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'{{Infobox settlement | name = Dyker Heights | nickname = Dyker | settlement_type = [[Neighborhoods of Brooklyn|Neighborhood in Brooklyn]] | motto = "The Handsomest Suburb in [[City of Greater New York|Greater New York]]" | image_skyline = Saitta House Dyker Heights.JPG | imagesize = 300px | image_caption = The [[Saitta House]], an original Dyker Heights home | image_map = {{maplink|frame=y|plain=y|frame-align=center|zoom=12|type=shape|from=Neighbourhoods/New York City/Dyker Heights.map}}<!--{{maplink|frame=y|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-lat=40.705|frame-long=-73.975|zoom=9|type=point|coord={{coord|40.620|-74.007}}}}--> | map_alt = | map_caption = Location in New York City | coordinates = {{coord|40.620|-74.007|type:city_region:US-NY|display=inline,title}} | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = <!--USA New York City#USA New York#USA--> | pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> | pushpin_map_caption = <!--Location of Dyker Heights--> | pushpin_mapsize = 250px | subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] | subdivision_name = {{flag|United States}} | subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|New York}} | subdivision_type2 = [[City]] | subdivision_name2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of New York City.svg}} [[New York City]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Borough (New York City)|Borough]] | subdivision_name3 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Brooklyn, New York.png}} [[Brooklyn]] | subdivision_type4 = [[Community boards of Brooklyn|Community District]] | subdivision_name4 = [[Brooklyn Community Board 10|Brooklyn 10]]<ref name="NYCPlanning">{{cite web |title=NYC Planning {{!}} Community Profiles|url=https://communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov/brooklyn/10|website=communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov|publisher=New York City Department of City Planning|access-date=March 18, 2019}}</ref> | established_title = Developed | established_date = 1895–1902 | established_title2 = Developer | established_date2 = Walter L. Johnson | established_title3 = | established_date3 = | population_as_of = [[2010 United States Census|2010]] | population_footnotes = <ref name=PLP5/> | population_note = | population_total = 42,419 | population_density_km2 = | population_density_sq_mi = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 15.5−33.5 | elevation_ft = 51−110 | timezone1 = [[Eastern Time Zone|Eastern]] | unit_pref = imperial | utc_offset1 = −5 | timezone1_DST = [[Eastern Time Zone|EDT]] | utc_offset1_DST = −4 | postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code]] | postal_code = 11228 | area_code_type = [[Telephone numbering plan|Area code]] | area_codes = [[Area codes 718, 347, and 929|718, 347, 929]], and [[Area code 917|917]] | website = }} '''Dyker Heights''' is a predominantly residential neighborhood in the southwest corner of the [[Borough (New York City)|borough]] of [[Brooklyn]] in [[New York City]]. It is on a hill between [[Bay Ridge, Brooklyn|Bay Ridge]], [[Bensonhurst, Brooklyn|Bensonhurst]], [[Borough Park, Brooklyn|Borough Park]], and [[Gravesend Bay]]. The neighborhood is bounded by 7th and 14th Avenues, 65th Street, and the [[Belt Parkway]] on the west, east, north, and south, respectively. Dyker Heights originated as a speculative luxury housing development in October 1895 when Walter Loveridge Johnson developed a portion of woodland into a suburban community. It maintained its status as a wealthy neighborhood through the 20th century. During the height of his development, the boundaries were primarily between Tenth and [[Thirteenth Avenue (Brooklyn)|Thirteenth Avenue]]s and from 79th Street to 86th Street. The finest homes of the development were situated along the top of the {{convert|110|ft|m|0|adj=on}} hill, at about Eleventh Avenue and 82nd Street. Dyker Heights has a suburban character with detached and semi-detached one-and two-family homes, many of which have driveways and private yards, which are uncommon in parts of New York City. The neighborhood contains tree-lined streets, and there are very few apartment buildings. Dyker Heights can be divided in roughly three sections. The southernmost section, south of 86th Street and east of 7th Avenue, contains [[Dyker Beach Park and Golf Course]]. The central section between Bay Ridge Parkway and 86th Street, and between 14th Avenue and Fort Hamilton Parkway, is more exclusive in character. The northern border of the neighborhood is more closely integrated with surrounding areas. The Dyker Heights Civic Association, founded in 1928, is a civic group that represents the community's interests. The area as a whole is known for its Christmas lighting displays, which are often elaborate.<ref name="NYCPlanning"/> Dyker Heights is part of [[Brooklyn Community Board 10|Brooklyn Community District 10]], and its primary [[ZIP Code]] is 11228.<ref name="NYCPlanning"/> It is patrolled by the 68th Precinct of the [[New York City Police Department]].<ref name="NYPD 68th Precinct"/> Politically it is represented by the [[New York City Council]]'s 43rd District.<ref>[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dc/downloads/pdf/brooklyn.pdf Current City Council Districts for Kings County], [[New York City]]. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref> ==History== ===Early development=== [[File:Brigadier General René Edward De Russy.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Brigadier General [[René Edward De Russy]]]] The neighborhood of Dyker Heights lies within the boundaries of the then-Dutch town of [[New Utrecht]] settled in 1657. The area that is now known as Dyker Heights was not developed in the 17th or 18th centuries because the land was too sloped for farming; it remained common woodland until the mid-19th century. The trees of this forest were used by the townsfolk as a source of [[firewood]] and construction material. When the agricultural industry of New Utrecht changed from the farming grains to the cultivation of market garden produce, the trees were cleared for tomatoes, cabbages, and potatoes, among other produce.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicnewutrecht.org/ |title=Friends of Historic New Utrecht |publisher=Historicnewutrecht.org |access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> The first house built at the top of the hill (what is now 11th Avenue and 82nd Street, at about {{convert|110|ft|m|0}} above sea level) was built in the late 1820s by Brigadier General [[René Edward De Russy]] of the US Army. De Russy was a [[military engineer]] who built many forts in the US – from the Canada–US border and the eastern seaboard to the [[Gulf of Mexico]] and the [[Pacific coast]] – including [[Fort Hamilton]] in Brooklyn.<ref>"[http://www.usma.edu/Museum/ West Point Museum Collections]"</ref> Since this was the tallest natural point in southwest Brooklyn, he built his [[homestead principle|homestead]] here – it afforded a clear view of the harbor and its defenses, especially Fort Hamilton which was complete by November 1831.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dykerheightscivicassociation.com/derussyindhondoc.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-06-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923221048/http://www.dykerheightscivicassociation.com/derussyindhondoc.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-23 }}</ref> De Russy died in 1865 and his wife, Helen, sold the property in 1888 to Jane Elisabeth Loveridge and Frederick Henry Johnson.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5949428 |title=Find a Grave |publisher=Find a Grave |access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> ===Development by the Johnsons=== [[File:Johnson, Walter 1907.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Walter L. Johnson, developer of Dyker Heights]] According to the ''[[Brooklyn Eagle]]'', Frederick Johnson did "much toward developing the locality in which he resided. He was the author of the original New Utrecht Improvement Bill, and an ardent advocate of the annexation of the Town to this City."<ref>''Brooklyn Eagle,'' "Frederick H. Johnson's Sudden Death." August 15, 1893, p. 1.</ref> The Town of New Utrecht was annexed to the City of Brooklyn on July 1, 1894. On January 1, 1898, the City of Brooklyn was annexed to the [[City of New York]]. Involved with real estate, Johnson was probably aware of the real estate pressures on and potential of the real estate in New Utrecht. With this in mind, he most likely purchased the De Russy estate with the intention of building an upscale residential neighborhood similar to Bensonhurst-by-the-Sea, built by James D. Lynch in 1880–1890 in the [[Bath Beach]] section of New Utrecht.<ref name="autogenerated5">"[http://www.dykerheightscivicassociation.com/saittareport.pdf Saitta House – Report Part 1] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216233832/http://www.dykerheightscivicassociation.com/saittareport.pdf |date=2008-12-16 }}", ''DykerHeightsCivicAssociation.com''</ref> At that time, the ''Real Estate Record'' claimed Bensonhurst-by-the-Sea was "the most perfectly developed suburb ever laid out around New York."