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'{{Orphan|date=July 2017}} {{Copy edit|date=January 2021}} The most common injuries in the sport of [[cricket]] occur in the lower back, thighs, shoulders, and hands. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Services|first=Department of Health & Human|title=Cricket - preventing injury|url=https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au:443/health/healthyliving/cricket-preventing-injury|access-date=2021-01-26|website=www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au|language=en}}</ref> They can be classified as direct injuries or indirect injuries. Direct injuries are due to impact with the cricket ball, bat, or ground. Indirect injuries occur mostly due to repetitive movement causing overuse of muscles. Fast bowlers have the highest injury prevalence rate followed by batsmen<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281278724_Cricket_pace_bowlers_shoulder_injuries_a_systematic_literature_review_and_suggestions_for_prevention</ref>.{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}} == Upper limb injuries == === Shoulder === [[File:Rotator cuff high.jpg|thumb|Rotator cuff tear surgical repair procedure]] The most common cause of shoulder injuries to cricketers is a result of being too obese to play.. Overuse of the shoulder is this the sport kind of cricketwhen throwing repeatedly during fielding in a cricket game can lead to problems such as [[tendinitis]] in the biceps, a tear of the supraspinatus tendon or even degenerative changes to the [[rotator cuff]] which could result in a surgery to fix the tear.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title = Changes to injury profile (and recommended cricket injury definitions) based on the yana was here increased frequency of Twenty20 cricket matches|url = http://www.dovepress.com/changes-to-injury-profile-and-recommended-cricket-injury-definitions-b-peer-reviewed-article-OAJSM|journal = Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine|date = 1 January 2010|doi = 10.2147/oajsm.s9671|first = John|last = Orchard|first2 = Dove|last2 = Press|pages=63|pmc = 3781856}}</ref> [[Impingement syndrome|Impingement]], a syndrome that occurs when the rotator cuff muscles are inflamed or irritated, is a major injury risk that can develop amongst bowlers.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|title = Advances in the understanding of throwing injuries of the shoulder.|journal = British Journal of Sports Medicine|date = 1 December 1996|pmc = 1332408|pmid = 9015587|pages = 282–288|volume = 30|issue = 4|first = R G|last = Hackney |doi=10.1136/bjsm.30.4.282}}</ref> A 2001–2002 study focused on identifying a workload threshold that would avoid an increased risk in shoulder injuries. The study found that bowlers who produced an average of 123–188 deliveries per week were less likely to face i dont understsand cricket injury whereas bowlers who averaged below 123 deliveries or above 188 deliveries per week were at a greater risk of causing injury.<ref>{{cite journal|title = Bowling workload and the risk of injury in elite cricket fast eggs bowlers|doi=10.1016/S1440-2440(03)80031-2|volume=6|issue = 3|pages=359–367|journal=Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport|year = 2003|last1 = Dennis|first1 = R.|last2 = Farhart|first2 = R.|last3 = Goumas|first3 = C.|last4 = Orchard|first4 = J.}}</ref> === Elbow === Injuries to the elbow are predominantly a result of poor techniques when both batting and bowling. Having a poor technique causes excess strain on the joint resulting in inflammation of the tendons surrounding the elbow. The inflammation can be treated through [[physiotherapy]] and rehabilitation to reduce the inflammation and strengthen the imbalance in the forearm.<ref name=":0" /> === Hand === The majority of injuries sustained to the hands and wrists of a cricketer are impact injuries from the contact of the ball causing [[Bone fracture|fractures]], dislocations, and [[sprain]]s. Wicket keepers are particularly prone to hand injuries. Injuries to the fingers are the most common regarding the hand. Injured fingers are often splinted and compressed to reduce swelling around the joint. Physiotherapy is essential to ensure the stiffness of the joint does not become too severe so that movement at the joint returns to normal.<ref name=":0" /> == Back injuries == [[File:Cricket picture.jpg|thumb|Bowling action causing stress on lower back]] The most common injury location for most cricketers, specifically bowlers, is the back. According to Stretch (1995), 33.3% of schoolboys and 17% of A-grade players suffer from back injuries.