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'{{about|the municipality in Rogaland, Norway||}} {{Infobox kommune |name = Sandnes |native_name = |native_name_lang = |other_name = |official_name = |image_skyline = Sandnes edit.JPG |image_caption = View of the city centre |idnumber = 1102 |county = Rogaland |district = Jæren |capital = Sandnes |demonym = sandnesbu<br />sandnesgauk |language = [[Norwegian language|Neutral]] |coatofarms = Sandnes komm.svg |munwebpage = www.sandnes.kommune.no |mayor = [[Stanley Wirak]] |mayor_party = [[Norwegian Labour Party|Ap]] |mayor_as_of = 2011 |area_rank = 275 |area_total_km2 = 304.04 |area_land_km2 = 285.07 |area_water_km2 = 18.97 |population_as_of = 2017 |population_rank = 8 |population_total = 69 |population_density_km2 = 264.8 |population_increase = 24.8 |coordinates = {{coord|58|51|06|N|05|44|10|E|region:NO|display=inline,title}} |utm_zone = 32V |utm_northing = 6527143 |utm_easting = 0317073 |geo_cat = city(60,922),adm2nd }} {{Audio|Sandnes.ogg|'''Sandnes'''}} is a [[List of towns and cities in Norway|city]] and [[Municipalities of Norway|municipality]] in [[Rogaland]] [[Counties of Norway|county]], [[Norway]]. It is the 8th largest city in Norway and it lies immediately south of the city of [[Stavanger]], the 4th largest city in Norway. Together, the [[Stavanger/Sandnes]] area is the 3rd largest urban area in Norway. Sandnes is part of the [[traditional districts of Norway|district]] of North-[[Jæren]]. The city is divided into 13 boroughs. The [[administrative centre]] of the city-municipality is located in the borough of [[Trones og Sentrum]] in the city centre. There are several village areas in the rural parts of the municipality including [[Hommersåk]], [[Høle]], [[Foss-Eikeland]], [[Stokka, Sandnes|Stokka]], and [[Vatne, Rogaland|Vatne]]. The {{convert|304|km2|adj=on}} municipality is the 275th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Sandnes is the 8th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 75,497. The municipality's [[population density]] is {{convert|264.8|PD/km2}} and its population has increased by 24.8% over the last decade.<ref name="ssb pop">{{cite web|title=Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)|url=https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/Define.asp?subjectcode=&ProductId=&MainTable=Folkemengd1951&nvl=&PLanguage=1&nyTmpVar=true&CMSSubjectArea=befolkning&KortNavnWeb=folkendrhist&StatVariant=&checked=true|year=2017|language=Norwegian|author=Statistisk sentralbyrå|authorlink=Statistics Norway|accessdate=2017-11-02}}</ref> ==History== [[File:Bilde 2.png|thumb|left|Map of the Stavanger/Sandnes region]] [[File:Hommersåk sentrum.JPG|thumb|left|View of the village of [[Hommersåk]]]] The small port village of Sandnes was granted ''[[List of towns and cities in Norway|ladested]]'' (small seaport city) status in 1860. On 6 April 1861, the small city was separated from the municipality of [[Høyland]] to form a separate self-governing municipality of its own. Initially, the municipality had 440 residents. On 1 July 1957, a small part of [[Høyland]] municipality (population: 18) was transferred to the city of Sandnes. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the [[Schei Committee]]. On 1 January 1965, the city of Sandnes (population: 3,961) was merged with the municipality of [[Høyland]] (population: 20,353) and parts of the municipalities of [[Høle (municipality)|Høle]] (population: 926) and [[Hetland]] (population: 2,077).<ref>{{cite web|first=Dag|last=Jukvam|publisher=[[Statistics Norway|Statistisk sentralbyrå]]|title=Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen|year=1999|url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/90/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdf|language=Norwegian}}</ref> On 1 January 2017, a small {{convert|350|daa|acre|lk=on|adj=on}} area on the southwestern edge of the village of [[Solakrossen]] was transferred from Sandnes municipality to the neighboring municipality of [[Sola]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lovdata.no/dokument/OV/forskrift/2015-12-22-1664|title=Vedtak om endring av kommunegrensen mellom Sandnes og Sola kommuner, Rogaland|language=Norwegian|accessdate=2017-11-02|publisher=Lovdata.no}}</ref> On 1 January 2020, the neighboring municipalities of Sandnes and [[Forsand]] are scheduled to merge into one large municipality called Sandnes.