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{{Other uses}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Return to Oz
| image = Returntoozposter.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster by [[Drew Struzan]]
| director = [[Walter Murch]]
| producer = [[Paul Maslansky]]
| screenplay = Walter Murch <br/> [[Gill Dennis]]
| story = [[Gill Dennis]]
| based_on = {{based on|''[[The Marvelous Land of Oz]]'' and ''[[Ozma of Oz]]''|[[L. Frank Baum]]}}
| starring = {{Plainlist|<!--Per poster billing-->
* [[Nicol Williamson]]
* [[Jean Marsh]]
* [[Piper Laurie]]
* [[Fairuza Balk]]
}}
| music = [[David Shire]]
| cinematography = [[David Watkin (cinematographer)|David Watkin]]<br />[[Freddie Francis]] (uncredited)
| editing = Leslie Hodgson
| studio = [[Walt Disney Pictures]]<br />[[Silver Screen Partners ]]
| distributor = [[Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures|Buena Vista Distribution]]
| released = {{film date|1985|6|21|United States}}
| runtime = 113 minutes
| country = United States<br/>United Kingdom
| language = English
| budget = $28 million<ref>{{cite news|title= Disasters Outnumber Movie Hits|work= [[South Florida Sun-Sentinel]]|url= http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1985-09-04/features/8502060585_1_ticket-million-box-office|access-date=2012-06-05}}</ref>
| gross = $11.1 million (USA)
}}
'''''Return to Oz''''' is a 1985 British-American [[dark fantasy|dark]] [[fantasy film]] released by [[Walt Disney Pictures]], directed and written by [[Walter Murch]], co-written by [[Gill Dennis]] and produced by [[Paul Maslansky]]. It stars [[Nicol Williamson]], [[Jean Marsh]], [[Piper Laurie]], and [[Fairuza Balk]] as [[Dorothy Gale]] in her first screen role. The film is an [[unofficial sequel]] to the 1939 [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] film ''[[The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)|The Wizard of Oz]],'' and it is based on [[L. Frank Baum]]'s early 20th century [[List of Oz books|''Oz'' novels]], mainly ''[[The Marvelous Land of Oz]]'' (1904) and ''[[Ozma of Oz]]'' (1907). In the plot, Dorothy returns to the [[Land of Oz]] to find it has been conquered by the [[Nome King]], and she must restore it with her new friends [[Tik-Tok (Oz)|Tik-Tok]], [[Jack Pumpkinhead]], and [[Princess Ozma]].
In 1954, Walt Disney Productions bought the film rights to Baum's remaining ''Oz'' books to use in the television series ''[[Walt Disney anthology television series|Disneyland]];'' this led to the live-action film ''[[Rainbow Road to Oz]]'', which was never completed. Murch suggested making another ''Oz'' film in 1980. Disney approved the project as they were due to lose the film rights to the series. Though MGM was not involved in the production, Disney had to pay a large fee to use the [[ruby slippers]] created for the 1939 film. ''Return to Oz'' fell behind schedule during production, and, following a change of Disney management, Murch was briefly fired from the project.
''Return to Oz'' was released in theaters on June 21, 1985. It [[Box-office bomb|performed poorly at the box office]], grossing $11.1 million in the United States on a $28 million budget, and received mixed reviews, with critics praising the effects and performances but criticizing the dark content and twisted visuals. However, it performed well outside the U.S and has since acquired a [[cult film|cult following]].<ref name="Geraghty">{{cite book | last =Geraghty | first =Lincoln | title =American Hollywood | publisher = Intellect Books | date =2011 | isbn =978-1-84150-415-5| page =187}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etonline.com/movies/131252_Return_to_Oz_Flashback_with_Fairuza_Balk/index.html?viewFull=true|title=Flashback Exclusive: A 'Return to Oz'|last=Weiner|first=David|date=March 5, 2013|work=ET Online|access-date=March 15, 2013}}</ref> It received an [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] nomination for [[Academy Award for Best Visual Effects|Best Visual Effects]].
==Plot==
<!--KEEP THIS SHORT. Per WP:FILMPLOT, plots are 400-700 words only-->
In October 1899, [[Dorothy Gale]] still talks of her adventure in the [[Land of Oz]], troubling her [[Aunt Em]] and [[Uncle Henry (Oz)|Uncle Henry]], who believe she is fantasizing. In her yard, she finds a key with an Oz insignia. Aunt Em takes her to Dr. J.B. Worley for [[electrotherapy]], leaving her under the care of Nurse Wilson. As Dorothy is about to receive treatment, the asylum is struck by lightning and the power fails. Dorothy is freed from her restraints by a mysterious girl who tells her that Dr Worley's machines damage the patients. They escape, with Nurse Wilson in pursuit, and fall into a river. Dorothy clambers aboard a chicken coop, but the other girl vanishes.
Dorothy wakes up in Oz with her chicken Billina, who can now talk. They find the [[Emerald City]] in ruins and its citizens except the Scarecrow have been turned to stone. Cornered by Wheelers, menacing people with wheels instead of hands and feet, they escape into a room as Dorothy opens a door with the Oz key. They meet a mechanical man, [[Tik-Tok (Oz)|Tik-Tok]], who defeats the Wheelers and learns from the Lead Wheeler that King [[Scarecrow (Oz)|Scarecrow]] has been captured by the [[Nome King]], who is responsible for the Emerald City's destruction.
They encounter [[Mombi]] in the royal palace, who decides to imprison Dorothy to take her head for her collection. In a locked room at the top of the palace, Dorothy, Billina, and Tik-Tok meet [[Jack Pumpkinhead]], who explains he was brought to life via Mombi's [[Land of Oz#Powder of Life|Powder of Life]], which gives them an idea of how to escape. They assemble a creature with furniture, rope, and the head of a moose-like animal called the [[List of Oz characters (created by Baum)#The Gump|Gump]]. Dorothy steals the Powder of Life from Mombi, but awakes her many heads, then rushes back to her friends to use the powder to bring the Gump to life. As he flies them across the [[Deadly Desert]], Mombi sends the Wheelers after them, but half of them are killed by turning into sand by touching the Deadly Desert. The next day the remaining Wheelers take Mombi the safe route (The Nome King's Tunnel) towards the Nome King's Mountain.
A tired Gump crashes on the mountain of the Nome King, who creates an earthquake to bring them all underground. There he tells Dorothy that he has turned the Scarecrow into an ornament and challenges Dorothy and her companions to identify which ornament; if they can't after three guesses, they will become ornaments themselves. After the Gump, Jack and Tik-Tok each fail, the Nome King offers to return Dorothy home using her lost [[ruby slippers]], but Dorothy refuses. She enters the ornament room and gets her first two guesses wrong as Mombi arrives at the mountain with the Wheelers. Mombi then talks to the Nome King.
With her third guess, Dorothy finds the Scarecrow and realizes the people of Oz turn into green ornaments, going on to restore Jack and Gump. Enraged, the Nome King imprisons Mombi for allowing Dorothy's escape, then assumes a giant form in order to prevent the others from leaving. He prepares to eat Jack but Billina, hiding in Jack's head, lays an egg which falls into the Nome King's mouth. As eggs are poisonous to Nomes, the Nome King and all of his kingdom begin to crumble.
As the mountain starts to collapse around them, Dorothy finds the ruby slippers. She quickly puts them on and wishes for the group to be returned to a restored Emerald City. There, they mourn the loss of Tik-Tok until Billina notices a green medal stuck on one of the Gump's antlers. Dorothy restores him. At a celebration, Dorothy is asked to be Queen of Oz but she instead wants to return to Kansas. [[Princess Ozma]], the rightful ruler of Oz imprisoned in a mirror by Mombi, is now free to take her place on the throne of Oz. Dorothy hands over the ruby slippers to Ozma, who sends Dorothy home, while Billina remains behind in Oz.
In Kansas, Dorothy's family finds her on a riverbank. Aunt Em reveals that Worley's hospital was struck by lightning and burned down, and Worley died trying to save his machines. They see Nurse Wilson locked in a cage on a police buggy. In the farmhouse, now complete, Dorothy can still see Billina and Ozma in Oz through her bedroom mirror, who tell her she can return to Oz at any time.
==Cast==
===Live action===
{{Cast listing|
* [[Fairuza Balk]] as [[Dorothy Gale]]
* [[Nicol Williamson]] as Dr. J.B. Worley/[[Nome King]]
* [[Jean Marsh]] as Nurse Wilson/[[Mombi]]
**[[Sophie Ward]] as Mombi II
** [[Fiona Victory]] as Mombi IV
* [[Piper Laurie]] as [[Aunt Em]]
* [[Matt Clark (actor)|Matt Clark]] as [[Uncle Henry (Oz)|Uncle Henry]]
* Emma Ridley as the Girl at the hospital/[[Princess Ozma]]
* Justin Case as the [[Scarecrow (Oz)|Scarecrow]]
* [[Pons Maar]] as Lead Wheeler/Nurse Wilson's assistant
* [[Bruce Boa]] as Policeman
* Tansy as [[Toto (Oz)|Toto]]
* John Alexander, Rachael Ashton, Robbie Barnett, Ailsa Berk, Peter Elliott, Roger Ennals, Michele Hine, Mark Hopkins, Colin Skeaping, Ken Stevens, Philip Tan and Rob Thirtle as the Wheelers
}}
===Voice cast===
{{Cast listing|
* [[Denise Bryer]] as Billina
* [[Sean Barrett (actor)|Sean Barrett]] as Tik-Tok
* [[Brian Henson]] as Jack Pumpkinhead
* Lyle Conway as the Gump
* [[Pons Maar]] as Nome Messenger
* Beatrice Murch as Princess Ozma (uncredited)
}}
===Puppeteers===
{{Cast listing|
* [[Mak Wilson]] as [[Billina]]
* [[Timothy D. Rose]] as [[Tik-Tok (Oz)|Tik-Tok]] (head operator)
* [[Michael Sundin]] as Tik-Tok (in-suit performer)
* [[Brian Henson]] and Stewart Larange as [[Jack Pumpkinhead]]
* Lyle Conway and [[Stephen Norrington|Steve Norrington]] as [[The Gump]]
* [[Deep Roy]] as the [[Tin Woodman|Tin Man]]
* John Alexander as the [[Cowardly Lion]]
}}
==Production==
[[Walter Murch]] began development of ''Return to Oz'' in 1980, during a brain-storming session with [[Walt Disney Pictures|Walt Disney Productions]] production chief Tom Wilhite. Murch told Wilhite he was interested in making an ''Oz'' film and Wilhite "sort of straightened up in his chair". Unbeknownst to Murch, Disney owned the rights to the ''Oz'' series and wanted to make a new film as the [[copyright]] was soon to expire.<ref name="murchinterview">{{cite news|url=http://www.filmfreakcentral.net/ffc/2012/05/a-conversation-ffc-interviews-walter-murch.html|title=A Conversation with Walter Murch|last=Chambers|first=Bill|date=May 9, 2000|work=Film Freak Central|access-date=2010-01-13}}</ref> Five weeks into production, Disney was unhappy with the footage and fired Murch. Filmmaker [[George Lucas]] convinced them to reinstate him after reviewing the footage and guaranteeing that he would step in as replacement if any further problems emerged.<ref name="murchinterview" />
''Return to Oz'' is based on the second and third ''Oz'' books, ''[[The Marvelous Land of Oz]]'' (1904) and ''[[Ozma of Oz]]'' (1907). The element about [[Tik-Tok (Oz)|Tik-Tok]] being "The Royal Army of Oz" derives from ''[[Tik-Tok of Oz]]'' (1914), in which he is made the Royal Army of [[Oogaboo]] and also makes frequent cries of "Pick me up!" That book was itself based on a dramatic production, ''[[The Tik-Tok Man of Oz]]'' (1913). Murch also used the book ''[[Wisconsin Death Trip]]'' as a historical source for the film.<ref>{{cite book | title=The Conversations: Walter Murch and the Art of Editing Film | author=Ondaatje, Michael | year=2002 | page=6}}</ref>
Murch took a darker take on Baum's source material than the 1939 adaptation, which he knew starting out would be a gamble. Between the development period and actual shooting, there was a change of leadership at the Walt Disney studios (with Wilhite replaced by Richard Berger), and the film's budget increased.<ref name="lakelandledger">{{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=rwEhk56xNqMC&dat=19850623&printsec=frontpage&hl=en|title=Lakeland Ledger - Google News Archive Search|website=News.google.com}}</ref> Once shooting began, Murch began to fall behind schedule, and there was further pressure from the studio, leading to Murch being fired as director for a short period.<ref name="lakelandledger" /> High-profile film-makers including [[George Lucas]] and [[Francis Ford Coppola]] supported Murch in discussions with the studio, and Murch was reinstated and finished the film.<ref name="murchinterview" /><ref name="lakelandledger" />
The film was developed and produced without the involvement of [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]], the studio behind the 1939 film. No approval was necessary because, by 1985, the ''Oz'' books on which it was based were in the [[public domain]], and the subsequent ''Oz'' books had been optioned to Disney many years earlier.{{sfn|Arnold|2013|p=537}} The [[ruby slippers]] were created by MGM specifically for the 1939 film to replace the [[Silver Shoes]] of the original stories{{sfn|Wolf|2016|p=186}} and, as the slippers remained MGM's [[intellectual property]], a fee was paid.{{sfn|Arnold|2013|p=537}}
[[Leo McKern]] and [[Christopher Lloyd]] were each considered for the role of Dr. J.B. Worley/The Nome King before Nicol Williamson was cast.{{sfn|Arnold|2013|p=537}}
[[Principal photography]] began on February 20, 1984, and [[Wrap (filmmaking)|wrapped]] in October 1984.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1985/06/16/movies/after-46-years-hollywood-revisits-oz.html</ref>
Balk and Ridley, the only two child actors on set, had limited working hours per day.{{Citation needed|date=March 2020}} Whilst Balk did her own stunts, Ridley had a stand-in. Ridley, who was born in London, had her voice in the film dubbed by Beatrice Murch, daughter of Walter Murch, so that the character of Ozma would have an American-sounding voice.<ref name="ridley_interview_2015">{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TkMNzUtF4ds |title=Return to Oz - Emma Ridley "Ozma" Interview by Ryan Jay |date=September 2015 |access-date=21 March 2020}}</ref>
The [[Emerald City]] scenes towards the end of film had to be fully reshot, as the character of Ozma was originally dressed in a gold lace dress which was deemed unsuitable during post-production. The scenes were reshot with the actress wearing a white and green dress.<ref name="ridley_interview_2015"/> At one point during filming these scenes, Balk collapsed due to the high on-set temperature.{{sfn|Arnold|2013|p=536}}
==Release==
===Theatrical===
''Return to Oz'' had its world premiere in the United States on June 21, 1985.