<ref name=autogenerated3>Marc Linder and Lawrence S. Zacharias, Of Cabbages and Kings County: Agriculture and The Formation of Modern Brooklyn (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1999), p. 275.</ref> The restrictions placed upon the property made Bensonhurst-by-the-Sea "a model settlement, where some of the most refined, intelligent and cultured of [[New York City]] and [[Brooklyn]]'s citizens have built their homes."<ref name=autogenerated3 /> Following Johnson's death on August 15, 1893 at the age of 52, his second son, Walter Loveridge Johnson, took over the real estate business and by October 1895 started Dyker Heights on his parents' property. Johnson named his development "Dyker Heights" after the Dyker Meadow and Beach, which his development overlooks. The meadow and beach received their name from either the Van Dykes (an original New Utrecht family) who built the dykes to drain the meadow, or for the dykes that the Van Dykes built.<ref name=autogenerated5 /> Johnson was able to develop this portion of New Utrecht woodland into a residential community by making necessary improvements to it. In 1890, the only roads present were [[Kings Highway (Brooklyn)|Kings Highway]], 86th Street, Denyse's Lane, and a small unnamed road near Tenth Avenue – none of which were paved and only 86th Street was a thoroughfare specifically planned as such. The remaining land was unimproved. Johnson continued Brooklyn's street grid south with macadam pavement, graded the properties, installed gas, water, telephone, and electricity lines, and planted sugar maple trees – seven on the avenues and twenty along the streets. This opened over two hundred more building sites between Tenth and [[13th Avenue (Brooklyn)|13th Avenue]]s as well as between 79th and 86th Streets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/13/realestate/13livi.html|title=Short on Subway Stops, Long on Christmas Lights|first=Gregory|last=Beyer|newspaper=The New York Times|date=13 July 2008|access-date=18 January 2019}}</ref> In 1895, Johnson, very much aware of the successful Bensonhurst-by-the-Sea, built three homes. His home was on the southwest corner of 11th Avenue and 82nd Street (across the Avenue from the home of his mother), Albert Edward Parfitt's home was on 82nd Street next to Johnson's, and the last, closest to Tenth Avenue, was the home of Arthur S. Tuttle who was Assistant Engineer of The Water Supply of The City Works Department of The City of Brooklyn. Parfitt was the architect of these three homes. Johnson's house burned down before 1900, Parfitt's was demolished by a developer in 1928 and replaced with seven, run-of-the-mill, fully detached, single-family homes, and Tuttle's house was remodeled over 10 years ago and clad in bright-white and sky-blue brick.<ref name=autogenerated5 /> Throughout the infancy of the development, Johnson was able to use the print press to his advantage. He advertised his suburban homes heavily and stated that the high ground, magnificent ocean view, and careful restrictions made Dyker Heights the handsomest suburb in [[City of Greater New York|Greater New York]]. Based on the newspaper accounts, he was right. In 1896 Johnson built and sold thirty homes in Dyker Heights. By January 1897, the ''Brooklyn Eagle'' reported on his achievements. "Mr. Johnson has met with great success in the development of Dyker Heights and had probably done more business and made more sales during the past year than all the rest of the surrounding settlements combined."<ref>Brooklyn Eagle, "Buys Brooklyn Realty," January 17, 1897, p. 5.</ref> In April 1898 sales were still very strong. "Dyker Heights still holds its lead among the suburban sections in building operations, over forty houses having been erected there during the past year... and there are fully twenty more houses about to be built."<ref>Brooklyn Eagle, "Real Estate Market," April 5, 1898, p. 14.</ref> One of its many advantages was the location, which according to the ''Brooklyn Eagle'', "is one of the finest in Greater New York, commanding an extensive view of water from [[Sandy Hook, New Jersey|Sandy Hook]] to the [[New Jersey Palisades]], with [[Staten Island]] and the shores of [[New Jersey]] directly in front."<ref>Brooklyn Eagle, "Dyker Heights Club House," April 24, 1898, p. 10.</ref> Still more praise in February 1899, "Dyker Heights has been one of the most successful and the most rapid in growth of any of the suburban settlements, over one hundred dwellings, costing from $5,000 to $25,000 each, having been erected there within the last two years."<ref>Brooklyn Eagle, "Real Estate Market," February 1, 1899, p. 14.</ref> ===Advantages of the development=== [[File:Massive Stone Pier in Dyker Heights.jpg|thumb|right|Massive stone pier outside a house in Dyker Heights]] [[File:Brooklyn home for blind babies.png|thumb|right|Dyker Heights Home for Blind Babies of the International Sunshine Society, {{circa|1908}}]] In September 1899, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' even reported on the advantages of the development, recommending it to "the busy man of [[Wall Street]]" because of "its magnificent transportation facilities... it can be reached via the Thirty-Ninth Street [[Brooklyn]] Ferry and Eighty-Sixth Street Nassau Line in 45&nbsp;minutes."<ref name=autogenerated4>Wall Street Journal, "Dyker Heights and Wall Street," September 22, 1899, p. 5.</ref> In addition, the article claimed that "the 45 minutes' trip between Dyker Heights and Wall Street by water and rail is as invigorating as the Dyker Heights climate is healthy-living. The rare opportunities afforded by Dyker Heights to the wealthy and to those in moderate circumstances are due largely to the energy, enterprise and good taste of its founder, Mr. Walter L. Johnson."<ref name=autogenerated4 /> A month later, ''The Wall Street Journal'' published "An Ideal Spot for a Home." From that article, one can clearly see why Dyker Heights was so successful. Its location and luxurious homes were first rate, "[Dyker Heights] is without a rival as to location, situated as it is at an elevation of [110] feet above the sea level, and is directly opposite the new Dyker Meadow Park... which will be the only seaside park in Greater New York."<ref name=autogenerated2>Wall Street Journal, "An Ideal Spot for a Home," October 24, 1899, p. 2.</ref> The article also explained the exclusiveness of the property, which can be seen in "its massive stone piers with heavy wrought-iron lamps and scrolls" that adorn the entrances.<ref name=autogenerated2 /> In December 1899 the ''Brooklyn Eagle'' reported that, "work has recently been commenced upon thirty high-class Houses, the demand for which runs a dead heat with the supply."<ref name=autogenerated6>Brooklyn Eagle, "Dyker Heights Development," December 31, 1899, p. 28.</ref> Johnson set very high standards for the community: the Wall Street Journal explained "the property is carefully restricted against all nuisances and no building can be erected upon a plot of less than {{convert|60|ft|m|0}} in width by {{convert|100|ft|m|-1}} in depth, and each building must cost at least $4,000 and stand well back from the street."<ref name=autogenerated2 /> These regulations, which were similar to those of [[Bensonhurst]]-by-the-Sea, were active until 1915. However, the most desirable feature of the area was still the "uninterrupted view of the lower bay from [[The Narrows]] to Sandy Hook and [[Atlantic Ocean]], [which] is one of the most magnificent in the country, and nowhere else in the consolidated city is there anything to compare it with. From here can be seen a marine panorama hard to beat."<ref name=autogenerated2 /> Dyker Heights was so desirous that important members of society flocked to it. The ''[[Brooklyn Eagle]]'' reported in December 1899 that this "drain" on the more established social neighborhoods such as [[Brooklyn Heights]] and those in [[Manhattan]], "almost threatens to lower the social tone of the neighborhoods where this universal exodus is effecting a gradual change in the character of the population."<ref name=autogenerated6 /> ===Late 19th and early 20th centuries=== Property on 84th Street near 13th Avenue was made available to the International Sunshine Society in 1906 by lawyer, financier, and promoter George E. Crater, Jr.<ref>{{citation |editor-last=Stewart |editor-first=William R. |title= Annual report of the state board of charities|orig-year=1914 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=f0fKAAAAMAAJ |volume=1 |year=1914 |publisher=J. B. Lyon Company|location=Albany |pages=753–755 }}</ref> The society was able to acquire the house for $11,000, roughly half the market value, and opened the Dyker Heights Home for Blind Babies on 1 November 1906. [[Cynthia May Alden|Cynthia W. Alden]], [[Mary C. Seward]], and other society officers worked with the [[New York City Board of Education]] to establish the first public kindergarten for blind children at the home in 1907.