Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{Short description|English film director and film producer}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[Sir]]
| name = Ridley Scott
| image = NASA Journey to Mars and “The Martian" (201508180030HQ).jpg
| caption = Scott in August 2015
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1937|11|30}}
| birth_place = [[South Shields|South Shields, County Durham]],<!--South Shields was in County Durham until 1974, so County Durham is correct--> England
| occupation = {{hlist|Film director|producer}}
| years_active = 1965–present
| spouse = {{marriage|Felicity Heywood<br />|1964|1975|end=div}}<br />{{marriage|Sandy Watson<br />|1979|1989|end=div}}<br />{{marriage|[[Giannina Facio]]<br />|2015}}
| children = {{hlist|[[Jake Scott (director)|Jake]]|[[Luke Scott (director)|Luke]]|[[Jordan Scott|Jordan]]}}
| relatives = [[Tony Scott]] (brother)
}}
'''Sir Ridley Scott''' (born 30 November 1937) is an English film director and producer. He has directed the science fiction horror film ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' (1979), the [[neo-noir]] dystopian film ''[[Blade Runner]]'' (1982), the road adventure film ''[[Thelma & Louise]]'' (1991), the historical drama film ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]'' (2000), the war film ''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]'' (2001) and the science fiction film ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]'' (2015).
Scott began his career in advertising, where he honed his filmmaking skills by making inventive mini-films for television commercials, and his work is known for its atmospheric and highly concentrated visual style.<ref name="commercials"/><ref name="Britannica">{{cite web|title=Ridley Scott|url=http://www.britannica.com/biography/Ridley-Scott|website=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref><ref name="Visual style">{{cite news|last1=Matthews|first1=Jack|title=Regarding Ridley : For 15 years Ridley Scott has dazzled us with expressive imagery. 'Every time you make a film, really you're making a novel,' says the director|url=https://articles.latimes.com/1992-10-04/entertainment/ca-1142_1_ridley-scott|work=Los Angeles Times|date=4 October 1992}}</ref> Though his films range widely in setting and period, they frequently showcase memorable imagery of urban environments, spanning 2nd-century Rome (''Gladiator''), 12th-century [[Jerusalem]] (''[[Kingdom of Heaven (film)|Kingdom of Heaven]]''), [[England in the Middle Ages|Medieval England]] (''[[Robin Hood (2010 film)|Robin Hood]]''), contemporary [[Mogadishu]] (''Black Hawk Down''), or the futuristic cityscapes of ''Blade Runner'' and distant planets in ''Alien'', ''[[Alien: Covenant]]'', ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'', and ''The Martian''. Several of his films are also known for their strong female characters.<ref name="Heroines">{{cite magazine|title=Ridley Scott's History of Directing Strong Women|url=http://europe.newsweek.com/ridley-scotts-history-directing-strong-women-65047?rm=eu|magazine=Newsweek|date=17 December 2016}}</ref>
Scott has been nominated for three [[Academy Award for Best Director|Academy Awards for Directing]], which he received for ''Thelma & Louise'', ''Gladiator'' and ''Black Hawk Down''.<ref name="Britannica"/> ''Gladiator'' won the [[Academy Award for Best Picture]], and he received a nomination in that category for the 2015 film ''The Martian''. In 1995 both Scott and his brother [[Tony Scott|Tony]] received a [[British Academy Film Awards|BAFTA]] for Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema.<ref name="Outstanding contribution">{{cite news|title=Outstanding British Contribution To Cinema|url=http://awards.bafta.org/award/1995/film/outstanding-british-contribution-to-cinema|publisher=BAFTA|date=12 October 2015}}</ref> In 2003 he was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]] for services to the British film industry.<ref name="knighted">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3054254.stm |title=Queen knights Gladiator director |work=BBC News |date=8 July 2003 |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> In a 2004 [[BBC]] poll, Scott was ranked 10 on the list of most influential people in British culture.<ref>{{cite news|title=iPod's low-profile creator tops cultural chart|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/ipods-low-profile-creator-tops-cultural-chart-68924.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=18 March 2017}}</ref> He received an honorary doctorate from the [[Royal College of Art]] in London in 2015 and the [[BAFTA Fellowship]] for lifetime achievement in 2018.<ref name="BAFTA Felowship">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-42888673|title=Sir Ridley Scott gets top Bafta honour|work=BBC News|access-date=18 February 2018| date = 31 January 2018}}</ref>
==Early life==
{{Quote box|width=30%|align=right|quote="My mum brought three boys up: my dad was in the army and so he was frequently away. During [[World War II|the war]] and post-war, we tended to travel following him around so my mum was the boss. She laid down the law and the law was God. We just said, 'Yup, okay' – we didn't argue. I think that's where the respect has come from, because she was tough."|source = — A supporter of strong female characters in his work, Scott credits his mother Elizabeth as his first female role model<ref name="Female heroes">{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott: Sexism is real, take it seriously|url=http://m.dailylife.com.au/news-and-views/dl-culture/ridley-scott-sexism-is-real-take-it-seriously-20151006-gk2d33.html|publisher=Daily Life|date=18 December 2016|access-date=18 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817083320/http://m.dailylife.com.au/news-and-views/dl-culture/ridley-scott-sexism-is-real-take-it-seriously-20151006-gk2d33.html|archive-date=17 August 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
Scott was born on 30 November 1937<ref>General Register Office; United Kingdom; Reference: Volume 10a, Page 982</ref> in [[South Shields|South Shields, County Durham]],<!--South Shields was in County Durham until 1974, so County Durham is correct--> to Elizabeth (née Williams) and Colonel Francis Percy Scott.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://living.scotsman.com/tvradio/How-Winston-helped-save-the.2341166.jp |title=How Winston helped save the nation |work=Scotsman.com Living |date=6 July 2002 |access-date=20 December 2010}}</ref><ref>[https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVQF-2PCT "Ridley Scott: England and Wales Birth Registration Index"]. Family Search.org.</ref> His grand-uncle Dixon Scott was a pioneer of the cinema chain and opened many cinemas around [[Tyneside]]. One of his cinemas, [[Tyneside Cinema]], is still operating in [[Newcastle upon Tyne|Newcastle]] and is the last remaining [[newsreel]] cinema in the UK.<ref name=ridleyScottTyne>{{cite news | last = Hodgson | first = Barbara| title = Who is Ridley Scott? Read our guide to the North East-born star as he receives top award | newspaper = Chronicle| location = Newcastle | language = en| publisher = chroniclelive.co.uk| date = 16 February 2018| url = https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/whats-on/film-news/who-ridley-scott-read-guide-14301781 | access-date = 6 March 2018}}</ref> Born shortly before [[World War II]] began, Scott was brought up in a military family. His father, an officer in the [[Corps of Royal Engineers|Royal Engineers]], was absent for most of his early life. His elder brother, Frank, joined the [[British Merchant Navy]] when he was still young and the pair had little contact.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ten Things About... Ridley Scott|url=http://www.digitalspy.com/showbiz/10-things-about/news/a384212/ten-things-about-ridley-scott/|website=Digital Spy|date=19 December 2016}}</ref> During this time the family moved around; they lived in [[Cumberland]] as well as other areas in England, in addition to Wales and Germany. Scott's younger brother, [[Tony Scott|Tony]], also became a film director. After World War II the Scott family moved back to Co. Durham and eventually settled on Greens Beck Road in [[Hartburn, County Durham]].
His interest in science fiction began by reading the novels of [[H. G. Wells]] as a child.<ref name="Sci-fi">{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott: 'Why the hell would I want to go to Mars?|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/the-martian/ridley-scott-interview/|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=10 October 2017}}</ref> He was also influenced by science-fiction films such as ''[[It! The Terror from Beyond Space]]'', ''[[The Day the Earth Stood Still]]'', and ''[[Them! (1954 film)|Them!]]'' He said these films "kind of got [him] going a little" but his attention was not fully caught until he saw [[Stanley Kubrick]]'s ''[[2001: A Space Odyssey (film)|2001: A Space Odyssey]]'', about which he said, "Once I saw that, I knew what I could do."<ref name="Sci-fi"/> He went to [[Grangefield Grammar School]] in Stockton and obtained a diploma in design at [[West Hartlepool College of Art]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Film fans can watch Sir Ridley Scott's first movie for free|url=http://www.hartlepoolmail.co.uk/news/film-fans-can-watch-sir-ridley-scott-s-first-movie-for-free-1-7612799|publisher=Hartlepool Mail|date=13 January 2016|access-date=13 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111003418/http://www.hartlepoolmail.co.uk/news/film-fans-can-watch-sir-ridley-scott-s-first-movie-for-free-1-7612799|archive-date=11 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The industrial landscape in West Hartlepool would later inspire visuals in ''Blade Runner'', with Scott stating, "There were steelworks adjacent to West Hartlepool, so every day I'd be going through them, and thinking they're kind of magnificent, beautiful, winter or summer, and the darker and more ominous it got, the more interesting it got."<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2003/09/20/bfscott20.xml&sSheet=/arts/2003/09/20/ixartright.html |title=Director Maximus |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=July 27, 2011 |date=September 20, 2003 |location=London |first=Mark |last=Monahan |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080621145411/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=%2Farts%2F2003%2F09%2F20%2Fbfscott20.xml&sSheet=%2Farts%2F2003%2F09%2F20%2Fixartright.html |archive-date=June 21, 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
{{Quote box|width=30%|align=left|quote="I use everything I learned every day at art school. It's all about white sheets of paper, pens and drawing."
|source = — Scott speaking about the influence the [[Royal College of Art]] has had in designing the visuals for his films<ref>Ridley Scott – Hollywood's Best Film Directors. Sky Arts. 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2016</ref>}}
Scott went on to study at the [[Royal College of Art]] in London, contributing to college magazine ''ARK'' and helping to establish the college film department. For his final show, he made a black and white short film, ''[[Boy and Bicycle]]'', starring both his younger brother and his father (the film was later released on the "Extras" section of ''The Duellists'' DVD). In February 1963, Scott was named in the title credits as "Designer" for the BBC television programme [[Tonight (1957 TV series)|''Tonight'']]. After graduation in 1963, he secured a job as a trainee set designer with the BBC, leading to work on the popular television police series ''[[Z-Cars]]'' and science fiction series ''[[Out of the Unknown]]''. He was originally assigned to design the second ''[[Doctor Who]]'' serial, ''[[The Daleks]]'', which would have entailed realising the serial's [[Dalek|eponymous alien creatures]]. However, shortly before he was due to start work, a schedule conflict meant he was replaced by [[Raymond Cusick]].<ref name="scott">{{cite book|title=The Handbook: The First Doctor — The William Hartnell Years 1963–1966|first=David J.|last=Howe|author-link=David J. Howe|author2=Mark Stammers, [[Stephen James Walker]]|publisher=[[Virgin Books]]|year=1994|isbn=0-426-20430-1|page=61}}</ref> In 1965, he began directing episodes of television series for the BBC, only one of which, an episode of ''[[Adam Adamant Lives!]]'', is available commercially.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/classic/adamant/trivia.shtml "Adam Adamant Lives!"]. BBC. Retrieved 19 October 2016</ref>
[[File:Gold Hill, Shaftsbury, Dorset, England.JPG|right|thumb|[[Gold Hill, Shaftesbury|Gold Hill]] in [[Shaftesbury|Shaftesbury, Dorset]], where Scott filmed the 1973 [[Hovis]] television commercial]]
In 1968, Ridley and Tony Scott founded Ridley Scott Associates (RSA), a film and commercial production company.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Dutta | first = Kunal | title = Great Scott – Forty years of RSA | journal = Campaign | date = 30 November 2007 | url = http://www.campaignlive.co.uk/news/features/770904/Great-Scott–-Forty-years-RSA/ }}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Working alongside [[Alan Parker]], [[Hugh Hudson]] and cinematographer [[Hugh Johnson (cinematographer)|Hugh Johnson]], Ridley Scott made many commercials at RSA during the 1970s, including a 1973 [[Hovis]] bread advertisement, "Bike Round" (underscored by the slow movement of [[Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)|Dvořák's "New World" symphony]] rearranged for brass), filmed in [[Gold Hill, Shaftesbury]], Dorset.<ref name="commercials">{{cite news|title=Jets, jeans and Hovis|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2007/aug/24/1|newspaper=The Guardian|date=13 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine | title= The Raging Peloton | url= http://www.lrb.co.uk/v33/n02/iain-sinclair/the-raging-peloton/print | author= Iain Sinclair| date= 20 January 2011 | volume= 33 | issue=2 | pages= 3–8 | magazine= [[London Review of Books]] | access-date= 11 April 2016 | quote= As proudly as the freshly baked loaves in Ridley Scott's celebrated [Hovis] commercial, shot in 1973, on the picturesque slopes of Shaftesbury.| author-link= Iain Sinclair }}</ref> A nostalgia themed television advert that captured the public imagination, it was voted the UK's favourite commercial in a 2006 poll.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott's Hovis advert is voted all-time favourite|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/ridley-scotts-hovis-advert-is-voted-all-time-favourite-6102089.html|newspaper=The Independent|issue=2 May 2006|date=13 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hovisbakery.co.uk/assets/downloads/Hovis_History.pdf |title=Hovis: 120 years of Goodness |date=2006 |access-date=13 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219012829/http://www.hovisbakery.co.uk/assets/downloads/Hovis_History.pdf |archive-date=19 December 2014}}</ref> In the 1970s the [[Chanel No. 5]] brand needed revitalisation having run the risk of being labelled as mass market and passé.<ref name="Chanel"/> Directed by Scott in the 1970s and 1980s, Chanel television commercials were inventive mini-films with production values of surreal fantasy and seduction, which "played on the same visual imagery, with the same silhouette of the bottle."<ref name="Chanel">{{cite book|last1=Mazzeo|first1=Tilar J.|title=The Secret of Chanel No. 5|date=2010|publisher=HarperCollins|pages=197, 199}}</ref>
Five members of the Scott family are directors, and all have worked for RSA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rsafilms.com |title=Ridley Scott Associates (RSA) |publisher=Rsafilms.com |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> His brother Tony was a successful film director whose career spanned more than two decades; his sons [[Jake Scott (director)|Jake]] and [[Luke Scott (director)|Luke]] are both acclaimed directors of commercials, as is his daughter, [[Jordan Scott]]. Jake and Jordan both work from Los Angeles; Luke is based in London. In 1995, [[Shepperton Studios]] was purchased by a consortium headed by Ridley and Tony Scott, which extensively renovated the studios while also expanding and improving its grounds.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Shepperton Studios |url=http://www.pinewoodgroup.com/uploads/PDF/SheppertonStudiosHistory.pdf |publisher=pinewoodgroup.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409101450/http://www.pinewoodgroup.com/uploads/PDF/SheppertonStudiosHistory.pdf |archive-date=9 April 2008}}</ref>
==Career==
===1970s: ''The Duellists'', ''Alien''===
''[[The Duellists]]'' (1977) marked Ridley Scott's first feature film as director. Shot in Europe, it was nominated for the main prize at the [[Cannes Film Festival]], and won an award for Best Debut Film. ''The Duellists'' had limited commercial impact internationally. Set during the [[Napoleonic Wars]], it follows two French [[Hussar]] officers, D'Hubert and Feraud ([[Keith Carradine]] and [[Harvey Keitel]]) whose quarrel over an initially minor incident turns into a bitter extended feud spanning fifteen years, interwoven with the larger conflict that provides its backdrop. The film has been acclaimed for providing a historically authentic portrayal of Napoleonic uniforms and military conduct.<ref>Adam Barkman, Ashley Barkman, Nancy Kang (2013). "The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott". Chapter 10. Celebrating Historical Accuracy in The Duellists. p.171-178. Lexington Books</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The Duellists: it takes two to tangle|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/oct/28/the-duellists-reel-history|newspaper=The Guardian|date=10 January 2015}}</ref> The 2013 release of the film on Blu-ray coincided with the publication of an essay on the film in a collection of scholarly essays on Scott.<ref>"[https://www.academia.edu/12374141/Honor_in_The_Duellists A Double-Edged Sword: Honor in The Duellists]", in ''The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott'', eds. Adam Barkman, Ashley Barkman, and Jim McRae (Lexington Books, 2013), 45–60.</ref>
Scott had originally planned next to adapt a version of ''[[Tristan and Iseult]]'', but after seeing ''[[Star Wars (film)|Star Wars]]'', he became convinced of the potential of large scale, effects-driven films. He accepted the job of directing ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'', the 1979 horror/science-fiction film that would win him international success. Scott made the decision to switch [[Ellen Ripley]] from the standard male action hero to a [[Girl Power in popular culture#Female action heroes and science fiction|heroine]].<ref name="Female icon">{{cite magazine|title=Great Female Roles That Were Originally Written for Men|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2015/06/female-characters-written-for-men|magazine=Vanity Fair|date=17 December 2016}}</ref> Ripley (played by [[Sigourney Weaver]]), who appeared in the first four ''Alien'' films, would become a cinematic icon.<ref name="Female icon"/> The final scene of [[John Hurt]]'s character has been named by a number of publications as one of the most memorable in cinematic history.<ref name="memorable">Sources that refer to the final scene of Hurt's character in ''Alien'' as one of the most memorable in cinematic history include these:
*{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6597295.stm |title=Alien named as top 18-rated scene |author=BBC News |publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=26 April 2007 |access-date=31 May 2010|author-link=BBC News }}
*{{cite web|title=The 100 Scariest Movie Moments|publisher=Bravo|url=http://www.bravotv.com/The_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments/index.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030070540/http://www.bravotv.com/The_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments/index.shtml|archive-date=30 October 2007|access-date=29 May 2010}}
*{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/oct/13/making-of-alien-chestburster|title=The making of Alien's chestburster scene|work=The Guardian |access-date=18 January 2010 | date=13 October 2009}}</ref> Filmed at [[Shepperton Studios]] in England, ''Alien'' was the [[1979 in film|sixth highest-grossing film of 1979]], earning over $104 million worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=alien.htm |title=Box Office Information for ''Alien'' |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=11 June 2010}}</ref> Scott was involved in the 2003 restoration and re-release of the original film. In promotional interviews at the time, Scott indicated he had been in discussions to make a fifth film in the ''Alien'' franchise. However, in a 2006 interview, Scott remarked that he had been unhappy about ''Alien: The Director's Cut'', feeling that the original was "pretty flawless" and that the additions were merely a marketing tool.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolavconsole/ukfs_news/hi/newsid_6060000/newsid_6068400/bb_rm_6068470.stm |title=A good year ahead for Ridley |work=BBC News |date=20 October 2006 |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> Scott later returned to ''Alien''-related projects when he directed ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'' and ''[[Alien: Covenant]]'' three decades after the original film's release.<ref name="Alien prequel"/>
=== 1980s: ''Blade Runner'' and other films ===
{{Quote box|width=28%|align=right|quote="Outside ''Star Wars'', no sci-fi universe has been etched into cinematic consciousness more thoroughly than ''[[Blade Runner]]''. Ridley Scott's definitive 1982 neo-noir offered an immersive dystopia of rain-soaked windows and shadowy buildings adorned with animated neon billboards, where flying cars hum through the endless night." |source = — Eric Kohn, ''IndieWire'', 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiewire.com/2017/09/blade-runner-2049-review-ryan-gosling-denis-villeneuve-1201881820/|title=Blade Runner 2049 review – Denis Villeneuve's Neo-Noir Sequel Is Mind-Blowing Sci-Fi Storytelling|last=Kohn|first=Eric|date=29 September 2017|work=Indiewire|access-date=4 September 2017}}</ref>}}
After a year working on the film adaptation of ''[[Dune (novel)|Dune]]'', and following the sudden death of his brother Frank, Scott signed to direct the film version of [[Philip K. Dick]]'s novel ''[[Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?]]'' Re-titled ''Blade Runner'' and starring [[Harrison Ford]], the film was a commercial disappointment in cinemas in 1982, but is now regarded as a classic.<ref>{{citation | url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3600802.stm | title= Blade Runner tops scientist poll | work=BBC News | date=26 August 2004 | access-date=9 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=How Ridley Scott's sci-fi classic, Blade Runner, foresaw the way we live today|url=http://www.spectator.co.uk/2015/03/how-ridley-scotts-sci-fi-classic-blade-runner-foresaw-the-way-we-live-today/|magazine=The Spectator|date=10 January 2016}}</ref> In 1991, Scott's notes were used by Warner Bros. to create a rushed [[director's cut]] which removed the main character's voiceover and made a number of other small changes, including to the ending. Later Scott personally supervised a digital restoration of ''Blade Runner'' and approved what was called ''The Final Cut''. This version was released in Los Angeles, New York City and [[Toronto]] cinemas on 5 October 2007, and as an elaborate DVD release in December 2007.<ref name=bladerunner2007>[http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?id=36328 "''Blade Runner'' Final Cut Due", SciFi Wire, 26 May 2006] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080602222117/http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?id=36328 |date=2 June 2008 }}</ref>
Today, ''Blade Runner'' is ranked by many critics as one of the most important and influential science fiction films ever made,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/life/news/page/0,12983,1290764,00.html |title=Top 10 sci-fi films|work=The Guardian |location=UK |access-date=6 March 2010 }}</ref> partly thanks to its much imitated portraits of a future cityscape.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ew.com/movies/2017/09/29/blade-runner-2049-review/|title=Impeccably cool 'Blade Runner 2049' is a ravishing visual feast: EW review|date=29 September 2017|access-date=4 September 2017}}</ref> It is often discussed along with [[William Gibson]]'s novel ''[[Neuromancer]]'' as initiating the [[cyberpunk]] genre. Stephen Minger, stem cell biologist at King's College London, states, "It was so far ahead of its time and the whole premise of the story – what is it to be human and who are we, where we come from? It's the age-old questions."<ref>{{cite news |title='I've seen things...' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2004/aug/26/sciencefictionspecial |access-date=24 July 2019 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Scott has described ''Blade Runner'' as his "most complete and personal film".<ref name="scottobserver">{{cite journal|title=Scott's Corner |journal=The Observer |date=2 January 2002 |first=Lynn |last=Barber |url=http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,,628186,00.html |access-date=22 February 2007 |location=London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720054223/http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0%2C%2C628186%2C00.html |archive-date=20 July 2008}}</ref>
==="1984" Apple Macintosh commercial===
{{Main|1984 (advertisement)}}
In 1984, Scott directed a big-budget ($900,000) television commercial, "[[1984 (advertisement)|1984]]", to launch [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]'s [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]] computer.<ref>{{Cite book |chapter-url= http://tedfriedman.com/electric-dreams/chapter-5-apples-1984/ |title=Electric Dreams: Computers in American Culture |chapter=Chapter 5: 1984 |access-date=6 October 2011 |last=Friedman |first= Ted |year=2005 |publisher= [[New York University Press]]|isbn=0-8147-2740-9 }}</ref> Scott filmed the advertisement in England for about $370,000;<ref>{{cite news| title= The Computer, the Consumer and Privacy | url= https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/04/weekinreview/the-computer-the-consumer-and-privacy.html| date=4 March 1984| first= David |last=Burnham| location= Washington DC | newspaper= The New York Times| access-date=24 January 2014}}</ref> which was given a showcase airing in the US on 22 January 1984, during [[Super Bowl XVIII]], alongside screenings in cinemas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duke.edu/~tlove/mac.htm |title=Apple's 1984: The Introduction of the Macintosh in the Cultural History of Personal Computers |publisher=Duke.edu |access-date=6 March 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991005015117/http://www.duke.edu/~tlove/mac.htm |archive-date= 5 October 1999}}</ref> Some consider this advertisement a "watershed event" in advertising<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/kevinmaney/2004-01-28-maney_x.htm |title=Apple's '1984' Super Bowl commercial still stands as watershed event |work=USA Today |date=28 January 2004 |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> and a "masterpiece".<ref name=masterpiece>{{cite news
|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/02/02/eye.ent.commercials
|title= Why 2006 isn't like '1984'
|access-date=10 May 2008
|last=Leopold
|first=Todd
|date= 3 February 2006
|publisher=CNN
}}</ref> ''[[Advertising Age]]'' placed it top of its list of the 50 greatest commercials.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE5D61138F937A25750C0A963958260|title=The Media Business: Advertising; A new ranking of the '50 best' television commercials ever made|first=Stuart |last=Elliott|work=The New York Times|date=14 March 1995| access-date=22 January 2014| quote= The choice for the greatest commercial ever was the spectacular spot by Chiat/Day, evocative of the George Orwell novel ''1984'', that introduced the Apple Macintosh computer during Super Bowl XVIII in 1984.}}</ref>
Set in a dystopian future modelled after [[George Orwell]]'s ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]'', Scott's advertisement used its heroine (portrayed by English athlete [[Anya Major]]) to represent the coming of the Macintosh (indicated by her white [[Sleeveless shirt|tank top]] adorned with a picture of the Apple Macintosh computer) as a means of saving humanity from "conformity" ([[Big Brother (1984)|Big Brother]]), an allusion to [[IBM]], at that time the dominant force in computing.<ref name=cellini>{{cite web
|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb197/is_200401/ai_n5556112
|archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090628133757/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb197/is_200401/ai_n5556112
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=2009-06-28
|title= The Story Behind Apple's '1984' TV commercial: Big Brother at 20
|access-date=9 May 2008
|last=Cellini
|first=Adelia
|date=January 2004
|work=[[MacWorld]] 21.1, page 18
}}</ref>
In 1985, Scott directed ''[[Legend (1985 film)|Legend]]'', a fantasy film produced by [[Arnon Milchan]]. Scott decided to create a "once upon a time" tale set in a world of princesses, unicorns and goblins, filming almost entirely inside the studio. Scott cast [[Tom Cruise]] as the film's hero, Jack; [[Mia Sara]] as Princess Lili; and [[Tim Curry]] as the [[Satan]]-horned Lord of Darkness.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott's beautiful dark twisted fantasy: the making of Legend|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/legend-ridley-scott/tom-cruise-making-of/|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=17 November 2015}}</ref> Scott had a forest set built on the [[007 Stage]] at [[Pinewood Studios]] in Buckinghamshire, with trees 60 feet high and trunks 30 feet in diameter.<ref>Pirani, Adam (December 1985). "Ridley Scott: SF's Visual Magician". ''Starlog''. p. 64.</ref> In the final stages of filming, the forest set was destroyed by fire; [[Jerry Goldsmith]]'s original score was used for European release, but replaced in North America with a score by [[Tangerine Dream]]. Rob Bottin provided the film's Academy Award-nominated make-up effects, most notably Curry's red-coloured Satan figure. Despite a major commercial failure on release, the film has gone on to become a [[cult classic]]. The 2002 Director's Cut restored Goldsmith's original score.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/as-snow-white-the-huntsman-hits-theaters-5-more-fractured-fairytale-movies-20120531?page=2 |title=5 Fractured Fairy Tale Movies Worth Watching After 'Snow White and the Huntsman' |publisher=Blogs.indiewire.com |access-date=24 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225184450/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/as-snow-white-the-huntsman-hits-theaters-5-more-fractured-fairytale-movies-20120531?page=2 |archive-date=25 December 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
Scott made ''[[Someone to Watch Over Me (film)|Someone to Watch Over Me]]'', a romantic thriller starring [[Tom Berenger]] and [[Mimi Rogers]] in 1987, and ''[[Black Rain (1989 American film)|Black Rain]]'' (1989), a police drama starring [[Michael Douglas]] and [[Andy García]], shot partially in Japan. Both achieved mild success at the box office. ''Black Rain'' was the first of Scott's six collaborations with the composer [[Hans Zimmer]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Hans Zimmer career interview|url=https://www.empireonline.com/interviews/interview.asp?IID=1690|agency=Empire magazine|date=21 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Orchestral manoeuvres in the dark |url=http://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2014-05/16/hans-zimmer-interview/viewall |magazine=GQ |date=21 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018215003/https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2014-05/16/hans-zimmer-interview/viewall |archive-date=18 October 2014 }}</ref>
=== 1990s: ''Thelma & Louise'' ===
The road film ''[[Thelma & Louise]]'' (1991) starring [[Geena Davis]] as Thelma, [[Susan Sarandon]] as Louise, in addition to the breakthrough role for [[Brad Pitt]] as J.D, proved to be one of Scott's biggest critical successes, helping revive the director's reputation and receiving his first nomination for the [[Academy Award for Best Director]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Russell Smith|title=Brad Pitt Only Does Interesting Movie Roles|date=19 October 1993|work=[[Deseret News]]|page=EV6|quote=It was in 1991, when he hitched his ride with [[Geena Davis]] and [[Susan Sarandon]] in ''Thelma & Louise,'' that Pitt's star began to twinkle in earnest.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3687795.stm |title=Brad Pitt's epic journey |date=13 May 2004 |work=BBC News |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref> His next project, independently funded historical epic ''[[1492: Conquest of Paradise]]'', was a box office failure. The film recounts the expeditions to the Americas by [[Christopher Columbus]] (French star [[Gérard Depardieu]]). Scott did not release another film for four years.
