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Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name = Bartholin's cyst
| synonyms = Bartholinitis, Bartholin's duct cyst, Bartholin's abscess
| image = Barthonlincyst2011.png
| caption = Bartholin's cyst of the right side
| pronounce =
| field = [[Gynecology]]
| symptoms = Swelling of one side of the vagina, pain<ref name=Mer2018Pro/>
| complications = [[Abscess]]<ref name=Omole2003/>
| onset = Childbearing age<ref name=Omole2003/>
| duration =
| types =
| causes = Typically unknown<ref name=Mer2018Pro/>
| risks =
| diagnosis = Based on symptoms and examination<ref name=Mer2018Pro/>
| differential = [[Sebaceous cyst]], [[hernia]], [[hidradenitis suppurativa]], [[folliculitis]], [[vulvar cancer]]<ref name=Lee2015/><ref name=Fer2018/>
| prevention =
| treatment = Placement of a Word catheter, [[incision and drainage]], [[marsupialization]], [[sitz baths]]<ref name=Lee2015/><ref name=Mer2018Pro/>
| medication =
| prognosis =
| frequency = 2% of women<ref name=Omole2003/>
| deaths =
}}
<!-- Definition and symptoms -->
A '''Bartholin's cyst''' occurs when [[Bartholin's gland]], within the [[labia]], becomes blocked.<ref name=Mer2018Pro>{{cite web |title=Bartholin Gland Cysts |url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/benign-gynecologic-lesions/bartholin-gland-cysts |website=Merck Manuals Professional Edition |accessdate=12 September 2018}}</ref> Small cysts may result in few symptoms.<ref name=Mer2018Pro/> Large cysts may result in swelling of one side of the vagina, and [[pain with sex]] or walking.<ref name=Mer2018Pro/> If the cyst becomes infected an [[abscess]] occurs.<ref name=Omole2003>{{cite journal |last1=Omole |first1=Folashade |last2=Simmons |first2=Barbara J. |last3=Hacker Yolanda |title=Management of Bartholin's duct cyst and gland abscess |journal=American Family Physician |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=135–40 |year=2003 |pmid=12887119 |url=http://www.aafp.org/link_out?pmid=12887119 }}</ref> These are typically red and very painful.<ref name=Omole2003/>
<!-- Cause -->
The cause is typically unknown.<ref name=Mer2018Pro/> With an abscess, a bacterial infection has occurred, but it is not usually a [[sexually transmitted infection]] (STI).<ref name=Rosen2014Chp137>{{cite book|last=Marx|first=John A. Marx|title=Rosen's emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice|date=2014|publisher=Elsevier/Saunders|location=Philadelphia, PA|isbn=1455706051|pages=Chapter 137|edition=8th|chapter=Skin and Soft Tissue Infections}}</ref> Rarely [[gonorrhea]] may be involved.<ref name=Mer2018Pro/><ref name=Fer2018>{{cite book |last1=Ferri |first1=Fred |title=Ferri's clinical advisor 2018 : 5 books in 1 |date=2017 |publisher=Elsevier Canada |isbn=978-0323280495 |page=175}}</ref> Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and [[physical examination|examination]].<ref name=Mer2018Pro/> In those over the age of 40, a [[tissue biopsy]] is recommended to rule out [[cancer]].<ref name=Lee2015>{{cite journal|last1=Lee|first1=MY|last2=Dalpiaz|first2=A|last3=Schwamb|first3=R|last4=Miao|first4=Y|last5=Waltzer|first5=W|last6=Khan|first6=A|title=Clinical Pathology of Bartholin's Glands: A Review of the Literature.|journal=Current Urology|date=May 2015|volume=8|issue=1|pages=22–5|doi=10.1159/000365683|pmid=26195958|pmc=4483306}}</ref><ref name=Mer2018Pro/>
<!-- Treatment -->
If there are no symptoms, no treatment is typically needed.<ref name=Omole2003/><ref name=Mer2018Pro/> In those with symptoms, drainage is recommended.<ref name=Omole2003/> The preferred method is the insertion of a [[Word catheter]] for four weeks, as recurrence following simple [[incision and drainage]] is common.<ref name=Omole2003/><ref name=Lee2015/> A surgical procedure known as [[marsupialization]] may be used or, if the problems persist, the entire gland may be removed.<ref name=Omole2003/> Removal is sometimes recommended in those older than 40 to ensure cancer is not present.<ref name=Omole2003/> [[Antibiotics]] are not generally needed.<ref name=Omole2003/>
<!-- Epidemiology -->
Bartholin's cysts affect about two percent of women at some point in their life.<ref name=Omole2003/> They most commonly occur during the childbearing years.<ref name=Omole2003/> The disease is named after [[Caspar Bartholin the Younger|Caspar Bartholin]] who accurately described the glands in 1677.<ref name=Kn2012>{{cite book |last1=Knaus |first1=John V. |last2=Isaacs |first2=John H. |title=Office Gynecology: Advanced Management Concepts |date=2012 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=9781461243403 |page=266 |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=dgnpBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA266 |language=en}}</ref> The underlying mechanism of the disease was determined in 1967 by Buford Word.<ref name=Kn2012/><ref>{{cite book |title=Williams Gynecology |date=2012 |publisher=McGraw Hill Professional |isbn=9780071804653 |page=1063 |edition=2}}</ref>
==Signs and symptoms==
Most Bartholin's cysts do not cause any symptoms, although some may cause pain during walking, sitting,<ref name=Omole2003/> or sexual intercourse ([[dyspareunia]]).<ref name=Eilber2003 /> They are usually between 1 and 4 cm, and are located just medial to the [[labia minora]]. Most Bartholin's cysts only affect the left ''or'' the right side ([[unilateral]]). Small cysts are usually not painful, but very large cysts can cause significant pain.
