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The genre has always been accepted in the mainstream youth culture but hindrances came in the form of changing governments, cultural conservatism, foreign influences and a stiff competition from neighbouring countries.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> Still, pop music thrived and survived with a steady growth. It was not until recent times that Pakistani pop music was to be admired throughout South Asia<ref name="CITEREFMusicalBridge"/> and the rest of the world.
The genre has always been accepted in the mainstream youth culture but hindrances came in the form of changing governments, cultural conservatism, foreign influences and a stiff competition from neighbouring countries.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> Still, pop music thrived and survived with a steady growth. It was not until recent times that Pakistani pop music was to be admired throughout South Asia<ref name="CITEREFMusicalBridge"/> and the rest of the world.

==History==

===1960–80: Rise and fall of [[playback singing]]===
{{Main|Filmi pop|Sohail Rana|Ahmed Rushdi|Runa Laila|Cinema of Pakistan}}

===The Master of Stage, father of pop: Ahmed Rushdi===

[[Image:Ahmed Rushdi 1958.jpg|thumb|left|Rushdi during a live performance]]
After the [[Partition of India|independence]] of [[Pakistan]] in 1947, the most popular form of entertainment in the newly created Pakistan was the medium of film. Cinemas sprouted up in various corners of the nation, especially in [[Lahore]], [[Karachi]] and [[Dhaka|Dacca]] in [[East Pakistan]] and [[playback singing]] became popular. People that tended to move into the genre had to be trained in [[Hindustani classical music|classical music]], usually trained by ''ustads'' who mastered its various forms and styles.
In 1966, a talented young [[playback singer]] [[Ahmed Rushdi]] (now considered as one of the greatest singers of South Asia) sang the first [[South Asian]] pop song “''Ko-Ko-Korina''” for the film ''[[Armaan (1966 film)|Armaan]]''. Composed by [[Sohail Rana]], the song was a blend of 60s [[bubblegum pop]], [[rock and roll]] [[twist (dance)|twist music]] and Pakistani film music. This genre would later be termed as ‘''[[filmi pop]]''’.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> Paired with [[Runa Laila]], the singer is considered the pioneering father of [[pop music]], mostly [[hip-hop]] and [[disco]], in [[South Asia]].

Following Rushdi's success, [[Christianity in Pakistan|Christian]] bands specialising in [[jazz]] started [[gig (musical performance)|performing]] at various night clubs and hotel lobbies<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> in [[Karachi]], [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]] and [[Lahore]]. They would usually sing either famous American jazz hits or cover Rushdi's songs. Rushdi sang playback hits along with Laila until the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] when East Pakistan was declared an independent state. Laila, being a Bengali, decided to leave for the new-found [[Bangladesh]].<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/>

The 1980s saw a nose-dive in the progress of cinema in Pakistan as the nation was left in a state of turmoil over the changes in the government administration. The number of cinemas decreased rapidly and people preferred watching television over going to a cinema.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sdpi.org/help/research_and_news_bulletin/Nov_Dec_2005/history_through_lens_2.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060916000253/http://sdpi.org/help/research_and_news_bulletin/Nov_Dec_2005/history_through_lens_2.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 September 2006|title=History through the lens|publisher=Sustainable Development Policy Institute|accessdate=26 June 2008}}</ref>

===New era and revival: King of Pakistan Pop Alamgir 1972===
{{Main|Anwar Maqsood|Shoaib Mansoor|Alamgir (pop singer)|Muhammad Ali Shahki|Nazia Hassan}}
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Nazia Hassan in 1983.JPG|thumb|right|[[Disco Deewane]] was the best selling album of its time in Asia making [[Nazia Hassan]] the first true iconic [[popstar]] in the region.]] -->

While the cinema in Pakistan was declining, the neighboring [[India]] was gaining in strength in film content and quality. People began admiring the Indian playback counterparts. And when it seemed that [[Music of Pakistan|music in Pakistan]] had no hopes of surviving this foreign influence, [[Anwar Maqsood]] and [[Shoaib Mansoor]] launched the career of Nerissa, Beena and Shabana Benjamin (collectively known as the [[Benjamin Sisters]]) in 1985. The sisters filled television screens with their melodious charms and tabloids started calling it the ''Benjamin Sisters Phenomenon''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pakistaniat.com/2006/12/17/benjamin-sisters-silver-jubilee/|title=Benjamin Sisters: Silver Jubilee|publisher=All Things Pakistan|accessdate=27 June 2008}}</ref>

A few years later came Bengali singer [[Alamgir (pop singer)|Alamgir]]. Like all people from his generation, Alamgir was raised listening to songs by bands like [[ABBA]] and [[Boney M]]. He would do renditions of popular [[New wave music|new wave]] songs in Urdu. In 1973, influenced by [[disco]] and [[funk]], Alamgir sang ''Albela Rahi'', an Urdu song literally translated from a famous Cuban hit originally in Spanish. Alamgir brought a new form of music to Pakistan, one that blended the classical forms with a tint of modern Western music. Hit after another, he proved to be the most successful singer and musician of his time. Alongside Alamgir, [[Muhammad Ali Shehki]] also rose to fame with his renditions of the Hindustani classical forms with mediums like [[jazz]] and [[Rock music|rock]].

[[Hassan Jahangir]] (اردو:حسن جہانگیر) is a Pakistani Pop singer. He gained fame in the '80s with hit singles such as "Hawa Hawa", "Hato Bacho", and "Shadi Na Karna Yaron". He released his first single "Imran Khan is a Superman" in 1982 and went on to release his one and only internationally famous album Hawa Hawa. It sold approximately 15 million copies in India.

===New wave of music and New genres (1980-2000s)===

===The Queen of Disco Pop: Nazia Hassan===
[[File:Nazia Hassan.jpg|thumb|[[Nazia Hassan]] (''circa'' 1994)]]

In 1980, [[Nazia Hassan]], a fifteen-years-old [[Pakistani people|Pakistani]] girl residing in the [[United Kingdom]] was approached by Indian actor and director [[Feroz Khan (actor, born 1939)|Feroz Khan]] along with [[Biddu|Biddu Appaiah]], an [[Music of India|Indian music]] producer who asked her to sing the song "[[Aap Jaisa Koi]]" for the film ''[[Qurbani (film)|Qurbani]]''.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar">{{cite web|url=http://www.naziahassan.co.uk/herlife.htm|title=Nazia's life as a star|publisher=Nazia Hassan Foundation|accessdate=26 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080702054811/http://www.naziahassan.co.uk/herlife.htm|archive-date=2 July 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> She was selected for the nasal quality of the song's delivery. The song became an instant hit in the UK and the [[Indian sub-continent]]. Influenced primarily by [[disco]] beats and [[hip-hop]], Nazia along with her brother [[Zohaib Hassan]] produced successive hits. Their songs ''Disco Deewane'' and ''Tere Qadmon Ko'' became the rage all over [[Asia]] to the extent that their very first album was declared the best selling album of the time in Asia.

The hype did not last for long as with [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]]'s regime came drastic decisions to Islamicise the nation. Almost all music videos were banned to air on local television.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar"/> The religious leaders found the two Hassan siblings dancing together on the stage most un-Islamic. When shown the videos would feature Nazia waist-up to hide her dancing feet.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar"/> Hence, this came as another blow to the music industry.

===Rock music and Zia years (1980–1989)===
{{Main|Zohaib Hassan|Disco Deewane|Music '89|Vital Signs (band)|Junoon (band)|Ali Haider (singer)|Sajjad Ali}}
{{See also|Pakistani rock|Pakistan Television Corporation|Network Television Marketing}}

Despite Zia's tough rhetoric against the Western music, the 1980s era is the widely regarded times of birth and rise of Pakistan's homegrown and ingenious rock music. Immediately following the [[Zia regime|military installation]] of [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] as President, measures were taken to put in place to limit the distribution of music and the only source of entertainment was the government-owned [[television network]] [[Pakistan Television Corporation]] (PTV).<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> A state of the union speech to the public in 1979, President Zia denounced the [[European Union|Western culture]] and [[Rock music in the 1980s|Western music]] and banned all the music videos in the country.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/>

Despite the hardship and problems faced by the music industry, the siblings, [[Nazia Hassan|Nazia]] and her younger brother [[Zohaib Hassan]], teamed up to produce more pop albums, but in the turmoil that Pakistan was headed through, the duo lost [[viewership]] and sales in their own country. They managed to reach [[United Kingdom|UK Top 40]] with the English version of their song "''[[Disco Deewane]]''" titled "''Dreamer Deewane''". The album sold over 14 million records, not only in Asia but as far as [[South America]], [[South Africa]] and [[Soviet Union]]. Nazia Zoheb later produced many other albums in the 1980s e.g., Boom Boom (1982), Young Tarang (1984), Hotline (1987), and Camera Camera (1992) and completely dominated the Pop music scene of Asia during the 1980s.

A new rage of Pop/ [[rock music]], began to rise during the regime of President Zia-ul-Haq. Throughout the 1980s, there was a popular wave of cultural change and the [[1980s in fashion|80's fashion]] hair styles and clothing was beginning to be noticed by the public.<ref name="Greenwood Press"/> The homegrown rock music bands, out of ordinary to the [[Culture of Pakistan|culture]], came to be perceived by many Pakistani fans and country's cultural observers as a "promising new era of cultural revival".<ref name="Greenwood Press"/> Their enormous popularity significantly opened a [[Pakistani rock|new wave]] of [[Music of Pakistan|music]] and a [[History of Pakistan#Third democratic era (1988–1999): Benazir-Nawaz period|modern chapter]] in the [[History of Pakistan|history]] of Pakistan.<ref name="Greenwood Press">{{cite book|last=Malik|first=Iftikhar H.|title=Culture and customs of Pakistan|year=2005|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn.|isbn=0-313-33126-X|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GQTABKAGaVgC&q=vital+signs+band+pakistan&pg=PA177|chapter=Performing Arts and Films}}</ref> The public generally welcomed the new hair styles and fashion wear (popular among university female and male students).<ref name="Greenwood Press"/>

During the peak and end times of Zia's conservative regime, there was a popular wave of cultural change, and the Western fashion style and music stormed the country.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha">{{cite news|last=Nadeem F. Paracha|title=Times of the Vital Sign|url=http://dawn.com/2013/03/28/times-of-the-signs/|accessdate=3 April 2013|newspaper=Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha|date=28 March 2013}}</ref> In the 1980s, various music arrangers held underground rock music concerts in the five-star hotels and university campuses.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> Ironically, it was the conservative regime of President Zia-ul-Haq when the [[Pakistani|rock music]] exploded and underground rock music concerts were held all over the country, including Islamabad and near the residence of Zia-ul-Haq.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> In 1986, the pop band, [[Vital Signs (band)|Vital Signs]], released its very first singles Dil Dil Pakistan and, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7Y_LSwB8Gk ''Do Pal Ka Jeevan''], which became an ultimate success in the country.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7Y_LSwB8Gk See the video]</ref>

The success of Vital Signs helped others to follow their suit, and the rock music in the country skyrocketed for the first time in the [[History of Pakistan|history]] of the country. In a time when there was no hope for the industry to survive, rock/pop music bands notably and much quickly filled the gap that the pop music industry had left.<ref name="Taylor & Francis Ltd."/> According to the Western observers and cultural critics, the rock music bands in the country brought the significant shift of country's transformation into modernism during the 1990s.<ref name="Three Rivers Press">{{cite book|last=LeVine|first=Mark|title=Heavy metal Islam : rock, resistance, and the struggle for the soul of Islam|year=2008|publisher=Three Rivers Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-307-35339-9|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DY9TBRXDi40C&q=vital+signs+band+pakistan&pg=PT250|edition=1st|chapter=The 1980s: The rise of Heavy metal in Pakistan}}</ref> With the rise of Vital Signs and later, [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]] and others, the rock music, exploded in the 1980s and 1990s, became a vehicle for expressing patriotic nationalist spirit in Pakistan.<ref name="Taylor & Francis Ltd.">{{cite book|last=Qadeer|first=Mohammad Abdul|title=Pakistan.|year=2005|publisher=Taylor & Francis Ltd.|location=Hoboken|isbn=978-0-203-09968-1}}</ref>

In 1990, the first privately owned television station, the [[Network Television Marketing]] (NTM) opened up introducing shows aimed at the younger generation. Prior to that, in 1989, Shoaib Mansoor produced a show for PTV called ''[[Music '89]]'' and took the Hassan siblings as the show's host. This show is responsible for single-handedly creating legends out of bands like [[Vital Signs (band)|Vital Signs]], [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]], [[Ali Haider (singer)|Ali Haider]], [[Sajjad Ali]] and [[Jupiters]] also including underground [[alternative rock]] bands like Final Cut and The Barbarians.<ref name="CITEREFBusinessMusic">{{cite web|url=http://www.newsline.com.pk/newsJan2007/cover2Jan2007.htm |title=The Business of Music |publisher=Newsline Pakistan |accessdate=28 June 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919011029/http://www.newsline.com.pk/newsJan2007/cover2Jan2007.htm |archivedate=19 September 2008 }}</ref> According to the editorial written in ''[[The Express Tribune]]'' in 2011, the "Vital Signs and Pakistan's ingenious rock music was the only "arsenal" the country had against India's encroaching [[Bollywood|entertainment industry]]."<ref name="The Express Tribune">{{cite news|last=Hani Taha|title=Catching up with Shahi|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/144373/catching-up-with-shahi/|accessdate=3 April 2013|newspaper=The Express Tribune|date=6 April 2011}}</ref> It was during the midst of Zia times, when [[Dil Dil Pakistan]] was released on television and on a short time period, it became a huge success in the country.

===The heyday of Pakistan pop music: 1990–1999===
{{Main|Music Channel Charts|Pakistani rock|Sufi rock|Qawwali|Ghazal|Pakistani hip hop}}
{{See|Abrar-ul-Haq|Fakhre Alam|Strings (band)|Aamir Zaki|Aamir Saleem|Haroon (singer)|Faakhir Mehmood|Awaz|Hadiqa Kiyani|Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan}}

[[File:Etihad Runway - Strings Performance.jpg|left|250px|thumb|In the 1990s, the [[Strings (band)|Strings]] gained a lot of publicity for their rock/pop music genre.]]
With the success of Vital Signs and other bands, pop/rock music significantly helped to list pop music as well. The [[primetime]] reception on [[Network Television Marketing|NTM]] in [[Lahore]], [[Karachi]] and [[Islamabad]] as NTM broadcast a show titled [[Music Channel Charts]]. The rock music continued to be appreciated by the public and an hour-length show that showcased music videos for various artists in a [[countdown]] format. When people started getting acquainted with the show's format, amateur bands and singers taped their own videos and sent them to be aired. With competition rising and only a few minutes dedicated to a single video, pop and rock musicians from all over the country were being recognised for their work.

The show made upcoming artists such as rapper [[Fakhre Alam]], [[Danish Rahi]], Fringe Benefit (the debut album ''Tanhai'' was recorded and mixed by Tahir Gul Hasan at his recording studios in Karachi), [[Strings (band)|Strings]], Junoon, [[Aamir Saleem]], [[Aamir Zaki]], and [[Haroon (singer)|Haroon Rashid]] and [[Faakhir Mehmood]] from [[Awaz]] household names. The show became the trailblazer and many followed its footstep. Video Countdown (which later became Video Count Down Zabardast Zabar Duss/10) started on PTV and Video Junction (VJ) was one of its kind on NTM which started after the closure of MCC. As PTV became international in 1992 with the launch of PTV2, it opened the international arena for Pakistani Pop artists. More and More International TV channels (especially from across the borders) became visible in Pakistan through satellite. Pakistani artists started making their ways to [[MTV India]] and [[Channel V]] in the late 1990s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/961208/plus3.html|title=Do your own thing|publisher=The Sunday Times|accessdate=27 June 2008}}</ref> and overshadow every effort the Pakistani counterpart would make to highlight the talents within.