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forsand.kommune.no/kommunereform.335270.nn.html|title=Kommunereformen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=2017-11-04|publisher=Forsand kommune}}</ref> ===Name=== The city is named after an old "Sandnæs" farm, since the city was built on its grounds. The first element is ''sand'' which means "[[sand]]" or "sandy [[beach]]" and the last element is ''nes'' which means "[[headland]]". The farm was located at the end of the [[Gandsfjorden]] where the city centre is located today.<ref name="snl">{{cite web|url=https://snl.no/Sandnes|title=Sandnes|author=Store norske leksikon|authorlink=Store norske leksikon|language=Norwegian|accessdate=2016-04-07}}</ref> ===Coat-of-arms=== The [[Coat of arms|coat-of-arms]] was granted on 21 April 1972. The arms show a white piece of [[pottery]] on a green background. Pottery was chosen since it was one of the main industries in the late 18th century. The symbol is a ''leirgauk'', which in [[English language|English]] would be a [[ceramic]] [[cuckoo]]-[[bird]] (''leir(e)''= [[clay]]/ceramic and ''gauk/gjøk'' = cuckoo-bird). The ceramic Sandnes-cuckoo ({{lang-no|sandnesgauker}}) is an [[ocarina]] or simple flute which was made by the potteries in Sandnes and used to advertise their products. Later it also became a nickname for people from Sandnes.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Heraldry of the World|title=Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen|url=http://www.ngw.nl/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Sandnes|accessdate=2016-04-07}}</ref> ==Geography== The city of Sandnes is located at the base of the [[Stavanger Peninsula]], about {{convert|15|km}} south of the city of [[Stavanger]], and these two cities have expanded so as to form a [[conurbation]]. The municipality of [[Sola]] is located to the west, [[Klepp]] and [[Time, Norway|Time]] to the south, and [[Gjesdal]] and [[Forsand]] to the east. The [[fjord]] [[Gandsfjorden]] is situated north-south and ends in the centre of Sandnes. The [[Stavanger Airport, Sola|international airport for Sandnes/Stavanger]] is situated in Sola. The [[Gandsfjorden]] runs along the western side of the municipality and the [[Høgsfjorden]] runs along the east side of the municipality. The city-municipality of Sandnes is divided into 13 boroughs: [[Austrått, Rogaland|Austrått]], [[Figgjo]], [[Ganddal]], [[Hana, Norway|Hana]], [[Høle]], [[Lura, Norway|Lura]], [[Malmheim og Soma]], [[Riska]], [[Sandved, Norway|Sandved]], [[Stangeland]], [[Sviland]], and [[Trones og Sentrum]]. The landscape of the Sandnes and Stavanger region is quite flat. On the long west coast there are several beaches and further inland the land is raised to form low plains with some small peaks rising up to {{convert|400|to|500|m}} above sea level. From Stavanger and Sandnes it is approximately one hour by car to alpine and skiing resorts. In Sandnes there are some easily accessible small mountain peaks, such as Dalsnuten and Lifjell, with a view over the Sandnes/Stavanger area. The renowned [[Lysefjorden]] is also easily accessible by car or boat. The lake [[Frøylandsvatnet (Sandnes)|Frøylandsvatnet]], the river [[Figgjoelva]], and the mountain [[Hanafjellet]] are all located in Sandnes. ===Location=== Sandnes is located on the west coast of Norway. Here are some distances from Sandnes to other major cities in Norway: * [[Stavanger]] {{convert|12|km|mi}} * [[Kristiansand]] {{convert|155|km|mi}} * [[Bergen]] {{convert|170|km|mi}} * [[Oslo]] {{convert|305|km|mi}} * [[Ålesund]] {{convert|400|km|mi}} * [[Trondheim]] {{convert|570|km|mi}} * [[Tromsø]] {{convert|1360|km|mi}} * [[Vigrestad]] {{convert|40|km|mi}} ===2016 Nord-Jæren municipality debates=== The [[Storting]] decided in 2013/2014 that the number of municipalities in Norway has to be lowered. The process is as of 26 May was still ongoing, with the last ballot to be counted on 30 May. If the municipalities of Sandnes, Stavanger