In 1995, Ridley and his brother Tony formed a production company, [[Scott Free Productions]], in Los Angeles. All Ridley's subsequent feature films, starting with ''[[White Squall (film)|White Squall]]'' and ''[[G.I. Jane]]'', have been produced under the [[Scott Free Productions|Scott Free]] banner. In 1995 the two brothers purchased a controlling interest in the British film studio [[Shepperton Studios]]. In 2001, Shepperton merged with [[Pinewood Studios]] to become [[The Pinewood Studios Group]], which is headquartered in Buckinghamshire, England.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott: 'I'm doing pretty good, if you think about it'|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/ridley-scott-im-doing-pretty-good-if-you-think-about-it-2068888.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=21 October 2015}}</ref>
===2000s: ''Gladiator'', ''Black Hawk Down'', other films===
Scott's historical drama ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]'' (2000) proved to be one of his biggest critical and commercial successes. It won five Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor for the film's star [[Russell Crowe]], and saw Scott nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Director]].<ref name="Britannica"/> Scott worked with British visual effects company [[The Mill (company)|The Mill]] for the film's computer-generated imagery, and the film was dedicated to [[Oliver Reed]] who died during filming – The Mill created a digital body double for Reed's remaining scenes.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hassan |first=Genevieve |title=Missing in action: The films affected by actors' deaths |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-26039225 |date=10 April 2017 |access-date=11 August 2018 |work=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Patterson |first=John |title=CGI Friday: a brief history of computer-generated actors |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/mar/27/paul-walker-furious-seven-brief-history-of-computer-generated-actors |date=27 March 2015 |access-date=11 August 2018 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |publisher=[[Guardian News and Media Limited]]}}</ref> Some have credited ''Gladiator '' with reviving the nearly defunct "[[sword and sandal]]" historical genre. The film was named the fifth best action film of all time in the [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] special ''[[Best in Film: The Greatest Movies of Our Time]]''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Best in Film: The Greatest Movies of Our Time|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/Best_Film/best-film-greatest-movies-time/story?id=13147020|publisher=ABC|date=4 October 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Oliver Mark - Ridley Scott, Berlin 2005.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Scott in Berlin in 2005 by German photographer [[Oliver Mark]]]]
Scott directed ''[[Hannibal (2001 film)|Hannibal]]'' (2001) starring [[Anthony Hopkins]] as Hannibal Lecter. The film was commercially successful despite receiving mixed reviews. Scott's next film, ''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]'' (2001), featuring [[Tom Hardy]] in his film debut, was based on a group of stranded US soldiers fighting for their lives in [[Somalia]]; Scott was nominated for an Oscar for Best Director.<ref name="Britannica"/> In 2003, Scott directed a smaller scale project, ''[[Matchstick Men]]'', adapted from the novel by [[Eric Garcia (writer)|Eric Garcia]] and starring [[Nicolas Cage]], [[Sam Rockwell]] and [[Alison Lohman]]. It received mostly positive reviews, but performed moderately at the box office.
In 2005, he made the modestly successful ''[[Kingdom of Heaven (film)|Kingdom of Heaven]]'', a film about the [[Crusades]]. The film starred [[Orlando Bloom]], and marked Scott's first collaboration with the composer [[Harry Gregson-Williams]].<ref name="HG Williams">{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/martian-composer-creating-matt-damons-828847|title='The Martian' Composer on Creating Matt Damon's Theme, Ridley Scott's 'Prometheus' Plans|first=Ryan |last=Gajewski|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=3 October 2015|access-date=5 January 2016}}</ref> The Moroccan government sent the Moroccan cavalry as extras for some battle scenes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mooviees.com/9136/1804-production_notes|title=''Mooviess.com'' Kingdom of Heaven production notes|access-date=16 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112081521/http://www.mooviees.com/9136/1804-production_notes|archive-date=12 November 2009|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Unhappy with the theatrical version of ''Kingdom of Heaven'' (which he blamed on paying too much attention to the opinions of preview audiences in addition to relenting when Fox wanted 45 minutes shaved off), Scott supervised a director's cut of the film, the true version of what he wanted, which was released on DVD in 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kingdomofheavendvd.com|title=''Kingdom of Heaven: Director's Cut'' DVD official website|access-date=28 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907232309/http://www.kingdomofheavendvd.com/|archive-date=7 September 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> The director's cut of ''Kingdom of Heaven'' has been met with critical acclaim, with ''[[Empire (film magazine)|Empire]]'' magazine calling the film an "epic", adding: "The added 45 minutes in the director’s cut are like pieces missing from a beautiful but incomplete puzzle."<ref name="Kingdom">{{cite magazine|title=Directors Cuts, the Good, the Bad, and the Unnecessary|url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/special-editions-good-bad-unnecessary/|magazine=Empire|date=10 January 2015}}</ref> "This is the one that should have gone out" reflected Scott.<ref name="Kingdom"/> Asked if he was against previewing in general in 2006, Scott stated: "It depends who's in the driving seat. If you've got a lunatic doing my job, then you need to preview. But a good director should be experienced enough to judge what he thinks is the correct version to go out into the cinema."<ref name="totalfilm">''Total Film'' magazine, July 2006: 'Three hours, eight minutes. It's beautiful.' (Interview to promote ''Kingdom of Heaven: The Director's Cut'')</ref>
Scott teamed up again with ''Gladiator'' star [[Russell Crowe]] for ''[[A Good Year]]'', based on the best-selling book by [[Peter Mayle]] about an investment banker who finds a new life in [[Provence]]. The film was released on 10 November 2006. A few days later [[Rupert Murdoch]], chairman of studio [[20th Century Fox]] (who backed the film) dismissed ''A Good Year'' as "a flop" at a shareholders' meeting.<ref>{{cite news | title=A Good Year is a 'flop', Murdoch admits | date=16 November 2006 | url =http://film.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,1949283,00.html |work=The Guardian |location=UK | access-date=24 February 2007 }}</ref>
Scott's next film was ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]'', based on the story of real-life drug kingpin [[Frank Lucas (drug dealer)|Frank Lucas]]. Scott took over the project in early 2006, and had screenwriter [[Steven Zaillian]] rewrite his script to focus on the dynamic between Frank Lucas and [[Richie Roberts]]. [[Denzel Washington]] signed on to the project as Lucas, with Russell Crowe co-starring. The film premiered in November 2007 to positive reviews and box office success, and Scott was nominated for a [[Golden Globe Award for Best Director|Golden Globe for Best Director]].<ref name="Britannica"/>
In late 2008, Scott's espionage thriller ''[[Body of Lies (film)|Body of Lies]]'', starring [[Leonardo DiCaprio]] and Russell Crowe, opened to lukewarm ticket-sales and mixed reviews. Scott directed a revisionist adaptation of ''[[Robin Hood (2010 film)|Robin Hood]]'', which starred Russell Crowe as [[Robin Hood]] and [[Cate Blanchett]] as [[Maid Marian]]. It was released in May 2010 to mixed reviews, but a respectable box-office.
[[File:Ridley_Scott,_Charlize_Theron_%26_Michael_Fassbender_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg|thumb|right|Scott speaking with ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'' stars [[Charlize Theron]] and [[Michael Fassbender]] at Wondercon 2012 in Anaheim, California on 17 March 2012]]
On 31 July 2009, news surfaced of a two-part prequel to ''Alien'' with Scott attached to direct.<ref name="Alien prequel">{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/apr/27/ridley-scott-alien-prequels-3d |work=The Guardian | location=London | title=Ridley Scott plans two-part Alien prequel | first=Ben | last=Child | date=27 April 2010 | access-date=22 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloody-disgusting.com/news/17890 |title=Ridley Scott Talks 'Alien' Prequel and Timeline |publisher=Bloody-disgusting.com |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> The project, ultimately reduced to a single film called ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'', which Scott described as sharing "strands of ''Alien'''s DNA" while not being a direct prequel, was released in June 2012. The film starred [[Charlize Theron]] and [[Michael Fassbender]], with [[Noomi Rapace]] playing the leading role of the scientist named Elizabeth Shaw. The film received mostly positive reviews and grossed $403 million at the box office.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=prometheus.htm | title=Prometheus Box Office| work=boxofficemojo.com | access-date=26 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Prometheus 2 synopsis reveals Ridley Scott's Alien: Covenant will feature Michael Fassbender but not another main character|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/prometheus-2-synopsis-reveals-ridley-scotts-alien-covenant-will-feature-michael-fassbender-but-not-a6737751.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=28 December 2015}}</ref>
In August 2009, Scott planned to direct an adaptation of [[Aldous Huxley]]'s ''[[Brave New World]]'' set in a [[dystopian]] London with [[Leonardo DiCaprio]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Brave move for DiCaprio and Scott|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8187942.stm|work=BBC News|date=5 January 2015}}</ref> In 2009, the TV series ''[[The Good Wife]]'' premiered with Ridley and his brother [[Tony Scott|Tony]] credited as executive producers.
===2010s: ''The Martian'', and ''All the Money in the World'' ===
On 6 July 2010, YouTube announced the launch of ''[[Life in a Day (YouTube)|Life in a Day]]'', an experimental documentary executive produced by Scott. Released at the [[Sundance Film Festival]] on 27 January 2011, it incorporates footage shot on 24 July 2010 submitted by YouTube users from around the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://youtube-global.blogspot.com/2010/07/life-in-day.html |title=Life in a Day |publisher=The Official YouTube Blog |date=6 July 2010 |access-date=7 July 2010}}</ref> As part of the buildup to the [[2012 London Olympics]], Scott produced ''[[Britain in a Day]]'', a documentary film consisting of footage shot by the British public on 12 November 2011.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15199776 "London 2012 Britain in a Day project launched"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117151940/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15199776 |date=17 November 2011 }}. BBC. Retrieved 9 January 2015</ref>
In 2012, Scott produced the commercial for [[Lady Gaga]]'s fragrance, "[[Lady Gaga Fame|Fame]]." It was touted as the first ever black Eau de Parfum, in the informal credits attached to the trailer for this advertisement. On 24 June 2013, Scott's series ''Crimes of the Century'' debuted on [[CNN]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2013/tv/news/cnns-newest-series-brings-filmmaker-ridley-scott-to-sundays-1200491234/ |title=CNN's Newest Series Brings Filmmaker Ridley Scott To Sundays |work=Variety |date=3 June 2013 |access-date=7 July 2010}}</ref> In November 2012 it was announced that Scott would produce the documentary, ''[[Springsteen & I]]'' directed by [[Baillie Walsh]] and inspired by ''Life in a Day'', which Scott also produced. The film featured fan footage from throughout the world on what musician [[Bruce Springsteen]] meant to them and how he impacted their lives.<ref name="Springsteen">{{cite news|title=Springsteen & I: fans tell their stories of The Boss|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/bruce-springsteen/10194440/Springsteen-and-I-fans-tell-their-stories-of-The-Boss.html|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=28 December 2015}}</ref> The film was released for one day only in 50 countries and on over 2000 film screens on 22 July 2013.<ref name="Springsteen"/>
Scott directed ''[[The Counselor]]'' (2013), with a screenplay by author [[Cormac McCarthy]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Fleming|first=Mike|title=Ridley Scott in Talks For Cormac McCarthy's 'The Counselor'|url=https://www.deadline.com/2012/01/ridley-scott-in-talks-for-cormac-mccarthys-the-counselor/|magazine=Deadline}}</ref><ref name="FirstImage">{{cite web|url=http://www.ineedmyfix.com/2012/08/01/first-looks-at-michael-fassbender-and-brad-pitt-filming-the-counselor |title=First Looks at Michael Fassbender and Brad Pitt Filming 'The Counselor' |publisher=INeedMyFix.com |date=1 August 2012 |access-date=2 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120803002437/https://www.ineedmyfix.com/2012/08/01/first-looks-at-michael-fassbender-and-brad-pitt-filming-the-counselor/ |archive-date= 3 August 2012}}</ref> On 25 October 2013, ''Indiewire'' reported that "Before McCarthy sold his first spec script for Scott's (''The Counselor'') film, the director was heavily involved in developing an adaptation of the author's 1985 novel ''[[Blood Meridian]]'' with screenwriter [[William Monahan|Bill Monahan]] (''[[The Departed]]''). But as Scott said in a ''Time Out'' interview, '[Studios] didn't want to make it. The book is so uncompromising, which is what's great about it.' Described as an 'anti-western'..."<ref>''Indiewire'', 25 October 2013.</ref> Scott directed the [[List of films based on the Bible|biblically-inspired]] [[epic film]] ''[[Exodus: Gods and Kings]]'', released in December 2014 which received negative reviews from critics (particularly for the casting of white actors as [[Middle Eastern peoples|Middle Eastern]] characters) and grossed $268 million on a $140 million budget making it as a [[Box-office bomb|box office disappointment]]. Filmed at [[Pinewood Studios]] in Buckinghamshire, the film starred [[Christian Bale]] in the lead role.<ref name="Houses"/>
[[File:NASA Journey to Mars and “The Martian" (201508180003HQ).jpg|thumb|right|Scott participates in a question and answer session about NASA's journey to Mars and his film ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]'', 18 August 2015]]
In May 2014, Scott began negotiations to direct ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]'', starring [[Matt Damon]] as Mark Watney.<ref name=holl>{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-direct-matt-damon-703887 |title=Ridley Scott in Talks to Direct Matt Damon in 'The Martian' (Exclusive) |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=13 May 2014 |access-date=14 May 2014}}</ref> Like many of Scott's previous works, ''The Martian'' features a heroine in the form of [[Jessica Chastain]]'s character who is the mission commander.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ridley Scott on 'The Martian,' His Groundbreaking '1984' Apple Commercial, and 'Prometheus 2'|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/09/26/ridley-scott-on-the-martian-his-groundbreaking-1984-apple-commercial-and-prometheus-2.html|website=Daily Beast|date=18 December 2016}}</ref> The film was originally scheduled for release on 25 November 2015, but Fox later switched its release date with that of [[Victor Frankenstein (film)|''Victor Frankenstein'']], and thus ''The Martian'' was released on 2 October 2015.<ref name=firstshow>{{cite news|last1=Anderton|first1=Ethan|title=Fox Shifts Release Dates for 'The Martian,' 'Miss Peregrine' & More|url=http://www.firstshowing.net/2014/fox-shifts-release-dates-for-the-martian-miss-peregrine-more/|access-date=2 August 2014|publisher=firstshowing.net|date=1 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Fox Switches 'The Martian' and 'Victor Frankenstein' Release Dates|url = https://deadline.com/2015/06/fox-switches-the-martian-and-victor-frankenstein-release-dates-1201441061/|access-date = 12 September 2015|first = Anita|last = Busch|date = 10 June 2015|website = Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> ''The Martian'' was a critical and commercial success, grossed over $630 million worldwide, becoming Scott's highest-grossing film to date.<ref name="Box office"/><ref>{{cite news | last=Driscoll | first=Molly | url=http://www.csmonitor.com/The-Culture/Culture-Cafe/2015/0914/Toronto-Film-Festival-The-Martian-Room-get-critics-talking-video | title=Toronto Film Festival: 'The Martian,' 'Room' get critics talking | work=[[The Christian Science Monitor]] | date=14 September 2015 | access-date=5 January 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last=Lang | first=Brent | url=https://variety.com/2015/film/news/the-martian-box-office-matt-damon-1201605217/ | title=Box Office: 'The Martian' to Blast Off With $45 Million | journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | date=29 September 2015 | access-date=5 January 2016 }}</ref>
A sequel to ''Prometheus'', ''[[Alien: Covenant]]'', started filming in 2016, premiered in London on 4 May 2017, and received general release on 19 May 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thewrap.com/prometheus-2-lands-green-lantern-writer-may-feature-multiple-michael-fassbenders-exclusive/|title='Prometheus 2' Lands 'Green Lantern' Writer; May Feature Multiple Michael Fassbenders (Exclusive)|website=TheWrap|date=24 March 2014|access-date=24 August 2014}}</ref> The film received generally positive reviews from critics, with many praising [[Michael Fassbender]]'s dual performance and calling the film a return to form for both director Ridley Scott and the franchise.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-alien-covenant-review-20170517-story.html|title=Ridley Scott's 'Alien: Covenant' is a sleek, suspenseful return to form|last=Chang|first=Justin|date=2017-05-17|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2017-05-19|issn=0458-3035}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tracking-board.com/alien-covenant-film-review-ridley-scott-returns-to-form-with-chest-bursting-thrills/|title="Alien: Covenant" Film Review: Ridley Scott Returns to Form With Chest-Bursting Thrills|date=2017-05-07 |publisher=The Tracking Board |access-date=2017-05-19}}</ref>
In August 2011, information leaked about production of a [[Blade Runner 2049|sequel]] to ''Blade Runner'' by [[Alcon Entertainment]], with Alcon partners [[Broderick Johnson]] and [[Andrew Kosove]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deadline.com/2011/08/ridley-scott-ready-to-direct-new-version-of-seminal-sci-fi-film-blade-runner/ |title=Ridley Scott To Direct New 'Blade Runner' Installment For Alcon Entertainment |publisher=Deadline New York |date=19 August 2011 |access-date=19 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140418103232/http://www.deadline.com/2011/08/ridley-scott-ready-to-direct-new-version-of-seminal-sci-fi-film-blade-runner/ |archive-date=18 April 2014}}</ref> Scott informed the ''Variety'' publication in November 2014 that he was no longer the director for the film and would only fulfill a producer's role. Scott also revealed that filming would begin sometime within 2015, and that [[Harrison Ford]] has signed on to reprise his role from the original film but his character should only appear in "the third act" of the sequel.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kastrenakes|first=Jacob|title=Ridley Scott won't direct 'Blade Runner' sequel|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/11/25/7286991/blade-runner-2-wont-be-directed-by-ridley-scott|website=The Verge|publisher=[[Vox Media, Inc]]|access-date=26 November 2014|date=25 November 2014}}</ref> On 26 February 2015, the sequel was officially confirmed, with [[Denis Villeneuve]] hired to direct the film, and Scott being an executive producer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ew.com/article/2016/07/15/blade-runner-sequel-concept-art/|title='Blade Runner' sequel concept art: See a first look|date=15 June 2016|website=EW.com|access-date=4 October 2017}}</ref> The sequel, ''[[Blade Runner 2049]]'', was released on 6 October 2017 to universal acclaim.<ref name="oculus">{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2016/10/blade-runner-2049-new-title-of-sequel-1201831969/|title='Blade Runner' Sequel Finally Has A Title, Will Offer VR Experiences For Film Through Oculus – Update|first=Anita|last=Busch|date=October 6, 2016|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|access-date=October 6, 2016}}</ref>
From May to August 2017, Scott filmed ''[[All the Money in the World]],'' a drama about the [[kidnapping of John Paul Getty III]], starring [[Mark Wahlberg]] and [[Michelle Williams (actress)|Michelle Williams]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fleming |first1=Mike Jr.|title=Ridley Scott To Next Helm Getty Kidnap Drama; Natalie Portman Courted|url=https://deadline.com/2017/03/ridley-scott-j-paul-getty-iii-kidnap-movie-natalie-portman-david-scarpa-john-paul-getty-1202042231/|access-date=13 March 2017|website=Deadline|date=13 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Fleming |first1=Mike Jr. |title=Michelle Williams, Kevin Spacey, Mark Wahlberg Circling Ridley Scott's Getty Kidnap Film |url=https://deadline.com/2017/03/michelle-williams-kevin-spacey-mark-wahlberg-ridley-scott-getty-kidnap-film-imperative-entertainment-sony-pictures-1202056971/|access-date=31 March 2017 |website=Deadline|date=31 March 2017}}</ref> [[Kevin Spacey]] originally portrayed Getty Sr. However, after multiple sexual assault allegations against the actor, Scott decided to replace him with [[Christopher Plummer]], saying "You can't condone that kind of behaviour in any shape or form. We cannot let one person's action affect the good work of all these other people. It's that simple."<ref name="Spacey"/> Scott began re-shooting Spacey's scenes with Plummer on 20 November, which included filming at [[Elveden Hall]] in west Suffolk, England.<ref name="Spacey"/> With a release date of 25 December 2017, the film studio had its doubts that Scott would manage it, saying: "They were like, 'You'll never do it. God be with you.'"<ref name="Spacey">{{cite news|title=Director Ridley Scott talks about replacing Kevin Spacey in new film|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-42168622|publisher=BBC|date=1 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=allthemoneyintheworld.htm|title=All the Money in the World (2017)|website= [[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=July 15, 2017}}</ref>
Scott's next project is ''[[The Last Duel (2021 film)|The Last Duel]]'', a film adaptation of [[Eric Jager]]'s 2004 book ''[[The Last Duel: A True Story of Trial by Combat in Medieval France]]'', starring [[Adam Driver]], [[Matt Damon]] and [[Jodie Comer]], due to be released on 15 October 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2020/07/mulan-avatar-star-wars-release-date-changes-disney-coroanvirus-1202993719/|title='Mulan' Off The Calendar; Disney Also Delays 'Avatar' & 'Star Wars' Movies By One Year As Studio Adjusts To Pandemic|website=Deadline Hollywood|first=Anthony|last=D'Alessandro|date=July 23, 2020|access-date=July 23, 2020}}</ref><ref>[https://www.francebleu.fr/amp/infos/culture-loisirs/dordogne-ridley-scott-cherche-des-doublures-pour-les-stars-de-son-prochain-film-1579014852 Recherche doublures pour Matt Damon, Adam Driver et Jodie Comer pour un tournage en Dordogne] {{in lang|fr}}</ref><ref>[https://figurants.com/figuration-cinema/figuration-long-metrage/casting-doublures-matt-damon-adam-driver-et-jodie-comer-pour-film-de-ridley-scott_i11180 #casting doublures Matt Damon, Adam Driver et Jodie Comer pour film de Ridley Scott]</ref><ref>[https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/culture-loisirs/discretion-de-mise-a-sarlat-autour-du-dernier-riddley-scott-1581627414 Discrétion de mise à Sarlat autour du dernier Ridley Scott] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> Filming locations included the French [[medieval]] castle of [[Berzé-le-Châtel]] (with a film crew of 300 people including 100 extras),<ref>{{cite web |title= Le JSL > "The Last Duel" by Damien VALETTE (23 January 2020) |url= https://www.lejsl.com/edition-macon/2020/01/23/the-last-duel-cinq-a-six-jours-de-tournage-au-chateau-de-berze |website= www.lejsl.com |language= fr }}</ref> and [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Extras Casting announced for Ridley Scott Epic Period Feature 'The Last Duel' {{!}} The Irish Film & Television Network |url= http://www.iftn.ie/news/?act1=record&only=1&aid=73&rid=4293245&tpl=archnews&force=1 |website= www.iftn.ie }}</ref> He is also set to direct ''[[Gucci (film)|Gucci]]'', a film about the murder of [[Maurizio Gucci]] orchestrated by [[Patrizia Reggiani]], who will be portrayed by Lady Gaga. The film is slated for a release in November 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/11/lady-gaga-ridley-scott-movie-maurizio-gucci-patrizia-reggiani-murder-gucci-family-giannina-scott-1202774518/|title=Lady Gaga, Ridley & Giannina Scott Team On Film About Assassination Of Gucci Grandson Maurizio; Gaga To Play Convicted Ex-Wife Patrizia Reggiani|last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr.|date=1 November 2019|website=Deadline Hollywood|access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref>
=== Future projects ===
{{see also|Ridley Scott's unrealised projects}}
In January 2016, Scott was in early negotiations to direct the film version of the 1967–1968 British TV series ''[[The Prisoner]]''.<ref>{{cite news|last=Fleming|first=Mike|title=Ridley Scott Captivated By 'The Prisoner', Film Version of Patrick McGoohan TV Series|url=https://deadline.com/2016/01/ridley-scott-the-prisoner-the-martian-patrick-mcgoohan-alien-covenant-1201678547/|access-date=9 January 2016|date=8 January 2016}}</ref> In May 2016, it was announced that Scott and [[Drew Goddard]] (who had worked together on ''The Martian'') would be reteaming to adapt the book ''[[S. Craig Zahler#Novels|Wraiths of the Broken Land]]'' by [[S. Craig Zahler]]. It is described as a piece of fiction that combines elements of "horror, noir, and Asian ultra-violence."<ref>[https://collider.com/ridley-scott-drew-goddard-wraiths-of-the-broken-land/ "Ridley Scott Reteaming with Drew Goddard for Western ‘Wraiths of the Broken Land’ "]. Collider. Retrieved 10 May 2016</ref> In April 2017, 20th Century Fox lined up Scott to direct a film about the [[Battle of Britain]] from WWII, where the [[Royal Air Force]] defended the country from German [[Luftwaffe]] attacks, which is described as a "passion project" for the director.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott to direct Battle of Britain 'passion project' movie |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/apr/04/ridley-scott-to-direct-battle-of-britain-passion-project-movie|newspaper=The Guardian|date=5 April 2017}}</ref> In January 2018, it was reported that Scott is in talks to direct a [[Disney]] film adaptation of ''[[T. A. Barron#The Merlin Saga|The Merlin Saga]]'', which is based on a 12-book series written by [[T. A. Barron]], with a screenplay from [[Philippa Boyens]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-talks-direct-a-merlin-movie-disney-1071717?facebook_20180104|title=Ridley Scott in Talks to Direct a 'Merlin' Movie for Disney|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|first=Mia|last=Galuppo|date=4 January 2018 |access-date=5 January 2018}}</ref> That same month, Scott stated that he has "another [story] ready to evolve and be developed, [that] there is certainly one to be done for sure", referring to a third ''Blade Runner'' film.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/blade-runner/news/a846834/ridley-scott-has-plans-another-blade-runner-sequel/ |title=Exclusive: Ridley Scott has plans for another Blade Runner sequel: "I've got another one ready to evolve" |last=Davies |first=Megan |date=January 6, 2018 |website=[[Digital Spy]] |access-date=March 28, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180202102532/http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/blade-runner/news/a846834/ridley-scott-has-plans-another-blade-runner-sequel/ |archive-date= February 2, 2018 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> In March 2018, it was reported that Scott is in talks to adapt [[Greg Rucka]]'s graphic novel ''[[Queen & Country]]'' for 20th Century Fox.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott in Talks to Direct 'Queen & Country' for Fox|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-direct-queen-country-movie-1094869|access-date=15 March 2018|newspaper=Hollywood Reporter|date=15 March 2018}}</ref>
==Television projects==
