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'''''Tympanocryptis pinguicolla''''', also known as '''grassland earless dragon''', is one of 15 documented species of a relatively small dragon belonging to the genus ''[[Tympanocryptis]]''. Recognised as an endangered species. It is found at higher altitudes and in regions that have cooler temperatures than any other earless dragon. The Grassland Earless Dragon is the only representative of the family Agamidae that is restricted to natural temperate grasslands.

{{Speciesbox|taxon=Tympanocryptis pinguicolla|authority=|image=[[File:T.pinguicolla.jpg|thumb|Tympanocryptis pinguicolla]]}}

== Description ==
Range in size from 50-70 mm snout-vent length, with a head to tail length generally less than 150 mm.

The Grassland Earless Dragon is light to dark brown dorsally, with three thin white lines running the length of the body, which separate darker transverse patches into individual segments. Some individuals have yellow or orange colouration on the throat, sides of the head, flanks, ventral surface, groin and under the tail.

Females are oviparous.

== Habitat ==
Remnant populations in Canberra and Cooma, NSW. Historically found in Victoria, but presumed to be extinct in Victoria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://biology-assets.anu.edu.au/hosted_sites/Scott/2007melvilleetalcg.pdf|title=Conservation genetics and species status of an endangered
Australian dragon, Tympanocryptis pinguicolla
(Reptilia: Agamidae)|last=Melville, Goebel, Starr, Keogh, Austin|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=2006|dead-url=|access-date=2018}}</ref>
[[File:P_Robertson_-_2009.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_Robertson_-_2009.png|thumb|257x257px|Map of south-eastern Australia indicating extant (<>red) and historical (<>pink) populations of theGrassland Earless Dragon.]]
Found in natural temperate grasslands, dominated by wallaby grasses (Austrodanthonia spp.), spear grasses (Austrostipa spp.), tussock grasses (Poa spp.) and possibly Kangaroo Grass (Themeda triandra). Less than 1% of native temperate grasslands remain.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.publish.csiro.au/zo/ZO09076|title=Home ranges of, and habitat use by, the grassland earless dragon (Tympanocryptis pinguicolla) in remnant native grasslands near Canberra|last=Stevens, Evans, Osborne, Sarre|first=|date=2009|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018}}</ref> Preferring sites with both taller tussock and shorter grasses.

Loss of habitat has seen numbers drop dramatically after European settlement. Sustained high-intensity grazing that leaves little or no ground cover is likely detrimental, particularly in areas with few surface rocks. <ref name=":0">https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/43f24013-b621-4ff6-bf09-34da942e8ced/files/tympanocryptis-pinguicolla.pdf</ref> Generally not present where native grassland has been substantially modified through cultivation (ploughing or cropping).

Cultivation results in changes to plant species composition, structure and possibly food availability (arthropods) that is likely to result in severe degradation or complete removal of suitable habitat for the species.

"Observations indicate that arthropod burrows, surface rocks, or other similar refuge sites may be necessary for the continued persistence of populations of dragons, by providing thermal refugia (Nelson 2004)."<ref name=":0" />

Known to make use of arthropod burrows (in ACT) but also shelters beneath rocks (in Vic). Shelter sites may vary with season and local environmental conditions. Soil disturbance, such as ploughing or compaction, might also result in destruction of arthropod burrows (shelter sites) and possibly a reduction in the abundance, at least in the short-term, of burrow forming arthropods.

A radio-tracking study found that "burrows excavated by arthropods are an important resource for grassland earless dragons, with individuals having one or two home burrows around which they maintained home ranges of between 925 m<sup>2</sup> and 4768 m<sup>2</sup>."<ref name=":1" />

"May survive short-term disturbance from fire (Nelson et al. 1998a)." <ref name=":0" />

== Reproduction ==
Lay 3-6 eggs in late spring or early summer. Young hatch in late summer (possibly disperse soon after hatching), grow to adult size rapidly (by late autumn-early winter), mate the following spring, and often die within one year of birth. Can reach the age of 5 within captivity.

