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'{{otherhurricaneuses|Typhoon Ketsana (disambiguation)|the 2009 typhoon}}{{otherhurricaneuses|Tropical Storm Ondoy|the 2009 typhoon}} {{Infobox Hurricane |Name=Typhoon Ketsana (Ondoy) |Type=typhoon |Year=2009 |Basin=WPac |Image location=Typhoon Ketsana 2009-09-28 0330Z.jpg |Image name=Ketsana shortly before being upgraded to a typhoon on September 28 |Formed=September 24, 2009 |Dissipated=September 30, 2009 |10-min winds=70 |1-min winds=90 |Pressure=960 |Damages=1090 |Fatalities=710 direct, 37 missing |Areas=[[Philippines]], [[China]], [[Vietnam]], [[Laos]], [[Cambodia]], [[Thailand]] |Hurricane season=[[2009 Pacific typhoon season]] }} '''Typhoon Ketsana''', known in the Philippines as '''Tropical Storm Ondoy''', was the second most devastating tropical cyclone in the [[2009 Pacific typhoon season]] with a damage of [[United States dollar|$]]1.09 billion and 747 fatalities, only behind [[Typhoon Morakot|Morakot]] earlier in the season, which caused 789 deaths and damages worth [[United States dollar|$]]6.2 billion. The storm was the sixteenth tropical storm, eighth typhoon and the second major typhoon in the season. It was the most devastating typhoon to hit [[Metro Manila|Manila]],<ref>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5k6pPDbtd?url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173229/metro-manila-25-provinces-placed-under-state-of-calamity |archivedate=2009-09-27 |title=Metro Manila, 25 provinces placed under state of calamity |url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173229/metro-manila-25-provinces-placed-under-state-of-calamity |date=2009-09-26 |publisher=GMANews.TV |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> surpassing [[Typhoon Patsy (1970)|Typhoon Patsy (Yoling)]] in [[1970 Pacific typhoon season|1970]]. Ketsana formed early about 860&nbsp;km (535&nbsp;mi) to the northwest of [[Palau]] on September 23, 2009. The depression remained weak and was downgraded to a low pressure area later that day by the [[Japan Meteorological Agency]] and after drifting through extremely favorable conditions, it intensified the next day and was categorized as Tropical Depression by the [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration]] and was given the name Ondoy after entering the Philippine Area of Responsibility. The [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert on the depression. It was then upgraded to a tropical depression by the JMA later that morning before the JTWC followed suit early on September 25, designating the depression as 17W. Soon, Ketsana was upgraded to a [[tropical cyclone|Tropical Storm]] before passing over the [[Philippines]]. As it moved into the [[South China Sea]] the storm intensified while moving toward the west, and was categorized as a Severe Tropical Storm by the JMA. Philippine President [[Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo|Gloria Arroyo]] declared a "[[state of calamity]]" encompassing most of Luzon after at least 86 people were initially reported dead in landslides and other incidents.<ref name=IOLonline>{{cite news|title=Philippines storm leaves 106 dead&nbsp;— report |journal=Independent Online |date=2009-09-28 |url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?from=rss_News&set_id=1&click_id=79&art_id=nw20090927151617321C689274}}</ref> Flood water levels reached a record {{convert|20|ft|m}} in rural areas. As of October 24, 2009, at least 464 deaths in the Philippines were officially reported from the typhoon.<ref name="yahoo" /><ref name="damaged" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/sep/28/philippines-storm-death-toll |publisher=The Guardian |title=Philippines storm death toll rises |date=2009-09-28 |accessdate=2009-12-09 | location=London | first=Matthew | last=Weaver}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article6852358.ece |publisher=The Times |title=Philippines 'overwhelmed' as new storm threatens after Ketsana |date=2009-09-28 |accessdate=2009-12-09 | location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/philippines/6239022/Philippine-flood-death-toll-rises.html |publisher=The Daily Telegraph |title=Philippine flood death toll rises |date=2009-09-28 |accessdate=2009-12-09 | location=London}}</ref><ref name="Why" /><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/10/09/09/death-toll-ondoy-rises-337 |publisher=ABS-CBN News |title=Death toll from Ondoy rises to 337 |date=2009-10-09 |agency=Agence France-Presse |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> ==Meteorological history== {{storm path|Ketsana 2009 track.png}} On September 23, 2009, the [[Japan Meteorological Agency]] (JMA), reported that a seasonal tropical depression had formed about 860&nbsp;km (535&nbsp;mi) to the northwest of [[Palau]].<ref>{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/Tokyo/2009092300.RJTD|title=JMA WWJP25 Advisory 2009-09-23 00z|date=2009-09-23|publisher=[[Japan Meteorological Agency]]|accessdate=2009-09-26}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref> The [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] (JTWC) then reported later that day that the depression had a developing [[Eye (cyclone)|low-level circulation center]] and was in a favorable environment with low vertical wind shear.<ref>{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/GuamStuff/2009092306-ABPW.PGTW|title=Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and Southern Pacific Oceans 2009-09-23 06z|date=2009-09-23|publisher=[[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]]|accessdate=2009-09-26}}</ref> The JMA then reported that the depression had weakened into an area of low pressure.<ref>{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/Tokyo/2009092312.RJTD|title=JMA WWJP25 Advisory 2009-09-23 12 UTC|date=2009-09-23|publisher=[[Japan Meteorological Agency]]|accessdate=2009-09-26}}</ref> However, early the next day, as deep convection started to consolidate around the low-level circulation center, the [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration]] (PAGASA) reported that the low pressure area had become a Tropical Depression and assigned it a local name of Ondoy.<ref>{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/GuamStuff/2009092314-ABPW.PGTW|title=Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and Southern Pacific Oceans 2009-09-23 14z|date=2009-09-23|publisher=[[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]]|accessdate=2009-09-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://dynasmon.fortunecity.com/PAGASA.html |title=PAGASA Tropical Cyclone Advisory 2009-09-24 03z |date=2009-09-24 |publisher=[[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration]] |accessdate=2009-09-26 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5k1XDps0C?url=http://dynasmon.fortunecity.com/PAGASA.html |archivedate=September 24, 2009 }}</ref> Later that morning, the JTWC issued a [[Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert]] as central convection had continued to organize around a consolidating elongated but exposed low-level circulation center.<ref>{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/GuamStuff/2009092404-WTPN.PGTW|title=Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert 2009-09-24 04z|date=2009-09-24|publisher=[[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]]|accessdate=2009-09-26}}</ref> The JMA then re-upgraded Ondoy to a tropical depression later that morning before the JTWC followed suit early on September 25, designating it as Tropical Depression 17W when it was located about 400&nbsp;nm east of Manila in the Philippines.