Ridley Scott and his brother Tony produced [[CBS]] series ''[[Numb3rs]]'' (2005–10), a crime drama about a genius mathematician who helps the [[FBI]] solve crimes; and ''[[The Good Wife]]'' (2009–2016), a legal drama about an attorney balancing her job with her husband, a former state attorney trying to rebuild his political career after a major scandal. The two Scotts also produced a 2010 [[The A-Team (film)|film adaptation]] of 1980s television show ''[[The A-Team]]'', directed by [[Joe Carnahan]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7856758.stm | title = Ridley Scott to remake The A-Team | work = [[BBC News Online]] | date = 28 January 2009 | access-date = 13 January 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine | date = 27 January 2009 | title = Fox assembles 'A-Team' | url = https://www.variety.com/VR1117999155.html | magazine = Variety | access-date = 13 January 2015 | first = Michael | last = Fleming | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090305090626/http://www.variety.com/VR1117999155.html | archive-date = 5 March 2009 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
Ridley Scott was an executive producer of the first season of Amazon's ''[[The Man in the High Castle (TV series)|The Man in the High Castle]]'' (2015–16).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/The-Man-In-High-Castle/dp/B00RSGIVVO|title=Watch The Man in the High Castle Season 1 Episode – Amazon Video|website= Amazon.com|access-date=25 March 2016}}</ref> Through [[Scott Free Productions]], he is an executive producer on the dark comic science-fiction series ''[[BrainDead (TV series)|BrainDead]]'' which debuted on CBS in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=BrainDead|url=http://www.backstage.com/resources/detail/productionlisting/braindead-85375/|website=Backstage|access-date=18 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ridley Scott|url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/ridley-scott-57300822/|website=Hollywood.com|access-date=18 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Lloyd|first1=Robert|title='The Good Wife's' creators are back with the imperfect but fun 'Braindead' mixing D.C politics ... and bugs from space.|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-braindead-review-20160609-snap-story.html|access-date=18 August 2016|publisher=Los Angeles Times.|date=13 June 2016}}</ref>
On 20 November 2017, Amazon agreed a deal with AMC Studios for a worldwide release of ''[[The Terror (TV series)|The Terror]]'', Scott's series adaptation of [[The Terror (novel)|Dan Simmons' novel]], a speculative retelling of British explorer Sir [[John Franklin]]'s [[Franklin's lost expedition|lost expedition]] of [[HMS Erebus (1826)|HMS ''Erebus'']] and [[HMS Terror (1813)|HMS ''Terror'']] to the [[Arctic]] in 1845–1848 to force the [[Northwest Passage]], with elements of horror and supernatural fiction), and the series premiered in March 2018.<ref>{{cite web|last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |url=https://deadline.com/2016/03/the-terror-anthology-series-scott-free-1201712908/ |title=AMC Orders 'The Terror' Anthology Drama Series From Scott Free |website=Deadline |date=March 2, 2016 |access-date=September 13, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |url=https://deadline.com/2013/02/amc-developing-terror-drama-produced-by-scott-free-tv-360-alexandra-milchan-429627/ |title=AMC Developing 'Terror' Drama Produced By Scott Free, TV 360 & Alexandra Milchan |website=Deadline |date=February 13, 2013 |access-date=September 13, 2016}}</ref> Scott was an executive producer for the 2019 [[BBC]]/[[FX (TV channel)|FX]] three-part miniseries ''[[A Christmas Carol (miniseries)|A Christmas Carol]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2017/11/steven-knight-a-christmas-carol-dickens-adaptations-bbc-ridley-scott-tom-hardy-1202215436/|title=Steven Knight To Adapt Charles Dickens Novels For BBC One; Ridley Scott, Tom Hardy Exec Producing|first1=Nancy|last1=Tartaglione|work=Deadline|date=28 November 2017|access-date=4 November 2019}}</ref>
Scott's first television directing role in 50 years, ''[[Raised by Wolves (American TV series)|Raised by Wolves]]'', was released on [[HBO Max]] in 2020.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://pressroom.warnermediagroup.com/ca/media-release/hbo-max/ridley-scotts-raised-wolves-coming-hbo-max |title=Ridley Scott's Raised by Wolves Coming to HBO Max |date=October 29, 2019}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Vineyard|first=Jennifer|date=2020-10-01|title='Raised by Wolves': Ridley Scott Explains That Monstrous Finale|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/01/arts/television/raised-by-wolves-finale-ridley-scott.html|access-date=11 October 2020|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Scott said his “tendency was to think, ‘I don’t want to go down that road of androids again'”, but decided to take on the project after he read the script and liked it.<ref name=":0" /> The show revolves around androids Mother and Father, who attempt to save human kind on planet Kepler-22b after earth is demolished by war between the Mithraic, who follow a god called Sol, and militant atheists.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kiesling|first=Lydia|title=The Aspirational Android Parenting of "Raised by Wolves"|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/the-aspirational-android-parenting-of-raised-by-wolves|access-date=11 October 2020|website=The New Yorker|language=en-us}}</ref>
==Personal life==
[[File:%27The_Martian%27_World_Premiere_(NHQ201509110014).jpg|thumb|right|Scott with his partner Giannina Facio at the world premiere of ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]'' held at the [[Toronto International Film Festival]] on 11 September 2015]]
Ridley Scott was married to Felicity Heywood from 1964 to 1975. The couple had two sons, [[Jake Scott (director)|Jake]] and [[Luke Scott (director)|Luke]],<ref>[https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/a-reel-life-jordan-scott-6801670.html "A Reel Life: Jordan Scott"] (19 November 2009). ''[[Evening Standard]]''. Retrieved 23 December 2020.</ref> both of whom work as directors in Scott's production company, Ridley Scott Associates. Scott later married advertising executive Sandy Watson in 1979, with whom he had a daughter, [[Jordan Scott]], and divorced in 1989.<ref>"Ridley Scott: Interviews". p. xviii. University Press of Mississippi, 2005</ref> His current partner is actress [[Giannina Facio]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mottram |first1=James |title=Ridley Scott: 'I'm doing pretty good, if you think about it' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/ridley-scott-im-doing-pretty-good-if-you-think-about-it-2068888.html |access-date=25 July 2018 |work=The Independent |date=3 September 2010}}</ref> whom he has cast in all his films since ''[[White Squall (film)|White Squall]]'' except ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]'' and ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2616075.stm "Sir Ridley Scott: Hollywood visionary"]. BBC. Retrieved 8 December 2012.</ref> He divides his time between homes in London, France, and Los Angeles.<ref name="Houses">{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott on the future of Prometheus|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/10405944/Ridley-Scott-on-the-future-of-Prometheus.html|newspaper=The Telegraph (UK)|date=14 January 2015}}</ref>
His eldest brother Frank died, aged 45, of skin cancer in 1980.<ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/hollywood-pays-tribute-to-top-gun-director-tony-scott-following-suicide-leap-8062363.html | title= Hollywood pays tribute to Top Gun director Tony Scott following suicide leap | first1= Tom | last1= Harper |first2= Louise | last2= Jury | date= 20 August 2012 | newspaper= [[London Evening Standard]] | access-date= 5 September 2012 }}</ref> His younger brother [[Tony Scott|Tony]], who was also his business partner in their company [[Scott Free Productions|Scott Free]], died on 19 August 2012 at the age of 68 after jumping from the [[Vincent Thomas Bridge]] which spans Los Angeles Harbour, after an originally disputed long struggle with cancer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/11261672/Ridley-Scott-breaks-silence-on-brother-Tony-Scotts-death.html|title=Ridley Scott breaks silence on brother Tony Scott's death|date=28 November 2014|access-date=September 3, 2017}}</ref> Before Tony's death, he and Ridley collaborated on a [[Coma (U.S. miniseries)|miniseries]] based on [[Robin Cook (novelist)|Robin Cook]]'s novel ''[[Coma (novel)|Coma]]'' for [[A&E (TV channel)|A&E]]. The two-part miniseries premiered on A&E on 3 September 2012, to mixed reviews.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/tv/coma|title=Coma – Reviews, Ratings, Credits and More|date=31 August 2012|website=[[Metacritic]]|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref>
Ridley has dedicated several of his films in memory of his family: ''[[Blade Runner]]'' to his brother Frank, ''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]'' to his mother, and ''[[The Counselor]]'' and ''[[Exodus: Gods and Kings]]'' to his brother Tony.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tony Scott's Spirit Possesses Ridley Scott's The Counselor|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/balder-and-dash/double-vision-tony-scott-ridley-scott-and-the-counselor|publisher=Roger Ebert|date=4 January 2015}}</ref> Ridley also paid tribute to his late brother Tony at the 2016 [[Golden Globe Award|Golden Globes]], after his film, ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]'', won Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy.<ref>{{cite news|title=Golden Globes 2016 ceremony – in pictures|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/gallery/2016/jan/11/golden-globes-2016-ceremony-in-pictures-gervais-gibson-leonardo-dicaprio-winslet|newspaper=The Guardian|date=30 January 2016}}</ref>
In 2013, Ridley stated that he is an [[atheist]].<ref>{{cite news | last = Sternbergh | first = Adam | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/27/magazine/ridley-scott-most-novelists-are-desperate-to-do-what-i-do.html?smid=tw-nytimes&_r=1& | title = Ridley Scott: 'Most Novelists Are Desperate to Do What I Do' | date = 25 October 2013 | access-date = 26 October 2013 | work = The New York Times }}</ref> Although when asked by the [[BBC]] in a September 2014 interview if he believes in God, Scott replied:
{{blockquote|text=I'm not sure. I think there's all kinds of questions raised... that's such an exotic question. If we looked at the whole thing practically speaking, the big bang occurred and then we go through this evolution of millions, billions of years where, by coincidence, all the right biological accidents came out the right way. To an extent, that doesn't make sense unless there was a controlling decider or mediator in all of that. So who was that? Or what was that? Are we one big grand experiment in the basic overall blink of the universe, or the galaxy? In which case, who is behind it? Maybe we're an experiment which can last a billion years, but which is a blink in their terms and they can then say: 'Right, that didn't work, let's blow them up!'<ref>{{cite news|last1=Carnevale|first1=Rob|title=Calling the Shots No.41: Ridley Scott|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/films/callingtheshots/ridley_scott.shtml|access-date=July 22, 2017|agency=[[BBC]]|date=September 24, 2014}}</ref>}}
==Approach and style==
Appearing in the lead role in Scott's ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]'' and ''[[Robin Hood (2010 film)|Robin Hood]]'', [[Russell Crowe]] commented, "I like being on Ridley's set because actors can perform [...] and the focus is on the performers."<ref name="gangster">''American Gangster'' DVD, ''Fallen Empire: The Making of American Gangster'' documentary</ref> Paul M. Sammon, in his book ''Future Noir: The Making of [[Blade Runner]]'', commented in an interview with Brmovie.com that Scott's relationship with his actors has improved considerably over the years.<ref>{{cite web|first=David |last=Caldwell |url=http://www.brmovie.com/Articles/Sammon_Interview_11.htm |title=Paul M. Sammon interview |publisher=BRmovie.com |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> More recently during the filming of Scott's 2012 film, ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'', [[Charlize Theron]] praised the director's willingness to listen to suggestions from the cast for improvements in the way their characters are portrayed on screen. Theron worked alongside the writers and Scott to give more depth to her character during filming.<ref name="Prometheus_Theron">{{cite news | url=http://movies.inquirer.net/3843/%E2%80%9Cprometheus%E2%80%9D-crew-on-a-mission-collision | title="Prometheus" Crew: On A Mission Collision | work=Philippine Daily Inquirer | date=29 April 2012 | access-date=7 May 2012 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516075620/http://movies.inquirer.net/3843/%E2%80%9Cprometheus%E2%80%9D-crew-on-a-mission-collision | archive-date=16 May 2012 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> When working on epics, Scott states, "there’s always the danger that the characters can get swamped" on a large canvas, before adding, "My model is [[David Lean]], whose characters never got lost in the proscenium."<ref>[https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/ridley-scotts-brilliant-first-film Ridley Scott's Brilliant First Film]. ''New Yorker'' (28 May 2012). Retrieved 15 June 2020</ref>
Scott's work is identified for its striking visuals, with [[Girl Power in popular culture#Female action heroes and science fiction|heroines]] also a common theme.<ref name="Britannica"/><ref name="Heroines"/><ref name="Female heroes"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800015105/bio |title=Yahoo! Movies: Ridley Scott |publisher=Yahoo! |date=30 November 1937 |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> His visual style, incorporating a detailed approach to production design and innovative, atmospheric lighting, has been influential on a subsequent generation of filmmakers.<ref name="Britannica"/><ref name="Visual style"/> Scott commonly uses slow pacing until the action sequences. Examples include ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' and ''Blade Runner''; the ''LA Times'' critic Sheila Benson, for example, would call the latter "Blade Crawler" "because it's so damn slow". Another technique he employs is use of sound or music to build tension, as heard in ''Alien'', with hissing steam, beeping computers and the noise of the machinery in the space ship. Scott claims to have an [[eidetic memory]], which he says aids him in visualising and storyboarding the scenes in his films.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://herocomplex.latimes.com/movies/ridley-scott-magic-comes-over-the-horizon-every-day/ |title=Ridley Scott: 'Magic comes over the horizon every day' | Hero Complex – movies, comics, pop culture|work=Los Angeles Times |date=26 April 2012 |access-date=24 August 2014}}</ref>
Scott has developed a method for filming intricate shots as swiftly as possible: "I like working, always, with a minimum of three cameras. [...] So those 50 set-ups [a day] might only be 25 set-ups except I'm covering in the set-up. So you're finished. I mean, if you take a little bit more time to prep on three cameras, or if it's a big stunt, eleven cameras, and – whilst it may take 45 minutes to set up – then when you're ready you say 'Action!', and you do three takes, two takes and is everybody happy? You say, 'Yeah, that's it.' So you move on."<ref name="gangster"/>
[[Artificial intelligence]] is a unifying theme throughout Scott's career as a director, particularly in ''[[Blade Runner]]'', ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'', and ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]''.<ref>''The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott'', p. 121-142, Lexington Books, 2013.</ref> The recent book ''The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott'' identifies [[Alan Turing]] and [[John Searle]], a professor at the University of California, as presenting relevant models of testing artificial intelligence known as the [[Turing test]] and the [[Chinese Room]] Thought Experiment, respectively, in the chapter titled "What's Wrong with Building Replicants," which has been a recurring theme for many of Scott's films.<ref>''The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott'', p. 136-142, Lexington Books, 2013.</ref> The chapter titled "Artificial Intelligence in ''Blade Runner'', ''Alien'', and ''Prometheus''," concludes by citing the writings of [[John Stuart Mill]] in the context of Scott's Nexus-6 Replicants in ''Blade Runner'' (Rutger Hauer), the android [[Ash (Alien)|Ash]] (Ian Holm) in ''Alien'', and the android [[David 8]] (Michael Fassbender) in ''Prometheus'', where Mill is applied to assert that measures and tests of intelligence must also assess actions and moral behaviour in androids to effectively address the themes which Scott explores in these films.<ref>''The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott'', p. 140-142, Lexington Books, 2013.</ref>
==DVD format and director's cut==
[[File:Prince Charles Theatre showing Blade Runner.JPG|thumb|right|''Blade Runner: The Final Cut'' at [[Prince Charles Cinema]], London in 2015]]
Scott is known for his enthusiasm for the DVD format, providing [[Audio commentary (DVD)|audio commentaries]] and interviews for all his films where possible. In the July 2006 issue of ''[[Total Film]]'' magazine, he stated: "After all the work we go through, to have it run in the cinema and then disappear forever is a great pity. To give the film added life is really cool for both those who missed it and those who really loved it."<ref name="totalfilm"/>
Running alongside his enthusiasm for DVD, Scott is known for his use of the [[director's cut]].<ref name="Kingdom"/> The positive reaction to the ''Blade Runner'' Director's Cut encouraged Scott to re-cut several movies that were a disappointment at the time of their release (including ''Legend'' and ''Kingdom of Heaven''), which have been met with great acclaim.<ref name="Kingdom"/> Today the practice of alternative cuts is more commonplace, though often as a way to make a film stand out in the DVD marketplace by adding new material.
==Accolades==
[[File:Ridley Scott at the RCA July 2015.jpg|thumb|Sir Ridley Scott, Honorary Doctor, at the [[Royal College of Art]], July 2015]]
Scott was appointed [[Knight Bachelor]] in the [[2003 New Year Honours]] for services to the British film industry.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=56797 |date=31 December 2002 |page=1 |supp=y}}</ref> He received his accolade from [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]] at an investiture ceremony at [[Buckingham Palace]] on 8 July 2003.<ref name="knighted"/> Scott admitted feeling "stunned and truly humbled" after the ceremony, saying, "As a boy growing up in [[South Shields]], I could never have imagined that I would receive such a special recognition. I am truly humbled to receive this treasured award and believe it also further recognises the excellence of the British film industry."<ref>{{cite news |title=Queen knights Gladiator director |work=BBC News |date=8 July 2003 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3054254.stm |access-date=2017-08-07}}</ref>
He has been nominated for three [[Academy Award for Directing|Academy Awards for Directing]]—''Thelma & Louise'', ''Gladiator'' and ''Black Hawk Down''—as well as a Golden Globe, BAFTA and 2 [[Primetime Emmy Award]]s. In 1995, Ridley and his brother [[Tony Scott|Tony]] received the [[BAFTA Award|BAFTA]] for [[BAFTA Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award|Outstanding British Contribution To Cinema]].<ref name="Outstanding contribution"/> In 2018 he received the highest accolade from BAFTA, the [[BAFTA Fellowship]], for lifetime achievement.<ref name="BAFTA Felowship"/>
Scott was inducted into the [[EMP Museum#Science Fiction Hall of Fame|Science Fiction Hall of Fame]] in 2007.<ref name=hof2007>{{cite web |url=http://www.empsfm.org/press/index.asparticleID=892 |title=Science Fiction Hall of Fame to Induct Ed Emshwiller, Gene Roddenberry, Ridley Scott and Gene Wolfe |access-date=26 April 2015 }}{{dead link|date=January 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. Press release March/April/May 2007. Experience Music Project and Science Fiction Museum and Hall of Fame (''empsfm.org''). Archived 14 October 2007. Retrieved 19 March 2013</ref> In 2017 the German newspaper ''[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung|FAZ]]'' compared Scott's influence on the science fiction film genre to Sir [[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s on [[Thriller film|thrillers]] and [[John Ford]]'s on [[Western (genre)|Westerns]].<ref>{{cite news|title=RIDLEY SCOTT ZUM ACHTZIGSTEN :Der selbstleuchtende Sehnerv|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/kino/ridley-scott-zum-achtzigsten-des-science-fiction-regisseurs-15316487.html|publisher=Frankfurter Allgemeine - FAZ.net|date=30 November 2017}}</ref> In 2011, he received a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment_and_arts/10348091.stm "Hollywood stars for Simon Fuller and Sir Ridley Scott"]. ''[[BBC News]]''. Retrieved 20 June 2010.</ref>
In 2012, Scott was among the [[List of cultural icons of England|British cultural icons]] selected by artist Sir [[Peter Blake (artist)|Peter Blake]] to appear in a new version of his most famous artwork, the Beatles' ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]'' album cover, to celebrate the British cultural figures of his life that he most admires to mark his 80th birthday.<ref>{{cite news|title=New faces on Sgt Pepper album cover for artist Peter Blake's 80th birthday |url= https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/apr/02/peter-blake-sgt-pepper-cover-revisited |agency=The Guardian|date=5 October 2016}}</ref> On 3 July 2015, he was awarded an honorary doctorate by the [[Royal College of Art]] in a ceremony at the [[Royal Albert Hall]] in London at which he described how he still keeps on his office wall his school report placing him 31st out of 31 in his class, and how his teacher encouraged him to pursue what became his passion at art school.<ref name="RCA">{{cite web|title=RCA Convocation 2015 |url=http://www.rca.ac.uk/news-and-events/convocation2015/|publisher=RCA [view from 13:55 and 31:45]|access-date=13 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Honorary Doctors |url=http://www.rca.ac.uk/more/our-history/college-honours/honorary-doctors/ |publisher=RCA |access-date=13 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315030921/http://www.rca.ac.uk/more/our-history/college-honours/honorary-doctors/ |archive-date=15 March 2015}}</ref>
'''[[Academy Awards]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 1992
| rowspan=3| [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| ''[[Thelma & Louise]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2001
| ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2016
| [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]
| ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[American Film Institute]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| rowspan=2|2002
| Director of the Year
| rowspan=2|''Black Hawk Down''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| Movie of the Year
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[BAFTA Awards]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 1992
| rowspan=3|[[BAFTA Award for Best Direction|Best Director]]
| ''Thelma & Louise''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2001
| ''Gladiator''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2016
| ''The Martian''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 1992
| rowspan=2|[[BAFTA Award for Best Film|Best Film]]
| ''Thelma & Louise''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2008
| ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 1995
| [[BAFTA Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award|Outstanding British Contribution To Cinema]]
|
| {{Won}}
|-
| 2018
| [[BAFTA Fellowship]]
|
| {{Won}}
|-
|}
'''[[Cannes Film Festival]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| rowspan=2|1977
| Best Debut Film Award
| rowspan=2|''[[The Duellists]]''
| {{Won}}
|-
| Palme d'Or
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[Directors Guild of America]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
|1992
| rowspan=4|[[Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film|Best Director – Motion Picture]]
| ''Thelma & Louise''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2001
| ''Gladiator''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2002
| ''Black Hawk Down''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2016
| ''The Martian''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2017
| [[Directors Guild of America Award#Lifetime Achievement Award|Lifetime Achievement Award]]
|
| {{Won}}
|-
|}
'''[[Primetime Emmy Award]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 2000
| rowspan=2|[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Made for Television Movie|Outstanding Made for Television Movie]]
|''[[RKO 281]]''
|{{Nom}}
|-
| 2002
|''[[The Gathering Storm (2002 film)|The Gathering Storm]]''
|{{Won}}
|-
| 2008
| [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Miniseries|Outstanding Miniseries]]
| ''[[The Andromeda Strain (miniseries)|The Andromeda Strain]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2009
| Outstanding Made for Television Movie
| ''[[Into the Storm (2009 film)|Into the Storm]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2010
| rowspan=2|[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series|Outstanding Drama Series]]
| rowspan=2|''[[The Good Wife]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=3|2011
| {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Miniseries or Movie|Outstanding Miniseries or Movie]]
| ''[[The Pillars of the Earth (miniseries)|The Pillars of the Earth]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| Outstanding Nonfiction Special
|''[[Gettysburg (2011 film)|Gettysburg]]''
|{{Won}}
|-
| 2014
| rowspan=2|[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie|Outstanding Television Movie]]
| ''[[Killing Kennedy (film)|Killing Kennedy]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2015
| ''[[Killing Jesus (miniseries)|Killing Jesus]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[Golden Globe Awards]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 2001
| rowspan=3| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| ''Gladiator''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2008
| ''American Gangster''
| {{Nom}}
|-
|rowspan=2| 2016
|rowspan=2| ''The Martian''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy|Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy]]
| {{Won}}
|-
| 2018
| Best Director
| ''[[All the Money in the World]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[National Board of Review]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 2015
| [[National Board of Review Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| ''The Martian''
|{{Won}}
|-
|}
'''[[Saturn Awards]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 1980
|rowspan=3| [[Saturn Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]''
| {{Won}}
|-
| 1983
| ''[[Blade Runner]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2001
| ''Gladiator''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2004
|[[The George Pal Memorial Award]]
|
|{{Won}}
|-
| 2016
| Best Director
| ''The Martian''
| {{Won}}
|-
|}
'''[[Satellite Awards]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 2001
| rowspan=2|Best Director
| ''Gladiator''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2016
| ''The Martian''
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[Visual Effects Society]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 2016
| Lifetime Achievement Award
|
|{{Won}}
|}
==Awards received by Scott movies==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Year
! rowspan="2" | Film
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| Academy Awards
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| BAFTA Awards
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| Golden Globe Awards
|-
! Nominations
! Wins
! Nominations
! Wins
! Nominations
! Wins
|-
|1977
|''[[The Duellists]]''
|
|
|align=center|2
|
|
|
|-
|1979
|''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]''
|align=center|2
|align=center|1
|align=center|7
|align=center|2
|align=center|1
|
|-
|1982
|''[[Blade Runner]]''
|align=center|2
|
|align=center|8
|align=center|3
|align=center|1
|
|-
|1985
|''[[Legend (1985 film)|Legend]]''
|align=center|1
|
|align=center|3
|
|
|
|-
|1989
|''[[Black Rain (1989 American film)|Black Rain]]''
|align=center|2
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|1991
|''[[Thelma & Louise]]''
|align=center|6
|align=center|1
|align=center|8
|
|align=center|4
|align=center|1
|-
|1992
|''[[1492: Conquest of Paradise]]''
|
|
|
|
|align=center|1
|
|-
|2000
|''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
|align=center|12
|align=center|5
|align=center|14
|align=center|4
|align=center|5
|align=center|2
|-
|2001
|''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]''
|align=center|4
|align=center|2
|align=center|3
|
|
|
|-
|2007
|''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]''
|align=center|2
|
|align=center|5
|
|align=center|3
|
|-
|2012
|''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]''
|align=center|1
|
|align=center|1
|
|
|
|-
|2015
|''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''
|align=center|7
|
|align=center|6
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|2
|-
|2017
|''[[All the Money in the World]]''
|align=center|1
|
|align=center|1
|
|align=center|3
|
|-
!colspan="2"|'''Total'''
!align=center|40
!align=center|9
!align=center|58
!align=center|9
!align=center|22
!align=center|5
|}
===Directed Academy Award performances===
Scott has directed multiple Oscar nominated performances resulting in one win.
