Edit count of the user (user_editcount) | null |
Name of the user account (user_name) | '198.181.163.36' |
Age of the user account (user_age) | 0 |
Groups (including implicit) the user is in (user_groups) | [
0 => '*'
] |
Rights that the user has (user_rights) | [
0 => 'createaccount',
1 => 'read',
2 => 'edit',
3 => 'createtalk',
4 => 'writeapi',
5 => 'viewmywatchlist',
6 => 'editmywatchlist',
7 => 'viewmyprivateinfo',
8 => 'editmyprivateinfo',
9 => 'editmyoptions',
10 => 'abusefilter-log-detail',
11 => 'urlshortener-create-url',
12 => 'centralauth-merge',
13 => 'abusefilter-view',
14 => 'abusefilter-log',
15 => 'vipsscaler-test'
] |
Whether the user is editing from mobile app (user_app) | false |
Whether or not a user is editing through the mobile interface (user_mobile) | false |
Page ID (page_id) | 53506666 |
Page namespace (page_namespace) | 0 |
Page title without namespace (page_title) | 'Venezuelan diaspora' |
Full page title (page_prefixedtitle) | 'Venezuelan diaspora' |
Edit protection level of the page (page_restrictions_edit) | [] |
Last ten users to contribute to the page (page_recent_contributors) | [
0 => 'John B123',
1 => 'AlanCity20',
2 => 'Citation bot',
3 => 'Edwinr23',
4 => 'ZiaLater',
5 => 'Jerodlycett',
6 => 'Place Clichy',
7 => 'Stacyrp',
8 => 'Sandoore',
9 => 'Monkbot'
] |
Page age in seconds (page_age) | 101003755 |
Action (action) | 'edit' |
Edit summary/reason (summary) | '' |
Old content model (old_content_model) | 'wikitext' |
New content model (new_content_model) | 'wikitext' |
Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{Infobox event
| title = Venezuelan diaspora
| image = File:Venezuelan diaspora map.svg
| image_size = 400px
| caption = World map showing countries with the largest Venezuelan populations
| date =
| time =
| place =
{{Collapsible list
|title = of diaspora:
|bullets=yes
|{{Flag|Colombia}} 1,700,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezuela's Nicolás Maduro survives 2019 despite U.S. insistence he'd fall |url=https://www.axios.com/nicolas-maduro-venezuela-regime-change-2020-21f25879-1201-411a-bc8b-497028dbca51.html |accessdate=20 December 2019 |work=[[Axios]] |language=en |quote=We have more than 1.7 million refugees, that’s the official number and I think it’s under-reported. Bogota has 375,000 — that’s like the size of New Orleans}}</ref><ref name="LAoct17">{{cite news|last1=Leon|first1=Adriana|title=Driven by unrest and violence, Venezuelans are fleeing their country by the thousands|url=http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-venezuela-refugees-20171019-htmlstory.html|accessdate=19 October 2017|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=19 October 2017}}</ref>
|{{flag|Peru}} 859,659<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezolanos en Perú: Migración se redujo en más de 90% en julio, según Migraciones |url=https://peru21.pe/lima/venezolanos-peru-fecha-hay-cerca-860-mil-extranjeros-migraciones-nndc-496301 |accessdate=15 August 2019 |work=[[Perú.21]] |date=14 August 2019 |language=es}}</ref>
|{{flag|Brazil}} +500,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Brazil recalls diplomats, officials from Venezuela |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/brazil-recalls-diplomats-officials-venezuela-200306061159301.html |accessdate=7 March 2020 |work=[[Al Jazeera]] |date=6 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=UNHCR welcomes Brazil's decision to recognize thousands of Venezuelans as refugees |url=https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2019/12/5dea19f34/unhcr-welcomes-brazils-decision-recognize-thousands-venezuelans-refugees.html |website=[[United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees]] |publisher=[[United Nations]] |accessdate=15 December 2019 |language=en |date=6 December 2019}}</ref>
|{{Flag|United States}} 259,000-500,000<ref>[http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/protestas-en-venezuela/140508/numero-de-venezolanos-en-eeuu-aumento-135-en-un-periodo-de-catorce-ano Eluniversal.com]</ref>
|{{flag|Ecuador}} 300,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Cómo los venezolanos se están convirtiendo en el chivo expiatorio por las protestas en Sudamérica |url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-50559187 |accessdate=15 December 2019 |agency=[[BBC News]] |date=28 November 2019}}</ref>
|{{Flag|Spain}} 300,000<ref>{{cite news|last1=Arostegui|first1=Martin|title=Spain Has Pivotal Role in Pressuring Venezuela's Maduro|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/spain-pivotal-role-venezuela-maduro/4259587.html|accessdate=19 February 2018|work=[[Voice of America]]|date=18 February 2018|language=en}}</ref>
|{{flag|Chile}} 288,000<ref name=UNjune19>{{cite news |title=Refugees and migrants from Venezuela top 4 million: UNHCR and IOM |url=https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2019/6/5cfa2a4a4/refugees-migrants-venezuela-top-4-million-unhcr-iom.html |website=UNHCR|publisher=UNHCR, IOM|accessdate=10 June 2019 |date=7 June 2019}}</ref>
|{{flag|Argentina}} 130,000<ref name=UNjune19/>
|{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 100,000<ref
|{{Flag|Portugal}} 100,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve">[http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Jq2FifZP-0Y/VMJImlJsblI/AAAAAAAAGQE/ph3UElCiBOQ/s1600/01.png Últimas Noticias (2014), Venezolanos en el exterior]</ref>
|{{flag|Mexico}} 95,000<ref name="info2018">{{cite news |title=El desgarrador éxodo de los venezolanos, en números |url=https://www.infobae.com/america/venezuela/2018/09/03/el-desgarrador-exodo-de-venezolanos-en-numeros/ |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[Infobae]] |date=3 September 2019 |language=es-ES}}</ref>|
|{{flag|Dominican Republic}} 90,000<ref>{{Cite News |title= "Más de 90 mil venezolanos ingresaron a RD por diferentes aeropuertos en 2019 |url=https://www.listindiario.com/amp/s/listindiario.com/larepublica/2020/01/17/600442/mas-de-90-mil-venezolanos-ingresaron-a-rd-por-diferentes-aeropuertos-en-2019|accessdate=17 January 2020|agency=[[Listin Diario]]|}}</ref>
|{{Flag|Panama}} 80,000<ref name="info2018"/>
|{{Flag|Italy}} 48,970<ref name="UN2015pop">{{cite web|title=United Nations Population Division: Department of Economic and Social Affairs|url=https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimates15.shtml|website=[[United Nations Population Division]]|accessdate=17 March 2017|language=EN}}</ref>
|{{Flag|France}} 40,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/infografias/venezolanos-en-el-exterior.aspx |title=Venezolanos en el exterior |work=Últimas Noticias |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205105710/http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/infografias/venezolanos-en-el-exterior.aspx |archivedate=2014-12-05 }}</ref>
|{{Flag|Canada}} 34,000<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42 |title=¿ Cuántos venezolanos hay en Canadá y en Québec? |access-date=2007-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121023251/http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42 |archive-date=2007-11-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|{{flag|Costa Rica}} 25,000<ref name="IOMjun18">{{cite web |title=REPORTE DE FLUJOS MIGRATORIOS EN CENTROAMÉRICA, NORTEAMÉRICA Y EL CARIBE |url=https://www.refworld.org.es/pdfid/5bad74e64.pdf |publisher=[[International Organization for Migration]] |accessdate=18 June 2019 |date=June 2018}}</ref>
|{{flag|Germany}} 20,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Paraguay}} 20,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezolanos en Paraguay: Hay 828 con radicación y 58 piden refugio |url=https://www.ultimahora.com/venezolanos-paraguay-hay-828-radicacion-y-58-piden-refugio-n2791589.html |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[Última Hora (Paraguay)|Última Hora]] |date=15 January 2019 |language=es-ES}}</ref>
|{{flag|Curaçao}} 16,000<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ebus |first1=Bram |title=Venezuelan migrants live in shadows on Caribbean's sunshine islands |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/13/venezuelan-migrants-caribbean-islands |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=13 November 2018}}</ref>
|{{flag|United Kingdom}} 15,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Cuba}} 15,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Lebanon}} 12,000<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna783106 | title=As crisis deepens, more Venezuelans are emigrating to Lebanon}}</ref>
|{{flag|Uruguay}} 12,000<ref>{{cite news |title=En 2019 crecerá un 30% la llegada de venezolanos |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/sociedad/crecera-llegada-venezolanos.html |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[El País (Uruguay)|El País]] |date=20 December 2018 |language=spanish}}</ref>
|{{flag|Australia}} 10,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Haiti}} 5,198<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Guyana}} 5,123<ref>{{cite news |title=Over 5000 Venezuelan migrants in Guyana |url=https://guyanatimesgy.com/over-5000-venezuelan-migrants-in-guyana/ |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=Guyana Times |date=27 February 2019}}</ref>
|{{flag|Guatemala}} 5,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Guatemala exigirá visa a los migrantes venezolanos |url=http://www.el-nacional.com/noticias/latinoamerica/guatemala-exigira-visa-los-migrantes-venezolanos_227485 |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[El Nacional (Caracas)|El Nacional]] |date=19 March 2018 |language=es}}</ref>
|{{flag|Ireland}} 5,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Bolivia}} 4,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Más de 4 mil venezolanos llegaron a Bolivia en 2018, el doble que en 2017 |url=https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20190215/mas-4-mil-venezolanos-llegaron-bolivia-2018-doble-que-2017 |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[Los Tiempos]] |date=15 February 2019 |language=es}}</ref>
