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'{{short description|Wikipedia list article}} This '''list of hijackings of Indian aeroplanes''' is a listing of hijackings or hijacking attempts which have occurred on Indian aircraft. ==1970s== *[[1971 Indian Airlines hijacking|1971 January 30]] : An [[Indian Airlines]] plane on its way from [[Srinagar]] to [[Jammu]] was hijacked by Hashim Quereshi and Ashraf Quereshi of the [[JKLF]], who took it to [[Lahore]]. [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]], then Foreign Minister of [[Pakistan]] rushed to Lahore and met the hijacker. On February 1, he persuaded them to release the crew and passengers who were then sent by road to [[Amritsar]]. The [[Government of India]] sought permission of Pakistan to send a replacement crew to fly the aircraft back to India. Pakistan authorities denied the permission, and the hijackers torched the aircraft on February 2.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Fokker F-27 Friendship 100 VT-DMA Lahore Airport (LHE)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19710202-0|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref> *1976 September 10: Indian Airlines plane Boeing 737 was hijacked from [[Indira Gandhi International Airport|Palam Airport]] [[Delhi]] by a group of six terrorists from [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Kashmir]]: Syed Abdul Hameed Dewani along, Syed M Rafique, M Ahsan Rathore, Abdul Rashid Malik, Ghulam Rasool and Khawaja Ghulam Nabi Itoo. To refuel the plane, they took permission from CAA Lahore airport in Pakistan to land and refuel. The hijackers were caught in a trick during breakfast, being served colourless tranquilliser with water. All six hijackers were taken in custody and the plane was sent back to India with 83 passengers on board. The militants were later released in Pakistan citing "lack of evidence".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-200 registration unknown Lahore Airport (LHE)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19760910-3|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref> *1978 December 20: Friends [[Bholanath and Devendra Pandey|Bholanath Pandey and Devendra Pandey]] hijacked an Indian Airlines plane on a domestic flight. They demanded the release of opposition leader Indira Gandhi (who had been arrested by Indian parliament) and the withdrawal of all the cases against her son Sanjay Gandhi. They carried only toy weapons. After keeping 132 passengers hostage for some hours, they surrendered in the presence of media. This case was also mentioned by [[Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale]] to justify his claim regarding the hypocrisy of the Indian government.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-200 registration unknown Varanasi|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19781220-1|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref> ==1980s== *[[Indian Airlines Flight 423|1981 September 29]]: An Indian Airlines IC-423 plane on flight from Delhi to Amritsar was hijacked by Sikh extremists to get appropriate rights from India and taken to Lahore. Pakistan took commando action using its elite SSG, which cleared the plane and freed all passengers.<ref name="Nyt_IA_hijack1981">{{cite news |title=Sikh Separatists Hijack Indian Jetliner to Pakistan|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/09/30/world/sikh-separatists-hijack-indian-jetliner-to-pakistan.html |accessdate=13 July 2018 |work=New York Times |date=1981}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-200 registration unknown Lahore Airport (LHE)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19810929-2|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref> *[[1981 Seychelles coup d'état attempt|1981 November 25]]: Air India Flight 224, a [[Boeing 707]] plane VT-DVB "Kamet" on its way from [[Rhodesia]] to Mumbai, with 65 passengers and 13 crew members, was hijacked when it landed for refuelling at [[Mahé, Seychelles|Mahe, Seychelles]].The 43-strong team of mercenaries carrying an assortment of weapons demanded that the flight to be taken to [[Durban]] where the nightmare of the crew and the passengers ended after prolonged negotiations.<ref name="TOI_AI_hijack1981">{{cite news |title=Captain hosts his hijacker|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2168068.cms |accessdate=29 April 2020 |publisher=Times of India |date=2006}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 707-337C VT-DVB Durban|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19811126-0|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref> *1982 August 4: An Indian Airlines flight from Delhi to Amritsar was hijacked en-route by a Sikh militant with the help of a fake bomb. The hijacked plane landed at Amritsar (after being denied permission to land in Lahore, Pakistan). A police officer (sent in the disguise of a pilot) and some passengers overpowered the hijacker when his attention was diverted.