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Performer
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Film
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Result
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center;"|'''[[Academy Award for Best Actor]]'''
|-
| [[73rd Academy Awards|2000]]
| [[Russell Crowe]]
| ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
| {{won}}
|-
| [[88th Academy Awards|2015]]
| [[Matt Damon]]
| ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;"|'''[[Academy Award for Best Actress]]'''
|-
|rowspan=2| [[64th Academy Awards|1991]]
| [[Geena Davis]]
|rowspan=2| ''[[Thelma and Louise]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Susan Sarandon]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;"|'''[[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor]]'''
|-
| [[73rd Academy Awards|2000]]
| [[Joaquin Phoenix]]
| ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[90th Academy Awards|2017]]
| [[Christopher Plummer]]
| ''[[All the Money in the World]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;"|'''[[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]]'''
|-
| [[80th Academy Awards|2007]]
| [[Ruby Dee]]
| ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]''
| {{nom}}
|}
==Filmography==
{{main|Ridley Scott filmography}}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Directed features
|-
! Year
! Title
! Distributor
|-
| 1977
| ''[[The Duellists]]''
| [[Paramount Pictures]]
|-
| 1979
| ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]''
| [[20th Century Fox]]
|-
| 1982
| ''[[Blade Runner]]''
| [[Warner Bros.]]
|-
| 1985
| ''[[Legend (1985 film)|Legend]]''
| [[Universal Pictures]] / 20th Century Fox
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Someone to Watch Over Me (film)|Someone to Watch Over Me]]''
| [[Columbia Pictures]]
|-
| 1989
| ''[[Black Rain (1989 American film)|Black Rain]]''
| Paramount Pictures
|-
| 1991
| ''[[Thelma & Louise]]''
| [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]
|-
| 1992
| ''[[1492: Conquest of Paradise]]''
| Paramount Pictures
|-
| 1996
| ''[[White Squall (film)|White Squall]]''
|rowspan=2| [[Walt Disney Pictures|Buena Vista Distribution]]
|-
| 1997
| ''[[G.I. Jane]]''
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
| [[DreamWorks Pictures]] / Universal Pictures
|-
|rowspan=2| 2001
| ''[[Hannibal (2001 film)|Hannibal]]''
| Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer / Universal Pictures
|-
| ''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]''
| [[Sony Pictures Releasing]]
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Matchstick Men]]''
| Warner Bros. Pictures
|-
| 2005
| ''[[Kingdom of Heaven (film)|Kingdom of Heaven]]''
|rowspan=2| 20th Century Fox
|-
| 2006
| ''[[A Good Year]]''
|-
| 2007
| ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]''
| Universal Pictures
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Body of Lies (film)|Body of Lies]]''
| Warner Bros. Pictures
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Robin Hood (2010 film)|Robin Hood]]''
| Universal Pictures
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]''
|rowspan=5|20th Century Fox
|-
| 2013
| ''[[The Counselor]]''
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Exodus: Gods and Kings]]''
|-
| 2015
| ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''
|-
|rowspan=2| 2017
| ''[[Alien: Covenant]]''
|-
| ''[[All the Money in the World]]''
| Sony Pictures Releasing / [[STX Entertainment]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2021
| ''[[The Last Duel (2021 film)|The Last Duel]]''
| [[20th Century Studios]]
|-
| ''[[House of Gucci]]''
| [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]
|}
==Box office performance==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! United States gross<ref name="Box office">{{cite web | url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?view=Director&id=ridleyscott.htm | title=Ridley Scott Movie Box Office| work=boxofficemojo.com | access-date=13 October 2015}}</ref>
! Worldwide gross<ref name="Box office"/>
! Theatres<ref name="Box office"/>
! Opening weekend<ref name="Box office"/>
! Opening theatres
! Budget
|-
| 1977
| ''The Duellists''
|
|
|
|
|
| $900,000
|-
| 1979
| ''Alien''
| $80,931,801
| $104,931,801
| 757
| $3,527,881
| 91
| $11,000,000
|-
| 1982
| ''Blade Runner''
| $32,768,670
| $33,139,618
| 1,325
| $6,150,002
| 1,295
| $28,000,000
|-
| 1985
| ''Legend''
| $15,502,112
| $23,506,237
| 1,187
| $4,261,154
| 1,187
| $24,500,000
|-
| 1987
| ''Someone to Watch Over Me''
| $10,278,549
| $10,278,549
| 894
| $2,908,796
| 892
| $17,000,000
|-
| 1989
| ''Black Rain''
| $46,212,055
| $134,212,055
| 1,760
| $9,677,102
| 1,610
| $30,000,000
|-
| 1991
| ''Thelma & Louise''
| $45,360,915
| –
| 1,180
| $6,101,297
| 1,179
| $16,500,000
|-
| 1992
| ''1492: Conquest of Paradise''
| $7,191,399
| $59,000,000
| 1,008
| $3,002,680
| 1,008
| $47,000,000
|-
| 1996
| ''White Squall''
| $10,292,300
| $10,292,300
| 1,524
| $3,908,514
| 1,524
| $38,000,000
|-
| 1997
| ''G.I. Jane''
| $48,169,156
| $97,169,156
| 2,043
| $11,094,241
| 1,945
| $50,000,000
|-
| 2000
| ''Gladiator''
| $187,705,427
| $457,640,427
| 3,188
| $34,819,017
| 2,938
| $103,000,000
|-
|rowspan=2| 2001
| ''Hannibal''
| $165,092,268
| $351,692,268
| 3,292
| $58,003,121
| 3,230
| $87,000,000
|-
| ''Black Hawk Down''
| $108,638,745
| $172,989,651
| 3,143
| $179,823
| 4
| $92,000,000
|-
| 2003
| ''Matchstick Men''
| $36,906,460
| $65,565,672
| 2,711
| $13,087,307
| 2,711
| $65,000,000
|-
| 2005
| ''Kingdom of Heaven''
| $47,398,413
| $211,652,051
| 3,219
| $19,635,996
| 3,216
| $130,000,000
|-
| 2006
| ''A Good Year''
| $7,459,300
| $42,056,466
| 2,067
| $3,721,526
| 2,066
| $35,000,000
|-
| 2007
| ''American Gangster''
| $130,164,645
| $265,697,825
| 3,110
| $43,565,115
| 3,054
| $100,000,000
|-
| 2008
| ''Body of Lies''
| $39,394,666
| $115,321,950
| 2,714
| $12,884,416
| 2,710
| $70,000,000
|-
| 2010
| ''Robin Hood''
| $105,269,730
| $321,669,730
| 3,505
| $36,063,385
| 3,503
| $200,000,000
|-
| 2012
| ''Prometheus''
| $126,477,084
| $403,354,469
| 3,442
| $51,050,101
| 3,396
| $130,000,000
|-
| 2013
| ''The Counselor''
| $16,973,715
| $70,237,649
| 3,044
| $7,842,930
| 3,044
| $25,000,000
|-
| 2014
| ''Exodus: Gods and Kings''
| $65,014,513
| $268,031,828
| 3,503
| $24,115,934
| 3,503
| $200,000,000
|-
| 2015
| ''The Martian''
| $228,433,663
| $630,161,890
| 3,854
| $54,308,575
| 3,831
| $108,000,000
|-
|rowspan=2| 2017
| ''Alien: Covenant''
| $74,262,031
| $240,745,764
| 3,772
| $36,160,621
| 3,761
| $97,000,000
|-
| ''All the Money in the World''
| $25,113,707
| $56,996,304
| 2,123
| $5,584,684
| 2,074
| $50,000,000
|-
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{commons}}
{{Portal|Film |Speculative fiction |England }}
* {{sfhof|952|Ridley Scott}}
* {{IMDb name|631}}
* {{IMDb company|0074212|Scott Free Productions}}
* {{AllMovie name|110579}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes person|ridley_scott}}
* {{isfdb name|97897}}
* [http://www.rsafilms.com Ridley Scott Associates (RSA)]
* [http://www.theyshootpictures.com/scottridley.htm They Shoot Pictures, Don't They?]
* {{cite web |url= http://www.stv.tv/out/showArticle.jsp?source=opencms&articleId=/out/edimburg_festival/films/ridley_scott_interview |format= Video |title= Interview |publisher= [[STV (TV channel)|STV]] |first= Grant |last= Lauchlan |quote= Discussing ''Kingdom of Heaven'' and ''Blade Runner'' |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081025060828/http://www.stv.tv/out/showArticle.jsp?source=opencms&articleId=%2Fout%2Fedimburg_festival%2Ffilms%2Fridley_scott_interview |archive-date= 25 October 2008 |df= dmy-all }}
* {{cite news |url= http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14931-2388287,00.html |newspaper= Times |date= 5 Oct 2006 |title= Ridley Scott uncut: exclusive online interview |first= Chris |last= Sullivan |url-status= dead |archive-date= 5 July 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080705151641/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14931-2388287,00.html }}
* {{cite web |url= https://www.gamesradar.com/the-total-film-interview-ridley-scott/ |title= Total Film: Interview with Ridley Scott |date= 15 Jul 2007 |url-status= live |archive-date= 26 September 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070926213349/http://www.totalfilm.com/features/the_total_film_interview_-_ridley_scott2 }}
{{Ridley Scott}}
{{Navboxes
| title = Awards for Ridley Scott
| list =
{{BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award}}
{{British Film Institute Fellowship}}
{{BAFTA Los Angeles Britannia Awards}}
{{DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm}}
{{London Film Critics Circle Award for Director of the Year}}
{{National Board of Review Award for Best Director}}
{{Saturn Award for Best Director}}
{{The George Pal Memorial Award}}
}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Scott, Ridley}}
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Alumni of the Royal College of Art]]
[[Category:Apple Inc. advertising]]
[[Category:BAFTA Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award]]
[[Category:BAFTA fellows]]
[[Category:British film production company founders]]
[[Category:David di Donatello winners]]
[[Category:Directors Guild of America Award winners]]
[[Category:English atheists]]
[[Category:English expatriates in France]]
[[Category:English expatriates in the United States]]
[[Category:English film directors]]
[[Category:English film producers]]
[[Category:English television directors]]
[[Category:English television producers]]
[[Category:English-language film directors]]
[[Category:Golden Globe Award-winning producers]]
[[Category:Horror film directors]]
[[Category:Hugo Award winners]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:People from South Shields]]
[[Category:Primetime Emmy Award winners]]
[[Category:Science fiction film directors]]
[[Category:Science Fiction Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Television commercial directors]]
[[Category:Scott family (filmmaking)|Ridley]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Short description|English film director and film producer}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Infobox personPaolo Conte (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpaolo ˈkonte]; born 6 January 1937) is an Italian singer, pianist, composer, and lawyer notable for his grainy, resonant voice. His compositions are evocative of Italian and Mediterranean sounds, as well as of jazz music and South American atmospheres.
| honorific_prefix = [[Sir]]
| name = Ridley Scott
| image = NASA Journey to Mars and “The Martian" (201508180030HQ).jpg
| caption = Scott in August 2015
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1937|11|30}}
| birth_place = [[South Shields|South Shields, County Durham]],<!--South Shields was in County Durham until 1974, so County Durham is correct--> England
| occupation = {{hlist|Film director|producer}}
| years_active = 1965–present
| spouse = {{marriage|Felicity Heywood<br />|1964|1975|end=div}}<br />{{marriage|Sandy Watson<br />|1979|1989|end=div}}<br />{{marriage|[[Giannina Facio]]<br />|2015}}
| children = {{hlist|[[Jake Scott (director)|Jake]]|[[Luke Scott (director)|Luke]]|[[Jordan Scott|Jordan]]}}
| relatives = [[Tony Scott]] (brother)
}}
'''Sir Ridley Scott''' (born 30 November 1937) is an English film director and producer. He has directed the science fiction horror film ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' (1979), the [[neo-noir]] dystopian film ''[[Blade Runner]]'' (1982), the road adventure film ''[[Thelma & Louise]]'' (1991), the historical drama film ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]'' (2000), the war film ''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]'' (2001) and the science fiction film ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]'' (2015).
Scott began his career in advertising, where he honed his filmmaking skills by making inventive mini-films for television commercials, and his work is known for its atmospheric and highly concentrated visual style.<ref name="commercials"/><ref name="Britannica">{{cite web|title=Ridley Scott|url=http://www.britannica.com/biography/Ridley-Scott|website=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref><ref name="Visual style">{{cite news|last1=Matthews|first1=Jack|title=Regarding Ridley : For 15 years Ridley Scott has dazzled us with expressive imagery. 'Every time you make a film, really you're making a novel,' says the director|url=https://articles.latimes.com/1992-10-04/entertainment/ca-1142_1_ridley-scott|work=Los Angeles Times|date=4 October 1992}}</ref> Though his films range widely in setting and period, they frequently showcase memorable imagery of urban environments, spanning 2nd-century Rome (''Gladiator''), 12th-century [[Jerusalem]] (''[[Kingdom of Heaven (film)|Kingdom of Heaven]]''), [[England in the Middle Ages|Medieval England]] (''[[Robin Hood (2010 film)|Robin Hood]]''), contemporary [[Mogadishu]] (''Black Hawk Down''), or the futuristic cityscapes of ''Blade Runner'' and distant planets in ''Alien'', ''[[Alien: Covenant]]'', ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'', and ''The Martian''. Several of his films are also known for their strong female characters.<ref name="Heroines">{{cite magazine|title=Ridley Scott's History of Directing Strong Women|url=http://europe.newsweek.com/ridley-scotts-history-directing-strong-women-65047?rm=eu|magazine=Newsweek|date=17 December 2016}}</ref>
Scott has been nominated for three [[Academy Award for Best Director|Academy Awards for Directing]], which he received for ''Thelma & Louise'', ''Gladiator'' and ''Black Hawk Down''.<ref name="Britannica"/> ''Gladiator'' won the [[Academy Award for Best Picture]], and he received a nomination in that category for the 2015 film ''The Martian''. In 1995 both Scott and his brother [[Tony Scott|Tony]] received a [[British Academy Film Awards|BAFTA]] for Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema.<ref name="Outstanding contribution">{{cite news|title=Outstanding British Contribution To Cinema|url=http://awards.bafta.org/award/1995/film/outstanding-british-contribution-to-cinema|publisher=BAFTA|date=12 October 2015}}</ref> In 2003 he was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]] for services to the British film industry.<ref name="knighted">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3054254.stm |title=Queen knights Gladiator director |work=BBC News |date=8 July 2003 |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> In a 2004 [[BBC]] poll, Scott was ranked 10 on the list of most influential people in British culture.<ref>{{cite news|title=iPod's low-profile creator tops cultural chart|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/ipods-low-profile-creator-tops-cultural-chart-68924.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=18 March 2017}}</ref> He received an honorary doctorate from the [[Royal College of Art]] in London in 2015 and the [[BAFTA Fellowship]] for lifetime achievement in 2018.<ref name="BAFTA Felowship">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-42888673|title=Sir Ridley Scott gets top Bafta honour|work=BBC News|access-date=18 February 2018| date = 31 January 2018}}</ref>
==Early life==
{{Quote box|width=30%|align=right|quote="My mum brought three boys up: my dad was in the army and so he was frequently away. During [[World War II|the war]] and post-war, we tended to travel following him around so my mum was the boss. She laid down the law and the law was God. We just said, 'Yup, okay' – we didn't argue. I think that's where the respect has come from, because she was tough."|source = — A supporter of strong female characters in his work, Scott credits his mother Elizabeth as his first female role model<ref name="Female heroes">{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott: Sexism is real, take it seriously|url=http://m.dailylife.com.au/news-and-views/dl-culture/ridley-scott-sexism-is-real-take-it-seriously-20151006-gk2d33.html|publisher=Daily Life|date=18 December 2016|access-date=18 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817083320/http://m.dailylife.com.au/news-and-views/dl-culture/ridley-scott-sexism-is-real-take-it-seriously-20151006-gk2d33.html|archive-date=17 August 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
Scott was born on 30 November 1937<ref>General Register Office; United Kingdom; Reference: Volume 10a, Page 982</ref> in [[South Shields|South Shields, County Durham]],<!--South Shields was in County Durham until 1974, so County Durham is correct--> to Elizabeth (née Williams) and Colonel Francis Percy Scott.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://living.scotsman.com/tvradio/How-Winston-helped-save-the.2341166.jp |title=How Winston helped save the nation |work=Scotsman.com Living |date=6 July 2002 |access-date=20 December 2010}}</ref><ref>[https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVQF-2PCT "Ridley Scott: England and Wales Birth Registration Index"]. Family Search.org.</ref> His grand-uncle Dixon Scott was a pioneer of the cinema chain and opened many cinemas around [[Tyneside]]. One of his cinemas, [[Tyneside Cinema]], is still operating in [[Newcastle upon Tyne|Newcastle]] and is the last remaining [[newsreel]] cinema in the UK.<ref name=ridleyScottTyne>{{cite news | last = Hodgson | first = Barbara| title = Who is Ridley Scott? Read our guide to the North East-born star as he receives top award | newspaper = Chronicle| location = Newcastle | language = en| publisher = chroniclelive.co.uk| date = 16 February 2018| url = https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/whats-on/film-news/who-ridley-scott-read-guide-14301781 | access-date = 6 March 2018}}</ref> Born shortly before [[World War II]] began, Scott was brought up in a military family. His father, an officer in the [[Corps of Royal Engineers|Royal Engineers]], was absent for most of his early life. His elder brother, Frank, joined the [[British Merchant Navy]] when he was still young and the pair had little contact.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ten Things About... Ridley Scott|url=http://www.digitalspy.com/showbiz/10-things-about/news/a384212/ten-things-about-ridley-scott/|website=Digital Spy|date=19 December 2016}}</ref> During this time the family moved around; they lived in [[Cumberland]] as well as other areas in England, in addition to Wales and Germany. Scott's younger brother, [[Tony Scott|Tony]], also became a film director. After World War II the Scott family moved back to Co. Durham and eventually settled on Greens Beck Road in [[Hartburn, County Durham]].
His interest in science fiction began by reading the novels of [[H. G. Wells]] as a child.<ref name="Sci-fi">{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott: 'Why the hell would I want to go to Mars?|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/the-martian/ridley-scott-interview/|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=10 October 2017}}</ref> He was also influenced by science-fiction films such as ''[[It! The Terror from Beyond Space]]'', ''[[The Day the Earth Stood Still]]'', and ''[[Them! (1954 film)|Them!]]'' He said these films "kind of got [him] going a little" but his attention was not fully caught until he saw [[Stanley Kubrick]]'s ''[[2001: A Space Odyssey (film)|2001: A Space Odyssey]]'', about which he said, "Once I saw that, I knew what I could do."<ref name="Sci-fi"/> He went to [[Grangefield Grammar School]] in Stockton and obtained a diploma in design at [[West Hartlepool College of Art]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Film fans can watch Sir Ridley Scott's first movie for free|url=http://www.hartlepoolmail.co.uk/news/film-fans-can-watch-sir-ridley-scott-s-first-movie-for-free-1-7612799|publisher=Hartlepool Mail|date=13 January 2016|access-date=13 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111003418/http://www.hartlepoolmail.co.uk/news/film-fans-can-watch-sir-ridley-scott-s-first-movie-for-free-1-7612799|archive-date=11 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The industrial landscape in West Hartlepool would later inspire visuals in ''Blade Runner'', with Scott stating, "There were steelworks adjacent to West Hartlepool, so every day I'd be going through them, and thinking they're kind of magnificent, beautiful, winter or summer, and the darker and more ominous it got, the more interesting it got."<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2003/09/20/bfscott20.xml&sSheet=/arts/2003/09/20/ixartright.html |title=Director Maximus |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=July 27, 2011 |date=September 20, 2003 |location=London |first=Mark |last=Monahan |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080621145411/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=%2Farts%2F2003%2F09%2F20%2Fbfscott20.xml&sSheet=%2Farts%2F2003%2F09%2F20%2Fixartright.html |archive-date=June 21, 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
{{Quote box|width=30%|align=left|quote="I use everything I learned every day at art school. It's all about white sheets of paper, pens and drawing."