===Home media===
The film has been released to [[VHS]], [[Betamax]], [[Laserdisc]], [[DVD]], and [[Blu-ray]] over the years. The initial release, to VHS, Laserdisc, and Beta, occurred in December 1985 shortly after the theatrical release, with the VHS initially priced with a list price of $79.95. Disney reissued it in 1992 with alternate cover art. In 1999, [[Anchor Bay Entertainment]], who had obtained the home video rights to several titles from Disney's live-action catalogue, issued the film on full-screen and letterbox VHS, as well as a DVD release featuring both versions. All three releases featured an intro by Fairuza Balk before the film and an interview featurette with her after it. All three versions went out of print shortly after their release.
In 2004, Disney released their own DVD, which dropped the Anchor Bay disc's fullscreen version and added anamorphic enhancement for 16:9 TVs for the widescreen version, upgraded the audio to 5.1 surround, retained the Anchor Bay disc's extras, and added four TV spots and a theatrical trailer. In 2015, Disney released a 30th Anniversary Edition of the film on Blu-ray exclusively through the Disney Movie Club, featuring a newly remastered and cleaned up transfer and DTS Master Audio 5.1 sound, but none of the bonus features from the 2004 DVD.
It is featured in the "From the Vault" Film section of Disney's streaming platform, Disney+.
==Reception==
===Box office===
It earned $2,844,895 in its opening weekend, finishing in seventh place.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1985&wknd=25&p=.htm|title=Weekend Box Office Results for June 21-23, 1985 - Box Office Mojo|website=Boxofficemojo.com}}</ref> It ultimately grossed $11,137,801 in North America.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=returntooz.htm|title=Return to Oz (1985) - Box Office Mojo|website=Boxofficemojo.com}}</ref>
===Critical response===
The film received mixed reviews. The [[film-critics|film critics]] aggregator [[Rotten Tomatoes]] records 53% positive reviews based on 33 reviews, its critical consensus reads: "''Return to Oz'' taps into the darker side of L. Frank Baum's book series with an intermittently dazzling adventure that never quite recaptures the magic of its classic predecessor."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1017488_return_to_oz|title=Return to Oz (1985)|website=Rottentomatoes.com}}</ref> Those who were familiar with the [[Oz books]] praised its faithfulness to the source material of [[L. Frank Baum]] such as author and critic [[Harlan Ellison]] who said, “It ain’t Judy Garland. It ain’t hip-hop. But it’s in the tradition of the original Oz books.”<ref> https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=6YU0jzpUhv4 </ref> However, many critics described its tone and overall content as slightly too dark and intense for young children. "Children are sure to be startled by its bleakness," said ''[[The New York Times]]''' [[Janet Maslin]].<ref>{{cite news | first=Janet | last=Maslin | title=A New 'Oz' Gives Dorothy New Friends | date=1985-06-21 | url =https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9F03EFD91039F932A15755C0A963948260 | work =New York Times | access-date = 2010-01-13 }}</ref> Ian Nathan of ''[[Empire Magazine]]'' gave the film a three out of five stars, saying: "This is not so much a sequel but an homage and not a good one."<ref>https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/return-oz-review/</ref> Canadian film critic [[Jay Scott]] felt the protagonists were too creepy and weird for viewers to relate or sympathize with: "Dorothy's friends are as weird as her enemies, which is faithful to the original Oz books but turns out not to be a virtue on film, where the eerie has a tendency to remain eerie no matter how often we're told it's not."<ref>{{cite news | first=Jay | last=Scott | title=Return to Oz | url =http://www.metacritic.com/movie/return-to-oz/critic-reviews | work =Globe and Mail | access-date = 2010-01-13 }}</ref> "It's bleak, creepy, and occasionally terrifying," added Dave Kehr of the ''[[Chicago Reader]]''.<ref>{{cite news | first=Dave | last=Kehr | title=Return to Oz | url =http://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/return-to-oz/Film?oid=1073337 | work =The Globe and Mail | access-date = 2010-01-13 }}</ref> [[Amelie Gillette]] of ''[[The A.V. Club]]'' frequently refers to its dark nature as unsuitable for its intended audience of young children<ref name="auto">{{cite web | url=https://www.avclub.com/articles/childhood-scares,26455/ | title=Childhood Scares | publisher=A.V Scares | date=April 10, 2009 | access-date=January 14, 2012}}</ref> although it had been one of her favorite movies growing up.<ref name="auto"/>
===Awards===
The film received an [[Academy Award]] nomination for Best Visual Effects, but lost to ''[[Cocoon (film)|Cocoon]]''. Fairuza Balk and Emma Ridley were nominated for [[Young Artist Awards]] and multiple [[Young Artist Awards|Youthies]]. It received two [[Saturn Award]] nominations for Best Fantasy Film (losing to ''[[Ladyhawke (film)|Ladyhawke]]'') and Best Younger Actor for Fairuza Balk (who lost to [[Barret Oliver]] for ''[[D.A.R.Y.L.]]'').
==Attraction==
The film's interpretation of Oz is featured in the [[Storybook Land Canal Boats]] attraction at [[Disneyland Park (Paris)|Disneyland Park]] in [[Disneyland Paris|Paris]].
==References==
'''Citations'''
{{reflist|32em}}
'''Sources'''
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Wolf |first=Mark |title=Revisiting Imaginary Worlds: A Subcreation Studies Anthology |year=2016 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MTQlDwAAQBAJ |isbn=9781317375944 }}
* {{cite book |last=Arnold |first=Mark |title=Frozen in Ice: The Story of Walt Disney Productions, 1966-1985 |year=2013 |publisher=BearManor Media |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sz1KDwAAQBAJ }}
{{refend}}
==External links==
{{Portal|1980s|Film|United States}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{IMDb title|0089908|Return to Oz}}
* {{allrovi movie|41132|Return to Oz}}
* {{rotten-tomatoes|1017488-return_to_oz|Return to Oz}}
* {{mojo title|returntooz|Return to Oz}}
{{The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)}}
{{Oz}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Return To Oz}}
[[Category:1985 films]]
[[Category:1980s fantasy adventure films]]
[[Category:American films]]
[[Category:American fantasy adventure films]]
[[Category:American sequel films]]
[[Category:British films]]
[[Category:British fantasy adventure films]]
[[Category:British sequel films]]
[[Category:American dark fantasy films]]
[[Category:Films shot at Elstree Studios]]
[[Category:Films shot in Hertfordshire]]
[[Category:Films using stop-motion animation]]
[[Category:Films about psychiatry]]
[[Category:Films based on American novels]]
[[Category:Films based on fantasy novels]]
[[Category:Films based on multiple works of a series]]
[[Category:Films set in 1899]]
[[Category:Films set in Kansas]]
[[Category:Films with live action and animation]]
[[Category:Films based on The Wizard of Oz]]
[[Category:Walt Disney Pictures films]]
[[Category:Films set in psychiatric hospitals]]
[[Category:Apocalyptic films]]
[[Category:Films about witchcraft]]
[[Category:Films based on works by L. Frank Baum]]
[[Category:Films scored by David Shire]]
[[Category:Unofficial sequel films]]
[[Category:1985 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:Films produced by Paul Maslansky]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Short description|1985 film directed by Walter Murch}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Return to Oz
| image = Returntoozposter.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster by [[Drew Struzan]]
| director = [[Walter Murch]]
| producer = [[Paul Maslansky]]
| screenplay = Walter Murch <br/> [[Gill Dennis]]
| story = [[Gill Dennis]]
| based_on = {{based on|''[[The Marvelous Land of Oz]]'' and ''[[Ozma of Oz]]''|[[L. Frank Baum]]}}
| starring = {{Plainlist|<!--Per poster billing-->
* [[Nicol Williamson]]
* [[Jean Marsh]]
* [[Piper Laurie]]
* [[Fairuza Balk]]
}}
| music = [[David Shire]]
| cinematography = [[David Watkin (cinematographer)|David Watkin]]<br />[[Freddie Francis]] (uncredited)
| editing = Leslie Hodgson
| studio = [[Walt Disney Pictures]]<br />[[Silver Screen Partners ]]
| distributor = [[Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures|Buena Vista Distribution]]
| released = {{film date|1985|6|21|United States}}
| runtime = 113 minutes
| country = United States<br/>United Kingdom
| language = English
| budget = $28 million<ref>{{cite news|title= Disasters Outnumber Movie Hits|work= [[South Florida Sun-Sentinel]]|url= http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1985-09-04/features/8502060585_1_ticket-million-box-office|access-date=2012-06-05}}</ref>
| gross = $11.1 million (USA)
}}
'''''Return to Oz''''' is a 1985 British-American [[dark fantasy|dark]] [[fantasy film]] released by [[Walt Disney Pictures]], directed and written by [[Walter Murch]], co-written by [[Gill Dennis]] and produced by [[Paul Maslansky]]. It stars [[Nicol Williamson]], [[Jean Marsh]], [[Piper Laurie]], and [[Fairuza Balk]] as [[Dorothy Gale]] in her first screen role. The film is an [[unofficial sequel]] to the 1939 [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] film ''[[The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)|The Wizard of Oz]],'' and it is based on [[L. Frank Baum]]'s early 20th century [[List of Oz books|''Oz'' novels]], mainly ''[[The Marvelous Land of Oz]]'' (1904) and ''[[Ozma of Oz]]'' (1907). In the plot, Dorothy returns to the [[Land of Oz]] to find it has been conquered by the [[Nome King]], and she must restore it with her new friends [[Tik-Tok (Oz)|Tik-Tok]], [[Jack Pumpkinhead]], and [[Princess Ozma]].
In 1954, Walt Disney Productions bought the film rights to Baum's remaining ''Oz'' books to use in the television series ''[[Walt Disney anthology television series|Disneyland]];'' this led to the live-action film ''[[Rainbow Road to Oz]]'', which was never completed. Murch suggested making another ''Oz'' film in 1980. Disney approved the project as they were due to lose the film rights to the series. Though MGM was not involved in the production, Disney had to pay a large fee to use the [[ruby slippers]] created for the 1939 film. ''Return to Oz'' fell behind schedule during production, and, following a change of Disney management, Murch was briefly fired from the project.
''Return to Oz'' was released in theaters on June 21, 1985. It [[Box-office bomb|performed poorly at the box office]], grossing $11.1 million in the United States on a $28 million budget, and received mixed reviews, with critics praising the effects and performances but criticizing the dark content and twisted visuals. However, it performed well outside the U.S and has since acquired a [[cult film|cult following]].<ref name="Geraghty">{{cite book | last =Geraghty | first =Lincoln | title =American Hollywood | publisher = Intellect Books | date =2011 | isbn =978-1-84150-415-5| page =187}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etonline.com/movies/131252_Return_to_Oz_Flashback_with_Fairuza_Balk/index.html?viewFull=true|title=Flashback Exclusive: A 'Return to Oz'|last=Weiner|first=David|date=March 5, 2013|work=ET Online|access-date=March 15, 2013}}</ref> It received an [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] nomination for [[Academy Award for Best Visual Effects|Best Visual Effects]].