==Pathophysiology==
A Bartholin's gland cyst develops when the duct that drains the gland becomes blocked.<ref name=Eilber2003>{{cite journal|last=Eilber|first=Karyn Schlunt|author2=Raz, Shlomo|title=Benign Cystic Lesions of the Vagina: A Literature Review|journal=The Journal of Urology|date=September 2003|volume=170|issue=3|pages=717–722|doi=10.1097/01.ju.0000062543.99821.a2|pmid=12913681}}</ref> Blockage may be caused by an infection or a mucus plug.<ref name=Eilber2003 /> The secretions from the Bartholin's gland are retained, forming a cyst.<ref name=Omole2003/>
==Diagnosis==
Other conditions that may present similarly include [[hidradenoma papilliferum]], [[lipoma]]s, [[epidermoid cysts]] and [[Skene's duct cyst]]s among others.<ref name=Omole2003/> In those who are more than 40 years of age a [[biopsy]] may be recommended to ensure cancer is not present.<ref name=Omole2003/>
==Treatment==
Treatment may not be necessary when Bartholin's cysts cause no symptoms. Small, asymptomatic cysts can be observed over time to assess their development. In cases that require intervention, a catheter may be placed to drain the cyst, or the cyst may be surgically opened to create a permanent pouch (marsupialization). Intervention has a success rate of 85%, regardless of the method used, for the achievement of absence of swelling and discomfort and the appearance of a freely draining duct.<ref>[http://bestpractice.bmj.com/best-practice/monograph/1060/treatment/step-by-step.html Bartholin's cyst] from BestPractice, BMJ Publishing Group. Last updated: Apr 26, 2013</ref>
Catheterization is a minor procedure that can be performed in an office setting. A small tube with a balloon on the end (known as a Word catheter) may be inserted into the cyst.<ref name=Omole2003/> The balloon is then inflated to keep it in place. The catheter stays in place for 2 to 4 weeks, draining the fluid and causing a normal gland opening to form, after which the catheter is removed{{Citation needed|date=October 2019}}. The catheters do not generally impede normal activity, but sexual intercourse is generally abstained from while the catheter is in place{{Citation needed|date=October 2019}}.
Cysts may also be opened permanently, a procedure called [[marsupialization]],<ref name="pmid17355304">{{cite journal |vauthors=Haider Z, Condous G, Kirk E, Mukri F, Bourne T |title=The simple outpatient management of Bartholin's abscess using the Word catheter: a preliminary study |journal=Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=137–140 |date=April 2007 |pmid=17355304 |doi=10.1111/j.1479-828X.2007.00700.x }}</ref> in which an opening to the gland is formed with stitches to hold the secretion channel open.
If a cyst is infected, it may break open and start to heal on its own after 3 to 4 days. Nonprescription pain medication such as [[ibuprofen]] relieves pain, and a [[sitz bath]] may increase comfort. Warm compresses can speed healing. If a Bartholin gland abscess comes back several times, the gland and duct can be surgically removed.
==Prognosis==
While Bartholin cysts can be quite painful, they are not life-threatening. New cysts cannot absolutely be prevented from forming, but [[surgery|surgical]] or [[laser surgery|laser]] removal of a cyst makes it less likely that a new one will form at the same site. Those with a cyst are more likely than those without a cyst to get one in the future. They can recur every few years or more frequently. Many women who have marsupialization done find that the recurrences may slow, but do not actually stop.
==Epidemiology==
Two percent of women will have a Bartholin's gland cyst at some point in their lives.<ref name=Omole2003/> They occur at a rate of 0.55 per 1000 person-years and in women aged 35–50 years at a rate of 1.21 per 1000 person-years.<ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last1=Yuk |first1=Jin-Sung |last2=Kim |first2=Yong-Jin |last3=Hur |first3=Jun-Young |last4=Shin |first4=Jung-Ho |title=Incidence of Bartholin duct cysts and abscesses in the Republic of Korea |journal=International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics |volume=122 |issue=1 |pages=62–4 |year=2013 |pmid=23618035 |doi=10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.02.014 }}</ref> The incidence of Bartholin duct cysts increases with age until [[menopause]], and decreases thereafter.<ref name=":1" /> Hispanic women may be more often affected than white women and black women.<ref name=Omole2003/> The risk of developing a Bartholin's gland cyst increases with the number of childbirths.<ref name=Omole2003/>
==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Medical resources
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|N|75|0|N|70}}
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|616.2}}
| ICDO =
| OMIM =
| MedlinePlus = 001489
| MeSH =
| GeneReviewsNBK =
| GeneReviewsName =
}}
{{Diseases of the pelvis and genitals}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bartholin's Cyst}}
[[Category:Inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs]]
[[Category:RTT]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name = Bartholin's cyst
| synonyms = Bartholinitis, Bartholin's duct cyst, Bartholin's abscess
| image =