and Sola merges, the new municipality will be called Nord-Jæren, after the geographic location of the three municipalities. The city council have said no to this merging, but the majority of the parties in the city council will with the people's opinion, in other words, if the result of the elections on 30 May says no, the grand majority of parties will also vote no for the merging to be decided and sent to the Fylkesmann (County Governor), and with that, end the Nord-Jæren debates. In the case of a no to the merging, an alternative solution is to merge Sandnes with the municipality of Forsand. Gjesdal municipality was a part of what the politicians call the "neighbour's talk", but the conversations between Sandnes and Gjesdal ended as an argument regarding tax on property. Sandnes did not want to introduce this tax, but Gjesdal did. Sandnes is in a Norwegian perspective, a very well-run municipality. ==Government== All municipalities in Norway, including Sandnes, are responsible for [[primary education]] (through 10th grade), outpatient [[Health care|health services]], [[old age|senior citizen]] services, [[unemployment]] and other [[Social work|social services]], [[zoning]], [[economic development]], and municipal [[road]]s. The municipality is governed by a [[Municipal council (Norway)|municipal council]] of elected representatives, which in turn elect a [[mayor]]. ===Municipal council=== The [[Municipal council (Norway)|municipal council]] ''(Kommunestyre)'' of Sandnes is made up of 49 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the [[Political party|party]] breakdown is as follows:<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Statistics Norway|url=https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/SelectTable/hovedtabellHjem.asp?KortNavnWeb=kommvalgform&CMSSubjectArea=valg&StatVariant=&PLanguage=1&checked=true|title=Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)|language=Norwegian|year=2015}}</ref> {{Kommunestyre table |name = Sandnes |start = 2015 |end = 2019 |Total = 49 |nynorsk = |Arbeiderpartiet = 18 |Fremskrittspartiet = 12 |Høyre = 8 |Kristelig_Folkeparti = 5 |Senterpartiet = 2 |Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 1 |Venstre = 2 |Pensjonistpartiet = |Rødt = |Grønne = 1 |Kyst = |Kristne = |Local_Lists = |}} ==Media gallery== <gallery> Sandnes City Map.png|Map of Sandnes city centre Sandnes 01.jpg|The bus station, known as ''Ruten'' (The Route) Jaeren Tingrett.jpg|Jæren Tingrett (District Court) Sandnes idrettspark fra luften.jpg|Sandnes sports park from the air Sandnes om natta.jpg|Sandnes by night </gallery> ==Economy== {{Historical populations |footnote = '''''Source''': [https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/Define.asp?subjectcode=&ProductId=&MainTable=Folkemengd1951&nvl=&PLanguage=1&nyTmpVar=true&CMSSubjectArea=befolkning&KortNavnWeb=folkendrhist&StatVariant=&checked=true Statistics Norway] |shading = on |1951|4178 |1961|3981 |1971|30705 |1981|36901 |1991|44967 |2001|53860 |2011|66245 |2016|74820 }} Sandnes hosts a large array of retail shops of most kinds and is used by the neighbouring municipalities appreciating the service and wide range of selections. Sandnes is known as Norway's bicycle city, mainly due to the fact that the bicycle manufacturer [[Øglænd DBS]] was situated here for decades. The city offers a variety of routes for everyday riders and tourists. Since 1996, a public bicycle rental program has been in operation in the city. The city has a vibrant industrial base, mainly in the [[Ganddal]] area in the south and the Lura and [[Forus]] area in the north along the municipal boundary with Stavanger. There is significant activity related to oil exploration in the [[North Sea]] and also some IT related companies. In this suburban region between Sandnes and Stavanger, malls and department stores have also been established. Among these malls is one of Norway's biggest malls, [[Kvadrat Storsenter|Kvadrat]] meaning "square" (although it is not square shaped anymore as it has expanded several times since it opened in 1984). Around 30% of the population is employed in Stavanger (Q4 2004).