==Plot==
<!--KEEP THIS SHORT. Per WP:FILMPLOT, plots are 400-700 words only-->
In October 1899, [[Dorothy Gale]] still talks of her adventure in the [[Land of Oz]], troubling her [[Aunt Em]] and [[Uncle Henry (Oz)|Uncle Henry]], who believe she is fantasizing. In her yard, she finds a key with an Oz insignia. Aunt Em takes her to Dr. J.B. Worley for [[electrotherapy]], leaving her under the care of Nurse Wilson. As Dorothy is about to receive treatment, the asylum is struck by lightning and the power fails. Dorothy is freed from her restraints by a mysterious girl who tells her that Dr Worley's machines damage the patients. They escape, with Nurse Wilson in pursuit, and fall into a river. Dorothy clambers aboard a chicken coop, but the other girl vanishes.
Dorothy wakes up in Oz with her chicken Billina, who can now talk. They find the [[Emerald City]] in ruins and its citizens except the Scarecrow have been turned to stone. Cornered by Wheelers, menacing people with wheels instead of hands and feet, they escape into a room as Dorothy opens a door with the Oz key. They meet a mechanical man, [[Tik-Tok (Oz)|Tik-Tok]], who defeats the Wheelers and learns from the Lead Wheeler that King [[Scarecrow (Oz)|Scarecrow]] has been captured by the [[Nome King]], who is responsible for the Emerald City's destruction.
They encounter [[Mombi]] in the royal palace, who decides to imprison Dorothy to take her head for her collection. In a locked room at the top of the palace, Dorothy, Billina, and Tik-Tok meet [[Jack Pumpkinhead]], who explains he was brought to life via Mombi's [[Land of Oz#Powder of Life|Powder of Life]], which gives them an idea of how to escape. They assemble a creature with furniture, rope, and the head of a moose-like animal called the [[List of Oz characters (created by Baum)#The Gump|Gump]]. Dorothy steals the Powder of Life from Mombi, but awakes her many heads, then rushes back to her friends to use the powder to bring the Gump to life. As he flies them across the [[Deadly Desert]], Mombi sends the Wheelers after them, but half of them are killed by turning into sand by touching the Deadly Desert. The next day the remaining Wheelers take Mombi the safe route (The Nome King's Tunnel) towards the Nome King's Mountain.
A tired Gump crashes on the mountain of the Nome King, who creates an earthquake to bring them all underground. There he tells Dorothy that he has turned the Scarecrow into an ornament and challenges Dorothy and her companions to identify which ornament; if they can't after three guesses, they will become ornaments themselves. After the Gump, Jack and Tik-Tok each fail, the Nome King offers to return Dorothy home using her lost [[ruby slippers]], but Dorothy refuses. She enters the ornament room and gets her first two guesses wrong as Mombi arrives at the mountain with the Wheelers. Mombi then talks to the Nome King.
With her third guess, Dorothy finds the Scarecrow and realizes the people of Oz turn into green ornaments, going on to restore Jack and Gump. Enraged, the Nome King imprisons Mombi for allowing Dorothy's escape, then assumes a giant form in order to prevent the others from leaving. He prepares to eat Jack but Billina, hiding in Jack's head, lays an egg which falls into the Nome King's mouth. As eggs are poisonous to Nomes, the Nome King and all of his kingdom begin to crumble.
As the mountain starts to collapse around them, Dorothy finds the ruby slippers. She quickly puts them on and wishes for the group to be returned to a restored Emerald City. There, they mourn the loss of Tik-Tok until Billina notices a green medal stuck on one of the Gump's antlers. Dorothy restores him. At a celebration, Dorothy is asked to be Queen of Oz but she instead wants to return to Kansas. [[Princess Ozma]], the rightful ruler of Oz imprisoned in a mirror by Mombi, is now free to take her place on the throne of Oz. Dorothy hands over the ruby slippers to Ozma, who sends Dorothy home, while Billina remains behind in Oz.
In Kansas, Dorothy's family finds her on a riverbank. Aunt Em reveals that Worley's hospital was struck by lightning and burned down, and Worley died trying to save his machines. They see Nurse Wilson locked in a cage on a police buggy. In the farmhouse, now complete, Dorothy can still see Billina and Ozma in Oz through her bedroom mirror, who tell her she can return to Oz at any time.
==Cast==
===Live action===
{{Cast listing|
* [[Fairuza Balk]] as [[Dorothy Gale]]
* [[Nicol Williamson]] as Dr. J.B. Worley/[[Nome King]]
* [[Jean Marsh]] as Nurse Wilson/[[Mombi]]
**[[Sophie Ward]] as Mombi II
** [[Fiona Victory]] as Mombi IV
* [[Piper Laurie]] as [[Aunt Em]]
* [[Matt Clark (actor)|Matt Clark]] as [[Uncle Henry (Oz)|Uncle Henry]]
* Emma Ridley as the Girl at the hospital/[[Princess Ozma]]
* Justin Case as the [[Scarecrow (Oz)|Scarecrow]]
* [[Pons Maar]] as Lead Wheeler/Nurse Wilson's assistant
* [[Bruce Boa]] as Policeman
* Tansy as [[Toto (Oz)|Toto]]
* John Alexander, Rachael Ashton, Robbie Barnett, Ailsa Berk, Peter Elliott, Roger Ennals, Michele Hine, Mark Hopkins, Colin Skeaping, Ken Stevens, Philip Tan and Rob Thirtle as the Wheelers
}}
===Voice cast===
{{Cast listing|
* [[Denise Bryer]] as Billina
* [[Sean Barrett (actor)|Sean Barrett]] as Tik-Tok
* [[Brian Henson]] as Jack Pumpkinhead
* Lyle Conway as the Gump
* [[Pons Maar]] as Nome Messenger
* [[Mel Blanc]] and [[Frank Welker]] as [[Toto (Oz)|Toto]] (uncredited)
* Beatrice Murch as Princess Ozma (uncredited)
}}
===Puppeteers===
{{Cast listing|
* [[Mak Wilson]] as [[Billina]]
* [[Timothy D. Rose]] as [[Tik-Tok (Oz)|Tik-Tok]] (head operator)
* [[Michael Sundin]] as Tik-Tok (in-suit performer)
* [[Brian Henson]] and Stewart Larange as [[Jack Pumpkinhead]]
* Lyle Conway and [[Stephen Norrington|Steve Norrington]] as [[The Gump]]
* [[Deep Roy]] as the [[Tin Woodman|Tin Man]]
* John Alexander as the [[Cowardly Lion]]
}}
==Production==
[[Walter Murch]] began development of ''Return to Oz'' in 1980, during a brain-storming session with [[Walt Disney Pictures|Walt Disney Productions]] production chief Tom Wilhite. Murch told Wilhite he was interested in making an ''Oz'' film and Wilhite "sort of straightened up in his chair". Unbeknownst to Murch, Disney owned the rights to the ''Oz'' series and wanted to make a new film as the [[copyright]] was soon to expire.<ref name="murchinterview">{{cite news|url=http://www.filmfreakcentral.net/ffc/2012/05/a-conversation-ffc-interviews-walter-murch.html|title=A Conversation with Walter Murch|last=Chambers|first=Bill|date=May 9, 2000|work=Film Freak Central|access-date=2010-01-13}}</ref> Five weeks into production, Disney was unhappy with the footage and fired Murch. Filmmaker [[George Lucas]] convinced them to reinstate him after reviewing the footage and guaranteeing that he would step in as replacement if any further problems emerged.<ref name="murchinterview" />
''Return to Oz'' is based on the second and third ''Oz'' books, ''[[The Marvelous Land of Oz]]'' (1904) and ''[[Ozma of Oz]]'' (1907). The element about [[Tik-Tok (Oz)|Tik-Tok]] being "The Royal Army of Oz" derives from ''[[Tik-Tok of Oz]]'' (1914), in which he is made the Royal Army of [[Oogaboo]] and also makes frequent cries of "Pick me up!" That book was itself based on a dramatic production, ''[[The Tik-Tok Man of Oz]]'' (1913). Murch also used the book ''[[Wisconsin Death Trip]]'' as a historical source for the film.<ref>{{cite book | title=The Conversations: Walter Murch and the Art of Editing Film | author=Ondaatje, Michael | year=2002 | page=6}}</ref>
Murch took a darker take on Baum's source material than the 1939 adaptation, which he knew starting out would be a gamble. Between the development period and actual shooting, there was a change of leadership at the Walt Disney studios (with Wilhite replaced by Richard Berger), and the film's budget increased.<ref name="lakelandledger">{{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=rwEhk56xNqMC&dat=19850623&printsec=frontpage&hl=en|title=Lakeland Ledger - Google News Archive Search|website=News.google.com}}</ref> Once shooting began, Murch began to fall behind schedule, and there was further pressure from the studio, leading to Murch being fired as director for a short period.<ref name="lakelandledger" /> High-profile film-makers including [[George Lucas]] and [[Francis Ford Coppola]] supported Murch in discussions with the studio, and Murch was reinstated and finished the film.<ref name="murchinterview" /><ref name="lakelandledger" />
The film was developed and produced without the involvement of [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]], the studio behind the 1939 film. No approval was necessary because, by 1985, the ''Oz'' books on which it was based were in the [[public domain]], and the subsequent ''Oz'' books had been optioned to Disney many years earlier.{{sfn|Arnold|2013|p=537}} The [[ruby slippers]] were created by MGM specifically for the 1939 film to replace the [[Silver Shoes]] of the original stories{{sfn|Wolf|2016|p=186}} and, as the slippers remained MGM's [[intellectual property]], a fee was paid.{{sfn|Arnold|2013|p=537}}
[[Leo McKern]] and [[Christopher Lloyd]] were each considered for the role of Dr. J.B. Worley/The Nome King before Nicol Williamson was cast.{{sfn|Arnold|2013|p=537}}
[[Principal photography]] began on February 20, 1984, and [[Wrap (filmmaking)|wrapped]] in October 1984.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1985/06/16/movies/after-46-years-hollywood-revisits-oz.html</ref>
Balk and Ridley, the only two child actors on set, had limited working hours per day.{{Citation needed|date=March 2020}} Whilst Balk did her own stunts, Ridley had a stand-in. Ridley, who was born in London, had her voice in the film dubbed by Beatrice Murch, daughter of Walter Murch, so that the character of Ozma would have an American-sounding voice.<ref name="ridley_interview_2015">{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TkMNzUtF4ds |title=Return to Oz - Emma Ridley "Ozma" Interview by Ryan Jay |date=September 2015 |access-date=21 March 2020}}</ref>
The [[Emerald City]] scenes towards the end of film had to be fully reshot, as the character of Ozma was originally dressed in a gold lace dress which was deemed unsuitable during post-production. The scenes were reshot with the actress wearing a white and green dress.<ref name="ridley_interview_2015"/> At one point during filming these scenes, Balk collapsed due to the high on-set temperature.{{sfn|Arnold|2013|p=536}}
==Release==
===Theatrical===
''Return to Oz'' had its world premiere in the United States on June 21, 1985.
===Home media===
The film has been released to [[VHS]], [[Betamax]], [[Laserdisc]], [[DVD]], and [[Blu-ray]] over the years. The initial release, to VHS, Laserdisc, and Beta, occurred in December 1985 shortly after the theatrical release, with the VHS initially priced with a list price of $79.95. Disney reissued it in 1992 with alternate cover art. In 1999, [[Anchor Bay Entertainment]], who had obtained the home video rights to several titles from Disney's live-action catalogue, issued the film on full-screen and letterbox VHS, as well as a DVD release featuring both versions. All three releases featured an intro by Fairuza Balk before the film and an interview featurette with her after it. All three versions went out of print shortly after their release.
In 2004, Disney released their own DVD, which dropped the Anchor Bay disc's fullscreen version and added anamorphic enhancement for 16:9 TVs for the widescreen version, upgraded the audio to 5.1 surround, retained the Anchor Bay disc's extras, and added four TV spots and a theatrical trailer. In 2015, Disney released a 30th Anniversary Edition of the film on Blu-ray exclusively through the Disney Movie Club, featuring a newly remastered and cleaned up transfer and DTS Master Audio 5.1 sound, but none of the bonus features from the 2004 DVD.
It is featured in the "From the Vault" Film section of Disney's streaming platform, Disney+.