<ref>{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/Tokyo/2009092406.RJTD|title=JMA WWJP25 Advisory 2009-09-24 06 UTC|date=2009-09-24|publisher=[[Japan Meteorological Agency]]|accessdate=2009-09-26}}</ref><ref name="PROG1">{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/GuamStuff/2009092503-WDPN.PGTW|title=Prognastic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 17W 2009-09-25 03z|date=2009-09-25|publisher=[[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]]|accessdate=2009-09-26}}</ref> At this stage, the system was moving along the southern side of the subtropical ridge and had good poleward outflow into a [[tropical upper tropospheric trough]] (TUTT) cell.<ref name="PROG1"/> [[File:Tropical Storm Ketsana September 26, 2009.jpg|thumb|right|Tropical Storm Ketsana over the Philippines on September 26]] Throughout September 25 the intensification of Ondoy was hampered by the system moving into an area of moderate vertical wind shear and by an upper-level trough of pressure that was moving over the system.<ref name="PROG2">{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/GuamStuff/2009092515-WDPN.PGTW|title=Prognastic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 17W 2009-09-25 15z|date=2009-09-25|publisher=[[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]]|accessdate=2009-09-26}}</ref> But later that day the JTWC upgraded it to a Tropical Storm despite its low level circulation center being partially exposed.<ref name="AD1">{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/GuamStuff/2009092521-WTPN.PGTW|title=Tropical Storm 17W JTWC Advisory 2009-09-25 21z|date=2009-09-25|publisher=[[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]]|accessdate=2009-09-26}}</ref> The JMA followed suit early the next day, assigning the international name of Ketsana and the international designation of 0916 to the storm.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtpq20.rjtd..txt|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5k48rJSHf?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtpq20.rjtd..txt|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2009-09-26|title=JMA Tropical Cyclone Advisory: 2009-09-26 00z |date=2009-09-26|publisher=[[Japan Meteorological Agency]]|accessdate=2009-09-26}}</ref> PAGASA then reported that Ketsana had made landfall on Northern Luzon near the boundary of the Philippine provinces of [[Aurora (province)|Aurora]] and [[Quezon]]. As a result of making landfall, its low-level circulation center had become fully exposed, but as the storm moved into the South China Sea, it dramatically deepened and expanded while moving west and was upgraded to a Severe Tropical Storm by the JMA early on September 27. During September 27, Ketsana gradually developed further and was upgraded to a Typhoon by the JTWC and the JMA early the next day, as multiple convective bands were continuing to consolidate more tightly around the low-level circulation center, leading to the formation of a disorganized eye. Typhoon Ketsena then intensified quickly under favorable conditions, reaching peak windspeeds later that day of 165&nbsp;km/h, (105&nbsp;mph) <small>(1-min winds)</small> and 140&nbsp;km/h (85&nbsp;mph) <small>(10-min winds)</small> which made it a Category 2 typhoon on the [[Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale]]. Ketsana then made a second landfall on [[Quảng Nam Province|Quảng Nam]] in [[Vietnam]], at 0600&nbsp;UTC on September 29 at its peak intensity. It then rapidly weakened into a Severe Tropical Storm, with the JTWC issuing its last advisory later that day; however, the JMA continued to monitor Ketsana as a Severe Tropical Storm until later that day, when it downgraded it to a Tropical Storm before further downgrading it to a Tropical Depression early the next day when the center of the depression was located over [[Laos]]. The JMA monitored the storm as a weak tropical depression until late on September 30, when it released its final advisory. ==Preparations== ===Philippines=== [[File:Typhoon Ketsana Ondoy PSWS Map.png|thumbnail|left|PSWS Map of the Philippines during Ketsana (Ondoy) affects and strucks the Northern Philippines]] On September 24, [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration|PAGASA]] placed the provinces of [[Aurora (province)|Aurora]], northern [[Quezon]], [[Camarines Norte]], [[Camarines Sur]], and [[Catanduanes]] under [[Tropical cyclone watches and warnings#Philippines|Public Storm Warning Signal#1]] which meant that winds of 30–60&nbsp;km/h were expected to affect those areas within 36 hours. After the floods struck, some were critical of the government's failure to predict the scale of the disaster or to lessen the damage it caused.<ref name="Why">{{cite news |url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1926646,00.html |title=The Manila Floods: Why Wasn't the City Prepared? |last=Tharoor |first=Ishaan |date=2009-09-29 |publisher=Time |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref>Ioooooooooooooooooooooooooooo ===Highest Public Storm Warning Signal=== {| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto;" |- ! PSWS# !! LUZON !! VISAYAS !! MINDANAO |- | PSWS #2 || Pangasinan, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino, Aurora, Nueva Ecija, Zambales, Tarlac, <br>Pampanga, Bulacan, Northern Quezon, Polilio Island || None || None |- | PSWS #1 || Metro Manila, Bataan, Rizal, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Camarines Norte, <br>Marinduque, Mindoro Provinces, Lubang Island, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Benguet, Isabela, Mt. Province, Ifugao, Southern Quezon || None || None |- |} ===China=== <!-- China not SAR --> Late on September 27, both the [[Hong Kong Observatory]] and the [[Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau]] placed [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]] under the Standby Signal No.1.<ref name="Signals">{{cite web|url=http://www.hko.gov.hk/cgi-bin/hko/warndb_e1.pl?opt=1&sgnl=1.or.higher&start_ym=200909&end_ym=200909&submit=Submit+Query|title=Tropical Cyclone Warning Signals Hoisted in September 2009 |date=2009-09-29|publisher=[[Hong Kong observatory]]|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smg.gov.mo/www/cvm/typhoon/e_wmo.php |title=Tropical Cyclone advisory Macau 2009-09-27 21z |date=2009-09-27 |publisher=[[Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau]] |accessdate=2009-09-27 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5k6yt9FPW?url=http://www.smg.gov.mo/www/cvm/typhoon/e_wmo.php |archivedate=September 27, 2009 }}</ref> The Bureau then considered hoisting the [[Hong Kong tropical cyclone warning signals|Strong Wind Signal 3]], but decided it was not needed for Hong Kong, while Macau hoisted it early the next day. These warnings were kept in force until later that day when all warnings were lowered.<ref name="Signals"/> On September 29 it was announced that parts of southern China would be placed under an orange warning with certain regional meteorological bureaus entering a level 3 emergency response. ===Vietnam=== On September 27, the Vietnam National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nchmf.gov.vn|title=Vietnam National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting}}</ref> issued a public storm warning signal named "Number 9." The government instructed residents to secure their homes with fortified hard wood and sandbag roofs. Also, authorities mobilized several thousand military personnel and police to help residents evacuate from the typhoon's path. Fishing vessels were called to return to their ports.