|{{flag|Switzerland}} 3,989<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Netherlands}} 3,878<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Aruba}} 3,399 <ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|United Arab Emirates}} 2,500<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|New Zealand}} 2,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Norway}} 1,607<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Sweden}} 1,498<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Greece}} 1,026<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Japan}} 1,000<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/groups/venezolanosenjapon/?fref=ts Approximate of Venezuelans living in Japan]</ref>
|{{flag|Saudi Arabia}} 1,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Austria}} 915<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Denmark}} 706<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|El Salvador}} 700<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezolanos en El Salvador respaldan a Juan Guaidó y exigen la salida de Maduro |url=https://www.efe.com/efe/america/politica/venezolanos-en-el-salvador-respaldan-a-juan-guaido-y-exigen-la-salida-de-maduro/20000035-3965373 |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[EFE]] |date=30 April 2019 |language=es}}</ref>
|{{flag|Belgium}} 570<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Israel}} 373<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Botswana}} 305<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Honduras}} 200<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezolanos residentes en Honduras piden a sus compatriotas no dejar la lucha |url=https://www.laprensa.hn/mundo/1252913-410/venezolanos-residentes-honduras-compatriotas-lucha-nicolas-maduro- |work=[[La Prensa (Honduras)|La Prensa]] |date=23 January 2019 |language=es-HN}}</ref>
}}
| coordinates =
| also known as =
| cause = [[Social issues]], [[political repression]], [[crime]], [[economic downturn]], [[corruption]], [[censorship]] and others.<ref name=EUdiaspora>{{cite news|last1=Olivares|first1=Francisco|title=Best and brightest for export|url=http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140913/best-and-brightest-for-export|accessdate=24 September 2014|agency=El Universal|date=13 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=NEWSWEEKdiaspora>{{cite news|title=Hugo Chavez is Scaring Away Talent|url=http://www.newsweek.com/hugo-chavez-scaring-away-talent-80337|accessdate=24 September 2014|agency=Newsweek|date=30 June 2009}}</ref><ref name=EUpercent10>{{cite news|title=Ten percent of Venezuelans are taking steps for emigrating|url=http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140816/ten-percent-of-venezuelans-are-taking-steps-for-emigrating|accessdate=26 April 2015|agency=[[El Universal (Caracas)|El Universal]]|date=16 August 2014}}</ref>
| outcome =
| notes =
}}
The '''Venezuelan diaspora''' includes ethnic [[Venezuelan]]s living outside [[Venezuela]]. In times of economic and political crisis, Venezuelans have often fled abroad to establish a more sustainable life.
==History==
===19th century===
{{details|Antisemitism in Venezuela}}
In 1827, a group of Jews moved from [[Curaçao]] and settled in [[Coro, Venezuela]].<ref name=JVL>{{cite web|last1=Krusch|first1=David|title=The Virtual Jewish World: Venezuela|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/venezuela.html#5|website=[[Jewish Virtual Library]]|publisher=[[American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise]]|accessdate=15 January 2015}}</ref> In 1855, rioting in the area forced the entire Jewish population, 168 individuals, back to Curaçao.<ref name=JVL/> Assimilation of Jews in Venezuela was difficult, though small communities could be found in [[Puerto Cabello]], Villa de Cura, Carupano, Rio Chico, Maracaibo, and Barquisimeto.<ref name=JVL/>
===20th century===
During [[World War II]], the Venezuelan government broke relations with the [[Axis powers]] in 1942, with many groups consisting of hundreds of German-Venezuelans leaving Venezuela to be repatriated into Nazi Germany.<ref>{{cite news|title=More Germans Quit Venezuela: Page 22|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 December 1942}}</ref>
In the early 1980s, Venezuela had invested much into the country's infrastructure and communications, though by the mid-1980s when Venezuela faced economic difficulties and inequality increased, some Venezuelans emigrated.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Jones|first1=Richard C|title=Regional Income Inequalities and Government Investment in Venezuela|journal=Regional Income Inequalities and the Journal of Developing Areas|date=April 1982|volume=16|issue=3|page=373}}</ref> Again, at the peak of Venezuela's socioeconomic difficulties in the late 1990s, Venezuelans began to emigrate once more, with some attempting to enter the United States legally and illegally.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Paulin|first1=David|title=Venezulans in US fleeing poverty: Rising crime, inflation spur emigration: A, 10:3.|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|date=6 April 1997}}</ref>
===21st century===
====Bolivarian diaspora====
{{main article|Bolivarian diaspora}}
Following the [[Bolivarian Revolution]], many Venezuelans have sought residence in other countries. According to ''[[Newsweek]]'', the "Bolivarian [[diaspora]] is a reversal of fortune on a massive scale" where the reversal is a comparison to when in the 20th century, "Venezuela was a haven for immigrants fleeing Old World repression and intolerance".<ref name="NEWSWEEKdiaspora" /> ''[[El Universal (Caracas)|El Universal]]'' explains how the "Bolivarian diaspora" in Venezuela has been caused by the "deterioration of both the economy and the social fabric, rampant crime, uncertainty and lack of hope for a change in leadership in the near future".<ref name="EUdiaspora" />
In 1998, the year Chavez was first elected, only 14 Venezuelans were granted U.S. asylum. In just 12 months in September 1999, 1,086 Venezuelans were granted asylum according to the [[United States Citizenship and Immigration Services|U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services]].<ref name=Reuters2007>{{cite news|last1=Brown|first1=Tom|title=Venezuelans, fleeing Chavez, seek U.S. safety net|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2007/07/17/lifestyle-usa-venezuela-asylum-dc-idUKN1127066720070717|accessdate=22 September 2014|agency=Reuters|date=16 July 2007}}</ref> It has been calculated that from 1998 to 2013, over 1.5 million Venezuelans, between 4% and 6% of the Venezuela's total population, left the country following the Bolivarian Revolution.<ref name=ENHaug28>{{cite news|last1=Maria Delgado|first1=Antonio|title=Venezuela agobiada por la fuga masiva de cerebros|url=http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2014/08/26/1828337/venezuela-agobiada-por-fuga-masiva.html|accessdate=28 August 2014|agency=El Nuevo Herald|date=28 August 2014}}</ref> Many former Venezuelan citizens studied gave reasons for leaving Venezuela that included lack of freedom, high levels of insecurity and inadequate opportunity in the country.<ref name=ENHaug28/><ref name=Elimpulso23AUG/> It has also been stated that some parents in Venezuela encourage their children to leave the country for their own protection because of the insecurities Venezuelans face.<ref name=Elimpulso23AUG>{{cite news|title=El 90% de los venezolanos que se van tienen formación universitaria|url=http://elimpulso.com/articulo/el-90-de-los-venezolanos-que-se-van-tienen-formacion-universitaria#|accessdate=28 August 2014|agency=El Impulso|date=23 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Montilla K.|first1=Andrea|title=Liceístas pasan de grado sin cursar varias materias|url=http://www.el-nacional.com/sociedad/Liceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html|accessdate=9 July 2014|agency=El Nacional|date=4 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704050947/http://www.el-nacional.com/sociedad/Liceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html|archive-date=4 July 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> This has led to [[human capital flight]] occurring in Venezuela.<ref name=EUdiaspora/><ref name="ENHaug28"/><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.analitica.com/opinion/opinion-internacional/venezuela-migraciones-y-desplazamientos-humanos/ |title = Venezuela, migraciones y desplazamientos humanos|date = 23 May 2003}}</ref>
== See also ==
*[[List of diasporas]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{commonscat}}
{{Venezuelan diaspora |state=expanded}}
[[Category:South American diaspora]]
[[Category:Demographics of Venezuela]]
[[Category:Venezuelan diaspora| ]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Infobox event
| title = Venezuelan diaspora
| image = File:Venezuelan diaspora map.svg
| image_size = 400px
| caption = World map showing countries with the largest Venezuelan populations
| date =
| time =
| place =
{{Collapsible list
|title = of diaspora:
|bullets=yes
|{{Flag|Colombia}} 1,700,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezuela's Nicolás Maduro survives 2019 despite U.S. insistence he'd fall |url=https://www.axios.com/nicolas-maduro-venezuela-regime-change-2020-21f25879-1201-411a-bc8b-497028dbca51.html |accessdate=20 December 2019 |work=[[Axios]] |language=en |quote=We have more than 1.7 million refugees, that’s the official number and I think it’s under-reported. Bogota has 375,000 — that’s like the size of New Orleans}}</ref><ref name="LAoct17">{{cite news|last1=Leon|first1=Adriana|title=Driven by unrest and violence, Venezuelans are fleeing their country by the thousands|url=http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-venezuela-refugees-20171019-htmlstory.html|accessdate=19 October 2017|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=19 October 2017}}</ref>
|{{flag|Peru}} 859,659<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezolanos en Perú: Migración se redujo en más de 90% en julio, según Migraciones |url=https://peru21.pe/lima/venezolanos-peru-fecha-hay-cerca-860-mil-extranjeros-migraciones-nndc-496301 |accessdate=15 August 2019 |work=[[Perú.21]] |date=14 August 2019 |language=es}}</ref>