| caption = Bartholin's cyst of the right side
| pronounce =
| field = [[Gynecology]]
| symptoms = Swelling of one side of the vagina, pain<ref name=Mer2018Pro/>
| complications = [[Abscess]]<ref name=Omole2003/>
| onset = Childbearing age<ref name=Omole2003/>
| duration =
| types =
| causes = Typically unknown<ref name=Mer2018Pro/>
| risks =
| diagnosis = Based on symptoms and examination<ref name=Mer2018Pro/>
| differential = [[Sebaceous cyst]], [[hernia]], [[hidradenitis suppurativa]], [[folliculitis]], [[vulvar cancer]]<ref name=Lee2015/><ref name=Fer2018/>
| prevention =
| treatment = Placement of a Word catheter, [[incision and drainage]], [[marsupialization]], [[sitz baths]]<ref name=Lee2015/><ref name=Mer2018Pro/>
| medication =
| prognosis =
| frequency = 2% of women<ref name=Omole2003/>
| deaths =
}}
<!-- Definition and symptoms -->
A '''Bartholin's cyst''' occurs when [[Bartholin's gland]], within the [[labia]], becomes blocked.<ref name=Mer2018Pro>{{cite web |title=Bartholin Gland Cysts |url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/benign-gynecologic-lesions/bartholin-gland-cysts |website=Merck Manuals Professional Edition |accessdate=12 September 2018}}</ref> Small cysts may result in few symptoms.<ref name=Mer2018Pro/> Large cysts may result in swelling of one side of the vagina, and [[pain with sex]] or walking.<ref name=Mer2018Pro/> If the cyst becomes infected an [[abscess]] occurs.<ref name=Omole2003>{{cite journal |last1=Omole |first1=Folashade |last2=Simmons |first2=Barbara J. |last3=Hacker Yolanda |title=Management of Bartholin's duct cyst and gland abscess |journal=American Family Physician |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=135–40 |year=2003 |pmid=12887119 |url=http://www.aafp.org/link_out?pmid=12887119 }}</ref> These are typically red and very painful.<ref name=Omole2003/>
<!-- Cause -->
The cause is typically unknown.<ref name=Mer2018Pro/> With an abscess, a bacterial infection has occurred, but it is not usually a [[sexually transmitted infection]] (STI).<ref name=Rosen2014Chp137>{{cite book|last=Marx|first=John A. Marx|title=Rosen's emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice|date=2014|publisher=Elsevier/Saunders|location=Philadelphia, PA|isbn=1455706051|pages=Chapter 137|edition=8th|chapter=Skin and Soft Tissue Infections}}</ref> Rarely [[gonorrhea]] may be involved.<ref name=Mer2018Pro/><ref name=Fer2018>{{cite book |last1=Ferri |first1=Fred |title=Ferri's clinical advisor 2018 : 5 books in 1 |date=2017 |publisher=Elsevier Canada |isbn=978-0323280495 |page=175}}</ref> Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and [[physical examination|examination]].<ref name=Mer2018Pro/> In those over the age of 40, a [[tissue biopsy]] is recommended to rule out [[cancer]].<ref name=Lee2015>{{cite journal|last1=Lee|first1=MY|last2=Dalpiaz|first2=A|last3=Schwamb|first3=R|last4=Miao|first4=Y|last5=Waltzer|first5=W|last6=Khan|first6=A|title=Clinical Pathology of Bartholin's Glands: A Review of the Literature.|journal=Current Urology|date=May 2015|volume=8|issue=1|pages=22–5|doi=10.1159/000365683|pmid=26195958|pmc=4483306}}</ref><ref name=Mer2018Pro/>
<!-- Treatment -->
If there are no symptoms, no treatment is typically needed.<ref name=Omole2003/><ref name=Mer2018Pro/> In those with symptoms, drainage is recommended.<ref name=Omole2003/> The preferred method is the insertion of a [[Word catheter]] for four weeks, as recurrence following simple [[incision and drainage]] is common.<ref name=Omole2003/><ref name=Lee2015/> A surgical procedure known as [[marsupialization]] may be used or, if the problems persist, the entire gland may be removed.<ref name=Omole2003/> Removal is sometimes recommended in those older than 40 to ensure cancer is not present.<ref name=Omole2003/> [[Antibiotics]] are not generally needed.<ref name=Omole2003/>
<!-- Epidemiology -->
Bartholin's cysts affect about two percent of women at some point in their life.<ref name=Omole2003/> They most commonly occur during the childbearing years.<ref name=Omole2003/> The disease is named after [[Caspar Bartholin the Younger|Caspar Bartholin]] who accurately described the glands in 1677.<ref name=Kn2012>{{cite book |last1=Knaus |first1=John V. |last2=Isaacs |first2=John H. |title=Office Gynecology: Advanced Management Concepts |date=2012 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=9781461243403 |page=266 |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=dgnpBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA266 |language=en}}</ref> The underlying mechanism of the disease was determined in 1967 by Buford Word.<ref name=Kn2012/><ref>{{cite book |title=Williams Gynecology |date=2012 |publisher=McGraw Hill Professional |isbn=9780071804653 |page=1063 |edition=2}}</ref>
==Signs and symptoms==
Most Bartholin's cysts do not cause any symptoms, although some may cause pain during walking, sitting,<ref name=Omole2003/> or sexual intercourse ([[dyspareunia]]).<ref name=Eilber2003 /> They are usually between 1 and 4 cm, and are located just medial to the [[labia minora]]. Most Bartholin's cysts only affect the left ''or'' the right side ([[unilateral]]). Small cysts are usually not painful, but very large cysts can cause significant pain.