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-200 registration unknown Amritsar-Raja Sansi Airport (ATQ)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19820804-1|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref> *1982 August 20: A lone Sikh militant, armed with a pistol and a hand grenade, hijacked a Boeing 737 on a scheduled flight from Jodhpur to New Delhi carrying 69 persons. Indian security forces killed the hijacker and rescued all passengers. [[Peter Lamont]], production designer working on the [[James Bond]] film ''[[Octopussy]]'', was a passenger.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-200 registration unknown Amritsar Airport (ATQ)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19820820-0|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref> *[[1984 Indian Airlines Airbus A300 hijacking|1984 July 5]] : An Indian Airlines jet IC 405 carrying 254 passengers and a crew of ten on flight from Srinagar to New Delhi was hijacked and forced to land in Lahore, Pakistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19840731-indian-airlines-airbus-hijacking-to-lahore-adds-bizarre-twist-to-punjab-saga-803159-1984-07-31|title=Indian Airlines airbus hijacking to Lahore adds bizarre twist to Punjab saga}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/india-s-tryst-with-plane-hijacks-114031800597_1.html|title=India's tryst with plane hijacks}}</ref> The hijackers were reported to be armed with pistols, daggers and explosives. The hijackers' surrender to Pakistani authorities ended a 17-hour ordeal for the plane's passengers and crew, who remained aboard the A-300 Airbus in suffocating heat, with little food and water.<ref name="NYT_1984_hijack">{{cite news |title=Indian Jet Carrying Z264 Hijacked to Pakistan, Reportedly by Sikhs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/06/world/indian-jet-carrying-z264-hijacked-to-pakistan-reportedly-by-sikhs.html |accessdate=13 July 2018 |work=New York Times |date=1984}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Airbus A300 registration unknown Lahore Airport (LHE)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19840705-0|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref> *[[1984 Indian Airlines IC 421 hijacking|1984 August 24]]: Seven young hijackers demanded an Indian Airlines jetliner IC 421, on a domestic flight from Delhi to Srinagar with 100 passengers on board, be flown to the United States. The plane was taken to Lahore, [[Karachi]] and finally to [[Dubai]] where the defense minister of UAE negotiated the release of the passengers. It was related to the secessionist struggle in the Indian state of Punjab. The hijacker was subsequently extradited by UAE authorities to India, who handed over the pistol recovered from the hijacker.<ref>{{cite web|date=1984-09-15|title=Longest hijack in Indian aviation history by Khalistan activists meets anti-climactic end|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/nation/story/19840915-longest-hijack-in-indian-aviation-history-by-khalistan-activists-meets-anti-climactic-end-803264-1984-09-15|url-status=live|website=[[India Today]]}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Wadhwaney|first=Kishin R.|title=Indian Airports (Shocking Ground Realities)|year=2004}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-2A8 Advanced VT-EFK Dubai Airport (DXB)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19840824-2|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref> *[[Pan Am Flight 73|1986 September 5]]: Boeing 747-121 serving the flight from Bombay, India, to New York, United States with 360 passengers on board, was hijacked while on the ground at Karachi by four armed Palestinian men of the [[Abu Nidal Organization]]. Forty-three passengers were injured or killed during the hijacking, including nationals from India, the United States, Pakistan, and Mexico. All the hijackers were arrested and sentenced to death in Pakistan; however, 4 of the hijackers remain at large. The 2016 Bollywood movie [[Neerja]] is based on this event, with focus on the actions of flight purser [[Neerja Bhanot]]. <ref name="asiantribune.com">{{cite news |url=http://www.asiantribune.com/news/2010/01/16/pan-am-flight-73-alleged-hijacker-%E2%80%98killed%E2%80%99-drone-attack-pakistan |title=Pan Am Flight-73 alleged hijacker 'killed' in drone attack in Pakistan |newspaper=Asian Tribune }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 747-121 N656PA Karachi International Airport (KHI)|url=https://www.aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19860905-0|url-status=live|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref> ==1990s== *1993 January 22: Indian Airlines Flight 810 en route from [[Lucknow Airport]] to the [[Indira Gandhi International Airport|Delhi-Indira Gandhi International Airport]] was hijacked and returned to Lucknow. The hijacker demanded the release of all [[karsevaks]] arrested after the [[Demolition of the Babri Masjid]] and for a [[Ram Mandir, Ayodhya|temple]] be built at [[Ram Janmabhoomi]]. The hijacker surrendered to officials after negotiations and the bomb he carried was found to be phony.