<ref name="ph.news.yahoo.com">{{cite web|url=http://ph.news.yahoo.com/afp/20090929/tap-vietnam-philippines-weather-5cc1ef8.html |title=Yahoo! News |publisher=Ph.news.yahoo.com |date= |accessdate= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001182433/http://ph.news.yahoo.com/afp/20090929/tap-vietnam-philippines-weather-5cc1ef8.html |archivedate=October 1, 2009 }}</ref> This caused thousands of crops to fail. ==Impact== ===Philippines=== {| class="navbox" style="float:right; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; width:20em;" |+ <big>'''Typhoon Ketsana casualties in the Philippines'''</big> |- style="padding: 0; margin: 0" |colspan="6" style="padding: 0; margin: 0"| {| class="collapsible" style="margin: 0 auto; width:100%" !colspan="3"| [[National Disaster Coordinating Council|NDCC]] death tally<ref name="NDCC update">{{cite web|url=http://210.185.184.53/ndccWeb/images/ndccWeb/ndcc_advisory/TC_ONDOY/ondoy15.pdf|title=Situation Report: Ondoy|accessdate=2009-09-29|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110530012257/http://210.185.184.53/ndccWeb/images/ndccWeb/ndcc_advisory/TC_ONDOY/ondoy15.pdf|archivedate=2011-05-30|df=}}</ref> |- style="font-size:80%" !Region ! Deaths |- |align="left"|[[Cordillera Administrative Region|CAR]] | style="text-align:center;"|4 |- |align="left"|[[Central Luzon|Region III]] | style="text-align:center;"|56 |- |align="left"|[[National Capital Region|NCR]] | style="text-align:center;"|448 |- |align="left"|[[CALABARZON|Region IV-A]] | style="text-align:center;"|160 |- |align="left"|[[Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao|ARMM]] | style="text-align:center;"|3 |- |align="left"|'''Total''' | style="text-align:center;"|'''671''' |- style="padding: 0; margin: 0" |colspan="6" style="padding: 0; margin: 0"| {| class="collapsible" style="margin: 0 auto; width:100%" |- !colspan="3"| Damages<ref name="NDCC update"/> |- style="font-size:80%" ! !Amount |- |align="left"| Agriculture |align="left"| [[Philippine peso|₱]]6,766,046,143.00<br />([[US dollars|$]]143,805,444.06) |- |align="left"| Infrastructure |align="left"| [[Philippine peso|₱]]4,391,462,577.60<br />([[US dollars|$]]93,336,080.29) |- |align="left"| '''Total damages'''<ref group=n>'''Total damages''' figure includes agriculture, infrastructure, casualties, etc. damages.</ref> |align="left"| '''[[Philippine peso|₱]]11,157,508,720.60'''<br />([[US dollars|$]]237,141,524.35) |} |} |} [[File:Ketsana 002.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Metro Manila]] experienced the highest rainfall in history, which brought heavy flooding.]] ====Meteorological observations==== {{unreferenced|section|date=September 2017}} Note:The soil can absorb between 100–150&nbsp;mm with 200&nbsp;mm Maximum so more than 180&nbsp;mm of rain means heavy flooding. An estimated 50-80% of the rainfall in 6 hours and 65-95% of the rainfall in 9–12 hours was recorded. Pre-Post on the right side means any of the two days and is a 24-hour recorded rainfall before or after the highest 24-hour rainfall either on September 25 or September 27, 2009, September 24 or 26 for areas in Bicol Region. The soil can absorb between 40–60&nbsp;mm in 6 hours without flooding, so many areas were heavily flooded and the provinces of Camarines Norte, Metro Manila, Bulacan, Batangas, Laguna, and Rizal reported widespread and very heavy flooding with moderate to low flooding occurring in the provinces of Zambales, Pampanga, Bataan, Cavite and Quezon. Ondoy's rainfall turned out to be of a flash flood type and was very unanticipated and unprepared for, which led to many deaths and extensive destruction of property. {| class="wikitable" border="1" style="font-size: 92%;" |- ! colspan=5 style="background:#ccf;" | Tropical Storm Ondoy (Ketsana) Rainfall Distribution over Philippines |- ! rowspan=2 | Measurement<br />station ! colspan=2 | Precipitation ! rowspan=2 | Date ! rowspan=2 | Pre-Post(mm) |- ! (mm) ! (in) |- | PAGASA Science Garden, Quezon City, NCR || 454.9&nbsp;mm || 17.91&nbsp;inches || September 26, 2009 || 94.0&nbsp;mm |- | Tanay, Rizal, CALABARZON || 331.7&nbsp;mm || 13.06&nbsp;inches || September 26, 2009 || 41.5&nbsp;mm |- | Manila, Metro Manila, NCR || 258.6&nbsp;mm || 10.18&nbsp;inches || September 26, 2009 || 41.4&nbsp;mm |- | Ambulong, Batangas/Laguna, CALABARZON || 234.4&nbsp;mm || 9.23&nbsp;inches || September 26, 2009 || 49.5&nbsp;mm |- | Bagasbas, Daet, Camarines Norte, Bicol || 204.5&nbsp;mm || 8.05&nbsp;inches || September 25, 2009 || 5.8&nbsp;mm |- | Infanta, Quezon, CALABARZON || 176.2&nbsp;mm || 6.94&nbsp;inches || September 26, 2009 || 98.6&nbsp;mm |- | (PSW), Barrio Barretto, Zambales, Central Luzon || 159.3&nbsp;mm || 6.27&nbsp;inches ||September 26, 2009|| 75.2&nbsp;mm |- | Subic,W.S., Zambales, Central Luzon || 127.8&nbsp;mm || 5.03&nbsp;inches || September 26, 2009 || 50.3&nbsp;mm |- | Clark AFB, Angeles City, Pampanga, Central Luzon || 109.0&nbsp;mm || 4.29&nbsp;inches || September 26, 2009 || 25.4&nbsp;mm |- | Iba, Zambales, Central Luzon || 103.9&nbsp;mm || 4.09&nbsp;inches || September 26, 2009 || 39.9&nbsp;mm |- |} Note: Only 100mm above Listed ====Landfall==== On September 24, 2009, Ketsana was estimated to be 330&nbsp;km northeast of [[Virac, Catanduanes|Virac]], [[Catanduanes]], [[Philippines]] with a maintaining speed of 55&nbsp;km/h at its center.<ref>{{cite news|title='Ondoy' moves closer to Catanduanes&nbsp;— Pagasa|last= |date=September 24, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-29 |url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173063/ondoy-moves-closer-to-catanduanes-pagasa}}</ref> A day later, Ketsana was spotted 360&nbsp;km southeast of [[Baler, Aurora|Baler]], [[Aurora province|Aurora]] with maximum winds of 65&nbsp;km/h near the center and gusts of up to 80&nbsp;km/h. [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration|PAG-ASA]] activated [[Tropical cyclone watches and warnings#Philippines|public storm signal no. 2]] for the provinces of [[Catanduanes]], [[Camarines Norte]] and [[Camarines Sur]], and [[Polillo Island]] in [[Quezon province|Quezon]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173177/ondoy-intensifies-into-tropical-storm-4-areas-under-signal-2|title='Ondoy' intensifies into tropical storm, 4 areas under signal 2|date=September 25, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> On September 26, shortly before noon in [[Philippine Standard Time|PST]] (around 0400 UTC), Ketsana made landfall on the border of Aurora and Quezon provinces, with maximum winds of 85&nbsp;km/h near the center and gusts of up to 100&nbsp;km/h.<ref name="rp flood">{{cite news|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173215/storm-ondoy-makes-landfall-causes-widespread-flooding|title=Storm 'Ondoy' makes landfall, causes widespread flooding|last=Ubalde|first=Joseph Holandes|date=September 26, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> At 2:00 PM PST (0600 UTC) that day, Ketsana approached [[Metro Manila|Manila]] and caused widespread flooding in the cities of [[Manila]], [[Caloocan]], [[Marikina]], [[Malabon City|Malabon]], [[Muntinlupa City|Muntinlupa]], [[Quezon City|Quezon]], [[Makati City|Makati]], [[Pasay City|Pasay]], [[Pasig City|Pasig]], [[Taguig City|Taguig]], [[Valenzuela City|Valenzuela]], and [[San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]]. Flooding also occurred in the nearby provinces of [[Bulacan]], [[Rizal]], [[Laguna (province)|Laguna]], and other [[CALABARZON|Southern Tagalog]] areas. Major roads were rendered impassable because of huge flood currents and clogged cars.