==Pathophysiology==
A Bartholin's gland cyst develops when the duct that drains the gland becomes blocked.<ref name=Eilber2003>{{cite journal|last=Eilber|first=Karyn Schlunt|author2=Raz, Shlomo|title=Benign Cystic Lesions of the Vagina: A Literature Review|journal=The Journal of Urology|date=September 2003|volume=170|issue=3|pages=717–722|doi=10.1097/01.ju.0000062543.99821.a2|pmid=12913681}}</ref> Blockage may be caused by an infection or a mucus plug.<ref name=Eilber2003 /> The secretions from the Bartholin's gland are retained, forming a cyst.<ref name=Omole2003/>
==Diagnosis==
Other conditions that may present similarly include [[hidradenoma papilliferum]], [[lipoma]]s, [[epidermoid cysts]] and [[Skene's duct cyst]]s among others.<ref name=Omole2003/> In those who are more than 40 years of age a [[biopsy]] may be recommended to ensure cancer is not present.<ref name=Omole2003/>
==Treatment==
Treatment may not be necessary when Bartholin's cysts cause no symptoms. Small, asymptomatic cysts can be observed over time to assess their development. In cases that require intervention, a catheter may be placed to drain the cyst, or the cyst may be surgically opened to create a permanent pouch (marsupialization). Intervention has a success rate of 85%, regardless of the method used, for the achievement of absence of swelling and discomfort and the appearance of a freely draining duct.<ref>[http://bestpractice.bmj.com/best-practice/monograph/1060/treatment/step-by-step.html Bartholin's cyst] from BestPractice, BMJ Publishing Group. Last updated: Apr 26, 2013</ref>
Catheterization is a minor procedure that can be performed in an office setting. A small tube with a balloon on the end (known as a Word catheter) may be inserted into the cyst.<ref name=Omole2003/> The balloon is then inflated to keep it in place. The catheter stays in place for 2 to 4 weeks, draining the fluid and causing a normal gland opening to form, after which the catheter is removed{{Citation needed|date=October 2019}}. The catheters do not generally impede normal activity, but sexual intercourse is generally abstained from while the catheter is in place{{Citation needed|date=October 2019}}.
Cysts may also be opened permanently, a procedure called [[marsupialization]],<ref name="pmid17355304">{{cite journal |vauthors=Haider Z, Condous G, Kirk E, Mukri F, Bourne T |title=The simple outpatient management of Bartholin's abscess using the Word catheter: a preliminary study |journal=Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=137–140 |date=April 2007 |pmid=17355304 |doi=10.1111/j.1479-828X.2007.00700.x }}</ref> in which an opening to the gland is formed with stitches to hold the secretion channel open.
If a cyst is infected, it may break open and start to heal on its own after 3 to 4 days. Nonprescription pain medication such as [[ibuprofen]] relieves pain, and a [[sitz bath]] may increase comfort. Warm compresses can speed healing. If a Bartholin gland abscess comes back several times, the gland and duct can be surgically removed.
==Prognosis==
While Bartholin cysts can be quite painful, they are not life-threatening. New cysts cannot absolutely be prevented from forming, but [[surgery|surgical]] or [[laser surgery|laser]] removal of a cyst makes it less likely that a new one will form at the same site. Those with a cyst are more likely than those without a cyst to get one in the future. They can recur every few years or more frequently. Many women who have marsupialization done find that the recurrences may slow, but do not actually stop.
==Epidemiology==
Two percent of women will have a Bartholin's gland cyst at some point in their lives.<ref name=Omole2003/> They occur at a rate of 0.55 per 1000 person-years and in women aged 35–50 years at a rate of 1.21 per 1000 person-years.<ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last1=Yuk |first1=Jin-Sung |last2=Kim |first2=Yong-Jin |last3=Hur |first3=Jun-Young |last4=Shin |first4=Jung-Ho |title=Incidence of Bartholin duct cysts and abscesses in the Republic of Korea |journal=International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics |volume=122 |issue=1 |pages=62–4 |year=2013 |pmid=23618035 |doi=10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.02.014 }}</ref> The incidence of Bartholin duct cysts increases with age until [[menopause]], and decreases thereafter.<ref name=":1" /> Hispanic women may be more often affected than white women and black women.<ref name=Omole2003/> The risk of developing a Bartholin's gland cyst increases with the number of childbirths.<ref name=Omole2003/>
==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Medical resources
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|N|75|0|N|70}}
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|616.2}}
| ICDO =
| OMIM =
| MedlinePlus = 001489
| MeSH =
| GeneReviewsNBK =
| GeneReviewsName =
}}
{{Diseases of the pelvis and genitals}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bartholin's Cyst}}
[[Category:Inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs]]
[[Category:RTT]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
| name = Bartholin's cyst
| synonyms = Bartholinitis, Bartholin's duct cyst, Bartholin's abscess
-| image = Barthonlincyst2011.png
+| image =
| caption = Bartholin's cyst of the right side
| pronounce =
' |
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26 => 'https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001489.htm'
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-parser-output"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background:#ccc">Bartholin's cyst</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Other names</th><td>Bartholinitis, Bartholin's duct cyst, Bartholin's abscess</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Specialty_(medicine)" title="Specialty (medicine)">Specialty</a></th><td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gynecology" class="mw-redirect" title="Gynecology">Gynecology</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Symptoms</th><td>Swelling of one side of the vagina, pain<sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Complication_(medicine)" title="Complication (medicine)">Complications</a></th><td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Abscess" title="Abscess">Abscess</a><sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Usual onset</th><td>Childbearing age<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Causes</th><td>Typically unknown<sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diagnostic_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Diagnostic method">Diagnostic method</a></th><td>Based on symptoms and examination<sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Differential_diagnosis" title="Differential diagnosis">Differential diagnosis</a></th><td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sebaceous_cyst" title="Sebaceous cyst">Sebaceous cyst</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hernia" title="Hernia">hernia</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hidradenitis_suppurativa" title="Hidradenitis suppurativa">hidradenitis suppurativa</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Folliculitis" title="Folliculitis">folliculitis</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vulvar_cancer" title="Vulvar cancer">vulvar cancer</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lee2015_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lee2015-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fer2018_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fer2018-4">[4]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Treatment</th><td>Placement of a Word catheter, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Incision_and_drainage" title="Incision and drainage">incision and drainage</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marsupialization" title="Marsupialization">marsupialization</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sitz_baths" class="mw-redirect" title="Sitz baths">sitz baths</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lee2015_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lee2015-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Frequency</th><td>2% of women<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>A <b>Bartholin's cyst</b> occurs when <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bartholin%27s_gland" title="Bartholin's gland">Bartholin's gland</a>, within the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Labia" title="Labia">labia</a>, becomes blocked.<sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup> Small cysts may result in few symptoms.<sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup> Large cysts may result in swelling of one side of the vagina, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pain_with_sex" class="mw-redirect" title="Pain with sex">pain with sex</a> or walking.<sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup> If the cyst becomes infected an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Abscess" title="Abscess">abscess</a> occurs.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> These are typically red and very painful.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p><p>The cause is typically unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup> With an abscess, a bacterial infection has occurred, but it is not usually a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">sexually transmitted infection</a> (STI).<sup id="cite_ref-Rosen2014Chp137_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rosen2014Chp137-5">[5]</a></sup> Rarely <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gonorrhea" title="Gonorrhea">gonorrhea</a> may be involved.<sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fer2018_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fer2018-4">[4]</a></sup> Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Physical_examination" title="Physical examination">examination</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup> In those over the age of 40, a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tissue_biopsy" class="mw-redirect" title="Tissue biopsy">tissue biopsy</a> is recommended to rule out <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lee2015_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lee2015-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup>
</p><p>If there are no symptoms, no treatment is typically needed.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mer2018Pro_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mer2018Pro-1">[1]</a></sup> In those with symptoms, drainage is recommended.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> The preferred method is the insertion of a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Word_catheter" title="Word catheter">Word catheter</a> for four weeks, as recurrence following simple <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Incision_and_drainage" title="Incision and drainage">incision and drainage</a> is common.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lee2015_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lee2015-3">[3]</a></sup> A surgical procedure known as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marsupialization" title="Marsupialization">marsupialization</a> may be used or, if the problems persist, the entire gland may be removed.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> Removal is sometimes recommended in those older than 40 to ensure cancer is not present.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antibiotics" class="mw-redirect" title="Antibiotics">Antibiotics</a> are not generally needed.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p><p>Bartholin's cysts affect about two percent of women at some point in their life.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> They most commonly occur during the childbearing years.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> The disease is named after <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Caspar_Bartholin_the_Younger" title="Caspar Bartholin the Younger">Caspar Bartholin</a> who accurately described the glands in 1677.<sup id="cite_ref-Kn2012_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kn2012-6">[6]</a></sup> The underlying mechanism of the disease was determined in 1967 by Buford Word.<sup id="cite_ref-Kn2012_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kn2012-6">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup>
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Signs_and_symptoms"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Signs and symptoms</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Pathophysiology"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Pathophysiology</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Diagnosis"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Diagnosis</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Treatment"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Treatment</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Prognosis"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Prognosis</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Epidemiology"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Epidemiology</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Signs_and_symptoms">Signs and symptoms</span></h2>
<p>Most Bartholin's cysts do not cause any symptoms, although some may cause pain during walking, sitting,<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> or sexual intercourse (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dyspareunia" title="Dyspareunia">dyspareunia</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Eilber2003_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eilber2003-8">[8]</a></sup> They are usually between 1 and 4 cm, and are located just medial to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Labia_minora" title="Labia minora">labia minora</a>. Most Bartholin's cysts only affect the left <i>or</i> the right side (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Unilateral" class="mw-redirect" title="Unilateral">unilateral</a>). Small cysts are usually not painful, but very large cysts can cause significant pain.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Pathophysiology">Pathophysiology</span></h2>
<p>A Bartholin's gland cyst develops when the duct that drains the gland becomes blocked.<sup id="cite_ref-Eilber2003_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eilber2003-8">[8]</a></sup> Blockage may be caused by an infection or a mucus plug.<sup id="cite_ref-Eilber2003_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eilber2003-8">[8]</a></sup> The secretions from the Bartholin's gland are retained, forming a cyst.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Diagnosis">Diagnosis</span></h2>
<p>Other conditions that may present similarly include <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hidradenoma_papilliferum" class="mw-redirect" title="Hidradenoma papilliferum">hidradenoma papilliferum</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lipoma" title="Lipoma">lipomas</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Epidermoid_cysts" class="mw-redirect" title="Epidermoid cysts">epidermoid cysts</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Skene%27s_duct_cyst" class="mw-redirect" title="Skene's duct cyst">Skene's duct cysts</a> among others.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> In those who are more than 40 years of age a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biopsy" title="Biopsy">biopsy</a> may be recommended to ensure cancer is not present.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Treatment">Treatment</span></h2>
<p>Treatment may not be necessary when Bartholin's cysts cause no symptoms. Small, asymptomatic cysts can be observed over time to assess their development. In cases that require intervention, a catheter may be placed to drain the cyst, or the cyst may be surgically opened to create a permanent pouch (marsupialization). Intervention has a success rate of 85%, regardless of the method used, for the achievement of absence of swelling and discomfort and the appearance of a freely draining duct.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup>
</p><p>Catheterization is a minor procedure that can be performed in an office setting. A small tube with a balloon on the end (known as a Word catheter) may be inserted into the cyst.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> The balloon is then inflated to keep it in place. The catheter stays in place for 2 to 4 weeks, draining the fluid and causing a normal gland opening to form, after which the catheter is removed<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. The catheters do not generally impede normal activity, but sexual intercourse is generally abstained from while the catheter is in place<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.
</p><p>Cysts may also be opened permanently, a procedure called <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marsupialization" title="Marsupialization">marsupialization</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17355304_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17355304-10">[10]</a></sup> in which an opening to the gland is formed with stitches to hold the secretion channel open.