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident unknown registration unknown Lucknow (LKO)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19930122-1|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Criminal Acts Against Civil Aviation 1993|publisher=[[FAA]], [[U.S. Department of Transport]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=Jan 23, 1993|title=The Indian Express}}</ref> *1993 March 27: Indian Airlines Fight 439 was hijacked en route from Delhi to Madras by a hijacker claiming to be strapped with explosives. He forced the plane to land in Amritsar (after being denied landing permission in Lahore) and demanded political asylum in Pakistan. The hijacker subsequently surrendered and the explosive was found to be a disguised hair-dryer.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Airbus A320-231 registration unknown Amritsar-Raja Sansi Airport (ATQ)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19930327-0|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> *1993 April 10: An Indian Airlines [[Boeing 737-2A8]], en route from Lucknow to Delhi, was hijacked by four students of the Government Arts College, Lucknow claiming to be strapped with explosives. They demanded changes to the college's courses, cancellation of an award to a professor and postponement of exams. The hijackers were overpowered by passengers on return to the [[Lucknow Airport]] and subsequently arrested by the police. They were found to be only carrying a small knife.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-2A8 registration unknown Lucknow-Amausi Airport (LKO)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19930410-0|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> *[[Indian Airlines Flight 427|1993 April 24]]: Indian Airlines aircraft bound for Srinagar via Jammu from Delhi is hijacked. The hijacker wanted to take the plane to Lahore, but Pakistan authorities refused permission. The plane landed at Amritsar where the hijacker was killed and passengers freed.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-2A8 registration unknown Amritsar-Raja Sansi Airport (ATQ)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19930424-1|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> *1999-2000: [[Indian Airlines Flight 814]], flying from [[Kathmandu]], is hijacked and diverted to [[Kandahar]]. After a week-long stand-off, India agrees to release three jailed terrorists in exchange for the hostages. One hostage was stabbed to death and his body thrown on the tarmac as a "warning attack".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Airbus A300B2-101 VT-EDW Kandahar Airport (KDH)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19991224-1|access-date=2021-08-06|website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Criminal Acts Against Civil Aviation 1999|publisher=[[Federal Aviation Authority]]}}</ref> == See also == *[[Anti-Hijacking Act, 2016]] *[[Air India Flight 182]] *[[List of hijackings of Turkish airplanes]] * [[List of aircraft hijackings]] * [[List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by location#India]] *[[List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by airline (A–C)#A]] *[[List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by airline (D–O)#I]] * [[List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft]] == References == <references /> == External links == * [http://www.ict.org.il/articles/articledet.cfm?articleid=99 Article] at [[International Institute for Counter-Terrorism|International Institute For Counter-Terrorism]] {{Lists of aviation accidents and incidents}}{{Aviation accidents and incidents in India}}{{Air India}} [[Category:Aircraft hijackings in India|*]] [[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in India| Hijackings]] [[Category:India aviation-related lists|Aircraft hijackings]] [[Category:Lists of aircraft hijackings|India]] [[Category:Lists of disasters in India|Aircraft hijackings]] [[Category:Sikh terrorism]] [[Category:India crime-related lists|Hijackings of aeroplanes]] [[Category:Aircraft hijackings in Pakistan]]'