<ref name="rp flood"/> Air flights were canceled because of heavy rains. Earlier, power interruptions were reported in [[Camarines Norte]] and minor landslides occurred in [[Camarines Sur]].<ref name="rp flood"/> [[Epifanio delos Santos Avenue|EDSA]] was closed because of heavy flooding. [[Department of National Defense (Philippines)|Defense secretary]] and [[National Disaster Coordinating Council]] (NDCC) chairman [[Gilberto Teodoro]] asked the [[Department of Transportation and Communications|DOTC]] to keep [[Manila Metro Rail Transit System|MRT]] and [[Manila Light Rail Transit System|LRT]] lines operational to accommodate stranded passengers.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173243/mrt-lrt-open-for-24-hours-to-accommodate-stranded-commuters|title=MRT, LRT open for 24 hours to accommodate stranded commuters|last=Ubalde|first=Joseph Holandes|date=September 26, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> ====State of calamity==== On the afternoon of September 26, [[Gilbert Teodoro|Teodoro]] declared an over-all [[state of calamity]] in [[Metro Manila]] and the other 25 provinces hit by the typhoon, allowing officials to utilize emergency funds for relief and rescue. Army troops, police, and civilian volunteers were deployed to rescue victims.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173229/metro-manila-25-provinces-placed-under-state-of-calamity|title=Metro Manila, 24 provinces placed under state of calamity|date=September 26, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> The [[Philippine National Red Cross]] and [[Philippine Coast Guard]] dispatched teams to rescue stranded and trapped people.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/metro/view/20090927-227182/Red-Cross-rubber-boats-rescue-people-on-roofs|title=Red Cross rubber boats rescue people on roofs|last=Andrade|first=Jeannette|date=September 27, 2009|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer|accessdate=2009-09-29|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930091108/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/metro/view/20090927-227182/Red-Cross-rubber-boats-rescue-people-on-roofs|archivedate=September 30, 2009|df=}}</ref> At that time, the average height of flooding was from two feet to waist high, and in some areas more than six feet.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173220/floods-rise-to-6-feet-in-rizal-residents-ask-for-rescue|title=Floods rise to 6 feet in Rizal; residents ask for rescue|date=September 26, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> Even [[Malacañan Palace]] was opened to those who were in need. The [[landslides]] and severe flooding left at least 246 people dead and 38 others missing.<ref name="Why" /><ref name="NDCC update"/> Public and private roads were clogged by vehicles stuck in floodwater.<ref name="Why" /> Thousands of motorists and more than 500 passengers were stranded at the [[North Luzon Expressway]] (NLEx). Distress calls and e-mails from thousands of Metro Manila residents and their worried relatives flooded TV and radio stations overnight as most of the power, communication, and water connections were lost.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bworldonline.com/BW092909/content.php?src=3&id=072|title=Metro Manila, surrounding areas’ power, water supply still below normal|last=Santos|first=Jose Bimbo|date=September 29, 2009|accessdate=2009-09-29}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref> Ketsana also caused flights and operations to be shut down at [[Ninoy Aquino International Airport]] for almost a day.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rmn.ph/national/libulibong-pasahero-nastranded-sa-naia-dahil-sa-pananalasa-bagyong-ondoy|title=Libu-libong pasahero, na-stranded sa NAIA dahil sa pananalasa Bagyong Ondoy|date=September 27, 2009|language=Tagalog|accessdate=2009-09-29}} {{Dead link|date=November 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> The economic region of [[Metro Manila]] and many adjoining provinces incurred damages to both [[infrastructure]] and [[agriculture]]. As of September 28, 2009, total damages from Ketsana were estimated at $100 million.<ref name="yahoo">{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/sep/28/death-toll-philippine-storm-reaches-100/ |title=140 die in Philippine storm, toll expected to rise|last=Cerojano|first=Teresa|agency=[[Associated Press]]|date=2009-09-28|publisher=The Washington Times|accessdate=2009-10-01}}</ref><ref name="damaged">{{cite web |first=Katherine |last=Evangelista |title=SAYS NDCC: P109-M worth of infrastructure, crops damaged: Death toll up to 100 |date=September 28, 2009 |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20090928-227311/P109-M-worth-of-infrastructure-crops-damaged |publisher=INQUIRER.net |accessdate=September 28, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090929165428/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20090928-227311/P109-M-worth-of-infrastructure-crops-damaged |archivedate=September 29, 2009 |df= }}</ref><ref name="Why" /> [[Internet café]]s, entertainment plazas, banks, food stores, building agencies, and stores were soaked with water and mud.<ref name="Why" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173294/both-rich-and-poor-suffered-from-ondoys-wrath|title=Both rich and poor suffered from Ondoy's wrath|last=Arquiza|first=Yasmin|date=September 28, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> Many people were warned of leptospirosis. [[Marikina City]], part of Metro Manila, was the most devastated region in the Philippines: almost all of the city's area was submerged in water up to ten feet deep and tons of knee-deep mud. During the typhoon, the [[Marikina River]] broke its banks and transformed streets into rivers.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8278818.stm|title=Devastation in Manila flood zone |last=Leithead|first=Alastair|date=September 28, 2009|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> Marikina residential areas, particularly Provident Village, were badly affected by flooding; at least eight people were found dead.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173269/8-dead-in-provident-village-marikina-city|title=8 dead in Provident Village, Marikina City|last=de los Santos|first=Melissa|date=September 28, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> Marikina itself recorded 78 deaths, the highest among Metro Manila cities.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/09/28/09/78-dead-devastated-marikina|title=78 dead in devastated Marikina|last=Aragones|first=Sol|date=September 28, 2009|publisher=ABS-CBN News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> At the height of the flooding, around 100,000 liters of bunker oil from the paper manufacturing firm Noah's Paper Mill in [[Marikina City]] spilled. Most of the oil battered the city's [[barangay]]s and a relatively small amount was washed into the basement of the [[SM City Marikina]] shopping mall. The spill later complicated rescue efforts in the city.