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sandnes.kommune.no/index.asp?topExpand=1000097&subExpand=1000096&menuid=1000586&strurl=1007368i&context=0|title=Fakta om næringslivet i Sandnes|publisher=Sandnes Kommune}}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Sandnes was formerly known as the ''pottery town'' of Norway – due to the important ceramics industry based on the extensive occurrence of [[clay]] in the surroundings. The [[Vatneleiren]] military base is also located in Sandnes, just outside [[Vatne, Rogaland|Vatne]]. ==Culture and sports== The primary football team, [[Sandnes Ulf]], currently plays in the second highest division of Norwegian professional football, the [[Norwegian First Division]], as of 2016. The major tourist attraction in Sandnes is the [[Science Factory (Vitenfabrikken)]]. It is a {{convert|4000|m2|adj=on}} science museum with science and art exhibitions, a planetarium, sun telescopes, and chemistry shows. Sandnes is the only city in Norway which is a member of the [[World Health Organisation]]’s network of Healthy Cities. Sandnes and Stavanger were chosen along with [[Liverpool]], [[United Kingdom]], to be a European Capital of Culture for 2008. Higher education facilities include [[Forus Upper Secondary School]], [[Sandnes Upper Secondary School]], [[Gand Upper Secondary School]], [[Akademiet Upper Secondary School]] and [[Lundehaugen Upper Secondary School]]. In 2010 Forus and Lundehaugen were no longer Upper Secondary Schools, Lundehaugen is now a High School. Most of Forus and Lundehaugen merged into a new school named Vågen. ===Churches=== [[File:Sandnes Kirke(Jarvin).JPG|thumb|right|Sandnes Church]] [[File:Hana kirke.jpg|thumb|right|Hana Church]] The [[Church of Norway]] has eight parishes ''(sokn)'' within the municipality of Sandnes. It is part of the [[List of churches in Rogaland#Sandnes prosti|Sandnes]] [[deanery]] in the [[Diocese of Stavanger]]. {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ style="font-size:medium"|'''''Churches in Sandnes''''' !Parish ''(Sokn)''!!Church Name!!Location of the Church!!Year Built |- |rowspan="1"|Bogafjell||[[Bogafjell Church]]||[[Bogafjell]]||2012 |- |rowspan="2"|Gand||[[Gand Church]]||[[Sandved, Norway|Sandved]]||1978 |- |[[Julebygda Chapel]]||[[Malmheim og Soma]]||1957 |- |rowspan="1"|Hana||[[Hana Church]]||[[Hana, Norway|Hana]]||1997 |- |rowspan="1"|Høle||[[Høle Church]]||[[Høle]]||1860 |- |rowspan="2"|Høyland||[[Høyland Church]]||[[Austrått, Rogaland|Austrått]]||1841 |- |[[Sviland Chapel]]||[[Sviland]]||1913 |- |rowspan="1"|Lura||[[Lura Church]]||[[Lura, Norway|Lura]]||1987 |- |rowspan="2"|Riska||[[Riska Church]]||[[Hommersåk]]||1999 |- |[[Old Riska Church]]||[[Hommersåk]]||1877 |- |rowspan="1"|Sandnes||[[Sandnes Church (Rogaland)|Sandnes Church]]||[[Trones og Sentrum|Sandnes sentrum]]||1882 |} ==Notable residents== *[[Annette Obrestad]], a professional poker player (born in Stavanger) resides in Sandnes. Annette became the youngest ever winner of a WSOP bracelet when winning the [[Betfair]] [[World Series of Poker Europe]] title in September 2007 at the age of 18. *[[Thomas Dybdahl]], a famous Norwegian [[singer-songwriter]] *[[Kjartan Salvesen]], the winner of Norwegian Idol 2004 is from Sandnes. His first album sold 40,000 copies in Norway (double platinum). *[[Nattefrost|Roger Rasmussen]], better known by the stage name Nattefrost, vocalist and founder of Carpathian Forest, a black metal band . ==References== {{Reflist|2}} ==External links== {{commons category|Sandnes}} {{wiktionary|Sandnes}} * {{Wikivoyage-inline|Rogaland}} * {{Wikivoyage-inline|Sandnes}} *[http://ssb.no/kommunefakta/sandnes Municipal fact sheet] from [[Statistics Norway]] {{no icon}} * [http://www.sandnes.kommune.no/ Municipality website] {{no icon}} * [http://www.regionstavanger.no/?c=4&intro=null&PR=85_4_1&mi=di5&pc=24&sp=GB The official tourism site of the Stavanger region] * [http://www.sandnes.info Website about the city of Sandnes-Norway] {{Rogaland}} [[Category:Municipalities of Rogaland]] [[Category:Cities and towns in Norway]] [[Category:Populated coastal places in Norway]] [[Category:Port cities and towns in Norway]] [[Category:Port cities and towns of the North Sea]] [[Category:Jæren]] [[Category:Sandnes|Sandnes]]'