<ref>{{citation |last=State of New York |title=Documents of the Senate |orig-year=1918 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c_dKAAAAMAAJ |series= 141st Session|year=1918 |publisher=J. B. Lyon|location=Albany |page=151 }}</ref> The original building is gone, but the work begun in Dyker Heights provided a legacy of significant reforms in the public education of blind children within New York and other regions of the United States. [[File:Constatine schubert's home in dyker herights.JPG|thumb|left|Constatine Schubert's home in Dyker Heights]] [[File:Dr Ullo home.jpg|thumb|left|Dr. Lorenzo Ullo's home in Dyker Heights]] [[File:DHCH.jpg|thumb|left|Dyker Heights Club House]] One of the many focal points of the neighborhood was the Dyker Heights Club, which started in October 1896.<ref name=autogenerated5 /> By spring of 1898 the club had a $30,000 clubhouse designed by Albert Edward Parfitt on an $8,500 lot, measuring 200×200, located on the northeast corner of 13th Avenue and 86th Street. Johnson moved his real estate office into the clubhouse and hired a full-time architect, Constantine Schubert, who was also a Dyker Heights homeowner. This grand, neo-classical building was demolished in 1929 by the Archbishop John Hughes [[Knights of Columbus]] Club, when they acquired the property for $60,000.<ref>One hundredth Anniversary Journal of the Archbishop John Hughes Knights of Columbus Club, 2000.</ref> Early in the history of Dyker Heights, Johnson continually purchased consecutive tracts of land until the boundaries of Dyker Heights stretched from 79th Street in the north, roughly 86th Street in the south, Tenth Avenue to the west, and about {{convert|300|ft|m|-1}} east of 13th Avenue to the east. However, the boundaries of the Neighborhood of Dyker Heights are now defined by the Dyker Heights Post Office on the northwest corner of 13th and 84th Streets; along its northeast edge runs Bay Ridge Avenue; 16th Avenue is its southeast boundary; [[Fort Hamilton]] makes its southwest border; and [[Interstate 278]] is the northwest limit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forgotten-ny.com/2008/03/dyker-heights-brooklyn/ |title=DYKER HEIGHTS, Brooklyn &#124; &#124; Forgotten New YorkForgotten New York |date=10 March 2008 |publisher=Forgotten-ny.com |access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> == Demographics == [[File:St. Philip's Church in Dyker Heights.jpg|thumb|right|St. Phillips Church in Dyker Heights]] Based on data from the [[2010 United States Census]], the population of Dyker Heights was 42,419, an increase of 3,087 (7.8%) from the 39,332 counted in [[2000 United States Census|2000]].<ref name="PLP5">[http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/census2010/t_pl_p5_nta.pdf Table PL-P5 NTA: Total Population and Persons Per Acre - New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010], Population Division - [[New York City]] Department of City Planning, February 2012. Accessed June 16, 2016.</ref> The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 70.2% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.1% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.0% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 27.1% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.0% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.1% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.0% (430) from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 5.9% of the population.<ref name="PLP3A">[http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/census2010/t_pl_p3a_nta.pdf Table PL-P3A NTA: Total Population by Mutually Exclusive Race and Hispanic Origin - New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010], Population Division - [[New York City]] Department of City Planning, March 29, 2011. Accessed June 14, 2016.</ref> The entirety of Community Board 13 had 142,075 inhabitants as of [[New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene|NYC Health]]'s 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 83.1 years.<ref name="CHP2018">{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/data/2018chp-bk10.pdf|title=Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights (Including Bay Ridge, Dyker Heights and Fort Hamilton)|date=2018|website=nyc.gov|publisher=NYC Health|access-date=March 2, 2019}}</ref>{{Rp|2, 20}} This is higher than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods.<ref name=":21">{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/tcny/community-health-assessment-plan.pdf|title=2016-2018 Community Health Assessment and Community Health Improvement Plan: Take Care New York 2020|date=2016|website=[[government of New York City|nyc.gov]]|publisher=[[New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene]]|access-date=September 8, 2017}}</ref>{{Rp|53 (PDF p. 84)}}<ref>{{cite web | title=New Yorkers are living longer, happier and healthier lives | website=New York Post | date=June 4, 2017 | url=https://nypost.com/2017/06/04/new-yorkers-are-living-longer-happier-and-healthier-lives/ | access-date=March 1, 2019}}</ref> Most inhabitants are middle-aged adults and youth: 20% are between the ages of 0–17, 34% between 25 and 44, and 25% between 45 and 64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 7% and 15% respectively.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|2}} As of 2016, the median [[household income]] in Community District 10 was $68,679.<ref>{{cite web|title=Census profile: NYC-Brooklyn Community District 10--Bay Ridge & Dyker Heights PUMA, NY|website=Census Reporter|date=July 22, 2018|url=https://censusreporter.org/profiles/79500US3604013-nyc-brooklyn-community-district-10-bay-ridge-dyker-heights-puma-ny/|access-date=July 22, 2018}}</ref> In 2018, an estimated 19% of Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights residents lived in poverty, compared to 21% in all of Brooklyn and 20% in all of New York City. One in twelve residents (8%) were unemployed, compared to 9% in the rest of both Brooklyn and New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 49% in Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights, slightly lower than the citywide and boroughwide rates of 52% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, {{as of|2018|lc=y}}, Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights are considered to be high-income relative to the rest of the city.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|7}} ===Cultural history=== The first residents were either local government officials or wealthy professionals. For instance, I. M. De Varona was engineer of the Water Bureau, Clarence Barrow was ex-Fire Commissioner, William C. Bryant was current Fire Commissioner, George W. Dickinson was a cotton-goods merchant, W. Bennett Wardell was a retired judge, Richard Perry Chittenden was Assistant of the [[Corporation Counsel]], Freeland Willcox was Secretary of the Cheeseborough Vaseline Company, and Eugene Boucher was [[longshoreman]] and insurance broker.<ref name=autogenerated5 /> Since the 1940s, Dyker Heights has had a majority Italian-American population.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}} The ''[[Brooklyn Eagle]]'' explained a problem Johnson had with a particular Italian family in a home "which at the time was owned by Walter L. Johnson, was occupied by an Italian family, to whom Mr. Johnson paid $600 to vacate it in order that the neighborhood of Dyker Heights, which is very carefully restricted, might have no objectionable features about it."<ref>Brooklyn Eagle, "Used Advertising Cards." April 5, 1897, p. 16.</ref> By 1940 Dyker Heights was inhabited by a majority of people of Italian descent many of whom helped establish the Roman Catholic Shrine Church of Saint Bernadette (ca. 1935) on 13th Avenue between 82nd and 83rd streets.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}} Dyker Heights Boulevard, also known as 13th Avenue, contains many Italian-owned businesses. Dyker Heights Boulevard is the only commercial district in Dyker Heights and is the de facto center of the neighborhood.<ref name="Kravitz 2015">{{cite web | last=Kravitz | first=Derek | title=Dyker Heights Feels the Stress of Change | website=WSJ | date=August 28, 2015 | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/dyker-heights-feels-the-stress-of-change-1440756003 | access-date=December 5, 2018}}</ref> However, since the 2000s, there has been a slow growing influx of Asian residents into the neighborhood and [[New York City Department of City Planning|NYC Dept. of City Planning]] released a 2020 census data showing for the first time in history, the Asian population in the neighborhood has surpassed the White population. The Asian population residents are between 30,000 to 39,999 while the remaining White population residents are between 10,000 to 19,999. The 2020 census data also showed a small, but significant Hispanic population residents of 5,000 to 9,999. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/planning-level/nyc-population/census2020/dcp_2020-census-briefing-booklet-1.pdf|title=Key Population & Housing Characteristics; 2020 Census Results for New York City|publisher=[[New York City Department of City Planning]]|date=August 2021|access-date=November 7, 2021|pages=21, 25, 29, 33}}</ref>ref>{{cite web | title=Map: Race and ethnicity across the US | website=CNN | date=August 14, 2021 | url=https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2021/us/census-race-ethnicity-map/ | access-date=November 7, 2021}}</ref> In 2020, sentiments against residents and workers of Asian descent rose with reports of anti-Asian flyers being posted in the area in June. The Covid-19 pandemic played a big role with the cause of this tension. <ref name=KCP>{{cite news|url=https://www.kingscountypolitics.com/southern-brooklyn-electeds-condemn-attacks-on-asian-americans/|title=Crime: Southern Brooklyn Electeds Condemn Attacks on Asian-Americans|date=10 August 2020|last=Vasquez|first=Chiara|publisher=Kings County Politics}}</ref> == Housing == [[File:Dyker Heights 1228 82nd St..jpg|thumb|right|400px|Time-lapse of a residence: seen in 2008 (left) and 1901 (right)]] [[File:8404 11th Avenue 1998-2006 - DHHS.jpg|thumb|right|400px|The demolition of the Chittensen House (left, in 1998) and the homes which replaced it (right, in 2006)]] Dyker Heights' housing stock consists mostly of stately, single-family detached and semi-detached bungalows. In December 1899, the ''[[Brooklyn Eagle]]'' wrote a very detailed description of the homes in Dyker Heights: {{Quote|The typical Dyker Heights residences have five rooms each on the first and second floors and four rooms on the third. Upon entrance, the inmate or visitor is ushered into a hall twelve feet wide which runs back to the butler's [[pantry]]. To the right of this hall is the [[parlor]] and library and to the left the reception and dining rooms. The rear space is taken up by the kitchen, butler's pantry and washrooms with tiled floors. [[Birdseye maple]] is used in the finishing of the parlor and quartered oak in that of the library, one with [[Fireplace mantel|mantles]] of the same wood in fancy tile finish. A large fireplace with ornamental [[andiron]]s completes the mural decoration. The ceilings are ten feet high on the first floor, while nine feet is the elevation of the second and eight feet that of the third floor. Usually the dining room is fifteen feet square and finished off in quartered [[sycamore]]. Like the hall, the [[reception room]] is done off in quartered oak, but is circular in form and has a diameter of ten feet. In the kitchen is a glazed fireplace, while below stairs, speaking from a first floor level, are the [[Basement|cellar]] and laundry, with a depth of eight feet, and an [[asphalt]] double concrete floor.<ref name=autogenerated6 /> Of the five rooms on the second floor, one is a [[sitting room]] and the remainder sleeping apartments, all of which are finished in quartered oak and sycamore. A large bathroom with tiled floors takes up the remaining space of the second story. Rising to the third floor we find plain [[cypress]] as the invariable finish of the apartments, which comprise two servants' rooms, a card or sitting room and a [[billiard room|billiard parlor]] [[wainscoting|wainscoted]] on the sides and provided with seats for the players and onlookers. It may be noted further that the reception room and dining room are also wainscoted six feet high.<ref name=autogenerated6 />}} Of the approximately 150 homes initially built by Johnson, about half remain; while the others have been razed and replaced by large Mediterranean [[villa]]s, [[Condominium|condos]], as well as semi and fully attached homes. Very few of the newer homes fit into the historic context of Dyker Heights, and in contrast to Brooklyn's contemporaneous [[Ditmas Park, Brooklyn|Ditmas Park]] and [[Prospect Park South]] developments, many of the original surviving homes have been extensively renovated and remodeled.<ref>"[http://www.dykerheightscivicassociation.com/saittareport.pdf Saitta House – Report Part 3] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216233832/http://www.dykerheightscivicassociation.com/saittareport.pdf |date=2008-12-16 }}",''DykerHeightsCivicAssociation.com''</ref> === Christmas decorations === [[File:Dyker Lights (62317).jpg|thumb|left|220px|Decorated houses in Dyker Heights in December 2017]] Dyker Heights is now most famous for its Christmas lights and decorations erected each year by its residents. It has been called "Con Ed's warmest heartthrob,"<ref>{{cite web | last=Martin | first=Douglas | title=So Bright You Might Say It Glows | website=The New York Times | date=December 18, 1998 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/18/arts/so-bright-you-might-say-it-glows.html | access-date=March 2, 2019}}</ref> the "undisputed capital of Christmas pageantry,"<ref name="nytimes.com">{{cite web | last=Rather | first=John | title=Near the Giant Verrazano, a Human Scale | website=The New York Times | date=March 9, 1997 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/09/realestate/near-the-giant-verrazano-a-human-scale.html | access-date=March 2, 2019}}7</ref> and the "king of the Christmas lights."<ref>[http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/1996/12/22/1996-12-22_all_is_bright_silent_night__.html All Is Bright Silent Night, But Lots Of Lights]{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} "NY Daily News" Joyce Shelby, December 22nd 1996</ref> Christmas lights are now the core of the Dyker Heights identity, because the whole community, not just one home or one block, participates.<ref name="nytimes.com"/> As such, Dyker Heights has been referred to as "an epicenter of professionally-hung Christmas lights". Most holiday decorations in the area are not erected by homeowners, but by local decorating companies, but the cost of hiring professional decorators can vary greatly, from $1,000 to $20,000 or more, depending on the scale of the display; many companies also offer additional services, including the option to take down and store decorations.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.brooklyneagle.com/articles/christmas-displays-put-dyker-heights-tourist-map-2013-12-09-143000 | title=Christmas displays put Dyker Heights on tourist map | work=Brooklyn Eagle | date=9 December 2013 | access-date=5 November 2014 | author=Rob Abruzzese}}</ref> Formally, the lighting and Christmas decorations begin on the last Thursday of November (Thanksgiving) and they remain until the first days of January, with mid-December being the days most visited by tourists.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Garcia|first=Marco|date=2021-06-11|title=▷ Guide 2021: Visit Christmas Lights in Dyker Heights|url=https://intertravelnyc.com/this-is-christmas-in-dyker-heights-new-york/|access-date=2021-09-17|website=Intertravel NYC|language=en-US}}</ref> Although in which December the lights began is unclear, newspaper reports and tours of the area suggest it started sometime in the 1980s. In 1985 one Lou Singer began running tours (Singer's Brooklyn) through the most elaborately light parts of [[Bensonhurst, Brooklyn|Bensonhurst]], [[Canarsie, Brooklyn|Canarsie]], [[Bay Ridge, Brooklyn|Bay Ridge]], and Dyker Heights where one could find "designer lighting."<ref> * {{cite web | last=Yarrow | first=Andrew L. | title=The Spirit of Christmas Reigns On the Sidewalks of New York | website=The New York Times | date=December 25, 1987 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/25/arts/the-spirit-of-christmas-reigns-on-the-sidewalks-of-new-york.html | access-date=March 2, 2019}} * {{cite web | last=Yarrow | first=Andrew L. | title=Neighborhoods Santa Has No Trouble Finding | website=The New York Times | date=December 22, 1989 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/22/arts/neighborhoods-santa-has-no-trouble-finding.html | access-date=March 2, 2019}} * {{cite web | title=HOLIDAY SIGHTS | website=The New York Times | date=December 15, 1991 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/15/news/holiday-sights.html | access-date=March 2, 2019}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web | title=Calendar: Holiday Scenes, All Around | website=The New York Times | date=December 17, 1992 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/17/garden/calendar-holiday-scenes-all-around.html | access-date=March 2, 2019}}</ref> Since those initial 1980 reports, the lights of Dyker Heights have become increasingly popular with New Yorkers as newspaper articles, news programs, documentaries, and remotes were created. In 2000, [[Conan O'Brien]] filmed a remote for ''[[Late Night with Conan O'Brien]]'' in Dyker Heights.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/13/realestate/13livi.html?_r=1&oref=slogin Short on Subway Stops, Long on Christmas Lights] ''The New York Times'' by Gregory Beyer, July 13, 2008.<!--retrieved July 15th, 2008--></ref> A [[PBS]] televised documentary "Dyker Lights" was produced in 2001 as an insight into the neighborhood with stories involving the Christmas celebration lights.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060107035446/http://www.thirteen.org/watch/program_info.php?program_id=16342&episode_num=0 Program Info: Dyker Lights] From thirteen.org <!--(site of WNET channel 13 in New York City) retrieved from Internet Wayback Machine on July 15th, 2008--></ref> ====Notable decorations==== Early on, the two most noted homes were on 84th Street, between 11th and 12th Avenues, directly across from one another. The home of Lucy Spata with her Santa theme at 1152 84th Street and that of Alfred Polizzotto with his Nutcracker motif at 1145 84th Street.<ref name=autogenerated1 /><ref>[https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/102835335.html?dids=102835335:102835335&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Dec+20%2C+1991&author=By+Margalit+Fox.