The beginning of FM radio in the mid-90s made Pakistani pop more available. People started enjoying the shades of Paki Pop n rock in their cars.

Recording companies like [[EMI|EMI Pakistan]], [[Pepsi|Pepsi Pakistan Inc.]] and Sound Master started taking note of the new and rising stars. They started signing contracts with bands including Strings, Vital Signs, Junoon, Benjamin Sister, and Awaz who would later become iconic pop-rock bands. At this time, various rock/pop bands earned a lot of recognition abroad after Vital Signs made its debut international concert in the United States in 1993.

[[Abrar-ul-Haq]], since his debut with ''[[Billo De Ghar]]'' (1995), became known as the "King of Pakistani Pop",<ref>{{cite journal |title=India Today International |journal=[[India Today International]] |date=2000 |volume=25 |issue=40–52 |page=16 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u7IaAQAAIAAJ |publisher=Living Media India Limited |quote=King of Pakistani Pop Arad Al Hukh}}</ref> having sold over 40.3{{nbsp}}million albums worldwide.<ref name="Abrar">{{cite web|url=http://abraronline.com/statistics.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326225201/http://abraronline.com/statistics.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 March 2009|title=Statistics|website=Abrar-ul-Haq Official Website|accessdate=26 March 2009}}</ref>

[[Hadiqa Kiani]] made her debut in Adnan Sami & Zeba Bakhtiar starrer "Sargam" in 1995 which became a phenomenal hit and the music album of the movie was a chartbuster in Lollywood Top 10 (PTV), Yeh Hai Filmi Dunya (NTM) and FM channels. But Hadiqa continued her music career more as a pop artist instead of a playback. Her albums "Raaz, Rung and Roshni" sold millions and made her an ultimate female pop star after Nazia Hassan. In 1997, Hadiqa became the second international female singer in the world to be signed by Pepsi Pakistan.

In 1999, following the [[Kargil War]], all Indian channel broadcasts were limited or banned in Pakistan and after [[Pervaiz Musharraf]]'s [[coup d'état]], the media was privatised. To cater to the needs of thousands who watched the Indian channels with regularity, programmes were broadcast to match the Indian content. Seeing this as an opportunity, bands returned on the music scene and started producing videos with much richer content. In 2002–03, [[Ghazanfar Ali]], producer and CEO of the [[Indus Media Group]] started his very first venture into the music industry with [[Indus Music]], a channel dedicated to music following the formats used by Western Music Channels. The channel started as a part of the [[Indus Vision]] channel and was later started as a separate channel in 2003.<ref name="CITEREFBusinessMusic"/> With nothing much to watch than a few Pakistani channels, the youngsters in the country would settle in for Indus Music and would become interested in music once again. In 2006 Indus TV Network in an agreement with MTV Intn;l converted Indus Music into MTV Pakistan which continued till 2011 to again become Indus Music.

Rock music continued to gather popularity in the country, as more singers and bands enter the genre. But the law and order situation in Pakistan had limited the number of concerts and artists are not heavily promoting their albums. New musical talent emerged in Pakistan in the decade of 2000. Entity Paradigm, Aaroh, Mizraab, Mizmaar, Fuzon, Raeth, Noori, Mechal Hassan Band, Jal, Roxen, etc. made their name by producing quality music. With the disbanding of Junoon, Ali Azmat launched his solo career, and his first solo album ''Social Circus'' became a success and gave him an iconic image. New female singers like Ainee Khalid, Abresham, and Abeer kept the music scene alive. After Indus Music, ARY Musik (The Musik) Aag (now off-air), Play, and many other music channels were launched which kept the music scene going on. Aag TV was the first-ever Youth Music Channel of Pakistan which presented many thought-provoking programmes as well on youth issues

=== Emergence of bands and popular singers: Atif Aslam and Jal ===
{{Main|Atif Aslam|Jal (band)|Goher Mumtaz|||}}
[[File:Atif Aslam at o2 arena on 22 april 2012.jpg|thumb|Atif Aslam]]The band [[Jal (band)|Jal]] formed in 2003, with [[Atif Aslam]], [[Goher Mumtaz]] and others brought in a new wave of Pakistani pop music with hits like Adaat, Woh Lamhe, and their respective albums. Atif went one to become one of the best Pakistani playback singers till date and Jal went on to become the biggest names in Pakistani band music scene. Moreover, the new wave of cinema in Pakistan supported the pop/rock music scene, as most of the background scores and OSTs of new movies are generally produced by pop/rock artists. Pop/rock artists like [[Atif Aslam]], [[Rahat Fateh Ali Khan]], and [[Ali Zafar]] are equally popular in India in the Bollywood music industry.


