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'{{short description|Japanese architect}} {{Infobox architect | name = Tadao Ando | image = Tadao Ando 2004.jpg | caption = Tadao Ando in 2004 | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1941|9|13|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Minato-ku, Osaka]], [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = [[Japanese people|Japanese]] | awards = {{ubl|[[Alvar Aalto Medal]], 1985|[[Carlsberg Architectural Prize]], 1992|[[Pritzker Prize]], 1995|[[Royal Gold Medal|RIBA Royal Gold Medal]], 1997|[[AIA Gold Medal]], 2002|[[Cal Poly Pomona College of Environmental Design|Neutra Medal for Professional Excellence]], 2012}} | practice = Tadao Ando Architects & Associates | significant_buildings = {{ubl|[[Row House in Sumiyoshi|Row House]], Sumiyoshi, 1979| [[Church of the Light]], Osaka, 1989|Water Temple, Awaji, 1991}} | significant_projects = Rokko Housing I, II, III, Kobe, 1983&ndash;1999 | significant_design = }} {{nihongo|'''Tadao Ando'''|安藤 忠雄|Andō Tadao|born 13 September 1941}} is a Japanese [[autodidact|self-taught]] [[architect]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greatbuildings.com/architects/Tadao_Ando.html|title=Tadao Ando - Great Buildings Online|website=www.greatbuildings.com|access-date=7 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910020807/http://www.greatbuildings.com/architects/Tadao_Ando.html|archive-date=10 September 2017}}</ref><ref name=pritzker>{{cite web |url=http://www.pritzkerprize.com/1995/bio |title=Biography: Tadao Ando |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=The Pritzker Architecture Prize |access-date=4 March 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109153828/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/1995/bio |archive-date=9 November 2017 }}</ref> whose approach to [[architecture]] and [[landscape]] was categorized by architectural historian [[Francesco Dal Co]] as "[[critical regionalism]]". He is the winner of the 1995 [[Pritzker Prize]]. ==Early life== Ando was born a few years before his little brother in 1941 in [[Osaka]], Japan.<ref name="notablebiographies">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.notablebiographies.com/newsmakers2/2005-A-Fi/Ando-Tadao.html|title=Tadao Ando|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of World Biography|publisher=Advameg, Inc.|access-date=18 November 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129065212/http://www.notablebiographies.com/newsmakers2/2005-A-Fi/Ando-Tadao.html|archive-date=29 November 2014}}</ref> At the age of two, his family chose to separate them, and have Tadao live with his great grandmother.<ref name="notablebiographies"/> He worked as a boxer and fighter before settling on the profession of [[architect]], despite never having formal training in the field. Struck by the [[Frank Lloyd Wright]]-designed [[Imperial Hotel, Tokyo|Imperial Hotel]] on a trip to Tokyo as a second-year high school student, he eventually decided to end his boxing career less than two years after graduating from high school to pursue architecture.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=20120829000936|title=일본의 건축 거장 안도 다다오..."늘 도전하고 스스로 깨뜨려라"|last=헤럴드경제|date=2012-08-29|access-date=2017-10-16|language=ko|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016174057/http://news.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=20120829000936|archive-date=2017-10-16}}</ref> He attended night classes to learn drawing and took correspondence courses on [[interior design]].<ref>Makiko Kitamura (September 29, 2009), [https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aucot6gFTq_Y Bono’s Home Designer Ando Plans Art Center at Provence Winery] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924185602/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aucot6gFTq_Y |date=2015-09-24 }} ''[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]''.</ref> He visited buildings designed by renowned architects like [[Le Corbusier]], [[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]], Frank Lloyd Wright, and [[Louis Kahn]] before returning to Osaka in 1968 to establish his own design studio, Tadao Ando Architects and Associates.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yatzer.com/yatzerpedia/tadao-ando|title=Tadao Ando|date=2016-11-08|website=Yatzer|language=en|access-date=2020-02-14}}</ref> ==Career== ===Style=== <!-- ============================================================================================================== Enough images -don't add more in lead because it is CRASHING THE LAYOUT ============================================================================================================ --> [[File:Ft Worth Modern 02.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |[[Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth]], Fort Worth, Texas]] [[File:Ft Worth Modern 08.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, showing the restaurant]] [[File:Galleria akka.jpg|thumb|Galleria Akka, [[Osaka]], 1988]] Ando was raised in Japan where the [[Religion in Japan|religion]] and style of life strongly influenced his architecture and design. Ando's architectural style is said to create a "[[haiku]]" effect, emphasizing nothingness and empty space to represent the beauty of simplicity. He favors designing complex spatial circulation while maintaining the appearance of simplicity. A self-taught architect, he keeps his Japanese culture and language in mind while he travels around Europe for research. As an architect, he believes that architecture can change society, that "to change the dwelling is to change the city and to reform society".