<ref>{{cite news|title=Oil spill complicates Marikina rescue efforts|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/222424/oil-spill-complicates-marikina-rescue-efforts|first=Aaron|last=Recuenco|date=September 28, 2009|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer|accessdate=2009-09-28}}</ref> Over a two-day period starting on September 29, the [[National Power Corporation|National Power Corporation Flood Forecasting and Warning System]] released 500 cubic meters per second of stored water from the [[Angat Dam]] in [[Bulacan]]. The dam had accumulated 100 cubic meters per second when Ketsana hit the province.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bulacan residents warned of Angat Dam water release|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173363/bulacan-residents-warned-of-angat-dam-water-release|author=Kim Tan|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> [[Mandaluyong City]] also recorded more than {{convert|6|ft|m}} of flooding, especially in Gen. Kalentong St., where flooding was more than {{convert|10|ft|m}} deep,<ref>{{cite news|title=Help for Typhoon Victims in the Philippines|url=http://www.google.com/landing/typhoon-ondoy.html|publisher=Google|accessdate=}}</ref> badly affecting [[Arellano University - Plaridel Campus|the local campus of Arellano University]]. The street recorded the highest flooding outside the [[Marikina City]] area. In [[Mindanao]], several towns in [[Cotabato City]] and nearby [[Sultan Kudarat]] municipalities were submerged. The closing of the national highway in [[Bulalo, Cotabato City]] led to the isolation of connecting towns for several days.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/regions/view/20090928-227314/Ondoy-worsens-floods-in-Mindanao-town-villages|title=‘Ondoy’ worsens floods in Mindanao town, villages|last=Señase|first=Charlie|date=September 28, 2009|publisher=Inquirer Mindanao|accessdate=2009-09-29|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090929102750/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/regions/view/20090928-227314/Ondoy-worsens-floods-in-Mindanao-town-villages|archivedate=September 29, 2009|df=}}</ref> On September 28, [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration|PAGASA]] issued an 11 AM advisory canceling all public storm signals in the country when Ketsana left the [[Philippine Area of Responsibility]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173263/pagasa-lifts-all-storm-signals-in-rp-more-rains-to-follow-as-ondoy-exits|title=Pagasa lifts all Storm Signals in RP; more rains to follow as 'Ondoy' exits|date=September 28, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> ===Vietnam=== [[File:Ketsana 2009, Hue, Vietnam 6.JPG|200px|thumb|Flooding in [[Huế]], Vietnam, from Typhoon Ketsana]] Ketsana made its landfall in [[Vietnam]] at mid-afternoon on September 29 about {{convert|37|mi|km}} south of [[Da Nang]], [[Quảng Nam Province]]. The first two victims were killed by falling trees and electric lines.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=509659&publicationSubCategoryId=200|title=23 dead as 'Ondoy' roars into Vietnam |date=September 29, 2009|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=2009-09-29 |publisher=The Philippine Star}}</ref> Ketsana's maximum winds were reported at 167&nbsp;km/h (104&nbsp;mph) with gusts as strong as 204&nbsp;km/h (127&nbsp;mph) as it crossed over the [[South China Sea]] and approached land.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/asiapcf/09/29/vietnam.typhoon.ketsana/index.html?section=cnn_latest|title=Typhoon Ketsana slams into Vietnam |publisher=CNN|accessdate=2009-09-29 | date=2009-09-29}}</ref> The Vietnamese government evacuated some 170,000 people as floodwater rose high to the country's six central provinces. On the evening of the same day, Ketsana was forecast to be moving toward [[Laos]] then [[Mukdahan]] in [[Thailand]].<ref name="Mukdahan">{{cite news|url=http://www.nationmultimedia.com/news/30113294/Ketsana-expected-to-hit-Mukdahan-Wednesday |title=Ketsana expected to hit Mukdahan Wednesday |date=September 29, 2009 |work=The Nation |accessdate=2009-09-29 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.ino.com/headlines/?newsid=92920090468|title=Typhoon Ketsana Bears Down On Central Vietnam, Kills 23 |date=September 29, 2009|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> Heavy rains and strong winds lashed a 400&nbsp;km stretch of coastline from [[Thừa Thiên–Huế Province|Thừa Thiên–Huế]] to [[Quảng Ngãi Province|Quảng Ngãi]], with rainfall causing massive flood surges in [[Huế]], [[Bình Định Province|Bình Định]], and [[Kon Tum Province|Kon Tum]] provinces. Record high water levels were reported in rivers of Quảng Ngãi, Kon Tum, and [[Gia Lai Province|Gia Lai]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vietnamnet.vn/xahoi/2009/09/871158 |title=Lũ miền Trung&nbsp;— Tây Nguyên vượt mọi kỷ lục |publisher=VietNamNet |date=2009-09-29 |language=Vietnamese |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> Airports, schools, communications, and power lines in the affected area were shut down. Strong winds also destroyed parts of the North-South high voltage powerline, the backbone of Vietnam's electricity grid. The typhoon killed at least 163 people in Vietnam, 23 during the first hours after landfall; 17 people were missing and 616 injured.<ref name="ph.news.yahoo.com"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sify.com/news/typhoon-ketsana-kills-over-160-in-vietnam-news-features-jkfhIKgggbf.html |title=Typhoon Ketsana kills over 160 in Vietnam |publisher=Sify.com |date=2009-10-05 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tuoitre.com.vn/Tianyon/Index.aspx?ArticleID=340122&ChannelID=3 |title=Chính trị&nbsp;— Xã hội&nbsp;— Bạn đọc Tuổi Trẻ cứu trợ khẩn cấp người dân vùng lũ bị cô lập |work=Tuoi Tre Online |date=2009-10-01 |language=Vietnamese |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2009/09/30/ketsana-typhoon-cambodia-vietnam-phillipines.html |title=2nd typhoon gathers strength in Southeast Asia |publisher=CBC News |date=2009-10-01 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> Total damage of Ketsana is estimate at $785 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vietnamnet.vn/thegioi/200910/LHQ-Bao-so-9-lam-Viet-Nam-thiet-hai-785-trieu-USD-872560/ |title=LHQ: Bão số 9 làm Việt Nam thiệt hại 785 triệu USD |website=VietNamNet |date=2009-10-07 |language=Vietnamese |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> ===Cambodia=== The weakening typhoon struck northeastern [[Cambodia]] as one of the most severe storms ever to lash the country, with the worst damage in [[Kampong Thom Province]] in central Cambodia. Death tolls reached 43 people.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2009102629165/National-news/disaster-authority-revises-toll-from-ketsana-warns-of-food-shortages.html |title=Disaster authority revises toll from Ketsana, warns of food shortages |publisher=The Phnom Penh Post |date=2009-10-26 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> Also more than 66,000 families were forced from their homes by floodwaters. ===Laos=== There was major flooding in the southern and central provinces of [[Laos]], and much of the country experienced heavy rain and light flooding. Water was up to knee height in the province of [[Salavan Province|Saravane]], and at least 26 people died. The cities of [[Savannakhet]] and [[Pakse]] were worst affected since they were directly on the pathway of the typhoon and directly on the [[Mekong River]]. In the [[Si Phan Don]] area in [[Champassak Province]], some people took refugee on the roofs of their houses. The floods devastated rice fields and homes. [[Attapeu]] was the worst hit province, with nearly 90% of the province affected. ===Thailand=== Ketsana moved into [[Thailand]] as a tropical depression early on September 30.