+Margalit+Fox+is+a+free-lance+writer.&pub=Newsday+(Combined+editions)&desc=Let+There+Be+Lights...+Mechanical+elves%2C+glowing+Santas+and+27-foot+%60Nutcracker'+figures.+SIDEBAR%3A+A+Tour+to+Visit+the+Dazzle+(see+end+of+text)&pqatl=google Let There Be Lights...] "Newsday" By Margalit Fox: December 20, 1991</ref> In December 1998, the Spatas' home was covered in lights, illuminated soldiers and choirboys, and other Christmas figures. The inside is decorated with 50 motorized dolls, miniature villages and many gifts. Outside Santa, played by her nephew, greets children and others who pass by.<ref>[http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/1998/11/29/1998-11-29_the_lights_before_christmas_.html The Lights Before Christmas The Holidays Are Always High-Voltage In This B'klyn Nabe]{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} "NY Daily News" By Sheila Anne Feeney, November 29th 1998</ref> The white mansion, owned by Alfred Polizzotto and his family, was adorned with a pair of {{convert|29|ft|m|adj=on}} high wooden soldiers which stood guard and wave their arms. The front lawn had rearing horses and a quartet of dancers. In 1988, Polizzotto was diagnosed with lymphoma, which was successfully treated the following year. To celebrate his triumph, Polizzotto mounted the display the following year and until his death. In 2001, Polizzotto died; however, his family continued the tradition in his honor for a few years, until stopping in 2020.<ref>[http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/ny_local/1995/06/04/1995-06-04_highlight_of_dyker_heights.html Highlight Of Dyker Heights]{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} "NY Daily News" By Stephen Mcfarland, June 4th 1995</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brooklynpaper.com/dyker-lights-toyland-house-2020/|access-date=2021-12-09|website=www.brooklynpaper.com}}</ref> In 1996, the Casos, who moved to Dyker Heights in 1995 and have since relocated, had Midwood artist Carl Oliveri design Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carol," which included 29 life-size figures on their front lawn at 1062 84th St.<ref>[http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/1998/12/14/1998-12-14_daily_news_guide_holiday_sig.html Daily News Guide Holiday Sights & Sounds]{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} "NY Daily News" December 14th 1998</ref> == Political representation == [[File:Dyker Heights Ladder 149.jpg|thumb|right|300px| Ladder Company 149 in action on 85th Street]] The neighborhood is part of [[New York's 11th congressional district]], represented by Republican [[Nicole Malliotakis]] {{as of|2021|lc=y}}.<ref>{{cite web | title=U.S. House Election Results 2018 | website=The New York Times | date=January 28, 2019 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/11/06/us/elections/results-house-elections.html | access-date=February 21, 2019}}</ref> It is also part of the 22nd [[New York State Senate|State Senate]] district, represented by Democrat [[Andrew Gounardes]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012s/SD_nyc.pdf|title=2012 Senate District Maps: New York City|publisher=The New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment|date=2012|access-date=November 17, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nysenate.gov/district/22|title=NY Senate District 22|website=NY State Senate|access-date=18 January 2019}}</ref> and the 46th and 49th [[New York State Assembly|State Assembly]] districts, represented respectively by Democrats [[Mathylde Frontus]] and [[Peter J. Abbate Jr.]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_nyc.pdf|title=2012 Assembly District Maps: New York City|publisher=The New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment|date=2012|access-date=November 17, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://nyassembly.gov/mem/Mathylde-Frontus/|title=New York State Assembly - Mathylde Frontus|website=nyassembly.gov|access-date=18 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://nyassembly.gov/mem/Peter-J-Abbate-Jr/|title=New York State Assembly - Peter J. Abbate, Jr.|website=nyassembly.gov|access-date=18 January 2019}}</ref> Dyker Heights is located in New York's 43rd [[New York City Council|City Council]] district, represented by [[Justin Brannan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://council.nyc.gov/d43/html/members/home.shtml |title=District 43 – Council Member – Democrat |publisher=Council.nyc.gov |access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> Dyker Heights is served by [[Brooklyn Community Board 10]].<ref name="NYCPlanning"/> The Dyker Heights Civic Association is the neighborhood's unofficial civic association.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dykerheightscivicassociation.com |title=Dyker Heights Civic Association, Inc |publisher=Dykerheightscivicassociation.com |access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> == Police and crime == The [[New York City Police Department|NYPD]]'s 68th Precinct is located at 333 65th Street.<ref name="NYPD 68th Precinct">{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/site/nypd/bureaus/patrol/precincts/68th-precinct.page|title=NYPD – 68th Precinct|website=www.nyc.gov|access-date=October 3, 2016}}</ref> The 68th Precinct ranked 7th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010.<ref name=":18">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnainfo.com/crime-safety-report/brooklyn/bay-ridge|title=Bay Ridge – DNAinfo.com Crime and Safety Report|website=www.dnainfo.com|access-date=October 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302152555/https://www.dnainfo.com/crime-safety-report/brooklyn/bay-ridge/|archive-date=March 2, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{As of|2018}}, with a non-fatal assault rate of 23 per 100,000 people, Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights' rate of [[violent crime]]s per capita is less than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 168 per 100,000 people is lower than that of the city as a whole.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|8}} The 68th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 88.6% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct reported 2 [[murder]]s, 16 [[rape]]s, 59 [[robbery|robberies]], 129 [[felony]] assaults, 96 [[burglary|burglaries]], 387 [[grand larceny|grand larcenies]], and 86 [[motor vehicle theft|grand larcenies auto]] in 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/nypd/downloads/pdf/crime_statistics/cs-en-us-068pct.pdf|title=68th Precinct CompStat Report|access-date=July 22, 2018}}</ref> == Fire safety == The [[firehouse]] for the [[New York City Fire Department]] (FDNY)'s Engine Co. 284/Ladder Co. 149 is located at 1157 79th Street.<ref>{{cite web | website=FDNYtrucks.com | title=Engine Company 284/Ladder Company 149/Satellite 3 | url=http://www.fdnytrucks.com/files/html/brooklyn/e284.htm | access-date=March 2, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite FDNY locations}}</ref> == Health == {{As of|2018}}, [[preterm birth]]s and births to teenage mothers are less common in Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights than in other places citywide. In Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights, there were 95 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 11.4 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide).<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|11}} Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights has a high population of residents who are [[Health insurance coverage in the United States|uninsured]], or who receive healthcare through [[Medicaid]].<ref name=":14">[http://www.health.ny.gov/health_care/medicaid/redesign/dsrip/pps_applications/docs/maimonides_medical_center/3.8_maimonides_cna.pdf New York City Health Provider Partnership Brooklyn Community Needs Assessment: Final Report], [[New York Academy of Medicine]] (October 3, 2014).</ref> In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 15%, which is higher than the citywide rate of 12%.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|14}} The concentration of [[particulates|fine particulate matter]], the deadliest type of [[air pollution|air pollutant]], in Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights is {{convert|0.0074|mg/m3|oz/ft3}}, lower than the citywide and boroughwide averages.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|9}} Twelve percent of Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights residents are [[Smoking|smokers]], which is lower the city average of 14% of residents being smokers.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|13}} In Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights, 28% of residents are [[Obesity|obese]], 15% are [[Diabetes mellitus|diabetic]], and 31% have [[hypertension|high blood pressure]]—compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|16}} In addition, 16% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|12}} Ninety-two percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is slightly higher than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 74% of residents described their health as "good," "very good," or "excellent," lower than the city's average of 78%.