== See also ==
== See also ==

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'{{short description|Music genre}} {{Infobox music genre |name= P-pop |color= Red |bgcolor= |cultural_origins = {{hlist|1970s in Pakistan}} |stylistic_origins = {{hlist|[[Indian pop|I-pop]]|[[pop music]]}} |instruments = {{hlist|[[Bass (guitar)|Bass]]|[[Piano]]|[[Guitar]]|[[Drum]]}} |derivatives = |subgenrelist = |subgenres = {{hlist|}} |fusiongenres = |other_topics = {{hlist|}} }} '''P-pop''' refers to [[popular music]] forms in [[Pakistan]]. Pakistani pop is a mixture of traditional Pakistani [[Hindustani classical music|classical music]] and western influences of [[jazz]], [[rock and roll]], [[Hip hop music|hip hop]] and [[disco]] sung in various [[languages of Pakistan]], including [[Urdu]]. The popularity of music is based on the individual sales of a single, viewership of its music video or the singer's album chart positions. Apart from within Pakistan, Pakistani pop music has also achieved an influential following and popularity in neighboring countries and is listened by members of the [[Pakistani diaspora]], especially in the [[Middle East]], [[Europe]] and [[North America]]. Pakistani pop music is attributed to have given birth to the [[pop music|genre]] in the [[South Asia]]n region with [[Ahmed Rushdi]]'s song "[[Ko Ko Korina]]" in 1966.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory">{{cite web|url=http://www.chowk.com/articles/8459|title=Socio-political History of Modern Pop Music in Pakistan|publisher=[[Chowk.com|Chowk]]|accessdate=27 June 2008|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100618091924/http://www.chowk.com/articles/8459|archivedate=18 June 2010}}</ref> Pakistani pop is thus closely related to [[Indian pop]] music, as well as [[Bollywood music]] and [[Bangladeshi rock]]. Subgenres of Pakistani pop music include [[Qawwali]] (a form of [[Sufi music]]), [[Pakistani rock]] (including [[Sufi rock]]), [[Pakistani hip hop]], and [[disco]] (related to [[Music of Bollywood#Disco|Bollywood disco]]). Veterans like [[Runa Laila]] and [[Alamgir Haq|Alamgir]] started the pop industry in [[Pakistan]] while the fifteen-years old pop sensation [[Nazia Hassan|Nazia]] with her brother [[Zohaib Hassan]] ushered the birth of pop music all over [[South Asia]] tailing on the success of her British endeavours.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaLaidToRest">{{cite web|url=http://www.expressindia.com/news/ie/daily/20000907/iin07060.html|title=Nazia Hassan finally laid to rest|publisher=Express Daily, India|accessdate=28 June 2008}}</ref><ref name="CITEREFMadeForNazia">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/192704.cms|title=Made for Nazia, sung by Alisha|publisher=Times of India|accessdate=28 June 2008|first1=Rashmee Z|last1=Ahmed|date=20 September 2003}}</ref> Other popular Pakistani pop artists that followed include [[Abrar-ul-Haq]], [[Fakhre Alam]], [[Strings (band)|Strings]], [[Aamir Zaki]], [[Awaz]], [[Aamir Saleem]], [[Haroon (singer)|Haroon]], [[Faakhir Mehmood]], and [[Hadiqa Kiyani]]. The [[Qawwali]] singer [[Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan]] was also a prominent influence on Pakistani pop music. From Rushdi's pop hits to songs sung by the Hassan siblings, to bands including [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]], [[Vital Signs (band)|Vital Signs]], [[Jal (band)|Jal]] and [[Strings (band)|Strings]], the Pakistani pop industry has steadily spread throughout [[South Asia]] and today is the most popular genre in Pakistan and the neighbouring South Asian countries.<ref name="CITEREFMusicalBridge">{{cite web|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/08/06/opinion/edsharma.php|title=A musical bridge for India and Pakistan|publisher=International Herald Tribune|accessdate=28 June 2008}}</ref> Songs sung by Pakistani pop artists are a regular feature on [[soundtrack]]s of most of the [[Bollywood]] movies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mazaqah.wordpress.com/2008/03/31/bollywood-is-set-to-get-a-bigger-dose-of-pakistani-music-in-2008/|title=Bollywood set to get a bigger dose of Pakistani music in 2008!| publisher=Mazqah|accessdate=28 June 2008}}</ref> The genre has always been accepted in the mainstream youth culture but hindrances came in the form of changing governments, cultural conservatism, foreign influences and a stiff competition from neighbouring countries.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> Still, pop music thrived and survived with a steady growth. It was not until recent times that Pakistani pop music was to be admired throughout South Asia<ref name="CITEREFMusicalBridge"/> and the rest of the world. == See also == * [[Pakistani rock]] * [[Music of Pakistan]] * [[Indian pop]] * [[Pop music]] * [[List of Pakistani pop singers]]'
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext)
'{{short description|Music genre}} {{Infobox music genre |name= P-pop |color= Red |bgcolor= |cultural_origins = {{hlist|1970s in Pakistan}} |stylistic_origins = {{hlist|[[Indian pop|I-pop]]|[[pop music]]}} |instruments = {{hlist|[[Bass (guitar)|Bass]]|[[Piano]]|[[Guitar]]|[[Drum]]}} |derivatives = |subgenrelist = |subgenres = {{hlist|}} |fusiongenres = |other_topics = {{hlist|}} }} '''P-pop''' refers to [[popular music]] forms in [[Pakistan]]. Pakistani pop is a mixture of traditional Pakistani [[Hindustani classical music|classical music]] and western influences of [[jazz]], [[rock and roll]], [[Hip hop music|hip hop]] and [[disco]] sung in various [[languages of Pakistan]], including [[Urdu]]. The popularity of music is based on the individual sales of a single, viewership of its music video or the singer's album chart positions. Apart from within Pakistan, Pakistani pop music has also achieved an influential following and popularity in neighboring countries and is listened by members of the [[Pakistani diaspora]], especially in the [[Middle East]], [[Europe]] and [[North America]]. Pakistani pop music is attributed to have given birth to the [[pop music|genre]] in the [[South Asia]]n region with [[Ahmed Rushdi]]'s song "[[Ko Ko Korina]]" in 1966.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory">{{cite web|url=http://www.chowk.com/articles/8459|title=Socio-political History of Modern Pop Music in Pakistan|publisher=[[Chowk.com|Chowk]]|accessdate=27 June 2008|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100618091924/http://www.chowk.com/articles/8459|archivedate=18 June 2010}}</ref> Pakistani pop is thus closely related to [[Indian pop]] music, as well as [[Bollywood music]] and [[Bangladeshi rock]]. Subgenres of Pakistani pop music include [[Qawwali]] (a form of [[Sufi music]]), [[Pakistani rock]] (including [[Sufi rock]]), [[Pakistani hip hop]], and [[disco]] (related to [[Music of Bollywood#Disco|Bollywood disco]]). Veterans like [[Runa Laila]] and [[Alamgir Haq|Alamgir]] started the pop industry in [[Pakistan]] while the fifteen-years old pop sensation [[Nazia Hassan|Nazia]] with her brother [[Zohaib Hassan]] ushered the birth of pop music all over [[South Asia]] tailing on the success of her British endeavours.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaLaidToRest">{{cite web|url=http://www.expressindia.com/news/ie/daily/20000907/iin07060.html|title=Nazia Hassan finally laid to rest|publisher=Express Daily, India|accessdate=28 June 2008}}</ref><ref name="CITEREFMadeForNazia">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/192704.cms|title=Made for Nazia, sung by Alisha|publisher=Times of India|accessdate=28 June 2008|first1=Rashmee Z|last1=Ahmed|date=20 September 2003}}</ref> Other popular Pakistani pop artists that followed include [[Abrar-ul-Haq]], [[Fakhre Alam]], [[Strings (band)|Strings]], [[Aamir Zaki]], [[Awaz]], [[Aamir Saleem]], [[Haroon (singer)|Haroon]], [[Faakhir Mehmood]], and [[Hadiqa Kiyani]]. The [[Qawwali]] singer [[Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan]] was also a prominent influence on Pakistani pop music. From Rushdi's pop hits to songs sung by the Hassan siblings, to bands including [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]], [[Vital Signs (band)|Vital Signs]], [[Jal (band)|Jal]] and [[Strings (band)|Strings]], the Pakistani pop industry has steadily spread throughout [[South Asia]] and today is the most popular genre in Pakistan and the neighbouring South Asian countries.<ref name="CITEREFMusicalBridge">{{cite web|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/08/06/opinion/edsharma.php|title=A musical bridge for India and Pakistan|publisher=International Herald Tribune|accessdate=28 June 2008}}</ref> Songs sung by Pakistani pop artists are a regular feature on [[soundtrack]]s of most of the [[Bollywood]] movies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mazaqah.wordpress.com/2008/03/31/bollywood-is-set-to-get-a-bigger-dose-of-pakistani-music-in-2008/|title=Bollywood set to get a bigger dose of Pakistani music in 2008!| publisher=Mazqah|accessdate=28 June 2008}}</ref> The genre has always been accepted in the mainstream youth culture but hindrances came in the form of changing governments, cultural conservatism, foreign influences and a stiff competition from neighbouring countries.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> Still, pop music thrived and survived with a steady growth. It was not until recent times that Pakistani pop music was to be admired throughout South Asia<ref name="CITEREFMusicalBridge"/> and the rest of the world. ==History== ===1960–80: Rise and fall of [[playback singing]]=== {{Main|Filmi pop|Sohail Rana|Ahmed Rushdi|Runa Laila|Cinema of Pakistan}} ===The Master of Stage, father of pop: Ahmed Rushdi=== [[Image:Ahmed Rushdi 1958.jpg|thumb|left|Rushdi during a live performance]] After the [[Partition of India|independence]] of [[Pakistan]] in 1947, the most popular form of entertainment in the newly created Pakistan was the medium of film. Cinemas sprouted up in various corners of the nation, especially in [[Lahore]], [[Karachi]] and [[Dhaka|Dacca]] in [[East Pakistan]] and [[playback singing]] became popular. People that tended to move into the genre had to be trained in [[Hindustani classical music|classical music]], usually trained by ''ustads'' who mastered its various forms and styles. In 1966, a talented young [[playback singer]] [[Ahmed Rushdi]] (now considered as one of the greatest singers of South Asia) sang the first [[South Asian]] pop song “''Ko-Ko-Korina''” for the film ''[[Armaan (1966 film)|Armaan]]''. Composed by [[Sohail Rana]], the song was a blend of 60s [[bubblegum pop]], [[rock and roll]] [[twist (dance)|twist music]] and Pakistani film music. This genre would later be termed as ‘''[[filmi pop]]''’.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> Paired with [[Runa Laila]], the singer is considered the pioneering father of [[pop music]], mostly [[hip-hop]] and [[disco]], in [[South Asia]]. Following Rushdi's success, [[Christianity in Pakistan|Christian]] bands specialising in [[jazz]] started [[gig (musical performance)|performing]] at various night clubs and hotel lobbies<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> in [[Karachi]], [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]] and [[Lahore]]. They would usually sing either famous American jazz hits or cover Rushdi's songs. Rushdi sang playback hits along with Laila until the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] when East Pakistan was declared an independent state. Laila, being a Bengali, decided to leave for the new-found [[Bangladesh]].<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> The 1980s saw a nose-dive in the progress of cinema in Pakistan as the nation was left in a state of turmoil over the changes in the government administration. The number of cinemas decreased rapidly and people preferred watching television over going to a cinema.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sdpi.org/help/research_and_news_bulletin/Nov_Dec_2005/history_through_lens_2.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060916000253/http://sdpi.org/help/research_and_news_bulletin/Nov_Dec_2005/history_through_lens_2.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 September 2006|title=History through the lens|publisher=Sustainable Development Policy Institute|accessdate=26 June 2008}}</ref> ===New era and revival: King of Pakistan Pop Alamgir 1972=== {{Main|Anwar Maqsood|Shoaib Mansoor|Alamgir (pop singer)|Muhammad Ali Shahki|Nazia Hassan}} <!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Nazia Hassan in 1983.JPG|thumb|right|[[Disco Deewane]] was the best selling album of its time in Asia making [[Nazia Hassan]] the first true iconic [[popstar]] in the region.]] --> While the cinema in Pakistan was declining, the neighboring [[India]] was gaining in strength in film content and quality. People began admiring the Indian playback counterparts. And when it seemed that [[Music of Pakistan|music in Pakistan]] had no hopes of surviving this foreign influence, [[Anwar Maqsood]] and [[Shoaib Mansoor]] launched the career of Nerissa, Beena and Shabana Benjamin (collectively known as the [[Benjamin Sisters]]) in 1985. The sisters filled television screens with their melodious charms and tabloids started calling it the ''Benjamin Sisters Phenomenon''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pakistaniat.com/2006/12/17/benjamin-sisters-silver-jubilee/|title=Benjamin Sisters: Silver Jubilee|publisher=All Things Pakistan|accessdate=27 June 2008}}</ref> A few years later came Bengali singer [[Alamgir (pop singer)|Alamgir]]. Like all people from his generation, Alamgir was raised listening to songs by bands like [[ABBA]] and [[Boney M]]. He would do renditions of popular [[New wave music|new wave]] songs in Urdu. In 1973, influenced by [[disco]] and [[funk]], Alamgir sang ''Albela Rahi'', an Urdu song literally translated from a famous Cuban hit originally in Spanish. Alamgir brought a new form of music to Pakistan, one that blended the classical forms with a tint of modern Western music. Hit after another, he proved to be the most successful singer and musician of his time. Alongside Alamgir, [[Muhammad Ali Shehki]] also rose to fame with his renditions of the Hindustani classical forms with mediums like [[jazz]] and [[Rock music|rock]]. [[Hassan Jahangir]] (اردو:حسن جہانگیر) is a Pakistani Pop singer. He gained fame in the '80s with hit singles such as "Hawa Hawa", "Hato Bacho", and "Shadi Na Karna Yaron". He released his first single "Imran Khan is a Superman" in 1982 and went on to release his one and only internationally famous album Hawa Hawa. It sold approximately 15 million copies in India. ===New wave of music and New genres (1980-2000s)=== ===The Queen of Disco Pop: Nazia Hassan=== [[File:Nazia Hassan.jpg|thumb|[[Nazia Hassan]] (''circa'' 1994)]] In 1980, [[Nazia Hassan]], a fifteen-years-old [[Pakistani people|Pakistani]] girl residing in the [[United Kingdom]] was approached by Indian actor and director [[Feroz Khan (actor, born 1939)|Feroz Khan]] along with [[Biddu|Biddu Appaiah]], an [[Music of India|Indian music]] producer who asked her to sing the song "[[Aap Jaisa Koi]]" for the film ''[[Qurbani (film)|Qurbani]]''.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar">{{cite web|url=http://www.naziahassan.co.uk/herlife.htm|title=Nazia's life as a star|publisher=Nazia Hassan Foundation|accessdate=26 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080702054811/http://www.naziahassan.co.uk/herlife.htm|archive-date=2 July 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> She was selected for the nasal quality of the song's delivery. The song became an instant hit in the UK and the [[Indian sub-continent]]. Influenced primarily by [[disco]] beats and [[hip-hop]], Nazia along with her brother [[Zohaib Hassan]] produced successive hits. Their songs ''Disco Deewane'' and ''Tere Qadmon Ko'' became the rage all over [[Asia]] to the extent that their very first album was declared the best selling album of the time in Asia. The hype did not last for long as with [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]]'s regime came drastic decisions to Islamicise the nation. Almost all music videos were banned to air on local television.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar"/> The religious leaders found the two Hassan siblings dancing together on the stage most un-Islamic. When shown the videos would feature Nazia waist-up to hide her dancing feet.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar"/> Hence, this came as another blow to the music industry. ===Rock music and Zia years (1980–1989)=== {{Main|Zohaib Hassan|Disco Deewane|Music '89|Vital Signs (band)|Junoon (band)|Ali Haider (singer)|Sajjad Ali}} {{See also|Pakistani rock|Pakistan Television Corporation|Network Television Marketing}} Despite Zia's tough rhetoric against the Western music, the 1980s era is the widely regarded times of birth and rise of Pakistan's homegrown and ingenious rock music. Immediately following the [[Zia regime|military installation]] of [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] as President, measures were taken to put in place to limit the distribution of music and the only source of entertainment was the government-owned [[television network]] [[Pakistan Television Corporation]] (PTV).<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> A state of the union speech to the public in 1979, President Zia denounced the [[European Union|Western culture]] and [[Rock music in the 1980s|Western music]] and banned all the music videos in the country.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> Despite the hardship and problems faced by the music industry, the siblings, [[Nazia Hassan|Nazia]] and her younger brother [[Zohaib Hassan]], teamed up to produce more pop albums, but in the turmoil that Pakistan was headed through, the duo lost [[viewership]] and sales in their own country. They managed to reach [[United Kingdom|UK Top 40]] with the English version of their song "''[[Disco Deewane]]''" titled "''Dreamer Deewane''". The album sold over 14 million records, not only in Asia but as far as [[South America]], [[South Africa]] and [[Soviet Union]]. Nazia Zoheb later produced many other albums in the 1980s e.g., Boom Boom (1982), Young Tarang (1984), Hotline (1987), and Camera Camera (1992) and completely dominated the Pop music scene of Asia during the 1980s. A new rage of Pop/ [[rock music]], began to rise during the regime of President Zia-ul-Haq. Throughout the 1980s, there was a popular wave of cultural change and the [[1980s in fashion|80's fashion]] hair styles and clothing was beginning to be noticed by the public.<ref name="Greenwood Press"/> The homegrown rock music bands, out of ordinary to the [[Culture of Pakistan|culture]], came to be perceived by many Pakistani fans and country's cultural observers as a "promising new era of cultural revival".<ref name="Greenwood Press"/> Their enormous popularity significantly opened a [[Pakistani rock|new wave]] of [[Music of Pakistan|music]] and a [[History of Pakistan#Third democratic era (1988–1999): Benazir-Nawaz period|modern chapter]] in the [[History of Pakistan|history]] of Pakistan.<ref name="Greenwood Press">{{cite book|last=Malik|first=Iftikhar H.|title=Culture and customs of Pakistan|year=2005|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn.|isbn=0-313-33126-X|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GQTABKAGaVgC&q=vital+signs+band+pakistan&pg=PA177|chapter=Performing Arts and Films}}</ref> The public generally welcomed the new hair styles and fashion wear (popular among university female and male students).<ref name="Greenwood Press"/> During the peak and end times of Zia's conservative regime, there was a popular wave of cultural change, and the Western fashion style and music stormed the country.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha">{{cite news|last=Nadeem F. Paracha|title=Times of the Vital Sign|url=http://dawn.com/2013/03/28/times-of-the-signs/|accessdate=3 April 2013|newspaper=Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha|date=28 March 2013}}</ref> In the 1980s, various music arrangers held underground rock music concerts in the five-star hotels and university campuses.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> Ironically, it was the conservative regime of President Zia-ul-Haq when the [[Pakistani|rock music]] exploded and underground rock music concerts were held all over the country, including Islamabad and near the residence of Zia-ul-Haq.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> In 1986, the pop band, [[Vital Signs (band)|Vital Signs]], released its very first singles Dil Dil Pakistan and, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7Y_LSwB8Gk ''Do Pal Ka Jeevan''], which became an ultimate success in the country.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7Y_LSwB8Gk See the video]</ref> The success of Vital Signs helped others to follow their suit, and the rock music in the country skyrocketed for the first time in the [[History of Pakistan|history]] of the country. In a time when there was no hope for the industry to survive, rock/pop music bands notably and much quickly filled the gap that the pop music industry had left.<ref name="Taylor & Francis Ltd."/> According to the Western observers and cultural critics, the rock music bands in the country brought the significant shift of country's transformation into modernism during the 1990s.