<ref name="ThaiCR">{{cite web|url=http://typhooncommittee.org/42nd/docs/members%20report/Thailand-TC42%20countryReport.pdf|title=ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee 42nd Session Country Report:Thailand|author=J Weyman|date=2009-12-18|work=[[Thai Meteorological Department]]|publisher=[[World Meteorological Organization]]|accessdate=2009-12-22}}</ref> As the weakening cyclone moved through the country, widespread heavy rainfall and flash flooding were reported in 40 provinces.<ref name="ThaiCR"/> The heavy rainfall also helped to fill up natural reservoirs within the country.<ref name="ThaiCR"/> The depression partially damaged 4680 houses and destroyed 44, as well as 820,000&nbsp;acres (330 000&nbsp;hectares) of agricultural land.<ref name="ThaiCR"/> Ketsana also injured one person and killed two before moving out of the country as an area of low pressure and dissipating on October 3 over the [[Andaman Sea]].<ref name="ThaiCR"/> Total damages were estimated at just over [[US $|$]]20,000,000.<ref name="ThaiCR"/> Three dams in Chai-ya-poom were damaged by the heavy rainfall, while in [[Pattaya]] nine boats were sunk waves reported to be over two metres high.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-09/30/content_12137118.htm |title=Several provinces in Thailand hit by Ketsana depression |author=Xiong Tong |date=2009-09-30 |publisher=Xinhua |accessdate=2009-12-30 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5mPT1OV4U?url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-09/30/content_12137118.htm |archivedate=December 30, 2009 }}</ref> ==Aftermath== [[File:Typhoon Ketsana in the Philippines.svg|thumb|right|{{legend|#DF4870|State of Calamity declared}} {{legend|#771835|State of Calamity declared together with confirmed deaths.}}]] [[File:Ondoy in rizal.jpg|thumb|right|A small plantation in the Philippines flooded by the typhoon.]] The [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration]] (PAGASA) documented a record-high amount of rainfall in 24 hours at {{convert|455|mm|in}}. They also reported that Ketsana's rainfall was recorded from 8{{nbsp}}am PST/ 0000 (UTC) of Saturday (September 26) to 8{{nbsp}}am PST/ 0000 (UTC) of Sunday (September 27). The amount of rainfall recorded for six hours, which was {{convert|341.3|mm|in}}, was comparable to the 24-hour rainfall in 1967.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/222285/flood-blamed-record-rainfall |title=Flood blamed on record rainfall |publisher=Manila Bulletin |date=2009-09-28 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> The damage to property was estimated to be [[Philippine peso|P]]6 billion, including P4.1 billion in damage to infrastructure, P1.9 billion in damage to schools, and P882.525 million in damage to agriculture.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173297/death-toll-from-storm-ondoy-continues-to-rise-ndcc |title=Death toll from storm 'Ondoy' continues to rise&nbsp;— NDCC |publisher=GMA News.TV |date=2009-09-28|accessdate=2009-09-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20090929-227511/Ondoy-damage-reaches-P23-billion |title=‘Ondoy’ damage P4.6B and counting—NDCC |publisher=INQUIRER.net |date=2009-09-29 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> According to the [[Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (Philippines)|Bureau of Agricultural Statistics]] of the [[Department of Agriculture (Philippines)|Philippines Department of Agriculture]], an estimated 126,721 hectares of rice-farming land were destroyed, which would affect almost 3% of the country's annual expected rice production. Added to this, Ketsana devastated some 1,374 hectares of corn plantations.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173398/crop-losses-surge-to-four-times-earlier-estimates|title=Crop losses surge to four times earlier estimates|date=September 29, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-30}}</ref> Some 48 hours after Ketsana struck Metro Manila, the Philippine government appealed to the international community and the [[United Nations]] for help.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.newamericamedia.org/news/view_article.html?article_id=d0d5deb83a7cb95a35a7f921222944c4&from=rss|title=Typhoon-Ravaged Philippines Asks for Int'l Help |last=Balana|first=Cynthia|author2=Jocelyn Uy|date=September 28, 2009|publisher=Inquirer.net|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> Various United Nations agencies, the [[United States]], the [[People's Republic of China]], and [[Japan]] provided emergency assistance to the victims of the typhoon in the Philippines.<ref>{{cite news|title=Toll surpasses 200 as Philippines struggles after flood&nbsp;— Summary |url=http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/287514,toll-surpasses-200-as-philippines-struggles-after-flood--summary.html|author=dpa|date=September 28, 2009|agency=Earth Times.org|accessdate=2009-09-28}}</ref> The United States donated $50,000, while China and Japan gave $10,000 and $20,000 respectively. [[Australia]] provided [[Australian dollar|A$]] 1 million and [[Thailand]] also provided humanitarian services.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90777/90851/6773079.html|title=Thailand to provide humanitarian aid to Philippines|date=September 29, 2009|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://globalnation.inquirer.net/news/breakingnews/view/20090929-227524/China-gives-100000-more-for-Ondoy-victims|title=China gives $100,000 more for Ondoy victims |date=September 29, 2009|publisher=Inquirer.net|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> [[Germany]] donated €500,000<ref>{{cite news|url=http://globalnation.inquirer.net/news/breakingnews/view/20090930-227681/Germany-gives-500000-for-Ondoy-victims|title=Germany gives €500,000 for Ondoy victims|date=September 30, 2009|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer|accessdate=2009-10-01}}</ref> as well the [[Republic of China]] (Taiwan) donated $50,000.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/news_content.php?id=1069264&lang=eng_news&cate_img=83.jpg&cate_rss=news_Politics_TAIWAN|title=Taiwan donates US$50,000 for typhoon victims in the Philippines|date=September 29, 2009|publisher=Taiwan News|accessdate=2009-10-01}}</ref> The United States also deployed [[United States Marine Corps|Marines]] to help rescue victims in the [[Cainta, Rizal|Cainta]] and [[Pasig City|Pasig]] areas, as well as for search and retrieval operations for dead bodies.