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'{{dablink|For other uses, see [[Oshkosh]].}} {{Infobox settlement | official_name = City of Oshkosh, Wisconsin | nickname = | motto = | image_skyline = WIMap-doton-Oshkosh.png | imagesize = 250px | image_caption = Location of Oshkosh, Wisconsin | image_flag = | image_seal = | image_map = | map_caption = | subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] | subdivision_name = [[United States]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Wisconsin]] | subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Wisconsin|Counties]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Winnebago County, Wisconsin|Winnebago]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | government_type = Council-Manager <ref>http://www.ci.oshkosh.wi.us/board_explanation/city_council.pdf</ref> | leader_title1 = [[Mayor]] | leader_name1 = Paul Esslinger | leader_title2 = [[City Manager]] | leader_name2 = Mark Rohloff | established_title = Settled | established_date = 1853 | established_title2 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] | established_date2 = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_km2 = | area_land_sq_mi = 24.4 | area_water_km2 = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | population_as_of = 2007 | population_note = | population_total = 64,592 | population_density_km2 = | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = 160,000 | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_mi2 = | timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]] | utc_offset = - | timezone_DST = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]] | utc_offset_DST = -5 | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_type = region:US_type:city | latd= |latm= |lats= |latNS=N | longd= |longm= |longs= |longEW=W | elevation_m = 241 | elevation_ft = 790 | postal_code_type = ZIP Code | postal_code = 54901-54904 | area_code = [[Area code 920|920]] | website = | footnotes = }} [[Image:AlgomaBlvdHistoricDistrictOshkoshWisconsin1.jpg|thumb|right|Houses in the Algoma Historic District]] [[Image:OshkoshWisconsinCityHall.jpg|thumb|right|City hall]] [[Image:OshkoshWisconsinDowntown.jpg|thumb|right|Downtown Oshkosh at [[U.S. Route 45]]]] [[Image:OshkoshPublicMuseum.jpg|thumb|right|[[Oshkosh Public Museum]]]] [[Image:FoxRiverMouthOshkosh.jpg|thumb|right|Mouth of the [[Fox River (Wisconsin)|Fox River]] into [[Lake Winnebago]].]] [[Image:UWOshkoshSign.jpg|thumb|right|[[University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh]]]] [[Image:WaterfestOshkosh.jpg|thumb|right|Waterfest crowd at the [[Leach Amphitheater]], June 2006]] [[Image:GrandOperaHouseOshkoshWisconsin.jpg|thumb|right|[[Grand Opera House (Oshkosh, Wisconsin)|Grand Opera House]].]] '''Oshkosh''' is a city in [[Winnebago County, Wisconsin|Winnebago County]], [[Wisconsin]], [[United States]], located where the [[Fox River (Wisconsin)|Fox River]] enters [[Lake Winnebago]]. The population was 62,916 at the [[United States Census, 2000|2000 census]]; it had a [[metropolitan area]] of 159,972 people. The city is located adjacent to and partially within the [[Oshkosh (town), Wisconsin|Town of Oshkosh]]. ==History== Oshkosh was named for [[Menominee]] [[Chief Oshkosh]], whose name meant "claw"<ref>http://www.menominee.nsn.us/History/History/HistoryPages/HistoryLeadersChiefOshkosh.htm</ref> (cf. [[Anishinaabe language|Ojibwe]] ''oshkanzh'', "the claw").<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.freelang.net/dictionary/ojibwe.html |title=Ojibwe Dictionary |publisher=Freelang |accessdate=2007-03-28}}</ref> Although the [[fur trade]] brought the first European settlers to the area as early as 1818, because the area was a frequent target of Native American attacks, it never became a major player in the fur trade. It was the establishment and growth of the [[lumber industry]] in the area that spurred development of Oshkosh. Oshkosh was incorporated as a city in 1853, although it had already been designated the [[county seat]], and had a population of nearly 2,800.