<ref name="Three Rivers Press">{{cite book|last=LeVine|first=Mark|title=Heavy metal Islam : rock, resistance, and the struggle for the soul of Islam|year=2008|publisher=Three Rivers Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-307-35339-9|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DY9TBRXDi40C&q=vital+signs+band+pakistan&pg=PT250|edition=1st|chapter=The 1980s: The rise of Heavy metal in Pakistan}}</ref> With the rise of Vital Signs and later, [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]] and others, the rock music, exploded in the 1980s and 1990s, became a vehicle for expressing patriotic nationalist spirit in Pakistan.<ref name="Taylor & Francis Ltd.">{{cite book|last=Qadeer|first=Mohammad Abdul|title=Pakistan.|year=2005|publisher=Taylor & Francis Ltd.|location=Hoboken|isbn=978-0-203-09968-1}}</ref> In 1990, the first privately owned television station, the [[Network Television Marketing]] (NTM) opened up introducing shows aimed at the younger generation. Prior to that, in 1989, Shoaib Mansoor produced a show for PTV called ''[[Music '89]]'' and took the Hassan siblings as the show's host. This show is responsible for single-handedly creating legends out of bands like [[Vital Signs (band)|Vital Signs]], [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]], [[Ali Haider (singer)|Ali Haider]], [[Sajjad Ali]] and [[Jupiters]] also including underground [[alternative rock]] bands like Final Cut and The Barbarians.<ref name="CITEREFBusinessMusic">{{cite web|url=http://www.newsline.com.pk/newsJan2007/cover2Jan2007.htm |title=The Business of Music |publisher=Newsline Pakistan |accessdate=28 June 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919011029/http://www.newsline.com.pk/newsJan2007/cover2Jan2007.htm |archivedate=19 September 2008 }}</ref> According to the editorial written in ''[[The Express Tribune]]'' in 2011, the "Vital Signs and Pakistan's ingenious rock music was the only "arsenal" the country had against India's encroaching [[Bollywood|entertainment industry]]."<ref name="The Express Tribune">{{cite news|last=Hani Taha|title=Catching up with Shahi|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/144373/catching-up-with-shahi/|accessdate=3 April 2013|newspaper=The Express Tribune|date=6 April 2011}}</ref> It was during the midst of Zia times, when [[Dil Dil Pakistan]] was released on television and on a short time period, it became a huge success in the country. ===The heyday of Pakistan pop music: 1990–1999=== {{Main|Music Channel Charts|Pakistani rock|Sufi rock|Qawwali|Ghazal|Pakistani hip hop}} {{See|Abrar-ul-Haq|Fakhre Alam|Strings (band)|Aamir Zaki|Aamir Saleem|Haroon (singer)|Faakhir Mehmood|Awaz|Hadiqa Kiyani|Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan}} [[File:Etihad Runway - Strings Performance.jpg|left|250px|thumb|In the 1990s, the [[Strings (band)|Strings]] gained a lot of publicity for their rock/pop music genre.]] With the success of Vital Signs and other bands, pop/rock music significantly helped to list pop music as well. The [[primetime]] reception on [[Network Television Marketing|NTM]] in [[Lahore]], [[Karachi]] and [[Islamabad]] as NTM broadcast a show titled [[Music Channel Charts]]. The rock music continued to be appreciated by the public and an hour-length show that showcased music videos for various artists in a [[countdown]] format. When people started getting acquainted with the show's format, amateur bands and singers taped their own videos and sent them to be aired. With competition rising and only a few minutes dedicated to a single video, pop and rock musicians from all over the country were being recognised for their work. The show made upcoming artists such as rapper [[Fakhre Alam]], [[Danish Rahi]], Fringe Benefit (the debut album ''Tanhai'' was recorded and mixed by Tahir Gul Hasan at his recording studios in Karachi), [[Strings (band)|Strings]], Junoon, [[Aamir Saleem]], [[Aamir Zaki]], and [[Haroon (singer)|Haroon Rashid]] and [[Faakhir Mehmood]] from [[Awaz]] household names. The show became the trailblazer and many followed its footstep. Video Countdown (which later became Video Count Down Zabardast Zabar Duss/10) started on PTV and Video Junction (VJ) was one of its kind on NTM which started after the closure of MCC. As PTV became international in 1992 with the launch of PTV2, it opened the international arena for Pakistani Pop artists. More and More International TV channels (especially from across the borders) became visible in Pakistan through satellite. Pakistani artists started making their ways to [[MTV India]] and [[Channel V]] in the late 1990s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/961208/plus3.html|title=Do your own thing|publisher=The Sunday Times|accessdate=27 June 2008}}</ref> and overshadow every effort the Pakistani counterpart would make to highlight the talents within. The beginning of FM radio in the mid-90s made Pakistani pop more available. People started enjoying the shades of Paki Pop n rock in their cars. Recording companies like [[EMI|EMI Pakistan]], [[Pepsi|Pepsi Pakistan Inc.]] and Sound Master started taking note of the new and rising stars. They started signing contracts with bands including Strings, Vital Signs, Junoon, Benjamin Sister, and Awaz who would later become iconic pop-rock bands. At this time, various rock/pop bands earned a lot of recognition abroad after Vital Signs made its debut international concert in the United States in 1993. [[Abrar-ul-Haq]], since his debut with ''[[Billo De Ghar]]'' (1995), became known as the "King of Pakistani Pop",<ref>{{cite journal |title=India Today International |journal=[[India Today International]] |date=2000 |volume=25 |issue=40–52 |page=16 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u7IaAQAAIAAJ |publisher=Living Media India Limited |quote=King of Pakistani Pop Arad Al Hukh}}</ref> having sold over 40.3{{nbsp}}million albums worldwide.<ref name="Abrar">{{cite web|url=http://abraronline.com/statistics.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326225201/http://abraronline.com/statistics.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 March 2009|title=Statistics|website=Abrar-ul-Haq Official Website|accessdate=26 March 2009}}</ref> [[Hadiqa Kiani]] made her debut in Adnan Sami & Zeba Bakhtiar starrer "Sargam" in 1995 which became a phenomenal hit and the music album of the movie was a chartbuster in Lollywood Top 10 (PTV), Yeh Hai Filmi Dunya (NTM) and FM channels. But Hadiqa continued her music career more as a pop artist instead of a playback. Her albums "Raaz, Rung and Roshni" sold millions and made her an ultimate female pop star after Nazia Hassan. In 1997, Hadiqa became the second international female singer in the world to be signed by Pepsi Pakistan. In 1999, following the [[Kargil War]], all Indian channel broadcasts were limited or banned in Pakistan and after [[Pervaiz Musharraf]]'s [[coup d'état]], the media was privatised. To cater to the needs of thousands who watched the Indian channels with regularity, programmes were broadcast to match the Indian content. Seeing this as an opportunity, bands returned on the music scene and started producing videos with much richer content. In 2002–03, [[Ghazanfar Ali]], producer and CEO of the [[Indus Media Group]] started his very first venture into the music industry with [[Indus Music]], a channel dedicated to music following the formats used by Western Music Channels. The channel started as a part of the [[Indus Vision]] channel and was later started as a separate channel in 2003.<ref name="CITEREFBusinessMusic"/> With nothing much to watch than a few Pakistani channels, the youngsters in the country would settle in for Indus Music and would become interested in music once again. In 2006 Indus TV Network in an agreement with MTV Intn;l converted Indus Music into MTV Pakistan which continued till 2011 to again become Indus Music. Rock music continued to gather popularity in the country, as more singers and bands enter the genre. But the law and order situation in Pakistan had limited the number of concerts and artists are not heavily promoting their albums. New musical talent emerged in Pakistan in the decade of 2000. Entity Paradigm, Aaroh, Mizraab, Mizmaar, Fuzon, Raeth, Noori, Mechal Hassan Band, Jal, Roxen, etc. made their name by producing quality music. With the disbanding of Junoon, Ali Azmat launched his solo career, and his first solo album ''Social Circus'' became a success and gave him an iconic image. New female singers like Ainee Khalid, Abresham, and Abeer kept the music scene alive. After Indus Music, ARY Musik (The Musik) Aag (now off-air), Play, and many other music channels were launched which kept the music scene going on. Aag TV was the first-ever Youth Music Channel of Pakistan which presented many thought-provoking programmes as well on youth issues === Emergence of bands and popular singers: Atif Aslam and Jal === {{Main|Atif Aslam|Jal (band)|Goher Mumtaz|||}} [[File:Atif Aslam at o2 arena on 22 april 2012.jpg|thumb|Atif Aslam]]The band [[Jal (band)|Jal]] formed in 2003, with [[Atif Aslam]], [[Goher Mumtaz]] and others brought in a new wave of Pakistani pop music with hits like Adaat, Woh Lamhe, and their respective albums. Atif went one to become one of the best Pakistani playback singers till date and Jal went on to become the biggest names in Pakistani band music scene. Moreover, the new wave of cinema in Pakistan supported the pop/rock music scene, as most of the background scores and OSTs of new movies are generally produced by pop/rock artists. Pop/rock artists like [[Atif Aslam]], [[Rahat Fateh Ali Khan]], and [[Ali Zafar]] are equally popular in India in the Bollywood music industry. == See also == * [[Pakistani rock]] * [[Music of Pakistan]] * [[Indian pop]] * [[Pop music]] * [[List of Pakistani pop singers]]'
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff)
'@@ -23,4 +23,79 @@ The genre has always been accepted in the mainstream youth culture but hindrances came in the form of changing governments, cultural conservatism, foreign influences and a stiff competition from neighbouring countries.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> Still, pop music thrived and survived with a steady growth. It was not until recent times that Pakistani pop music was to be admired throughout South Asia<ref name="CITEREFMusicalBridge"/> and the rest of the world. + +==History== + +===1960–80: Rise and fall of [[playback singing]]=== +{{Main|Filmi pop|Sohail Rana|Ahmed Rushdi|Runa Laila|Cinema of Pakistan}} + +===The Master of Stage, father of pop: Ahmed Rushdi=== + +[[Image:Ahmed Rushdi 1958.jpg|thumb|left|Rushdi during a live performance]] +After the [[Partition of India|independence]] of [[Pakistan]] in 1947, the most popular form of entertainment in the newly created Pakistan was the medium of film. Cinemas sprouted up in various corners of the nation, especially in [[Lahore]], [[Karachi]] and [[Dhaka|Dacca]] in [[East Pakistan]] and [[playback singing]] became popular. People that tended to move into the genre had to be trained in [[Hindustani classical music|classical music]], usually trained by ''ustads'' who mastered its various forms and styles. +In 1966, a talented young [[playback singer]] [[Ahmed Rushdi]] (now considered as one of the greatest singers of South Asia) sang the first [[South Asian]] pop song “''Ko-Ko-Korina''” for the film ''[[Armaan (1966 film)|Armaan]]''. Composed by [[Sohail Rana]], the song was a blend of 60s [[bubblegum pop]], [[rock and roll]] [[twist (dance)|twist music]] and Pakistani film music. This genre would later be termed as ‘''[[filmi pop]]''’.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> Paired with [[Runa Laila]], the singer is considered the pioneering father of [[pop music]], mostly [[hip-hop]] and [[disco]], in [[South Asia]]. + +Following Rushdi's success, [[Christianity in Pakistan|Christian]] bands specialising in [[jazz]] started [[gig (musical performance)|performing]] at various night clubs and hotel lobbies<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> in [[Karachi]], [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]] and [[Lahore]]. They would usually sing either famous American jazz hits or cover Rushdi's songs. Rushdi sang playback hits along with Laila until the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] when East Pakistan was declared an independent state. Laila, being a Bengali, decided to leave for the new-found [[Bangladesh]].<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> + +The 1980s saw a nose-dive in the progress of cinema in Pakistan as the nation was left in a state of turmoil over the changes in the government administration. The number of cinemas decreased rapidly and people preferred watching television over going to a cinema.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sdpi.org/help/research_and_news_bulletin/Nov_Dec_2005/history_through_lens_2.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060916000253/http://sdpi.org/help/research_and_news_bulletin/Nov_Dec_2005/history_through_lens_2.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 September 2006|title=History through the lens|publisher=Sustainable Development Policy Institute|accessdate=26 June 2008}}</ref> + +===New era and revival: King of Pakistan Pop Alamgir 1972=== +{{Main|Anwar Maqsood|Shoaib Mansoor|Alamgir (pop singer)|Muhammad Ali Shahki|Nazia Hassan}} +<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Nazia Hassan in 1983.JPG|thumb|right|[[Disco Deewane]] was the best selling album of its time in Asia making [[Nazia Hassan]] the first true iconic [[popstar]] in the region.]] --> + +While the cinema in Pakistan was declining, the neighboring [[India]] was gaining in strength in film content and quality. People began admiring the Indian playback counterparts. And when it seemed that [[Music of Pakistan|music in Pakistan]] had no hopes of surviving this foreign influence, [[Anwar Maqsood]] and [[Shoaib Mansoor]] launched the career of Nerissa, Beena and Shabana Benjamin (collectively known as the [[Benjamin Sisters]]) in 1985. The sisters filled television screens with their melodious charms and tabloids started calling it the ''Benjamin Sisters Phenomenon''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pakistaniat.com/2006/12/17/benjamin-sisters-silver-jubilee/|title=Benjamin Sisters: Silver Jubilee|publisher=All Things Pakistan|accessdate=27 June 2008}}</ref> + +A few years later came Bengali singer [[Alamgir (pop singer)|Alamgir]]. Like all people from his generation, Alamgir was raised listening to songs by bands like [[ABBA]] and [[Boney M]]. He would do renditions of popular [[New wave music|new wave]] songs in Urdu. In 1973, influenced by [[disco]] and [[funk]], Alamgir sang ''Albela Rahi'', an Urdu song literally translated from a famous Cuban hit originally in Spanish. Alamgir brought a new form of music to Pakistan, one that blended the classical forms with a tint of modern Western music. Hit after another, he proved to be the most successful singer and musician of his time. Alongside Alamgir, [[Muhammad Ali Shehki]] also rose to fame with his renditions of the Hindustani classical forms with mediums like [[jazz]] and [[Rock music|rock]]. + +[[Hassan Jahangir]] (اردو:حسن جہانگیر) is a Pakistani Pop singer. He gained fame in the '80s with hit singles such as "Hawa Hawa", "Hato Bacho", and "Shadi Na Karna Yaron". He released his first single "Imran Khan is a Superman" in 1982 and went on to release his one and only internationally famous album Hawa Hawa. It sold approximately 15 million copies in India. + +===New wave of music and New genres (1980-2000s)=== + +===The Queen of Disco Pop: Nazia Hassan=== +[[File:Nazia Hassan.jpg|thumb|[[Nazia Hassan]] (''circa'' 1994)]] + +In 1980, [[Nazia Hassan]], a fifteen-years-old [[Pakistani people|Pakistani]] girl residing in the [[United Kingdom]] was approached by Indian actor and director [[Feroz Khan (actor, born 1939)|Feroz Khan]] along with [[Biddu|Biddu Appaiah]], an [[Music of India|Indian music]] producer who asked her to sing the song "[[Aap Jaisa Koi]]" for the film ''[[Qurbani (film)|Qurbani]]''.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar">{{cite web|url=http://www.naziahassan.co.uk/herlife.htm|title=Nazia's life as a star|publisher=Nazia Hassan Foundation|accessdate=26 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080702054811/http://www.naziahassan.co.uk/herlife.htm|archive-date=2 July 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> She was selected for the nasal quality of the song's delivery. The song became an instant hit in the UK and the [[Indian sub-continent]]. Influenced primarily by [[disco]] beats and [[hip-hop]], Nazia along with her brother [[Zohaib Hassan]] produced successive hits. Their songs ''Disco Deewane'' and ''Tere Qadmon Ko'' became the rage all over [[Asia]] to the extent that their very first album was declared the best selling album of the time in Asia. + +The hype did not last for long as with [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]]'s regime came drastic decisions to Islamicise the nation. Almost all music videos were banned to air on local television.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar"/> The religious leaders found the two Hassan siblings dancing together on the stage most un-Islamic. When shown the videos would feature Nazia waist-up to hide her dancing feet.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar"/> Hence, this came as another blow to the music industry. + +===Rock music and Zia years (1980–1989)=== +{{Main|Zohaib Hassan|Disco Deewane|Music '89|Vital Signs (band)|Junoon (band)|Ali Haider (singer)|Sajjad Ali}} +{{See also|Pakistani rock|Pakistan Television Corporation|Network Television Marketing}} + +Despite Zia's tough rhetoric against the Western music, the 1980s era is the widely regarded times of birth and rise of Pakistan's homegrown and ingenious rock music. Immediately following the [[Zia regime|military installation]] of [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] as President, measures were taken to put in place to limit the distribution of music and the only source of entertainment was the government-owned [[television network]] [[Pakistan Television Corporation]] (PTV).<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> A state of the union speech to the public in 1979, President Zia denounced the [[European Union|Western culture]] and [[Rock music in the 1980s|Western music]] and banned all the music videos in the country.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> + +Despite the hardship and problems faced by the music industry, the siblings, [[Nazia Hassan|Nazia]] and her younger brother [[Zohaib Hassan]], teamed up to produce more pop albums, but in the turmoil that Pakistan was headed through, the duo lost [[viewership]] and sales in their own country. They managed to reach [[United Kingdom|UK Top 40]] with the English version of their song "''[[Disco Deewane]]''" titled "''Dreamer Deewane''". The album sold over 14 million records, not only in Asia but as far as [[South America]], [[South Africa]] and [[Soviet Union]]. Nazia Zoheb later produced many other albums in the 1980s e.g., Boom Boom (1982), Young Tarang (1984), Hotline (1987), and Camera Camera (1992) and completely dominated the Pop music scene of Asia during the 1980s. + +A new rage of Pop/ [[rock music]], began to rise during the regime of President Zia-ul-Haq. Throughout the 1980s, there was a popular wave of cultural change and the [[1980s in fashion|80's fashion]] hair styles and clothing was beginning to be noticed by the public.<ref name="Greenwood Press"/> The homegrown rock music bands, out of ordinary to the [[Culture of Pakistan|culture]], came to be perceived by many Pakistani fans and country's cultural observers as a "promising new era of cultural revival".<ref name="Greenwood Press"/> Their enormous popularity significantly opened a [[Pakistani rock|new wave]] of [[Music of Pakistan|music]] and a [[History of Pakistan#Third democratic era (1988–1999): Benazir-Nawaz period|modern chapter]] in the [[History of Pakistan|history]] of Pakistan.<ref name="Greenwood Press">{{cite book|last=Malik|first=Iftikhar H.|title=Culture and customs of Pakistan|year=2005|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn.|isbn=0-313-33126-X|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GQTABKAGaVgC&q=vital+signs+band+pakistan&pg=PA177|chapter=Performing Arts and Films}}</ref> The public generally welcomed the new hair styles and fashion wear (popular among university female and male students).<ref name="Greenwood Press"/> + +During the peak and end times of Zia's conservative regime, there was a popular wave of cultural change, and the Western fashion style and music stormed the country.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha">{{cite news|last=Nadeem F. Paracha|title=Times of the Vital Sign|url=http://dawn.com/2013/03/28/times-of-the-signs/|accessdate=3 April 2013|newspaper=Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha|date=28 March 2013}}</ref> In the 1980s, various music arrangers held underground rock music concerts in the five-star hotels and university campuses.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> Ironically, it was the conservative regime of President Zia-ul-Haq when the [[Pakistani|rock music]] exploded and underground rock music concerts were held all over the country, including Islamabad and near the residence of Zia-ul-Haq.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> In 1986, the pop band, [[Vital Signs (band)|Vital Signs]], released its very first singles Dil Dil Pakistan and, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7Y_LSwB8Gk ''Do Pal Ka Jeevan''], which became an ultimate success in the country.