|{{flag|Brazil}} +500,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Brazil recalls diplomats, officials from Venezuela |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/brazil-recalls-diplomats-officials-venezuela-200306061159301.html |accessdate=7 March 2020 |work=[[Al Jazeera]] |date=6 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=UNHCR welcomes Brazil's decision to recognize thousands of Venezuelans as refugees |url=https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2019/12/5dea19f34/unhcr-welcomes-brazils-decision-recognize-thousands-venezuelans-refugees.html |website=[[United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees]] |publisher=[[United Nations]] |accessdate=15 December 2019 |language=en |date=6 December 2019}}</ref>
|{{Flag|United States}} 259,000-500,000<ref>[http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/protestas-en-venezuela/140508/numero-de-venezolanos-en-eeuu-aumento-135-en-un-periodo-de-catorce-ano Eluniversal.com]</ref>
|{{flag|Ecuador}} 300,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Cómo los venezolanos se están convirtiendo en el chivo expiatorio por las protestas en Sudamérica |url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-50559187 |accessdate=15 December 2019 |agency=[[BBC News]] |date=28 November 2019}}</ref>
|{{Flag|Spain}} 300,000<ref>{{cite news|last1=Arostegui|first1=Martin|title=Spain Has Pivotal Role in Pressuring Venezuela's Maduro|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/spain-pivotal-role-venezuela-maduro/4259587.html|accessdate=19 February 2018|work=[[Voice of America]]|date=18 February 2018|language=en}}</ref>
|{{flag|Chile}} 288,000<ref name=UNjune19>{{cite news |title=Refugees and migrants from Venezuela top 4 million: UNHCR and IOM |url=https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2019/6/5cfa2a4a4/refugees-migrants-venezuela-top-4-million-unhcr-iom.html |website=UNHCR|publisher=UNHCR, IOM|accessdate=10 June 2019 |date=7 June 2019}}</ref>
|{{flag|Argentina}} 130,000<ref name=UNjune19/>
|{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 100,000<ref
|{{Flag|Portugal}} 100,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve">[http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Jq2FifZP-0Y/VMJImlJsblI/AAAAAAAAGQE/ph3UElCiBOQ/s1600/01.png Últimas Noticias (2014), Venezolanos en el exterior]</ref>
|{{flag|Mexico}} 95,000<ref name="info2018">{{cite news |title=El desgarrador éxodo de los venezolanos, en números |url=https://www.infobae.com/america/venezuela/2018/09/03/el-desgarrador-exodo-de-venezolanos-en-numeros/ |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[Infobae]] |date=3 September 2019 |language=es-ES}}</ref>|
|{{flag|Dominican Republic}} 90,000<ref>{{Cite News |title= "Más de 90 mil venezolanos ingresaron a RD por diferentes aeropuertos en 2019 |url=https://www.listindiario.com/amp/s/listindiario.com/larepublica/2020/01/17/600442/mas-de-90-mil-venezolanos-ingresaron-a-rd-por-diferentes-aeropuertos-en-2019|accessdate=17 January 2020|agency=[[Listin Diario]]|}}</ref>
|{{Flag|Panama}} 80,000<ref name="info2018"/>
|{{Flag|Italy}} 48,970<ref name="UN2015pop">{{cite web|title=United Nations Population Division: Department of Economic and Social Affairs|url=https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimates15.shtml|website=[[United Nations Population Division]]|accessdate=17 March 2017|language=EN}}</ref>
|{{Flag|Canada}} 34,000<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42 |title=¿ Cuántos venezolanos hay en Canadá y en Québec? |access-date=2007-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121023251/http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42 |archive-date=2007-11-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|{{Flag|France}} 30,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve">{{cite web|url=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Jq2FifZP-0Y/VMJImlJsblI/AAAAAAAAGQE/ph3UElCiBOQ/s1600/01.png|title=Últimas Noticias (2014), Venezolanos en el exterior|publisher=}}</ref>
|{{flag|Costa Rica}} 25,000<ref name="IOMjun18">{{cite web |title=REPORTE DE FLUJOS MIGRATORIOS EN CENTROAMÉRICA, NORTEAMÉRICA Y EL CARIBE |url=https://www.refworld.org.es/pdfid/5bad74e64.pdf |publisher=[[International Organization for Migration]] |accessdate=18 June 2019 |date=June 2018}}</ref>
|{{flag|Germany}} 20,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Paraguay}} 20,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezolanos en Paraguay: Hay 828 con radicación y 58 piden refugio |url=https://www.ultimahora.com/venezolanos-paraguay-hay-828-radicacion-y-58-piden-refugio-n2791589.html |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[Última Hora (Paraguay)|Última Hora]] |date=15 January 2019 |language=es-ES}}</ref>
|{{flag|Curaçao}} 16,000<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ebus |first1=Bram |title=Venezuelan migrants live in shadows on Caribbean's sunshine islands |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/13/venezuelan-migrants-caribbean-islands |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=13 November 2018}}</ref>
|{{flag|United Kingdom}} 15,000<ref>{{cite news |title=En 2019 crecerá un 30% la llegada de venezolanos |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/sociedad/crecera-llegada-venezolanos.html |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[El País (Uruguay)|El País]] |date=20 December 2018 |language=spanish}}</ref>
|{{flag|Cuba}} 15,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Lebanon}} 12,000<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna783106 | title=As crisis deepens, more Venezuelans are emigrating to Lebanon}}</ref>
|{{flag|Uruguay}} 12,000<ref>{{cite news |title=En 2019 crecerá un 30% la llegada de venezolanos |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/sociedad/crecera-llegada-venezolanos.html |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[El País (Uruguay)|El País]] |date=20 December 2018 |language=spanish}}</ref>
|{{flag|Australia}} 10,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Haiti}} 5,198<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Guyana}} 5,123<ref>{{cite news |title=Over 5000 Venezuelan migrants in Guyana |url=https://guyanatimesgy.com/over-5000-venezuelan-migrants-in-guyana/ |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=Guyana Times |date=27 February 2019}}</ref>
|{{flag|Guatemala}} 5,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Guatemala exigirá visa a los migrantes venezolanos |url=http://www.el-nacional.com/noticias/latinoamerica/guatemala-exigira-visa-los-migrantes-venezolanos_227485 |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[El Nacional (Caracas)|El Nacional]] |date=19 March 2018 |language=es}}</ref>
|{{flag|Ireland}} 5,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Bolivia}} 4,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Más de 4 mil venezolanos llegaron a Bolivia en 2018, el doble que en 2017 |url=https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20190215/mas-4-mil-venezolanos-llegaron-bolivia-2018-doble-que-2017 |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[Los Tiempos]] |date=15 February 2019 |language=es}}</ref>
|{{flag|Switzerland}} 3,989<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Netherlands}} 3,878<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Aruba}} 3,399 <ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|United Arab Emirates}} 2,500<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|New Zealand}} 2,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Norway}} 1,607<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Sweden}} 1,498<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Greece}} 1,026<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Japan}} 1,000<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/groups/venezolanosenjapon/?fref=ts Approximate of Venezuelans living in Japan]</ref>
|{{flag|Saudi Arabia}} 1,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Austria}} 915<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Denmark}} 706<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|El Salvador}} 700<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezolanos en El Salvador respaldan a Juan Guaidó y exigen la salida de Maduro |url=https://www.efe.com/efe/america/politica/venezolanos-en-el-salvador-respaldan-a-juan-guaido-y-exigen-la-salida-de-maduro/20000035-3965373 |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[EFE]] |date=30 April 2019 |language=es}}</ref>
|{{flag|Belgium}} 570<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Israel}} 373<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Botswana}} 305<ref name="UN2015pop"/>
|{{flag|Honduras}} 200<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezolanos residentes en Honduras piden a sus compatriotas no dejar la lucha |url=https://www.laprensa.hn/mundo/1252913-410/venezolanos-residentes-honduras-compatriotas-lucha-nicolas-maduro- |work=[[La Prensa (Honduras)|La Prensa]] |date=23 January 2019 |language=es-HN}}</ref>
}}
| coordinates =
| also known as =
| cause = [[Social issues]], [[political repression]], [[crime]], [[economic downturn]], [[corruption]], [[censorship]] and others.<ref name=EUdiaspora>{{cite news|last1=Olivares|first1=Francisco|title=Best and brightest for export|url=http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140913/best-and-brightest-for-export|accessdate=24 September 2014|agency=El Universal|date=13 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=NEWSWEEKdiaspora>{{cite news|title=Hugo Chavez is Scaring Away Talent|url=http://www.newsweek.com/hugo-chavez-scaring-away-talent-80337|accessdate=24 September 2014|agency=Newsweek|date=30 June 2009}}</ref><ref name=EUpercent10>{{cite news|title=Ten percent of Venezuelans are taking steps for emigrating|url=http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140816/ten-percent-of-venezuelans-are-taking-steps-for-emigrating|accessdate=26 April 2015|agency=[[El Universal (Caracas)|El Universal]]|date=16 August 2014}}</ref>
| outcome =
| notes =
}}
The '''Venezuelan diaspora''' includes ethnic [[Venezuelan]]s living outside [[Venezuela]]. In times of economic and political crisis, Venezuelans have often fled abroad to establish a more sustainable life.