<ref>[http://www.ci.oshkosh.wi.us/Landmarks_Commission/City_History.htm History of Oshkosh, Wisconsin]</ref> The lumber industry became well established as entrepreneurs took advantage of navigable [[waterway]]s to provide access to both markets and northern pineries. The 1859 arrival of [[railroad|rail transportation]] expanded the ability to meet the demands of a rapidly-growing [[construction]] market. By 1870, Oshkosh had become the third-largest city in [[Wisconsin]] with a population of over 12,000. The ''Oshkosh Daily Northwestern'' [[newspaper]] (now the [[Oshkosh Northwestern]]) was founded around this time. Around 1900 Oshkosh was home of the [[Gambrinus Brewing Co.|Oshkosh Brewing Company]], who coined the [[marketing]] slogan "By Gosh It's Good". Their Chief Oshkosh became a nationally distributed beer. ===Historic districts=== The lumber industry made the fortunes of area entrepreneurs and businessmen, who made significant contributions to the community, [[politics]] and [[philanthropy|philanthropic organizations]]. Availability of materials and [[capital (economics)|capital]], along with devastating downtown fires in the mid 1870s, created a range of well-designed buildings for residential, commercial, civic and religious use. The many structures which make up the city's historic areas are largely a result of the capital and materials generated by the lumber and associated wood manufacturing industries. Oshkosh had six historic districts as of March 2008. They include the Algoma Boulevard historic district, the Irving/Church historic district, the North Main Street historic district, the [[University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh#Historic places|Oshkosh State Normal School historic district]] on the University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh campus, the Paine Lumber Company historic district, and the Washington Avenue historic district. The city had 27 historic buildings as of March 2008. Eleven are houses, four are churches, and the remainder include schools, colleges, a bank, a fire house, an observatory, the county courthouse, and a cemetery where many of the entrepreneurs are buried. ==Geography== Oshkosh is located at {{coord|44|1|29|N|88|33|4|W|city}} (44.024983, -88.551336){{GR|1}}. According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 24.4&nbsp;[[square mile]]s (63.2&nbsp;[[km²]]), of which, 23.6&nbsp;square miles (61.2&nbsp;km²) of it is land and 0.8&nbsp;square miles (2.0&nbsp;km²) of it (3.20%) is water. == Transportation == {| class="wikitable" style="width:60%" |- | <center>[[Image:US 41.svg|25px]]</center> || [[U.S. Route 41|U.S. 41]] Northbound, US 41 routes to [[Appleton, Wisconsin|Appleton]]. Southbound, US 41 routes to [[Fond Du Lac, Wisconsin]] and [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]]. |- | <center>[[Image:WIS 26.svg|25px]]</center> || [[WIS 26]] Southbound, routes to [[Waupun, Wisconsin|Waupun]] and [[Madison, Wisconsin]]. |- | <center>[[Image:WIS 21.svg|25px]]</center> || [[WIS 21]] travels west to [[Wautoma, Wisconsin]] and north to [[Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin|Sturgeon Bay]], [[Two Rivers, Wisconsin|Two Rivers]] and [[Kewaunee, Wisconsin]]. |- | <center>[[Image:WIS 44.svg|25px]]</center> || [[WIS 44]] travels south to [[Ripon, Wisconsin]]. |- | <center>[[Image:US 45.svg|25px]]</center> || [[U.S. Route 45|US 45]] travels north to [[New London, Wisconsin]] and west via [[US 10]] to [[Stevens Point, Wisconsin]]. |} Oshkosh is also served by the Oshkosh Transit System, which runs 9 fixed-route bus routes throughout the city from 6:15 AM until 6:15 PM Monday through Saturday. One of these routes also connects Oshkosh with [[Neenah, Wisconsin]] and the Fox Cities' transit system, [[Valley Transit]]. ==Demographics== As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 62,916 people, 24,082 households, and 13,654 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 2,662.2 people per square mile (1,028.0/km²). There were 25,420 housing units at an average density of 1,075.6/sq&nbsp;mi (415.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.73% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 2.19% [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.52% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 3.03% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.03% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.53% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.98% from two or more races. 