|source = — Scott speaking about the influence the [[Royal College of Art]] has had in designing the visuals for his films<ref>Ridley Scott – Hollywood's Best Film Directors. Sky Arts. 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2016</ref>}}
Scott went on to study at the [[Royal College of Art]] in London, contributing to college magazine ''ARK'' and helping to establish the college film department. For his final show, he made a black and white short film, ''[[Boy and Bicycle]]'', starring both his younger brother and his father (the film was later released on the "Extras" section of ''The Duellists'' DVD). In February 1963, Scott was named in the title credits as "Designer" for the BBC television programme [[Tonight (1957 TV series)|''Tonight'']]. After graduation in 1963, he secured a job as a trainee set designer with the BBC, leading to work on the popular television police series ''[[Z-Cars]]'' and science fiction series ''[[Out of the Unknown]]''. He was originally assigned to design the second ''[[Doctor Who]]'' serial, ''[[The Daleks]]'', which would have entailed realising the serial's [[Dalek|eponymous alien creatures]]. However, shortly before he was due to start work, a schedule conflict meant he was replaced by [[Raymond Cusick]].<ref name="scott">{{cite book|title=The Handbook: The First Doctor — The William Hartnell Years 1963–1966|first=David J.|last=Howe|author-link=David J. Howe|author2=Mark Stammers, [[Stephen James Walker]]|publisher=[[Virgin Books]]|year=1994|isbn=0-426-20430-1|page=61}}</ref> In 1965, he began directing episodes of television series for the BBC, only one of which, an episode of ''[[Adam Adamant Lives!]]'', is available commercially.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/classic/adamant/trivia.shtml "Adam Adamant Lives!"]. BBC. Retrieved 19 October 2016</ref>
[[File:Gold Hill, Shaftsbury, Dorset, England.JPG|right|thumb|[[Gold Hill, Shaftesbury|Gold Hill]] in [[Shaftesbury|Shaftesbury, Dorset]], where Scott filmed the 1973 [[Hovis]] television commercial]]
In 1968, Ridley and Tony Scott founded Ridley Scott Associates (RSA), a film and commercial production company.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Dutta | first = Kunal | title = Great Scott – Forty years of RSA | journal = Campaign | date = 30 November 2007 | url = http://www.campaignlive.co.uk/news/features/770904/Great-Scott–-Forty-years-RSA/ }}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Working alongside [[Alan Parker]], [[Hugh Hudson]] and cinematographer [[Hugh Johnson (cinematographer)|Hugh Johnson]], Ridley Scott made many commercials at RSA during the 1970s, including a 1973 [[Hovis]] bread advertisement, "Bike Round" (underscored by the slow movement of [[Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)|Dvořák's "New World" symphony]] rearranged for brass), filmed in [[Gold Hill, Shaftesbury]], Dorset.<ref name="commercials">{{cite news|title=Jets, jeans and Hovis|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2007/aug/24/1|newspaper=The Guardian|date=13 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine | title= The Raging Peloton | url= http://www.lrb.co.uk/v33/n02/iain-sinclair/the-raging-peloton/print | author= Iain Sinclair| date= 20 January 2011 | volume= 33 | issue=2 | pages= 3–8 | magazine= [[London Review of Books]] | access-date= 11 April 2016 | quote= As proudly as the freshly baked loaves in Ridley Scott's celebrated [Hovis] commercial, shot in 1973, on the picturesque slopes of Shaftesbury.| author-link= Iain Sinclair }}</ref> A nostalgia themed television advert that captured the public imagination, it was voted the UK's favourite commercial in a 2006 poll.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott's Hovis advert is voted all-time favourite|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/ridley-scotts-hovis-advert-is-voted-all-time-favourite-6102089.html|newspaper=The Independent|issue=2 May 2006|date=13 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hovisbakery.co.uk/assets/downloads/Hovis_History.pdf |title=Hovis: 120 years of Goodness |date=2006 |access-date=13 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219012829/http://www.hovisbakery.co.uk/assets/downloads/Hovis_History.pdf |archive-date=19 December 2014}}</ref> In the 1970s the [[Chanel No. 5]] brand needed revitalisation having run the risk of being labelled as mass market and passé.<ref name="Chanel"/> Directed by Scott in the 1970s and 1980s, Chanel television commercials were inventive mini-films with production values of surreal fantasy and seduction, which "played on the same visual imagery, with the same silhouette of the bottle."<ref name="Chanel">{{cite book|last1=Mazzeo|first1=Tilar J.|title=The Secret of Chanel No. 5|date=2010|publisher=HarperCollins|pages=197, 199}}</ref>
Five members of the Scott family are directors, and all have worked for RSA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rsafilms.com |title=Ridley Scott Associates (RSA) |publisher=Rsafilms.com |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> His brother Tony was a successful film director whose career spanned more than two decades; his sons [[Jake Scott (director)|Jake]] and [[Luke Scott (director)|Luke]] are both acclaimed directors of commercials, as is his daughter, [[Jordan Scott]]. Jake and Jordan both work from Los Angeles; Luke is based in London. In 1995, [[Shepperton Studios]] was purchased by a consortium headed by Ridley and Tony Scott, which extensively renovated the studios while also expanding and improving its grounds.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Shepperton Studios |url=http://www.pinewoodgroup.com/uploads/PDF/SheppertonStudiosHistory.pdf |publisher=pinewoodgroup.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409101450/http://www.pinewoodgroup.com/uploads/PDF/SheppertonStudiosHistory.pdf |archive-date=9 April 2008}}</ref>
==Career==
===1970s: ''The Duellists'', ''Alien''===
''[[The Duellists]]'' (1977) marked Ridley Scott's first feature film as director. Shot in Europe, it was nominated for the main prize at the [[Cannes Film Festival]], and won an award for Best Debut Film. ''The Duellists'' had limited commercial impact internationally. Set during the [[Napoleonic Wars]], it follows two French [[Hussar]] officers, D'Hubert and Feraud ([[Keith Carradine]] and [[Harvey Keitel]]) whose quarrel over an initially minor incident turns into a bitter extended feud spanning fifteen years, interwoven with the larger conflict that provides its backdrop. The film has been acclaimed for providing a historically authentic portrayal of Napoleonic uniforms and military conduct.<ref>Adam Barkman, Ashley Barkman, Nancy Kang (2013). "The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott". Chapter 10. Celebrating Historical Accuracy in The Duellists. p.171-178. Lexington Books</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The Duellists: it takes two to tangle|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/oct/28/the-duellists-reel-history|newspaper=The Guardian|date=10 January 2015}}</ref> The 2013 release of the film on Blu-ray coincided with the publication of an essay on the film in a collection of scholarly essays on Scott.<ref>"[https://www.academia.edu/12374141/Honor_in_The_Duellists A Double-Edged Sword: Honor in The Duellists]", in ''The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott'', eds. Adam Barkman, Ashley Barkman, and Jim McRae (Lexington Books, 2013), 45–60.</ref>
Scott had originally planned next to adapt a version of ''[[Tristan and Iseult]]'', but after seeing ''[[Star Wars (film)|Star Wars]]'', he became convinced of the potential of large scale, effects-driven films. He accepted the job of directing ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'', the 1979 horror/science-fiction film that would win him international success. Scott made the decision to switch [[Ellen Ripley]] from the standard male action hero to a [[Girl Power in popular culture#Female action heroes and science fiction|heroine]].<ref name="Female icon">{{cite magazine|title=Great Female Roles That Were Originally Written for Men|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2015/06/female-characters-written-for-men|magazine=Vanity Fair|date=17 December 2016}}</ref> Ripley (played by [[Sigourney Weaver]]), who appeared in the first four ''Alien'' films, would become a cinematic icon.<ref name="Female icon"/> The final scene of [[John Hurt]]'s character has been named by a number of publications as one of the most memorable in cinematic history.<ref name="memorable">Sources that refer to the final scene of Hurt's character in ''Alien'' as one of the most memorable in cinematic history include these:
*{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6597295.stm |title=Alien named as top 18-rated scene |author=BBC News |publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=26 April 2007 |access-date=31 May 2010|author-link=BBC News }}
*{{cite web|title=The 100 Scariest Movie Moments|publisher=Bravo|url=http://www.bravotv.com/The_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments/index.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030070540/http://www.bravotv.com/The_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments/index.shtml|archive-date=30 October 2007|access-date=29 May 2010}}
*{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/oct/13/making-of-alien-chestburster|title=The making of Alien's chestburster scene|work=The Guardian |access-date=18 January 2010 | date=13 October 2009}}</ref> Filmed at [[Shepperton Studios]] in England, ''Alien'' was the [[1979 in film|sixth highest-grossing film of 1979]], earning over $104 million worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=alien.htm |title=Box Office Information for ''Alien'' |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=11 June 2010}}</ref> Scott was involved in the 2003 restoration and re-release of the original film. In promotional interviews at the time, Scott indicated he had been in discussions to make a fifth film in the ''Alien'' franchise. However, in a 2006 interview, Scott remarked that he had been unhappy about ''Alien: The Director's Cut'', feeling that the original was "pretty flawless" and that the additions were merely a marketing tool.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolavconsole/ukfs_news/hi/newsid_6060000/newsid_6068400/bb_rm_6068470.stm |title=A good year ahead for Ridley |work=BBC News |date=20 October 2006 |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> Scott later returned to ''Alien''-related projects when he directed ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'' and ''[[Alien: Covenant]]'' three decades after the original film's release.<ref name="Alien prequel"/>
=== 1980s: ''Blade Runner'' and other films ===
{{Quote box|width=28%|align=right|quote="Outside ''Star Wars'', no sci-fi universe has been etched into cinematic consciousness more thoroughly than ''[[Blade Runner]]''. Ridley Scott's definitive 1982 neo-noir offered an immersive dystopia of rain-soaked windows and shadowy buildings adorned with animated neon billboards, where flying cars hum through the endless night." |source = — Eric Kohn, ''IndieWire'', 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiewire.com/2017/09/blade-runner-2049-review-ryan-gosling-denis-villeneuve-1201881820/|title=Blade Runner 2049 review – Denis Villeneuve's Neo-Noir Sequel Is Mind-Blowing Sci-Fi Storytelling|last=Kohn|first=Eric|date=29 September 2017|work=Indiewire|access-date=4 September 2017}}</ref>}}
After a year working on the film adaptation of ''[[Dune (novel)|Dune]]'', and following the sudden death of his brother Frank, Scott signed to direct the film version of [[Philip K. Dick]]'s novel ''[[Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?]]'' Re-titled ''Blade Runner'' and starring [[Harrison Ford]], the film was a commercial disappointment in cinemas in 1982, but is now regarded as a classic.<ref>{{citation | url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3600802.stm | title= Blade Runner tops scientist poll | work=BBC News | date=26 August 2004 | access-date=9 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=How Ridley Scott's sci-fi classic, Blade Runner, foresaw the way we live today|url=http://www.spectator.co.uk/2015/03/how-ridley-scotts-sci-fi-classic-blade-runner-foresaw-the-way-we-live-today/|magazine=The Spectator|date=10 January 2016}}</ref> In 1991, Scott's notes were used by Warner Bros. to create a rushed [[director's cut]] which removed the main character's voiceover and made a number of other small changes, including to the ending. Later Scott personally supervised a digital restoration of ''Blade Runner'' and approved what was called ''The Final Cut''. This version was released in Los Angeles, New York City and [[Toronto]] cinemas on 5 October 2007, and as an elaborate DVD release in December 2007.<ref name=bladerunner2007>[http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?id=36328 "''Blade Runner'' Final Cut Due", SciFi Wire, 26 May 2006] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080602222117/http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?id=36328 |date=2 June 2008 }}</ref>
Today, ''Blade Runner'' is ranked by many critics as one of the most important and influential science fiction films ever made,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/life/news/page/0,12983,1290764,00.html |title=Top 10 sci-fi films|work=The Guardian |location=UK |access-date=6 March 2010 }}</ref> partly thanks to its much imitated portraits of a future cityscape.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ew.com/movies/2017/09/29/blade-runner-2049-review/|title=Impeccably cool 'Blade Runner 2049' is a ravishing visual feast: EW review|date=29 September 2017|access-date=4 September 2017}}</ref> It is often discussed along with [[William Gibson]]'s novel ''[[Neuromancer]]'' as initiating the [[cyberpunk]] genre. Stephen Minger, stem cell biologist at King's College London, states, "It was so far ahead of its time and the whole premise of the story – what is it to be human and who are we, where we come from? It's the age-old questions."<ref>{{cite news |title='I've seen things...' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2004/aug/26/sciencefictionspecial |access-date=24 July 2019 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Scott has described ''Blade Runner'' as his "most complete and personal film".<ref name="scottobserver">{{cite journal|title=Scott's Corner |journal=The Observer |date=2 January 2002 |first=Lynn |last=Barber |url=http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,,628186,00.html |access-date=22 February 2007 |location=London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720054223/http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0%2C%2C628186%2C00.html |archive-date=20 July 2008}}</ref>
==="1984" Apple Macintosh commercial===
{{Main|1984 (advertisement)}}
In 1984, Scott directed a big-budget ($900,000) television commercial, "[[1984 (advertisement)|1984]]", to launch [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]'s [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]] computer.<ref>{{Cite book |chapter-url= http://tedfriedman.com/electric-dreams/chapter-5-apples-1984/ |title=Electric Dreams: Computers in American Culture |chapter=Chapter 5: 1984 |access-date=6 October 2011 |last=Friedman |first= Ted |year=2005 |publisher= [[New York University Press]]|isbn=0-8147-2740-9 }}</ref> Scott filmed the advertisement in England for about $370,000;<ref>{{cite news| title= The Computer, the Consumer and Privacy | url= https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/04/weekinreview/the-computer-the-consumer-and-privacy.html| date=4 March 1984| first= David |last=Burnham| location= Washington DC | newspaper= The New York Times| access-date=24 January 2014}}</ref> which was given a showcase airing in the US on 22 January 1984, during [[Super Bowl XVIII]], alongside screenings in cinemas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duke.edu/~tlove/mac.htm |title=Apple's 1984: The Introduction of the Macintosh in the Cultural History of Personal Computers |publisher=Duke.edu |access-date=6 March 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991005015117/http://www.duke.edu/~tlove/mac.htm |archive-date= 5 October 1999}}</ref> Some consider this advertisement a "watershed event" in advertising<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/kevinmaney/2004-01-28-maney_x.htm |title=Apple's '1984' Super Bowl commercial still stands as watershed event |work=USA Today |date=28 January 2004 |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> and a "masterpiece".<ref name=masterpiece>{{cite news
|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/02/02/eye.ent.commercials
|title= Why 2006 isn't like '1984'
|access-date=10 May 2008
|last=Leopold
|first=Todd
|date= 3 February 2006
|publisher=CNN
}}</ref> ''[[Advertising Age]]'' placed it top of its list of the 50 greatest commercials.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE5D61138F937A25750C0A963958260|title=The Media Business: Advertising; A new ranking of the '50 best' television commercials ever made|first=Stuart |last=Elliott|work=The New York Times|date=14 March 1995| access-date=22 January 2014| quote= The choice for the greatest commercial ever was the spectacular spot by Chiat/Day, evocative of the George Orwell novel ''1984'', that introduced the Apple Macintosh computer during Super Bowl XVIII in 1984.}}</ref>
Set in a dystopian future modelled after [[George Orwell]]'s ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]'', Scott's advertisement used its heroine (portrayed by English athlete [[Anya Major]]) to represent the coming of the Macintosh (indicated by her white [[Sleeveless shirt|tank top]] adorned with a picture of the Apple Macintosh computer) as a means of saving humanity from "conformity" ([[Big Brother (1984)|Big Brother]]), an allusion to [[IBM]], at that time the dominant force in computing.<ref name=cellini>{{cite web
|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb197/is_200401/ai_n5556112
|archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090628133757/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb197/is_200401/ai_n5556112
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=2009-06-28
|title= The Story Behind Apple's '1984' TV commercial: Big Brother at 20
|access-date=9 May 2008
|last=Cellini
|first=Adelia
|date=January 2004
|work=[[MacWorld]] 21.1, page 18
}}</ref>
In 1985, Scott directed ''[[Legend (1985 film)|Legend]]'', a fantasy film produced by [[Arnon Milchan]]. Scott decided to create a "once upon a time" tale set in a world of princesses, unicorns and goblins, filming almost entirely inside the studio. Scott cast [[Tom Cruise]] as the film's hero, Jack; [[Mia Sara]] as Princess Lili; and [[Tim Curry]] as the [[Satan]]-horned Lord of Darkness.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott's beautiful dark twisted fantasy: the making of Legend|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/legend-ridley-scott/tom-cruise-making-of/|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=17 November 2015}}</ref> Scott had a forest set built on the [[007 Stage]] at [[Pinewood Studios]] in Buckinghamshire, with trees 60 feet high and trunks 30 feet in diameter.<ref>Pirani, Adam (December 1985). "Ridley Scott: SF's Visual Magician". ''Starlog''. p. 64.</ref> In the final stages of filming, the forest set was destroyed by fire; [[Jerry Goldsmith]]'s original score was used for European release, but replaced in North America with a score by [[Tangerine Dream]]. Rob Bottin provided the film's Academy Award-nominated make-up effects, most notably Curry's red-coloured Satan figure. Despite a major commercial failure on release, the film has gone on to become a [[cult classic]]. The 2002 Director's Cut restored Goldsmith's original score.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/as-snow-white-the-huntsman-hits-theaters-5-more-fractured-fairytale-movies-20120531?page=2 |title=5 Fractured Fairy Tale Movies Worth Watching After 'Snow White and the Huntsman' |publisher=Blogs.indiewire.com |access-date=24 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225184450/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/as-snow-white-the-huntsman-hits-theaters-5-more-fractured-fairytale-movies-20120531?page=2 |archive-date=25 December 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
Scott made ''[[Someone to Watch Over Me (film)|Someone to Watch Over Me]]'', a romantic thriller starring [[Tom Berenger]] and [[Mimi Rogers]] in 1987, and ''[[Black Rain (1989 American film)|Black Rain]]'' (1989), a police drama starring [[Michael Douglas]] and [[Andy García]], shot partially in Japan. Both achieved mild success at the box office. ''Black Rain'' was the first of Scott's six collaborations with the composer [[Hans Zimmer]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Hans Zimmer career interview|url=https://www.empireonline.com/interviews/interview.asp?IID=1690|agency=Empire magazine|date=21 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Orchestral manoeuvres in the dark |url=http://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2014-05/16/hans-zimmer-interview/viewall |magazine=GQ |date=21 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018215003/https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2014-05/16/hans-zimmer-interview/viewall |archive-date=18 October 2014 }}</ref>
=== 1990s: ''Thelma & Louise'' ===
The road film ''[[Thelma & Louise]]'' (1991) starring [[Geena Davis]] as Thelma, [[Susan Sarandon]] as Louise, in addition to the breakthrough role for [[Brad Pitt]] as J.D, proved to be one of Scott's biggest critical successes, helping revive the director's reputation and receiving his first nomination for the [[Academy Award for Best Director]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Russell Smith|title=Brad Pitt Only Does Interesting Movie Roles|date=19 October 1993|work=[[Deseret News]]|page=EV6|quote=It was in 1991, when he hitched his ride with [[Geena Davis]] and [[Susan Sarandon]] in ''Thelma & Louise,'' that Pitt's star began to twinkle in earnest.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3687795.stm |title=Brad Pitt's epic journey |date=13 May 2004 |work=BBC News |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref> His next project, independently funded historical epic ''[[1492: Conquest of Paradise]]'', was a box office failure. The film recounts the expeditions to the Americas by [[Christopher Columbus]] (French star [[Gérard Depardieu]]). Scott did not release another film for four years.
In 1995, Ridley and his brother Tony formed a production company, [[Scott Free Productions]], in Los Angeles. All Ridley's subsequent feature films, starting with ''[[White Squall (film)|White Squall]]'' and ''[[G.I. Jane]]'', have been produced under the [[Scott Free Productions|Scott Free]] banner. In 1995 the two brothers purchased a controlling interest in the British film studio [[Shepperton Studios]]. In 2001, Shepperton merged with [[Pinewood Studios]] to become [[The Pinewood Studios Group]], which is headquartered in Buckinghamshire, England.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott: 'I'm doing pretty good, if you think about it'|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/ridley-scott-im-doing-pretty-good-if-you-think-about-it-2068888.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=21 October 2015}}</ref>
===2000s: ''Gladiator'', ''Black Hawk Down'', other films===
Scott's historical drama ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]'' (2000) proved to be one of his biggest critical and commercial successes. It won five Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor for the film's star [[Russell Crowe]], and saw Scott nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Director]].<ref name="Britannica"/> Scott worked with British visual effects company [[The Mill (company)|The Mill]] for the film's computer-generated imagery, and the film was dedicated to [[Oliver Reed]] who died during filming – The Mill created a digital body double for Reed's remaining scenes.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hassan |first=Genevieve |title=Missing in action: The films affected by actors' deaths |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-26039225 |date=10 April 2017 |access-date=11 August 2018 |work=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Patterson |first=John |title=CGI Friday: a brief history of computer-generated actors |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/mar/27/paul-walker-furious-seven-brief-history-of-computer-generated-actors |date=27 March 2015 |access-date=11 August 2018 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |publisher=[[Guardian News and Media Limited]]}}</ref> Some have credited ''Gladiator '' with reviving the nearly defunct "[[sword and sandal]]" historical genre. The film was named the fifth best action film of all time in the [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] special ''[[Best in Film: The Greatest Movies of Our Time]]''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Best in Film: The Greatest Movies of Our Time|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/Best_Film/best-film-greatest-movies-time/story?id=13147020|publisher=ABC|date=4 October 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Oliver Mark - Ridley Scott, Berlin 2005.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Scott in Berlin in 2005 by German photographer [[Oliver Mark]]]]
Scott directed ''[[Hannibal (2001 film)|Hannibal]]'' (2001) starring [[Anthony Hopkins]] as Hannibal Lecter. The film was commercially successful despite receiving mixed reviews. Scott's next film, ''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]'' (2001), featuring [[Tom Hardy]] in his film debut, was based on a group of stranded US soldiers fighting for their lives in [[Somalia]]; Scott was nominated for an Oscar for Best Director.<ref name="Britannica"/> In 2003, Scott directed a smaller scale project, ''[[Matchstick Men]]'', adapted from the novel by [[Eric Garcia (writer)|Eric Garcia]] and starring [[Nicolas Cage]], [[Sam Rockwell]] and [[Alison Lohman]]. It received mostly positive reviews, but performed moderately at the box office.
In 2005, he made the modestly successful ''[[Kingdom of Heaven (film)|Kingdom of Heaven]]'', a film about the [[Crusades]]. The film starred [[Orlando Bloom]], and marked Scott's first collaboration with the composer [[Harry Gregson-Williams]].<ref name="HG Williams">{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/martian-composer-creating-matt-damons-828847|title='The Martian' Composer on Creating Matt Damon's Theme, Ridley Scott's 'Prometheus' Plans|first=Ryan |last=Gajewski|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=3 October 2015|access-date=5 January 2016}}</ref> The Moroccan government sent the Moroccan cavalry as extras for some battle scenes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mooviees.com/9136/1804-production_notes|title=''Mooviess.com'' Kingdom of Heaven production notes|access-date=16 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112081521/http://www.mooviees.com/9136/1804-production_notes|archive-date=12 November 2009|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Unhappy with the theatrical version of ''Kingdom of Heaven'' (which he blamed on paying too much attention to the opinions of preview audiences in addition to relenting when Fox wanted 45 minutes shaved off), Scott supervised a director's cut of the film, the true version of what he wanted, which was released on DVD in 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kingdomofheavendvd.com|title=''Kingdom of Heaven: Director's Cut'' DVD official website|access-date=28 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907232309/http://www.kingdomofheavendvd.com/|archive-date=7 September 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> The director's cut of ''Kingdom of Heaven'' has been met with critical acclaim, with ''[[Empire (film magazine)|Empire]]'' magazine calling the film an "epic", adding: "The added 45 minutes in the director’s cut are like pieces missing from a beautiful but incomplete puzzle."<ref name="Kingdom">{{cite magazine|title=Directors Cuts, the Good, the Bad, and the Unnecessary|url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/special-editions-good-bad-unnecessary/|magazine=Empire|date=10 January 2015}}</ref> "This is the one that should have gone out" reflected Scott.<ref name="Kingdom"/> Asked if he was against previewing in general in 2006, Scott stated: "It depends who's in the driving seat. If you've got a lunatic doing my job, then you need to preview. But a good director should be experienced enough to judge what he thinks is the correct version to go out into the cinema."<ref name="totalfilm">''Total Film'' magazine, July 2006: 'Three hours, eight minutes. It's beautiful.' (Interview to promote ''Kingdom of Heaven: The Director's Cut'')</ref>
Scott teamed up again with ''Gladiator'' star [[Russell Crowe]] for ''[[A Good Year]]'', based on the best-selling book by [[Peter Mayle]] about an investment banker who finds a new life in [[Provence]]. The film was released on 10 November 2006. A few days later [[Rupert Murdoch]], chairman of studio [[20th Century Fox]] (who backed the film) dismissed ''A Good Year'' as "a flop" at a shareholders' meeting.<ref>{{cite news | title=A Good Year is a 'flop', Murdoch admits | date=16 November 2006 | url =http://film.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,1949283,00.html |work=The Guardian |location=UK | access-date=24 February 2007 }}</ref>
Scott's next film was ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]'', based on the story of real-life drug kingpin [[Frank Lucas (drug dealer)|Frank Lucas]]. Scott took over the project in early 2006, and had screenwriter [[Steven Zaillian]] rewrite his script to focus on the dynamic between Frank Lucas and [[Richie Roberts]]. [[Denzel Washington]] signed on to the project as Lucas, with Russell Crowe co-starring. The film premiered in November 2007 to positive reviews and box office success, and Scott was nominated for a [[Golden Globe Award for Best Director|Golden Globe for Best Director]].<ref name="Britannica"/>
In late 2008, Scott's espionage thriller ''[[Body of Lies (film)|Body of Lies]]'', starring [[Leonardo DiCaprio]] and Russell Crowe, opened to lukewarm ticket-sales and mixed reviews. Scott directed a revisionist adaptation of ''[[Robin Hood (2010 film)|Robin Hood]]'', which starred Russell Crowe as [[Robin Hood]] and [[Cate Blanchett]] as [[Maid Marian]]. It was released in May 2010 to mixed reviews, but a respectable box-office.
[[File:Ridley_Scott,_Charlize_Theron_%26_Michael_Fassbender_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg|thumb|right|Scott speaking with ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'' stars [[Charlize Theron]] and [[Michael Fassbender]] at Wondercon 2012 in Anaheim, California on 17 March 2012]]
On 31 July 2009, news surfaced of a two-part prequel to ''Alien'' with Scott attached to direct.<ref name="Alien prequel">{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/apr/27/ridley-scott-alien-prequels-3d |work=The Guardian | location=London | title=Ridley Scott plans two-part Alien prequel | first=Ben | last=Child | date=27 April 2010 | access-date=22 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloody-disgusting.com/news/17890 |title=Ridley Scott Talks 'Alien' Prequel and Timeline |publisher=Bloody-disgusting.com |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> The project, ultimately reduced to a single film called ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'', which Scott described as sharing "strands of ''Alien'''s DNA" while not being a direct prequel, was released in June 2012. The film starred [[Charlize Theron]] and [[Michael Fassbender]], with [[Noomi Rapace]] playing the leading role of the scientist named Elizabeth Shaw. The film received mostly positive reviews and grossed $403 million at the box office.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=prometheus.htm | title=Prometheus Box Office| work=boxofficemojo.com | access-date=26 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Prometheus 2 synopsis reveals Ridley Scott's Alien: Covenant will feature Michael Fassbender but not another main character|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/prometheus-2-synopsis-reveals-ridley-scotts-alien-covenant-will-feature-michael-fassbender-but-not-a6737751.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=28 December 2015}}</ref>
In August 2009, Scott planned to direct an adaptation of [[Aldous Huxley]]'s ''[[Brave New World]]'' set in a [[dystopian]] London with [[Leonardo DiCaprio]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Brave move for DiCaprio and Scott|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8187942.stm|work=BBC News|date=5 January 2015}}</ref> In 2009, the TV series ''[[The Good Wife]]'' premiered with Ridley and his brother [[Tony Scott|Tony]] credited as executive producers.