==Reception==
===Box office===
It earned $2,844,895 in its opening weekend, finishing in seventh place.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1985&wknd=25&p=.htm|title=Weekend Box Office Results for June 21-23, 1985 - Box Office Mojo|website=Boxofficemojo.com}}</ref> It ultimately grossed $11,137,801 in North America.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=returntooz.htm|title=Return to Oz (1985) - Box Office Mojo|website=Boxofficemojo.com}}</ref>
===Critical response===
The film received mixed reviews. The [[film-critics|film critics]] aggregator [[Rotten Tomatoes]] records 53% positive reviews based on 33 reviews, its critical consensus reads: "''Return to Oz'' taps into the darker side of L. Frank Baum's book series with an intermittently dazzling adventure that never quite recaptures the magic of its classic predecessor."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1017488_return_to_oz|title=Return to Oz (1985)|website=Rottentomatoes.com}}</ref> Those who were familiar with the [[Oz books]] praised its faithfulness to the source material of [[L. Frank Baum]] such as author and critic [[Harlan Ellison]] who said, “It ain’t Judy Garland. It ain’t hip-hop. But it’s in the tradition of the original Oz books.”<ref> https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=6YU0jzpUhv4 </ref> However, many critics described its tone and overall content as slightly too dark and intense for young children. "Children are sure to be startled by its bleakness," said ''[[The New York Times]]''' [[Janet Maslin]].<ref>{{cite news | first=Janet | last=Maslin | title=A New 'Oz' Gives Dorothy New Friends | date=1985-06-21 | url =https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9F03EFD91039F932A15755C0A963948260 | work =New York Times | access-date = 2010-01-13 }}</ref> Ian Nathan of ''[[Empire Magazine]]'' gave the film a three out of five stars, saying: "This is not so much a sequel but an homage and not a good one."<ref>https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/return-oz-review/</ref> Canadian film critic [[Jay Scott]] felt the protagonists were too creepy and weird for viewers to relate or sympathize with: "Dorothy's friends are as weird as her enemies, which is faithful to the original Oz books but turns out not to be a virtue on film, where the eerie has a tendency to remain eerie no matter how often we're told it's not."<ref>{{cite news | first=Jay | last=Scott | title=Return to Oz | url =http://www.metacritic.com/movie/return-to-oz/critic-reviews | work =Globe and Mail | access-date = 2010-01-13 }}</ref> "It's bleak, creepy, and occasionally terrifying," added Dave Kehr of the ''[[Chicago Reader]]''.<ref>{{cite news | first=Dave | last=Kehr | title=Return to Oz | url =http://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/return-to-oz/Film?oid=1073337 | work =The Globe and Mail | access-date = 2010-01-13 }}</ref> [[Amelie Gillette]] of ''[[The A.V. Club]]'' frequently refers to its dark nature as unsuitable for its intended audience of young children<ref name="auto">{{cite web | url=https://www.avclub.com/articles/childhood-scares,26455/ | title=Childhood Scares | publisher=A.V Scares | date=April 10, 2009 | access-date=January 14, 2012}}</ref> although it had been one of her favorite movies growing up.<ref name="auto"/>
===Awards===
The film received an [[Academy Award]] nomination for Best Visual Effects, but lost to ''[[Cocoon (film)|Cocoon]]''. Fairuza Balk and Emma Ridley were nominated for [[Young Artist Awards]] and multiple [[Young Artist Awards|Youthies]]. It received two [[Saturn Award]] nominations for Best Fantasy Film (losing to ''[[Ladyhawke (film)|Ladyhawke]]'') and Best Younger Actor for Fairuza Balk (who lost to [[Barret Oliver]] for ''[[D.A.R.Y.L.]]'').
==Attraction==
The film's interpretation of Oz is featured in the [[Storybook Land Canal Boats]] attraction at [[Disneyland Park (Paris)|Disneyland Park]] in [[Disneyland Paris|Paris]].
==References==
'''Citations'''
{{reflist|32em}}
'''Sources'''
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Wolf |first=Mark |title=Revisiting Imaginary Worlds: A Subcreation Studies Anthology |year=2016 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MTQlDwAAQBAJ |isbn=9781317375944 }}
* {{cite book |last=Arnold |first=Mark |title=Frozen in Ice: The Story of Walt Disney Productions, 1966-1985 |year=2013 |publisher=BearManor Media |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sz1KDwAAQBAJ }}
{{refend}}
==External links==
{{Portal|1980s|Film|United States}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{IMDb title|0089908|Return to Oz}}
* {{allrovi movie|41132|Return to Oz}}
* {{rotten-tomatoes|1017488-return_to_oz|Return to Oz}}
* {{mojo title|returntooz|Return to Oz}}
{{The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)}}
{{Oz}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Return To Oz}}
[[Category:1985 films]]
[[Category:1980s fantasy adventure films]]
[[Category:American films]]
[[Category:American fantasy adventure films]]
[[Category:American sequel films]]
[[Category:British films]]
[[Category:British fantasy adventure films]]
[[Category:British sequel films]]
[[Category:American dark fantasy films]]
[[Category:Films shot at Elstree Studios]]
[[Category:Films shot in Hertfordshire]]
[[Category:Films using stop-motion animation]]
[[Category:Films about psychiatry]]
[[Category:Films based on American novels]]
[[Category:Films based on fantasy novels]]
[[Category:Films based on multiple works of a series]]
[[Category:Films set in 1899]]
[[Category:Films set in Kansas]]
[[Category:Films with live action and animation]]
[[Category:Films based on The Wizard of Oz]]
[[Category:Walt Disney Pictures films]]
[[Category:Films set in psychiatric hospitals]]
[[Category:Apocalyptic films]]
[[Category:Films about witchcraft]]
[[Category:Films based on works by L. Frank Baum]]
[[Category:Films scored by David Shire]]
[[Category:Unofficial sequel films]]
[[Category:1985 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:Films produced by Paul Maslansky]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -75,4 +75,5 @@
* Lyle Conway as the Gump
* [[Pons Maar]] as Nome Messenger
+* [[Mel Blanc]] and [[Frank Welker]] as [[Toto (Oz)|Toto]] (uncredited)
* Beatrice Murch as Princess Ozma (uncredited)
}}
' |
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1985 film directed by Walter Murch</div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Return_to_Oz_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Return to Oz (disambiguation)">Return to Oz (disambiguation)</a>.</div>
<table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em;font-size:90%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="summary" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-size:110%;font-style:italic;">Return to Oz</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Returntoozposter.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Returntoozposter.jpg" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/Returntoozposter.jpg/220px-Returntoozposter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="326" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/6/69/Returntoozposter.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="259" data-file-height="384" /></a><div style="font-size:95%;padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;">Theatrical release poster by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Drew_Struzan" title="Drew Struzan">Drew Struzan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Directed by</th><td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walter_Murch" title="Walter Murch">Walter Murch</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Produced by</th><td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paul_Maslansky" title="Paul Maslansky">Paul Maslansky</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Screenplay by</th><td>Walter Murch <br /> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gill_Dennis" title="Gill Dennis">Gill Dennis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Story by</th><td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gill_Dennis" title="Gill Dennis">Gill Dennis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Based on</th><td><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz" title="The Marvelous Land of Oz">The Marvelous Land of Oz</a></i> and <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ozma_of_Oz" title="Ozma of Oz">Ozma of Oz</a></i><br />by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Starring</th><td><div class="plainlist">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nicol_Williamson" title="Nicol Williamson">Nicol Williamson</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jean_Marsh" title="Jean Marsh">Jean Marsh</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piper_Laurie" title="Piper Laurie">Piper Laurie</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fairuza_Balk" title="Fairuza Balk">Fairuza Balk</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Music by</th><td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/David_Shire" title="David Shire">David Shire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/David_Watkin_(cinematographer)" title="David Watkin (cinematographer)">David Watkin</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Freddie_Francis" title="Freddie Francis">Freddie Francis</a> (uncredited)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Edited by</th><td>Leslie Hodgson</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Production<br />companies </div></th><td><div style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures" title="Walt Disney Pictures">Walt Disney Pictures</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Silver_Screen_Partners" title="Silver Screen Partners">Silver Screen Partners </a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_Motion_Pictures" title="Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures">Buena Vista Distribution</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;white-space:normal;">Release date</div></th><td><div class="plainlist">
<ul><li>June 21, 1985<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1985-06-21</span>)</span> (United States)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;white-space:normal;">Running time</div></th><td>113 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Countries</th><td>United States<br />United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Language</th><td>English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td>$28 million<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Box office</th><td>$11.1 million (USA)</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><i><b>Return to Oz</b></i> is a 1985 British-American <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dark_fantasy" title="Dark fantasy">dark</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fantasy_film" title="Fantasy film">fantasy film</a> released by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures" title="Walt Disney Pictures">Walt Disney Pictures</a>, directed and written by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walter_Murch" title="Walter Murch">Walter Murch</a>, co-written by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gill_Dennis" title="Gill Dennis">Gill Dennis</a> and produced by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paul_Maslansky" title="Paul Maslansky">Paul Maslansky</a>. It stars <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nicol_Williamson" title="Nicol Williamson">Nicol Williamson</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jean_Marsh" title="Jean Marsh">Jean Marsh</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piper_Laurie" title="Piper Laurie">Piper Laurie</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fairuza_Balk" title="Fairuza Balk">Fairuza Balk</a> as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_Gale" title="Dorothy Gale">Dorothy Gale</a> in her first screen role. The film is an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Unofficial_sequel" class="mw-redirect" title="Unofficial sequel">unofficial sequel</a> to the 1939 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> film <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a>,</i> and it is based on <a href="/enwiki/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a>'s early 20th century <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Oz_books" title="List of Oz books"><i>Oz</i> novels</a>, mainly <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz" title="The Marvelous Land of Oz">The Marvelous Land of Oz</a></i> (1904) and <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ozma_of_Oz" title="Ozma of Oz">Ozma of Oz</a></i> (1907). In the plot, Dorothy returns to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Land_of_Oz" title="Land of Oz">Land of Oz</a> to find it has been conquered by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nome_King" title="Nome King">Nome King</a>, and she must restore it with her new friends <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tik-Tok_(Oz)" title="Tik-Tok (Oz)">Tik-Tok</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jack_Pumpkinhead" title="Jack Pumpkinhead">Jack Pumpkinhead</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Princess_Ozma" title="Princess Ozma">Princess Ozma</a>.
</p><p>In 1954, Walt Disney Productions bought the film rights to Baum's remaining <i>Oz</i> books to use in the television series <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walt_Disney_anthology_television_series" title="Walt Disney anthology television series">Disneyland</a>;</i> this led to the live-action film <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rainbow_Road_to_Oz" title="Rainbow Road to Oz">Rainbow Road to Oz</a></i>, which was never completed. Murch suggested making another <i>Oz</i> film in 1980. Disney approved the project as they were due to lose the film rights to the series. Though MGM was not involved in the production, Disney had to pay a large fee to use the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ruby_slippers" title="Ruby slippers">ruby slippers</a> created for the 1939 film. <i>Return to Oz</i> fell behind schedule during production, and, following a change of Disney management, Murch was briefly fired from the project.
</p><p><i>Return to Oz</i> was released in theaters on June 21, 1985. It <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Box-office_bomb" title="Box-office bomb">performed poorly at the box office</a>, grossing $11.1 million in the United States on a $28 million budget, and received mixed reviews, with critics praising the effects and performances but criticizing the dark content and twisted visuals. However, it performed well outside the U.S and has since acquired a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">cult following</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Geraghty_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geraghty-2">[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> It received an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscar</a> nomination for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" title="Academy Award for Best Visual Effects">Best Visual Effects</a>.
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Plot"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Plot</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Cast"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Cast</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Live_action"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Live action</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Voice_cast"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Voice cast</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Puppeteers"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Puppeteers</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Production"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Production</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Release"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Release</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Theatrical"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Theatrical</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Home_media"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Home media</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Reception"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Reception</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Box_office"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Box office</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Critical_response"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Critical response</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Awards"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Awards</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Attraction"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Attraction</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Plot">Plot</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>In October 1899, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_Gale" title="Dorothy Gale">Dorothy Gale</a> still talks of her adventure in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Land_of_Oz" title="Land of Oz">Land of Oz</a>, troubling her <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aunt_Em" title="Aunt Em">Aunt Em</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Uncle_Henry_(Oz)" title="Uncle Henry (Oz)">Uncle Henry</a>, who believe she is fantasizing. In her yard, she finds a key with an Oz insignia. Aunt Em takes her to Dr. J.B. Worley for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electrotherapy" title="Electrotherapy">electrotherapy</a>, leaving her under the care of Nurse Wilson. As Dorothy is about to receive treatment, the asylum is struck by lightning and the power fails. Dorothy is freed from her restraints by a mysterious girl who tells her that Dr Worley's machines damage the patients. They escape, with Nurse Wilson in pursuit, and fall into a river. Dorothy clambers aboard a chicken coop, but the other girl vanishes.