<ref>Masao Furuyama. “Tadao Ando”. [[Taschen]], 2006. {{ISBN|978-3-8228-4895-1}}.</ref> "Reform society" could be a promotion of a place or a change of the identity of that place. Werner Blaser has said, "Good buildings by Tadao Ando create memorable identity and therefore publicity, which in turn attracts the public and promotes market penetration".<ref>Werner Blaser, ''Tadao Ando, Architecktur der Stille, Architecture of Silence'' Birkhäuser, 2001. {{ISBN|3-7643-6448-3}}.</ref> The simplicity of his architecture emphasizes the concept of sensation and physical experiences, mainly influenced by Japanese culture. The religious term [[Zen]], focuses on the concept of simplicity and concentrates on inner feeling rather than outward appearance. Zen influences vividly show in Ando's work and became its distinguishing mark. In order to practice the idea of simplicity, Ando's architecture is mostly constructed with concrete, providing a sense of cleanliness and weightlessness (even though concrete is a heavy material) at the same time.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Goldberger|first=Paul|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/23/arts/architecture-view-laureate-in-a-land-of-zen-and-microchips.html|title=ARCHITECTURE VIEW; 'Laureate' in a Land of Zen and Microchips|date=1995-04-23|work=The New York Times|access-date=2020-02-14|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Due to the simplicity of the exterior, construction, and organization of the space are relatively potential in order to represent the aesthetic of sensation.Ando once came to Mumbai where he met Indian architects like [[B.V.Doshi]], [[Charles Correa ]] and [[Bijoy Jain]]. Besides Japanese religious architecture, Ando has also designed Christian churches, such as the [[Church of the Light]] (1989) and the Church in Tarumi (1993).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jin Baek.|title=Nothingness : Tadao Ando's Christian Sacred Space.|date=2009|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-282-15316-5|oclc=742294296}}</ref> Although Japanese and Christian churches display distinct characteristics, Ando treats them in a similar way. He believes there should be no difference in designing religious architecture and houses. As he explains, <blockquote>We do not need to differentiate one from the other. Dwelling in a house is not only a functional issue, but also a spiritual one. The house is the locus of heart ([[kokoro]]), and the heart is the locus of god. Dwelling in a house is a search for the heart ([[kokoro]]) as the locus of god, just as one goes to church to search for god. An important role of the church is to enhance this sense of the spiritual. In a spiritual place, people find peace in their heart ([[kokoro]]), as in their homeland.<ref>Jin Baek, ''Nothingness: Tadao Ando’s Christian Sacred Space''. Routledge, 2009. {{ISBN|978-0-415-47854-0}}.</ref></blockquote> Besides speaking of the spirit of architecture, Ando also emphasises the association between nature and architecture.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1994/0218/18121.html|title=Tadao Ando Builds With Nature In Mind|date=1994-02-18|work=Christian Science Monitor|access-date=2020-02-14|issn=0882-7729}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/13-examples-of-modern-architecture-by-tadao-ando|title=13 Examples of Modern Architecture by Tadao Ando|last=Allen|first=Eric|website=Architectural Digest|language=en|access-date=2020-02-14}}</ref> He intends for people to easily experience the spirit and beauty of nature through architecture. He believes architecture is responsible for performing the [[Propositional attitude|attitude]] of the site and makes it visible. This not only represents his theory of the role of architecture in society but also shows why he spends so much time studying architecture from physical experience. In 1995, Ando won the [[Pritzker Prize]] for architecture, considered the highest distinction in the field.<ref name=pritzker/> He donated the $100,000 prize money to the orphans of the 1995 [[Great Hanshin earthquake|Kobe earthquake]].<ref>Muschamp, Herbert. (1995). [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE0DF1E39F932A1575AC0A963958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=3 "Among the Fountains with Tadao Ando; Concrete Dreams In the Sun King's Court,"] ''New York Times.'' September 21, 1995.</ref> ===Buildings and works=== [[File:Shikokumura gallery02s3200.jpg|thumb|left|Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Art, Kobe]] Tadao Ando's body of work is known for the creative use of natural light and for structures that follow natural forms of the landscape, rather than disturbing the landscape by making it conform to the constructed space of a building. Ando's buildings are often characterized by complex three-dimensional circulation paths. These paths weave in between interior and exterior spaces formed both inside large-scale geometric shapes and in the spaces between them. His "[[Row House in Sumiyoshi]]" (Azuma House, 住吉の長屋), a small two-story, cast-in-place [[concrete]] house completed in 1976, is an early work which began to show elements of his characteristic style. It consists of three equal rectangular volumes: two enclosed volumes of interior spaces separated by an open courtyard. The courtyard's position between the two interior volumes becomes an integral part of the house's circulation system. The house is famous for the contrast between appearance and spatial organization which allow people to experience the richness of the space within the geometry.