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''''''Tympanocryptis pinguicolla''''', also known as '''grassland earless dragon''', is one of 15 documented species of a relatively small dragon belonging to the genus ''[[Tympanocryptis]]''. Recognised as an endangered species. It is found at higher altitudes and in regions that have cooler temperatures than any other earless dragon. The Grassland Earless Dragon is the only representative of the family Agamidae that is restricted to natural temperate grasslands. {{Speciesbox|taxon=Tympanocryptis pinguicolla|authority=|image=[[File:T.pinguicolla.jpg|thumb|Tympanocryptis pinguicolla]]}} == Description == Range in size from 50-70 mm snout-vent length, with a head to tail length generally less than 150 mm. The Grassland Earless Dragon is light to dark brown dorsally, with three thin white lines running the length of the body, which separate darker transverse patches into individual segments. Some individuals have yellow or orange colouration on the throat, sides of the head, flanks, ventral surface, groin and under the tail. Females are oviparous. == Habitat == Remnant populations in Canberra and Cooma, NSW. Historically found in Victoria, but presumed to be extinct in Victoria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://biology-assets.anu.edu.au/hosted_sites/Scott/2007melvilleetalcg.pdf|title=Conservation genetics and species status of an endangered Australian dragon, Tympanocryptis pinguicolla (Reptilia: Agamidae)|last=Melville, Goebel, Starr, Keogh, Austin|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=2006|dead-url=|access-date=2018}}</ref> [[File:P_Robertson_-_2009.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_Robertson_-_2009.png|thumb|257x257px|Map of south-eastern Australia indicating extant (<>red) and historical (<>pink) populations of theGrassland Earless Dragon.]] Found in natural temperate grasslands, dominated by wallaby grasses (Austrodanthonia spp.), spear grasses (Austrostipa spp.), tussock grasses (Poa spp.) and possibly Kangaroo Grass (Themeda triandra). Less than 1% of native temperate grasslands remain.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.publish.csiro.au/zo/ZO09076|title=Home ranges of, and habitat use by, the grassland earless dragon (Tympanocryptis pinguicolla) in remnant native grasslands near Canberra|last=Stevens, Evans, Osborne, Sarre|first=|date=2009|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018}}</ref> Preferring sites with both taller tussock and shorter grasses. Loss of habitat has seen numbers drop dramatically after European settlement. Sustained high-intensity grazing that leaves little or no ground cover is likely detrimental, particularly in areas with few surface rocks. <ref name=":0">https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/43f24013-b621-4ff6-bf09-34da942e8ced/files/tympanocryptis-pinguicolla.pdf</ref> Generally not present where native grassland has been substantially modified through cultivation (ploughing or cropping). Cultivation results in changes to plant species composition, structure and possibly food availability (arthropods) that is likely to result in severe degradation or complete removal of suitable habitat for the species. "Observations indicate that arthropod burrows, surface rocks, or other similar refuge sites may be necessary for the continued persistence of populations of dragons, by providing thermal refugia (Nelson 2004)."<ref name=":0" /> Known to make use of arthropod burrows (in ACT) but also shelters beneath rocks (in Vic). Shelter sites may vary with season and local environmental conditions. Soil disturbance, such as ploughing or compaction, might also result in destruction of arthropod burrows (shelter sites) and possibly a reduction in the abundance, at least in the short-term, of burrow forming arthropods. A radio-tracking study found that "burrows excavated by arthropods are an important resource for grassland earless dragons, with individuals having one or two home burrows around which they maintained home ranges of between 925 m<sup>2</sup> and 4768 m<sup>2</sup>."<ref name=":1" /> "May survive short-term disturbance from fire (Nelson et al. 1998a)." <ref name=":0" /> == Reproduction == Lay 3-6 eggs in late spring or early summer. Young hatch in late summer (possibly disperse soon after hatching), grow to adult size rapidly (by late autumn-early winter), mate the following spring, and often die within one year of birth. Can reach the age of 5 within captivity.'