===2010s: ''The Martian'', and ''All the Money in the World'' ===
On 6 July 2010, YouTube announced the launch of ''[[Life in a Day (YouTube)|Life in a Day]]'', an experimental documentary executive produced by Scott. Released at the [[Sundance Film Festival]] on 27 January 2011, it incorporates footage shot on 24 July 2010 submitted by YouTube users from around the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://youtube-global.blogspot.com/2010/07/life-in-day.html |title=Life in a Day |publisher=The Official YouTube Blog |date=6 July 2010 |access-date=7 July 2010}}</ref> As part of the buildup to the [[2012 London Olympics]], Scott produced ''[[Britain in a Day]]'', a documentary film consisting of footage shot by the British public on 12 November 2011.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15199776 "London 2012 Britain in a Day project launched"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117151940/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15199776 |date=17 November 2011 }}. BBC. Retrieved 9 January 2015</ref>
In 2012, Scott produced the commercial for [[Lady Gaga]]'s fragrance, "[[Lady Gaga Fame|Fame]]." It was touted as the first ever black Eau de Parfum, in the informal credits attached to the trailer for this advertisement. On 24 June 2013, Scott's series ''Crimes of the Century'' debuted on [[CNN]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2013/tv/news/cnns-newest-series-brings-filmmaker-ridley-scott-to-sundays-1200491234/ |title=CNN's Newest Series Brings Filmmaker Ridley Scott To Sundays |work=Variety |date=3 June 2013 |access-date=7 July 2010}}</ref> In November 2012 it was announced that Scott would produce the documentary, ''[[Springsteen & I]]'' directed by [[Baillie Walsh]] and inspired by ''Life in a Day'', which Scott also produced. The film featured fan footage from throughout the world on what musician [[Bruce Springsteen]] meant to them and how he impacted their lives.<ref name="Springsteen">{{cite news|title=Springsteen & I: fans tell their stories of The Boss|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/bruce-springsteen/10194440/Springsteen-and-I-fans-tell-their-stories-of-The-Boss.html|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=28 December 2015}}</ref> The film was released for one day only in 50 countries and on over 2000 film screens on 22 July 2013.<ref name="Springsteen"/>
Scott directed ''[[The Counselor]]'' (2013), with a screenplay by author [[Cormac McCarthy]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Fleming|first=Mike|title=Ridley Scott in Talks For Cormac McCarthy's 'The Counselor'|url=https://www.deadline.com/2012/01/ridley-scott-in-talks-for-cormac-mccarthys-the-counselor/|magazine=Deadline}}</ref><ref name="FirstImage">{{cite web|url=http://www.ineedmyfix.com/2012/08/01/first-looks-at-michael-fassbender-and-brad-pitt-filming-the-counselor |title=First Looks at Michael Fassbender and Brad Pitt Filming 'The Counselor' |publisher=INeedMyFix.com |date=1 August 2012 |access-date=2 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120803002437/https://www.ineedmyfix.com/2012/08/01/first-looks-at-michael-fassbender-and-brad-pitt-filming-the-counselor/ |archive-date= 3 August 2012}}</ref> On 25 October 2013, ''Indiewire'' reported that "Before McCarthy sold his first spec script for Scott's (''The Counselor'') film, the director was heavily involved in developing an adaptation of the author's 1985 novel ''[[Blood Meridian]]'' with screenwriter [[William Monahan|Bill Monahan]] (''[[The Departed]]''). But as Scott said in a ''Time Out'' interview, '[Studios] didn't want to make it. The book is so uncompromising, which is what's great about it.' Described as an 'anti-western'..."<ref>''Indiewire'', 25 October 2013.</ref> Scott directed the [[List of films based on the Bible|biblically-inspired]] [[epic film]] ''[[Exodus: Gods and Kings]]'', released in December 2014 which received negative reviews from critics (particularly for the casting of white actors as [[Middle Eastern peoples|Middle Eastern]] characters) and grossed $268 million on a $140 million budget making it as a [[Box-office bomb|box office disappointment]]. Filmed at [[Pinewood Studios]] in Buckinghamshire, the film starred [[Christian Bale]] in the lead role.<ref name="Houses"/>
[[File:NASA Journey to Mars and “The Martian" (201508180003HQ).jpg|thumb|right|Scott participates in a question and answer session about NASA's journey to Mars and his film ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]'', 18 August 2015]]
In May 2014, Scott began negotiations to direct ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]'', starring [[Matt Damon]] as Mark Watney.<ref name=holl>{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-direct-matt-damon-703887 |title=Ridley Scott in Talks to Direct Matt Damon in 'The Martian' (Exclusive) |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=13 May 2014 |access-date=14 May 2014}}</ref> Like many of Scott's previous works, ''The Martian'' features a heroine in the form of [[Jessica Chastain]]'s character who is the mission commander.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ridley Scott on 'The Martian,' His Groundbreaking '1984' Apple Commercial, and 'Prometheus 2'|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/09/26/ridley-scott-on-the-martian-his-groundbreaking-1984-apple-commercial-and-prometheus-2.html|website=Daily Beast|date=18 December 2016}}</ref> The film was originally scheduled for release on 25 November 2015, but Fox later switched its release date with that of [[Victor Frankenstein (film)|''Victor Frankenstein'']], and thus ''The Martian'' was released on 2 October 2015.<ref name=firstshow>{{cite news|last1=Anderton|first1=Ethan|title=Fox Shifts Release Dates for 'The Martian,' 'Miss Peregrine' & More|url=http://www.firstshowing.net/2014/fox-shifts-release-dates-for-the-martian-miss-peregrine-more/|access-date=2 August 2014|publisher=firstshowing.net|date=1 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Fox Switches 'The Martian' and 'Victor Frankenstein' Release Dates|url = https://deadline.com/2015/06/fox-switches-the-martian-and-victor-frankenstein-release-dates-1201441061/|access-date = 12 September 2015|first = Anita|last = Busch|date = 10 June 2015|website = Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> ''The Martian'' was a critical and commercial success, grossed over $630 million worldwide, becoming Scott's highest-grossing film to date.<ref name="Box office"/><ref>{{cite news | last=Driscoll | first=Molly | url=http://www.csmonitor.com/The-Culture/Culture-Cafe/2015/0914/Toronto-Film-Festival-The-Martian-Room-get-critics-talking-video | title=Toronto Film Festival: 'The Martian,' 'Room' get critics talking | work=[[The Christian Science Monitor]] | date=14 September 2015 | access-date=5 January 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last=Lang | first=Brent | url=https://variety.com/2015/film/news/the-martian-box-office-matt-damon-1201605217/ | title=Box Office: 'The Martian' to Blast Off With $45 Million | journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | date=29 September 2015 | access-date=5 January 2016 }}</ref>
A sequel to ''Prometheus'', ''[[Alien: Covenant]]'', started filming in 2016, premiered in London on 4 May 2017, and received general release on 19 May 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thewrap.com/prometheus-2-lands-green-lantern-writer-may-feature-multiple-michael-fassbenders-exclusive/|title='Prometheus 2' Lands 'Green Lantern' Writer; May Feature Multiple Michael Fassbenders (Exclusive)|website=TheWrap|date=24 March 2014|access-date=24 August 2014}}</ref> The film received generally positive reviews from critics, with many praising [[Michael Fassbender]]'s dual performance and calling the film a return to form for both director Ridley Scott and the franchise.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-alien-covenant-review-20170517-story.html|title=Ridley Scott's 'Alien: Covenant' is a sleek, suspenseful return to form|last=Chang|first=Justin|date=2017-05-17|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2017-05-19|issn=0458-3035}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tracking-board.com/alien-covenant-film-review-ridley-scott-returns-to-form-with-chest-bursting-thrills/|title="Alien: Covenant" Film Review: Ridley Scott Returns to Form With Chest-Bursting Thrills|date=2017-05-07 |publisher=The Tracking Board |access-date=2017-05-19}}</ref>
In August 2011, information leaked about production of a [[Blade Runner 2049|sequel]] to ''Blade Runner'' by [[Alcon Entertainment]], with Alcon partners [[Broderick Johnson]] and [[Andrew Kosove]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deadline.com/2011/08/ridley-scott-ready-to-direct-new-version-of-seminal-sci-fi-film-blade-runner/ |title=Ridley Scott To Direct New 'Blade Runner' Installment For Alcon Entertainment |publisher=Deadline New York |date=19 August 2011 |access-date=19 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140418103232/http://www.deadline.com/2011/08/ridley-scott-ready-to-direct-new-version-of-seminal-sci-fi-film-blade-runner/ |archive-date=18 April 2014}}</ref> Scott informed the ''Variety'' publication in November 2014 that he was no longer the director for the film and would only fulfill a producer's role. Scott also revealed that filming would begin sometime within 2015, and that [[Harrison Ford]] has signed on to reprise his role from the original film but his character should only appear in "the third act" of the sequel.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kastrenakes|first=Jacob|title=Ridley Scott won't direct 'Blade Runner' sequel|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/11/25/7286991/blade-runner-2-wont-be-directed-by-ridley-scott|website=The Verge|publisher=[[Vox Media, Inc]]|access-date=26 November 2014|date=25 November 2014}}</ref> On 26 February 2015, the sequel was officially confirmed, with [[Denis Villeneuve]] hired to direct the film, and Scott being an executive producer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ew.com/article/2016/07/15/blade-runner-sequel-concept-art/|title='Blade Runner' sequel concept art: See a first look|date=15 June 2016|website=EW.com|access-date=4 October 2017}}</ref> The sequel, ''[[Blade Runner 2049]]'', was released on 6 October 2017 to universal acclaim.<ref name="oculus">{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2016/10/blade-runner-2049-new-title-of-sequel-1201831969/|title='Blade Runner' Sequel Finally Has A Title, Will Offer VR Experiences For Film Through Oculus – Update|first=Anita|last=Busch|date=October 6, 2016|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|access-date=October 6, 2016}}</ref>
From May to August 2017, Scott filmed ''[[All the Money in the World]],'' a drama about the [[kidnapping of John Paul Getty III]], starring [[Mark Wahlberg]] and [[Michelle Williams (actress)|Michelle Williams]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fleming |first1=Mike Jr.|title=Ridley Scott To Next Helm Getty Kidnap Drama; Natalie Portman Courted|url=https://deadline.com/2017/03/ridley-scott-j-paul-getty-iii-kidnap-movie-natalie-portman-david-scarpa-john-paul-getty-1202042231/|access-date=13 March 2017|website=Deadline|date=13 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Fleming |first1=Mike Jr. |title=Michelle Williams, Kevin Spacey, Mark Wahlberg Circling Ridley Scott's Getty Kidnap Film |url=https://deadline.com/2017/03/michelle-williams-kevin-spacey-mark-wahlberg-ridley-scott-getty-kidnap-film-imperative-entertainment-sony-pictures-1202056971/|access-date=31 March 2017 |website=Deadline|date=31 March 2017}}</ref> [[Kevin Spacey]] originally portrayed Getty Sr. However, after multiple sexual assault allegations against the actor, Scott decided to replace him with [[Christopher Plummer]], saying "You can't condone that kind of behaviour in any shape or form. We cannot let one person's action affect the good work of all these other people. It's that simple."<ref name="Spacey"/> Scott began re-shooting Spacey's scenes with Plummer on 20 November, which included filming at [[Elveden Hall]] in west Suffolk, England.<ref name="Spacey"/> With a release date of 25 December 2017, the film studio had its doubts that Scott would manage it, saying: "They were like, 'You'll never do it. God be with you.'"<ref name="Spacey">{{cite news|title=Director Ridley Scott talks about replacing Kevin Spacey in new film|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-42168622|publisher=BBC|date=1 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=allthemoneyintheworld.htm|title=All the Money in the World (2017)|website= [[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=July 15, 2017}}</ref>
Scott's next project is ''[[The Last Duel (2021 film)|The Last Duel]]'', a film adaptation of [[Eric Jager]]'s 2004 book ''[[The Last Duel: A True Story of Trial by Combat in Medieval France]]'', starring [[Adam Driver]], [[Matt Damon]] and [[Jodie Comer]], due to be released on 15 October 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2020/07/mulan-avatar-star-wars-release-date-changes-disney-coroanvirus-1202993719/|title='Mulan' Off The Calendar; Disney Also Delays 'Avatar' & 'Star Wars' Movies By One Year As Studio Adjusts To Pandemic|website=Deadline Hollywood|first=Anthony|last=D'Alessandro|date=July 23, 2020|access-date=July 23, 2020}}</ref><ref>[https://www.francebleu.fr/amp/infos/culture-loisirs/dordogne-ridley-scott-cherche-des-doublures-pour-les-stars-de-son-prochain-film-1579014852 Recherche doublures pour Matt Damon, Adam Driver et Jodie Comer pour un tournage en Dordogne] {{in lang|fr}}</ref><ref>[https://figurants.com/figuration-cinema/figuration-long-metrage/casting-doublures-matt-damon-adam-driver-et-jodie-comer-pour-film-de-ridley-scott_i11180 #casting doublures Matt Damon, Adam Driver et Jodie Comer pour film de Ridley Scott]</ref><ref>[https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/culture-loisirs/discretion-de-mise-a-sarlat-autour-du-dernier-riddley-scott-1581627414 Discrétion de mise à Sarlat autour du dernier Ridley Scott] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> Filming locations included the French [[medieval]] castle of [[Berzé-le-Châtel]] (with a film crew of 300 people including 100 extras),<ref>{{cite web |title= Le JSL > "The Last Duel" by Damien VALETTE (23 January 2020) |url= https://www.lejsl.com/edition-macon/2020/01/23/the-last-duel-cinq-a-six-jours-de-tournage-au-chateau-de-berze |website= www.lejsl.com |language= fr }}</ref> and [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Extras Casting announced for Ridley Scott Epic Period Feature 'The Last Duel' {{!}} The Irish Film & Television Network |url= http://www.iftn.ie/news/?act1=record&only=1&aid=73&rid=4293245&tpl=archnews&force=1 |website= www.iftn.ie }}</ref> He is also set to direct ''[[Gucci (film)|Gucci]]'', a film about the murder of [[Maurizio Gucci]] orchestrated by [[Patrizia Reggiani]], who will be portrayed by Lady Gaga. The film is slated for a release in November 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/11/lady-gaga-ridley-scott-movie-maurizio-gucci-patrizia-reggiani-murder-gucci-family-giannina-scott-1202774518/|title=Lady Gaga, Ridley & Giannina Scott Team On Film About Assassination Of Gucci Grandson Maurizio; Gaga To Play Convicted Ex-Wife Patrizia Reggiani|last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr.|date=1 November 2019|website=Deadline Hollywood|access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref>
=== Future projects ===
{{see also|Ridley Scott's unrealised projects}}
In January 2016, Scott was in early negotiations to direct the film version of the 1967–1968 British TV series ''[[The Prisoner]]''.<ref>{{cite news|last=Fleming|first=Mike|title=Ridley Scott Captivated By 'The Prisoner', Film Version of Patrick McGoohan TV Series|url=https://deadline.com/2016/01/ridley-scott-the-prisoner-the-martian-patrick-mcgoohan-alien-covenant-1201678547/|access-date=9 January 2016|date=8 January 2016}}</ref> In May 2016, it was announced that Scott and [[Drew Goddard]] (who had worked together on ''The Martian'') would be reteaming to adapt the book ''[[S. Craig Zahler#Novels|Wraiths of the Broken Land]]'' by [[S. Craig Zahler]]. It is described as a piece of fiction that combines elements of "horror, noir, and Asian ultra-violence."<ref>[https://collider.com/ridley-scott-drew-goddard-wraiths-of-the-broken-land/ "Ridley Scott Reteaming with Drew Goddard for Western ‘Wraiths of the Broken Land’ "]. Collider. Retrieved 10 May 2016</ref> In April 2017, 20th Century Fox lined up Scott to direct a film about the [[Battle of Britain]] from WWII, where the [[Royal Air Force]] defended the country from German [[Luftwaffe]] attacks, which is described as a "passion project" for the director.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott to direct Battle of Britain 'passion project' movie |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/apr/04/ridley-scott-to-direct-battle-of-britain-passion-project-movie|newspaper=The Guardian|date=5 April 2017}}</ref> In January 2018, it was reported that Scott is in talks to direct a [[Disney]] film adaptation of ''[[T. A. Barron#The Merlin Saga|The Merlin Saga]]'', which is based on a 12-book series written by [[T. A. Barron]], with a screenplay from [[Philippa Boyens]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-talks-direct-a-merlin-movie-disney-1071717?facebook_20180104|title=Ridley Scott in Talks to Direct a 'Merlin' Movie for Disney|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|first=Mia|last=Galuppo|date=4 January 2018 |access-date=5 January 2018}}</ref> That same month, Scott stated that he has "another [story] ready to evolve and be developed, [that] there is certainly one to be done for sure", referring to a third ''Blade Runner'' film.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/blade-runner/news/a846834/ridley-scott-has-plans-another-blade-runner-sequel/ |title=Exclusive: Ridley Scott has plans for another Blade Runner sequel: "I've got another one ready to evolve" |last=Davies |first=Megan |date=January 6, 2018 |website=[[Digital Spy]] |access-date=March 28, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180202102532/http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/blade-runner/news/a846834/ridley-scott-has-plans-another-blade-runner-sequel/ |archive-date= February 2, 2018 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> In March 2018, it was reported that Scott is in talks to adapt [[Greg Rucka]]'s graphic novel ''[[Queen & Country]]'' for 20th Century Fox.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott in Talks to Direct 'Queen & Country' for Fox|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-direct-queen-country-movie-1094869|access-date=15 March 2018|newspaper=Hollywood Reporter|date=15 March 2018}}</ref>
==Television projects==
Ridley Scott and his brother Tony produced [[CBS]] series ''[[Numb3rs]]'' (2005–10), a crime drama about a genius mathematician who helps the [[FBI]] solve crimes; and ''[[The Good Wife]]'' (2009–2016), a legal drama about an attorney balancing her job with her husband, a former state attorney trying to rebuild his political career after a major scandal. The two Scotts also produced a 2010 [[The A-Team (film)|film adaptation]] of 1980s television show ''[[The A-Team]]'', directed by [[Joe Carnahan]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7856758.stm | title = Ridley Scott to remake The A-Team | work = [[BBC News Online]] | date = 28 January 2009 | access-date = 13 January 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine | date = 27 January 2009 | title = Fox assembles 'A-Team' | url = https://www.variety.com/VR1117999155.html | magazine = Variety | access-date = 13 January 2015 | first = Michael | last = Fleming | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090305090626/http://www.variety.com/VR1117999155.html | archive-date = 5 March 2009 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
Ridley Scott was an executive producer of the first season of Amazon's ''[[The Man in the High Castle (TV series)|The Man in the High Castle]]'' (2015–16).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/The-Man-In-High-Castle/dp/B00RSGIVVO|title=Watch The Man in the High Castle Season 1 Episode – Amazon Video|website= Amazon.com|access-date=25 March 2016}}</ref> Through [[Scott Free Productions]], he is an executive producer on the dark comic science-fiction series ''[[BrainDead (TV series)|BrainDead]]'' which debuted on CBS in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=BrainDead|url=http://www.backstage.com/resources/detail/productionlisting/braindead-85375/|website=Backstage|access-date=18 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ridley Scott|url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/ridley-scott-57300822/|website=Hollywood.com|access-date=18 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Lloyd|first1=Robert|title='The Good Wife's' creators are back with the imperfect but fun 'Braindead' mixing D.C politics ... and bugs from space.|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-braindead-review-20160609-snap-story.html|access-date=18 August 2016|publisher=Los Angeles Times.|date=13 June 2016}}</ref>
On 20 November 2017, Amazon agreed a deal with AMC Studios for a worldwide release of ''[[The Terror (TV series)|The Terror]]'', Scott's series adaptation of [[The Terror (novel)|Dan Simmons' novel]], a speculative retelling of British explorer Sir [[John Franklin]]'s [[Franklin's lost expedition|lost expedition]] of [[HMS Erebus (1826)|HMS ''Erebus'']] and [[HMS Terror (1813)|HMS ''Terror'']] to the [[Arctic]] in 1845–1848 to force the [[Northwest Passage]], with elements of horror and supernatural fiction), and the series premiered in March 2018.<ref>{{cite web|last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |url=https://deadline.com/2016/03/the-terror-anthology-series-scott-free-1201712908/ |title=AMC Orders 'The Terror' Anthology Drama Series From Scott Free |website=Deadline |date=March 2, 2016 |access-date=September 13, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |url=https://deadline.com/2013/02/amc-developing-terror-drama-produced-by-scott-free-tv-360-alexandra-milchan-429627/ |title=AMC Developing 'Terror' Drama Produced By Scott Free, TV 360 & Alexandra Milchan |website=Deadline |date=February 13, 2013 |access-date=September 13, 2016}}</ref> Scott was an executive producer for the 2019 [[BBC]]/[[FX (TV channel)|FX]] three-part miniseries ''[[A Christmas Carol (miniseries)|A Christmas Carol]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2017/11/steven-knight-a-christmas-carol-dickens-adaptations-bbc-ridley-scott-tom-hardy-1202215436/|title=Steven Knight To Adapt Charles Dickens Novels For BBC One; Ridley Scott, Tom Hardy Exec Producing|first1=Nancy|last1=Tartaglione|work=Deadline|date=28 November 2017|access-date=4 November 2019}}</ref>
Scott's first television directing role in 50 years, ''[[Raised by Wolves (American TV series)|Raised by Wolves]]'', was released on [[HBO Max]] in 2020.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://pressroom.warnermediagroup.com/ca/media-release/hbo-max/ridley-scotts-raised-wolves-coming-hbo-max |title=Ridley Scott's Raised by Wolves Coming to HBO Max |date=October 29, 2019}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Vineyard|first=Jennifer|date=2020-10-01|title='Raised by Wolves': Ridley Scott Explains That Monstrous Finale|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/01/arts/television/raised-by-wolves-finale-ridley-scott.html|access-date=11 October 2020|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Scott said his “tendency was to think, ‘I don’t want to go down that road of androids again'”, but decided to take on the project after he read the script and liked it.<ref name=":0" /> The show revolves around androids Mother and Father, who attempt to save human kind on planet Kepler-22b after earth is demolished by war between the Mithraic, who follow a god called Sol, and militant atheists.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kiesling|first=Lydia|title=The Aspirational Android Parenting of "Raised by Wolves"|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/the-aspirational-android-parenting-of-raised-by-wolves|access-date=11 October 2020|website=The New Yorker|language=en-us}}</ref>
==Personal life==
[[File:%27The_Martian%27_World_Premiere_(NHQ201509110014).jpg|thumb|right|Scott with his partner Giannina Facio at the world premiere of ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]'' held at the [[Toronto International Film Festival]] on 11 September 2015]]
Ridley Scott was married to Felicity Heywood from 1964 to 1975. The couple had two sons, [[Jake Scott (director)|Jake]] and [[Luke Scott (director)|Luke]],<ref>[https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/a-reel-life-jordan-scott-6801670.html "A Reel Life: Jordan Scott"] (19 November 2009). ''[[Evening Standard]]''. Retrieved 23 December 2020.</ref> both of whom work as directors in Scott's production company, Ridley Scott Associates. Scott later married advertising executive Sandy Watson in 1979, with whom he had a daughter, [[Jordan Scott]], and divorced in 1989.<ref>"Ridley Scott: Interviews". p. xviii. University Press of Mississippi, 2005</ref> His current partner is actress [[Giannina Facio]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mottram |first1=James |title=Ridley Scott: 'I'm doing pretty good, if you think about it' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/ridley-scott-im-doing-pretty-good-if-you-think-about-it-2068888.html |access-date=25 July 2018 |work=The Independent |date=3 September 2010}}</ref> whom he has cast in all his films since ''[[White Squall (film)|White Squall]]'' except ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]'' and ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2616075.stm "Sir Ridley Scott: Hollywood visionary"]. BBC. Retrieved 8 December 2012.</ref> He divides his time between homes in London, France, and Los Angeles.<ref name="Houses">{{cite news|title=Ridley Scott on the future of Prometheus|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/10405944/Ridley-Scott-on-the-future-of-Prometheus.html|newspaper=The Telegraph (UK)|date=14 January 2015}}</ref>
His eldest brother Frank died, aged 45, of skin cancer in 1980.<ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/hollywood-pays-tribute-to-top-gun-director-tony-scott-following-suicide-leap-8062363.html | title= Hollywood pays tribute to Top Gun director Tony Scott following suicide leap | first1= Tom | last1= Harper |first2= Louise | last2= Jury | date= 20 August 2012 | newspaper= [[London Evening Standard]] | access-date= 5 September 2012 }}</ref> His younger brother [[Tony Scott|Tony]], who was also his business partner in their company [[Scott Free Productions|Scott Free]], died on 19 August 2012 at the age of 68 after jumping from the [[Vincent Thomas Bridge]] which spans Los Angeles Harbour, after an originally disputed long struggle with cancer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/11261672/Ridley-Scott-breaks-silence-on-brother-Tony-Scotts-death.html|title=Ridley Scott breaks silence on brother Tony Scott's death|date=28 November 2014|access-date=September 3, 2017}}</ref> Before Tony's death, he and Ridley collaborated on a [[Coma (U.S. miniseries)|miniseries]] based on [[Robin Cook (novelist)|Robin Cook]]'s novel ''[[Coma (novel)|Coma]]'' for [[A&E (TV channel)|A&E]]. The two-part miniseries premiered on A&E on 3 September 2012, to mixed reviews.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/tv/coma|title=Coma – Reviews, Ratings, Credits and More|date=31 August 2012|website=[[Metacritic]]|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref>
Ridley has dedicated several of his films in memory of his family: ''[[Blade Runner]]'' to his brother Frank, ''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]'' to his mother, and ''[[The Counselor]]'' and ''[[Exodus: Gods and Kings]]'' to his brother Tony.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tony Scott's Spirit Possesses Ridley Scott's The Counselor|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/balder-and-dash/double-vision-tony-scott-ridley-scott-and-the-counselor|publisher=Roger Ebert|date=4 January 2015}}</ref> Ridley also paid tribute to his late brother Tony at the 2016 [[Golden Globe Award|Golden Globes]], after his film, ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]'', won Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy.<ref>{{cite news|title=Golden Globes 2016 ceremony – in pictures|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/gallery/2016/jan/11/golden-globes-2016-ceremony-in-pictures-gervais-gibson-leonardo-dicaprio-winslet|newspaper=The Guardian|date=30 January 2016}}</ref>
In 2013, Ridley stated that he is an [[atheist]].<ref>{{cite news | last = Sternbergh | first = Adam | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/27/magazine/ridley-scott-most-novelists-are-desperate-to-do-what-i-do.html?smid=tw-nytimes&_r=1& | title = Ridley Scott: 'Most Novelists Are Desperate to Do What I Do' | date = 25 October 2013 | access-date = 26 October 2013 | work = The New York Times }}</ref> Although when asked by the [[BBC]] in a September 2014 interview if he believes in God, Scott replied:
{{blockquote|text=I'm not sure. I think there's all kinds of questions raised... that's such an exotic question. If we looked at the whole thing practically speaking, the big bang occurred and then we go through this evolution of millions, billions of years where, by coincidence, all the right biological accidents came out the right way. To an extent, that doesn't make sense unless there was a controlling decider or mediator in all of that. So who was that? Or what was that? Are we one big grand experiment in the basic overall blink of the universe, or the galaxy? In which case, who is behind it? Maybe we're an experiment which can last a billion years, but which is a blink in their terms and they can then say: 'Right, that didn't work, let's blow them up!'<ref>{{cite news|last1=Carnevale|first1=Rob|title=Calling the Shots No.41: Ridley Scott|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/films/callingtheshots/ridley_scott.shtml|access-date=July 22, 2017|agency=[[BBC]]|date=September 24, 2014}}</ref>}}
==Approach and style==
Appearing in the lead role in Scott's ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]'' and ''[[Robin Hood (2010 film)|Robin Hood]]'', [[Russell Crowe]] commented, "I like being on Ridley's set because actors can perform [...] and the focus is on the performers."<ref name="gangster">''American Gangster'' DVD, ''Fallen Empire: The Making of American Gangster'' documentary</ref> Paul M. Sammon, in his book ''Future Noir: The Making of [[Blade Runner]]'', commented in an interview with Brmovie.com that Scott's relationship with his actors has improved considerably over the years.<ref>{{cite web|first=David |last=Caldwell |url=http://www.brmovie.com/Articles/Sammon_Interview_11.htm |title=Paul M. Sammon interview |publisher=BRmovie.com |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> More recently during the filming of Scott's 2012 film, ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'', [[Charlize Theron]] praised the director's willingness to listen to suggestions from the cast for improvements in the way their characters are portrayed on screen. Theron worked alongside the writers and Scott to give more depth to her character during filming.<ref name="Prometheus_Theron">{{cite news | url=http://movies.inquirer.net/3843/%E2%80%9Cprometheus%E2%80%9D-crew-on-a-mission-collision | title="Prometheus" Crew: On A Mission Collision | work=Philippine Daily Inquirer | date=29 April 2012 | access-date=7 May 2012 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516075620/http://movies.inquirer.net/3843/%E2%80%9Cprometheus%E2%80%9D-crew-on-a-mission-collision | archive-date=16 May 2012 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> When working on epics, Scott states, "there’s always the danger that the characters can get swamped" on a large canvas, before adding, "My model is [[David Lean]], whose characters never got lost in the proscenium."<ref>[https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/ridley-scotts-brilliant-first-film Ridley Scott's Brilliant First Film]. ''New Yorker'' (28 May 2012). Retrieved 15 June 2020</ref>
Scott's work is identified for its striking visuals, with [[Girl Power in popular culture#Female action heroes and science fiction|heroines]] also a common theme.<ref name="Britannica"/><ref name="Heroines"/><ref name="Female heroes"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800015105/bio |title=Yahoo! Movies: Ridley Scott |publisher=Yahoo! |date=30 November 1937 |access-date=6 March 2010}}</ref> His visual style, incorporating a detailed approach to production design and innovative, atmospheric lighting, has been influential on a subsequent generation of filmmakers.<ref name="Britannica"/><ref name="Visual style"/> Scott commonly uses slow pacing until the action sequences. Examples include ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' and ''Blade Runner''; the ''LA Times'' critic Sheila Benson, for example, would call the latter "Blade Crawler" "because it's so damn slow". Another technique he employs is use of sound or music to build tension, as heard in ''Alien'', with hissing steam, beeping computers and the noise of the machinery in the space ship. Scott claims to have an [[eidetic memory]], which he says aids him in visualising and storyboarding the scenes in his films.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://herocomplex.latimes.com/movies/ridley-scott-magic-comes-over-the-horizon-every-day/ |title=Ridley Scott: 'Magic comes over the horizon every day' | Hero Complex – movies, comics, pop culture|work=Los Angeles Times |date=26 April 2012 |access-date=24 August 2014}}</ref>
Scott has developed a method for filming intricate shots as swiftly as possible: "I like working, always, with a minimum of three cameras. [...] So those 50 set-ups [a day] might only be 25 set-ups except I'm covering in the set-up. So you're finished. I mean, if you take a little bit more time to prep on three cameras, or if it's a big stunt, eleven cameras, and – whilst it may take 45 minutes to set up – then when you're ready you say 'Action!', and you do three takes, two takes and is everybody happy? You say, 'Yeah, that's it.' So you move on."<ref name="gangster"/>
[[Artificial intelligence]] is a unifying theme throughout Scott's career as a director, particularly in ''[[Blade Runner]]'', ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'', and ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]''.<ref>''The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott'', p. 121-142, Lexington Books, 2013.</ref> The recent book ''The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott'' identifies [[Alan Turing]] and [[John Searle]], a professor at the University of California, as presenting relevant models of testing artificial intelligence known as the [[Turing test]] and the [[Chinese Room]] Thought Experiment, respectively, in the chapter titled "What's Wrong with Building Replicants," which has been a recurring theme for many of Scott's films.<ref>''The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott'', p. 136-142, Lexington Books, 2013.</ref> The chapter titled "Artificial Intelligence in ''Blade Runner'', ''Alien'', and ''Prometheus''," concludes by citing the writings of [[John Stuart Mill]] in the context of Scott's Nexus-6 Replicants in ''Blade Runner'' (Rutger Hauer), the android [[Ash (Alien)|Ash]] (Ian Holm) in ''Alien'', and the android [[David 8]] (Michael Fassbender) in ''Prometheus'', where Mill is applied to assert that measures and tests of intelligence must also assess actions and moral behaviour in androids to effectively address the themes which Scott explores in these films.<ref>''The Culture and Philosophy of Ridley Scott'', p. 140-142, Lexington Books, 2013.</ref>
==DVD format and director's cut==
[[File:Prince Charles Theatre showing Blade Runner.JPG|thumb|right|''Blade Runner: The Final Cut'' at [[Prince Charles Cinema]], London in 2015]]
Scott is known for his enthusiasm for the DVD format, providing [[Audio commentary (DVD)|audio commentaries]] and interviews for all his films where possible. In the July 2006 issue of ''[[Total Film]]'' magazine, he stated: "After all the work we go through, to have it run in the cinema and then disappear forever is a great pity. To give the film added life is really cool for both those who missed it and those who really loved it."<ref name="totalfilm"/>
Running alongside his enthusiasm for DVD, Scott is known for his use of the [[director's cut]].<ref name="Kingdom"/> The positive reaction to the ''Blade Runner'' Director's Cut encouraged Scott to re-cut several movies that were a disappointment at the time of their release (including ''Legend'' and ''Kingdom of Heaven''), which have been met with great acclaim.<ref name="Kingdom"/> Today the practice of alternative cuts is more commonplace, though often as a way to make a film stand out in the DVD marketplace by adding new material.