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/50-years-of-japans-changing-architectural-landscape|title=50 Years of Japan's Changing Architectural Landscape|last=Brandon|first=Elissaveta M.|website=Architectural Digest|language=en|access-date=2020-02-14}}</ref> Ando's housing complex at [[Rokko]], just outside [[Kobe]], is a complex warren of terraces and balconies, [[atrium (architecture)|atrium]]s and shafts. The designs for Rokko Housing One (1983) and for Rokko Housing Two (1993) illustrate a range of issues in traditional architectural vocabulary—the interplay of solid and void, the alternatives of open and closed, the contrasts of light and darkness. More significantly, Ando's noteworthy engineering achievement in these clustered buildings is site specific—the structures survived undamaged after the [[Great Hanshin earthquake]] of 1995.<ref name="gold95">Goldberger, Paul. [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE0DF103AF930A15757C0A963958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=3 "Architecture View: 'Laureate' in a Land of Zen and Microchips,"] ''The New York Times.'' April 23, 1995.</ref> ''New York Times'' architectural critic Paul Goldberger argues that: <blockquote>Ando is right in the Japanese tradition: spareness has always been a part of Japanese architecture, at least since the 16th century; [and] it is not without reason that [[Frank Lloyd Wright]] more freely admitted to the influences of Japanese architecture than of anything American."<ref name="gold95"/></blockquote> Like Wright's Imperial Hotel in Tokyo [[Imperial Hotel, Tokyo#Second Imperial Hotel 1923-1968|Second Imperial Hotel 1923-1968]], which did survive the [[1923 Great Kantō earthquake|Great Kantō earthquake]] of 1923, site specific decision-making, anticipates seismic activity in several of Ando's [[Awaji, Hyōgo|Hyōgo-Awaji]] buildings.<ref>Bassin, Joan. [http://www.nbm.org/blueprints/summer96/page4/page4.htm "Frank Lloyd Wright's Imperial Hotel"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019000503/http://www.nbm.org/blueprints/summer96/page4/page4.htm |date=2007-10-19 }}, National Building Museum exhibition.</ref> ==Projects== [[File:Langen Foundation Neuss 02.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Langen Foundation]] [[File:Langen Foundation Neuss 01.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Langen Foundation]] [[File:Langen Foundation Neuss 03.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Langen Foundation]] [[File:Pulitzerfoundation.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |[[Pulitzer Arts Foundation]]]] [[File:Church of Light.JPG|thumb|upright=1.35 |The [[Church of the Light]] in Ibaraki, Osaka]] [[Image:真言宗本福寺水御堂安藤忠雄建築研究所15.JPG|thumb|upright=1.35 |Honpuku Temple (Water Temple)]] [[File:Suntory museum osaka01.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |[[Suntory Museum]] in Osaka]] [[File:Akita Museum of Art, stairs.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Akita Museum of Art, stairs]] [[File:Lee U-Fan museum 李禹煥美術館 香川県香川郡直島町字倉浦 PC192983.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Lee Ufan museum]] [[File:Westin Awaji Island Hotel 03.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Westin Awaji Island Hotel]] [[File:Hyogo prefectural museum of art15n4592.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Hyogo prefectural museum of art]] [[File:Hyogo prefectural museum of art16 2000.JPG|thumb|upright=1.35 |Hyogo prefectural museum of art]] [[File:Shikokumura gallery03s3200.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35 |The Shikokumura gallery]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Building/project !! Location !! Country !! Date |- | Tomishima House || [[Osaka]] || Japan || 1973 |- | Uchida House || || Japan || 1974 |- | Uno House || [[Kyoto]] || Japan || 1974 |- | Hiraoka House || [[Hyōgo Prefecture]] || Japan || 1974 |- | Shibata House || [[Ashiya, Hyogo]] Prefecture || Japan || 1974 |- | Tatsumi House || Osaka || Japan || 1975 |- | Soseikan-Yamaguchi House || Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1975 |- | Takahashi House || Ashiya, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1975 |- | Matsumura House || [[Kobe]] || Japan || 1975 |- | [[Row House in Sumiyoshi]] (Azuma House) || Sumiyoshi, Osaka || Japan || 1976 |- | Hirabayashi House || [[Osaka Prefecture]] || Japan || 1976 |- | Bansho House || [[Aichi Prefecture]] || Japan || 1976 |- | Tezukayama Tower Plaza || Sumiyoshi, Osaka || Japan || 1976 |- | Tezukayama House-Manabe House || Osaka || Japan || 1977 |- | Wall House (Matsumoto House) || Ashiya, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1977 |- | Glass Block House (Ishihara House) || Osaka || Japan || 1978 |- | Okusu House || [[Setagaya, Tokyo]] || Japan || 1978 |- | Glass Block Wall (Horiuchi House) || Sumiyoshi, Osaka || Japan || 