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'@@ -1,1 +1,32 @@ +'''''Tympanocryptis pinguicolla''''', also known as '''grassland earless dragon''', is one of 15 documented species of a relatively small dragon belonging to the genus ''[[Tympanocryptis]]''. Recognised as an endangered species. It is found at higher altitudes and in regions that have cooler temperatures than any other earless dragon. The Grassland Earless Dragon is the only representative of the family Agamidae that is restricted to natural temperate grasslands. +{{Speciesbox|taxon=Tympanocryptis pinguicolla|authority=|image=[[File:T.pinguicolla.jpg|thumb|Tympanocryptis pinguicolla]]}} + +== Description == +Range in size from 50-70 mm snout-vent length, with a head to tail length generally less than 150 mm. + +The Grassland Earless Dragon is light to dark brown dorsally, with three thin white lines running the length of the body, which separate darker transverse patches into individual segments. Some individuals have yellow or orange colouration on the throat, sides of the head, flanks, ventral surface, groin and under the tail. + +Females are oviparous. + +== Habitat == +Remnant populations in Canberra and Cooma, NSW. Historically found in Victoria, but presumed to be extinct in Victoria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://biology-assets.anu.edu.au/hosted_sites/Scott/2007melvilleetalcg.pdf|title=Conservation genetics and species status of an endangered +Australian dragon, Tympanocryptis pinguicolla +(Reptilia: Agamidae)|last=Melville, Goebel, Starr, Keogh, Austin|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=2006|dead-url=|access-date=2018}}</ref> +[[File:P_Robertson_-_2009.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_Robertson_-_2009.png|thumb|257x257px|Map of south-eastern Australia indicating extant (<>red) and historical (<>pink) populations of theGrassland Earless Dragon.]] +Found in natural temperate grasslands, dominated by wallaby grasses (Austrodanthonia spp.), spear grasses (Austrostipa spp.), tussock grasses (Poa spp.) and possibly Kangaroo Grass (Themeda triandra). Less than 1% of native temperate grasslands remain.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.publish.csiro.au/zo/ZO09076|title=Home ranges of, and habitat use by, the grassland earless dragon (Tympanocryptis pinguicolla) in remnant native grasslands near Canberra|last=Stevens, Evans, Osborne, Sarre|first=|date=2009|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018}}</ref> Preferring sites with both taller tussock and shorter grasses. + +Loss of habitat has seen numbers drop dramatically after European settlement. Sustained high-intensity grazing that leaves little or no ground cover is likely detrimental, particularly in areas with few surface rocks. <ref name=":0">https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/43f24013-b621-4ff6-bf09-34da942e8ced/files/tympanocryptis-pinguicolla.pdf</ref> Generally not present where native grassland has been substantially modified through cultivation (ploughing or cropping). + +Cultivation results in changes to plant species composition, structure and possibly food availability (arthropods) that is likely to result in severe degradation or complete removal of suitable habitat for the species. + +"Observations indicate that arthropod burrows, surface rocks, or other similar refuge sites may be necessary for the continued persistence of populations of dragons, by providing thermal refugia (Nelson 2004)."<ref name=":0" /> + +Known to make use of arthropod burrows (in ACT) but also shelters beneath rocks (in Vic). Shelter sites may vary with season and local environmental conditions. Soil disturbance, such as ploughing or compaction, might also result in destruction of arthropod burrows (shelter sites) and possibly a reduction in the abundance, at least in the short-term, of burrow forming arthropods. + +A radio-tracking study found that "burrows excavated by arthropods are an important resource for grassland earless dragons, with individuals having one or two home burrows around which they maintained home ranges of between 925 m<sup>2</sup> and 4768 m<sup>2</sup>."<ref name=":1" /> + +"May survive short-term disturbance from fire (Nelson et al. 1998a)." <ref name=":0" /> + +== Reproduction == +Lay 3-6 eggs in late spring or early summer. Young hatch in late summer (possibly disperse soon after hatching), grow to adult size rapidly (by late autumn-early winter), mate the following spring, and often die within one year of birth. Can reach the age of 5 within captivity. '
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[ 0 => ''''''Tympanocryptis pinguicolla''''', also known as '''grassland earless dragon''', is one of 15 documented species of a relatively small dragon belonging to the genus ''[[Tympanocryptis]]''. Recognised as an endangered species. It is found at higher altitudes and in regions that have cooler temperatures than any other earless dragon. The Grassland Earless Dragon is the only representative of the family Agamidae that is restricted to natural temperate grasslands.', 1 => '{{Speciesbox|taxon=Tympanocryptis pinguicolla|authority=|image=[[File:T.pinguicolla.jpg|thumb|Tympanocryptis pinguicolla]]}}', 2 => false, 3 => '== Description ==', 4 => 'Range in size from 50-70 mm snout-vent length, with a head to tail length generally less than 150 mm.', 5 => false, 6 => 'The Grassland Earless Dragon is light to dark brown dorsally, with three thin white lines