==History==
===19th century===
{{details|Antisemitism in Venezuela}}
In 1827, a group of Jews moved from [[Curaçao]] and settled in [[Coro, Venezuela]].<ref name=JVL>{{cite web|last1=Krusch|first1=David|title=The Virtual Jewish World: Venezuela|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/venezuela.html#5|website=[[Jewish Virtual Library]]|publisher=[[American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise]]|accessdate=15 January 2015}}</ref> In 1855, rioting in the area forced the entire Jewish population, 168 individuals, back to Curaçao.<ref name=JVL/> Assimilation of Jews in Venezuela was difficult, though small communities could be found in [[Puerto Cabello]], Villa de Cura, Carupano, Rio Chico, Maracaibo, and Barquisimeto.<ref name=JVL/>
===20th century===
During [[World War II]], the Venezuelan government broke relations with the [[Axis powers]] in 1942, with many groups consisting of hundreds of German-Venezuelans leaving Venezuela to be repatriated into Nazi Germany.<ref>{{cite news|title=More Germans Quit Venezuela: Page 22|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 December 1942}}</ref>
In the early 1980s, Venezuela had invested much into the country's infrastructure and communications, though by the mid-1980s when Venezuela faced economic difficulties and inequality increased, some Venezuelans emigrated.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Jones|first1=Richard C|title=Regional Income Inequalities and Government Investment in Venezuela|journal=Regional Income Inequalities and the Journal of Developing Areas|date=April 1982|volume=16|issue=3|page=373}}</ref> Again, at the peak of Venezuela's socioeconomic difficulties in the late 1990s, Venezuelans began to emigrate once more, with some attempting to enter the United States legally and illegally.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Paulin|first1=David|title=Venezulans in US fleeing poverty: Rising crime, inflation spur emigration: A, 10:3.|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|date=6 April 1997}}</ref>
===21st century===
====Bolivarian diaspora====
{{main article|Bolivarian diaspora}}
Following the [[Bolivarian Revolution]], many Venezuelans have sought residence in other countries. According to ''[[Newsweek]]'', the "Bolivarian [[diaspora]] is a reversal of fortune on a massive scale" where the reversal is a comparison to when in the 20th century, "Venezuela was a haven for immigrants fleeing Old World repression and intolerance".<ref name="NEWSWEEKdiaspora" /> ''[[El Universal (Caracas)|El Universal]]'' explains how the "Bolivarian diaspora" in Venezuela has been caused by the "deterioration of both the economy and the social fabric, rampant crime, uncertainty and lack of hope for a change in leadership in the near future".<ref name="EUdiaspora" />
In 1998, the year Chavez was first elected, only 14 Venezuelans were granted U.S. asylum. In just 12 months in September 1999, 1,086 Venezuelans were granted asylum according to the [[United States Citizenship and Immigration Services|U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services]].<ref name=Reuters2007>{{cite news|last1=Brown|first1=Tom|title=Venezuelans, fleeing Chavez, seek U.S. safety net|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2007/07/17/lifestyle-usa-venezuela-asylum-dc-idUKN1127066720070717|accessdate=22 September 2014|agency=Reuters|date=16 July 2007}}</ref> It has been calculated that from 1998 to 2013, over 1.5 million Venezuelans, between 4% and 6% of the Venezuela's total population, left the country following the Bolivarian Revolution.<ref name=ENHaug28>{{cite news|last1=Maria Delgado|first1=Antonio|title=Venezuela agobiada por la fuga masiva de cerebros|url=http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2014/08/26/1828337/venezuela-agobiada-por-fuga-masiva.html|accessdate=28 August 2014|agency=El Nuevo Herald|date=28 August 2014}}</ref> Many former Venezuelan citizens studied gave reasons for leaving Venezuela that included lack of freedom, high levels of insecurity and inadequate opportunity in the country.<ref name=ENHaug28/><ref name=Elimpulso23AUG/> It has also been stated that some parents in Venezuela encourage their children to leave the country for their own protection because of the insecurities Venezuelans face.<ref name=Elimpulso23AUG>{{cite news|title=El 90% de los venezolanos que se van tienen formación universitaria|url=http://elimpulso.com/articulo/el-90-de-los-venezolanos-que-se-van-tienen-formacion-universitaria#|accessdate=28 August 2014|agency=El Impulso|date=23 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Montilla K.|first1=Andrea|title=Liceístas pasan de grado sin cursar varias materias|url=http://www.el-nacional.com/sociedad/Liceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html|accessdate=9 July 2014|agency=El Nacional|date=4 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704050947/http://www.el-nacional.com/sociedad/Liceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html|archive-date=4 July 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> This has led to [[human capital flight]] occurring in Venezuela.<ref name=EUdiaspora/><ref name="ENHaug28"/><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.analitica.com/opinion/opinion-internacional/venezuela-migraciones-y-desplazamientos-humanos/ |title = Venezuela, migraciones y desplazamientos humanos|date = 23 May 2003}}</ref>
== See also ==
*[[List of diasporas]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{commonscat}}
{{Venezuelan diaspora |state=expanded}}
[[Category:South American diaspora]]
[[Category:Demographics of Venezuela]]
[[Category:Venezuelan diaspora| ]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@
|{{Flag|Panama}} 80,000<ref name="info2018"/>
|{{Flag|Italy}} 48,970<ref name="UN2015pop">{{cite web|title=United Nations Population Division: Department of Economic and Social Affairs|url=https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimates15.shtml|website=[[United Nations Population Division]]|accessdate=17 March 2017|language=EN}}</ref>
-|{{Flag|France}} 40,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/infografias/venezolanos-en-el-exterior.aspx |title=Venezolanos en el exterior |work=Últimas Noticias |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205105710/http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/infografias/venezolanos-en-el-exterior.aspx |archivedate=2014-12-05 }}</ref>
|{{Flag|Canada}} 34,000<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42 |title=¿ Cuántos venezolanos hay en Canadá y en Québec? |access-date=2007-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121023251/http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42 |archive-date=2007-11-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
+|{{Flag|France}} 30,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve">{{cite web|url=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Jq2FifZP-0Y/VMJImlJsblI/AAAAAAAAGQE/ph3UElCiBOQ/s1600/01.png|title=Últimas Noticias (2014), Venezolanos en el exterior|publisher=}}</ref>
|{{flag|Costa Rica}} 25,000<ref name="IOMjun18">{{cite web |title=REPORTE DE FLUJOS MIGRATORIOS EN CENTROAMÉRICA, NORTEAMÉRICA Y EL CARIBE |url=https://www.refworld.org.es/pdfid/5bad74e64.pdf |publisher=[[International Organization for Migration]] |accessdate=18 June 2019 |date=June 2018}}</ref>
|{{flag|Germany}} 20,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Paraguay}} 20,000<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezolanos en Paraguay: Hay 828 con radicación y 58 piden refugio |url=https://www.ultimahora.com/venezolanos-paraguay-hay-828-radicacion-y-58-piden-refugio-n2791589.html |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[Última Hora (Paraguay)|Última Hora]] |date=15 January 2019 |language=es-ES}}</ref>
|{{flag|Curaçao}} 16,000<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ebus |first1=Bram |title=Venezuelan migrants live in shadows on Caribbean's sunshine islands |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/13/venezuelan-migrants-caribbean-islands |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=13 November 2018}}</ref>
-|{{flag|United Kingdom}} 15,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
+|{{flag|United Kingdom}} 15,000<ref>{{cite news |title=En 2019 crecerá un 30% la llegada de venezolanos |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/sociedad/crecera-llegada-venezolanos.html |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[El País (Uruguay)|El País]] |date=20 December 2018 |language=spanish}}</ref>
|{{flag|Cuba}} 15,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>
|{{flag|Lebanon}} 12,000<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna783106 | title=As crisis deepens, more Venezuelans are emigrating to Lebanon}}</ref>
' |
New page size (new_size) | 16466 |
Old page size (old_size) | 16356 |
Size change in edit (edit_delta) | 110 |
Lines added in edit (added_lines) | [
0 => '|{{Flag|France}} 30,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve">{{cite web|url=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Jq2FifZP-0Y/VMJImlJsblI/AAAAAAAAGQE/ph3UElCiBOQ/s1600/01.png|title=Últimas Noticias (2014), Venezolanos en el exterior|publisher=}}</ref>',
1 => '|{{flag|United Kingdom}} 15,000<ref>{{cite news |title=En 2019 crecerá un 30% la llegada de venezolanos |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/sociedad/crecera-llegada-venezolanos.html |accessdate=18 June 2019 |work=[[El País (Uruguay)|El País]] |date=20 December 2018 |language=spanish}}</ref>'
] |
Lines removed in edit (removed_lines) | [
0 => '|{{Flag|France}} 40,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/infografias/venezolanos-en-el-exterior.aspx |title=Venezolanos en el exterior |work=Últimas Noticias |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205105710/http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/infografias/venezolanos-en-el-exterior.aspx |archivedate=2014-12-05 }}</ref>',
1 => '|{{flag|United Kingdom}} 15,000<ref name="ultimasnoticias.com.ve"/>'
] |
All external links added in the edit (added_links) | [] |
All external links removed in the edit (removed_links) | [
0 => 'http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/infografias/venezolanos-en-el-exterior.aspx',
1 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20141205105710/http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/infografias/venezolanos-en-el-exterior.aspx'
] |
All external links in the new text (all_links) | [
0 => 'https://www.axios.com/nicolas-maduro-venezuela-regime-change-2020-21f25879-1201-411a-bc8b-497028dbca51.html',
1 => 'http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-venezuela-refugees-20171019-htmlstory.html',
2 => 'https://peru21.pe/lima/venezolanos-peru-fecha-hay-cerca-860-mil-extranjeros-migraciones-nndc-496301',
3 => 'https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/brazil-recalls-diplomats-officials-venezuela-200306061159301.html',
4 => 'https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2019/12/5dea19f34/unhcr-welcomes-brazils-decision-recognize-thousands-venezuelans-refugees.html',
5 => 'http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/protestas-en-venezuela/140508/numero-de-venezolanos-en-eeuu-aumento-135-en-un-periodo-de-catorce-ano',
6 => 'https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-50559187',
7 => 'https://www.voanews.com/a/spain-pivotal-role-venezuela-maduro/4259587.html',
8 => 'https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2019/6/5cfa2a4a4/refugees-migrants-venezuela-top-4-million-unhcr-iom.html',
9 => 'http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Jq2FifZP-0Y/VMJImlJsblI/AAAAAAAAGQE/ph3UElCiBOQ/s1600/01.png',
10 => 'https://www.infobae.com/america/venezuela/2018/09/03/el-desgarrador-exodo-de-venezolanos-en-numeros/',
11 => 'https://www.listindiario.com/amp/s/listindiario.com/larepublica/2020/01/17/600442/mas-de-90-mil-venezolanos-ingresaron-a-rd-por-diferentes-aeropuertos-en-2019',
12 => 'https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimates15.shtml',
13 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20071121023251/http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42',
14 => 'http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42',
15 => 'https://www.refworld.org.es/pdfid/5bad74e64.pdf',
16 => 'https://www.ultimahora.com/venezolanos-paraguay-hay-828-radicacion-y-58-piden-refugio-n2791589.html',
17 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/13/venezuelan-migrants-caribbean-islands',
18 => 'https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/sociedad/crecera-llegada-venezolanos.html',
19 => 'http://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna783106',
20 => 'https://guyanatimesgy.com/over-5000-venezuelan-migrants-in-guyana/',
21 => 'http://www.el-nacional.com/noticias/latinoamerica/guatemala-exigira-visa-los-migrantes-venezolanos_227485',
22 => 'https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20190215/mas-4-mil-venezolanos-llegaron-bolivia-2018-doble-que-2017',
23 => 'https://www.facebook.com/groups/venezolanosenjapon/?fref=ts',
24 => 'https://www.efe.com/efe/america/politica/venezolanos-en-el-salvador-respaldan-a-juan-guaido-y-exigen-la-salida-de-maduro/20000035-3965373',