</p><p>Dorothy wakes up in Oz with her chicken Billina, who can now talk. They find the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emerald_City" title="Emerald City">Emerald City</a> in ruins and its citizens except the Scarecrow have been turned to stone. Cornered by Wheelers, menacing people with wheels instead of hands and feet, they escape into a room as Dorothy opens a door with the Oz key. They meet a mechanical man, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tik-Tok_(Oz)" title="Tik-Tok (Oz)">Tik-Tok</a>, who defeats the Wheelers and learns from the Lead Wheeler that King <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scarecrow_(Oz)" title="Scarecrow (Oz)">Scarecrow</a> has been captured by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nome_King" title="Nome King">Nome King</a>, who is responsible for the Emerald City's destruction.
</p><p>They encounter <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mombi" title="Mombi">Mombi</a> in the royal palace, who decides to imprison Dorothy to take her head for her collection. In a locked room at the top of the palace, Dorothy, Billina, and Tik-Tok meet <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jack_Pumpkinhead" title="Jack Pumpkinhead">Jack Pumpkinhead</a>, who explains he was brought to life via Mombi's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Land_of_Oz#Powder_of_Life" title="Land of Oz">Powder of Life</a>, which gives them an idea of how to escape. They assemble a creature with furniture, rope, and the head of a moose-like animal called the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Oz_characters_(created_by_Baum)#The_Gump" title="List of Oz characters (created by Baum)">Gump</a>. Dorothy steals the Powder of Life from Mombi, but awakes her many heads, then rushes back to her friends to use the powder to bring the Gump to life. As he flies them across the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deadly_Desert" title="Deadly Desert">Deadly Desert</a>, Mombi sends the Wheelers after them, but half of them are killed by turning into sand by touching the Deadly Desert. The next day the remaining Wheelers take Mombi the safe route (The Nome King's Tunnel) towards the Nome King's Mountain.
</p><p>A tired Gump crashes on the mountain of the Nome King, who creates an earthquake to bring them all underground. There he tells Dorothy that he has turned the Scarecrow into an ornament and challenges Dorothy and her companions to identify which ornament; if they can't after three guesses, they will become ornaments themselves. After the Gump, Jack and Tik-Tok each fail, the Nome King offers to return Dorothy home using her lost <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ruby_slippers" title="Ruby slippers">ruby slippers</a>, but Dorothy refuses. She enters the ornament room and gets her first two guesses wrong as Mombi arrives at the mountain with the Wheelers. Mombi then talks to the Nome King.
</p><p>With her third guess, Dorothy finds the Scarecrow and realizes the people of Oz turn into green ornaments, going on to restore Jack and Gump. Enraged, the Nome King imprisons Mombi for allowing Dorothy's escape, then assumes a giant form in order to prevent the others from leaving. He prepares to eat Jack but Billina, hiding in Jack's head, lays an egg which falls into the Nome King's mouth. As eggs are poisonous to Nomes, the Nome King and all of his kingdom begin to crumble.
</p><p>As the mountain starts to collapse around them, Dorothy finds the ruby slippers. She quickly puts them on and wishes for the group to be returned to a restored Emerald City. There, they mourn the loss of Tik-Tok until Billina notices a green medal stuck on one of the Gump's antlers. Dorothy restores him. At a celebration, Dorothy is asked to be Queen of Oz but she instead wants to return to Kansas. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Princess_Ozma" title="Princess Ozma">Princess Ozma</a>, the rightful ruler of Oz imprisoned in a mirror by Mombi, is now free to take her place on the throne of Oz. Dorothy hands over the ruby slippers to Ozma, who sends Dorothy home, while Billina remains behind in Oz.
</p><p>In Kansas, Dorothy's family finds her on a riverbank. Aunt Em reveals that Worley's hospital was struck by lightning and burned down, and Worley died trying to save his machines. They see Nurse Wilson locked in a cage on a police buggy. In the farmhouse, now complete, Dorothy can still see Billina and Ozma in Oz through her bedroom mirror, who tell her she can return to Oz at any time.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Cast">Cast</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Live_action">Live action</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Live action">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r998391716">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fairuza_Balk" title="Fairuza Balk">Fairuza Balk</a> as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_Gale" title="Dorothy Gale">Dorothy Gale</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nicol_Williamson" title="Nicol Williamson">Nicol Williamson</a> as Dr. J.B. Worley/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nome_King" title="Nome King">Nome King</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jean_Marsh" title="Jean Marsh">Jean Marsh</a> as Nurse Wilson/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mombi" title="Mombi">Mombi</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sophie_Ward" title="Sophie Ward">Sophie Ward</a> as Mombi II</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fiona_Victory" title="Fiona Victory">Fiona Victory</a> as Mombi IV</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piper_Laurie" title="Piper Laurie">Piper Laurie</a> as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aunt_Em" title="Aunt Em">Aunt Em</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Matt_Clark_(actor)" title="Matt Clark (actor)">Matt Clark</a> as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Uncle_Henry_(Oz)" title="Uncle Henry (Oz)">Uncle Henry</a></li>
<li>Emma Ridley as the Girl at the hospital/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Princess_Ozma" title="Princess Ozma">Princess Ozma</a></li>
<li>Justin Case as the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scarecrow_(Oz)" title="Scarecrow (Oz)">Scarecrow</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pons_Maar" title="Pons Maar">Pons Maar</a> as Lead Wheeler/Nurse Wilson's assistant</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bruce_Boa" title="Bruce Boa">Bruce Boa</a> as Policeman</li>
<li>Tansy as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toto_(Oz)" title="Toto (Oz)">Toto</a></li>
<li>John Alexander, Rachael Ashton, Robbie Barnett, Ailsa Berk, Peter Elliott, Roger Ennals, Michele Hine, Mark Hopkins, Colin Skeaping, Ken Stevens, Philip Tan and Rob Thirtle as the Wheelers</li></ul></div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Voice_cast">Voice cast</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Voice cast">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r998391716"/><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Denise_Bryer" title="Denise Bryer">Denise Bryer</a> as Billina</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sean_Barrett_(actor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sean Barrett (actor)">Sean Barrett</a> as Tik-Tok</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brian_Henson" title="Brian Henson">Brian Henson</a> as Jack Pumpkinhead</li>
<li>Lyle Conway as the Gump</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pons_Maar" title="Pons Maar">Pons Maar</a> as Nome Messenger</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mel_Blanc" title="Mel Blanc">Mel Blanc</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frank_Welker" title="Frank Welker">Frank Welker</a> as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toto_(Oz)" title="Toto (Oz)">Toto</a> (uncredited)</li>
<li>Beatrice Murch as Princess Ozma (uncredited)</li></ul></div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Puppeteers">Puppeteers</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Puppeteers">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r998391716"/><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mak_Wilson" title="Mak Wilson">Mak Wilson</a> as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Billina" title="Billina">Billina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Timothy_D._Rose" title="Timothy D. Rose">Timothy D. Rose</a> as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tik-Tok_(Oz)" title="Tik-Tok (Oz)">Tik-Tok</a> (head operator)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Michael_Sundin" title="Michael Sundin">Michael Sundin</a> as Tik-Tok (in-suit performer)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brian_Henson" title="Brian Henson">Brian Henson</a> and Stewart Larange as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jack_Pumpkinhead" title="Jack Pumpkinhead">Jack Pumpkinhead</a></li>
<li>Lyle Conway and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stephen_Norrington" title="Stephen Norrington">Steve Norrington</a> as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Gump" class="mw-redirect" title="The Gump">The Gump</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deep_Roy" title="Deep Roy">Deep Roy</a> as the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tin_Woodman" title="Tin Woodman">Tin Man</a></li>
<li>John Alexander as the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cowardly_Lion" title="Cowardly Lion">Cowardly Lion</a></li></ul></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Production">Production</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Production">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walter_Murch" title="Walter Murch">Walter Murch</a> began development of <i>Return to Oz</i> in 1980, during a brain-storming session with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures" title="Walt Disney Pictures">Walt Disney Productions</a> production chief Tom Wilhite. Murch told Wilhite he was interested in making an <i>Oz</i> film and Wilhite "sort of straightened up in his chair". Unbeknownst to Murch, Disney owned the rights to the <i>Oz</i> series and wanted to make a new film as the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> was soon to expire.<sup id="cite_ref-murchinterview_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-murchinterview-4">[4]</a></sup> Five weeks into production, Disney was unhappy with the footage and fired Murch. Filmmaker <a href="/enwiki/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> convinced them to reinstate him after reviewing the footage and guaranteeing that he would step in as replacement if any further problems emerged.<sup id="cite_ref-murchinterview_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-murchinterview-4">[4]</a></sup>
</p><p><i>Return to Oz</i> is based on the second and third <i>Oz</i> books, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz" title="The Marvelous Land of Oz">The Marvelous Land of Oz</a></i> (1904) and <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ozma_of_Oz" title="Ozma of Oz">Ozma of Oz</a></i> (1907). The element about <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tik-Tok_(Oz)" title="Tik-Tok (Oz)">Tik-Tok</a> being "The Royal Army of Oz" derives from <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tik-Tok_of_Oz" title="Tik-Tok of Oz">Tik-Tok of Oz</a></i> (1914), in which he is made the Royal Army of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oogaboo" title="Oogaboo">Oogaboo</a> and also makes frequent cries of "Pick me up!" That book was itself based on a dramatic production, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Tik-Tok_Man_of_Oz" title="The Tik-Tok Man of Oz">The Tik-Tok Man of Oz</a></i> (1913). Murch also used the book <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wisconsin_Death_Trip" title="Wisconsin Death Trip">Wisconsin Death Trip</a></i> as a historical source for the film.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>
</p><p>Murch took a darker take on Baum's source material than the 1939 adaptation, which he knew starting out would be a gamble. Between the development period and actual shooting, there was a change of leadership at the Walt Disney studios (with Wilhite replaced by Richard Berger), and the film's budget increased.<sup id="cite_ref-lakelandledger_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lakelandledger-6">[6]</a></sup> Once shooting began, Murch began to fall behind schedule, and there was further pressure from the studio, leading to Murch being fired as director for a short period.<sup id="cite_ref-lakelandledger_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lakelandledger-6">[6]</a></sup> High-profile film-makers including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> supported Murch in discussions with the studio, and Murch was reinstated and finished the film.<sup id="cite_ref-murchinterview_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-murchinterview-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lakelandledger_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lakelandledger-6">[6]</a></sup>
</p><p>The film was developed and produced without the involvement of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a>, the studio behind the 1939 film. No approval was necessary because, by 1985, the <i>Oz</i> books on which it was based were in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>, and the subsequent <i>Oz</i> books had been optioned to Disney many years earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnold2013537_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnold2013537-7">[7]</a></sup> The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ruby_slippers" title="Ruby slippers">ruby slippers</a> were created by MGM specifically for the 1939 film to replace the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Silver_Shoes" title="Silver Shoes">Silver Shoes</a> of the original stories<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolf2016186_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolf2016186-8">[8]</a></sup> and, as the slippers remained MGM's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a>, a fee was paid.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnold2013537_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnold2013537-7">[7]</a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leo_McKern" title="Leo McKern">Leo McKern</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christopher_Lloyd" title="Christopher Lloyd">Christopher Lloyd</a> were each considered for the role of Dr. J.B. Worley/The Nome King before Nicol Williamson was cast.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnold2013537_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnold2013537-7">[7]</a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Principal photography</a> began on February 20, 1984, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wrap_(filmmaking)" title="Wrap (filmmaking)">wrapped</a> in October 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup>
</p><p>Balk and Ridley, the only two child actors on set, had limited working hours per day.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Whilst Balk did her own stunts, Ridley had a stand-in. Ridley, who was born in London, had her voice in the film dubbed by Beatrice Murch, daughter of Walter Murch, so that the character of Ozma would have an American-sounding voice.<sup id="cite_ref-ridley_interview_2015_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ridley_interview_2015-10">[10]</a></sup>
</p><p>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emerald_City" title="Emerald City">Emerald City</a> scenes towards the end of film had to be fully reshot, as the character of Ozma was originally dressed in a gold lace dress which was deemed unsuitable during post-production. The scenes were reshot with the actress wearing a white and green dress.<sup id="cite_ref-ridley_interview_2015_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ridley_interview_2015-10">[10]</a></sup> At one point during filming these scenes, Balk collapsed due to the high on-set temperature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnold2013536_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnold2013536-11">[11]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Release">Release</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Release">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Theatrical">Theatrical</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Theatrical">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p><i>Return to Oz</i> had its world premiere in the United States on June 21, 1985.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Home_media">Home media</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Home media">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>The film has been released to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Betamax" title="Betamax">Betamax</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Laserdisc" class="mw-redirect" title="Laserdisc">Laserdisc</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a> over the years. The initial release, to VHS, Laserdisc, and Beta, occurred in December 1985 shortly after the theatrical release, with the VHS initially priced with a list price of $79.95. Disney reissued it in 1992 with alternate cover art. In 1999, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anchor_Bay_Entertainment" title="Anchor Bay Entertainment">Anchor Bay Entertainment</a>, who had obtained the home video rights to several titles from Disney's live-action catalogue, issued the film on full-screen and letterbox VHS, as well as a DVD release featuring both versions. All three releases featured an intro by Fairuza Balk before the film and an interview featurette with her after it. All three versions went out of print shortly after their release.