running the length of the body, which separate darker transverse patches into individual segments. Some individuals have yellow or orange colouration on the throat, sides of the head, flanks, ventral surface, groin and under the tail.', 7 => false, 8 => 'Females are oviparous.', 9 => false, 10 => '== Habitat ==', 11 => 'Remnant populations in Canberra and Cooma, NSW. Historically found in Victoria, but presumed to be extinct in Victoria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://biology-assets.anu.edu.au/hosted_sites/Scott/2007melvilleetalcg.pdf|title=Conservation genetics and species status of an endangered', 12 => 'Australian dragon, Tympanocryptis pinguicolla', 13 => '(Reptilia: Agamidae)|last=Melville, Goebel, Starr, Keogh, Austin|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=2006|dead-url=|access-date=2018}}</ref>', 14 => '[[File:P_Robertson_-_2009.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_Robertson_-_2009.png|thumb|257x257px|Map of south-eastern Australia indicating extant (<>red) and historical (<>pink) populations of theGrassland Earless Dragon.]]', 15 => 'Found in natural temperate grasslands, dominated by wallaby grasses (Austrodanthonia spp.), spear grasses (Austrostipa spp.), tussock grasses (Poa spp.) and possibly Kangaroo Grass (Themeda triandra). Less than 1% of native temperate grasslands remain.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.publish.csiro.au/zo/ZO09076|title=Home ranges of, and habitat use by, the grassland earless dragon (Tympanocryptis pinguicolla) in remnant native grasslands near Canberra|last=Stevens, Evans, Osborne, Sarre|first=|date=2009|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018}}</ref> Preferring sites with both taller tussock and shorter grasses.', 16 => false, 17 => 'Loss of habitat has seen numbers drop dramatically after European settlement. Sustained high-intensity grazing that leaves little or no ground cover is likely detrimental, particularly in areas with few surface rocks. <ref name=":0">https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/43f24013-b621-4ff6-bf09-34da942e8ced/files/tympanocryptis-pinguicolla.pdf</ref> Generally not present where native grassland has been substantially modified through cultivation (ploughing or cropping).', 18 => false, 19 => 'Cultivation results in changes to plant species composition, structure and possibly food availability (arthropods) that is likely to result in severe degradation or complete removal of suitable habitat for the species.', 20 => false, 21 => '"Observations indicate that arthropod burrows, surface rocks, or other similar refuge sites may be necessary for the continued persistence of populations of dragons, by providing thermal refugia (Nelson 2004)."<ref name=":0" />', 22 => false, 23 => 'Known to make use of arthropod burrows (in ACT) but also shelters beneath rocks (in Vic). Shelter sites may vary with season and local environmental conditions. Soil disturbance, such as ploughing or compaction, might also result in destruction of arthropod burrows (shelter sites) and possibly a reduction in the abundance, at least in the short-term, of burrow forming arthropods.', 24 => false, 25 => 'A radio-tracking study found that "burrows excavated by arthropods are an important resource for grassland earless dragons, with individuals having one or two home burrows around which they maintained home ranges of between 925 m<sup>2</sup> and 4768 m<sup>2</sup>."<ref name=":1" />', 26 => false, 27 => '"May survive short-term disturbance from fire (Nelson et al. 1998a)." <ref name=":0" />', 28 => false, 29 => '== Reproduction ==', 30 => 'Lay 3-6 eggs in late spring or early summer. Young hatch in late summer (possibly disperse soon after hatching), grow to adult size rapidly (by late autumn-early winter), mate the following spring, and often die within one year of birth. Can reach the age of 5 within captivity.' ]
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'<div class="mw-parser-output"><p><i><b>Tympanocryptis pinguicolla</b></i>, also known as <b>grassland earless dragon</b>, is one of 15 documented species of a relatively small dragon belonging to the genus <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tympanocryptis" title="Tympanocryptis">Tympanocryptis</a></i>. Recognised as an endangered species. It is found at higher altitudes and in regions that have cooler temperatures than any other earless dragon. The Grassland Earless Dragon is the only representative of the family Agamidae that is restricted to natural temperate grasslands.</p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><i>Tympanocryptis pinguicolla</i></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:T.pinguicolla.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/T.pinguicolla.jpg/220px-T.pinguicolla.jpg" width="220" height="149" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/T.pinguicolla.jpg/330px-T.pinguicolla.