1.69% of the population were [[Hispanic]] or [[Latino]] of any race. 52.2% were of [[Germans|German]] and 6.3% [[Irish people|Irish]] ancestry according to [[Census 2000]]. There were 24,082 households out of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.3% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.95. In the city the population was spread out with 20.7% under the age of 18, 18.1% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 18.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 99.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.7 males. The median income for a household in the city was $37,636, and the median income for a family was $48,843. Males had a median income of $33,750 versus $24,154 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $18,964. About 5.2% of families and 10.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 8.6% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over. ==Business and industry== Oshkosh is probably best known for [[OshKosh B'Gosh]], a [[manufacturer]] of [[overall]]s and children's clothing founded in Oshkosh in 1895. Originally a small-town [[manufacturer]] of adult work clothing, it became best known for its children's lines. The original children's overalls, dating from the early twentieth century, were intended to help children dress like their fathers. According to the company, sales increased dramatically when [[Miles Kimball]], an Oshkosh-based [[mail-order]] catalog, featured a pair of the overalls in its national catalog. As a result, OshKosh B'Gosh began to sell their products through [[department store]]s and expanded their children's line. Despite the name, OshKosh B'Gosh overalls are no longer made in Oshkosh, though the company maintains [[corporation|corporate]] offices there. Oshkosh is also the home of [[EAA AirVenture Oshkosh]], "The World's Greatest Aviation Celebration" held by the [[Experimental Aircraft Association]], Inc. ("EAA"). AirVenture is the world's largest [[Oshkosh Airshow|airshow]], and during AirVenture, air traffic at [[Wittman Regional Airport]] exceeds that of any other airport in the world.<ref>[http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=246265 "EAA AirVenture takes flight for the future"], [[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]]</ref> EAA is a non-profit member organization, dedicated to [[homebuilt aircraft|home-built aircraft]], restored aircraft, and [[Light-sport Aircraft|light-sport aircraft]]. The [[Oshkosh Corporation]], one of the world's largest manufacturers of emergency, utility and military vehicles, is located in Oshkosh. There are two well known [[chocolate]] companies located in Oshkosh, Hughes and Oaks. Oshkosh is also home to the [[Winnebago Mental Health Institute]] located in nearby [[Winnebago, Wisconsin]]. ==Transportation== *[[Oshkosh Transit System]] ==Education== The [[University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh]], the third largest university in the state, is located in Oshkosh. Oshkosh has sixteen elementary schools, five middle schools, four high schools, and six charter schools. High schools in the [[Oshkosh Area School District]]: * [[Oshkosh North High School]] * [[Oshkosh West High School]] * [[Oshkosh East High School]] Private high schools: * [[Lourdes High School (Oshkosh, Wisconsin)|Lourdes High School]] * Valley Christian High School ==Public libraries== * [[Oshkosh Public Library]] serves Oshkosh. ==Culture and entertainment== Oshkosh has seen a recent (as of 2006) resurgence in its cultural and entertainment options. A downtown redevelopment plan led to the construction of the outdoor [[Leach Amphitheater]] on the Fox River, hosting the weekly Waterfest concert series<ref>[http://waterfest.org/ Waterfest website]</ref> during the summer, as well as national touring musical acts and local community events. Also in downtown Oshkosh is the [[Grand Opera House (Oshkosh, Wisconsin)|Grand Opera House]], a [[performing arts center]]. Downtown Gallery Walks, held every first Saturday of the month year-round, surged in attendance in comparison to previous years through the warmer months of 2006.