25 => 'https://www.laprensa.hn/mundo/1252913-410/venezolanos-residentes-honduras-compatriotas-lucha-nicolas-maduro-',
26 => 'http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140913/best-and-brightest-for-export',
27 => 'http://www.newsweek.com/hugo-chavez-scaring-away-talent-80337',
28 => 'http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140816/ten-percent-of-venezuelans-are-taking-steps-for-emigrating',
29 => 'https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/venezuela.html#5',
30 => 'http://uk.reuters.com/article/2007/07/17/lifestyle-usa-venezuela-asylum-dc-idUKN1127066720070717',
31 => 'http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2014/08/26/1828337/venezuela-agobiada-por-fuga-masiva.html',
32 => 'http://elimpulso.com/articulo/el-90-de-los-venezolanos-que-se-van-tienen-formacion-universitaria#',
33 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20140704050947/http://www.el-nacional.com/sociedad/Liceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html',
34 => 'http://www.el-nacional.com/sociedad/Liceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html',
35 => 'http://www.analitica.com/opinion/opinion-internacional/venezuela-migraciones-y-desplazamientos-humanos/'
] |
Links in the page, before the edit (old_links) | [
0 => 'http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Jq2FifZP-0Y/VMJImlJsblI/AAAAAAAAGQE/ph3UElCiBOQ/s1600/01.png',
1 => 'http://elimpulso.com/articulo/el-90-de-los-venezolanos-que-se-van-tienen-formacion-universitaria#',
2 => 'http://uk.reuters.com/article/2007/07/17/lifestyle-usa-venezuela-asylum-dc-idUKN1127066720070717',
3 => 'http://www.analitica.com/opinion/opinion-internacional/venezuela-migraciones-y-desplazamientos-humanos/',
4 => 'http://www.el-nacional.com/noticias/latinoamerica/guatemala-exigira-visa-los-migrantes-venezolanos_227485',
5 => 'http://www.el-nacional.com/sociedad/Liceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html',
6 => 'http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2014/08/26/1828337/venezuela-agobiada-por-fuga-masiva.html',
7 => 'http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/protestas-en-venezuela/140508/numero-de-venezolanos-en-eeuu-aumento-135-en-un-periodo-de-catorce-ano',
8 => 'http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140913/best-and-brightest-for-export',
9 => 'http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140816/ten-percent-of-venezuelans-are-taking-steps-for-emigrating',
10 => 'http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-venezuela-refugees-20171019-htmlstory.html',
11 => 'http://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna783106',
12 => 'http://www.newsweek.com/hugo-chavez-scaring-away-talent-80337',
13 => 'http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42',
14 => 'http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/infografias/venezolanos-en-el-exterior.aspx',
15 => 'https://guyanatimesgy.com/over-5000-venezuelan-migrants-in-guyana/',
16 => 'https://peru21.pe/lima/venezolanos-peru-fecha-hay-cerca-860-mil-extranjeros-migraciones-nndc-496301',
17 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20071121023251/http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42',
18 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20140704050947/http://www.el-nacional.com/sociedad/Liceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html',
19 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20141205105710/http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/infografias/venezolanos-en-el-exterior.aspx',
20 => 'https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/brazil-recalls-diplomats-officials-venezuela-200306061159301.html',
21 => 'https://www.axios.com/nicolas-maduro-venezuela-regime-change-2020-21f25879-1201-411a-bc8b-497028dbca51.html',
22 => 'https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-50559187',
23 => 'https://www.efe.com/efe/america/politica/venezolanos-en-el-salvador-respaldan-a-juan-guaido-y-exigen-la-salida-de-maduro/20000035-3965373',
24 => 'https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/sociedad/crecera-llegada-venezolanos.html',
25 => 'https://www.facebook.com/groups/venezolanosenjapon/?fref=ts',
26 => 'https://www.infobae.com/america/venezuela/2018/09/03/el-desgarrador-exodo-de-venezolanos-en-numeros/',
27 => 'https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/venezuela.html#5',
28 => 'https://www.laprensa.hn/mundo/1252913-410/venezolanos-residentes-honduras-compatriotas-lucha-nicolas-maduro-',
29 => 'https://www.listindiario.com/amp/s/listindiario.com/larepublica/2020/01/17/600442/mas-de-90-mil-venezolanos-ingresaron-a-rd-por-diferentes-aeropuertos-en-2019',
30 => 'https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20190215/mas-4-mil-venezolanos-llegaron-bolivia-2018-doble-que-2017',
31 => 'https://www.refworld.org.es/pdfid/5bad74e64.pdf',
32 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/13/venezuelan-migrants-caribbean-islands',
33 => 'https://www.ultimahora.com/venezolanos-paraguay-hay-828-radicacion-y-58-piden-refugio-n2791589.html',
34 => 'https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimates15.shtml',
35 => 'https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2019/12/5dea19f34/unhcr-welcomes-brazils-decision-recognize-thousands-venezuelans-refugees.html',
36 => 'https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2019/6/5cfa2a4a4/refugees-migrants-venezuela-top-4-million-unhcr-iom.html',
37 => 'https://www.voanews.com/a/spain-pivotal-role-venezuela-maduro/4259587.html'
] |
Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-parser-output"><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption class="summary">Venezuelan diaspora</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:#aaa solid 1px"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg" class="image"><img alt="Venezuelan diaspora map.svg" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg/400px-Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="176" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg/600px-Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg/800px-Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="914" data-file-height="403" /></a><div>World map showing countries with the largest Venezuelan populations</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Location</th><td class="location" style="text-align: left;"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;">
<div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">of diaspora:</div>
<ul class="NavContent" style="text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> 1,700,000<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LAoct17_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAoct17-2">[2]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> 859,659<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="504" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> +500,000<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> 259,000-500,000<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> 300,000<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> 300,000<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> 288,000<sup id="cite_ref-UNjune19_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNjune19-9">[9]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> 130,000<sup id="cite_ref-UNjune19_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNjune19-9">[9]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/46px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> 100,000<sup id="cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ultimasnoticias.com.ve-10">[10]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> 95,000<sup id="cite_ref-info2018_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-info2018-11">[11]</a></sup></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> 90,000<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> 80,000<sup id="cite_ref-info2018_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-info2018-11">[11]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> 48,970<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> 34,000<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> 30,000<sup id="cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ultimasnoticias.com.ve-10">[10]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> 25,000<sup id="cite_ref-IOMjun18_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IOMjun18-15">[15]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> 20,000<sup id="cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ultimasnoticias.com.ve-10">[10]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> 20,000<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a> 16,000<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> 15,000<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> 15,000<sup id="cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ultimasnoticias.com.ve-10">[10]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> 12,000<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="630" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> 12,000<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> 10,000<sup id="cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ultimasnoticias.com.ve-10">[10]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/46px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> 5,198<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> 5,123<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> 5,000<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> 5,000<sup id="cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ultimasnoticias.com.ve-10">[10]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> 4,000<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" />  </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> 3,989<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> 3,878<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Aruba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Aruba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Aruba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Aruba.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Aruba.svg/45px-Flag_of_Aruba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a> 3,399 <sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> 2,500<sup id="cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ultimasnoticias.com.ve-10">[10]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> 2,000<sup id="cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ultimasnoticias.com.ve-10">[10]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> 1,607<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> 1,498<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> 1,026<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> 1,000<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> 1,000<sup id="cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ultimasnoticias.com.ve-10">[10]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> 915<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> 706<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a> 700<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> 570<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="480" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> 373<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a> 305<sup id="cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN2015pop-13">[13]</a></sup>
</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/35px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/46px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> 200<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup>
</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Cause</th><td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Social_issues" class="mw-redirect" title="Social issues">Social issues</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Political_repression" title="Political repression">political repression</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crime" title="Crime">crime</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Economic_downturn" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic downturn">economic downturn</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">corruption</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Censorship" title="Censorship">censorship</a> and others.<sup id="cite_ref-EUdiaspora_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EUdiaspora-27">[27]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NEWSWEEKdiaspora_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEWSWEEKdiaspora-28">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EUpercent10_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EUpercent10-29">[29]</a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>The <b>Venezuelan diaspora</b> includes ethnic <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelan" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan">Venezuelans</a> living outside <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>. In times of economic and political crisis, Venezuelans have often fled abroad to establish a more sustainable life.