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7Y_LSwB8Gk See the video]</ref> + +The success of Vital Signs helped others to follow their suit, and the rock music in the country skyrocketed for the first time in the [[History of Pakistan|history]] of the country. In a time when there was no hope for the industry to survive, rock/pop music bands notably and much quickly filled the gap that the pop music industry had left.<ref name="Taylor & Francis Ltd."/> According to the Western observers and cultural critics, the rock music bands in the country brought the significant shift of country's transformation into modernism during the 1990s.<ref name="Three Rivers Press">{{cite book|last=LeVine|first=Mark|title=Heavy metal Islam : rock, resistance, and the struggle for the soul of Islam|year=2008|publisher=Three Rivers Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-307-35339-9|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DY9TBRXDi40C&q=vital+signs+band+pakistan&pg=PT250|edition=1st|chapter=The 1980s: The rise of Heavy metal in Pakistan}}</ref> With the rise of Vital Signs and later, [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]] and others, the rock music, exploded in the 1980s and 1990s, became a vehicle for expressing patriotic nationalist spirit in Pakistan.<ref name="Taylor & Francis Ltd.">{{cite book|last=Qadeer|first=Mohammad Abdul|title=Pakistan.|year=2005|publisher=Taylor & Francis Ltd.|location=Hoboken|isbn=978-0-203-09968-1}}</ref> + +In 1990, the first privately owned television station, the [[Network Television Marketing]] (NTM) opened up introducing shows aimed at the younger generation. Prior to that, in 1989, Shoaib Mansoor produced a show for PTV called ''[[Music '89]]'' and took the Hassan siblings as the show's host. This show is responsible for single-handedly creating legends out of bands like [[Vital Signs (band)|Vital Signs]], [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]], [[Ali Haider (singer)|Ali Haider]], [[Sajjad Ali]] and [[Jupiters]] also including underground [[alternative rock]] bands like Final Cut and The Barbarians.<ref name="CITEREFBusinessMusic">{{cite web|url=http://www.newsline.com.pk/newsJan2007/cover2Jan2007.htm |title=The Business of Music |publisher=Newsline Pakistan |accessdate=28 June 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919011029/http://www.newsline.com.pk/newsJan2007/cover2Jan2007.htm |archivedate=19 September 2008 }}</ref> According to the editorial written in ''[[The Express Tribune]]'' in 2011, the "Vital Signs and Pakistan's ingenious rock music was the only "arsenal" the country had against India's encroaching [[Bollywood|entertainment industry]]."<ref name="The Express Tribune">{{cite news|last=Hani Taha|title=Catching up with Shahi|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/144373/catching-up-with-shahi/|accessdate=3 April 2013|newspaper=The Express Tribune|date=6 April 2011}}</ref> It was during the midst of Zia times, when [[Dil Dil Pakistan]] was released on television and on a short time period, it became a huge success in the country. + +===The heyday of Pakistan pop music: 1990–1999=== +{{Main|Music Channel Charts|Pakistani rock|Sufi rock|Qawwali|Ghazal|Pakistani hip hop}} +{{See|Abrar-ul-Haq|Fakhre Alam|Strings (band)|Aamir Zaki|Aamir Saleem|Haroon (singer)|Faakhir Mehmood|Awaz|Hadiqa Kiyani|Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan}} + +[[File:Etihad Runway - Strings Performance.jpg|left|250px|thumb|In the 1990s, the [[Strings (band)|Strings]] gained a lot of publicity for their rock/pop music genre.]] +With the success of Vital Signs and other bands, pop/rock music significantly helped to list pop music as well. The [[primetime]] reception on [[Network Television Marketing|NTM]] in [[Lahore]], [[Karachi]] and [[Islamabad]] as NTM broadcast a show titled [[Music Channel Charts]]. The rock music continued to be appreciated by the public and an hour-length show that showcased music videos for various artists in a [[countdown]] format. When people started getting acquainted with the show's format, amateur bands and singers taped their own videos and sent them to be aired. With competition rising and only a few minutes dedicated to a single video, pop and rock musicians from all over the country were being recognised for their work. + +The show made upcoming artists such as rapper [[Fakhre Alam]], [[Danish Rahi]], Fringe Benefit (the debut album ''Tanhai'' was recorded and mixed by Tahir Gul Hasan at his recording studios in Karachi), [[Strings (band)|Strings]], Junoon, [[Aamir Saleem]], [[Aamir Zaki]], and [[Haroon (singer)|Haroon Rashid]] and [[Faakhir Mehmood]] from [[Awaz]] household names. The show became the trailblazer and many followed its footstep. Video Countdown (which later became Video Count Down Zabardast Zabar Duss/10) started on PTV and Video Junction (VJ) was one of its kind on NTM which started after the closure of MCC. As PTV became international in 1992 with the launch of PTV2, it opened the international arena for Pakistani Pop artists. More and More International TV channels (especially from across the borders) became visible in Pakistan through satellite. Pakistani artists started making their ways to [[MTV India]] and [[Channel V]] in the late 1990s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/961208/plus3.html|title=Do your own thing|publisher=The Sunday Times|accessdate=27 June 2008}}</ref> and overshadow every effort the Pakistani counterpart would make to highlight the talents within. + +The beginning of FM radio in the mid-90s made Pakistani pop more available. People started enjoying the shades of Paki Pop n rock in their cars. + +Recording companies like [[EMI|EMI Pakistan]], [[Pepsi|Pepsi Pakistan Inc.]] and Sound Master started taking note of the new and rising stars. They started signing contracts with bands including Strings, Vital Signs, Junoon, Benjamin Sister, and Awaz who would later become iconic pop-rock bands. At this time, various rock/pop bands earned a lot of recognition abroad after Vital Signs made its debut international concert in the United States in 1993. + +[[Abrar-ul-Haq]], since his debut with ''[[Billo De Ghar]]'' (1995), became known as the "King of Pakistani Pop",<ref>{{cite journal |title=India Today International |journal=[[India Today International]] |date=2000 |volume=25 |issue=40–52 |page=16 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u7IaAQAAIAAJ |publisher=Living Media India Limited |quote=King of Pakistani Pop Arad Al Hukh}}</ref> having sold over 40.3{{nbsp}}million albums worldwide.<ref name="Abrar">{{cite web|url=http://abraronline.com/statistics.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326225201/http://abraronline.com/statistics.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 March 2009|title=Statistics|website=Abrar-ul-Haq Official Website|accessdate=26 March 2009}}</ref> + +[[Hadiqa Kiani]] made her debut in Adnan Sami & Zeba Bakhtiar starrer "Sargam" in 1995 which became a phenomenal hit and the music album of the movie was a chartbuster in Lollywood Top 10 (PTV), Yeh Hai Filmi Dunya (NTM) and FM channels. But Hadiqa continued her music career more as a pop artist instead of a playback. Her albums "Raaz, Rung and Roshni" sold millions and made her an ultimate female pop star after Nazia Hassan. In 1997, Hadiqa became the second international female singer in the world to be signed by Pepsi Pakistan. + +In 1999, following the [[Kargil War]], all Indian channel broadcasts were limited or banned in Pakistan and after [[Pervaiz Musharraf]]'s [[coup d'état]], the media was privatised. To cater to the needs of thousands who watched the Indian channels with regularity, programmes were broadcast to match the Indian content. Seeing this as an opportunity, bands returned on the music scene and started producing videos with much richer content. In 2002–03, [[Ghazanfar Ali]], producer and CEO of the [[Indus Media Group]] started his very first venture into the music industry with [[Indus Music]], a channel dedicated to music following the formats used by Western Music Channels. The channel started as a part of the [[Indus Vision]] channel and was later started as a separate channel in 2003.<ref name="CITEREFBusinessMusic"/> With nothing much to watch than a few Pakistani channels, the youngsters in the country would settle in for Indus Music and would become interested in music once again. In 2006 Indus TV Network in an agreement with MTV Intn;l converted Indus Music into MTV Pakistan which continued till 2011 to again become Indus Music. + +Rock music continued to gather popularity in the country, as more singers and bands enter the genre. But the law and order situation in Pakistan had limited the number of concerts and artists are not heavily promoting their albums. New musical talent emerged in Pakistan in the decade of 2000. Entity Paradigm, Aaroh, Mizraab, Mizmaar, Fuzon, Raeth, Noori, Mechal Hassan Band, Jal, Roxen, etc. made their name by producing quality music. With the disbanding of Junoon, Ali Azmat launched his solo career, and his first solo album ''Social Circus'' became a success and gave him an iconic image. New female singers like Ainee Khalid, Abresham, and Abeer kept the music scene alive. After Indus Music, ARY Musik (The Musik) Aag (now off-air), Play, and many other music channels were launched which kept the music scene going on. Aag TV was the first-ever Youth Music Channel of Pakistan which presented many thought-provoking programmes as well on youth issues + +=== Emergence of bands and popular singers: Atif Aslam and Jal === +{{Main|Atif Aslam|Jal (band)|Goher Mumtaz|||}} +[[File:Atif Aslam at o2 arena on 22 april 2012.jpg|thumb|Atif Aslam]]The band [[Jal (band)|Jal]] formed in 2003, with [[Atif Aslam]], [[Goher Mumtaz]] and others brought in a new wave of Pakistani pop music with hits like Adaat, Woh Lamhe, and their respective albums. Atif went one to become one of the best Pakistani playback singers till date and Jal went on to become the biggest names in Pakistani band music scene. Moreover, the new wave of cinema in Pakistan supported the pop/rock music scene, as most of the background scores and OSTs of new movies are generally produced by pop/rock artists. Pop/rock artists like [[Atif Aslam]], [[Rahat Fateh Ali Khan]], and [[Ali Zafar]] are equally popular in India in the Bollywood music industry. == See also == '
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[ 0 => '', 1 => '==History==', 2 => '', 3 => '===1960–80: Rise and fall of [[playback singing]]===', 4 => '{{Main|Filmi pop|Sohail Rana|Ahmed Rushdi|Runa Laila|Cinema of Pakistan}}', 5 => '', 6 => '===The Master of Stage, father of pop: Ahmed Rushdi===', 7 => '', 8 => '[[Image:Ahmed Rushdi 1958.jpg|thumb|left|Rushdi during a live performance]]', 9 => 'After the [[Partition of India|independence]] of [[Pakistan]] in 1947, the most popular form of entertainment in the newly created Pakistan was the medium of film. Cinemas sprouted up in various corners of the nation, especially in [[Lahore]], [[Karachi]] and [[Dhaka|Dacca]] in [[East Pakistan]] and [[playback singing]] became popular. People that tended to move into the genre had to be trained in [[Hindustani classical music|classical music]], usually trained by ''ustads'' who mastered its various forms and styles.', 10 => 'In 1966, a talented young [[playback singer]] [[Ahmed Rushdi]] (now considered as one of the greatest singers of South Asia) sang the first [[South Asian]] pop song “''Ko-Ko-Korina''” for the film ''[[Armaan (1966 film)|Armaan]]''. Composed by [[Sohail Rana]], the song was a blend of 60s [[bubblegum pop]], [[rock and roll]] [[twist (dance)|twist music]] and Pakistani film music. This genre would later be termed as ‘''[[filmi pop]]''’.<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> Paired with [[Runa Laila]], the singer is considered the pioneering father of [[pop music]], mostly [[hip-hop]] and [[disco]], in [[South Asia]].', 11 => '', 12 => 'Following Rushdi's success, [[Christianity in Pakistan|Christian]] bands specialising in [[jazz]] started [[gig (musical performance)|performing]] at various night clubs and hotel lobbies<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/> in [[Karachi]], [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]] and [[Lahore]]. They would usually sing either famous American jazz hits or cover Rushdi's songs. Rushdi sang playback hits along with Laila until the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] when East Pakistan was declared an independent state. Laila, being a Bengali, decided to leave for the new-found [[Bangladesh]].<ref name="CITEREFSocPolHistory"/>', 13 => '', 14 => 'The 1980s saw a nose-dive in the progress of cinema in Pakistan as the nation was left in a state of turmoil over the changes in the government administration. The number of cinemas decreased rapidly and people preferred watching television over going to a cinema.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sdpi.org/help/research_and_news_bulletin/Nov_Dec_2005/history_through_lens_2.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060916000253/http://sdpi.org/help/research_and_news_bulletin/Nov_Dec_2005/history_through_lens_2.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 September 2006|title=History through the lens|publisher=Sustainable Development Policy Institute|accessdate=26 June 2008}}</ref>', 15 => '', 16 => '===New era and revival: King of Pakistan Pop Alamgir 1972===', 17 => '{{Main|Anwar Maqsood|Shoaib Mansoor|Alamgir (pop singer)|Muhammad Ali Shahki|Nazia Hassan}}', 18 => '<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Nazia Hassan in 1983.JPG|thumb|right|[[Disco Deewane]] was the best selling album of its time in Asia making [[Nazia Hassan]] the first true iconic [[popstar]] in the region.]] -->', 19 => '', 20 => 'While the cinema in Pakistan was declining, the neighboring [[India]] was gaining in strength in film content and quality. People began admiring the Indian playback counterparts. And when it seemed that [[Music of Pakistan|music in Pakistan]] had no hopes of surviving this foreign influence, [[Anwar Maqsood]] and [[Shoaib Mansoor]] launched the career of Nerissa, Beena and Shabana Benjamin (collectively known as the [[Benjamin Sisters]]) in 1985. The sisters filled television screens with their melodious charms and tabloids started calling it the ''Benjamin Sisters Phenomenon''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pakistaniat.com/2006/12/17/benjamin-sisters-silver-jubilee/|title=Benjamin Sisters: Silver Jubilee|publisher=All Things Pakistan|accessdate=27 June 2008}}</ref>', 21 => '', 22 => 'A few years later came Bengali singer [[Alamgir (pop singer)|Alamgir]]. Like all people from his generation, Alamgir was raised listening to songs by bands like [[ABBA]] and [[Boney M]]. He would do renditions of popular [[New wave music|new wave]] songs in Urdu. In 1973, influenced by [[disco]] and [[funk]], Alamgir sang ''Albela Rahi'', an Urdu song literally translated from a famous Cuban hit originally in Spanish. Alamgir brought a new form of music to Pakistan, one that blended the classical forms with a tint of modern Western music. Hit after another, he proved to be the most successful singer and musician of his time. Alongside Alamgir, [[Muhammad Ali Shehki]] also rose to fame with his renditions of the Hindustani classical forms with mediums like [[jazz]] and [[Rock music|rock]].', 23 => '', 24 => '[[Hassan Jahangir]] (اردو:حسن جہانگیر) is a Pakistani Pop singer. He gained fame in the '80s with hit singles such as "Hawa Hawa", "Hato Bacho", and "Shadi Na Karna Yaron". He released his first single "Imran Khan is a Superman" in 1982 and went on to release his one and only internationally famous album Hawa Hawa. It sold approximately 15 million copies in India.', 25 => '', 26 => '===New wave of music and New genres (1980-2000s)===', 27 => '', 28 => '===The Queen of Disco Pop: Nazia Hassan===', 29 => '[[File:Nazia Hassan.jpg|thumb|[[Nazia Hassan]] (''circa'' 1994)]]', 30 => '', 31 => 'In 1980, [[Nazia Hassan]], a fifteen-years-old [[Pakistani people|Pakistani]] girl residing in the [[United Kingdom]] was approached by Indian actor and director [[Feroz Khan (actor, born 1939)|Feroz Khan]] along with [[Biddu|Biddu Appaiah]], an [[Music of India|Indian music]] producer who asked her to sing the song "[[Aap Jaisa Koi]]" for the film ''[[Qurbani (film)|Qurbani]]''.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar">{{cite web|url=http://www.naziahassan.co.uk/herlife.htm|title=Nazia's life as a star|publisher=Nazia Hassan Foundation|accessdate=26 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080702054811/http://www.naziahassan.co.uk/herlife.htm|archive-date=2 July 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> She was selected for the nasal quality of the song's delivery. The song became an instant hit in the UK and the [[Indian sub-continent]]. Influenced primarily by [[disco]] beats and [[hip-hop]], Nazia along with her brother [[Zohaib Hassan]] produced successive hits. Their songs ''Disco Deewane'' and ''Tere Qadmon Ko'' became the rage all over [[Asia]] to the extent that their very first album was declared the best selling album of the time in Asia.', 32 => '', 33 => 'The hype did not last for long as with [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]]'s regime came drastic decisions to Islamicise the nation. Almost all music videos were banned to air on local television.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar"/> The religious leaders found the two Hassan siblings dancing together on the stage most un-Islamic. When shown the videos would feature Nazia waist-up to hide her dancing feet.<ref name="CITEREFNaziaStar"/> Hence, this came as another blow to the music industry.', 34 => '', 35 => '===Rock music and Zia years (1980–1989)===', 36 => '{{Main|Zohaib Hassan|Disco Deewane|Music '89|Vital Signs (band)|Junoon (band)|Ali Haider (singer)|Sajjad Ali}}', 37 => '{{See also|Pakistani rock|Pakistan Television Corporation|Network Television Marketing}}', 38 => '', 39 => 'Despite Zia's tough rhetoric against the Western music, the 1980s era is the widely regarded times of birth and rise of Pakistan's homegrown and ingenious rock music. Immediately following the [[Zia regime|military installation]] of [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] as President, measures were taken to put in place to limit the distribution of music and the only source of entertainment was the government-owned [[television network]] [[Pakistan Television Corporation]] (PTV).<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> A state of the union speech to the public in 1979, President Zia denounced the [[European Union|Western culture]] and [[Rock music in the 1980s|Western music]] and banned all the music videos in the country.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/>', 40 => '', 41 => 'Despite the hardship and problems faced by the music industry, the siblings, [[Nazia Hassan|Nazia]] and her younger brother [[Zohaib Hassan]], teamed up to produce more pop albums, but in the turmoil that Pakistan was headed through, the duo lost [[viewership]] and sales in their own country. They managed to reach [[United Kingdom|UK Top 40]] with the English version of their song "''[[Disco Deewane]]''" titled "''Dreamer Deewane''". The album sold over 14 million records, not only in Asia but as far as [[South America]], [[South Africa]] and [[Soviet Union]]. Nazia Zoheb later produced many other albums in the 1980s e.g., Boom Boom (1982), Young Tarang (1984), Hotline (1987), and Camera Camera (1992) and completely dominated the Pop music scene of Asia during the 1980s.', 42 => '', 43 => 'A new rage of Pop/ [[rock music]], began to rise during the regime of President Zia-ul-Haq. Throughout the 1980s, there was a popular wave of cultural change and the [[1980s in fashion|80's fashion]] hair styles and clothing was beginning to be noticed by the public.<ref name="Greenwood Press"/> The homegrown rock music bands, out of ordinary to the [[Culture of Pakistan|culture]], came to be perceived by many Pakistani fans and country's cultural observers as a "promising new era of cultural revival".<ref name="Greenwood Press"/> Their enormous popularity significantly opened a [[Pakistani rock|new wave]] of [[Music of Pakistan|music]] and a [[History of Pakistan#Third democratic era (1988–1999): Benazir-Nawaz period|modern chapter]] in the [[History of Pakistan|history]] of Pakistan.<ref name="Greenwood Press">{{cite book|last=Malik|first=Iftikhar H.|title=Culture and customs of Pakistan|year=2005|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn.|isbn=0-313-33126-X|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GQTABKAGaVgC&q=vital+signs+band+pakistan&pg=PA177|chapter=Performing Arts and Films}}</ref> The public generally welcomed the new hair styles and fashion wear (popular among university female and male students).<ref name="Greenwood Press"/>', 44 => '', 45 => 'During the peak and end times of Zia's conservative regime, there was a popular wave of cultural change, and the Western fashion style and music stormed the country.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha">{{cite news|last=Nadeem F. Paracha|title=Times of the Vital Sign|url=http://dawn.com/2013/03/28/times-of-the-signs/|accessdate=3 April 2013|newspaper=Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha|date=28 March 2013}}</ref> In the 1980s, various music arrangers held underground rock music concerts in the five-star hotels and university campuses.