</p><p>If a cyst is infected, it may break open and start to heal on its own after 3 to 4 days. Nonprescription pain medication such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ibuprofen" title="Ibuprofen">ibuprofen</a> relieves pain, and a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sitz_bath" title="Sitz bath">sitz bath</a> may increase comfort. Warm compresses can speed healing. If a Bartholin gland abscess comes back several times, the gland and duct can be surgically removed.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Prognosis">Prognosis</span></h2>
<p>While Bartholin cysts can be quite painful, they are not life-threatening. New cysts cannot absolutely be prevented from forming, but <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Surgery" title="Surgery">surgical</a> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Laser_surgery" title="Laser surgery">laser</a> removal of a cyst makes it less likely that a new one will form at the same site. Those with a cyst are more likely than those without a cyst to get one in the future. They can recur every few years or more frequently. Many women who have marsupialization done find that the recurrences may slow, but do not actually stop.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Epidemiology">Epidemiology</span></h2>
<p>Two percent of women will have a Bartholin's gland cyst at some point in their lives.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> They occur at a rate of 0.55 per 1000 person-years and in women aged 35–50 years at a rate of 1.21 per 1000 person-years.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11">[11]</a></sup> The incidence of Bartholin duct cysts increases with age until <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Menopause" title="Menopause">menopause</a>, and decreases thereafter.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11">[11]</a></sup> Hispanic women may be more often affected than white women and black women.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup> The risk of developing a Bartholin's gland cyst increases with the number of childbirths.<sup id="cite_ref-Omole2003_2-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omole2003-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h2>
<div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
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<li id="cite_note-Omole2003-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omole2003_2-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Omole, Folashade; Simmons, Barbara J.; Hacker Yolanda (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aafp.org/link_out?pmid=12887119">"Management of Bartholin's duct cyst and gland abscess"</a>. <i>American Family Physician</i>. <b>68</b> (1): 135–40. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12887119">12887119</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Family+Physician&rft.atitle=Management+of+Bartholin%27s+duct+cyst+and+gland+abscess&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=135-40&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12887119&rft.aulast=Omole&rft.aufirst=Folashade&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Barbara+J.&rft.au=Hacker+Yolanda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aafp.org%2Flink_out%3Fpmid%3D12887119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABartholin%27s+cyst" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Lee2015-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lee2015_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lee2015_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lee2015_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lee2015_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Lee, MY; Dalpiaz, A; Schwamb, R; Miao, Y; Waltzer, W; Khan, A (May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4483306">"Clinical Pathology of Bartholin's Glands: A Review of the Literature"</a>. <i>Current Urology</i>. <b>8</b> (1): 22–5. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000365683">10.1159/000365683</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4483306">4483306</a></span>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26195958">26195958</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Urology&rft.atitle=Clinical+Pathology+of+Bartholin%27s+Glands%3A+A+Review+of+the+Literature.&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=22-5&rft.date=2015-05&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4483306&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26195958&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1159%2F000365683&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=MY&rft.au=Dalpiaz%2C+A&rft.au=Schwamb%2C+R&rft.au=Miao%2C+Y&rft.au=Waltzer%2C+W&rft.au=Khan%2C+A&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4483306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABartholin%27s+cyst" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Fer2018-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fer2018_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fer2018_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ferri, Fred (2017). <i>Ferri's clinical advisor 2018 : 5 books in 1</i>. Elsevier Canada. p. 175. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0323280495" title="Special:BookSources/978-0323280495"><bdi>978-0323280495</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ferri%27s+clinical+advisor+2018+%3A+5+books+in+1&rft.pages=175&rft.pub=Elsevier+Canada&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0323280495&rft.aulast=Ferri&rft.aufirst=Fred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABartholin%27s+cyst" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Rosen2014Chp137-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rosen2014Chp137_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Marx, John A. Marx (2014). "Skin and Soft Tissue Infections". <i>Rosen's emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice</i> (8th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. pp. Chapter 137. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/1455706051" title="Special:BookSources/1455706051"><bdi>1455706051</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Skin+and+Soft+Tissue+Infections&rft.btitle=Rosen%27s+emergency+medicine+%3A+concepts+and+clinical+practice&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+PA&rft.pages=Chapter+137&rft.edition=8th&rft.pub=Elsevier%2FSaunders&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=1455706051&rft.aulast=Marx&rft.aufirst=John+A.+Marx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABartholin%27s+cyst" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Kn2012-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kn2012_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kn2012_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Knaus, John V.; Isaacs, John H. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.ca/books?id=dgnpBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA266"><i>Office Gynecology: Advanced Management Concepts</i></a>. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 266. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781461243403" title="Special:BookSources/9781461243403"><bdi>9781461243403</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Office+Gynecology%3A+Advanced+Management+Concepts&rft.pages=266&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781461243403&rft.aulast=Knaus&rft.aufirst=John+V.&rft.au=Isaacs%2C+John+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdgnpBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA266&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABartholin%27s+cyst" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Williams Gynecology</i> (2 ed.). McGraw Hill Professional. 2012. p. 1063. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780071804653" title="Special:BookSources/9780071804653"><bdi>9780071804653</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Williams+Gynecology&rft.pages=1063&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=McGraw+Hill+Professional&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780071804653&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABartholin%27s+cyst" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Eilber2003-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Eilber2003_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eilber2003_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eilber2003_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Eilber, Karyn Schlunt; Raz, Shlomo (September 2003). "Benign Cystic Lesions of the Vagina: A Literature Review". <i>The Journal of Urology</i>. <b>170</b> (3): 717–722. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2F01.ju.0000062543.99821.a2">10.1097/01.ju.0000062543.99821.a2</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12913681">12913681</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Urology&rft.atitle=Benign+Cystic+Lesions+of+the+Vagina%3A+A+Literature+Review&rft.volume=170&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=717-722&rft.date=2003-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1097%2F01.ju.0000062543.99821.a2&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12913681&rft.aulast=Eilber&rft.aufirst=Karyn+Schlunt&rft.au=Raz%2C+Shlomo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABartholin%27s+cyst" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bestpractice.bmj.com/best-practice/monograph/1060/treatment/step-by-step.html">Bartholin's cyst</a> from BestPractice, BMJ Publishing Group. Last updated: Apr 26, 2013</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-pmid17355304-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid17355304_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Haider Z, Condous G, Kirk E, Mukri F, Bourne T (April 2007). "The simple outpatient management of Bartholin's abscess using the Word catheter: a preliminary study". <i>Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol</i>. <b>47</b> (2): 137–140. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1479-828X.2007.00700.x">10.1111/j.1479-828X.2007.00700.x</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17355304">17355304</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aust+N+Z+J+Obstet+Gynaecol&rft.atitle=The+simple+outpatient+management+of+Bartholin%27s+abscess+using+the+Word+catheter%3A+a+preliminary+study&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=137-140&rft.date=2007-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1479-828X.2007.00700.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17355304&rft.aulast=Haider&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.au=Condous%2C+G&rft.au=Kirk%2C+E&rft.au=Mukri%2C+F&rft.au=Bourne%2C+T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABartholin%27s+cyst" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Yuk, Jin-Sung; Kim, Yong-Jin; Hur, Jun-Young; Shin, Jung-Ho (2013). "Incidence of Bartholin duct cysts and abscesses in the Republic of Korea". <i>International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics</i>. <b>122</b> (1): 62–4. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ijgo.2013.02.014">10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.02.014</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23618035">23618035</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Gynecology+%26+Obstetrics&rft.atitle=Incidence+of+Bartholin+duct+cysts+and+abscesses+in+the+Republic+of+Korea&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=62-4&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ijgo.2013.02.014&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23618035&rft.aulast=Yuk&rft.aufirst=Jin-Sung&rft.au=Kim%2C+Yong-Jin&rft.au=Hur%2C+Jun-Young&rft.au=Shin%2C+Jung-Ho&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABartholin%27s+cyst" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608"/></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2>
<table class="infobox" style="width:22em;width:100%; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row">Classification</th><td style="text-align:left;"><div style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:0.8em;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574406" class="extiw" title="d:Q574406">D</a></div><div class="hlist hlist-separated" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/enwiki/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/N75.0">N75.0</a></li><li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes" title="List of ICD-9 codes">9-CM</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=616.2">616.2</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">External resources</th><td style="text-align:left;"><div class="hlist hlist-separated" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001489.htm">001489</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Female_diseases_of_the_pelvis_and_genitals_(N70–N99,_614–629)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Female_diseases_of_the_pelvis_and_genitals" title="Template:Female diseases of the pelvis and genitals"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Female_diseases_of_the_pelvis_and_genitals" title="Template talk:Female diseases of the pelvis and genitals"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Female_diseases_of_the_pelvis_and_genitals&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Female_diseases_of_the_pelvis_and_genitals_(N70–N99,_614–629)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Female_genital_disease" title="Female genital disease">Female diseases</a> of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Human_pelvis" class="mw-redirect" title="Human pelvis">pelvis</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sex_organ" title="Sex organ">genitals</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/ICD-10_Chapter_XIV:_Diseases_of_the_genitourinary_system#(N70–N77)_Inflammatory_diseases_of_female_pelvic_organs" title="ICD-10 Chapter XIV: Diseases of the genitourinary system">N70–N99</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes_580%E2%80%93629:_diseases_of_the_genitourinary_system#Inflammatory_disease_of_female_pelvic_organs_(614–616)" title="List of ICD-9 codes 580–629: diseases of the genitourinary system">614–629</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Internal</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Adnexa" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adnexa_of_uterus" class="mw-redirect" title="Adnexa of uterus">Adnexa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ovarian_disease" title="Ovarian disease">Ovary</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Endometriosis_of_ovary" class="mw-redirect" title="Endometriosis of ovary">Endometriosis of ovary</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Female_infertility" title="Female infertility">Female infertility</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anovulation" title="Anovulation">Anovulation</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Poor_ovarian_reserve" title="Poor ovarian reserve">Poor ovarian reserve</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mittelschmerz" title="Mittelschmerz">Mittelschmerz</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oophoritis" title="Oophoritis">Oophoritis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ovarian_apoplexy" title="Ovarian apoplexy">Ovarian apoplexy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ovarian_cyst" title="Ovarian cyst">Ovarian cyst</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Corpus_luteum_cyst" title="Corpus luteum cyst">Corpus luteum cyst</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Follicular_cyst_of_ovary" title="Follicular cyst of ovary">Follicular cyst of ovary</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Theca_lutein_cyst" title="Theca lutein cyst">Theca lutein cyst</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ovarian_hyperstimulation_syndrome" title="Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome">Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ovarian_torsion" title="Ovarian torsion">Ovarian torsion</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fallopian_tube" title="Fallopian tube">Fallopian tube</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Female_infertility" title="Female infertility">Female infertility</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fallopian_tube_obstruction" title="Fallopian tube obstruction">Fallopian tube obstruction</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hematosalpinx" title="Hematosalpinx">Hematosalpinx</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hydrosalpinx" title="Hydrosalpinx">Hydrosalpinx</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Salpingitis" title="Salpingitis">Salpingitis</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Uterus" title="Uterus">Uterus</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Endometrium" title="Endometrium">Endometrium</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asherman%27s_syndrome" title="Asherman's