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173353/us-gives-additional-50000-aid-for-ondoy-victims|title=US gives additional $50,000 aid for ‘Ondoy’ victims|last=See|first=Aie Balagtas|date=September 29, 2009|publisher=GMA News|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=US helps with Philippines typhoon |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=Taiwan News |date=October 3, 2009 |url=http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/news_content.php?id=1072958&lang=eng_news |accessdate=October 2, 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Filipinos preparing for worst, 'praying' for best from Parma |author=[[Josh Levs]] |newspaper=CNN |date=October 2, 2009 |url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/asiapcf/10/02/typhoon.parma.residents/ |accessdate=October 2, 2009 }}</ref> [[United States Naval Special Warfare Command|Special Forces Operators]] and other U.S. service members attached to [[OEF-P|Joint Special Operations Task Force Philippines]] also assisted in aid efforts.<ref>{{cite news |title=Military Provides Rescue, Humanitarian Support in Pacific |author=Donna Miles |author2=Lt. j.g. Theresa Donnelly |newspaper=America Forces Press Service |date=September 30, 2009 |url=http://www.navy.mil/search/display.asp?story_id=48648 |accessdate=October 2, 2009 |quote=Meanwhile, members of Joint Special Operations Task Force Philippines assisted the Philippine armed forces in rescuing 52 people stranded by massive flooding during Tropical Storm Ketsana earlier this week. The storm, known locally as Tropical Storm Ondoy, struck in the Manila area Sept. 27 and 28. The floods displaced hundreds of thousands of people, and the most recent reports indicate that nearly 100,000 people have been relocated, according to Philippines Disaster Management Services. Members of Navy SEAL teams and Naval Special Boat Teams 12 and 20, and U.S. medical troops attached to the Philippines task force responded, working with the island nation's military and government officials to rescue people from rooftops, deliver food and distribute medical supplies, officials reported. }}</ref> An additional 3,000 U.S. troops were expected to arrive to assist in relief efforts.<ref>{{cite news |title=US storms troops into the Philippines |author=Al Labita |newspaper=Asian Times |date=October 3, 2009 |url=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/KJ03Ae01.html |accessdate=October 2, 2009 }}</ref> U.S. Nonprofit international disaster relief organization [[AmeriCares]] shipped $3.2 million worth of medical aid for Ketsana survivors.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/fromthefield/219563/b6d3d8c56ff45103efa0a8f982710adf.htm |title=AmeriCares Sends Aid to the Philippines to Help Typhoon Ketsana Survivors |date=September 28, 2009 |publisher=Reuters |accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref> An [[Israel]]i search and rescue party, and doctors, nurses, and paramedics were sent to the Philippines.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3787287,00.html|title=Israel to aid Philippines in post-storm efforts|author=Yael Levy|publisher=[[Ynetnews]]|date=2010-08-09}}</ref> In the Philippines, the [[National Disaster Coordinating Council]] (NDCC) headed the rescue and relief operations for the citizens affected by Ketsana's flooding. There was also a counterpart private-sector effort among companies and [[NGO]]s to provide and coordinate relief activities in various areas. The [[Philippine Army]] deployed about 1,000 soldiers in Metro Manila and surrounding provinces to help in operations.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=509370&publicationSubCategoryId=200 |title=1,000 soldiers join rescue operations in Metro Manila, 3 provinces |publisher=The Philippine Star |date=2009-09-28 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> The Philippine National Red Cross and the Philippine Coast Guard also deployed teams in rubber boats to rescue people stranded in their homes.<ref name="Why" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/metro/view/20090927-227182/Red-Cross-rubber-boats-rescue-people-on-roofs |title=Red Cross rubber boats rescue people on roofs |date=2009-09-27 |publisher=INQUIRER.net |accessdate=2009-12-09 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930091108/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/metro/view/20090927-227182/Red-Cross-rubber-boats-rescue-people-on-roofs |archivedate=2009-09-30 |df= }}</ref> On the Internet, citizens turned to various social networks like [[Twitter]], [[Facebook]], [[Plurk]], and [[Multiply (website)|Multiply]] to share news updates and forward cries for help from people trapped in the floods. [[Google Maps]] was used to pinpoint locations of stranded people while various blogs and websites shared information on how to donate money and in-kind goods.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/173257/calls-for-help-flood-cyberspace-as-ondoy-pummeled-luzon |title=Calls for help flood cyberspace as ‘Ondoy’ pummeled Luzon |date=2009-09-27 |publisher= GMANews.TV |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> Donations arrived from all over the world and were sorely needed. After Typhoon Ketsana and [[Typhoon Parma]], the government of [[Japan]] has given the Philippines a P1.7-billion (3.350 billion yen) grant to improve the country's weather monitoring and information dissemination system.<ref>http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091101-233364/Japan-gives-RP-P17B-for-new-weather-radar</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/10/30/09/pagasa-gets-3-doppler-radars-japan|title=PAGASA gets 3 Doppler radars from Japan|first=ABS-CBN|last=News|publisher=}}</ref> ===International Aid to the Philippines=== [[File:US Navy 091004-M-9443M-134 Members of the U.S. Armed Forces and the Armed Forces of the Philippines deliver family food packs.jpg|thumb|right|Humvees of the United States Armed Forces deliver family food packs donated by local businesses and private organizations to aid communities affected by Tropical Storm Ketsana.]] * {{AUS}}:A$11,000,000 * {{flag|Canada}}:C$5,100,000, aid packages, water purification systems <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/September2009/30/c2458.html |title=WORLD VISION CANADA &#124; World Vision expands Typhoon Ketsana response across three countries |publisher=Newswire.ca |date=2009-09-30 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> ** Canadian federal government: C$5,000,000, priority in visa applications for both temporary and permanent residence<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.insidetoronto.com/news/local/article/152573--canada-pledges-5-million-to-flood-relief-in-philippines |title=Canada pledges $5 million to flood relief in Philippines |publisher=InsideToronto |date=2009-10-01 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalvisas.com/news/philippines_typhoon_victims_offered_canadian_visas1688.html |title=Philippines typhoon victims offered Canadian visas |publisher=Global Visas |date=2009-10-02 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> ** Province of [[Manitoba]]: C$100,000<ref>{{cite web|last=Writer |first=Staff |url=http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/local/100000-aid-for-philippines-62823047.html |title=$100,000 aid for Philippines |publisher=Winnipeg Free Press |date=2009-09-30 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> * {{flag|China}}:$140,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90776/90883/6773958.html |title=China hikes donation to Philippine storm victims to $140,000 |publisher=People's Daily Online |date=2009-09-30 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> * {{JPN}}:$20,000 * {{EU}}:€2,000,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eubusiness.com/news-eu/vietnam-philippines.o1/ |title=EU sends emergency aid to typhoon-hit Philippines |publisher=EU Business News |date=2009-09-29 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> * {{GER}}:€500,000 * {{ISR}}:Medical Teams * {{flag|Malaysia}}:20 tonnes of food aid.