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> Ironically, it was the conservative regime of President Zia-ul-Haq when the [[Pakistani|rock music]] exploded and underground rock music concerts were held all over the country, including Islamabad and near the residence of Zia-ul-Haq.<ref name="Dawn News, Nadeem F. Paracha"/> In 1986, the pop band, [[Vital Signs (band)|Vital Signs]], released its very first singles Dil Dil Pakistan and, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7Y_LSwB8Gk ''Do Pal Ka Jeevan''], which became an ultimate success in the country.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7Y_LSwB8Gk See the video]</ref>', 46 => '', 47 => 'The success of Vital Signs helped others to follow their suit, and the rock music in the country skyrocketed for the first time in the [[History of Pakistan|history]] of the country. In a time when there was no hope for the industry to survive, rock/pop music bands notably and much quickly filled the gap that the pop music industry had left.<ref name="Taylor & Francis Ltd."/> According to the Western observers and cultural critics, the rock music bands in the country brought the significant shift of country's transformation into modernism during the 1990s.<ref name="Three Rivers Press">{{cite book|last=LeVine|first=Mark|title=Heavy metal Islam : rock, resistance, and the struggle for the soul of Islam|year=2008|publisher=Three Rivers Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-307-35339-9|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DY9TBRXDi40C&q=vital+signs+band+pakistan&pg=PT250|edition=1st|chapter=The 1980s: The rise of Heavy metal in Pakistan}}</ref> With the rise of Vital Signs and later, [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]] and others, the rock music, exploded in the 1980s and 1990s, became a vehicle for expressing patriotic nationalist spirit in Pakistan.<ref name="Taylor & Francis Ltd.">{{cite book|last=Qadeer|first=Mohammad Abdul|title=Pakistan.|year=2005|publisher=Taylor & Francis Ltd.|location=Hoboken|isbn=978-0-203-09968-1}}</ref>', 48 => '', 49 => 'In 1990, the first privately owned television station, the [[Network Television Marketing]] (NTM) opened up introducing shows aimed at the younger generation. Prior to that, in 1989, Shoaib Mansoor produced a show for PTV called ''[[Music '89]]'' and took the Hassan siblings as the show's host. This show is responsible for single-handedly creating legends out of bands like [[Vital Signs (band)|Vital Signs]], [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]], [[Ali Haider (singer)|Ali Haider]], [[Sajjad Ali]] and [[Jupiters]] also including underground [[alternative rock]] bands like Final Cut and The Barbarians.<ref name="CITEREFBusinessMusic">{{cite web|url=http://www.newsline.com.pk/newsJan2007/cover2Jan2007.htm |title=The Business of Music |publisher=Newsline Pakistan |accessdate=28 June 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919011029/http://www.newsline.com.pk/newsJan2007/cover2Jan2007.htm |archivedate=19 September 2008 }}</ref> According to the editorial written in ''[[The Express Tribune]]'' in 2011, the "Vital Signs and Pakistan's ingenious rock music was the only "arsenal" the country had against India's encroaching [[Bollywood|entertainment industry]]."<ref name="The Express Tribune">{{cite news|last=Hani Taha|title=Catching up with Shahi|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/144373/catching-up-with-shahi/|accessdate=3 April 2013|newspaper=The Express Tribune|date=6 April 2011}}</ref> It was during the midst of Zia times, when [[Dil Dil Pakistan]] was released on television and on a short time period, it became a huge success in the country.', 50 => '', 51 => '===The heyday of Pakistan pop music: 1990–1999===', 52 => '{{Main|Music Channel Charts|Pakistani rock|Sufi rock|Qawwali|Ghazal|Pakistani hip hop}}', 53 => '{{See|Abrar-ul-Haq|Fakhre Alam|Strings (band)|Aamir Zaki|Aamir Saleem|Haroon (singer)|Faakhir Mehmood|Awaz|Hadiqa Kiyani|Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan}}', 54 => '', 55 => '[[File:Etihad Runway - Strings Performance.jpg|left|250px|thumb|In the 1990s, the [[Strings (band)|Strings]] gained a lot of publicity for their rock/pop music genre.]]', 56 => 'With the success of Vital Signs and other bands, pop/rock music significantly helped to list pop music as well. The [[primetime]] reception on [[Network Television Marketing|NTM]] in [[Lahore]], [[Karachi]] and [[Islamabad]] as NTM broadcast a show titled [[Music Channel Charts]]. The rock music continued to be appreciated by the public and an hour-length show that showcased music videos for various artists in a [[countdown]] format. When people started getting acquainted with the show's format, amateur bands and singers taped their own videos and sent them to be aired. With competition rising and only a few minutes dedicated to a single video, pop and rock musicians from all over the country were being recognised for their work.', 57 => '', 58 => 'The show made upcoming artists such as rapper [[Fakhre Alam]], [[Danish Rahi]], Fringe Benefit (the debut album ''Tanhai'' was recorded and mixed by Tahir Gul Hasan at his recording studios in Karachi), [[Strings (band)|Strings]], Junoon, [[Aamir Saleem]], [[Aamir Zaki]], and [[Haroon (singer)|Haroon Rashid]] and [[Faakhir Mehmood]] from [[Awaz]] household names. The show became the trailblazer and many followed its footstep. Video Countdown (which later became Video Count Down Zabardast Zabar Duss/10) started on PTV and Video Junction (VJ) was one of its kind on NTM which started after the closure of MCC. As PTV became international in 1992 with the launch of PTV2, it opened the international arena for Pakistani Pop artists. More and More International TV channels (especially from across the borders) became visible in Pakistan through satellite. Pakistani artists started making their ways to [[MTV India]] and [[Channel V]] in the late 1990s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/961208/plus3.html|title=Do your own thing|publisher=The Sunday Times|accessdate=27 June 2008}}</ref> and overshadow every effort the Pakistani counterpart would make to highlight the talents within.', 59 => '', 60 => 'The beginning of FM radio in the mid-90s made Pakistani pop more available. People started enjoying the shades of Paki Pop n rock in their cars.', 61 => '', 62 => 'Recording companies like [[EMI|EMI Pakistan]], [[Pepsi|Pepsi Pakistan Inc.]] and Sound Master started taking note of the new and rising stars. They started signing contracts with bands including Strings, Vital Signs, Junoon, Benjamin Sister, and Awaz who would later become iconic pop-rock bands. At this time, various rock/pop bands earned a lot of recognition abroad after Vital Signs made its debut international concert in the United States in 1993.', 63 => '', 64 => '[[Abrar-ul-Haq]], since his debut with ''[[Billo De Ghar]]'' (1995), became known as the "King of Pakistani Pop",<ref>{{cite journal |title=India Today International |journal=[[India Today International]] |date=2000 |volume=25 |issue=40–52 |page=16 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u7IaAQAAIAAJ |publisher=Living Media India Limited |quote=King of Pakistani Pop Arad Al Hukh}}</ref> having sold over 40.3{{nbsp}}million albums worldwide.<ref name="Abrar">{{cite web|url=http://abraronline.com/statistics.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326225201/http://abraronline.com/statistics.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 March 2009|title=Statistics|website=Abrar-ul-Haq Official Website|accessdate=26 March 2009}}</ref>', 65 => '', 66 => '[[Hadiqa Kiani]] made her debut in Adnan Sami & Zeba Bakhtiar starrer "Sargam" in 1995 which became a phenomenal hit and the music album of the movie was a chartbuster in Lollywood Top 10 (PTV), Yeh Hai Filmi Dunya (NTM) and FM channels. But Hadiqa continued her music career more as a pop artist instead of a playback. Her albums "Raaz, Rung and Roshni" sold millions and made her an ultimate female pop star after Nazia Hassan. In 1997, Hadiqa became the second international female singer in the world to be signed by Pepsi Pakistan.', 67 => '', 68 => 'In 1999, following the [[Kargil War]], all Indian channel broadcasts were limited or banned in Pakistan and after [[Pervaiz Musharraf]]'s [[coup d'état]], the media was privatised. To cater to the needs of thousands who watched the Indian channels with regularity, programmes were broadcast to match the Indian content. Seeing this as an opportunity, bands returned on the music scene and started producing videos with much richer content. In 2002–03, [[Ghazanfar Ali]], producer and CEO of the [[Indus Media Group]] started his very first venture into the music industry with [[Indus Music]], a channel dedicated to music following the formats used by Western Music Channels. The channel started as a part of the [[Indus Vision]] channel and was later started as a separate channel in 2003.<ref name="CITEREFBusinessMusic"/> With nothing much to watch than a few Pakistani channels, the youngsters in the country would settle in for Indus Music and would become interested in music once again. In 2006 Indus TV Network in an agreement with MTV Intn;l converted Indus Music into MTV Pakistan which continued till 2011 to again become Indus Music.', 69 => '', 70 => 'Rock music continued to gather popularity in the country, as more singers and bands enter the genre. But the law and order situation in Pakistan had limited the number of concerts and artists are not heavily promoting their albums. New musical talent emerged in Pakistan in the decade of 2000. Entity Paradigm, Aaroh, Mizraab, Mizmaar, Fuzon, Raeth, Noori, Mechal Hassan Band, Jal, Roxen, etc. made their name by producing quality music. With the disbanding of Junoon, Ali Azmat launched his solo career, and his first solo album ''Social Circus'' became a success and gave him an iconic image. New female singers like Ainee Khalid, Abresham, and Abeer kept the music scene alive. After Indus Music, ARY Musik (The Musik) Aag (now off-air), Play, and many other music channels were launched which kept the music scene going on. Aag TV was the first-ever Youth Music Channel of Pakistan which presented many thought-provoking programmes as well on youth issues', 71 => '', 72 => '=== Emergence of bands and popular singers: Atif Aslam and Jal ===', 73 => '{{Main|Atif Aslam|Jal (band)|Goher Mumtaz|||}}', 74 => '[[File:Atif Aslam at o2 arena on 22 april 2012.jpg|thumb|Atif Aslam]]The band [[Jal (band)|Jal]] formed in 2003, with [[Atif Aslam]], [[Goher Mumtaz]] and others brought in a new wave of Pakistani pop music with hits like Adaat, Woh Lamhe, and their respective albums. Atif went one to become one of the best Pakistani playback singers till date and Jal went on to become the biggest names in Pakistani band music scene. Moreover, the new wave of cinema in Pakistan supported the pop/rock music scene, as most of the background scores and OSTs of new movies are generally produced by pop/rock artists. Pop/rock artists like [[Atif Aslam]], [[Rahat Fateh Ali Khan]], and [[Ali Zafar]] are equally popular in India in the Bollywood music industry.' ]
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Links in the page, before the edit (old_links)
[ 0 => 'http://mazaqah.wordpress.com/2008/03/31/bollywood-is-set-to-get-a-bigger-dose-of-pakistani-music-in-2008/', 1 => 'http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/192704.cms', 2 => 'http://www.chowk.com/articles/8459', 3 => 'http://www.expressindia.com/news/ie/daily/20000907/iin07060.html', 4 => 'http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/08/06/opinion/edsharma.php', 5 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20100618091924/http://www.chowk.com/articles/8459' ]
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'<div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Music genre</div> <table class="infobox nowraplinks" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;padding-top: 0.3em; padding-bottom: 0.3em; background-color: #CCCCFF; color:black;">P-pop</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Stylistic origins</th><td class="hlist"><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_pop" title="Indian pop">I-pop</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop music</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Cultural origins</th><td class="hlist"><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li>1970s in Pakistan</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Typical instruments</th><td class="hlist"><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bass_(guitar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bass (guitar)">Bass</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piano" title="Piano">Piano</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Guitar" title="Guitar">Guitar</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Drum" title="Drum">Drum</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>P-pop</b> refers to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">popular music</a> forms in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>. Pakistani pop is a mixture of traditional Pakistani <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hindustani_classical_music" title="Hindustani classical music">classical music</a> and western influences of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hip_hop_music" title="Hip hop music">hip hop</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disco" title="Disco">disco</a> sung in various <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Languages_of_Pakistan" title="Languages of Pakistan">languages of Pakistan</a>, including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a>. The popularity of music is based on the individual sales of a single, viewership of its music video or the singer's album chart positions. Apart from within Pakistan, Pakistani pop music has also achieved an influential following and popularity in neighboring countries and is listened by members of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistani_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani diaspora">Pakistani diaspora</a>, especially in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. </p><p>Pakistani pop music is attributed to have given birth to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">genre</a> in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asian</a> region with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ahmed_Rushdi" title="Ahmed Rushdi">Ahmed Rushdi</a>'s song "<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ko_Ko_Korina" title="Ko Ko Korina">Ko Ko Korina</a>" in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFSocPolHistory_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFSocPolHistory-1">&#91;1&#93;</a></sup> Pakistani pop is thus closely related to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_pop" title="Indian pop">Indian pop</a> music, as well as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bollywood_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Bollywood music">Bollywood music</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bangladeshi_rock" title="Bangladeshi rock">Bangladeshi rock</a>. Subgenres of Pakistani pop music include <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Qawwali" title="Qawwali">Qawwali</a> (a form of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sufi_music" title="Sufi music">Sufi music</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistani_rock" title="Pakistani rock">Pakistani rock</a> (including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sufi_rock" title="Sufi rock">Sufi rock</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistani_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani hip hop">Pakistani hip hop</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disco" title="Disco">disco</a> (related to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_of_Bollywood#Disco" title="Music of Bollywood">Bollywood disco</a>). </p><p>Veterans like <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Runa_Laila" title="Runa Laila">Runa Laila</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alamgir_Haq" title="Alamgir Haq">Alamgir</a> started the pop industry in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> while the fifteen-years old pop sensation <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nazia_Hassan" title="Nazia Hassan">Nazia</a> with her brother <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zohaib_Hassan" class="mw-redirect" title="Zohaib Hassan">Zohaib Hassan</a> ushered the birth of pop music all over <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a> tailing on the success of her British endeavours.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFNaziaLaidToRest_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFNaziaLaidToRest-2">&#91;2&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFMadeForNazia_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFMadeForNazia-3">&#91;3&#93;</a></sup> Other popular Pakistani pop artists that followed include <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Abrar-ul-Haq" title="Abrar-ul-Haq">Abrar-ul-Haq</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fakhre_Alam" class="mw-redirect" title="Fakhre Alam">Fakhre Alam</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Strings_(band)" title="Strings (band)">Strings</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aamir_Zaki" title="Aamir Zaki">Aamir Zaki</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Awaz" title="Awaz">Awaz</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aamir_Saleem" title="Aamir Saleem">Aamir Saleem</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haroon_(singer)" title="Haroon (singer)">Haroon</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Faakhir_Mehmood" title="Faakhir Mehmood">Faakhir Mehmood</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hadiqa_Kiyani" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadiqa Kiyani">Hadiqa Kiyani</a>. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Qawwali" title="Qawwali">Qawwali</a> singer <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nusrat_Fateh_Ali_Khan" title="Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan">Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan</a> was also a prominent influence on Pakistani pop music. </p><p>From Rushdi's pop hits to songs sung by the Hassan siblings, to bands including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Junoon_(band)" title="Junoon (band)">Junoon</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vital_Signs_(band)" title="Vital Signs (band)">Vital Signs</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jal_(band)" title="Jal (band)">Jal</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Strings_(band)" title="Strings (band)">Strings</a>, the Pakistani pop industry has steadily spread throughout <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a> and today is the most popular genre in Pakistan and the neighbouring South Asian countries.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFMusicalBridge_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFMusicalBridge-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup> Songs sung by Pakistani pop artists are a regular feature on <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Soundtrack" title="Soundtrack">soundtracks</a> of most of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bollywood" title="Bollywood">Bollywood</a> movies.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">&#91;5&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>The genre has always been accepted in the mainstream youth culture but hindrances came in the form of changing governments, cultural conservatism, foreign influences and a stiff competition from neighbouring countries.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFSocPolHistory_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFSocPolHistory-1">&#91;1&#93;</a></sup> Still, pop music thrived and survived with a steady growth. It was not until recent times that Pakistani pop music was to be admired throughout South Asia<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFMusicalBridge_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFMusicalBridge-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup> and the rest of the world. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#1960–80:_Rise_and_fall_of_playback_singing"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">1960–80: Rise and fall of playback singing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#The_Master_of_Stage,_father_of_pop:_Ahmed_Rushdi"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">The Master of Stage, father of pop: Ahmed Rushdi</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#New_era_and_revival:_King_of_Pakistan_Pop_Alamgir_1972"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">New era and revival: King of Pakistan Pop Alamgir 1972</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#New_wave_of_music_and_New_genres_(1980-2000s)"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">New wave of music and New genres (1980-2000s)</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#The_Queen_of_Disco_Pop:_Nazia_Hassan"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">The Queen of Disco Pop: Nazia Hassan</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Rock_music_and_Zia_years_(1980–1989)"><span class="tocnumber">1.6</span> <span class="toctext">Rock music and Zia years (1980–1989)</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#The_heyday_of_Pakistan_pop_music:_1990–1999"><span class="tocnumber">1.7</span> <span class="toctext">The heyday of Pakistan pop music: 1990–1999</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Emergence_of_bands_and_popular_singers:_Atif_Aslam_and_Jal"><span class="tocnumber">1.8</span> <span class="toctext">Emergence of bands and popular singers: Atif Aslam and Jal</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2> <h3><span id="1960.E2.80.9380:_Rise_and_fall_of_playback_singing"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="1960–80:_Rise_and_fall_of_playback_singing">1960–80: Rise and fall of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Playback_singing" class="mw-redirect" title="Playback singing">playback singing</a></span></h3> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Filmi_pop" title="Filmi pop">Filmi pop</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sohail_Rana" title="Sohail Rana">Sohail Rana</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ahmed_Rushdi" title="Ahmed Rushdi">Ahmed Rushdi</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Runa_Laila" title="Runa Laila">Runa Laila</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cinema_of_Pakistan" title="Cinema of Pakistan">Cinema of Pakistan</a></div> <h3><span id="The_Master_of_Stage.2C_father_of_pop:_Ahmed_Rushdi"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="The_Master_of_Stage,_father_of_pop:_Ahmed_Rushdi">The Master of Stage, father of pop: Ahmed Rushdi</span></h3> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Ahmed_Rushdi_1958.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Ahmed_Rushdi_1958.jpg/220px-Ahmed_Rushdi_1958.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Ahmed_Rushdi_1958.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Rushdi during a live performance</div></div></div> <p>After the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">independence</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> in 1947, the most popular form of entertainment in the newly created Pakistan was the medium of film. Cinemas sprouted up in various corners of the nation, especially in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dacca</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Playback_singing" class="mw-redirect" title="Playback singing">playback singing</a> became popular. People that tended to move into the genre had to be trained in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hindustani_classical_music" title="Hindustani classical music">classical music</a>, usually trained by <i>ustads</i> who mastered its various forms and styles. In 1966, a talented young <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Playback_singer" title="Playback singer">playback singer</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ahmed_Rushdi" title="Ahmed Rushdi">Ahmed Rushdi</a> (now considered as one of the greatest singers of South Asia) sang the first <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Asian" class="mw-redirect" title="South Asian">South Asian</a> pop song “<i>Ko-Ko-Korina</i>” for the film <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Armaan_(1966_film)" title="Armaan (1966 film)">Armaan</a></i>. Composed by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sohail_Rana" title="Sohail Rana">Sohail Rana</a>, the song was a blend of 60s <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bubblegum_pop" class="mw-redirect" title="Bubblegum pop">bubblegum pop</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Twist_(dance)" title="Twist (dance)">twist music</a> and Pakistani film music. This genre would later be termed as ‘<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Filmi_pop" title="Filmi pop">filmi pop</a></i>’.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFSocPolHistory_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFSocPolHistory-1">&#91;1&#93;</a></sup> Paired with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Runa_Laila" title="Runa Laila">Runa Laila</a>, the singer is considered the pioneering father of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop music</a>, mostly <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip-hop">hip-hop</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disco" title="Disco">disco</a>, in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>. </p><p>Following Rushdi's success, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christianity_in_Pakistan" title="Christianity in Pakistan">Christian</a> bands specialising in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> started <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gig_(musical_performance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gig (musical performance)">performing</a> at various night clubs and hotel lobbies<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFSocPolHistory_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFSocPolHistory-1">&#91;1&#93;</a></sup> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hyderabad,_Sindh" title="Hyderabad, Sindh">Hyderabad</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>. They would usually sing either famous American jazz hits or cover Rushdi's songs. Rushdi sang playback hits along with Laila until the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a> when East Pakistan was declared an independent state. Laila, being a Bengali, decided to leave for the new-found <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFSocPolHistory_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFSocPolHistory-1">&#91;1&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>The 1980s saw a nose-dive in the progress of cinema in Pakistan as the nation was left in a state of turmoil over the changes in the government administration. The number of cinemas decreased rapidly and people preferred watching television over going to a cinema.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">&#91;6&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="New_era_and_revival:_King_of_Pakistan_Pop_Alamgir_1972">New era and revival: King of Pakistan Pop Alamgir 1972</span></h3> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anwar_Maqsood" title="Anwar Maqsood">Anwar Maqsood</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shoaib_Mansoor" title="Shoaib Mansoor">Shoaib Mansoor</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alamgir_(pop_singer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alamgir (pop singer)">Alamgir (pop singer)</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Shahki" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali Shahki">Muhammad Ali Shahki</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nazia_Hassan" title="Nazia Hassan">Nazia Hassan</a></div> <p>While the cinema in Pakistan was declining, the neighboring <a href="/enwiki/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> was gaining in strength in film content and quality. People began admiring the Indian playback counterparts. And when it seemed that <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_of_Pakistan" title="Music of Pakistan">music in Pakistan</a> had no hopes of surviving this foreign influence, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anwar_Maqsood" title="Anwar Maqsood">Anwar Maqsood</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shoaib_Mansoor" title="Shoaib Mansoor">Shoaib Mansoor</a> launched the career of Nerissa, Beena and Shabana Benjamin (collectively known as the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Benjamin_Sisters" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin Sisters">Benjamin Sisters</a>) in 1985. The sisters filled television screens with their melodious charms and tabloids started calling it the <i>Benjamin Sisters Phenomenon</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">&#91;7&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>A few years later came Bengali singer <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alamgir_(pop_singer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alamgir (pop singer)">Alamgir</a>. Like all people from his generation, Alamgir was raised listening to songs by bands like <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ABBA" title="ABBA">ABBA</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boney_M" class="mw-redirect" title="Boney M">Boney M</a>. He would do renditions of popular <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">new wave</a> songs in Urdu. In 1973, influenced by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disco" title="Disco">disco</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Funk" title="Funk">funk</a>, Alamgir sang <i>Albela Rahi</i>, an Urdu song literally translated from a famous Cuban hit originally in Spanish. Alamgir brought a new form of music to Pakistan, one that blended the classical forms with a tint of modern Western music. Hit after another, he proved to be the most successful singer and musician of his time. Alongside Alamgir, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Shehki" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali Shehki">Muhammad Ali Shehki</a> also rose to fame with his renditions of the Hindustani classical forms with mediums like <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock</a>. </p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hassan_Jahangir" class="mw-redirect" title="Hassan Jahangir">Hassan Jahangir</a> (اردو:حسن جہانگیر) is a Pakistani Pop singer. He gained fame in the '80s with hit singles such as "Hawa Hawa", "Hato Bacho", and "Shadi Na Karna Yaron". He released his first single "Imran Khan is a Superman" in 1982 and went on to release his one and only internationally famous album Hawa Hawa. It sold approximately 15 million copies in India. </p> <h3><span id="New_wave_of_music_and_New_genres_.281980-2000s.29"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="New_wave_of_music_and_New_genres_(1980-2000s)">New wave of music and New genres (1980-2000s)</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="The_Queen_of_Disco_Pop:_Nazia_Hassan">The Queen of Disco Pop: Nazia Hassan</span></h3> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:154px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Nazia_Hassan.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Nazia_Hassan.jpg" decoding="async" width="152" height="211" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="152" data-file-height="211" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Nazia_Hassan.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nazia_Hassan" title="Nazia Hassan">Nazia Hassan</a> (<i>circa</i> 1994)</div></div></div> <p>In 1980, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nazia_Hassan" title="Nazia Hassan">Nazia Hassan</a>, a fifteen-years-old <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistani_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani people">Pakistani</a> girl residing in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> was approached by Indian actor and director <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Feroz_Khan_(actor,_born_1939)" class="mw-redirect" title="Feroz Khan (actor, born 1939)">Feroz Khan</a> along with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biddu" title="Biddu">Biddu Appaiah</a>, an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_of_India" title="Music of India">Indian music</a> producer who asked her to sing the song "<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aap_Jaisa_Koi" title="Aap Jaisa Koi">Aap Jaisa Koi</a>" for the film <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Qurbani_(film)" title="Qurbani (film)">Qurbani</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFNaziaStar_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFNaziaStar-8">&#91;8&#93;</a></sup> She was selected for the nasal quality of the song's delivery. The song became an instant hit in the UK and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_sub-continent" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian sub-continent">Indian sub-continent</a>. Influenced primarily by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disco" title="Disco">disco</a> beats and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip-hop">hip-hop</a>, Nazia along with her brother <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zohaib_Hassan" class="mw-redirect" title="Zohaib Hassan">Zohaib Hassan</a> produced successive hits. Their songs <i>Disco Deewane</i> and <i>Tere Qadmon Ko</i> became the rage all over <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> to the extent that their very first album was declared the best selling album of the time in Asia. </p><p>The hype did not last for long as with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Muhammad_Zia-ul-Haq" title="Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq">Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq</a>'s regime came drastic decisions to Islamicise the nation. Almost all music videos were banned to air on local television.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFNaziaStar_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFNaziaStar-8">&#91;8&#93;</a></sup> The religious leaders found the two Hassan siblings dancing together on the stage most un-Islamic. When shown the videos would feature Nazia waist-up to hide her dancing feet.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFNaziaStar_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFNaziaStar-8">&#91;8&#93;</a></sup> Hence, this came as another blow to the music industry. </p> <h3><span id="Rock_music_and_Zia_years_.281980.E2.80.931989.29"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Rock_music_and_Zia_years_(1980–1989)">Rock music and Zia years (1980–1989)</span></h3> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zohaib_Hassan" class="mw-redirect" title="Zohaib Hassan">Zohaib Hassan</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disco_Deewane" title="Disco Deewane">Disco Deewane</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_%2789" title="Music &#39;89">Music '89</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vital_Signs_(band)" title="Vital Signs (band)">Vital Signs (band)</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Junoon_(band)" title="Junoon (band)">Junoon (band)</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ali_Haider_(singer)" title="Ali Haider (singer)">Ali Haider (singer)</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sajjad_Ali" title="Sajjad Ali">Sajjad Ali</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistani_rock" title="Pakistani rock">Pakistani rock</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistan_Television_Corporation" title="Pakistan Television Corporation">Pakistan Television Corporation</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Network_Television_Marketing" title="Network Television Marketing">Network Television Marketing</a></div> <p>Despite Zia's tough rhetoric against the Western music, the 1980s era is the widely regarded times of birth and rise of Pakistan's homegrown and ingenious rock music. Immediately following the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zia_regime" class="mw-redirect" title="Zia regime">military installation</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Muhammad_Zia-ul-Haq" title="Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq">Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq</a> as President, measures were taken to put in place to limit the distribution of music and the only source of entertainment was the government-owned <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Television_network" title="Television network">television network</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistan_Television_Corporation" title="Pakistan Television Corporation">Pakistan Television Corporation</a> (PTV).<sup id="cite_ref-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> A state of the union speech to the public in 1979, President Zia denounced the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">Western culture</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rock_music_in_the_1980s" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock music in the 1980s">Western music</a> and banned all the music videos in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Despite the hardship and problems faced by the music industry, the siblings, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nazia_Hassan" title="Nazia Hassan">Nazia</a> and her younger brother <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zohaib_Hassan" class="mw-redirect" title="Zohaib Hassan">Zohaib Hassan</a>, teamed up to produce more pop albums, but in the turmoil that Pakistan was headed through, the duo lost <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Viewership" class="mw-redirect" title="Viewership">viewership</a> and sales in their own country. They managed to reach <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK Top 40</a> with the English version of their song "<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disco_Deewane" title="Disco Deewane">Disco Deewane</a></i>" titled "<i>Dreamer Deewane</i>". The album sold over 14 million records, not only in Asia but as far as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. Nazia Zoheb later produced many other albums in the 1980s e.g., Boom Boom (1982), Young Tarang (1984), Hotline (1987), and Camera Camera (1992) and completely dominated the Pop music scene of Asia during the 1980s. </p><p>A new rage of Pop/ <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock music</a>, began to rise during the regime of President Zia-ul-Haq. Throughout the 1980s, there was a popular wave of cultural change and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/1980s_in_fashion" title="1980s in fashion">80's fashion</a> hair styles and clothing was beginning to be noticed by the public.<sup id="cite_ref-Greenwood_Press_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenwood_Press-10">&#91;10&#93;</a></sup> The homegrown rock music bands, out of ordinary to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Culture_of_Pakistan" title="Culture of Pakistan">culture</a>, came to be perceived by many Pakistani fans and country's cultural observers as a "promising new era of cultural revival".<sup id="cite_ref-Greenwood_Press_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenwood_Press-10">&#91;10&#93;</a></sup> Their enormous popularity significantly opened a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistani_rock" title="Pakistani rock">new wave</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_of_Pakistan" title="Music of Pakistan">music</a> and a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/History_of_Pakistan#Third_democratic_era_(1988–1999):_Benazir-Nawaz_period" title="History of Pakistan">modern chapter</a> in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/History_of_Pakistan" title="History of Pakistan">history</a> of Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-Greenwood_Press_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenwood_Press-10">&#91;10&#93;</a></sup> The public generally welcomed the new hair styles and fashion wear (popular among university female and male students).<sup id="cite_ref-Greenwood_Press_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenwood_Press-10">&#91;10&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>During the peak and end times of Zia's conservative regime, there was a popular wave of cultural change, and the Western fashion style and music stormed the country.<sup id="cite_ref-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> In the 1980s, various music arrangers held underground rock music concerts in the five-star hotels and university campuses.<sup id="cite_ref-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> Ironically, it was the conservative regime of President Zia-ul-Haq when the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistani" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani">rock music</a> exploded and underground rock music concerts were held all over the country, including Islamabad and near the residence of Zia-ul-Haq.<sup id="cite_ref-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> In 1986, the pop band, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vital_Signs_(band)" title="Vital Signs (band)">Vital Signs</a>, released its very first singles Dil Dil Pakistan and, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7Y_LSwB8Gk"><i>Do Pal Ka Jeevan</i></a>, which became an ultimate success in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">&#91;11&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>The success of Vital Signs helped others to follow their suit, and the rock music in the country skyrocketed for the first time in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/History_of_Pakistan" title="History of Pakistan">history</a> of the country. In a time when there was no hope for the industry to survive, rock/pop music bands notably and much quickly filled the gap that the pop music industry had left.<sup id="cite_ref-Taylor_&amp;_Francis_Ltd._12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor_&amp;_Francis_Ltd.