==Accolades==
[[File:Ridley Scott at the RCA July 2015.jpg|thumb|Sir Ridley Scott, Honorary Doctor, at the [[Royal College of Art]], July 2015]]
Scott was appointed [[Knight Bachelor]] in the [[2003 New Year Honours]] for services to the British film industry.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=56797 |date=31 December 2002 |page=1 |supp=y}}</ref> He received his accolade from [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]] at an investiture ceremony at [[Buckingham Palace]] on 8 July 2003.<ref name="knighted"/> Scott admitted feeling "stunned and truly humbled" after the ceremony, saying, "As a boy growing up in [[South Shields]], I could never have imagined that I would receive such a special recognition. I am truly humbled to receive this treasured award and believe it also further recognises the excellence of the British film industry."<ref>{{cite news |title=Queen knights Gladiator director |work=BBC News |date=8 July 2003 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3054254.stm |access-date=2017-08-07}}</ref>
He has been nominated for three [[Academy Award for Directing|Academy Awards for Directing]]—''Thelma & Louise'', ''Gladiator'' and ''Black Hawk Down''—as well as a Golden Globe, BAFTA and 2 [[Primetime Emmy Award]]s. In 1995, Ridley and his brother [[Tony Scott|Tony]] received the [[BAFTA Award|BAFTA]] for [[BAFTA Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award|Outstanding British Contribution To Cinema]].<ref name="Outstanding contribution"/> In 2018 he received the highest accolade from BAFTA, the [[BAFTA Fellowship]], for lifetime achievement.<ref name="BAFTA Felowship"/>
Scott was inducted into the [[EMP Museum#Science Fiction Hall of Fame|Science Fiction Hall of Fame]] in 2007.<ref name=hof2007>{{cite web |url=http://www.empsfm.org/press/index.asparticleID=892 |title=Science Fiction Hall of Fame to Induct Ed Emshwiller, Gene Roddenberry, Ridley Scott and Gene Wolfe |access-date=26 April 2015 }}{{dead link|date=January 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. Press release March/April/May 2007. Experience Music Project and Science Fiction Museum and Hall of Fame (''empsfm.org''). Archived 14 October 2007. Retrieved 19 March 2013</ref> In 2017 the German newspaper ''[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung|FAZ]]'' compared Scott's influence on the science fiction film genre to Sir [[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s on [[Thriller film|thrillers]] and [[John Ford]]'s on [[Western (genre)|Westerns]].<ref>{{cite news|title=RIDLEY SCOTT ZUM ACHTZIGSTEN :Der selbstleuchtende Sehnerv|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/kino/ridley-scott-zum-achtzigsten-des-science-fiction-regisseurs-15316487.html|publisher=Frankfurter Allgemeine - FAZ.net|date=30 November 2017}}</ref> In 2011, he received a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment_and_arts/10348091.stm "Hollywood stars for Simon Fuller and Sir Ridley Scott"]. ''[[BBC News]]''. Retrieved 20 June 2010.</ref>
In 2012, Scott was among the [[List of cultural icons of England|British cultural icons]] selected by artist Sir [[Peter Blake (artist)|Peter Blake]] to appear in a new version of his most famous artwork, the Beatles' ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]'' album cover, to celebrate the British cultural figures of his life that he most admires to mark his 80th birthday.<ref>{{cite news|title=New faces on Sgt Pepper album cover for artist Peter Blake's 80th birthday |url= https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/apr/02/peter-blake-sgt-pepper-cover-revisited |agency=The Guardian|date=5 October 2016}}</ref> On 3 July 2015, he was awarded an honorary doctorate by the [[Royal College of Art]] in a ceremony at the [[Royal Albert Hall]] in London at which he described how he still keeps on his office wall his school report placing him 31st out of 31 in his class, and how his teacher encouraged him to pursue what became his passion at art school.<ref name="RCA">{{cite web|title=RCA Convocation 2015 |url=http://www.rca.ac.uk/news-and-events/convocation2015/|publisher=RCA [view from 13:55 and 31:45]|access-date=13 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Honorary Doctors |url=http://www.rca.ac.uk/more/our-history/college-honours/honorary-doctors/ |publisher=RCA |access-date=13 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315030921/http://www.rca.ac.uk/more/our-history/college-honours/honorary-doctors/ |archive-date=15 March 2015}}</ref>
'''[[Academy Awards]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 1992
| rowspan=3| [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| ''[[Thelma & Louise]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2001
| ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2016
| [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]
| ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[American Film Institute]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| rowspan=2|2002
| Director of the Year
| rowspan=2|''Black Hawk Down''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| Movie of the Year
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[BAFTA Awards]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 1992
| rowspan=3|[[BAFTA Award for Best Direction|Best Director]]
| ''Thelma & Louise''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2001
| ''Gladiator''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2016
| ''The Martian''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 1992
| rowspan=2|[[BAFTA Award for Best Film|Best Film]]
| ''Thelma & Louise''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2008
| ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 1995
| [[BAFTA Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award|Outstanding British Contribution To Cinema]]
|
| {{Won}}
|-
| 2018
| [[BAFTA Fellowship]]
|
| {{Won}}
|-
|}
'''[[Cannes Film Festival]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| rowspan=2|1977
| Best Debut Film Award
| rowspan=2|''[[The Duellists]]''
| {{Won}}
|-
| Palme d'Or
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[Directors Guild of America]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
|1992
| rowspan=4|[[Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film|Best Director – Motion Picture]]
| ''Thelma & Louise''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2001
| ''Gladiator''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2002
| ''Black Hawk Down''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2016
| ''The Martian''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2017
| [[Directors Guild of America Award#Lifetime Achievement Award|Lifetime Achievement Award]]
|
| {{Won}}
|-
|}
'''[[Primetime Emmy Award]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 2000
| rowspan=2|[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Made for Television Movie|Outstanding Made for Television Movie]]
|''[[RKO 281]]''
|{{Nom}}
|-
| 2002
|''[[The Gathering Storm (2002 film)|The Gathering Storm]]''
|{{Won}}
|-
| 2008
| [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Miniseries|Outstanding Miniseries]]
| ''[[The Andromeda Strain (miniseries)|The Andromeda Strain]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2009
| Outstanding Made for Television Movie
| ''[[Into the Storm (2009 film)|Into the Storm]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2010
| rowspan=2|[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series|Outstanding Drama Series]]
| rowspan=2|''[[The Good Wife]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=3|2011
| {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Miniseries or Movie|Outstanding Miniseries or Movie]]
| ''[[The Pillars of the Earth (miniseries)|The Pillars of the Earth]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| Outstanding Nonfiction Special
|''[[Gettysburg (2011 film)|Gettysburg]]''
|{{Won}}
|-
| 2014
| rowspan=2|[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie|Outstanding Television Movie]]
| ''[[Killing Kennedy (film)|Killing Kennedy]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2015
| ''[[Killing Jesus (miniseries)|Killing Jesus]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[Golden Globe Awards]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 2001
| rowspan=3| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| ''Gladiator''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2008
| ''American Gangster''
| {{Nom}}
|-
|rowspan=2| 2016
|rowspan=2| ''The Martian''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy|Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy]]
| {{Won}}
|-
| 2018
| Best Director
| ''[[All the Money in the World]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[National Board of Review]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 2015
| [[National Board of Review Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| ''The Martian''
|{{Won}}
|-
|}
'''[[Saturn Awards]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 1980
|rowspan=3| [[Saturn Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]''
| {{Won}}
|-
| 1983
| ''[[Blade Runner]]''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2001
| ''Gladiator''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2004
|[[The George Pal Memorial Award]]
|
|{{Won}}
|-
| 2016
| Best Director
| ''The Martian''
| {{Won}}
|-
|}
'''[[Satellite Awards]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 2001
| rowspan=2|Best Director
| ''Gladiator''
| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2016
| ''The Martian''
| {{Nom}}
|-
|}
'''[[Visual Effects Society]]'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
| 2016
| Lifetime Achievement Award
|
|{{Won}}
|}
==Awards received by Scott movies==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Year
! rowspan="2" | Film
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| Academy Awards
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| BAFTA Awards
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| Golden Globe Awards
|-
! Nominations
! Wins
! Nominations
! Wins
! Nominations
! Wins
|-
|1977
|''[[The Duellists]]''
|
|
|align=center|2
|
|
|
|-
|1979
|''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]''
|align=center|2
|align=center|1
|align=center|7
|align=center|2
|align=center|1
|
|-
|1982
|''[[Blade Runner]]''
|align=center|2
|
|align=center|8
|align=center|3
|align=center|1
|
|-
|1985
|''[[Legend (1985 film)|Legend]]''
|align=center|1
|
|align=center|3
|
|
|
|-
|1989
|''[[Black Rain (1989 American film)|Black Rain]]''
|align=center|2
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|1991
|''[[Thelma & Louise]]''
|align=center|6
|align=center|1
|align=center|8
|
|align=center|4
|align=center|1
|-
|1992
|''[[1492: Conquest of Paradise]]''
|
|
|
|
|align=center|1
|
|-
|2000
|''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
|align=center|12
|align=center|5
|align=center|14
|align=center|4
|align=center|5
|align=center|2
|-
|2001
|''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]''
|align=center|4
|align=center|2
|align=center|3
|
|
|
|-
|2007
|''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]''
|align=center|2
|
|align=center|5
|
|align=center|3
|
|-
|2012
|''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]''
|align=center|1
|
|align=center|1
|
|
|
|-
|2015
|''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''
|align=center|7
|
|align=center|6
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|2
|-
|2017
|''[[All the Money in the World]]''
|align=center|1
|
|align=center|1
|
|align=center|3
|
|-
!colspan="2"|'''Total'''
!align=center|40
!align=center|9
!align=center|58
!align=center|9
!align=center|22
!align=center|5
|}
===Directed Academy Award performances===
Scott has directed multiple Oscar nominated performances resulting in one win.
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Performer
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Film
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Result
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center;"|'''[[Academy Award for Best Actor]]'''
|-
| [[73rd Academy Awards|2000]]
| [[Russell Crowe]]
| ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
| {{won}}
|-
| [[88th Academy Awards|2015]]
| [[Matt Damon]]
| ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;"|'''[[Academy Award for Best Actress]]'''
|-
|rowspan=2| [[64th Academy Awards|1991]]
| [[Geena Davis]]
|rowspan=2| ''[[Thelma and Louise]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Susan Sarandon]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;"|'''[[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor]]'''
|-
| [[73rd Academy Awards|2000]]
| [[Joaquin Phoenix]]
| ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[90th Academy Awards|2017]]
| [[Christopher Plummer]]
| ''[[All the Money in the World]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;"|'''[[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]]'''
|-
| [[80th Academy Awards|2007]]
| [[Ruby Dee]]
| ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]''
| {{nom}}
|}
==Filmography==
{{main|Ridley Scott filmography}}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Directed features
|-
! Year
! Title
! Distributor
|-
| 1977
| ''[[The Duellists]]''
| [[Paramount Pictures]]
|-
| 1979
| ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]''
| [[20th Century Fox]]
|-
| 1982
| ''[[Blade Runner]]''
| [[Warner Bros.]]
|-
| 1985
| ''[[Legend (1985 film)|Legend]]''
| [[Universal Pictures]] / 20th Century Fox
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Someone to Watch Over Me (film)|Someone to Watch Over Me]]''
| [[Columbia Pictures]]
|-
| 1989
| ''[[Black Rain (1989 American film)|Black Rain]]''
| Paramount Pictures
|-
| 1991
| ''[[Thelma & Louise]]''
| [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]
|-
| 1992
| ''[[1492: Conquest of Paradise]]''
| Paramount Pictures
|-
| 1996
| ''[[White Squall (film)|White Squall]]''
|rowspan=2| [[Walt Disney Pictures|Buena Vista Distribution]]
|-
| 1997
| ''[[G.I. Jane]]''
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
| [[DreamWorks Pictures]] / Universal Pictures
|-
|rowspan=2| 2001
| ''[[Hannibal (2001 film)|Hannibal]]''
| Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer / Universal Pictures
|-
| ''[[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]]''
| [[Sony Pictures Releasing]]
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Matchstick Men]]''
| Warner Bros. Pictures
|-
| 2005
| ''[[Kingdom of Heaven (film)|Kingdom of Heaven]]''
|rowspan=2| 20th Century Fox
|-
| 2006
| ''[[A Good Year]]''
|-
| 2007
| ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]''
| Universal Pictures
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Body of Lies (film)|Body of Lies]]''
| Warner Bros. Pictures
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Robin Hood (2010 film)|Robin Hood]]''
| Universal Pictures
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]''
|rowspan=5|20th Century Fox
|-
| 2013
| ''[[The Counselor]]''
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Exodus: Gods and Kings]]''
|-
| 2015
| ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''
|-
|rowspan=2| 2017
| ''[[Alien: Covenant]]''
|-
| ''[[All the Money in the World]]''
| Sony Pictures Releasing / [[STX Entertainment]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2021
| ''[[The Last Duel (2021 film)|The Last Duel]]''
| [[20th Century Studios]]
|-
| ''[[House of Gucci]]''
| [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]
|}
==Box office performance==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! United States gross<ref name="Box office">{{cite web | url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?view=Director&id=ridleyscott.htm | title=Ridley Scott Movie Box Office| work=boxofficemojo.com | access-date=13 October 2015}}</ref>
! Worldwide gross<ref name="Box office"/>
! Theatres<ref name="Box office"/>
! Opening weekend<ref name="Box office"/>
! Opening theatres
! Budget
|-
| 1977
| ''The Duellists''
|
|
|
|
|
| $900,000
|-
| 1979
| ''Alien''
| $80,931,801
| $104,931,801
| 757
| $3,527,881
| 91
| $11,000,000
|-
| 1982
| ''Blade Runner''
| $32,768,670
| $33,139,618
| 1,325
| $6,150,002
| 1,295
| $28,000,000
|-
| 1985
| ''Legend''
| $15,502,112
| $23,506,237
| 1,187
| $4,261,154
| 1,187
| $24,500,000
|-
| 1987
| ''Someone to Watch Over Me''
| $10,278,549
| $10,278,549
| 894
| $2,908,796
| 892
| $17,000,000
|-
| 1989
| ''Black Rain''
| $46,212,055
| $134,212,055
| 1,760
| $9,677,102
| 1,610
| $30,000,000
|-
| 1991
| ''Thelma & Louise''
| $45,360,915
| –
| 1,180
| $6,101,297
| 1,179
| $16,500,000
|-
| 1992
| ''1492: Conquest of Paradise''
| $7,191,399
| $59,000,000
| 1,008
| $3,002,680
| 1,008
| $47,000,000
|-
| 1996
| ''White Squall''
| $10,292,300
| $10,292,300
| 1,524
| $3,908,514
| 1,524
| $38,000,000
|-
| 1997
| ''G.I. Jane''
| $48,169,156
| $97,169,156
| 2,043
| $11,094,241
| 1,945
| $50,000,000
|-
| 2000
| ''Gladiator''
| $187,705,427
| $457,640,427
| 3,188
| $34,819,017
| 2,938
| $103,000,000
|-
|rowspan=2| 2001
| ''Hannibal''
| $165,092,268
| $351,692,268
| 3,292
| $58,003,121
| 3,230
| $87,000,000
|-
| ''Black Hawk Down''
| $108,638,745
| $172,989,651
| 3,143
| $179,823
| 4
| $92,000,000
|-
| 2003
| ''Matchstick Men''
| $36,906,460
| $65,565,672
| 2,711
| $13,087,307
| 2,711
| $65,000,000
|-
| 2005
| ''Kingdom of Heaven''
| $47,398,413
| $211,652,051
| 3,219
| $19,635,996
| 3,216
| $130,000,000
|-
| 2006
| ''A Good Year''
| $7,459,300
| $42,056,466
| 2,067
| $3,721,526
| 2,066
| $35,000,000
|-
| 2007
| ''American Gangster''
| $130,164,645
| $265,697,825
| 3,110
| $43,565,115
| 3,054
| $100,000,000
|-
| 2008
| ''Body of Lies''
| $39,394,666
| $115,321,950
| 2,714
| $12,884,416
| 2,710
| $70,000,000
|-
| 2010
| ''Robin Hood''
| $105,269,730
| $321,669,730
| 3,505
| $36,063,385
| 3,503
| $200,000,000
|-
| 2012
| ''Prometheus''
| $126,477,084
| $403,354,469
| 3,442
| $51,050,101
| 3,396
| $130,000,000
|-
| 2013
| ''The Counselor''
| $16,973,715
| $70,237,649
| 3,044
| $7,842,930
| 3,044
| $25,000,000
|-
| 2014
| ''Exodus: Gods and Kings''
| $65,014,513
| $268,031,828
| 3,503
| $24,115,934
| 3,503
| $200,000,000
|-
| 2015
| ''The Martian''
| $228,433,663
| $630,161,890
| 3,854
| $54,308,575
| 3,831
| $108,000,000
|-
|rowspan=2| 2017
| ''Alien: Covenant''
| $74,262,031
| $240,745,764
| 3,772
| $36,160,621
| 3,761
| $97,000,000
|-
| ''All the Money in the World''
| $25,113,707
| $56,996,304
| 2,123
| $5,584,684
| 2,074
| $50,000,000
|-
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{commons}}
{{Portal|Film |Speculative fiction |England }}
* {{sfhof|952|Ridley Scott}}
* {{IMDb name|631}}
* {{IMDb company|0074212|Scott Free Productions}}
* {{AllMovie name|110579}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes person|ridley_scott}}
* {{isfdb name|97897}}
* [http://www.rsafilms.com Ridley Scott Associates (RSA)]
* [http://www.theyshootpictures.com/scottridley.htm They Shoot Pictures, Don't They?]
* {{cite web |url= http://www.stv.tv/out/showArticle.jsp?source=opencms&articleId=/out/edimburg_festival/films/ridley_scott_interview |format= Video |title= Interview |publisher= [[STV (TV channel)|STV]] |first= Grant |last= Lauchlan |quote= Discussing ''Kingdom of Heaven'' and ''Blade Runner'' |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081025060828/http://www.stv.tv/out/showArticle.jsp?source=opencms&articleId=%2Fout%2Fedimburg_festival%2Ffilms%2Fridley_scott_interview |archive-date= 25 October 2008 |df= dmy-all }}
* {{cite news |url= http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14931-2388287,00.html |newspaper= Times |date= 5 Oct 2006 |title= Ridley Scott uncut: exclusive online interview |first= Chris |last= Sullivan |url-status= dead |archive-date= 5 July 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080705151641/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14931-2388287,00.html }}
* {{cite web |url= https://www.gamesradar.com/the-total-film-interview-ridley-scott/ |title= Total Film: Interview with Ridley Scott |date= 15 Jul 2007 |url-status= live |archive-date= 26 September 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070926213349/http://www.totalfilm.com/features/the_total_film_interview_-_ridley_scott2 }}
{{Ridley Scott}}
{{Navboxes
| title = Awards for Ridley Scott
| list =
{{BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award}}
{{British Film Institute Fellowship}}
{{BAFTA Los Angeles Britannia Awards}}
{{DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm}}
{{London Film Critics Circle Award for Director of the Year}}
{{National Board of Review Award for Best Director}}
{{Saturn Award for Best Director}}
{{The George Pal Memorial Award}}
}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Scott, Ridley}}
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Alumni of the Royal College of Art]]
[[Category:Apple Inc. advertising]]
[[Category:BAFTA Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award]]
[[Category:BAFTA fellows]]
[[Category:British film production company founders]]
[[Category:David di Donatello winners]]
[[Category:Directors Guild of America Award winners]]
[[Category:English atheists]]
[[Category:English expatriates in France]]
[[Category:English expatriates in the United States]]
[[Category:English film directors]]
[[Category:English film producers]]
[[Category:English television directors]]
[[Category:English television producers]]
[[Category:English-language film directors]]
[[Category:Golden Globe Award-winning producers]]
[[Category:Horror film directors]]
[[Category:Hugo Award winners]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:People from South Shields]]
[[Category:Primetime Emmy Award winners]]
[[Category:Science fiction film directors]]
[[Category:Science Fiction Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Television commercial directors]]
[[Category:Scott family (filmmaking)|Ridley]]' |
All external links in the new text (all_links) | [
0 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2007/aug/24/1',
1 => 'http://www.britannica.com/biography/Ridley-Scott',
2 => 'https://articles.latimes.com/1992-10-04/entertainment/ca-1142_1_ridley-scott',
3 => 'http://europe.newsweek.com/ridley-scotts-history-directing-strong-women-65047?rm=eu',
4 => 'http://awards.bafta.org/award/1995/film/outstanding-british-contribution-to-cinema',
5 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3054254.stm',
6 => 'https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/ipods-low-profile-creator-tops-cultural-chart-68924.html',
7 => 'https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-42888673',
8 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190817083320/http://m.dailylife.com.au/news-and-views/dl-culture/ridley-scott-sexism-is-real-take-it-seriously-20151006-gk2d33.html',
9 => 'http://m.dailylife.com.au/news-and-views/dl-culture/ridley-scott-sexism-is-real-take-it-seriously-20151006-gk2d33.html',
10 => 'http://living.scotsman.com/tvradio/How-Winston-helped-save-the.2341166.jp',
11 => 'https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVQF-2PCT',
12 => 'https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/whats-on/film-news/who-ridley-scott-read-guide-14301781',
13 => 'http://www.digitalspy.com/showbiz/10-things-about/news/a384212/ten-things-about-ridley-scott/',
14 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/the-martian/ridley-scott-interview/',
15 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20160111003418/http://www.hartlepoolmail.co.uk/news/film-fans-can-watch-sir-ridley-scott-s-first-movie-for-free-1-7612799',
16 => 'http://www.hartlepoolmail.co.uk/news/film-fans-can-watch-sir-ridley-scott-s-first-movie-for-free-1-7612799',
17 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080621145411/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2003/09/20/bfscott20.xml&sSheet=/arts/2003/09/20/ixartright.html',
18 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2003/09/20/bfscott20.xml&sSheet=/arts/2003/09/20/ixartright.html',
19 => 'https://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/classic/adamant/trivia.shtml',
20 => 'http://www.campaignlive.co.uk/news/features/770904/Great-Scott%E2%80%93-Forty-years-RSA/',
21 => 'http://www.lrb.co.uk/v33/n02/iain-sinclair/the-raging-peloton/print',
22 => 'https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/ridley-scotts-hovis-advert-is-voted-all-time-favourite-6102089.html',
23 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20141219012829/http://www.hovisbakery.co.uk/assets/downloads/Hovis_History.pdf',
24 => 'http://www.hovisbakery.co.uk/assets/downloads/Hovis_History.pdf',
25 => 'http://www.rsafilms.com',
26 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080409101450/http://www.pinewoodgroup.com/uploads/PDF/SheppertonStudiosHistory.pdf',
27 => 'http://www.pinewoodgroup.com/uploads/PDF/SheppertonStudiosHistory.pdf',
28 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/oct/28/the-duellists-reel-history',
29 => 'https://www.academia.edu/12374141/Honor_in_The_Duellists',
30 => 'http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2015/06/female-characters-written-for-men',
31 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6597295.stm',
32 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20071030070540/http://www.bravotv.com/The_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments/index.shtml',
33 => 'http://www.bravotv.com/The_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments/index.shtml',
34 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/oct/13/making-of-alien-chestburster',
35 => 'https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=alien.htm',
36 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolavconsole/ukfs_news/hi/newsid_6060000/newsid_6068400/bb_rm_6068470.stm',
37 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/apr/27/ridley-scott-alien-prequels-3d',
38 => 'https://www.indiewire.com/2017/09/blade-runner-2049-review-ryan-gosling-denis-villeneuve-1201881820/',
39 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3600802.stm',
40 => 'http://www.spectator.co.uk/2015/03/how-ridley-scotts-sci-fi-classic-blade-runner-foresaw-the-way-we-live-today/',
41 => 'http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?id=36328',
42 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080602222117/http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?id=36328',
43 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/life/news/page/0,12983,1290764,00.html',
44 => 'https://ew.com/movies/2017/09/29/blade-runner-2049-review/',
45 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/science/2004/aug/26/sciencefictionspecial',
46 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080720054223/http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,,628186,00.html',
47 => 'http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,,628186,00.html',
48 => 'http://tedfriedman.com/electric-dreams/chapter-5-apples-1984/',
49 => 'https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/04/weekinreview/the-computer-the-consumer-and-privacy.html',
50 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/19991005015117/http://www.duke.edu/~tlove/mac.htm',
51 => 'http://www.duke.edu/~tlove/mac.htm',
52 => 'https://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/kevinmaney/2004-01-28-maney_x.htm',
53 => 'http://edition.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/02/02/eye.ent.commercials',
54 => 'https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE5D61138F937A25750C0A963958260',
55 => 'http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090628133757/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb197/is_200401/ai_n5556112',
56 => 'http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb197/is_200401/ai_n5556112',
57 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/legend-ridley-scott/tom-cruise-making-of/',
58 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20131225184450/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/as-snow-white-the-huntsman-hits-theaters-5-more-fractured-fairytale-movies-20120531?page=2',
59 => 'http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/as-snow-white-the-huntsman-hits-theaters-5-more-fractured-fairytale-movies-20120531?page=2',
60 => 'https://www.empireonline.com/interviews/interview.asp?IID=1690',
61 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20141018215003/https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2014-05/16/hans-zimmer-interview/viewall',
62 => 'http://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2014-05/16/hans-zimmer-interview/viewall',
63 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3687795.stm',
64 => 'https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/ridley-scott-im-doing-pretty-good-if-you-think-about-it-2068888.html',
65 => 'https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-26039225',
66 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/mar/27/paul-walker-furious-seven-brief-history-of-computer-generated-actors',
67 => 'https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/Best_Film/best-film-greatest-movies-time/story?id=13147020',
68 => 'https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/martian-composer-creating-matt-damons-828847',
69 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20091112081521/http://www.mooviees.com/9136/1804-production_notes',
70 => 'http://www.mooviees.com/9136/1804-production_notes',
71 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080907232309/http://www.kingdomofheavendvd.com/',
72 => 'http://www.kingdomofheavendvd.com',
73 => 'https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/special-editions-good-bad-unnecessary/',
74 => 'http://film.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,1949283,00.html',
75 => 'https://www.bloody-disgusting.com/news/17890',
76 => 'https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=prometheus.htm',
77 => 'https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/prometheus-2-synopsis-reveals-ridley-scotts-alien-covenant-will-feature-michael-fassbender-but-not-a6737751.html',
78 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8187942.stm',
79 => 'http://youtube-global.blogspot.com/2010/07/life-in-day.html',
80 => 'https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15199776',
81 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20111117151940/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15199776',
82 => 'https://variety.com/2013/tv/news/cnns-newest-series-brings-filmmaker-ridley-scott-to-sundays-1200491234/',
83 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/bruce-springsteen/10194440/Springsteen-and-I-fans-tell-their-stories-of-The-Boss.html',
84 => 'https://www.deadline.com/2012/01/ridley-scott-in-talks-for-cormac-mccarthys-the-counselor/',
85 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20120803002437/https://www.ineedmyfix.com/2012/08/01/first-looks-at-michael-fassbender-and-brad-pitt-filming-the-counselor/',
86 => 'http://www.ineedmyfix.com/2012/08/01/first-looks-at-michael-fassbender-and-brad-pitt-filming-the-counselor',
87 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/10405944/Ridley-Scott-on-the-future-of-Prometheus.html',
88 => 'https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-direct-matt-damon-703887',
89 => 'http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/09/26/ridley-scott-on-the-martian-his-groundbreaking-1984-apple-commercial-and-prometheus-2.html',
90 => 'http://www.firstshowing.net/2014/fox-shifts-release-dates-for-the-martian-miss-peregrine-more/',