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/articles/20091016162225/Article/index_html |title=Malaysia sends aid to Philippines |publisher=NST Online |date=2009-10-16 |accessdate=2009-12-09 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> * {{NZ}}:NZ$25,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.caritas.org.nz/?sid=1163 |title=Caritas Aotearoa New Zealand pledges $25,000 to Philippines flooding |publisher=Caritas Aotearoa New Zealand |date=2009-09-29 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> * {{flag|Singapore}}:$20,000 and 3,200 water purification sets * {{flag|South Korea}}:Aid workers<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/91267864/AFP |title=South Korean aid workers and Filipino soldiers... |publisher=Getty Images |date=2009-09-30 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> * {{flag|Taiwan}}:$50,000 * {{flag|Thailand}}:Humanitarian Services * {{USA}}:$3,250,000 ** US government:$50,000 ** US military:[[USS Tortuga (LSD-46)]] and [[USS Harpers Ferry (LSD-49)]], 3rd Marine Expeditionary Force plus 20 USMC personnel, a helicopter and four Zodiac inflatable boats.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/VVOS-7WFQAB?OpenDocument |title=Marines, sailors bring aid to Philippines |publisher=ReliefWeb |date=2009-10-02 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> ** AmeriCares:$3.2 million ==Paracel Islands incident== Vietnamese officials and media reported that Chinese naval forces mistreated Vietnamese fishermen who tried to take shelter from the typhoon in the disputed [[Paracel Islands]]. The Chinese Navy allegedly fired on Vietnamese fishing boats when they tried to take shelter at Tru Cau island to escape Typhoon Ketsana and after being allowed to stay on the island for several days, they were robbed and beaten by Chinese forces before leaving.<ref>{{cite web|author=James Wray and Ulf Stabe |url=http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/asiapacific/news/article_1506963.php/Vietnamese-fishermen-say-they-were-mistreated-by-China |title=Vietnamese fishermen say they were mistreated by China |publisher=Monsters and Critics |date=2009-10-14 |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> Vietnam and China have an agreement that fishermen from either country can ride out storms in the other's territory. Nguyen Viet Thang, chairman of the Vietnam Fishery Association, said his organization was preparing an official protest to China over the incidents. Colonel Bui Phu Phu, vice chief of the border guard forces of the fishermen's home province of [[Quảng Ngãi Province|Quảng Ngãi]], confirmed the accusations and said the Ministry of Foreign Affairs should send a protest to China.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www3.vietnamnet.vn/chinhtri/200910/Cham-dut-ngay-viec-cuop-tai-san-danh-dap-ngu-dan-VN-874012/ |title=Chấm dứt ngay việc cướp tài sản, đánh đập ngư dân VN |publisher=VietNamNet |date=2009-10-16 |language=Vietnamese |accessdate=2009-12-09}}</ref> An official at the Chinese embassy in Hanoi said China had no comment on the accusations. ==Retirement== Due to the damage and deaths caused by the storm, the names '''Ketsana''' and '''Ondoy''' were later retired. The committee selected the name '''Champi''' to replace "Ketsana" on the Western Pacific basin name lists beginning in 2011. It was first used in the [[2015 Pacific typhoon season|2015 season]]. In 2012 the name selected by PAGASA to replace "Ondoy" was '''Odette''' and was first used in the [[Typhoon Usagi (2013)|2013 season]]. ==Removal of Prisco Nilo== When [[President]] [[Benigno Aquino III]] took office in June 2010, PAGASA Chief Administrator [[Prisco Nilo]] was fired and removed from his post on August 6.<ref name="Replacement">{{cite web |last =Sisante |first =Jam |title =Aquino replaces PAGASA chief |work = |publisher =GMANews.TV |date =August 6, 2010 |url =http://www.gmanews.tv/story/197958/aquino-replaces-pagasa-chief |accessdate =August 6, 2010}}</ref> The agency accused Nilo of having a supposedly fool-proof forecast of Typhoon Ketsana as the typhoon struck over [[Metro Manila]]. Aquino adds lack of disaster preparedness and slow installation of [[Weather radar|Doppler weather radar]] and other equipment, and slow voluntary response that left the agency unmodernized. Nilo left PAGASA after Graciano Yumul, Jr., took Nilo's vacant seat. This similar accusation also happened on the aftermath of [[Typhoon Conson (2010)|Typhoon Basyang]] in July 2010. Nilo was in [[Australia]] for his new post as weather forecaster of the [[Bureau of Meteorology (Australia)|Australian Weather Bureau]]. ==See also== * [[Typhoons in the Philippines]] ** [[Typhoon Parma|Typhoon Parma (Pepeng, 2009)]], a typhoon that hit Northern Luzon just right after Ketsana devastated the Philippines capital and killed just as many as Ketsana ** [[Typhoon Haiyan|Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda, 2013)]], deadliest tropical cyclone to strike the Philippines in modern history ** [[Tropical Storm Fung-wong (2014)|Tropical Storm Fung-wong (Mario, 2014)]], also a tropical storm that hit Northern Luzon and marked a 5th anniversary of Typhoon Ketsana ** [[Typhoon Nari (2013)|Typhoon Nari (Santi, 2013)]] **[[Typhoon Rammasun (2014)|Typhoon Rammasun (Glenda, 2014)]] **[[Typhoon Conson (2010)|Typhoon Conson (Basyang, 2010)]] **[[Typhoon Durian (2006)|Typhoon Durian (Reming, 2006)]] **[[Typhoon Xangsane|Typhoon Xangsane (Milenyo, 2006)]] **[[Typhoon Angela (1995)|Typhoon Angela (Rosing, 1995)]] **[[Typhoon Patsy (1970)]] *Typhoons in Central Vietnam **[[September 2009 Vietnam tropical depression]] **[[Tropical Depression 18W (2013)]] **[[Typhoon Wutip (2013)]] **[[Typhoon Hester (1971)]] ==Notes== {{reflist|group=n}} ==References== {{reflist|2}} ==External links== {{Commons category|Typhoon Ketsana (2009)}} * RSMC Tokyo - Typhoon Center ** [http://www.data.jma.go.jp/fcd/yoho/data/typhoon/T0916.pdf Best Track Data] of Typhoon Ketsana (0916) {{ja}} ** [http://www.data.jma.go.jp/fcd/yoho/data/typhoon/T0916.png Best Track Data (Graphics)] of Typhoon Ketsana (0916) ** [http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/besttrack.html Best Track Data (Text)] * [http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/best_tracks/2009/2009s-bwp/bwp172009.txt JTWC Best Track Data] of Typhoon 17W (Ketsana) *[http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/tcdat/tc09/WPAC/17W.KETSANA/ 17W.KETSANA] from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory {{Retired Pacific typhoon names}} {{Retired Philippine typhoon names}} {{2009 Pacific typhoon season buttons}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ketsana (2009)}} [[Category:2009 Pacific typhoon season]] [[Category:2009 in China]] [[Category:2009 in Vietnam]] [[Category:2009 in Cambodia]] [[Category:2009 in Thailand]] [[Category:2009 disasters in the Philippines]] [[Category:Typhoons in the Philippines]] [[Category:Typhoons]] [[Category:Retired Pacific typhoons]] [[Category:Retired Philippine typhoon names]] [[Category:Typhoons in China]] [[Category:Typhoons in Vietnam]] [[Category:Typhoons in Cambodia]] [[Category:Typhoons in Thailand]] [[Category:History of Metro Manila]]'