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/T.pinguicolla.jpg/440px-T.pinguicolla.jpg 2x" data-file-width="527" data-file-height="357" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:T.pinguicolla.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Tympanocryptis pinguicolla</div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Tympanocryptis" title="e"><img alt="e" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Red_Pencil_Icon.png" width="16" height="16" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></th> </tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom:</td> <td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Phylum:</td> <td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Class:</td> <td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">Reptilia</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Order:</td> <td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Squamata" title="Squamata">Squamata</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Suborder:</td> <td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Iguania" class="mw-redirect" title="Iguania">Iguania</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Family:</td> <td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Agamidae" title="Agamidae">Agamidae</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Genus:</td> <td><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tympanocryptis" title="Tympanocryptis">Tympanocryptis</a></i></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Species:</td> <td><span class="species"><i><b>T.&#160;pinguicolla</b></i></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><i>Tympanocryptis pinguicolla</i></span></b><br /></td> </tr> </table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Description">Description</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tympanocryptis_pinguicolla&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Description">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Range in size from 50-70 mm snout-vent length, with a head to tail length generally less than 150 mm.</p> <p>The Grassland Earless Dragon is light to dark brown dorsally, with three thin white lines running the length of the body, which separate darker transverse patches into individual segments. Some individuals have yellow or orange colouration on the throat, sides of the head, flanks, ventral surface, groin and under the tail.</p> <p>Females are oviparous.</p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Habitat">Habitat</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tympanocryptis_pinguicolla&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Habitat">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Remnant populations in Canberra and Cooma, NSW. Historically found in Victoria, but presumed to be extinct in Victoria.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup></p> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:257px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_Robertson_-_2009.png"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/P_Robertson_-_2009.png/255px-P_Robertson_-_2009.png" width="255" height="257" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/P_Robertson_-_2009.png/383px-P_Robertson_-_2009.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/P_Robertson_-_2009.png/510px-P_Robertson_-_2009.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="806" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:P_Robertson_-_2009.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Map of south-eastern Australia indicating extant (&lt;&gt;red) and historical (&lt;&gt;pink) populations of theGrassland Earless Dragon.</div> </div> </div> <p>Found in natural temperate grasslands, dominated by wallaby grasses (Austrodanthonia spp.), spear grasses (Austrostipa spp.), tussock grasses (Poa spp.) and possibly Kangaroo Grass (Themeda triandra). Less than 1% of native temperate grasslands remain.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2">[2]</a></sup> Preferring sites with both taller tussock and shorter grasses.</p> <p>Loss of habitat has seen numbers drop dramatically after European settlement. Sustained high-intensity grazing that leaves little or no ground cover is likely detrimental, particularly in areas with few surface rocks. <sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3">[3]</a></sup> Generally not present where native grassland has been substantially modified through cultivation (ploughing or cropping).</p> <p>Cultivation results in changes to plant species composition, structure and possibly food availability (arthropods) that is likely to result in severe degradation or complete removal of suitable habitat for the species.</p> <p>"Observations indicate that arthropod burrows, surface rocks, or other similar refuge sites may be necessary for the continued persistence of populations of dragons, by providing thermal refugia (Nelson 2004)."