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|title = The seasonal incidence and nature of injuries in schoolboy cricketers|last = Stretch|first = R|date = 1995|journal = South African Medical Journal|pmid = 8597012|volume = 85|issue = 11|pages = 1182–1184 }}</ref> A 1984 study in the ''Journal of Human Movement Studies'' compared international bowlers who had a side-on action and those who had a front-on action to determine which was a better option regarding the players back.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url = http://isbs2015.sciencesconf.org/59282/document|title = A biomechanical analysis of the front-on and side-on fast bowling techniques|last = Elliot|first = B|date = 1984|journal = Journal of Human Movement Studies|last2 = Foster|first2 = D|volume = 10|pages = 83–94}}</ref> They concluded that "an inability to achieve a side-on orientation during the delivery stride was the main cause of back injuries".<ref name=":2" /> One of the most common problems that young bowlers face is pain in the lower back. Performing a bowling action continuously for long periods of time can place excess stress on the lower back muscle tissue, which can then lead to serious stress fractures of the vertebra. These stress fractures can lead to a significant amount of time out of the game.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Cricket Injuries|url = http://physioworks.com.au/Injuries-Conditions/Activities/cricket-injuries|website = physioworks.com.au|access-date = 4 September 2015|last = Miller|first = J}}</ref> == Lower limb injuries == === Knee === The most common injuries associated with the knee in cricket occur when a player is bowling. In the landing stride, bowlers are constantly twisting and putting extreme force through the knee joint, this can then result in a strain or more severely a tear to the collateral ligaments.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Cricket Injuries: an Orthopaedist's Perspective|last = Shafi|first = M|date = 2014|journal = Orthopaedic Surgery|doi = 10.1111/os.12104|pmid = 24890289|issue = 2|volume = 6|pages = 90–94|pmc = 6583247}}</ref> [[Patellar tendinitis|Patellar tendinopathy]] is a common knee injury that occurs most commonly in bowlers due to the overuse of the tendon which can lead to the tendon fibres beginning to break down.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|title = Patellar tendinopathy in athletes: current diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations|journal = Sports Medicine|date = 1 January 2005|pmid = 15651914|pages = 71–87|volume = 35|issue = 1|first = Koen H. E.|last = Peers|first2 = Roeland J. J.|last2 = Lysens|doi=10.2165/00007256-200535010-00006}}</ref> [[David Lawrence (cricketer)|David Lawrence]], an English fast bowler is one particular example of how the landing stride when bowling can cause serious injuries to the knee. On 10 February 1992, his left patella shattered during a delivery.<ref>{{Cite web|title = David Lawrence's Test career ends with horrific injury as spectators hear a spine-chilling crack and an agonising scream|url = http://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/david-lawrences-test-career-ends-with-horrific-injury-as-spectators-hear-a-spine-chilling-crack-and-an-agonising-scream-22933|access-date = 1 September 2015}}</ref> === Foot and ankle === Epidemiological studies looking at the most common injuries that affect fast bowlers found that 11% of injuries involve the foot and the ankle. The majority of the injuries to the feet and ankles of fast bowlers are a result of the impact of the foot planted in the delivery stride.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|title = Simultaneous measurement of back and front foot ground reaction forces during the same delivery stride of the fast-medium bowler|journal = Journal of Sports Sciences|date = 1 December 2000|pmid = 11138989|pages = 993–997|volume = 18|issue = 12|doi = 10.1080/026404100446793|first = P. D.|last = Hurrion|first2 = R.|last2 = Dyson|first3 = T.|last3 = Hale}}</ref> A bowler whose forefoot in their delivery stride is a plantar flex action can cause posterior impingement. After a long duration this plantar flexion can lead to the creation of a [[Osteophyte|bone spur]] which can then be treated through surgery.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Increased delivery stride length places greater loads on the ankle joint in elite male cricket fast bowlers|journal = Journal of Sports Sciences|date = 28 February 2014|pages = 1101–1109|volume = 32|issue = 12|doi = 10.1080/02640414.2014.886130|pmid = 24576107|first = Wayne|last = Spratford|first2 = Amy|last2 = Hicks}}</ref> == See also == [[File:Cricket ball on grass.jpg|thumb|136x136px|Cricket ball]] * [[Cricket ball]] * Injury * [[Cricket]] * [[Tendinitis]] * [[Patellar tendinitis]] == References == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Cricket culture]]'