</p><p>In 2004, Disney released their own DVD, which dropped the Anchor Bay disc's fullscreen version and added anamorphic enhancement for 16:9 TVs for the widescreen version, upgraded the audio to 5.1 surround, retained the Anchor Bay disc's extras, and added four TV spots and a theatrical trailer. In 2015, Disney released a 30th Anniversary Edition of the film on Blu-ray exclusively through the Disney Movie Club, featuring a newly remastered and cleaned up transfer and DTS Master Audio 5.1 sound, but none of the bonus features from the 2004 DVD.
</p><p>It is featured in the "From the Vault" Film section of Disney's streaming platform, Disney+.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Reception">Reception</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reception">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Box_office">Box office</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Box office">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>It earned $2,844,895 in its opening weekend, finishing in seventh place.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup> It ultimately grossed $11,137,801 in North America.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Critical_response">Critical response</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Critical response">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>The film received mixed reviews. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Film-critics" class="mw-redirect" title="Film-critics">film critics</a> aggregator <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a> records 53% positive reviews based on 33 reviews, its critical consensus reads: "<i>Return to Oz</i> taps into the darker side of L. Frank Baum's book series with an intermittently dazzling adventure that never quite recaptures the magic of its classic predecessor."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup> Those who were familiar with the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oz_books" class="mw-redirect" title="Oz books">Oz books</a> praised its faithfulness to the source material of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a> such as author and critic <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Harlan_Ellison" title="Harlan Ellison">Harlan Ellison</a> who said, “It ain’t Judy Garland. It ain’t hip-hop. But it’s in the tradition of the original Oz books.”<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> However, many critics described its tone and overall content as slightly too dark and intense for young children. "Children are sure to be startled by its bleakness," said <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>'</i> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Janet_Maslin" title="Janet Maslin">Janet Maslin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup> Ian Nathan of <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Empire_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Empire Magazine">Empire Magazine</a></i> gave the film a three out of five stars, saying: "This is not so much a sequel but an homage and not a good one."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup> Canadian film critic <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jay_Scott" title="Jay Scott">Jay Scott</a> felt the protagonists were too creepy and weird for viewers to relate or sympathize with: "Dorothy's friends are as weird as her enemies, which is faithful to the original Oz books but turns out not to be a virtue on film, where the eerie has a tendency to remain eerie no matter how often we're told it's not."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> "It's bleak, creepy, and occasionally terrifying," added Dave Kehr of the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chicago_Reader" title="Chicago Reader">Chicago Reader</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amelie_Gillette" title="Amelie Gillette">Amelie Gillette</a> of <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a></i> frequently refers to its dark nature as unsuitable for its intended audience of young children<sup id="cite_ref-auto_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-20">[20]</a></sup> although it had been one of her favorite movies growing up.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-20">[20]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Awards">Awards</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Awards">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>The film received an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a> nomination for Best Visual Effects, but lost to <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cocoon_(film)" title="Cocoon (film)">Cocoon</a></i>. Fairuza Balk and Emma Ridley were nominated for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Young_Artist_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Young Artist Awards">Young Artist Awards</a> and multiple <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Young_Artist_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Young Artist Awards">Youthies</a>. It received two <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saturn_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Saturn Award">Saturn Award</a> nominations for Best Fantasy Film (losing to <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ladyhawke_(film)" title="Ladyhawke (film)">Ladyhawke</a></i>) and Best Younger Actor for Fairuza Balk (who lost to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barret_Oliver" title="Barret Oliver">Barret Oliver</a> for <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/D.A.R.Y.L." title="D.A.R.Y.L.">D.A.R.Y.L.</a></i>).
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Attraction">Attraction</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Attraction">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>The film's interpretation of Oz is featured in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Storybook_Land_Canal_Boats" title="Storybook Land Canal Boats">Storybook Land Canal Boats</a> attraction at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disneyland_Park_(Paris)" title="Disneyland Park (Paris)">Disneyland Park</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disneyland_Paris" title="Disneyland Paris">Paris</a>.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p><b>Citations</b>
</p>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em;">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r999302996">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1985-09-04/features/8502060585_1_ticket-million-box-office">"Disasters Outnumber Movie Hits"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Florida_Sun-Sentinel" class="mw-redirect" title="South Florida Sun-Sentinel">South Florida Sun-Sentinel</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-06-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+Florida+Sun-Sentinel&rft.atitle=Disasters+Outnumber+Movie+Hits&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.sun-sentinel.com%2F1985-09-04%2Ffeatures%2F8502060585_1_ticket-million-box-office&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Geraghty-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Geraghty_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFGeraghty2011" class="citation book cs1">Geraghty, Lincoln (2011). <i>American Hollywood</i>. Intellect Books. p. 187. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84150-415-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84150-415-5"><bdi>978-1-84150-415-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Hollywood&rft.pages=187&rft.pub=Intellect+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-84150-415-5&rft.aulast=Geraghty&rft.aufirst=Lincoln&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFWeiner2013" class="citation web cs1">Weiner, David (March 5, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etonline.com/movies/131252_Return_to_Oz_Flashback_with_Fairuza_Balk/index.html?viewFull=true">"Flashback Exclusive: A 'Return to Oz<span class="cs1-kern-right">'</span>"</a>. <i>ET Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ET+Online&rft.atitle=Flashback+Exclusive%3A+A+%27Return+to+Oz%27&rft.date=2013-03-05&rft.aulast=Weiner&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etonline.com%2Fmovies%2F131252_Return_to_Oz_Flashback_with_Fairuza_Balk%2Findex.html%3FviewFull%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-murchinterview-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-murchinterview_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-murchinterview_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-murchinterview_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFChambers2000" class="citation news cs1">Chambers, Bill (May 9, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmfreakcentral.net/ffc/2012/05/a-conversation-ffc-interviews-walter-murch.html">"A Conversation with Walter Murch"</a>. <i>Film Freak Central</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Film+Freak+Central&rft.atitle=A+Conversation+with+Walter+Murch&rft.date=2000-05-09&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmfreakcentral.net%2Fffc%2F2012%2F05%2Fa-conversation-ffc-interviews-walter-murch.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFOndaatje,_Michael2002" class="citation book cs1">Ondaatje, Michael (2002). <i>The Conversations: Walter Murch and the Art of Editing Film</i>. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Conversations%3A+Walter+Murch+and+the+Art+of+Editing+Film&rft.pages=6&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Ondaatje%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-lakelandledger-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lakelandledger_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lakelandledger_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lakelandledger_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=rwEhk56xNqMC&dat=19850623&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"Lakeland Ledger - Google News Archive Search"</a>. <i>News.google.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News.google.com&rft.atitle=Lakeland+Ledger+-+Google+News+Archive+Search&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3DrwEhk56xNqMC%26dat%3D19850623%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnold2013537-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnold2013537_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnold2013537_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnold2013537_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArnold2013">Arnold 2013</a>, p. 537.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolf2016186-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolf2016186_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolf2016">Wolf 2016</a>, p. 186.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1985/06/16/movies/after-46-years-hollywood-revisits-oz.html">https://www.nytimes.com/1985/06/16/movies/after-46-years-hollywood-revisits-oz.html</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ridley_interview_2015-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ridley_interview_2015_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ridley_interview_2015_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TkMNzUtF4ds">"Return to Oz - Emma Ridley "Ozma" Interview by Ryan Jay"</a>. September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Return+to+Oz+-+Emma+Ridley+%22Ozma%22+Interview+by+Ryan+Jay&rft.date=2015-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DTkMNzUtF4ds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnold2013536-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnold2013536_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArnold2013">Arnold 2013</a>, p. 536.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1985&wknd=25&p=.htm">"Weekend Box Office Results for June 21-23, 1985 - Box Office Mojo"</a>. <i>Boxofficemojo.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boxofficemojo.com&rft.atitle=Weekend+Box+Office+Results+for+June+21-23%2C+1985+-+Box+Office+Mojo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fweekend%2Fchart%2F%3Fyr%3D1985%26wknd%3D25%26p%3D.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=returntooz.htm">"Return to Oz (1985) - Box Office Mojo"</a>. <i>Boxofficemojo.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boxofficemojo.com&rft.atitle=Return+to+Oz+%281985%29+-+Box+Office+Mojo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fmovies%2F%3Fid%3Dreturntooz.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1017488_return_to_oz">"Return to Oz (1985)"</a>. <i>Rottentomatoes.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rottentomatoes.com&rft.atitle=Return+to+Oz+%281985%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2F1017488_return_to_oz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=6YU0jzpUhv4">https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=6YU0jzpUhv4</a> </span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFMaslin1985" class="citation news cs1">Maslin, Janet (1985-06-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9F03EFD91039F932A15755C0A963948260">"A New 'Oz' Gives Dorothy New Friends"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+New+%27Oz%27+Gives+Dorothy+New+Friends&rft.date=1985-06-21&rft.aulast=Maslin&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovies.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2Freview%3Fres%3D9F03EFD91039F932A15755C0A963948260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/return-oz-review/">https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/return-oz-review/</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFScott" class="citation news cs1">Scott, Jay. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metacritic.com/movie/return-to-oz/critic-reviews">"Return to Oz"</a>. <i>Globe and Mail</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=Return+to+Oz&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fmovie%2Freturn-to-oz%2Fcritic-reviews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFKehr" class="citation news cs1">Kehr, Dave. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/return-to-oz/Film?oid=1073337">"Return to Oz"</a>. <i>The Globe and Mail</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=Return+to+Oz&rft.aulast=Kehr&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagoreader.com%2Fchicago%2Freturn-to-oz%2FFilm%3Foid%3D1073337&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-auto-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/articles/childhood-scares,26455/">"Childhood Scares"</a>. A.V Scares. April 10, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Childhood+Scares&rft.pub=A.V+Scares&rft.date=2009-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Farticles%2Fchildhood-scares%2C26455%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
</ol></div>
<p><b>Sources</b>
</p>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011217839">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin" style="">
<ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFWolf2016" class="citation book cs1">Wolf, Mark (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MTQlDwAAQBAJ"><i>Revisiting Imaginary Worlds: A Subcreation Studies Anthology</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317375944" title="Special:BookSources/9781317375944"><bdi>9781317375944</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revisiting+Imaginary+Worlds%3A+A+Subcreation+Studies+Anthology&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781317375944&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMTQlDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFArnold2013" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, Mark (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sz1KDwAAQBAJ"><i>Frozen in Ice: The Story of Walt Disney Productions, 1966-1985</i></a>. BearManor Media.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Frozen+in+Ice%3A+The+Story+of+Walt+Disney+Productions%2C+1966-1985&rft.pub=BearManor+Media&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dsz1KDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReturn+to+Oz" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Return_to_Oz&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r936637989">.mw-parser-output .portal{border:solid #aaa 1px;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .portal.tleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portal.tright{margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .portal>ul{display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:#f9f9f9;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portal>ul>li{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .portal>ul>li>span:first-child{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portal>ul>li>span:last-child{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}</style><div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright">
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<li><span><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/28px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/42px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/56px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span><span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film portal</a></span></li>
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<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://movies.disney.com/return-to-oz">Official website</a></span></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514701#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0089908/"><i>Return to Oz</i></a> at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v41132"><i>Return to Oz</i></a> at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1017488-return_to_oz"><i>Return to Oz</i></a> at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=returntooz.htm"><i>Return to Oz</i></a> at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></li></ul>
<div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Wizard_of_Oz" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r992953826">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)" title="Template:The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)" title="Template talk:The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Wizard_of_Oz" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)"><i>The Wizard of Oz</i></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Based_on_The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_by_L._Frank_Baum">Based on <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></i> by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elements</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li>"<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Surrender_Dorothy" title="Surrender Dorothy">Surrender Dorothy</a>"</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ruby_slippers" title="Ruby slippers">Ruby slippers</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Musical_selections_in_The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Musical selections in The Wizard of Oz">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li>"<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Over_the_Rainbow" title="Over the Rainbow">Over the Rainbow</a>"</li>