91 => 'https://deadline.com/2015/06/fox-switches-the-martian-and-victor-frankenstein-release-dates-1201441061/',
92 => 'https://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?view=Director&id=ridleyscott.htm',
93 => 'http://www.csmonitor.com/The-Culture/Culture-Cafe/2015/0914/Toronto-Film-Festival-The-Martian-Room-get-critics-talking-video',
94 => 'https://variety.com/2015/film/news/the-martian-box-office-matt-damon-1201605217/',
95 => 'https://www.thewrap.com/prometheus-2-lands-green-lantern-writer-may-feature-multiple-michael-fassbenders-exclusive/',
96 => 'https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-alien-covenant-review-20170517-story.html',
97 => '//www.worldcat.org/issn/0458-3035',
98 => 'http://www.tracking-board.com/alien-covenant-film-review-ridley-scott-returns-to-form-with-chest-bursting-thrills/',
99 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20140418103232/http://www.deadline.com/2011/08/ridley-scott-ready-to-direct-new-version-of-seminal-sci-fi-film-blade-runner/',
100 => 'https://www.deadline.com/2011/08/ridley-scott-ready-to-direct-new-version-of-seminal-sci-fi-film-blade-runner/',
101 => 'https://www.theverge.com/2014/11/25/7286991/blade-runner-2-wont-be-directed-by-ridley-scott',
102 => 'https://ew.com/article/2016/07/15/blade-runner-sequel-concept-art/',
103 => 'https://deadline.com/2016/10/blade-runner-2049-new-title-of-sequel-1201831969/',
104 => 'https://deadline.com/2017/03/ridley-scott-j-paul-getty-iii-kidnap-movie-natalie-portman-david-scarpa-john-paul-getty-1202042231/',
105 => 'https://deadline.com/2017/03/michelle-williams-kevin-spacey-mark-wahlberg-ridley-scott-getty-kidnap-film-imperative-entertainment-sony-pictures-1202056971/',
106 => 'https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-42168622',
107 => 'https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=allthemoneyintheworld.htm',
108 => 'https://deadline.com/2020/07/mulan-avatar-star-wars-release-date-changes-disney-coroanvirus-1202993719/',
109 => 'https://www.francebleu.fr/amp/infos/culture-loisirs/dordogne-ridley-scott-cherche-des-doublures-pour-les-stars-de-son-prochain-film-1579014852',
110 => 'https://figurants.com/figuration-cinema/figuration-long-metrage/casting-doublures-matt-damon-adam-driver-et-jodie-comer-pour-film-de-ridley-scott_i11180',
111 => 'https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/culture-loisirs/discretion-de-mise-a-sarlat-autour-du-dernier-riddley-scott-1581627414',
112 => 'https://www.lejsl.com/edition-macon/2020/01/23/the-last-duel-cinq-a-six-jours-de-tournage-au-chateau-de-berze',
113 => 'http://www.iftn.ie/news/?act1=record&only=1&aid=73&rid=4293245&tpl=archnews&force=1',
114 => 'https://deadline.com/2019/11/lady-gaga-ridley-scott-movie-maurizio-gucci-patrizia-reggiani-murder-gucci-family-giannina-scott-1202774518/',
115 => 'https://deadline.com/2016/01/ridley-scott-the-prisoner-the-martian-patrick-mcgoohan-alien-covenant-1201678547/',
116 => 'https://collider.com/ridley-scott-drew-goddard-wraiths-of-the-broken-land/',
117 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/apr/04/ridley-scott-to-direct-battle-of-britain-passion-project-movie',
118 => 'https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-talks-direct-a-merlin-movie-disney-1071717?facebook_20180104',
119 => 'http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/blade-runner/news/a846834/ridley-scott-has-plans-another-blade-runner-sequel/',
120 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202102532/http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/blade-runner/news/a846834/ridley-scott-has-plans-another-blade-runner-sequel/',
121 => 'https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-direct-queen-country-movie-1094869',
122 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7856758.stm',
123 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20090305090626/http://www.variety.com/VR1117999155.html',
124 => 'https://www.variety.com/VR1117999155.html',
125 => 'https://www.amazon.com/The-Man-In-High-Castle/dp/B00RSGIVVO',
126 => 'http://www.backstage.com/resources/detail/productionlisting/braindead-85375/',
127 => 'http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/ridley-scott-57300822/',
128 => 'https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-braindead-review-20160609-snap-story.html',
129 => 'https://deadline.com/2016/03/the-terror-anthology-series-scott-free-1201712908/',
130 => 'https://deadline.com/2013/02/amc-developing-terror-drama-produced-by-scott-free-tv-360-alexandra-milchan-429627/',
131 => 'https://deadline.com/2017/11/steven-knight-a-christmas-carol-dickens-adaptations-bbc-ridley-scott-tom-hardy-1202215436/',
132 => 'https://pressroom.warnermediagroup.com/ca/media-release/hbo-max/ridley-scotts-raised-wolves-coming-hbo-max',
133 => 'https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/01/arts/television/raised-by-wolves-finale-ridley-scott.html',
134 => '//www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331',
135 => 'https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/the-aspirational-android-parenting-of-raised-by-wolves',
136 => 'https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/a-reel-life-jordan-scott-6801670.html',
137 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2616075.stm',
138 => 'https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/hollywood-pays-tribute-to-top-gun-director-tony-scott-following-suicide-leap-8062363.html',
139 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/11261672/Ridley-Scott-breaks-silence-on-brother-Tony-Scotts-death.html',
140 => 'https://www.metacritic.com/tv/coma',
141 => 'https://www.rogerebert.com/balder-and-dash/double-vision-tony-scott-ridley-scott-and-the-counselor',
142 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/gallery/2016/jan/11/golden-globes-2016-ceremony-in-pictures-gervais-gibson-leonardo-dicaprio-winslet',
143 => 'https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/27/magazine/ridley-scott-most-novelists-are-desperate-to-do-what-i-do.html?smid=tw-nytimes&_r=1&',
144 => 'https://www.bbc.co.uk/films/callingtheshots/ridley_scott.shtml',
145 => 'http://www.brmovie.com/Articles/Sammon_Interview_11.htm',
146 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20120516075620/http://movies.inquirer.net/3843/%E2%80%9Cprometheus%E2%80%9D-crew-on-a-mission-collision',
147 => 'http://movies.inquirer.net/3843/%E2%80%9Cprometheus%E2%80%9D-crew-on-a-mission-collision',
148 => 'https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/ridley-scotts-brilliant-first-film',
149 => 'https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800015105/bio',
150 => 'http://herocomplex.latimes.com/movies/ridley-scott-magic-comes-over-the-horizon-every-day/',
151 => 'https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/56797/supplement/1',
152 => 'http://www.empsfm.org/press/index.asparticleID=892',
153 => 'https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/kino/ridley-scott-zum-achtzigsten-des-science-fiction-regisseurs-15316487.html',
154 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment_and_arts/10348091.stm',
155 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/apr/02/peter-blake-sgt-pepper-cover-revisited',
156 => 'http://www.rca.ac.uk/news-and-events/convocation2015/',
157 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150315030921/http://www.rca.ac.uk/more/our-history/college-honours/honorary-doctors/',
158 => 'http://www.rca.ac.uk/more/our-history/college-honours/honorary-doctors/',
159 => 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56005#identifiers',
160 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20120722084039/http://www.empmuseum.org/exhibitions/index.asp?articleID=952',
161 => 'https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000631/',
162 => 'https://www.imdb.com/search/title/?companies=co0074212',
163 => 'https://www.allmovie.com/artist/p110579',
164 => 'https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/ridley_scott',
165 => 'http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?97897',
166 => 'http://www.theyshootpictures.com/scottridley.htm',
167 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20081025060828/http://www.stv.tv/out/showArticle.jsp?source=opencms&articleId=/out/edimburg_festival/films/ridley_scott_interview',
168 => 'http://www.stv.tv/out/showArticle.jsp?source=opencms&articleId=/out/edimburg_festival/films/ridley_scott_interview',
169 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080705151641/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14931-2388287,00.html',
170 => 'http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14931-2388287,00.html',
171 => 'https://www.gamesradar.com/the-total-film-interview-ridley-scott/',
172 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20070926213349/http://www.totalfilm.com/features/the_total_film_interview_-_ridley_scott2',
173 => 'https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90782001',
174 => 'http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX901489',
175 => 'https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12568266z',
176 => 'https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12568266z',
177 => 'http://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a11843640',
178 => 'https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA11747198?l=en',
179 => 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/119070405',
180 => 'https://opac.sbn.it/opacsbn/opac/iccu/scheda_authority.jsp?bid=IT%5CICCU%5CTO0V%5C074955',
181 => 'https://isni.org/isni/0000000116899928',
182 => 'https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no91006599',
183 => 'https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000190061&P_CON_LNG=ENG',
184 => 'https://musicbrainz.org/artist/31ff73b6-6049-4922-9ff8-6e59c37960ec',
185 => 'https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00867104',
186 => 'https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=js20050516009&CON_LNG=ENG',
187 => 'https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35168141',
188 => 'http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&doc_number=004036420&local_base=nlx10',
189 => 'https://nl.go.kr/authorities/resource/KAC200103605',
190 => 'https://tools.wmflabs.org/wikidata-externalid-url?p=1695&id=A24745844',
191 => 'http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069614288',
192 => 'http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&NU=1&IM=4&WI=9810656147205606',
193 => 'http://data.rero.ch/02-A005559878',
194 => 'https://libris.kb.se/auth/283696',
195 => 'https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6ff4p1k',
196 => 'https://www.idref.fr/034990275',
197 => 'https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/849608',
198 => 'https://viaf.org/viaf/95126970',
199 => 'https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no91006599'
] |
Links in the page, before the edit (old_links) | [
0 => '//www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331',
1 => '//www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331',
2 => '//www.worldcat.org/issn/0458-3035',
3 => '//www.worldcat.org/issn/0458-3035',
4 => 'http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090628133757/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb197/is_200401/ai_n5556112',
5 => 'http://awards.bafta.org/award/1995/film/outstanding-british-contribution-to-cinema',
6 => 'http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/as-snow-white-the-huntsman-hits-theaters-5-more-fractured-fairytale-movies-20120531?page=2',
7 => 'http://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a11843640',
8 => 'http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX901489',
9 => 'http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069614288',
10 => 'http://data.rero.ch/02-A005559878',
11 => 'http://edition.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/02/02/eye.ent.commercials',
12 => 'http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14931-2388287,00.html',
13 => 'http://europe.newsweek.com/ridley-scotts-history-directing-strong-women-65047?rm=eu',
14 => 'http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,,628186,00.html',
15 => 'http://film.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,1949283,00.html',
16 => 'http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb197/is_200401/ai_n5556112',
17 => 'http://herocomplex.latimes.com/movies/ridley-scott-magic-comes-over-the-horizon-every-day/',
18 => 'http://living.scotsman.com/tvradio/How-Winston-helped-save-the.2341166.jp',
19 => 'http://m.dailylife.com.au/news-and-views/dl-culture/ridley-scott-sexism-is-real-take-it-seriously-20151006-gk2d33.html',
20 => 'http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&NU=1&IM=4&WI=9810656147205606',
21 => 'http://movies.inquirer.net/3843/%E2%80%9Cprometheus%E2%80%9D-crew-on-a-mission-collision',
22 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2616075.stm',
23 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment_and_arts/10348091.stm',
24 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8187942.stm',
25 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3600802.stm',
26 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3054254.stm',
27 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6597295.stm',
28 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3687795.stm',
29 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7856758.stm',
30 => 'http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolavconsole/ukfs_news/hi/newsid_6060000/newsid_6068400/bb_rm_6068470.stm',
31 => 'http://tedfriedman.com/electric-dreams/chapter-5-apples-1984/',
32 => 'http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&doc_number=004036420&local_base=nlx10',
33 => 'http://www.backstage.com/resources/detail/productionlisting/braindead-85375/',
34 => 'http://www.bravotv.com/The_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments/index.shtml',
35 => 'http://www.britannica.com/biography/Ridley-Scott',
36 => 'http://www.brmovie.com/Articles/Sammon_Interview_11.htm',
37 => 'http://www.campaignlive.co.uk/news/features/770904/Great-Scott%E2%80%93-Forty-years-RSA/',
38 => 'http://www.csmonitor.com/The-Culture/Culture-Cafe/2015/0914/Toronto-Film-Festival-The-Martian-Room-get-critics-talking-video',
39 => 'http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/blade-runner/news/a846834/ridley-scott-has-plans-another-blade-runner-sequel/',
40 => 'http://www.digitalspy.com/showbiz/10-things-about/news/a384212/ten-things-about-ridley-scott/',
41 => 'http://www.duke.edu/~tlove/mac.htm',
42 => 'http://www.empsfm.org/press/index.asparticleID=892',
43 => 'http://www.firstshowing.net/2014/fox-shifts-release-dates-for-the-martian-miss-peregrine-more/',
44 => 'http://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2014-05/16/hans-zimmer-interview/viewall',
45 => 'http://www.hartlepoolmail.co.uk/news/film-fans-can-watch-sir-ridley-scott-s-first-movie-for-free-1-7612799',
46 => 'http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/ridley-scott-57300822/',
47 => 'http://www.hovisbakery.co.uk/assets/downloads/Hovis_History.pdf',
48 => 'http://www.iftn.ie/news/?act1=record&only=1&aid=73&rid=4293245&tpl=archnews&force=1',
49 => 'http://www.ineedmyfix.com/2012/08/01/first-looks-at-michael-fassbender-and-brad-pitt-filming-the-counselor',
50 => 'http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?97897',
51 => 'http://www.kingdomofheavendvd.com',
52 => 'http://www.lrb.co.uk/v33/n02/iain-sinclair/the-raging-peloton/print',
53 => 'http://www.mooviees.com/9136/1804-production_notes',
54 => 'http://www.pinewoodgroup.com/uploads/PDF/SheppertonStudiosHistory.pdf',
55 => 'http://www.rca.ac.uk/more/our-history/college-honours/honorary-doctors/',
56 => 'http://www.rca.ac.uk/news-and-events/convocation2015/',
57 => 'http://www.rsafilms.com',
58 => 'http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?id=36328',
59 => 'http://www.spectator.co.uk/2015/03/how-ridley-scotts-sci-fi-classic-blade-runner-foresaw-the-way-we-live-today/',
60 => 'http://www.stv.tv/out/showArticle.jsp?source=opencms&articleId=/out/edimburg_festival/films/ridley_scott_interview',
61 => 'http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/09/26/ridley-scott-on-the-martian-his-groundbreaking-1984-apple-commercial-and-prometheus-2.html',
62 => 'http://www.theyshootpictures.com/scottridley.htm',
63 => 'http://www.tracking-board.com/alien-covenant-film-review-ridley-scott-returns-to-form-with-chest-bursting-thrills/',
64 => 'http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2015/06/female-characters-written-for-men',
65 => 'http://youtube-global.blogspot.com/2010/07/life-in-day.html',
66 => 'https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/Best_Film/best-film-greatest-movies-time/story?id=13147020',
67 => 'https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=js20050516009&CON_LNG=ENG',
68 => 'https://articles.latimes.com/1992-10-04/entertainment/ca-1142_1_ridley-scott',
69 => 'https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90782001',
70 => 'https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12568266z',
71 => 'https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA11747198?l=en',
72 => 'https://collider.com/ridley-scott-drew-goddard-wraiths-of-the-broken-land/',
73 => 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/119070405',
74 => 'https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12568266z',
75 => 'https://deadline.com/2013/02/amc-developing-terror-drama-produced-by-scott-free-tv-360-alexandra-milchan-429627/',
76 => 'https://deadline.com/2015/06/fox-switches-the-martian-and-victor-frankenstein-release-dates-1201441061/',
77 => 'https://deadline.com/2016/01/ridley-scott-the-prisoner-the-martian-patrick-mcgoohan-alien-covenant-1201678547/',
78 => 'https://deadline.com/2016/03/the-terror-anthology-series-scott-free-1201712908/',
79 => 'https://deadline.com/2016/10/blade-runner-2049-new-title-of-sequel-1201831969/',
80 => 'https://deadline.com/2017/03/michelle-williams-kevin-spacey-mark-wahlberg-ridley-scott-getty-kidnap-film-imperative-entertainment-sony-pictures-1202056971/',
81 => 'https://deadline.com/2017/03/ridley-scott-j-paul-getty-iii-kidnap-movie-natalie-portman-david-scarpa-john-paul-getty-1202042231/',
82 => 'https://deadline.com/2017/11/steven-knight-a-christmas-carol-dickens-adaptations-bbc-ridley-scott-tom-hardy-1202215436/',
83 => 'https://deadline.com/2019/11/lady-gaga-ridley-scott-movie-maurizio-gucci-patrizia-reggiani-murder-gucci-family-giannina-scott-1202774518/',
84 => 'https://deadline.com/2020/07/mulan-avatar-star-wars-release-date-changes-disney-coroanvirus-1202993719/',
85 => 'https://ew.com/article/2016/07/15/blade-runner-sequel-concept-art/',
86 => 'https://ew.com/movies/2017/09/29/blade-runner-2049-review/',
87 => 'https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVQF-2PCT',
88 => 'https://figurants.com/figuration-cinema/figuration-long-metrage/casting-doublures-matt-damon-adam-driver-et-jodie-comer-pour-film-de-ridley-scott_i11180',
89 => 'https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no91006599',
90 => 'https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00867104',
91 => 'https://isni.org/isni/0000000116899928',
92 => 'https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000190061&P_CON_LNG=ENG',
93 => 'https://libris.kb.se/auth/283696',
94 => 'https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800015105/bio',
95 => 'https://musicbrainz.org/artist/31ff73b6-6049-4922-9ff8-6e59c37960ec',
96 => 'https://nl.go.kr/authorities/resource/KAC200103605',
97 => 'https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35168141',
98 => 'https://opac.sbn.it/opacsbn/opac/iccu/scheda_authority.jsp?bid=IT%5CICCU%5CTO0V%5C074955',
99 => 'https://pressroom.warnermediagroup.com/ca/media-release/hbo-max/ridley-scotts-raised-wolves-coming-hbo-max',
100 => 'https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE5D61138F937A25750C0A963958260',
101 => 'https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6ff4p1k',
102 => 'https://tools.wmflabs.org/wikidata-externalid-url?p=1695&id=A24745844',
103 => 'https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/849608',
104 => 'https://variety.com/2013/tv/news/cnns-newest-series-brings-filmmaker-ridley-scott-to-sundays-1200491234/',
105 => 'https://variety.com/2015/film/news/the-martian-box-office-matt-damon-1201605217/',
106 => 'https://viaf.org/viaf/95126970',
107 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/19991005015117/http://www.duke.edu/~tlove/mac.htm',
108 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20070926213349/http://www.totalfilm.com/features/the_total_film_interview_-_ridley_scott2',
109 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20071030070540/http://www.bravotv.com/The_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments/index.shtml',
110 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080409101450/http://www.pinewoodgroup.com/uploads/PDF/SheppertonStudiosHistory.pdf',
111 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080602222117/http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?id=36328',
112 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080621145411/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2003/09/20/bfscott20.xml&sSheet=/arts/2003/09/20/ixartright.html',
113 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080705151641/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14931-2388287,00.html',
114 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080720054223/http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,,628186,00.html',
115 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20080907232309/http://www.kingdomofheavendvd.com/',
116 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20081025060828/http://www.stv.tv/out/showArticle.jsp?source=opencms&articleId=/out/edimburg_festival/films/ridley_scott_interview',
117 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20090305090626/http://www.variety.com/VR1117999155.html',
118 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20091112081521/http://www.mooviees.com/9136/1804-production_notes',
119 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20111117151940/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15199776',
120 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20120516075620/http://movies.inquirer.net/3843/%E2%80%9Cprometheus%E2%80%9D-crew-on-a-mission-collision',
121 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20120722084039/http://www.empmuseum.org/exhibitions/index.asp?articleID=952',
122 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20120803002437/https://www.ineedmyfix.com/2012/08/01/first-looks-at-michael-fassbender-and-brad-pitt-filming-the-counselor/',
123 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20131225184450/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/as-snow-white-the-huntsman-hits-theaters-5-more-fractured-fairytale-movies-20120531?page=2',
124 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20140418103232/http://www.deadline.com/2011/08/ridley-scott-ready-to-direct-new-version-of-seminal-sci-fi-film-blade-runner/',
125 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20141018215003/https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2014-05/16/hans-zimmer-interview/viewall',
126 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20141219012829/http://www.hovisbakery.co.uk/assets/downloads/Hovis_History.pdf',
127 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150315030921/http://www.rca.ac.uk/more/our-history/college-honours/honorary-doctors/',
128 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20160111003418/http://www.hartlepoolmail.co.uk/news/film-fans-can-watch-sir-ridley-scott-s-first-movie-for-free-1-7612799',
129 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202102532/http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/blade-runner/news/a846834/ridley-scott-has-plans-another-blade-runner-sequel/',
130 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190817083320/http://m.dailylife.com.au/news-and-views/dl-culture/ridley-scott-sexism-is-real-take-it-seriously-20151006-gk2d33.html',
131 => 'https://www.academia.edu/12374141/Honor_in_The_Duellists',
132 => 'https://www.allmovie.com/artist/p110579',
133 => 'https://www.amazon.com/The-Man-In-High-Castle/dp/B00RSGIVVO',
134 => 'https://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/classic/adamant/trivia.shtml',
135 => 'https://www.bbc.co.uk/films/callingtheshots/ridley_scott.shtml',
136 => 'https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-42888673',
137 => 'https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15199776',
138 => 'https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-42168622',
139 => 'https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-26039225',
140 => 'https://www.bloody-disgusting.com/news/17890',
141 => 'https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=alien.htm',
142 => 'https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=prometheus.htm',
143 => 'https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=allthemoneyintheworld.htm',
144 => 'https://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?view=Director&id=ridleyscott.htm',
145 => 'https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/whats-on/film-news/who-ridley-scott-read-guide-14301781',
146 => 'https://www.deadline.com/2011/08/ridley-scott-ready-to-direct-new-version-of-seminal-sci-fi-film-blade-runner/',
147 => 'https://www.deadline.com/2012/01/ridley-scott-in-talks-for-cormac-mccarthys-the-counselor/',
148 => 'https://www.empireonline.com/interviews/interview.asp?IID=1690',
149 => 'https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/special-editions-good-bad-unnecessary/',
150 => 'https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/kino/ridley-scott-zum-achtzigsten-des-science-fiction-regisseurs-15316487.html',
151 => 'https://www.francebleu.fr/amp/infos/culture-loisirs/dordogne-ridley-scott-cherche-des-doublures-pour-les-stars-de-son-prochain-film-1579014852',
152 => 'https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/culture-loisirs/discretion-de-mise-a-sarlat-autour-du-dernier-riddley-scott-1581627414',
153 => 'https://www.gamesradar.com/the-total-film-interview-ridley-scott/',
154 => 'https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-talks-direct-a-merlin-movie-disney-1071717?facebook_20180104',
155 => 'https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-direct-queen-country-movie-1094869',
156 => 'https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ridley-scott-direct-matt-damon-703887',
157 => 'https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/martian-composer-creating-matt-damons-828847',
158 => 'https://www.idref.fr/034990275',
159 => 'https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000631/',
160 => 'https://www.imdb.com/search/title/?companies=co0074212',
161 => 'https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/ridley-scott-im-doing-pretty-good-if-you-think-about-it-2068888.html',
162 => 'https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/prometheus-2-synopsis-reveals-ridley-scotts-alien-covenant-will-feature-michael-fassbender-but-not-a6737751.html',
163 => 'https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/ridley-scotts-hovis-advert-is-voted-all-time-favourite-6102089.html',
164 => 'https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/ipods-low-profile-creator-tops-cultural-chart-68924.html',
165 => 'https://www.indiewire.com/2017/09/blade-runner-2049-review-ryan-gosling-denis-villeneuve-1201881820/',
166 => 'https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-alien-covenant-review-20170517-story.html',
167 => 'https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-braindead-review-20160609-snap-story.html',
168 => 'https://www.lejsl.com/edition-macon/2020/01/23/the-last-duel-cinq-a-six-jours-de-tournage-au-chateau-de-berze',
169 => 'https://www.metacritic.com/tv/coma',
170 => 'https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/ridley-scotts-brilliant-first-film',
171 => 'https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/the-aspirational-android-parenting-of-raised-by-wolves',
172 => 'https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/04/weekinreview/the-computer-the-consumer-and-privacy.html',
173 => 'https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/27/magazine/ridley-scott-most-novelists-are-desperate-to-do-what-i-do.html?smid=tw-nytimes&_r=1&',
174 => 'https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/01/arts/television/raised-by-wolves-finale-ridley-scott.html',
175 => 'https://www.rogerebert.com/balder-and-dash/double-vision-tony-scott-ridley-scott-and-the-counselor',
176 => 'https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/ridley_scott',
177 => 'https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/a-reel-life-jordan-scott-6801670.html',
178 => 'https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/hollywood-pays-tribute-to-top-gun-director-tony-scott-following-suicide-leap-8062363.html',
179 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2003/09/20/bfscott20.xml&sSheet=/arts/2003/09/20/ixartright.html',
180 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/10405944/Ridley-Scott-on-the-future-of-Prometheus.html',
181 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/bruce-springsteen/10194440/Springsteen-and-I-fans-tell-their-stories-of-The-Boss.html',
182 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/legend-ridley-scott/tom-cruise-making-of/',
183 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/the-martian/ridley-scott-interview/',
184 => 'https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/11261672/Ridley-Scott-breaks-silence-on-brother-Tony-Scotts-death.html',
185 => 'https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/56797/supplement/1',
186 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/apr/02/peter-blake-sgt-pepper-cover-revisited',
187 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2007/aug/24/1',
188 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/oct/13/making-of-alien-chestburster',
189 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/apr/27/ridley-scott-alien-prequels-3d',
190 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/oct/28/the-duellists-reel-history',
191 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/mar/27/paul-walker-furious-seven-brief-history-of-computer-generated-actors',
192 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/apr/04/ridley-scott-to-direct-battle-of-britain-passion-project-movie',
193 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/film/gallery/2016/jan/11/golden-globes-2016-ceremony-in-pictures-gervais-gibson-leonardo-dicaprio-winslet',
194 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/life/news/page/0,12983,1290764,00.html',
195 => 'https://www.theguardian.com/science/2004/aug/26/sciencefictionspecial',
196 => 'https://www.theverge.com/2014/11/25/7286991/blade-runner-2-wont-be-directed-by-ridley-scott',
197 => 'https://www.thewrap.com/prometheus-2-lands-green-lantern-writer-may-feature-multiple-michael-fassbenders-exclusive/',
198 => 'https://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/kevinmaney/2004-01-28-maney_x.htm',
199 => 'https://www.variety.com/VR1117999155.html',
200 => 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56005#identifiers',
201 => 'https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no91006599'
] |