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|13}} For every supermarket in Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights, there are 21 [[convenience store|bodega]]s.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|10}} The Bay Ridge/Dyker Heights/Bensonhurst area does not have any hospitals. However, the [[Coney Island Hospital]], [[NYU Langone Hospital – Brooklyn]], and [[Maimonides Medical Center]] are located in nearby neighborhoods.<ref name=":14"/>{{rp|19–20}} Additionally, the [[BRAVO Volunteer Ambulance]] is run by the Bay Ridge Ambulance Volunteer Organization.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bravoambulance.org/ |title=Bravo Volunteer Ambulance &#124; Brooklyn Bayridge New York |publisher=Bravoambulance.org |date=March 18, 2014 |access-date=June 12, 2014}}</ref> == Post office and ZIP Code == Dyker Heights is covered by [[ZIP Code]] 11228.<ref>{{cite web | title=Bay Ridge, New York City-Brooklyn, New York Zip Code Boundary Map (NY) | website=United States Zip Code Boundary Map (USA) | url=https://www.zipmap.net/New_York/Kings_County/Z_Bay_Ridge.htm | access-date=March 6, 2019}}</ref> The [[United States Post Office]]'s Dyker Heights Station is located at 8320 13th Avenue.<ref>{{cite web | title=Location Details: Dyker Heights | website=USPS.com | url=https://tools.usps.com/go/POLocatorDetailsAction!input.action?locationTypeQ=po&address=11226&radius=20&locationType=po&locationID=1361556&locationName=DYKER+HEIGHTS&address2=&address1=8320+13TH+AVE&city=BROOKLYN&state=NY&zip5=11228&zip4=9997&tollFree=800-ASK-USPS%26reg%3B%26nbsp%3B%28800-275-8777%29&fax=718-238-7549&tAddress=&tAddress1Ams=&tAddress2Ams=&tCityAms=&tStateAms=&tZipAms=&tCarrierRouteAms=&latitude=40.615524&longitude=-74.0128249&sWithin=20&&&&&&&&& | access-date=March 6, 2019}}</ref> == Education == Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights generally has a similar ratio of college-educated residents to the rest of the city {{as of|2018|lc=y}}. While 46% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, 19% have less than a high school education and 35% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 40% of Brooklynites and 38% of city residents have a college education or higher.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|6}} The percentage of Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights students excelling in reading and math has been increasing, with reading achievement rising from 51 percent in 2000 to 52 percent in 2011, and math achievement rising from 49 percent to 71 percent within the same time period.<ref name=":17">{{Cite web|url=http://furmancenter.org/files/sotc/BK_04_11.pdf|title=Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights – BK 10|date=2011|publisher=[[Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy]]|access-date=October 5, 2016}}</ref> Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights' rate of elementary school student absenteeism is lower than the rest of New York City. In Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights, 8% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per [[school year]], compared to the citywide average of 20% of students.<ref name=":21" />{{Rp|24 (PDF p. 55)}}<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|6}} Additionally, 82% of high school students in Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights graduate on time, higher than the citywide average of 75% of students.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|6}} === Schools === [[File:Holy Prep back fields, 1919.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Poly Prep]] as seen in 1919]] '''Private''' *[[Poly Prep Country Day School]] (Pre-K – 12th Grade)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.polyprep.org|title=Poly Prep Country Day School|publisher=Polyprep.org|access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> '''Parochial''' * Leif Ericson Day School (Pre-K – 8th Grade; [[Evangelical Lutheran Church in America]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://leds.home.mindspring.com/|title=Leif Ericson Day School|publisher=Leds.home.mindspring.com|access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> * St. Bernadette School (Pre-K – 8th Grade; [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stbernadetteschool.org/|title=St. Bernadette|publisher=Stbernadetteschool.org|access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> * St. Ephrem School (Pre-K – 8th Grade; Roman Catholic)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://schools.privateschoolsreport.com/NewYork/Brooklyn/StEphremSchool.html|title=St. Ephrem|publisher=Schools.privateschoolsreport.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714151831/http://schools.privateschoolsreport.com/NewYork/Brooklyn/StEphremSchool.html|archive-date=2014-07-14|url-status=dead|access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> '''Public''' * IS 187 Christa McAuliffe (6th Grade – 8th Grade)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://insideschools.org/school/20K187|title=The Christa McAuliffe School|publisher=InsideSchools|access-date=June 2, 2021}}</ref> * JHS 201 Dyker Heights (6th Grade – 8th Grade)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://schools.nycenet.edu/Region7/is201/|title=JHS 201 Dyker Heights|publisher=Schools.nycenet.edu|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227034600/http://schools.nycenet.edu/Region7/is201/|archive-date=2015-12-27|url-status=dead|access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> * JHS 259 William McKinley (6th Grade – 8th Grade)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://schools.nyc.gov/SchoolPortals/20/K259/default.htm|title=JHS 259 William Mckinley|date=2010-01-06|publisher=Schools.nyc.gov|access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> * PS 127 McKinley Park (Kindergarten – 5th Grade)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://schools.nyc.gov/SchoolPortals/20/K127/default.htm|title=PS 127 Mckinley Park|date=2013-10-24|publisher=Schools.nyc.gov|access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> * PS-IS 229 Dyker (Pre-Kindergarten – 8th Grade) * PS 204 Vince Lombardi (Pre-Kindergarten – 5th Grade) * PS 176 The Ovington School (Kindergarten – 5th Grade) '''Early childhood education''' * Lefferts Park Baptist Church Daycare (2 years old – 6 years old)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brooklynforchrist.com/lpbcdaycare.html|title=Lefferts Park Baptist Church Daycare|publisher=Brooklynforchrist.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140920184107/http://brooklynforchrist.com/lpbcdaycare.html|archive-date=2014-09-20|url-status=dead|access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> === Libraries === The [[Brooklyn Public Library]] has two branches in Dyker Heights. The Dyker branch is located at 8202 13th Avenue, near 82nd Street. The one-story structure, opened in 1974, was designed by [[Daniel Laitin]] and features a blue-green glazed facade.<ref>{{cite web | title=Dyker Library | website=Brooklyn Public Library | date=August 19, 2011 | url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/locations/dyker | access-date=February 21, 2019}}</ref> The McKinley Park branch is located at 6802 Fort Hamilton Parkway, near 68th Street. The McKinley Park location was originally a "deposit station" with a small circulating collection, which opened in 1911. The library moved to the current {{convert|7425|ft2|m2|adj=on}} building in 1959, and the structure was restored in 1995.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/locations/mckinley-park|title=McKinley Park Library|date=August 22, 2011|website=Brooklyn Public Library|access-date=February 21, 2019}}</ref> == Transportation == ===Public transportation=== [[File:Bay Ridge-95th Street Stair.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Entrance to [[Bay Ridge – 95th Street (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)|95th Street]] subway station]] [[File:MTA Bus X28 Dyker Heights.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Metropolitan Transportation Authority|MTA]]'s X28 bus on 86th Street in Dyker Heights]] The center of Dyker Heights is not served directly by the [[New York City Subway]], but its neighboring communities are; It can range from a 15-20 minute walk to a station in Bay Ridge, Borough Park or Bensonhurst depending on where in the neighborhood you are. [[Bay Ridge]] is served by the [[BMT Fourth Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS trains|Fourth far south}}), with stations at [[Bay Ridge Avenue (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)|Bay Ridge Avenue]], [[77th Street (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)|77th Street]], [[86th Street (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)|86th Street]] and [[Bay Ridge – 95th Street (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)|95th Street]].<ref>{{NYCS const|timetable|r}}</ref> The far south end of [[Borough Park, Brooklyn|Borough Park]] is served by the [[BMT Sea Beach Line]] ({{NYCS trains|Sea Beach}}), with stations at [[Fort Hamilton Parkway (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Fort Hamilton Parkway]] and [[New Utrecht Avenue (BMT Sea Beach Line)|New Utrecht Avenue]].