-12">&#91;12&#93;</a></sup> According to the Western observers and cultural critics, the rock music bands in the country brought the significant shift of country's transformation into modernism during the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-Three_Rivers_Press_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Three_Rivers_Press-13">&#91;13&#93;</a></sup> With the rise of Vital Signs and later, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Junoon_(band)" title="Junoon (band)">Junoon</a> and others, the rock music, exploded in the 1980s and 1990s, became a vehicle for expressing patriotic nationalist spirit in Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-Taylor_&amp;_Francis_Ltd._12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor_&amp;_Francis_Ltd.-12">&#91;12&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In 1990, the first privately owned television station, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Network_Television_Marketing" title="Network Television Marketing">Network Television Marketing</a> (NTM) opened up introducing shows aimed at the younger generation. Prior to that, in 1989, Shoaib Mansoor produced a show for PTV called <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_%2789" title="Music &#39;89">Music '89</a></i> and took the Hassan siblings as the show's host. This show is responsible for single-handedly creating legends out of bands like <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vital_Signs_(band)" title="Vital Signs (band)">Vital Signs</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Junoon_(band)" title="Junoon (band)">Junoon</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ali_Haider_(singer)" title="Ali Haider (singer)">Ali Haider</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sajjad_Ali" title="Sajjad Ali">Sajjad Ali</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jupiters" title="Jupiters">Jupiters</a> also including underground <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">alternative rock</a> bands like Final Cut and The Barbarians.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFBusinessMusic_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFBusinessMusic-14">&#91;14&#93;</a></sup> According to the editorial written in <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Express_Tribune" title="The Express Tribune">The Express Tribune</a></i> in 2011, the "Vital Signs and Pakistan's ingenious rock music was the only "arsenal" the country had against India's encroaching <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bollywood" title="Bollywood">entertainment industry</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-The_Express_Tribune_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Express_Tribune-15">&#91;15&#93;</a></sup> It was during the midst of Zia times, when <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dil_Dil_Pakistan" title="Dil Dil Pakistan">Dil Dil Pakistan</a> was released on television and on a short time period, it became a huge success in the country. </p> <h3><span id="The_heyday_of_Pakistan_pop_music:_1990.E2.80.931999"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="The_heyday_of_Pakistan_pop_music:_1990–1999">The heyday of Pakistan pop music: 1990–1999</span></h3> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_Channel_Charts" class="mw-redirect" title="Music Channel Charts">Music Channel Charts</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistani_rock" title="Pakistani rock">Pakistani rock</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sufi_rock" title="Sufi rock">Sufi rock</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Qawwali" title="Qawwali">Qawwali</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ghazal" title="Ghazal">Ghazal</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistani_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani hip hop">Pakistani hip hop</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Abrar-ul-Haq" title="Abrar-ul-Haq">Abrar-ul-Haq</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fakhre_Alam" class="mw-redirect" title="Fakhre Alam">Fakhre Alam</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Strings_(band)" title="Strings (band)">Strings (band)</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aamir_Zaki" title="Aamir Zaki">Aamir Zaki</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aamir_Saleem" title="Aamir Saleem">Aamir Saleem</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haroon_(singer)" title="Haroon (singer)">Haroon (singer)</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Faakhir_Mehmood" title="Faakhir Mehmood">Faakhir Mehmood</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Awaz" title="Awaz">Awaz</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hadiqa_Kiyani" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadiqa Kiyani">Hadiqa Kiyani</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nusrat_Fateh_Ali_Khan" title="Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan">Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan</a></div> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:252px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Etihad_Runway_-_Strings_Performance.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Etihad_Runway_-_Strings_Performance.jpg/250px-Etihad_Runway_-_Strings_Performance.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="764" data-file-height="509" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Etihad_Runway_-_Strings_Performance.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>In the 1990s, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Strings_(band)" title="Strings (band)">Strings</a> gained a lot of publicity for their rock/pop music genre.</div></div></div> <p>With the success of Vital Signs and other bands, pop/rock music significantly helped to list pop music as well. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Primetime" class="mw-redirect" title="Primetime">primetime</a> reception on <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Network_Television_Marketing" title="Network Television Marketing">NTM</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a> as NTM broadcast a show titled <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_Channel_Charts" class="mw-redirect" title="Music Channel Charts">Music Channel Charts</a>. The rock music continued to be appreciated by the public and an hour-length show that showcased music videos for various artists in a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Countdown" title="Countdown">countdown</a> format. When people started getting acquainted with the show's format, amateur bands and singers taped their own videos and sent them to be aired. With competition rising and only a few minutes dedicated to a single video, pop and rock musicians from all over the country were being recognised for their work. </p><p>The show made upcoming artists such as rapper <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fakhre_Alam" class="mw-redirect" title="Fakhre Alam">Fakhre Alam</a>, <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Danish_Rahi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Danish Rahi (page does not exist)">Danish Rahi</a>, Fringe Benefit (the debut album <i>Tanhai</i> was recorded and mixed by Tahir Gul Hasan at his recording studios in Karachi), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Strings_(band)" title="Strings (band)">Strings</a>, Junoon, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aamir_Saleem" title="Aamir Saleem">Aamir Saleem</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aamir_Zaki" title="Aamir Zaki">Aamir Zaki</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haroon_(singer)" title="Haroon (singer)">Haroon Rashid</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Faakhir_Mehmood" title="Faakhir Mehmood">Faakhir Mehmood</a> from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Awaz" title="Awaz">Awaz</a> household names. The show became the trailblazer and many followed its footstep. Video Countdown (which later became Video Count Down Zabardast Zabar Duss/10) started on PTV and Video Junction (VJ) was one of its kind on NTM which started after the closure of MCC. As PTV became international in 1992 with the launch of PTV2, it opened the international arena for Pakistani Pop artists. More and More International TV channels (especially from across the borders) became visible in Pakistan through satellite. Pakistani artists started making their ways to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MTV_India" class="mw-redirect" title="MTV India">MTV India</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Channel_V" title="Channel V">Channel V</a> in the late 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">&#91;16&#93;</a></sup> and overshadow every effort the Pakistani counterpart would make to highlight the talents within. </p><p>The beginning of FM radio in the mid-90s made Pakistani pop more available. People started enjoying the shades of Paki Pop n rock in their cars. </p><p>Recording companies like <a href="/enwiki/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI Pakistan</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pepsi" title="Pepsi">Pepsi Pakistan Inc.</a> and Sound Master started taking note of the new and rising stars. They started signing contracts with bands including Strings, Vital Signs, Junoon, Benjamin Sister, and Awaz who would later become iconic pop-rock bands. At this time, various rock/pop bands earned a lot of recognition abroad after Vital Signs made its debut international concert in the United States in 1993. </p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Abrar-ul-Haq" title="Abrar-ul-Haq">Abrar-ul-Haq</a>, since his debut with <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Billo_De_Ghar" title="Billo De Ghar">Billo De Ghar</a></i> (1995), became known as the "King of Pakistani Pop",<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">&#91;17&#93;</a></sup> having sold over 40.3<span class="nowrap">&#160;</span>million albums worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-Abrar_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abrar-18">&#91;18&#93;</a></sup> </p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hadiqa_Kiani" title="Hadiqa Kiani">Hadiqa Kiani</a> made her debut in Adnan Sami &amp; Zeba Bakhtiar starrer "Sargam" in 1995 which became a phenomenal hit and the music album of the movie was a chartbuster in Lollywood Top 10 (PTV), Yeh Hai Filmi Dunya (NTM) and FM channels. But Hadiqa continued her music career more as a pop artist instead of a playback. Her albums "Raaz, Rung and Roshni" sold millions and made her an ultimate female pop star after Nazia Hassan. In 1997, Hadiqa became the second international female singer in the world to be signed by Pepsi Pakistan. </p><p>In 1999, following the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kargil_War" title="Kargil War">Kargil War</a>, all Indian channel broadcasts were limited or banned in Pakistan and after <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pervaiz_Musharraf" class="mw-redirect" title="Pervaiz Musharraf">Pervaiz Musharraf</a>'s <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d&#39;état">coup d'état</a>, the media was privatised. To cater to the needs of thousands who watched the Indian channels with regularity, programmes were broadcast to match the Indian content. Seeing this as an opportunity, bands returned on the music scene and started producing videos with much richer content. In 2002–03, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ghazanfar_Ali" title="Ghazanfar Ali">Ghazanfar Ali</a>, producer and CEO of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indus_Media_Group" title="Indus Media Group">Indus Media Group</a> started his very first venture into the music industry with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indus_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Music">Indus Music</a>, a channel dedicated to music following the formats used by Western Music Channels. The channel started as a part of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indus_Vision" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Vision">Indus Vision</a> channel and was later started as a separate channel in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFBusinessMusic_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFBusinessMusic-14">&#91;14&#93;</a></sup> With nothing much to watch than a few Pakistani channels, the youngsters in the country would settle in for Indus Music and would become interested in music once again. In 2006 Indus TV Network in an agreement with MTV Intn;l converted Indus Music into MTV Pakistan which continued till 2011 to again become Indus Music. </p><p>Rock music continued to gather popularity in the country, as more singers and bands enter the genre. But the law and order situation in Pakistan had limited the number of concerts and artists are not heavily promoting their albums. New musical talent emerged in Pakistan in the decade of 2000. Entity Paradigm, Aaroh, Mizraab, Mizmaar, Fuzon, Raeth, Noori, Mechal Hassan Band, Jal, Roxen, etc. made their name by producing quality music. With the disbanding of Junoon, Ali Azmat launched his solo career, and his first solo album <i>Social Circus</i> became a success and gave him an iconic image. New female singers like Ainee Khalid, Abresham, and Abeer kept the music scene alive. After Indus Music, ARY Musik (The Musik) Aag (now off-air), Play, and many other music channels were launched which kept the music scene going on. Aag TV was the first-ever Youth Music Channel of Pakistan which presented many thought-provoking programmes as well on youth issues </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Emergence_of_bands_and_popular_singers:_Atif_Aslam_and_Jal">Emergence of bands and popular singers: Atif Aslam and Jal</span></h3> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atif_Aslam" title="Atif Aslam">Atif Aslam</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jal_(band)" title="Jal (band)">Jal (band)</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Goher_Mumtaz" title="Goher Mumtaz">Goher Mumtaz</a></div> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Atif_Aslam_at_o2_arena_on_22_april_2012.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Atif_Aslam_at_o2_arena_on_22_april_2012.jpg/220px-Atif_Aslam_at_o2_arena_on_22_april_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1527" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Atif_Aslam_at_o2_arena_on_22_april_2012.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Atif Aslam</div></div></div><p>The band <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jal_(band)" title="Jal (band)">Jal</a> formed in 2003, with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atif_Aslam" title="Atif Aslam">Atif Aslam</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Goher_Mumtaz" title="Goher Mumtaz">Goher Mumtaz</a> and others brought in a new wave of Pakistani pop music with hits like Adaat, Woh Lamhe, and their respective albums. Atif went one to become one of the best Pakistani playback singers till date and Jal went on to become the biggest names in Pakistani band music scene. Moreover, the new wave of cinema in Pakistan supported the pop/rock music scene, as most of the background scores and OSTs of new movies are generally produced by pop/rock artists. Pop/rock artists like <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atif_Aslam" title="Atif Aslam">Atif Aslam</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rahat_Fateh_Ali_Khan" title="Rahat Fateh Ali Khan">Rahat Fateh Ali Khan</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ali_Zafar" title="Ali Zafar">Ali Zafar</a> are equally popular in India in the Bollywood music industry. </p><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pakistani_rock" title="Pakistani rock">Pakistani rock</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_of_Pakistan" title="Music of Pakistan">Music of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_pop" title="Indian pop">Indian pop</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">Pop music</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Pakistani_pop_singers" title="List of Pakistani pop singers">List of Pakistani pop singers</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CITEREFSocPolHistory-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFSocPolHistory_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFSocPolHistory_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFSocPolHistory_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFSocPolHistory_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFSocPolHistory_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r999302996">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100618091924/http://www.chowk.com/articles/8459">"Socio-political History of Modern Pop Music in Pakistan"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chowk.com" title="Chowk.com">Chowk</a>. 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Mazqah<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bollywood+set+to+get+a+bigger+dose+of+Pakistani+music+in+2008%21&amp;rft.pub=Mazqah&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmazaqah.wordpress.com%2F2008%2F03%2F31%2Fbollywood-is-set-to-get-a-bigger-dose-of-pakistani-music-in-2008%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AP-pop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060916000253/http://sdpi.org/help/research_and_news_bulletin/Nov_Dec_2005/history_through_lens_2.htm">"History through the lens"</a>. Sustainable Development Policy Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sdpi.org/help/research_and_news_bulletin/Nov_Dec_2005/history_through_lens_2.htm">the original</a> on 16 September 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=History+through+the+lens&amp;rft.pub=Sustainable+Development+Policy+Institute&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sdpi.org%2Fhelp%2Fresearch_and_news_bulletin%2FNov_Dec_2005%2Fhistory_through_lens_2.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AP-pop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pakistaniat.com/2006/12/17/benjamin-sisters-silver-jubilee/">"Benjamin Sisters: Silver Jubilee"</a>. All Things Pakistan<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Nazia Hassan Foundation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naziahassan.co.uk/herlife.htm">the original</a> on 2 July 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Nazia%27s+life+as+a+star&amp;rft.pub=Nazia+Hassan+Foundation&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naziahassan.co.uk%2Fherlife.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AP-pop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dawn_News,_Nadeem_F._Paracha_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFNadeem_F._Paracha2013" class="citation news cs1">Nadeem F. 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(2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GQTABKAGaVgC&amp;q=vital+signs+band+pakistan&amp;pg=PA177">"Performing Arts and Films"</a>. <i>Culture and customs of Pakistan</i>. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-33126-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-33126-X"><bdi>0-313-33126-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Performing+Arts+and+Films&amp;rft.btitle=Culture+and+customs+of+Pakistan&amp;rft.place=Westport%2C+Conn.&amp;rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=0-313-33126-X&amp;rft.aulast=Malik&amp;rft.aufirst=Iftikhar+H.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGQTABKAGaVgC%26q%3Dvital%2Bsigns%2Bband%2Bpakistan%26pg%3DPA177&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AP-pop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7Y_LSwB8Gk">See the video</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Taylor_&amp;_Francis_Ltd.-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Taylor_&amp;_Francis_Ltd._12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Taylor_&amp;_Francis_Ltd._12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFQadeer2005" class="citation book cs1">Qadeer, Mohammad Abdul (2005). <i>Pakistan</i>. Hoboken: Taylor &amp; Francis Ltd. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-203-09968-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-203-09968-1"><bdi>978-0-203-09968-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Pakistan.&amp;rft.place=Hoboken&amp;rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis+Ltd.&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-203-09968-1&amp;rft.aulast=Qadeer&amp;rft.aufirst=Mohammad+Abdul&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AP-pop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Three_Rivers_Press-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Three_Rivers_Press_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFLeVine2008" class="citation book cs1">LeVine, Mark (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DY9TBRXDi40C&amp;q=vital+signs+band+pakistan&amp;pg=PT250">"The 1980s: The rise of Heavy metal in Pakistan"</a>. <i>Heavy metal Islam&#160;: rock, resistance, and the struggle for the soul of Islam</i> (1st&#160;ed.). 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Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node)
false
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp)
1610608054
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