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#19th_century"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">19th century</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#20th_century"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">20th century</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#21st_century"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">21st century</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Bolivarian_diaspora"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Bolivarian diaspora</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Venezuelan_diaspora&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="19th_century">19th century</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Venezuelan_diaspora&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 19th century">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Venezuela" title="Antisemitism in Venezuela">Antisemitism in Venezuela</a></div>
<p>In 1827, a group of Jews moved from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a> and settled in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coro,_Venezuela" title="Coro, Venezuela">Coro, Venezuela</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JVL_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JVL-30">[30]</a></sup> In 1855, rioting in the area forced the entire Jewish population, 168 individuals, back to Curaçao.<sup id="cite_ref-JVL_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JVL-30">[30]</a></sup> Assimilation of Jews in Venezuela was difficult, though small communities could be found in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Puerto_Cabello" title="Puerto Cabello">Puerto Cabello</a>, Villa de Cura, Carupano, Rio Chico, Maracaibo, and Barquisimeto.<sup id="cite_ref-JVL_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JVL-30">[30]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="20th_century">20th century</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Venezuelan_diaspora&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>During <a href="/enwiki/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the Venezuelan government broke relations with the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis powers</a> in 1942, with many groups consisting of hundreds of German-Venezuelans leaving Venezuela to be repatriated into Nazi Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></sup>
</p><p>In the early 1980s, Venezuela had invested much into the country's infrastructure and communications, though by the mid-1980s when Venezuela faced economic difficulties and inequality increased, some Venezuelans emigrated.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></sup> Again, at the peak of Venezuela's socioeconomic difficulties in the late 1990s, Venezuelans began to emigrate once more, with some attempting to enter the United States legally and illegally.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="21st_century">21st century</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Venezuelan_diaspora&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 21st century">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Bolivarian_diaspora">Bolivarian diaspora</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Venezuelan_diaspora&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bolivarian diaspora">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bolivarian_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivarian diaspora">Bolivarian diaspora</a></div>
<p><br />
Following the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bolivarian_Revolution" title="Bolivarian Revolution">Bolivarian Revolution</a>, many Venezuelans have sought residence in other countries. According to <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a></i>, the "Bolivarian <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diaspora" title="Diaspora">diaspora</a> is a reversal of fortune on a massive scale" where the reversal is a comparison to when in the 20th century, "Venezuela was a haven for immigrants fleeing Old World repression and intolerance".<sup id="cite_ref-NEWSWEEKdiaspora_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEWSWEEKdiaspora-28">[28]</a></sup> <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Universal_(Caracas)" title="El Universal (Caracas)">El Universal</a></i> explains how the "Bolivarian diaspora" in Venezuela has been caused by the "deterioration of both the economy and the social fabric, rampant crime, uncertainty and lack of hope for a change in leadership in the near future".<sup id="cite_ref-EUdiaspora_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EUdiaspora-27">[27]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1998, the year Chavez was first elected, only 14 Venezuelans were granted U.S. asylum. In just 12 months in September 1999, 1,086 Venezuelans were granted asylum according to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Citizenship_and_Immigration_Services" title="United States Citizenship and Immigration Services">U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters2007_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters2007-34">[34]</a></sup> It has been calculated that from 1998 to 2013, over 1.5 million Venezuelans, between 4% and 6% of the Venezuela's total population, left the country following the Bolivarian Revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-ENHaug28_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENHaug28-35">[35]</a></sup> Many former Venezuelan citizens studied gave reasons for leaving Venezuela that included lack of freedom, high levels of insecurity and inadequate opportunity in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-ENHaug28_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENHaug28-35">[35]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Elimpulso23AUG_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elimpulso23AUG-36">[36]</a></sup> It has also been stated that some parents in Venezuela encourage their children to leave the country for their own protection because of the insecurities Venezuelans face.<sup id="cite_ref-Elimpulso23AUG_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elimpulso23AUG-36">[36]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></sup> This has led to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Human_capital_flight" title="Human capital flight">human capital flight</a> occurring in Venezuela.<sup id="cite_ref-EUdiaspora_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EUdiaspora-27">[27]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ENHaug28_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENHaug28-35">[35]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Venezuelan_diaspora&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_diasporas" title="List of diasporas">List of diasporas</a></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Venezuelan_diaspora&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/nicolas-maduro-venezuela-regime-change-2020-21f25879-1201-411a-bc8b-497028dbca51.html">"Venezuela's Nicolás Maduro survives 2019 despite U.S. insistence he'd fall"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Axios" class="mw-redirect" title="Axios">Axios</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2019</span>. <q>We have more than 1.7 million refugees, that’s the official number and I think it’s under-reported. Bogota has 375,000 — that’s like the size of New Orleans</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Axios&rft.atitle=Venezuela%27s+Nicol%C3%A1s+Maduro+survives+2019+despite+U.S.+insistence+he%27d+fall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.axios.com%2Fnicolas-maduro-venezuela-regime-change-2020-21f25879-1201-411a-bc8b-497028dbca51.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r951705291">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-LAoct17-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LAoct17_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLeon2017" class="citation news">Leon, Adriana (19 October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-venezuela-refugees-20171019-htmlstory.html">"Driven by unrest and violence, Venezuelans are fleeing their country by the thousands"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Driven+by+unrest+and+violence%2C+Venezuelans+are+fleeing+their+country+by+the+thousands&rft.date=2017-10-19&rft.aulast=Leon&rft.aufirst=Adriana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fworld%2Fmexico-americas%2Fla-fg-venezuela-refugees-20171019-htmlstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://peru21.pe/lima/venezolanos-peru-fecha-hay-cerca-860-mil-extranjeros-migraciones-nndc-496301">"Venezolanos en Perú: Migración se redujo en más de 90% en julio, según Migraciones"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Per%C3%BA.21" title="Perú.21">Perú.21</a></i> (in Spanish). 14 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Per%C3%BA.21&rft.atitle=Venezolanos+en+Per%C3%BA%3A+Migraci%C3%B3n+se+redujo+en+m%C3%A1s+de+90%25+en+julio%2C+seg%C3%BAn+Migraciones&rft.date=2019-08-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fperu21.pe%2Flima%2Fvenezolanos-peru-fecha-hay-cerca-860-mil-extranjeros-migraciones-nndc-496301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/brazil-recalls-diplomats-officials-venezuela-200306061159301.html">"Brazil recalls diplomats, officials from Venezuela"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Al_Jazeera" title="Al Jazeera">Al Jazeera</a></i>. 6 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Brazil+recalls+diplomats%2C+officials+from+Venezuela&rft.date=2020-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F03%2Fbrazil-recalls-diplomats-officials-venezuela-200306061159301.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2019/12/5dea19f34/unhcr-welcomes-brazils-decision-recognize-thousands-venezuelans-refugees.html">"UNHCR welcomes Brazil's decision to recognize thousands of Venezuelans as refugees"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>. 6 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations+High+Commissioner+for+Refugees&rft.atitle=UNHCR+welcomes+Brazil%27s+decision+to+recognize+thousands+of+Venezuelans+as+refugees&rft.date=2019-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2Fnews%2Fbriefing%2F2019%2F12%2F5dea19f34%2Funhcr-welcomes-brazils-decision-recognize-thousands-venezuelans-refugees.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/protestas-en-venezuela/140508/numero-de-venezolanos-en-eeuu-aumento-135-en-un-periodo-de-catorce-ano">Eluniversal.com</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-50559187">"Cómo los venezolanos se están convirtiendo en el chivo expiatorio por las protestas en Sudamérica"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. 