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}} A number of downtown Oshkosh music venues have opened and existing venues have tended to expand their schedules, following the trend of the area at large. Long-running community festivals such as Sawdust Days<ref>[http://www.sawdustdays.com/ Sawdust Days website]</ref> in Menominee Park continue to be popular. Menominee Park is also the site of the Menominee Park Zoo and "Little Oshkosh", a community-built [[playground]]. Oshkosh is also home to "Country USA" featuring entertainment from dozens of country music acts over a five-day period in June. Other points of interest: * [[Paine Art Center and Gardens]] * [[Oshkosh Airshow]] * [[University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh]] * [[EAA AirVenture Museum]] * [http://www.oshkoshmuseum.org/ Oshkosh Public Museum] * [http://www.grandoperahouse.org/ Grand Opera House] * [http://www.mvmwisconsin.com/ Military Veterans Museum] * [http://www.morganhouse.org/ The Morgan House] ==Recreation== Oshkosh is the southern terminus of the [[Wiouwash State Trail]]. ==Notable people== * [[Melvin Baldwin]], U.S. Representative from [[Minnesota]] * [[Lee Baxandall]], founder of [[The Naturist Society]] * [[Marty Below]], member of the [[College Football Hall of Fame]] * [[Erin Boheme]], musician * [[Gabriel Bouck]], Wisconsin Attorney General * [[James H. Davidson]], U.S. Representative * [[James Edward Doyle (judge)|James Edward Doyle]], U.S. federal court judge * [[Rudy Gollomb]], [[NFL]] player * [[Michelle Grabner]], painter * [[Richard W. Guenther]], [[U.S. Representative]] * [[Lewis Hine]], photographer * [[Billy Hoeft]], major league baseball player * [[James Horwitz]], ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' writer and author of ''[[They Went Thataway]]'' * [[Frank B. Keefe]], U.S. Representative * [[Edmond Konrad]], [[U.S. Navy]] admiral * [[Howie Koplitz]], [[MLB]] player * [[Ken Krippene]], journalist * [[Carl Laemmle]], founder of [[Universal Studios]] * [[Florian Lampert]], U.S. Representative * Michael Lloyd, Baseball Player * [[Helen Farnsworth Mears]], sculptor * [[Lucas Miltiades Miller]], U.S. Representative * [[Reid F. Murray]], U.S. Representative * [[Alvin O'Konski]], U.S. Representative * [[Stevie Rachelle]], lead singer of [[Tuff]]. * [[Hornswoggle|Dylan Postl]], wrestler better known as Hornswoggle * [[Dutch Rennert]], Major League Baseball umpire * [[Philetus Sawyer]], politician * [[Greg Dean Schmitz]], film critic * [[Champ Seibold]], [[NFL]] player * [[Eber Simpson]], [[NFL]] player * [[Janet Dempsey Steiger]], politician * [[William A. Steiger]], [[U.S. Representative]] * [[Kathie Sullivan]], singer * [[Dave Tyriver]], [[MLB]] player * [[Gregg Underheim]], politician ===Fictional characters=== * Karl Kaufman, the second alter ego of comic book superhero [[Phantom Eagle]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons category|Oshkosh, Wisconsin}} {{Commons category|Registered Historic Places in Oshkosh, Wisconsin}} * [http://www.ci.oshkosh.wi.us City of Oshkosh] * [http://www.ci.oshkosh.wi.us/Transit/Transit.htm Oshkosh Transit System] * [http://www.oshkoshchamber.com Oshkosh Chamber of Commerce] * [http://www.oshkoshcvb.org Oshkosh Convention and Visitors Bureau] * [http://www.oshkoshpubliclibrary.org Oshkosh Public Library] * [http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.OshkoshAtlases Oshkosh and Winnebago County, Wisconsin - Atlases and Histories]: A digital resource documenting the history of this area, from the Oshkosh Public Library and presented by the University of Wisconsin Digital Collections Center. {{Oshkosh, Wisconsin}} {{Winnebago County, Wisconsin}} {{Wisconsin}} [[Category:Cities in Wisconsin]] [[Category:Winnebago County, Wisconsin]] [[Category:Oshkosh, Wisconsin|Oshkosh]] [[Category:County seats in Wisconsin]] [[bg:Ошкош]] [[de:Oshkosh (Wisconsin)]] [[fr:Oshkosh]] [[hi:औशकोश]] [[it:Oshkosh (Wisconsin)]] [[ht:Oshkosh, Wisconsin]] [[nl:Oshkosh (Wisconsin)]] [[pl:Oshkosh (Wisconsin)]] [[pt:Oshkosh (Wisconsin)]] [[sv:Oshkosh, Wisconsin]] [[vo:Oshkosh (Wisconsin)]]'