<ref>{{NYCS const|timetable|n}}</ref> [[Bensonhurst]] is served by the [[BMT West End Line]] ({{NYCS trains|West End}}), with stations at [[79th Street (BMT West End Line)|79th Street]], [[71st Street (BMT West End Line)|71st Street]] and [[62nd Street (BMT West End Line)|62nd Street]].<ref>{{NYCS const|timetable|d}}</ref> Several local [[New York City Bus]] routes and two express routes serve Dyker Heights; the routes are {{NYC bus link|B1|B4|B8|B16|B64|B70|X28|X38}}.<ref>{{Cite NYC bus map|B}}</ref> Dyker Heights is accessible by car via the [[Belt Parkway]] as well as the [[Interstate 278]] ([[Verrazano-Narrows Bridge]] to [[Staten Island]], [[Gowanus Expressway]], and [[Brooklyn-Queens Expressway]]). === Named streets === {{See also|Brooklyn streets}} * '''Lieutenant William E. Coffey Square ''' – 81st Street between 7th Avenue and Fort Hamilton Parkway. In the square stands one flagpole and two upright granite stones. One stone contains a bronze plaque inscribed with "In Memory Of Those Members Of Our Armed Forces Who Gave Their Lives For Our Country These Dead Shall Not Have Died In Vain" and the other stone has an incised scene of Iwo Jima.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_your_park/monuments/monument_info.php?monId=280|title=Permanent Art and Monuments : NYC Parks|website=www.nycgovparks.org|language=en|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://forgotten-ny.com/2006/11/dyker-and-bath-beaches-brooklyn/|title=DYKER and BATH BEACHES, Brooklyn - Forgotten New York|date=November 2006|website=forgotten-ny.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref> * '''Marie Walsh Corner''' – southwest corner of 84th Street and 7th Avenue. Marie Walsh was a dedicated community activist being a member of the Dyker Heights Civic Association, Bay Ridge Community Council, and the [[Conservative Party of New York|Kings County Conservative Party]]. She also helped to establish the X28 bus. On June 10, 1996 Mayor [[Rudolph W. Giuliani]] signed the bill into law.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/om/html/96/sp260-96.html|title=Press Release Archives - 260-96 - Laws on Base Station Licenses, Sister Helen Patrick Howley, Reverend Joseph May, Marie Walsh|date=June 10, 1996|website=www.nyc.gov|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref><ref>[http://webdocs.nyccouncil.info/textfiles/Int%2B0751-1996-A.htm?CFID=1421834&CFTOKEN=41156290 nyccouncil.info]{{Dead link|date=October 2017}} Local Law 49 of 1996 "Marie Walsh Corner"</ref> * '''Dyker Heights Boulevard''' – 13th Avenue between 86th Street and Bay Ridge Avenue. On August 8, 2001 Mayor [[Rudolph W. Giuliani]] signed the bill into law.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/om/html/2001b/pr282-01.html|title=Press Release Archives #282-01 - MAYOR GIULIANI SIGNS BILL ADDING NAME "DYKER HEIGHTS BOULEVARD" TO 13TH AVENUE, BETWEEN 86TH STREET AND BAY RIDGE AVENUE, BROOKLYN|date=August 8, 2001|website=www.nyc.gov|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref> * '''Firefighter Dennis Patrick O'Berg 9/11 Memorial Way''' – 74th Street between 10th and 11th Avenues. Although he graduated from the [[State University of New York at Geneseo]] with a degree in accounting, O'Berg followed in his father's footsteps and became a firefighter. He was a member of Ladder 105, in the [[Prospect Heights, Brooklyn|Prospect Heights]] section of [[Brooklyn]]. On October 20, 2003 Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref>[http://www1.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/292-03/mayor-michael-bloomberg-signs-legislation-naming-77-streets "Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg Signs Legislation Naming 77 Streets"], October 20, 2003</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://poohbeargs.blogspot.com/2008/09/revisiting-september-11thremembering.html|title=Rich Girl, Poor Girl: Revisiting September 11th...Remembering Dennis O'Berg|last=Mc|date=11 September 2008|access-date=18 January 2019}}</ref> * '''Robert F. Tipaldi 9/11 Memorial Way''' – 80th Street between 7th and 10th Avenues. Tipaldi was a 25-year-old trader with [[Cantor Fitzgerald]] on the 104th floor of [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]] Tower 1. On December 21, 2004 Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref name="nyc.gov"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legacy.com/Sept11/Story.aspx?Page=Story&PersonID=139432|title=Remembering September 11, 2001: Robert Frank Tipaldi Obituary|website=Legacy.com|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref> * '''Maria LaVache 9/11 Memorial Way''' – 12th Avenue between Bay Ridge Parkway and 76th Street. LaVache was a long-time receptionist for J&H's International Department but was transferred to another office on the 99th floor of the World Trade Center.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://memorial.mmc.com/pgBio.asp?BioID=147&curpage=1|archive-url=https://archive.today/20030720133428/http://memorial.mmc.com/pgBio.asp?BioID=147&curpage=1|url-status=dead|title=Tribute Page for Maria La Vache|date=20 July 2003|archive-date=20 July 2003|website=archive.li|access-date=18 January 2019}}</ref> On December 21, 2004 Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref name="nyc.gov">{{cite web|url=http://www1.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/358-04/mayor-michael-bloomberg-signs-legislation-renaming-eighty-three-streets|title=Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg Signs Legislation Renaming Eighty-three Streets|date=2004-12-21|website=nyc.gov|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref> * '''Charles J. Mauro 9/11 Memorial Way''' – 72nd Street between 11th and 12th Avenues. On December 21, 2004 Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref name="nyc.gov"/> * '''Arturo Angelo Sereno 9/11 Memorial Way''' – 12th Avenue and 67th Street. On December 21, 2004 Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref name="nyc.gov"/>[[File:Richard M Caggiano 9-11 Memorial Way.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Street sign for Richard M. Caggiano 9/11 Memorial Way]] * '''Richard M. Caggiano 9/11 Memorial Way''' – 80th Street between 10th and 11th Avenues. Caggiano worked for [[Cantor Fitzgerald]]. On April 14, 2005 Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref>[http://webdocs.nyccouncil.info/attachments/65874.htm?CFID=2645268&CFTOKEN=29641651 nyccouncil.info]{{Dead link|date=October 2017}} Naming Of 45 Thoroughfares And Public Places</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2001/memorial/people/3790.html|title=September 11 Memorial|date=2003-09-09|website=CNN|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref> * '''Frederick I. Ergang Way''' – 12th Avenue and Bay Ridge Avenue. Having been raised in Borough Park, he was principal of P.S. 176 at 69th Street and 12th Avenue from 1973 until his retirement in 1998. At the time of his retirement he had the second longest tenure of any educator in the city of New York.<ref name="New York City Council">{{cite web|url=http://legistar.council.nyc.gov/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=441735&GUID=13A7E3A2-74B3-42A9-AF89-84AFDC4EA4E1&Options=ID%7CText%7C&Search=thoroughfares|title=File #: Int 0281-2004|date=May 2004|website=The New York City Council|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref><ref>[http://www.brooklynpaper.com/assets/pdf/27_12br.pdf CB10 OKs 'Ergang Way,' 15 others] "THE BROOKLYN PAPERS" Page 5. March 27, 2004</ref> On May 5, 2004 Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=http://www1.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/108-04/mayor-michael-bloomberg-signs-legislation-renaming-94-streets|title=Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg Signs Legislation Renaming 94 Streets|date=2004-05-05|website=nyc.gov|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref> * '''Det. Frank P. Collins Avenue''' – 72nd Street and 7th Avenue. Collins was a sergeant in the [[United States Army]], where he toured [[Bosnia]], and an officer with [[New York City Police Department]], working as a narcotics detective in the 63rd precinct. He died in a motorcycle accident on June 12, 2002.<ref name="New York City Council"/> On May 5, 2004 Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> * '''Giuseppe "Joe" Papandrea Way''' – 86th Street between 15th and 16th Avenues. Born in Calabria, Italy, Papandrea immigrated to Brooklyn. A [[leukemia]] survivor, he was killed by a hit and run driver om this block on January 29, 2002.<ref name="New York City Council"/> On May 5, 2004 Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> * '''De Russy Drive''' – Circular drive in front of the Dyker Beach Golf Course Club House, connecting 7th Avenue with 86th Street. From approximately 1870 to 1930, an earlier 'De Russy Street' ran within this same parcel, as the northernmost section of the golf course was 92nd Street. This street ran perpendicular to 86th Street and some {{convert|130|ft|m}} west of 11th Avenue and it was demapped when the park was expanded northward in the 1930s. Both the Dyker Heights Civic Association and the Dyker Heights Historical Society were instrumental in the naming of the street after [[René Edward De Russy|General Rene E. De Russy]]. It was redesignated in July 2009.