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'{{EngvarB|date=October 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}} {{for|the former local government district|County Borough of Teesside}} {{Refimprove|date=August 2010}} {{Infobox settlement |name = Teesside |pushpin_map = England |pushpin_label_position = right |pushpin_map_caption = Location of Teesside in England |pushpin_mapsize = 200px |coordinates = {{coord|54|35|20|N|1|11|15|W|region:GB|display=inline,title}} |subdivision_type = Sovereign state |subdivision_name = [[United Kingdom]] |subdivision_type1 = Country |subdivision_name1 = [[England]] |subdivision_type2 = Region |subdivision_name2 = [[North East England]] |population_metro = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_total = 376,633 |population_note = |population_as_of = 2011 |population_footnotes = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |timezone = GMT ([[UTC±00:00|UTC]]) |timezone_DST = BST |utc_offset_DST = +1 |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_max_m = |elevation_max_ft = |elevation_min_m = |elevation_min_ft = }} '''Teesside''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|iː|s|aɪ|d}}) is the [[conurbation]] in the [[north east of England]] around the urban centre of [[Middlesbrough]] home to our lord and saviour ‘jevans’ captain,leader,legend on and off the pitch. Inspiring millions of grass root youngsters to pursure a career in the beautiful game. Documenting his journey day by day as he builds and grows into the next footballing sensation. It is also made up of the towns of [[Billingham]], [[Redcar]], [[Stockton-on-Tees]], [[Thornaby]] and surrounding settlements near the [[River Tees]]. It was also the name of a local government district between 1968 and 1974—the [[County Borough of Teesside]]. Teesside remains an important centre for heavy industry, although the number of people employed has declined. Traditional industries, primarily steelmaking ([[British Steel (Historic)|British Steel]]) and chemical manufacture ([[Imperial Chemical Industries]] (ICI)), have been replaced to a large extent by high technology activities, science development and service sector roles. ==Local government== In 1974 the [[County Borough of Teesside]] was absorbed into the larger [[non-metropolitan county]] of [[Cleveland, England|Cleveland]] along with the towns of [[Hartlepool]] and [[Guisborough]]. The Teesside area was partitioned between the boroughs of [[Stockton-on-Tees (borough)|Stockton-on-Tees]], [[Middlesbrough (borough)|Middlesbrough]] and [[Redcar and Cleveland|Langbaurgh]], with the wards of Billingham East & West, Grangefield, Hartburn, Mile House, North End, Norton, Stockton South, Thornaby East & West going to Stockton; the wards of Coatham, Eston Grange, Kirkleatham, Ormesby, Redcar and South Bank going to Langbaurgh; and the rest going to Middlesbrough. Local government reorganisation in 1996, recommended by the [[Banham Review]], saw the county of Cleveland broken up into the four independent [[unitary authority]] boroughs of [[Hartlepool (borough)|Hartlepool]], Stockton, Middlesbrough and [[Redcar and Cleveland]] (a renamed Langbaurgh). At this time they were returned to the counties of [[North Yorkshire]] and [[County Durham]] for [[ceremonial counties of England|ceremonial purposes]], with Stockton-on-Tees becoming the only district in England split between two ceremonial counties. In 1998 the neighbouring [[Darlington (borough)|Borough of Darlington]] also became an independent unitary authority and this along with the four former Cleveland boroughs form the sub-region of the [[Tees Valley]] which is used for statistical purposes and governmental organisation. The name Tees Valley is increasingly promoted for economic and cultural connections, but is seen by many residents as little more than another example of unwanted rebranding.