Edit filter log

[ 0 => '{{Short description|Collection of birds with the same common name}}', 1 => '{{Other uses}}', 2 => '{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}', 3 => '[[File:3782 Common Raven in flight.jpg|thumb|right|A raven in flight]]', 4 => 'A '''raven''' is any of several larger-bodied [[bird]] species of the [[genus]] ''[[Corvus]]''. These species do not form a single [[Taxon|taxonomic group]] within the genus. There is no consistent distinction between "[[crow]]s" and "ravens", and these appellations have been assigned to different species chiefly on the basis of their size.', 5 => '', 6 => 'The largest raven species are the [[common raven]] and the [[thick-billed raven]].', 7 => '', 8 => '==Etymology==', 9 => 'The term "raven" originally referred to the [[common raven]] (''Corvus corax''), the [[type species]] of the genus ''Corvus'', which has a larger distribution than any other species of ''Corvus'', ranging over much of the [[Northern Hemisphere]].', 10 => '', 11 => 'The modern English word ''raven'' has cognates in all other [[Germanic languages]], including [[Old Norse]] (and subsequently [[Icelandic language|modern Icelandic]]) {{lang|non|hrafn}}<ref>''Oxford English Dictionary'' entry for "raven".</ref> and [[Old High German]] {{lang|goh|(h)raban}},<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia| title=Raven|encyclopedia=Oxford English Dictionary|editor=Simpson, J. |editor2=Weiner, E. | year=1989 |edition= 2nd| location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press|isbn= 0-19-861186-2}}</ref> all of which descend from [[Proto-Germanic]] {{lang|gem|*hrabanaz}}.<ref>{{cite web| title=Raven| work=Online Etymology Dictionary| url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=raven| access-date=14 May 2007}}</ref>', 12 => '', 13 => '[[Collective noun]]s for a group of ravens (or at least the common raven) include "rave",<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lipton|first=James|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AVNazQEACAAJ|title=An Exaltation of Larks|date=1991|publisher=Viking|isbn=978-0-670-30044-0|language=en}}</ref> "treachery",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://baltimorebirdclub.org/gnlist.html | title=Baltimore Bird Club. Group Name for Birds: A Partial List | access-date=3 June 2007}}</ref> "unkindness"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://baltimorebirdclub.org/gnlist.html | title=Baltimore Bird Club. Group Name for Birds: A Partial List | access-date=3 June 2007}}</ref> and "conspiracy".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucgc.org/terms-for-collections.htm|title=University of California Golf Club. List of Collective Nouns|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040918183029/http://www.ucgc.org/terms-for-collections.htm|archive-date=18 September 2004|access-date=16 July 2008}}</ref> In practice, most people use the more generic "flock".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=flock+of+ravens,unkindness+of+ravens,treachery+of+ravens,conspiracy+of+ravens&year_start=1900&year_end=2008&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2Cflock%20of%20ravens%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cunkindness%20of%20ravens%3B%2Cc0t1;,flock%20of%20ravens;,c0;.t1;,unkindness%20of%20ravens;,c0|title=Google Ngram Viewer|website=books.google.com|access-date=2020-01-05}}</ref>', 14 => '', 15 => '==Current species==', 16 => '* ''[[Corvus albicollis]]'' – [[white-necked raven]] (eastern and southern Africa)', 17 => '* ''[[Corvus corax]]'' – [[common raven]] (northern hemisphere)', 18 => '* ''[[Corvus coronoides]]'' – [[Australian raven]] (Australia)', 19 => '* ''[[Corvus crassirostris]]'' – [[thick-billed raven]] (Horn of Africa)', 20 => '* ''[[Corvus cryptoleucus]]'' – [[Chihuahuan raven]] (United States and Mexico)', 21 => '* ''[[Corvus mellori]]'' – [[little raven]] (southeastern Australia)', 22 => '* ''[[Corvus rhipidurus]]'' – [[fan-tailed raven]] (eastern Africa and Arabian peninsula)', 23 => '* ''[[Corvus ruficollis]]'' – [[brown-necked raven]] (northern Africa, Arabian peninsula, Greater Middle East)', 24 => '* ''[[Corvus tasmanicus]]'' – [[forest raven]] (Tasmania, southern Victoria and north-east NSW in Australia)', 25 => '', 26 => '<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">', 27 => 'File:Head of Raven.jpg|Head of a [[common raven]]', 28 => 'File:Corvus corax jouveniles.jpeg|Common ravens', 29 => 'File:Corvus cryptoleucus Arizona 2.jpg|[[Chihuahuan raven]]', 30 => 'File:Fan-tailed raven.jpg|[[Fan-tailed raven]]', 31 => 'File:Australian Raven Sydney University.jpg|[[Australian raven]]', 32 => 'File:Ravaged Raven in Flight.jpg|A raven with a damaged wing. It can still fly with ease.', 33 => '</gallery>', 34 => '', 35 => '==Extinct species==', 36 => '* †''[[Corvus moriorum]]'' – [[Chatham raven]]', 37 => '* †''[[Corvus antipodum]]'' – [[New Zealand raven]]', 38 => '* †''[[Corvus corax varius morpha leucophaeus]]'' – [[pied raven]]', 39 => '', 40 => '==See also==', 41 => '* [[Cultural depictions of ravens]]', 42 => '* [[Ravens of the Tower of London]]', 43 => '', 44 => '==References==', 45 => '{{Reflist}}', 46 => '', 47 => '==External links==', 48 => '{{Wikiquote|Ravens}}', 49 => '{{Wikisource1911Enc|Raven}}', 50 => '* [http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/crows-corvidae Raven videos] on the Internet Bird Collection', 51 => '* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101229105854/http://enature.com/fieldguides/view_default.asp?allSpecies=y&searchText=raven North American ravens] on eNature', 52 => '', 53 => '{{Animal common name}}', 54 => '{{Authority control}}', 55 => '', 56 => '[[Category:Ravens| ]]' ]