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'{{Short description|French company dealing in natural language processing}}[[File:Cloem company logo.png|thumbnail|right|Cloem company logo]] ''''''CUM'''''''''Bold text'''''''''Bold text'''''''''Bold text''''''''''''''' is a company based in [[Cannes]], France, which applies [[natural language processing]] (NLP) technologies to assist patent applicants in creating variants of [[patent claims]], called "cloems".<ref name=bloomberg>{{cite web|author=Victoria Slind-Flor |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-10-03/cloem-pepsico-coca-cola-indyne-intellectual-property |title=Cloem, PepsiCo, Coca-Cola, InDyne: Intellectual Property |website=Bloomberg.com |date=2014-10-03 |accessdate=2015-11-30}}</ref> According to the company, these "computer-generated claims can be published to keep potential competitors from attempting to file adjacent patent claims."<ref name=bloomberg/> ==Technology== According to Cloem, dictionaries, [[Ontology (information science)|ontologies]] and proprietary claim-drafting algorithms are used to draft alternative claims based on a client's original set of claims.<ref name=bloomberg/> In particular, the original set of claims is subject to various permutations and linguistic manipulations<ref name=venturebeat>{{cite web |first1=Ben |last1=Hattenbach |first2=Joshua |last2=Glucoft |url=https://venturebeat.com/2015/02/16/two-new-startups-that-could-upend-intellectual-property-laws/ |title=Two new 'startups' that could upend intellectual property laws |publisher=VentureBeat |date=2015-02-16 |accessdate=2015-11-30}}</ref> "by considering alternative definitions for terms as well as “[[synonym]]s, [[hyponym]]s, [[hyperonym]]s, [[meronym]]s, [[holonym]]s, and [[antonym]]s.”"<ref name=patentlyo>{{cite web|url=http://patentlyo.com/patent/2014/10/would-cloems-patent.html |title=Would you like 10,000 Cloems with that Patent? |website=Patentlyo.com |date=2014-10-01 |accessdate=2015-11-30}}</ref> ==Possible uses== Cloem can optionally publish one or more created texts, as electronic publications or as paper-printed publications. These can potentially serve –through a [[defensive publication]]– as [[prior art]] to prevent another party for obtaining a patent on the subject-matter at stake.<ref name=venturebeat/> In other words, after an initial patent filing, an "improvement" patent (adjacent invention) can be applied for by another party, such as a competitor. By publishing variants of a patent claim, the risk of adverse patenting may potentially be decreased (improvement inventions may no longer be [[patentability|patentable]]). Cloems may also be potentially patentable. One of the issues of patentability, however, is that only a natural person can be a listed as an inventor on a patent. Since cloems are produced by a computer based on a person's input, it is not clear if the computer or the person is the inventor.<ref name="patentlyo"/> The [[inventorship]] of Cloem texts is an open question.<ref name=venturebeat/> ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} [[Category:Service companies of France]] [[Category:Patent law]] [[Category:Natural language processing]] {{France-company-stub}} {{comp-ling-stub}}'