28 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=C%C3%B3mo+los+venezolanos+se+est%C3%A1n+convirtiendo+en+el+chivo+expiatorio+por+las+protestas+en+Sudam%C3%A9rica&rft.date=2019-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fmundo%2Fnoticias-america-latina-50559187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFArostegui2018" class="citation news">Arostegui, Martin (18 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/spain-pivotal-role-venezuela-maduro/4259587.html">"Spain Has Pivotal Role in Pressuring Venezuela's Maduro"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Voice+of+America&rft.atitle=Spain+Has+Pivotal+Role+in+Pressuring+Venezuela%27s+Maduro&rft.date=2018-02-18&rft.aulast=Arostegui&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Fspain-pivotal-role-venezuela-maduro%2F4259587.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-UNjune19-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UNjune19_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNjune19_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2019/6/5cfa2a4a4/refugees-migrants-venezuela-top-4-million-unhcr-iom.html">"Refugees and migrants from Venezuela top 4 million: UNHCR and IOM"</a>. <i>UNHCR</i>. UNHCR, IOM. 7 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UNHCR&rft.atitle=Refugees+and+migrants+from+Venezuela+top+4+million%3A+UNHCR+and+IOM&rft.date=2019-06-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2Fnews%2Fpress%2F2019%2F6%2F5cfa2a4a4%2Frefugees-migrants-venezuela-top-4-million-unhcr-iom.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ultimasnoticias.com.ve-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ultimasnoticias.com.ve_10-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Jq2FifZP-0Y/VMJImlJsblI/AAAAAAAAGQE/ph3UElCiBOQ/s1600/01.png">Últimas Noticias (2014), Venezolanos en el exterior</a> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: The named reference "ultimasnoticias.com.ve" was defined multiple times with different content (see the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_references_duplicate_key" title="Help:Cite errors/Cite error references duplicate key">help page</a>).
</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-info2018-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-info2018_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-info2018_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infobae.com/america/venezuela/2018/09/03/el-desgarrador-exodo-de-venezolanos-en-numeros/">"El desgarrador éxodo de los venezolanos, en números"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Infobae" title="Infobae">Infobae</a></i> (in Spanish). 3 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infobae&rft.atitle=El+desgarrador+%C3%A9xodo+de+los+venezolanos%2C+en+n%C3%BAmeros&rft.date=2019-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.infobae.com%2Famerica%2Fvenezuela%2F2018%2F09%2F03%2Fel-desgarrador-exodo-de-venezolanos-en-numeros%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.listindiario.com/amp/s/listindiario.com/larepublica/2020/01/17/600442/mas-de-90-mil-venezolanos-ingresaron-a-rd-por-diferentes-aeropuertos-en-2019">"<span class="cs1-kern-left">"</span>Más de 90 mil venezolanos ingresaron a RD por diferentes aeropuertos en 2019"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Listin_Diario" class="mw-redirect" title="Listin Diario">Listin Diario</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%22M%C3%A1s+de+90+mil+venezolanos+ingresaron+a+RD+por+diferentes+aeropuertos+en+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.listindiario.com%2Famp%2Fs%2Flistindiario.com%2Flarepublica%2F2020%2F01%2F17%2F600442%2Fmas-de-90-mil-venezolanos-ingresaron-a-rd-por-diferentes-aeropuertos-en-2019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-UN2015pop-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN2015pop_13-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimates15.shtml">"United Nations Population Division: Department of Economic and Social Affairs"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Nations_Population_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Population Division">United Nations Population Division</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations+Population+Division&rft.atitle=United+Nations+Population+Division%3A+Department+of+Economic+and+Social+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fdevelopment%2Fdesa%2Fpopulation%2Fmigration%2Fdata%2Festimates2%2Festimates15.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071121023251/http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42">"¿ Cuántos venezolanos hay en Canadá y en Québec?"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quebec-venezuela.org/article.php3?id_article=42">the original</a> on 2007-11-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-12-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C2%BF+Cu%C3%A1ntos+venezolanos+hay+en+Canad%C3%A1+y+en+Qu%C3%A9bec%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quebec-venezuela.org%2Farticle.php3%3Fid_article%3D42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-IOMjun18-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IOMjun18_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.refworld.org.es/pdfid/5bad74e64.pdf">"REPORTE DE FLUJOS MIGRATORIOS EN CENTROAMÉRICA, NORTEAMÉRICA Y EL CARIBE"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_Organization_for_Migration" title="International Organization for Migration">International Organization for Migration</a>. June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=REPORTE+DE+FLUJOS+MIGRATORIOS+EN+CENTROAM%C3%89RICA%2C+NORTEAM%C3%89RICA+Y+EL+CARIBE&rft.pub=International+Organization+for+Migration&rft.date=2018-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.refworld.org.es%2Fpdfid%2F5bad74e64.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ultimahora.com/venezolanos-paraguay-hay-828-radicacion-y-58-piden-refugio-n2791589.html">"Venezolanos en Paraguay: Hay 828 con radicación y 58 piden refugio"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C3%9Altima_Hora_(Paraguay)" title="Última Hora (Paraguay)">Última Hora</a></i> (in Spanish). 15 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%9Altima+Hora&rft.atitle=Venezolanos+en+Paraguay%3A+Hay+828+con+radicaci%C3%B3n+y+58+piden+refugio&rft.date=2019-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ultimahora.com%2Fvenezolanos-paraguay-hay-828-radicacion-y-58-piden-refugio-n2791589.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEbus2018" class="citation news">Ebus, Bram (13 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/13/venezuelan-migrants-caribbean-islands">"Venezuelan migrants live in shadows on Caribbean's sunshine islands"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Venezuelan+migrants+live+in+shadows+on+Caribbean%27s+sunshine+islands&rft.date=2018-11-13&rft.aulast=Ebus&rft.aufirst=Bram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2018%2Fnov%2F13%2Fvenezuelan-migrants-caribbean-islands&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/sociedad/crecera-llegada-venezolanos.html">"En 2019 crecerá un 30% la llegada de venezolanos"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs_(Uruguay)" title="El País (Uruguay)">El País</a></i> (in Spanish). 20 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs&rft.atitle=En+2019+crecer%C3%A1+un+30%25+la+llegada+de+venezolanos&rft.date=2018-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elpais.com.uy%2Finformacion%2Fsociedad%2Fcrecera-llegada-venezolanos.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna783106">"As crisis deepens, more Venezuelans are emigrating to Lebanon"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=As+crisis+deepens%2C+more+Venezuelans+are+emigrating+to+Lebanon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Famp%2Fncna783106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/sociedad/crecera-llegada-venezolanos.html">"En 2019 crecerá un 30% la llegada de venezolanos"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs_(Uruguay)" title="El País (Uruguay)">El País</a></i> (in Spanish). 20 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs&rft.atitle=En+2019+crecer%C3%A1+un+30%25+la+llegada+de+venezolanos&rft.date=2018-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elpais.com.uy%2Finformacion%2Fsociedad%2Fcrecera-llegada-venezolanos.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guyanatimesgy.com/over-5000-venezuelan-migrants-in-guyana/">"Over 5000 Venezuelan migrants in Guyana"</a>. <i>Guyana Times</i>. 27 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guyana+Times&rft.atitle=Over+5000+Venezuelan+migrants+in+Guyana&rft.date=2019-02-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fguyanatimesgy.com%2Fover-5000-venezuelan-migrants-in-guyana%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.el-nacional.com/noticias/latinoamerica/guatemala-exigira-visa-los-migrantes-venezolanos_227485">"Guatemala exigirá visa a los migrantes venezolanos"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Nacional_(Caracas)" class="mw-redirect" title="El Nacional (Caracas)">El Nacional</a></i> (in Spanish). 19 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Nacional&rft.atitle=Guatemala+exigir%C3%A1+visa+a+los+migrantes+venezolanos&rft.date=2018-03-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.el-nacional.com%2Fnoticias%2Flatinoamerica%2Fguatemala-exigira-visa-los-migrantes-venezolanos_227485&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20190215/mas-4-mil-venezolanos-llegaron-bolivia-2018-doble-que-2017">"Más de 4 mil venezolanos llegaron a Bolivia en 2018, el doble que en 2017"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Los_Tiempos" title="Los Tiempos">Los Tiempos</a></i> (in Spanish). 15 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Tiempos&rft.atitle=M%C3%A1s+de+4+mil+venezolanos+llegaron+a+Bolivia+en+2018%2C+el+doble+que+en+2017&rft.date=2019-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lostiempos.com%2Factualidad%2Fpais%2F20190215%2Fmas-4-mil-venezolanos-llegaron-bolivia-2018-doble-que-2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/venezolanosenjapon/?fref=ts">Approximate of Venezuelans living in Japan</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.efe.com/efe/america/politica/venezolanos-en-el-salvador-respaldan-a-juan-guaido-y-exigen-la-salida-de-maduro/20000035-3965373">"Venezolanos en El Salvador respaldan a Juan Guaidó y exigen la salida de Maduro"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/EFE" title="EFE">EFE</a></i> (in Spanish). 30 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EFE&rft.atitle=Venezolanos+en+El+Salvador+respaldan+a+Juan+Guaid%C3%B3+y+exigen+la+salida+de+Maduro&rft.date=2019-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.efe.com%2Fefe%2Famerica%2Fpolitica%2Fvenezolanos-en-el-salvador-respaldan-a-juan-guaido-y-exigen-la-salida-de-maduro%2F20000035-3965373&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.laprensa.hn/mundo/1252913-410/venezolanos-residentes-honduras-compatriotas-lucha-nicolas-maduro-">"Venezolanos residentes en Honduras piden a sus compatriotas no dejar la lucha"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/La_Prensa_(Honduras)" title="La Prensa (Honduras)">La Prensa</a></i> (in Spanish). 