<ref name="brooklyneagle.com">[http://www.brooklyneagle.com/archive/category.php?category_id=31&id=29409 Dyker Beach Golf & Catering Hall Ribbon Cutting Ceremony], Brooklyn Eagle, 07-09-2009</ref><ref>[http://www.brooklyneagle.com/archive/category.php?category_id=31 Path Through Park Given Name of 1800s General De Russy], Brooklyn Eagle, 07-09-2009</ref><ref>[http://www.yournabe.com/articles/2009/07/09/brooklyn/brooklyn_newsuqnzgtr07092009.txt 'De Russy Drive' makes its official debut], Bayside Times, 07-09-2009</ref><ref>[http://www.dykerheightscivicassociation.com/page8.html General DeRussy Individual Honoree Document and Figures] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100415151623/http://www.dykerheightscivicassociation.com/page8.html |date=2010-04-15 }}, ''DykerHeightsCivicAssociation.com''</ref> * '''Walter L. Johnson Corner''' – 82nd Street and 11th Avenue, southwest corner. Johnson developed Dyker Heights in about 1895 to 1905. This was the corner on which he built his house, the first at Dyker Heights. The Dyker Heights Civic Association, the Dyker Heights Historical Society, and Council Member [[Vincent J. Gentile]], of the 43rd district, were instrumental in the naming of this corner.<ref name="legistar.council.nyc.gov">{{cite web|url=http://legistar.council.nyc.gov/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=557408&GUID=3E729DA6-6269-40F7-9831-B2C8C264F8C5&Options=ID%7CText%7C&Search=sean+bell|title=File #: Int 1103-2009|website=The New York City Council|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref><ref>[http://www.yournabe.com/articles/2009/12/31/bay_ridge_courier/news/bay_ridge_courier_newsisivegd12302009.txt Council passes five local street renaming] yournabe.com Thursday, December 31, 2009</ref><ref>[http://www.yournabe.com/articles/2010/01/15/bay_news/news/bay_news_newsdloikrq01142010.txt Council passes five local street renamings] yournabe.com, Thursday, January 14, 2010</ref><ref>[http://www.brooklyneagle.com/categories/category.php?category_id=31&id=33011 Dyker Heights' Founder To Be Honored With Street Corner Name] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100416170440/http://www.brooklyneagle.com/categories/category.php?category_id=31&id=33011 |date=2010-04-16 }} Brooklyn Daily Eagle, by Harold Egeln January 18, 2010</ref> On December 28, 2009 Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite web|url=http://www1.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/565-09/mayor-bloomberg-signs-legislation-renaming-70-thoroughfares-public-places|title=Mayor Bloomberg Signs Legislation Renaming 70 Thoroughfares and Public Places|date=2009-12-28|website=nyc.gov|access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref> * '''Hank Vogt Way''' – at the intersection of 85th Street and 7th Avenue. In 1974, Vogt established, and became the first chair of the Bay Ridge Ambulance Volunteer Organization. He was also Parade Chairman of the [[Ragamuffin Parade]] for many years as well as chairman of Planning Board 10. Council Member Gentile helped secure the corner's redesignation.<ref name="legistar.council.nyc.gov"/> On December 28, 2009 Mayor [[Michael Bloomberg]] signed the bill into law.<ref name="ReferenceB"/> ==Churches== * Shrine Church of Saint Bernadette ([[Roman Catholic]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shrinechurchofstbernadette.com/ |title=Shrine Church of Saint Bernadette |publisher=Shrinechurchofstbernadette.com |access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> * St. Rosalia-Regina Pacis Parish (Roman Catholic)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.parishesonline.com/scripts/hostedsites/Org.asp?ID=10913 |title=St. Rosalia-Regina Pacis Parish |publisher=Parishesonline.com |date=2011-12-09 |access-date=2014-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714122322/http://www.parishesonline.com/scripts/hostedsites/Org.asp?ID=10913 |archive-date=2014-07-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * St. Ephrem's (Roman Catholic)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stephremchurch.org/ |title=St. Ephrem's |publisher=Stephremchurch.org |access-date=2014-06-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714210036/http://www.stephremchurch.org/ |archive-date=2014-07-14 }}</ref> * St. Philip's ([[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stphilipsbrooklyn.com/ |title=St. Philip's |publisher=Stphilipsbrooklyn.com |date=2014-06-08 |access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> * Lefferts Park Baptist Church ([[Independent Baptist]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brooklynforChrist.com/ |title=Lefferts Park Baptist Church – A Christian church serving Dyker Heights, Bensonhurst, Bay Ridge & the borough of Brooklyn. Our contemporary Sunday services are held at 11a |publisher=Brooklynforchrist.com |access-date=2014-06-12}}</ref> == Park and golf course == Southwestern Dyker Heights contains the [[Dyker Beach Park and Golf Course]], a [[public park]] and a municipal, 18-hole,<ref>[http://www.americangolf.com/ny/brooklyn-dyker-beach-golf-course Dyker Beach Golf Course Brooklyn, NY] American Golf</ref> championship golf course.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Brooklyn's Mad Golf Course |first=Jane |last=Perry |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1130093/index.htm |journal=Sports Illustrated |date=August 22, 1955 |access-date=May 14, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Tea and Green |first=Noel F. |last=Busch |url=http://archives.newyorker.com/?i=1938-05-21# |magazine=The New Yorker |date=May 21, 1938 |page=61 |access-date=May 14, 2013}}</ref> == Notable residents == Notable current and former residents of Dyker Heights include: * [[Scott Baio]] (born 1960), actor<ref>"[http://www.bayridgecourier.com/site/tab5.cfm?newsid=18911073&BRD=2384&PAG=461&dept_id=552851&rfi=6 Wa, wa, wa! Scott Baio comes home]", ''Bay Ridge Courier'', October 11, 2007</ref> * [[Maria Bartiromo]] (born 1967), television host<ref>Atkinson, Claire. [https://nypost.com/2014/01/05/maria-bartiromo-heading-to-davos/ "Maria Bartiromo heading to Davos"], ''[[New York Post]]'', January 5, 2014. Accessed February 4, 2017. "Meanwhile, the former Money Honey has been busy tweeting photos of place settings at a White House dinner party, holiday lights in Dyker Heights, Brooklyn, where she grew up, and a few promotional re-tweets for her new colleagues at the Fox News Channel."</ref> * [[Wenjian Liu]] (1982–2014), NYPD officer, died in a [[2014 killings of NYPD officers|2014 shooting of NYPD officers]] * [[Joe Rollino]] (1905-2010), an original Coney Island Strongman<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/12/nyregion/12ironman.html?sq=rollino&st=cse&adxnnl=1&scp=1&adxnnlx=1263304861-3zJR/Pq3kP0r+D+9AcvPoA At a Mighty 104, Gone While Still Going Strong] New York Times by Manny Fernandez and Michael S. Schmidt, January 11, 2010</ref><ref>[http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/brooklyn/2010/01/11/2010-01-11_famed_coney_island_strongman_.html Famed Coney Island strongman Joe Rollino, 104 (aka 'Kid Dundee') killed after minivan hit] NY Daily News by Jill Colvin, Rocco Parascandola and Corky Siemaszko: Monday, January 11th 2010</ref><ref>[http://www.brooklyneagle.com/categories/category.php?category_id=31&id=32907 Bay Ridge Accidents Kill Three Victims, Including Man, 104] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091214043729/http://www.brooklyneagle.com/categories/category.php?category_id=31 |date=2009-12-14 }} Brooklyn Eagle by Raanan Geberer Monday, January 11th 2010</ref> * [[Rosanna Scotto]] (born 1958), TV news anchor, grew up in Dyker Heights.<ref>D'Arienzo, Sr. Camille. [https://www.ncronline.org/blogs/conversations-sr-camille/new-york-tv-news-anchor-talks-life-camera "New York TV news anchor talks of life off-camera"], ''[[National Catholic Reporter]]'', May 15, 2012. Accessed February 4, 2017. "[NCR] Where did you spend your childhood? [Scotto] Growing up in Dyker Heights, Brooklyn, was great."</ref> * [[Anthony Fauci]] (born 1940), Director of the [[National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases]] and one of the lead members of the [[White House Coronavirus Task Force]] regarding the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] grew up in Dyker Heights, above his family's neighborhood pharmacy.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Gallin | first=John I. | title=Introduction of Anthony S. Fauci, MD | journal=Journal of Clinical Investigation | publisher=American Society for Clinical Investigation | volume=117 | issue=10 | date=September 1, 2007 | issn=0021-9738 | doi=10.1172/jci33692 | pages=3131–3135| pmid=17909634 | pmc=1994641 | doi-access=free }}</ref> == References == {{Reflist|30em}} == External links == * {{Commons category-inline}} {{Brooklyn}} {{National Register of Historic Places in New York}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Dyker Heights, Brooklyn| ]] [[Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in New York City]] [[Category:Little Italys in the United States]] [[Category:Neighborhoods in Brooklyn]] [[Category:Populated coastal places in New York (state)]] [[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Brooklyn]]'