1979 |- | Katayama Building || Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1979 |- | Onishi House || Sumiyoshi, Osaka || Japan || 1979 |- | Matsutani House || Kyoto || Japan || 1979 |- | Ueda House || [[Okayama Prefecture]] || Japan || 1979 |- | Step || [[Takamatsu, Kagawa]] || Japan || 1980 |- | Matsumoto House || [[Wakayama, Wakayama]] Prefecture || Japan || 1980 |- | Fuku House || Wakayama, Wakayama Prefecture || Japan || 1980 |- | Bansho House Addition || Aichi Prefecture || Japan || 1981 |- | Koshino House || Ashiya, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1981 |- | Kojima Housing (Sato House) || Okayama Prefecture || Japan || 1981 |- | Atelier in Oyodo || Osaka || Japan || 1981 |- | Tea House for Soseikan-Yamaguchi House || Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1982 |- | Ishii House || [[Shizuoka Prefecture]] || Japan || 1982 |- | Akabane House || Setagaya, Tokyo || Japan || 1982 |- | Kujo Townhouse (Izutsu House) || Osaka || Japan || 1982 |- | Rokko Housing One ({{Coord|34.725613|135.227564|region:JP_type:landmark_scale:2000_source:wikimapia}})|| Rokko, [[Hyōgo Prefecture]] || Japan || 1983 |- | Bigi Atelier || [[Shibuya, Tokyo]] || Japan || 1983 |- | Umemiya House || Kobe || Japan || 1983 |- | Kaneko House || Shibuya, Tokyo || Japan || 1983 |- | Festival || [[Naha]], Okinawa prefecture || Japan || 1984 |- | Time's || Kyoto || Japan || 1984 |- | Koshino House Addition || Ashiya, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1984 |- | Melrose, [[Meguro]] || Tokyo || Japan || 1984 |- | Uejo House || Osaka Prefecture || Japan || 1984 |- | Ota House || Okayama Prefecture || Japan || 1984 |- | Moteki House || Kobe || Japan || 1984 |- | Shinsaibashi Tokyu Building || [[Osaka Prefecture]] || Japan || 1984<ref>{{cite web |url=http://whatwedoissecret.alabonfire.com/2006/10/an-encounter/ |title=An Encounter |last=Nobi |first=Sacré |date=25 October 2006 |website=What We Do Is Secret |access-date=19 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326191721/http://whatwedoissecret.alabonfire.com/2006/10/an-encounter/ |archive-date=26 March 2011}}</ref> |- | Iwasa House || Ashiya, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1984 |- | Hata House ({{Coord|34.76805|135.32397|region:JP_type:landmark_scale:1_source:wikimapia}})|| [[Nishinomiya]], Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1984 |- | Atelier Yoshie Inaba || Shibuya, Tokyo || Japan || 1985 |- | Jun Port Island Building || Kobe || Japan || 1985 |- | Mon-petit-chou || Kyoto || Japan || 1985 |- | Guest House for Hattori House || Osaka || Japan || 1985 |- | Taiyō Cement Headquarters Building || Osaka || Japan || 1986 |- | TS Building || Osaka || Japan || 1986 |- | Chapel on [[Mount Rokko]] || Kobe || Japan || 1986 |- | Old/New Rokkov || Kobe || Japan || 1986 |- | Kidosaki House || Setagaya, Tokyo || Japan || 1986 |- | Fukuhara Clinic || Setagaya, Tokyo || Japan || 1986 |- | Sasaki House || [[Minato, Tokyo]] || Japan || 1986 |- | Main Pavilion for Tennoji Fair || Osaka || Japan || 1987 |- | Karaza Theater || Tokyo || Japan || 1987 |- | Ueda House Addition || Okayama Prefecture || Japan || 1987 |- |[[Church on the Water]]|| Tomamu, Hokkaido || Japan || 1988 |- | Galleria Akka || [[Osaka]] || Japan || 1988 |- | Children's Museum || [[Himeji, Hyōgo]] || Japan || 1989 |- | [[Church of the Light]] ({{Coord|34.818763|135.37201|region:IN_type:landmark_scale:2000_source:wikimapia}})|| [[Ibaraki, Osaka|Ibaraki]] [[Osaka Prefecture]] || Japan || 1989<ref>{{cite web |url=http://architecture.mit.edu/~barandon/4.203/overview_page.htm |title=The Church of Light - Tadao Ando |date=25 November 2001 |access-date=19 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070408003658/http://architecture.mit.edu/~barandon/4.203/overview_page.htm |archive-date=8 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Michelle Chan |url=http://www.arch.mcgill.ca/prof/mellin/arch671/winter2000/mchan/precedents/ando.html |title=Church of the Light - Tadao Ando |publisher=Arch.mcgill.ca |date=2000-02-23 |access-date=2014-01-03 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909011331/http://www.arch.mcgill.ca/prof/mellin/arch671/winter2000/mchan/precedents/ando.html |archive-date=2015-09-09 }}</ref> |- | Collezione || Minato, Tokyo || Japan || 1989 |- | Morozoff P&P Studio || Kobe || Japan || 1989 |- | Raika Headquarters || Osaka || Japan || 1989 |- | Natsukawa Memorial Hall || [[Hikone, Shiga]] || Japan || 1989 |- | Yao Clinic, [[Neyagawa]] || Osaka Prefecture || Japan || 1989 |- | Matsutani House Addition || Kyoto || Japan || 1990 |- | Ito House, Setagaya || Tokyo || Japan || 1990 |- | Iwasa House Addition || Ashiya, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1990 |- | Garden of Fine Arts || Osaka || Japan || 1990 |- | S Building || Osaka || Japan || 1990 |- | Water Temple ({{Coord|34.546406|134.98813|region:JP_type:landmark_scale:2000_source:wikimapia}})|| [[Awaji Island]], Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1991<ref>[http://www.floornature.com/worldaround/articolo.php/art34/3/en/arch Floornature - architectural news, design and information resource for ceramic tile and stone<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040915013323/http://www.floornature.com/worldaround/articolo.php/art34/3/en/arch |date=2004-09-15 }}</ref> |- | Atelier in Oyodo II || Osaka || Japan || 1991 |- | Time's II || Kyoto || Japan || 1991 |- | Museum of Literature || [[Himeji, Hyōgo]] || Japan || 1991 |- | Sayoh Housing || Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1991 |- | Minolta Seminar House || Kobe || Japan || 1991 |- | Benesse House || [[Naoshima, Kagawa]] || Japan || 1992<ref name="NYTimesJapaIsland">{{cite news|last1=Williams|first1=Ingrid K|title=Japanese Island as Unlikely Arts Installation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/28/travel/naoshima-japan-an-unlikely-island-as-art-attraction.html|access-date=13 December 2016|work=The New York Times|date=26 August 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220152255/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/28/travel/naoshima-japan-an-unlikely-island-as-art-attraction.html|archive-date=20 December 2016}}</ref> |- | Japanese Pavilion for Expo 92 || [[Seville]] || Spain || 1992 |- | Otemae Art Center || Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1992 |- | Forest of Tombs Museum || [[Kumamoto Prefecture]] || Japan || 1992 |- | Rokko Housing Two || Rokko, Kobe || Japan || 1993 |- | [[Vitra (furniture)|Vitra]] Seminar House || [[Weil am Rhein]] || Germany || 1993 |- | Gallery Noda || Kobe || Japan || 1993 |- | YKK Seminar House || [[Chiba Prefecture]] || Japan || 1993 |- | Suntory Museum || Osaka || Japan || 1994 |- | Maxray Headquarters Building || Osaka || Japan || 1994 |- | [[Osaka Prefectural Chikatsu Asuka Museum|Chikatsu Asuka Museum]] || Osaka Prefecture || Japan || 1994 |- | Kiyo Bank, Sakai Building || [[Sakai, Osaka]] || Japan || 1994 |- | Garden of Fine Art || Kyoto || Japan || 1994 |- | Museum of wood culture || Kami, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1994 |- | Inamori Auditorium || [[Kagoshima]] || Japan || 1994 |- | Nariwa Museum || Okayama Prefecture || Japan || 1994 |- | Naoshima Contemporary Art Museum || [[Naoshima, Kagawa]] || Japan || 1995<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naoshima-is.co.jp/english/%5D|title=ベネッセアートサイト直島|website=ベネッセアートサイト直島|access-date=7 May 2018}}</ref> |- | Atelier in Oyodo Annex || Osaka || Japan || 1995 |- | [[Nagaragawa Convention Center]] || [[Gifu, Gifu|Gifu]] || Japan || 1995 |- | Naoshima Contemporary Art Museum Annex || Naoshima, Kagawa Prefecture || Japan || 1995 |- | Meditation Space, UNESCO || [[Paris]] || France || 1995<ref>{{Cite web|last=Furuyama|first=Masao|date=|title=Ando (Basic Art Series)|url=https://www.taschen.com/pages/en/catalogue/architecture/all/49278/facts.ando.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-01-30|website=www.taschen.com|page=71-72|language=en}}</ref> |- | Asahi Beer Oyamazaki Villa Museum of Art || Kyoto Prefecture || Japan || 1995<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.asahibeer-oyamazaki.com/english/ |title=Asahi Beer Oyamazaki Villa Museum of Art |publisher=Asahibeer-oyamazaki.com |date=2013-12-26 |access-date=2014-01-03 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103212442/http://www.asahibeer-oyamazaki.com/english/ |archive-date=2014-01-03 }}</ref> |- | Shanghai Pusan Ferry Terminal || Osaka || Japan || 1996 |- | Museum of Literature II, Himeji || Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1996 |- | Gallery Chiisaime (Sawada House) || Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1996 |- | Museum of Gojo Culture & Annex || Gojo, Nara Prefecture || Japan || 1997 |- | Toto Seminar House || Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1997 |- | Yokogurayama Natural Forest Museum || [[Kōchi Prefecture]] || Japan || 1997 |- | Harima Kogen Higashi Primary School & Junior High School || Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1997 |- | Koumi Kogen Museum || [[Nagano Prefecture]] || Japan || 1997 |- | Eychaner/Lee House || [[Chicago]], Illinois || United States || 1997 |- | Daikoku Denki Headquarters Building || Aichi Prefecture || Japan || 1998 |- | Daylight Museum || Shiga Prefecture || Japan || 1998 |- | Junichi Watanabe Memorial Hall || Sapporo || Japan || 1998 |- | [[Asahi Shimbun]] Okayama Bureau || Okayama || Japan || 1998 |- | Siddhartha Children and Women Hospital || Butwal || Nepal || 1998 |- | Church of the Light Sunday School || Ibaraki, Osaka Prefecture || Japan || 1999 |- | Rokko Housing III' || Kobe || Japan || 1999 |- | Shell Museum, Nishinomiya || Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 1999 |- | [[Fabrica research centre|Fabrica]] (Benetton Communication Research Center) || [[Villorba]] || Italy || 2000 |- | Awaji-Yumebutai ({{Coord|34.560983|135.008144|region:JP_type:landmark_scale:2000_source:wikimapia}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wikimapia.org#y=34560983&x=135008144&z=16&l=21&m=a|title=Wikimapia - Let's describe the whole world!