23 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Prensa&rft.atitle=Venezolanos+residentes+en+Honduras+piden+a+sus+compatriotas+no+dejar+la+lucha&rft.date=2019-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.laprensa.hn%2Fmundo%2F1252913-410%2Fvenezolanos-residentes-honduras-compatriotas-lucha-nicolas-maduro-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-EUdiaspora-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EUdiaspora_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EUdiaspora_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EUdiaspora_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOlivares2014" class="citation news">Olivares, Francisco (13 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140913/best-and-brightest-for-export">"Best and brightest for export"</a>. El Universal<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Best+and+brightest+for+export&rft.date=2014-09-13&rft.aulast=Olivares&rft.aufirst=Francisco&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com%2Fnacional-y-politica%2F140913%2Fbest-and-brightest-for-export&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-NEWSWEEKdiaspora-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NEWSWEEKdiaspora_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NEWSWEEKdiaspora_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/hugo-chavez-scaring-away-talent-80337">"Hugo Chavez is Scaring Away Talent"</a>. Newsweek. 30 June 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hugo+Chavez+is+Scaring+Away+Talent&rft.date=2009-06-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Fhugo-chavez-scaring-away-talent-80337&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-EUpercent10-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EUpercent10_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140816/ten-percent-of-venezuelans-are-taking-steps-for-emigrating">"Ten percent of Venezuelans are taking steps for emigrating"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Universal_(Caracas)" title="El Universal (Caracas)">El Universal</a>. 16 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ten+percent+of+Venezuelans+are+taking+steps+for+emigrating&rft.date=2014-08-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com%2Fnacional-y-politica%2F140816%2Ften-percent-of-venezuelans-are-taking-steps-for-emigrating&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-JVL-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JVL_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JVL_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JVL_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKrusch" class="citation web">Krusch, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/venezuela.html#5">"The Virtual Jewish World: Venezuela"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jewish_Virtual_Library" title="Jewish Virtual Library">Jewish Virtual Library</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/American%E2%80%93Israeli_Cooperative_Enterprise" title="American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise">American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Virtual+Library&rft.atitle=The+Virtual+Jewish+World%3A+Venezuela&rft.aulast=Krusch&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2Fvjw%2Fvenezuela.html%235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">"More Germans Quit Venezuela: Page 22". <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 27 December 1942.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=More+Germans+Quit+Venezuela%3A+Page+22&rft.date=1942-12-27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJones1982" class="citation journal">Jones, Richard C (April 1982). "Regional Income Inequalities and Government Investment in Venezuela". <i>Regional Income Inequalities and the Journal of Developing Areas</i>. <b>16</b> (3): 373.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regional+Income+Inequalities+and+the+Journal+of+Developing+Areas&rft.atitle=Regional+Income+Inequalities+and+Government+Investment+in+Venezuela&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=373&rft.date=1982-04&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Richard+C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPaulin1997" class="citation news">Paulin, David (6 April 1997). "Venezulans in US fleeing poverty: Rising crime, inflation spur emigration: A, 10:3". <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Venezulans+in+US+fleeing+poverty%3A+Rising+crime%2C+inflation+spur+emigration%3A+A%2C+10%3A3.&rft.date=1997-04-06&rft.aulast=Paulin&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Reuters2007-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters2007_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2007" class="citation news">Brown, Tom (16 July 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/2007/07/17/lifestyle-usa-venezuela-asylum-dc-idUKN1127066720070717">"Venezuelans, fleeing Chavez, seek U.S. safety net"</a>. Reuters<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Venezuelans%2C+fleeing+Chavez%2C+seek+U.S.+safety+net&rft.date=2007-07-16&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2007%2F07%2F17%2Flifestyle-usa-venezuela-asylum-dc-idUKN1127066720070717&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ENHaug28-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ENHaug28_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ENHaug28_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ENHaug28_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMaria_Delgado2014" class="citation news">Maria Delgado, Antonio (28 August 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2014/08/26/1828337/venezuela-agobiada-por-fuga-masiva.html">"Venezuela agobiada por la fuga masiva de cerebros"</a>. El Nuevo Herald<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Venezuela+agobiada+por+la+fuga+masiva+de+cerebros&rft.date=2014-08-28&rft.aulast=Maria+Delgado&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elnuevoherald.com%2F2014%2F08%2F26%2F1828337%2Fvenezuela-agobiada-por-fuga-masiva.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Elimpulso23AUG-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Elimpulso23AUG_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elimpulso23AUG_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elimpulso.com/articulo/el-90-de-los-venezolanos-que-se-van-tienen-formacion-universitaria#">"El 90% de los venezolanos que se van tienen formación universitaria"</a>. El Impulso. 23 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=El+90%25+de+los+venezolanos+que+se+van+tienen+formaci%C3%B3n+universitaria&rft.date=2014-08-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Felimpulso.com%2Farticulo%2Fel-90-de-los-venezolanos-que-se-van-tienen-formacion-universitaria%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMontilla_K.2014" class="citation news">Montilla K., Andrea (4 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140704050947/http://www.el-nacional.com/sociedad/Liceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html">"Liceístas pasan de grado sin cursar varias materias"</a>. El Nacional. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.el-nacional.com/sociedad/Liceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html">the original</a> on 4 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Lice%C3%ADstas+pasan+de+grado+sin+cursar+varias+materias&rft.date=2014-07-04&rft.aulast=Montilla+K.&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.el-nacional.com%2Fsociedad%2FLiceistas-grado-cursar-varias-materias_0_436156494.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.analitica.com/opinion/opinion-internacional/venezuela-migraciones-y-desplazamientos-humanos/">"Venezuela, migraciones y desplazamientos humanos"</a>. 23 May 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Venezuela%2C+migraciones+y+desplazamientos+humanos&rft.date=2003-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.analitica.com%2Fopinion%2Fopinion-internacional%2Fvenezuela-migraciones-y-desplazamientos-humanos%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuelan+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Venezuelan_diaspora&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000">
<tbody><tr>
<td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></td>
<td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Venezuelan_diaspora" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Venezuelan diaspora"><span style="">Venezuelan diaspora</span></a></b></i>.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Venezuela&#124;link=Venezuela_Venezuelan_diaspora" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Venezuelan_diaspora" title="Template:Venezuelan diaspora"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Venezuelan_diaspora" title="Template talk:Venezuelan diaspora"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Venezuelan_diaspora&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Venezuela&#124;link=Venezuela_Venezuelan_diaspora" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela"><img alt="Venezuela" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Venezuelan diaspora</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelan_Brazilians" title="Venezuelan Brazilians">Brazil</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelan_Canadians" title="Venezuelan Canadians">Canada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelan_immigration_to_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan immigration to Mexico">Mexico</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cocoa_panyols" title="Cocoa panyols">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelan_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan American">United States</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelans_in_Uruguay" title="Venezuelans in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg" class="image"><img alt="Venezuelan diaspora map.svg" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg/200px-Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="88" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg/300px-Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg/400px-Venezuelan_diaspora_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="914" data-file-height="403" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelans_in_Spain" title="Venezuelans in Spain">Spain</a></li>
<li><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelaner_i_Sverige" class="extiw" title="sv:Venezuelaner i Sverige">Sweden</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia & Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelan_Australians" title="Venezuelan Australians">Australia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelan_Jews_in_Israel" title="Venezuelan Jews in Israel">Israel</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelan_Syrians" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan Syrians">Syria</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelan_refugee_crisis" title="Venezuelan refugee crisis">Venezuelan refugee crisis</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | 1590704138 |