<li>"<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead</a>"</li>
<li>"<a href="/enwiki/wiki/We%27re_Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="We're Off to See the Wizard">We're Off to See the Wizard</a>"</li>
<li>"<a href="/enwiki/wiki/If_I_Only_Had_a_Brain" title="If I Only Had a Brain">If I Only Had a Brain</a>"</li>
<li>"<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Optimistic_Voices" class="mw-redirect" title="Optimistic Voices">Optimistic Voices</a>"</li>
<li>"<a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Merry_Old_Land_of_Oz" title="The Merry Old Land of Oz">The Merry Old Land of Oz</a>"</li>
<li>"<a href="/enwiki/wiki/If_I_Were_King_of_the_Forest" title="If I Were King of the Forest">If I Were King of the Forest</a>"</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Versions, sequels,<br />and adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1942_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1942 musical)">1942 stage musical</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1987_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1987 musical)">1987 stage musical</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(2011_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (2011 musical)">2011 stage musical</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_in_Concert:_Dreams_Come_True" title="The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True">The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_on_television" title="The Wizard of Oz on television">On television</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Was_(novel)" title="Was (novel)"><i>Was</i></a></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apocalypse_Oz" title="Apocalypse Oz">Apocalypse Oz</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="Off to See the Wizard">Off to See the Wizard</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Journey_Back_to_Oz" title="Journey Back to Oz">Journey Back to Oz</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wiz" title="The Wiz">The Wiz</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(TV_series)" title="The Wizard of Oz (TV series)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (TV series)</li>
<li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Return to Oz</a></i> (1985)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz">Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wicked_(musical)" title="Wicked (musical)">Wicked</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oz_the_Great_and_Powerful" title="Oz the Great and Powerful">Oz the Great and Powerful</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Legends_of_Oz:_Dorothy%27s_Return" title="Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return">Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry:_Back_to_Oz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz">Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lost_In_Oz_(TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lost In Oz (TV series)">Lost In Oz</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz">Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz</a></i> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Dorothy_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz_episodes" title="List of Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz episodes">episodes</a>)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(arcade_game)" title="The Wizard of Oz (arcade game)">Arcade game</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(pinball)" title="The Wizard of Oz (pinball)">Pinball</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wizard of Oz (video game)">Video game</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zynga#Mobile_games" title="Zynga">The Wizard of Oz: Magic Match</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Making_of_The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Making of The Wizard of Oz">The Making of The Wizard of Oz</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Friend_of_Dorothy" title="Friend of Dorothy">Friend of Dorothy</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Over_the_Rainbow_(2010_TV_series)" title="Over the Rainbow (2010 TV series)">Over the Rainbow</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dark_Side_of_the_Rainbow" title="Dark Side of the Rainbow">Dark Side of the Rainbow</a>
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Dark_Side_of_the_Moon" title="The Dark Side of the Moon">The Dark Side of the Moon</a></i></li></ul></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Meco_Plays_The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Meco Plays The Wizard of Oz">Meco Plays The Wizard of Oz</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)" title="Category:The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)">Category</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r992953826"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Oz" title="Template:Oz"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Oz" title="Template talk:Oz"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Oz&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Oz_books" title="List of Oz books">Canonical<br />books</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank<br />Baum</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1900)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz" title="The Marvelous Land of Oz">The Marvelous Land of Oz</a></i> (1904)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ozma_of_Oz" title="Ozma of Oz">Ozma of Oz</a></i> (1907)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_and_the_Wizard_in_Oz" title="Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz">Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz</a></i> (1908)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Road_to_Oz" title="The Road to Oz">The Road to Oz</a></i> (1909)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Emerald_City_of_Oz" title="The Emerald City of Oz">The Emerald City of Oz</a></i> (1910)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Patchwork_Girl_of_Oz" title="The Patchwork Girl of Oz">The Patchwork Girl of Oz</a></i> (1913)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tik-Tok_of_Oz" title="Tik-Tok of Oz">Tik-Tok of Oz</a></i> (1914)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Scarecrow_of_Oz" title="The Scarecrow of Oz">The Scarecrow of Oz</a></i> (1915)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rinkitink_in_Oz" title="Rinkitink in Oz">Rinkitink in Oz</a></i> (1916)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Lost_Princess_of_Oz" title="The Lost Princess of Oz">The Lost Princess of Oz</a></i> (1917)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Tin_Woodman_of_Oz" title="The Tin Woodman of Oz">The Tin Woodman of Oz</a></i> (1918)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Magic_of_Oz" title="The Magic of Oz">The Magic of Oz</a></i> (1919)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Glinda_of_Oz" title="Glinda of Oz">Glinda of Oz</a></i> (1920)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ruth_Plumly_Thompson" title="Ruth Plumly Thompson">Ruth Plumly<br /> Thompson</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Royal_Book_of_Oz" title="The Royal Book of Oz">The Royal Book of Oz</a></i> (1921)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kabumpo_in_Oz" title="Kabumpo in Oz">Kabumpo in Oz</a></i> (1922)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Cowardly_Lion_of_Oz" title="The Cowardly Lion of Oz">The Cowardly Lion of Oz</a></i> (1923)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grampa_in_Oz" title="Grampa in Oz">Grampa in Oz</a></i> (1924)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Lost_King_of_Oz" title="The Lost King of Oz">The Lost King of Oz</a></i> (1925)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Hungry_Tiger_of_Oz" title="The Hungry Tiger of Oz">The Hungry Tiger of Oz</a></i> (1926)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Gnome_King_of_Oz" title="The Gnome King of Oz">The Gnome King of Oz</a></i> (1927)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Giant_Horse_of_Oz" title="The Giant Horse of Oz">The Giant Horse of Oz</a></i> (1928)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jack_Pumpkinhead_of_Oz" title="Jack Pumpkinhead of Oz">Jack Pumpkinhead of Oz</a></i> (1929)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Yellow_Knight_of_Oz" title="The Yellow Knight of Oz">The Yellow Knight of Oz</a></i> (1930)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pirates_in_Oz" title="Pirates in Oz">Pirates in Oz</a></i> (1931)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Purple_Prince_of_Oz" title="The Purple Prince of Oz">The Purple Prince of Oz</a></i> (1932)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ojo_in_Oz" title="Ojo in Oz">Ojo in Oz</a></i> (1933)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Speedy_in_Oz" title="Speedy in Oz">Speedy in Oz</a></i> (1934)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wishing_Horse_of_Oz" title="The Wishing Horse of Oz">The Wishing Horse of Oz</a></i> (1935)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Captain_Salt_in_Oz" title="Captain Salt in Oz">Captain Salt in Oz</a></i> (1936)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Handy_Mandy_in_Oz" title="Handy Mandy in Oz">Handy Mandy in Oz</a></i> (1937)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Silver_Princess_in_Oz" title="The Silver Princess in Oz">The Silver Princess in Oz</a></i> (1938)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ozoplaning_with_the_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Ozoplaning with the Wizard of Oz">Ozoplaning with the Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1939)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonder_City_of_Oz" title="The Wonder City of Oz">The Wonder City of Oz</a></i> (1940)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Scalawagons_of_Oz" title="The Scalawagons of Oz">The Scalawagons of Oz</a></i> (1941)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lucky_Bucky_in_Oz" title="Lucky Bucky in Oz">Lucky Bucky in Oz</a></i> (1942)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Magical_Mimics_in_Oz" title="The Magical Mimics in Oz">The Magical Mimics in Oz</a></i> (1946)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Shaggy_Man_of_Oz" title="The Shaggy Man of Oz">The Shaggy Man of Oz</a></i> (1949)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Hidden_Valley_of_Oz" title="The Hidden Valley of Oz">The Hidden Valley of Oz</a></i> (1951)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Merry_Go_Round_in_Oz" title="Merry Go Round in Oz">Merry Go Round in Oz</a></i> (1963)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yankee_in_Oz" title="Yankee in Oz">Yankee in Oz</a></i> (1972)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Enchanted_Island_of_Oz" title="The Enchanted Island of Oz">The Enchanted Island of Oz</a></i> (1976)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Forbidden_Fountain_of_Oz" title="The Forbidden Fountain of Oz">The Forbidden Fountain of Oz</a></i> (1980)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Ozmapolitan_of_Oz" title="The Ozmapolitan of Oz">The Ozmapolitan of Oz</a></i> (1986)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wicked_Witch_of_Oz" title="The Wicked Witch of Oz">The Wicked Witch of Oz</a></i> (1993)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Giant_Garden_of_Oz" title="The Giant Garden of Oz">The Giant Garden of Oz</a></i> (1993)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Runaway_in_Oz" title="The Runaway in Oz">The Runaway in Oz</a></i> (1995)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Rundelstone_of_Oz" title="The Rundelstone of Oz">The Rundelstone of Oz</a></i> (2000)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Emerald_Wand_of_Oz" title="The Emerald Wand of Oz">The Emerald Wand of Oz</a></i> (2005)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trouble_Under_Oz" title="Trouble Under Oz">Trouble Under Oz</a></i> (2006)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternate</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_of_Oz_(book)" title="Dorothy of Oz (book)">Dorothy of Oz</a></i> (1989)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lion_of_Oz_and_the_Badge_of_Courage" title="Lion of Oz and the Badge of Courage">Lion of Oz and the Badge of Courage</a></i> (1995)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations<br />and elements</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Land_of_Oz" title="Land of Oz">Land of Oz</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emerald_City" title="Emerald City">Emerald City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Munchkin_Country" title="Munchkin Country">Munchkin Country</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gillikin_Country" title="Gillikin Country">Gillikin Country</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Winkie_Country" title="Winkie Country">Winkie Country</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Quadling_Country" title="Quadling Country">Quadling Country</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yellow_brick_road" title="Yellow brick road">Yellow brick road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Oz_characters_(created_by_Baum)#Queen_Ann_Soforth" title="List of Oz characters (created by Baum)">Oogaboo</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deadly_Desert" title="Deadly Desert">Deadly Desert</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nonestica" title="Nonestica">Nonestica</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Forest_of_Burzee" title="Forest of Burzee">Forest of Burzee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Land_of_Ev" title="Land of Ev">Land of Ev</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Merryland_(Oz)" title="Merryland (Oz)">Merryland</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mo_(Oz)" title="Mo (Oz)">Mo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ix_(Oz)" title="Ix (Oz)">Ix</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nome_Kingdom" title="Nome Kingdom">Nome Kingdom</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Noland_(Oz)" title="Noland (Oz)">Noland</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ruby_slippers" title="Ruby slippers">Ruby slippers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Silver_Shoes" title="Silver Shoes">Silver shoes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Oz_Film_Manufacturing_Company" title="The Oz Film Manufacturing Company">The Oz Film Manufacturing Company</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Oz_characters_(created_by_Baum)" title="List of Oz characters (created by Baum)">Created by</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_Gale" title="Dorothy Gale">Dorothy Gale</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toto_(Oz)" title="Toto (Oz)">Toto</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aunt_Em" title="Aunt Em">Aunt Em</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Uncle_Henry_(Oz)" title="Uncle Henry (Oz)">Uncle Henry</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Princess_Ozma" title="Princess Ozma">Princess Ozma</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wizard_of_Oz_(character)" title="Wizard of Oz (character)">The Wizard of Oz</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scarecrow_(Oz)" title="Scarecrow (Oz)">Scarecrow</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tin_Woodman" title="Tin Woodman">Tin Woodman</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cowardly_Lion" title="Cowardly Lion">Cowardly Lion</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Glinda_the_Good_Witch" title="Glinda the Good Witch">Glinda, the Good Witch of the South</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Good_Witch_of_the_North" title="Good Witch of the North">Good Witch of the North</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wicked_Witch_of_the_East" title="Wicked Witch of the East">Wicked Witch of the East</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wicked_Witch_of_the_West" title="Wicked Witch of the West">Wicked Witch of the West</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Billina" title="Billina">Billina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Glass_Cat" title="Glass Cat">Glass Cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jack_Pumpkinhead" title="Jack Pumpkinhead">Jack Pumpkinhead</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jellia_Jamb" title="Jellia Jamb">Jellia Jamb</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jinjur" title="Jinjur">Jinjur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Dough" title="John Dough">John Dough</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mombi" title="Mombi">Mombi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Munchkin" title="Munchkin">Munchkins</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boq" title="Boq">Boq</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ojo_the_Lucky" title="Ojo the Lucky">Ojo the Lucky</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Oz_characters_(created_by_Baum)#Wizard_of_Oz" title="List of Oz characters (created by Baum)">Nine Tiny Piglets</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nome_King" title="Nome King">Nome King</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pastoria" title="Pastoria">Pastoria</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Patchwork_Girl" title="Patchwork Girl">Patchwork Girl</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Polychrome_(Oz)" title="Polychrome (Oz)">Polychrome</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Queen_Lurline" title="Queen Lurline">Queen Lurline</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shaggy_Man" title="Shaggy Man">Shaggy Man</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Soldier_with_the_Green_Whiskers" title="Soldier with the Green Whiskers">Soldier with the Green Whiskers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tik-Tok_(Oz)" title="Tik-Tok (Oz)">Tik-Tok</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trot_(Oz)" title="Trot (Oz)">Trot</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Winged_monkeys" title="Winged