|website=wikimapia.org|access-date=7 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110804073255/http://wikimapia.org/#y=34560983&x=135008144&z=16&l=21&m=a|archive-date=4 August 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref>) || Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 2000 |- | Rockfield Shizuoka Factory || Shizuoka || Japan || 2000 |- | [[Pulitzer Arts Foundation]] || [[St. Louis, Missouri]] || United States || 2001 |- | Komyo-ji (shrine) || [[Saijō, Ehime]] || Japan || 2001 |- | [[Ryotaro Shiba]] Memorial Museum || [[Higashiosaka, Osaka]] prefecture || Japan || 2001 |- | Sayamaike Historical Museum || Osaka || Japan || 2001 |- | Teatro Armani-Armani World Headquarters || Milan || Italy || 2001 |- | [[Hyōgo Prefectural Museum of Art]] || Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture || Japan || 2002<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.artm.pref.hyogo.jp/eng/access/archtect/arc/index.html|title=Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Art|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|website=Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Art_Architectural Overview|access-date=28 September 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928150142/http://www.artm.pref.hyogo.jp/eng/access/archtect/arc/index.html|archive-date=28 September 2017}}</ref> |- | [[Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth]] || [[Fort Worth]], Texas || United States || 2002<ref>[http://www.themodern.org/newando.html Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040814044441/http://www.themodern.org/newando.html |date=2004-08-14 }}</ref> |- | [[Piccadilly Gardens]] || [[Manchester]] || United Kingdom || 2002; part-demolished 2020.<ref>{{cite web |title=C20 condemns the demolition of Tadao Ando's wall in Manchester |publisher=[[Twentieth Century Society]] |url=https://c20society.org.uk/news/c20-condemns-the-demolition-of-tadao-andos-wall-in-manchester |date=17 November 2020 |access-date=1 December 2020 }}</ref> |- | [[4x4 house]] || [[Kobe]] || Japan || 2003 |- | Invisible House || [[Ponzano Veneto]] || Italy || 2004 |- | [[Chichu Art Museum]] || [[Naoshima, Kagawa]] || Japan || 2004<ref>[http://www.chichu.jp/ Chichu Art Museum] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050428023629/http://www.chichu.jp/ |date=2005-04-28 }}</ref> |- | [[Langen Foundation]] || [[Neuss]] || Germany || 2004<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.langenfoundation.de/ |title=Langen Foundation |publisher=Langenfoundation.de |access-date=2014-01-03 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124065614/http://www.langenfoundation.de/ |archive-date=2013-01-24 }}</ref> |- | [[Gunma Insect World]] Insect Observation Hall || [[Kiryū, Gunma]] || Japan || 2005 |- | [[Picture Book Museum, Iwaki City|Picture Book Museum]] || [[Iwaki, Fukushima]] Prefecture || Japan || 2005<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tadao-ando.com/bio_worksE.html |title=Works 安藤忠雄 Tadao Ando |publisher=Tadao-ando.com |access-date=2014-01-03 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140128161043/http://www.tadao-ando.com/bio_worksE.html |archive-date=2014-01-28 }}</ref> |- | [[Saka no Ue no Kumo Museum]] || [[Matsuyama, Ehime]] || Japan || 2006 |- | Morimoto (restaurant) || [[Chelsea Market]], [[Manhattan]] || United States || 2005 |- | Sakura Garden || Osaka || Japan || 2006 |- | [[Omotesando Hills]], Jingumae 4-Chome || Tokyo || Japan || 2006 |- | House in Shiga || [[Ōtsu, Shiga]] || Japan || 2006 |- | [[21 21 Design Sight]] || [[Minato, Tokyo]] || Japan || 2007 |- | Stone Hill Center expansion for the [[Clark Art Institute]] || [[Williamstown, Massachusetts]] || United States || 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.andotadao.org/clark/ |title=Clark Art Institute |publisher=Andotadao.org |date=2009-03-14 |access-date=2014-01-03 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923172124/http://www.andotadao.org/clark/ |archive-date=2015-09-23 }}</ref> |- | [[Phoenix Island Villa Condo & Club House#Glass House|Glass House]] || Seopjikoji || South Korea|| 2008<ref name=space>{{cite journal |last=Shim |first=Youngkyu |date=19 November 2013 |title=Here, Now, Ando Tadao |url=http://www.vmspace.com/eng/sub_emagazine_view.asp?category=people&idx=11783 |journal=Space Magazine |location=Seoul |access-date=8 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108221750/http://www.vmspace.com/eng/sub_emagazine_view.asp?category=people&idx=11783 |archive-date=8 November 2014 }}</ref> |- | [[Phoenix Island Villa Condo & Club House#Genius Loci|Genius Loci]] || Seopjikoji || South Korea || 2008<ref name=space/> |- | [[Punta della Dogana]] (restoration) || [[Venice]] || Italy|| 2009<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.palazzograssi.it/ |title=Arte contemporanea &#124; Palazzo Grassi |language=it |publisher=Palazzograssi.it |date=2013-12-18 |access-date=2014-01-03 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111061043/http://www.palazzograssi.it/ |archive-date=2014-01-11 }}</ref> |- | [[Tokyo Skytree]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://japanfakta.se|title=Tokyo sky tree|publisher=stad|access-date=2014-04-06|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408212847/http://japanfakta.se/|archive-date=2014-04-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.batangastoday.com/tokyo-sky-tree-tower-worlds-tallest-broadcast-tower-designed-by-tadao-ando-and-kiichi-sumikawa/10432/ |title=Tokyo Sky Tree Tower |publisher=batangastoday.com |access-date=6 April 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407080424/http://www.batangastoday.com/tokyo-sky-tree-tower-worlds-tallest-broadcast-tower-designed-by-tadao-ando-and-kiichi-sumikawa/10432/ |archive-date=7 April 2014 |date=March 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.glasssteelandstone.com/BuildingDetail/954.php |title=Building detail |publisher=Glasstreelandstone.com |access-date=6 April 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130430152158/http://www.glasssteelandstone.com/BuildingDetail/954.php |archive-date=30 April 2013 }}</ref> || Tokyo || Japan || 2009 |- | House, stable, and mausoleum for fashion designer and film director [[Tom Ford]]'s [[Cerro Pelon Ranch]] || near [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]] || United States || 2009 |- | Rebuilding the Kobe Kaisei Hospital || Nada Ward, Kobe || Japan || 2009 |- | Gate of Creation, [[Universidad de Monterrey]] || [[Monterrey]] || Mexico || 2009 |- | [[NIWAKA]] Building || Kyoto || Japan || 2009<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kenchiqoo.net/english/archives/000786.html|title=NIWAKA Kyoto flagship store / Tadao Ando: TATEMOG|website=kenchiqoo.net|access-date=7 May 2018}}</ref> |- | Capella Niseko Resort and Residences || Niseko, Abuta District, Shiribeshi, Hokkaido Prefecture || Japan || 2010 |- | Interior design of [[Miklós Ybl]] Villa || Budapest || Hungary || 2010 |- | [[Kaminoge Station]], Tokyu Corporation || Tokyo || Japan || 2011 |- | Centro Roberto Garza Sada of Art Architecture and Design || [[Monterrey]] || Mexico || 2012 |- | [[Akita Museum of Art]] || [[Akita, Akita]] || Japan || 2012 |- | Bonte Museum || [[Seogwipo]] || South Korea|| 2012<ref name=space/> |- | [[Asia Museum of Modern Art]] || [[Wufeng, Taichung]] || Taiwan || 2013 |- | Hansol Museum<ref>{{cite news |last=Woo-young |first=Lee |date=16 May 2013 |title=Nature and art become one at Hansol Museum |url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20130516000695 |newspaper=The Korea Herald |location=Seoul |access-date=4 April 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102074552/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20130516000695 |archive-date=2 November 2013 }}</ref> ([[Museum SAN]]) || [[Wonju]] || South Korea || 2013 |- | [[Aurora Museum]] || [[Shanghai]] || China || 2013 |- | Visitor, Exhibition and Conference Center, [[Clark Art Institute]] || [[Williamstown, Massachusetts]] || United States || 2014 |- |[http://casawabi.org/ Casa Wabi] |[[Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca|Puerto Escondido, Oax]] |Mexico |2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://casawabi.org/quehacemos/|title=Acerca de..About|website=casawabi|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-09|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410052516/http://casawabi.org/quehacemos/|archive-date=2017-04-10}}</ref> |- |[[JCC (Jaeneung Culture Center)]] |[[Seoul]] |South Korea |2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://webzine.etri.re.kr/eng/20170126/sub02.html|title=Insight Trip_Jaeneung Culture Center and Naksan Park|website=webzine.etri.re.kr|access-date=2017-09-28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928193438/http://webzine.etri.re.kr/eng/20170126/sub02.html|archive-date=2017-09-28}}</ref> |- |[[Hill of the Buddha]] |Sapporo |Japan |2015 |- |[[Setouchi Retreat Aonagi|Setouchi Aonagi]] |[[Matsuyama]], [[Ehime Prefecture|Ehime]] |Japan |2015 |- |[http://www.pearlartmuseum.org/ Pearl Art Museum] |Shanghai |China |2017 |- |[http://www.152elizabethst.com/ 152 Elizabeth Street Condominiums] |New York, New York |United States |2018 |- |Wrightwood 659 |Chicago |United States |2018<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.wttw.com/2018/10/16/inside-wrightwood-659-new-home-art-and-architecture|title=Inside Wrightwood 659, a New Home for Art and Architecture|website=WTTW News|language=en|access-date=2019-04-24}}</ref> |- |Nakanoshima Children's Book Forest |Osaka |Japan |2020<ref>{{cite web |title=Nakanoshima Children's Book Forest |url=https://kodomohonnomori.osaka/ |access-date=18 December 2020}}</ref> |} <gallery perrow="7" widths="160px" heights="160px" caption="Works and details of different works by Tadao Ando"> File:Asahi Beer Oyamazaki Villa Museum of Art.jpg |Asahi Beer Oyamazaki Villa Museum of Art, Kyoto File:Ando Eychaner LeeHouse.JPG|Lincoln park house, Chicago File:Ft Worth Modern 03.jpg|Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, showing the [[reflecting pool]] File:Himeji City Museum of Literature01s3872.jpg|Himeji City Museum of Literature File:Azuma house.JPG |Azuma House File:View from Akita Museum of Art 2.jpg|View from Akita Museum of Art File:Rokko Mount Chapel Tadao Ando.jpg |Mount Rokko Chapel File:Suntory Museum11s3.jpg|Suntory Museum, showing the staircase and the inside structure File:Himeji City Museum of Literature03s3200.jpg|City Museum of Literature File:Chikatsu asuka museum02s3592.jpg|Chikatsu Asuka museum File:Awaji yumebutai08s3200.jpg|Awaji Yumebutai in Awaji, Hyogo prefecture, Japan File:Awaji yumebutai13bs.jpg |Awaji Yumebutai, showing the view and the stairs down File:Suntory Museum09n.jpg|Suntory Museum, the parallelepiped intersecting the spherical body of the IMAX theatre, shown in profile File:Rokko Housing Tadao Ando.jpg |Rokko Housing I and II, Kobe File:Vitra Conference Pavillon.jpg|Vitra Conference Pavillon File:Langen Foundation.jpg|Langen Foundation at night </gallery> ==Awards== [[File:Kami-Noge-Sta-Central.JPG|thumb|Kaminoge Station in Tokyo]] [[File:Omotesando Hills 001.jpg|upright=0.7|thumb|The interior of the Omotesando Hills shopping complex in Tokyo]] [[File:Sky Tree.