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3">[3]</a></sup></p> <p>Known to make use of arthropod burrows (in ACT) but also shelters beneath rocks (in Vic). Shelter sites may vary with season and local environmental conditions. Soil disturbance, such as ploughing or compaction, might also result in destruction of arthropod burrows (shelter sites) and possibly a reduction in the abundance, at least in the short-term, of burrow forming arthropods.</p> <p>A radio-tracking study found that "burrows excavated by arthropods are an important resource for grassland earless dragons, with individuals having one or two home burrows around which they maintained home ranges of between 925 m<sup>2</sup> and 4768 m<sup>2</sup>."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2">[2]</a></sup></p> <p>"May survive short-term disturbance from fire (Nelson et al. 1998a)." <sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3">[3]</a></sup></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Reproduction">Reproduction</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tympanocryptis_pinguicolla&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Reproduction">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Lay 3-6 eggs in late spring or early summer. Young hatch in late summer (possibly disperse soon after hatching), grow to adult size rapidly (by late autumn-early winter), mate the following spring, and often die within one year of birth. Can reach the age of 5 within captivity.</p> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Melville, Goebel, Starr, Keogh, Austin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biology-assets.anu.edu.au/hosted_sites/Scott/2007melvilleetalcg.pdf">"Conservation genetics and species status of an endangered Australian dragon, Tympanocryptis pinguicolla (Reptilia: Agamidae)"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Conservation+genetics+and+species+status+of+an+endangered+Australian+dragon%2C+Tympanocryptis+pinguicolla+%28Reptilia%3A+Agamidae%29&amp;rft.au=Melville%2C+Goebel%2C+Starr%2C+Keogh%2C+Austin&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbiology-assets.anu.edu.au%2Fhosted_sites%2FScott%2F2007melvilleetalcg.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATympanocryptis+pinguicolla" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">line feed character in <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> at position 58 (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invisible_char" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>);</span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Check date values in: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_date" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_Multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Stevens, Evans, Osborne, Sarre (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.publish.csiro.au/zo/ZO09076">"Home ranges of, and habitat use by, the grassland earless dragon (Tympanocryptis pinguicolla) in remnant native grasslands near Canberra"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Home+ranges+of%2C+and+habitat+use+by%2C+the+grassland+earless+dragon+%28Tympanocryptis+pinguicolla%29+in+remnant+native+grasslands+near+Canberra&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.au=Stevens%2C+Evans%2C+Osborne%2C+Sarre&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.publish.csiro.au%2Fzo%2FZO09076&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATympanocryptis+pinguicolla" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Check date values in: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_date" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_Multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/43f24013-b621-4ff6-bf09-34da942e8ced/files/tympanocryptis-pinguicolla.pdf">https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/43f24013-b621-4ff6-bf09-34da942e8ced/files/tympanocryptis-pinguicolla.pdf</a></span></li> </ol> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw1344 Cached time: 20180511121854 Cache expiry: 1900800 Dynamic content: false CPU time usage: 0.464 seconds Real time usage: 0.572 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 10149/1000000 Preprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000 Post‐expand include size: 23750/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 10041/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/40 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 538/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.369/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2.23 MB/50 MB --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 560.155 1 -total 88.83% 497.590 1 Template:Speciesbox 87.51% 490.179 1 Template:Taxobox/core 47.76% 267.556 1 Template:Taxobox/taxonomy 29.85% 167.187 142 Template:Taxon_info 10.80% 60.486 33 Template:Delink 9.25% 51.818 7 Template:Taxon_link 8.11% 45.423 37 Template:Taxobox/displayed_cell 7.25% 40.622 2 Template:Cite_web 3.81% 21.343 10 Template:Str_left --> </div>'
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