{{cn|date=September 2017}} Teesside, Cleveland and the former historic county names of Yorkshire and Durham remain popular in everyday usage, e.g. [[Cleveland Police]] and [[Cleveland Fire Brigade]] still carry the county name even though the county was abolished in 1996. On items of post, it is very common to see Cleveland as the county (rather in the same way Middlesex lingers) – although Royal Mail will not commit to any county name, citing that post towns and postcodes are adequate for all UK areas. ==Urban area== The '''Teesside Built-up Area (BUA)''', previously the Teesside Urban Area, identified by the [[Office for National Statistics|ONS]] for statistical purposes had a population of around 376,633 according to the 2011 census<ref name="BUA">{{cite web | url=http://www.nomisweb.co.uk/articles/747.aspx|title=2011 Census – Built-up areas| work= | publisher=[[Office for National Statistics|ONS]] | accessdate=1 July 2013}}</ref> which is up 3% on the 2001 figure of 365,323, and had the following subdivisions: * [[Billingham]] (35,392) * [[Port Clarence|High Clarence]] (773) * [[Ingleby Barwick]] (20,378) * [[Middlesbrough]] (174,700) * [[Redcar]] (37,073) * [[Stockton-on-Tees]] (82,792) * [[Thornaby-on-Tees]] (24,741) * [[Wolviston]] (877) [[Eaglescliffe]] and [[Yarm]] are counted as a separate Yarm urban area, separated by a narrow gap, which had a population of 19,184<ref name="BUA"/> according to the 2011 census up 5% from the 2001 figure of 18,335.<ref>[http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/census2001/ks_urban_north_part_11.pdf ONS map]</ref><ref>[http://www.statistics.gov.uk/StatBase/Expodata/Spreadsheets/D8271.xls ONS KS01 table]</ref> Infilling development may join the two urban areas together. [[Marske-by-the-Sea]] is another separate Urban Area nearly contiguous with [[Redcar]] with a population of 8,282<ref name="BUA"/> down 7% from the 2001 figure of 8,921. Nearby Hartlepool is also sometimes considered as part of Teesside. The Hartlepool area has an urban population of 88,855<ref name="BUA"/> an increase of 3% from the 2001 figure of 86,085 and this can be referred to as the '''Teesside & Hartlepool Urban Area'''. If this definition is taken into consideration, with the addition of the Eaglescliffe area and Marske, Teesside would have a population of approximately 492,954 people. ==Large-scale integrated chemical processing on Teesside== Teesside industry is dominated by the commodity and in many instances, integrated chemical producers of the [[Northeast of England Process Industry Cluster]] (NEPIC). These companies are based on three large chemical sites around the mouth of the River Tees at [[Wilton, Redcar and Cleveland|Wilton]],<ref>{{cite book|first=Colin|last=Hurworth|publisher=Falcon Press| title=Wilton the First Fifty Years|isbn=1872339018|date=1999}}</ref> [[Billingham]] and [[Seal Sands]]. These companies make products such as [[petrochemicals]], [[commodity chemicals]], [[fertilizers]] and [[polymers]]. ==The River Tees and Teesport== [[Teesport]] is based on the [[River Tees]] and is currently the third largest port in the United Kingdom, and amongst the ten biggest in Western Europe. This port handles over 56 million tonnes of goods per annum which are mainly associated with the local petrochemical, chemical and steel processing industries. The port is an important piece of logistical infrastructure for the [[Northeast of England Process Industry Cluster|NEPIC cluster]] of process companies. ==Uses in local culture== Teesside continues to be used locally to refer the entire urban area and the name can still be seen in the following uses: * [[Teesside University]] * [[Teesside Park|Teesside retail and leisure park]] which was founded by the now defunct [[Teesside Development Corporation]] * [[TS postcode area]] which is officially known as the 'Cleveland postal area' by [[Royal Mail]], but was clearly formed from ''Teesside''.<ref>Royal Mail, ''Address Management Guide'', (2004)</ref> * ''[[Teesside International Airport]]'' renamed in 2004 as ''[[Durham Tees Valley Airport]]'' * ''Teesside'' continues to be used as signed destination on [[Road signs in the United Kingdom|UK road signs]]. It is only once the actual boroughs are entered that local town names are used. It has also been adopted for various other purposes as a synonym for the former county of [[Cleveland, England|Cleveland]]. It is common to see Teesside spelled incorrectly as "Teeside", with a single 's'. ==See also== * [[Trolleybuses in Teesside]] * [[Teesside Fettlers]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/tees/ BBC Tees – the latest local news, sport, entertainment, features, faith, travel and weather.] [[Category:Geography of County Durham]] [[Category:Geography of North Yorkshire]] [[Category:Places in the Tees Valley]] [[Category:Teesside|*]] [[Category:Urban areas of England]]'