monkeys">Winged monkeys</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Woggle-Bug" title="Woggle-Bug">Woggle-Bug</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Oz_characters_(post-Baum)" title="List of Oz characters (post-Baum)">Created by<br />other writers</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jinnicky_the_Red_Jinn" title="Jinnicky the Red Jinn">Jinnicky the Red Jinn</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kabumpo" title="Kabumpo">Kabumpo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peter_Brown_(Oz)" title="Peter Brown (Oz)">Peter Brown</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pigasus_(literature)" title="Pigasus (literature)">Pigasus</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other writers</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authors</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_R._Neill" title="John R. Neill">John R. Neill</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jack_Snow_(writer)" title="Jack Snow (writer)">Jack Snow</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rachel_Cosgrove_Payes" title="Rachel Cosgrove Payes">Rachel Cosgrove Payes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eloise_Jarvis_McGraw" title="Eloise Jarvis McGraw">Eloise Jarvis McGraw</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dick_Martin_(artist)" title="Dick Martin (artist)">Dick Martin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alexander_Volkov_(writer)" title="Alexander Volkov (writer)">Alexander Volkov</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gregory_Maguire" title="Gregory Maguire">Gregory Maguire</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sherwood_Smith" title="Sherwood Smith">Sherwood Smith</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roger_S._Baum" title="Roger S. Baum">Roger S. Baum</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Illustrators</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/William_Wallace_Denslow" title="William Wallace Denslow">William Wallace Denslow</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frank_Kramer_(artist)" title="Frank Kramer (artist)">Frank Kramer</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dirk_Gringhuis" title="Dirk Gringhuis">Dirk Gringhuis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dick_Martin_(artist)" title="Dick Martin (artist)">Dick Martin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eric_Shanower" title="Eric Shanower">Eric Shanower</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/William_Stout" title="William Stout">William Stout</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Political_interpretations_of_The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Political interpretations of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">Political interpretations</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Copyright_status_of_The_Wizard_of_Oz_and_related_works_in_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of The Wizard of Oz and related works in the United States">Copyright status</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Adaptations_and_other_derivative_works" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adaptations_of_The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Adaptations of The Wizard of Oz">Adaptations</a> and other derivative works</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1902_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1902 musical)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1902)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Woggle-Bug_(musical)" title="The Woggle-Bug (musical)">The Woggle-Bug</a></i> (1905)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Tik-Tok_Man_of_Oz" title="The Tik-Tok Man of Oz">The Tik-Tok Man of Oz</a></i> (1913)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1942_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1942 musical)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1942)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wiz" title="The Wiz">The Wiz</a></i> (1974)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz_(musical)" title="The Marvelous Land of Oz (musical)">The Marvelous Land of Oz</a></i> (1981)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1987_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1987 musical)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1987)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(musical)" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (musical)">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></i> (2000)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(2011_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (2011 musical)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (2011)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Woodsman_(play)" title="The Woodsman (play)">The Woodsman</a></i> (2012)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Fairylogue_and_Radio-Plays" title="The Fairylogue and Radio-Plays">The Fairylogue and Radio-Plays</a></i> (1908)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(1910_film)" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910 film)">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1910)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(1910_film)#Dorothy_and_the_Scarecrow_in_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910 film)">Dorothy and the Scarecrow in Oz</a></i> (1910)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(1910_film)#The_Land_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910 film)">The Land of Oz</a></i> (1910)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(1910_film)#John_Dough_and_the_Cherub" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910 film)">John Dough and the Cherub</a></i> (1910)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Patchwork_Girl_of_Oz_(1914_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Patchwork Girl of Oz (1914 film)">The Patchwork Girl of Oz</a></i> (1914)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Magic_Cloak_of_Oz" title="The Magic Cloak of Oz">The Magic Cloak of Oz</a></i> (1914)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/His_Majesty,_the_Scarecrow_of_Oz" title="His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz">His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz</a></i> (1914)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1925_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1925 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1925)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1933_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1933 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1933)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1939)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Land_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Land of Oz">The Wonderful Land of Oz</a></i> (1969)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fecik_ve_Sihirli_C%C3%BCceler_R%C3%BCyalar_%C3%9Clkesinde" title="Ayşecik ve Sihirli Cüceler Rüyalar Ülkesinde">Ayşecik ve Sihirli Cüceler Rüyalar Ülkesinde</a></i> (1971)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Journey_Back_to_Oz" title="Journey Back to Oz">Journey Back to Oz</a></i> (1974)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(1975_film)" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1975 film)">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1975)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oz_(1976_film)" title="Oz (1976 film)">Oz</a></i> (1976)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wiz_(film)" title="The Wiz (film)">The Wiz</a></i> (1978)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1982_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1982 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1982)</li>
<li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Return to Oz</a></i> (1985)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_Meets_Ozma_of_Oz" title="Dorothy Meets Ozma of Oz">Dorothy Meets Ozma of Oz</a></i> (1987)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Dreamer_of_Oz:_The_L._Frank_Baum_Story" title="The Dreamer of Oz: The L. Frank Baum Story">The Dreamer of Oz: The L. Frank Baum Story</a></i> (1990)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lion_of_Oz" title="Lion of Oz">Lion of Oz</a></i> (2000)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Muppets%27_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Muppets' Wizard of Oz">The Muppets' Wizard of Oz</a></i> (2005)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz">Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz</a></i> (2011)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_and_the_Witches_of_Oz" title="Dorothy and the Witches of Oz">Dorothy and the Witches of Oz</a></i> (2011)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/After_the_Wizard" title="After the Wizard">After the Wizard</a></i> (2011)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oz_the_Great_and_Powerful" title="Oz the Great and Powerful">Oz the Great and Powerful</a></i> (2013)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Legends_of_Oz:_Dorothy%27s_Return" title="Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return">Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return</a></i> (2014)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/OzLand" title="OzLand">OzLand</a></i> (2014)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Guardians_of_Oz" title="Guardians of Oz">Guardians of Oz</a></i> (2015)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry:_Back_to_Oz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz">Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz</a></i> (2016)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Steam_Engines_of_Oz" title="The Steam Engines of Oz">The Steam Engines of Oz</a></i> (2018)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1950_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1950 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1950)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tales_of_the_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Tales of the Wizard of Oz">Tales of the Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1961)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Return_to_Oz_(TV_special)" title="Return to Oz (TV special)">Return to Oz</a></i> (1964)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="Off to See the Wizard">Off to See the Wizard</a></i> (1967)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(TV_series)" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (TV series)">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1986)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(TV_series)" title="The Wizard of Oz (TV series)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1990)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Galaxy_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Galaxy of Oz">The Wonderful Galaxy of Oz</a></i> (1992)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_in_Concert:_Dreams_Come_True" title="The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True">The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True</a></i> (1995)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Oz_Kids" title="The Oz Kids">The Oz Kids</a></i> (1996)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adaptations_of_The_Wizard_of_Oz#Television" title="Adaptations of The Wizard of Oz">Lost in Oz</a></i> (2002)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(TV_series)" title="Once Upon a Time (TV series)">Once Upon a Time</a></i> (2011)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wiz_Live!" title="The Wiz Live!">The Wiz Live!</a></i> (2015)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lost_in_Oz_(TV_series)" title="Lost in Oz (TV series)">Lost In Oz</a></i> (2015)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emerald_City_(TV_series)" title="Emerald City (TV series)">Emerald City</a></i> (2017)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz">Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz</a></i> (2017)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comics</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Queer_Visitors_from_the_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz" title="Queer Visitors from the Marvelous Land of Oz">Queer Visitors from the Marvelous Land of Oz</a></i> (1904–05)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adventures_in_Oz" title="Adventures in Oz">Adventures in Oz</a></i> (1986–1992)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Enchanted_Apples_of_Oz" title="The Enchanted Apples of Oz">The Enchanted Apples of Oz</a></i> (1986)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oz_Squad" title="Oz Squad">Oz Squad</a></i> (1991)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lost_Girls_(graphic_novel)" title="Lost Girls (graphic novel)">Lost Girls</a></i> (1991–92)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oz_(comics)" title="Oz (comics)">Oz</a></i> (1994)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_of_Oz_(manhwa)" title="Dorothy of Oz (manhwa)">Dorothy of Oz</a></i> (2006)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(2009_comics)" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (2009 comics)">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></i> (2009)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video<br />games</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1993_video_game)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1993 video game)">The Wizard of Oz</a></i> (1993)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz:_Beyond_the_Yellow_Brick_Road" title="The Wizard of Oz: Beyond the Yellow Brick Road">The Wizard of Oz: Beyond the Yellow Brick Road</a></i> (2008)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emerald_City_Confidential" title="Emerald City Confidential">Emerald City Confidential</a></i> (2009)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parodies</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wozard_of_Iz" title="The Wozard of Iz">The Wozard of Iz</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Os_Trapalh%C3%B5es_e_o_M%C3%A1gico_de_Or%C3%B3z" title="Os Trapalhões e o Mágico de Oróz">Os Trapalhões e o Mágico de Oróz</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_VeggieTales_videos#The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Ha's_(2007)" title="List of VeggieTales videos">The Wonderful Wizard of Ha's</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wizard_of_Odd" title="Wizard of Odd">Wizard of Odd</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reimagining</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Mars" title="The Wizard of Mars">The Wizard of Mars</a></i> (1965)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hunter_(1973_film)" title="Hunter (1973 film)">Hunter</a></i> (1973)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zardoz" title="Zardoz">Zardoz</a></i> (1974)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oz_(1976_film)" title="Oz (1976 film)">Oz</a></i> (1976)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Number_of_the_Beast_(novel)" title="The Number of the Beast (novel)">The Number of the Beast</a></i> (1980)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/A_Barnstormer_in_Oz" title="A Barnstormer in Oz">A Barnstormer in Oz</a></i> (1982)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_A.I.D.S." title="The Wizard of A.I.D.S.">The Wizard of A.I.D.S.</a></i> (1987)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wonderful_Galaxy_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Galaxy of Oz">The Wonderful Galaxy of Oz</a></i> (1990)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sir_Harold_and_the_Gnome_King" title="Sir Harold and the Gnome King">Sir Harold and the Gnome King</a></i> (1991)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Twister_(play)" title="Twister (play)">Twister</a></i> (1994)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Dark_Tower_IV:_Wizard_and_Glass" title="The Dark Tower IV: Wizard and Glass">The Dark Tower IV: Wizard and Glass</a></i> (1997)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tin_Man_(miniseries)" title="Tin Man (miniseries)">Tin Man</a></i> (2007)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorothy_Must_Die" title="Dorothy Must Die">Dorothy Must Die</a></i> (2014)</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wicked_Will_Rise" title="The Wicked Will Rise">The Wicked Will Rise</a></i> (2015)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wicked_Years" title="The Wicked Years">The Wicked<br />Years</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wicked_(Maguire_novel)" title="Wicked (Maguire novel)">Wicked</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Son_of_a_Witch" title="Son of a Witch">Son of a Witch</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/A_Lion_Among_Men" title="A Lion Among Men">A Lion Among Men</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Out_of_Oz" title="Out of Oz">Out of Oz</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wicked_(musical)" title="Wicked (musical)"><i>Wicked</i> (musical)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Wicked_characters" title="List of Wicked characters">Characters</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Land_of_Oz_(theme_park)" title="Land of Oz (theme park)">Land of Oz (theme park)</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/M%C3%84R" title="MÄR">MÄR</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ozma_(album)" title="Ozma (album)"><i>Ozma</i> (album)</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rainbow_Road_to_Oz" title="Rainbow Road to Oz">Rainbow Road to Oz</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(arcade_game)" title="The Wizard of Oz (arcade game)"><i>The Wizard of Oz</i> (arcade game)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(pinball)" title="The Wizard of Oz (pinball)"><i>The Wizard of Oz</i> (pinball)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_International_Wizard_of_Oz_Club" title="The International Wizard of Oz Club">The International Wizard of Oz Club</a>
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Baum_Bugle" title="The Baum Bugle">The Baum Bugle</a></i></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oz_Park" title="Oz Park">Oz Park</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;"><div>
<ul><li><img alt="Category" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Category" width="16" height="16" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Oz_(franchise)" title="Category:Oz (franchise)">Category</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | 1615814284 |