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Tokyo Skytree]] {{BLP sources section|date=June 2013}} {| class="wikitable" |+ ! Award !! Organization/location !! Country !! Date |- | Annual Prize (Row House, Sumiyoshi) || [[Architectural Institute of Japan]] || Japan || 1979 |- | Cultural Design Prize (Rokko Housing One and Two) || Tokyo|| Japan || 1983 |- | [[Alvar Aalto Medal]] || [[Finnish Association of Architects]] || Finland || 1985 |- | Gold Medal of Architecture || [[French Academy of Architecture]] || France || 1989 |- | [[Carlsberg Architectural Prize]] (International) || [[Carlsberg Foundation|New Carlsberg Foundation]], Copenhagen || Denmark || 1992 |- | Japan Art Academy Prize || [[Japan Art Academy]] || Japan || 1993 |- | [[Asahi Prize]] || Tokyo || Japan || 1994 |- | [[Pritzker Prize|Pritzker Architecture Prize]] (International) || Chicago || United States || 1995 |- | [[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]] || Paris || France || 1995 |- | [[Praemium Imperiale]] First “FRATE SOLE” Award in Architecture || Japan Art Association || Japan || 1996 |- | [[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Officier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]] || Paris || France || 1997 |- | [[Royal Gold Medal]] || [[Royal Institute of British Architects|RIBA]] || Great Britain || 1997 |- | [[AIA Gold Medal]] || [[American Institute of Architects]] || United States || 2002 |- | [[Kyoto Prize]] || [[Inamori Foundation]] || Japan || 2002 |- | [[Person of Cultural Merit]] || [[Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology]] || Japan || 2003 |- | [[International Union of Architects#UIA Gold Medal|UIA Gold Medal]] || [[International Union of Architects]] || France || 2005 |- | [[Order of Culture]] || [[Akihito|The Emperor]] || Japan || 2010 |- | [[Cal Poly Pomona College of Environmental Design|Neutra Medal for Professional Excellence]] || [[Cal Poly Pomona College of Environmental Design]] || United States || 2012<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thepolypost.com/news/env-college-awards-architect-tadao-ando/article_fe432bc6-7d2a-11e1-9860-0019bb30f31a.html|title=ENV college awards architect Tadao Ando|work=The Poly Post|access-date=2017-09-29|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509043933/http://www.thepolypost.com/news/env-college-awards-architect-tadao-ando/article_fe432bc6-7d2a-11e1-9860-0019bb30f31a.html|archive-date=2012-05-09}}</ref> |- | [[Order of the Star of Italy|Grand Officer of the Order of the Star of Italy]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=325903|title=Le onorificenze della Repubblica Italiana|first=Segretariato generale della Presidenza della Repubblica-Servizio sistemi informatici- reparto|last=web|website=Quirinale|access-date=7 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707212717/http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=325903|archive-date=7 July 2014}}</ref> || Rome || Italy || 2013 |- | [[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]]<ref>[https://jp.ambafrance.org/Remise-des-Arts-et-des-Lettres-a-M Ambafrance]</ref> || Paris || France || 2013 |- | [[Legion of Honour|Commandeur de l'Ordre de la Légion d'Honneur]]<ref>[https://jp.ambafrance.org/Remise-de-la-Legion-d-honneur-a-M-Tadao-Ando Ambafrance]</ref> || Paris || France || 2021 |- |} ==References== {{reflist}} ==Literature== *Francesco Dal Co. ''Tadao Ando: Complete Works''. Phaidon Press, 1997. {{ISBN|0-7148-3717-2}} *Kenneth Frampton. ''Tadao Ando: Buildings, Projects, Writings''. Rizzoli International Publications, 1984. {{ISBN|0-8478-0547-6}} *Randall J. Van Vynckt. ''International Dictionary of Architects and Architecture''. St. James Press, 1993. {{ISBN|1-55862-087-7}} *Masao Furuyama. “Tadao Ando”. Taschen, 2006. {{ISBN|978-3-8228-4895-1}} *Werner Blaser, “Tadao Ando, Architecktur der Stille, Architecture of silence” Birkhäuser, 2001. {{ISBN|3-7643-6448-3}} *Jin Baek, “Nothingness: Tadao Ando’s Christian Sacred Space”. Routledge, 2009. {{ISBN|978-0-415-47854-0}} ==External links== {{Commons category|Tadao Ando}} *[http://www.tadao-ando.com/index_eng.html Tadao Ando official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211065241/http://www.tadao-ando.com/index_eng.html |date=2015-02-11 }} *[http://www.minimalisti.com/architecture/01/minimalist-architect-tadao-ando.html Architect Tadao Ando projects] *[http://www.greatbuildings.com/architects/Tadao_Ando.html Tadao Ando page at greatbuildingsonline.com] *[http://archrecord.construction.com/people/interviews/archives/0205Ando.asp Architectural Record Magazine | Interviews | Tadao Ando] *{{MoMA artist|7055}} {{Pritzker Prize laureates}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ando, Tadao}} [[Category:1941 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Osaka]] [[Category:Tadao Ando buildings|*]] [[Category:20th-century Japanese architects]] [[Category:21st-century Japanese architects]] [[Category:Kyoto laureates in Arts and Philosophy]] [[Category:Pritzker Architecture Prize winners]] [[Category:Osaka University of Arts alumni]] [[Category:University of Tokyo faculty]] [[Category:Columbia University faculty]] [[Category:Recipients of the Royal Gold Medal]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of Culture]] [[Category:Recipients of the Praemium Imperiale]] [[Category:Members of the Académie d'architecture]] [[Category:Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]] [[Category:Japanese male boxers]] [[Category:Honorary Members of the Royal Academy]] [[Category:Recipients of the Legion of Honour]]'