syndrome">Asherman's syndrome</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dysfunctional_uterine_bleeding" class="mw-redirect" title="Dysfunctional uterine bleeding">Dysfunctional uterine bleeding</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Endometrial_hyperplasia" title="Endometrial hyperplasia">Endometrial hyperplasia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Endometrial_polyp" title="Endometrial polyp">Endometrial polyp</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Endometriosis" title="Endometriosis">Endometriosis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Endometritis" title="Endometritis">Endometritis</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Menstrual_disorder" title="Menstrual disorder">menstruation</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Menstrual_disorder#Disorders_of_flow" title="Menstrual disorder">flow</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amenorrhoea" class="mw-redirect" title="Amenorrhoea">Amenorrhoea</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hypomenorrhea" title="Hypomenorrhea">Hypomenorrhea</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oligomenorrhea" title="Oligomenorrhea">Oligomenorrhea</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Menstrual_disorder#Dysmenorrhea" title="Menstrual disorder">pain</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dysmenorrhea" title="Dysmenorrhea">Dysmenorrhea</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Premenstrual_syndrome" title="Premenstrual syndrome">PMS</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Menstrual_disorder#Disorders_of_cycle_length" title="Menstrual disorder">timing</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Menometrorrhagia" title="Menometrorrhagia">Menometrorrhagia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Menorrhagia" class="mw-redirect" title="Menorrhagia">Menorrhagia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metrorrhagia" class="mw-redirect" title="Metrorrhagia">Metrorrhagia</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Female_infertility" title="Female infertility">Female infertility</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Recurrent_miscarriage" title="Recurrent miscarriage">Recurrent miscarriage</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Myometrium" title="Myometrium">Myometrium</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adenomyosis" title="Adenomyosis">Adenomyosis</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parametrium" title="Parametrium">Parametrium</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parametritis" title="Parametritis">Parametritis</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cervix" title="Cervix">Cervix</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cervical_intraepithelial_neoplasia" title="Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia">Cervical dysplasia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cervical_incompetence" class="mw-redirect" title="Cervical incompetence">Cervical incompetence</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cervical_polyp" title="Cervical polyp">Cervical polyp</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cervicitis" title="Cervicitis">Cervicitis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Female_infertility" title="Female infertility">Female infertility</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stenosis_of_uterine_cervix" title="Stenosis of uterine cervix">Cervical stenosis</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nabothian_cyst" title="Nabothian cyst">Nabothian cyst</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hematometra" title="Hematometra">Hematometra</a> / <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pyometra" title="Pyometra">Pyometra</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Retroverted_uterus" title="Retroverted uterus">Retroverted uterus</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vaginal_disease" title="Vaginal disease">Vagina</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hematocolpos" title="Hematocolpos">Hematocolpos</a> / <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hydrocolpos" title="Hydrocolpos">Hydrocolpos</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leukorrhea" title="Leukorrhea">Leukorrhea</a> / <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vaginal_discharge" title="Vaginal discharge">Vaginal discharge</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vaginitis" title="Vaginitis">Vaginitis</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atrophic_vaginitis" title="Atrophic vaginitis">Atrophic vaginitis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bacterial_vaginosis" title="Bacterial vaginosis">Bacterial vaginosis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Candidal_vulvovaginitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Candidal vulvovaginitis">Candidal vulvovaginitis</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hydrocolpos" title="Hydrocolpos">Hydrocolpos</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"/><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual dysfunction">Sexual dysfunction</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dyspareunia" title="Dyspareunia">Dyspareunia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hypoactive_sexual_desire_disorder" title="Hypoactive sexual desire disorder">Hypoactive sexual desire disorder</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sexual_arousal_disorder" title="Sexual arousal disorder">Sexual arousal disorder</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vaginismus" title="Vaginismus">Vaginismus</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Urogenital_fistula" title="Urogenital fistula">Urogenital fistulas</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ureterovaginal_fistula" title="Ureterovaginal fistula">Ureterovaginal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vesicovaginal_fistula" title="Vesicovaginal fistula">Vesicovaginal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Obstetric_fistula" title="Obstetric fistula">Obstetric fistula</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rectovaginal_fistula" title="Rectovaginal fistula">Rectovaginal fistula</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Female_genital_prolapse" class="mw-redirect" title="Female genital prolapse">Prolapse</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cystocele" title="Cystocele">Cystocele</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Enterocele" title="Enterocele">Enterocele</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rectocele" title="Rectocele">Rectocele</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sigmoidocele" title="Sigmoidocele">Sigmoidocele</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Urethrocele" title="Urethrocele">Urethrocele</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vaginal_bleeding" title="Vaginal bleeding">Vaginal bleeding</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Postcoital_bleeding" title="Postcoital bleeding">Postcoital bleeding</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other / general</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pelvic_congestion_syndrome" title="Pelvic congestion syndrome">Pelvic congestion syndrome</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pelvic_inflammatory_disease" title="Pelvic inflammatory disease">Pelvic inflammatory disease</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">External</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vulvar_disease" title="Vulvar disease">Vulva</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bartholin's cyst</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kraurosis_vulvae" title="Kraurosis vulvae">Kraurosis vulvae</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vestibular_papillomatosis" title="Vestibular papillomatosis">Vestibular papillomatosis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vulvitis" title="Vulvitis">Vulvitis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vulvodynia" title="Vulvodynia">Vulvodynia</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Clitoral_hood" title="Clitoral hood">Clitoral hood</a> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Clitoris" title="Clitoris">clitoris</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Persistent_genital_arousal_disorder" title="Persistent genital arousal disorder">Persistent genital arousal disorder</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | 1584558138 |
