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'<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. --> {|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin | name=Coandă-1910 | image=Image:Coanda_1910.gif | caption= }}{{Infobox Aircraft Type | type=Experimental | national origin= [[Romania]]/[[France]] | manufacturer=[[Henri Coandă]] | designer= | first flight=16 December 1910 | introduced= | retired= | status= | primary user=[[Henri Coandă]] | number built= 1 | developed from= | variants with their own articles= }} |} The '''Coandă-1910''' was an experimental aircraft powered by a [[ducted fan|ducted fan]]<ref>Cassier's Magazine (1911) Volume 39, page199.</ref><ref>Popular Mechanics March 1911 page 350.</ref><ref>Technical World Magazine (1911) Volume 15 page 615.</ref><ref>Aircraft (1910) Volume 1 page 367.</ref> It was constructed by [[Romania]]n inventor [[Henri Coandă]] and exhibited by him at the Second International Aeronautical Exhibition in [[Paris]] around October 1910. According to Pre-WWII scources, it was incapable of flight. Years later, after the invention of the jet engine, Coanda would claim, without any proof whatsoever, that this aircraft was in reality a [[motorjet]], and that it flew in 1910. ==Design== The aircraft was quite unconventional in design, and its most unusual feature was its powerplant, since it featured a kind of [[ducted fan]]. This used a reciprocating internal combustion engine to drive a [[Gas compressor|compressor]] instead of a [[propeller]]. According to some accounts, the compressed air was mixed with the engine exhaust and blown out the rear of the engine nacelle, however coanda's patents describe the exhaust gas as being used to heat the compressor and then being sucked into the compressor inlet to reduce back-pressure on the engine from ducting the gasses through the heating channels in the compressor.<ref>British Patent #GB19112740(A) (applied for May 26, 1911)</ref> This was intended to provide a reactive force that would push the aircraft along. Coanda described this propulsion system clearly and unambiguously in various pre-WWI patents. The airframe construction was unusual for the time. Wood-frame [[biplane]] wings were skinned with wood veneer instead of the doped fabric generally used. The wings were held in place by tubular steel struts and [[flying wires]]. The [[powerplant]] was installed in the nose of a laminated wood fuselage which contained one seat in an open [[cockpit]]. The fuselage terminated in a cruciform [[empennage]] installed at 45°. ==Later Claims== Years later, after the development of the [[motorjet]] engine, Coanda started making claims to the effect that his 1910 aircraft was actually a jet: "There is a wholly new description of the inner workings of the machine that does not occur in any of the accounts given above and which defies all the patent specifications."<ref>The Aeronautical Journal ( of the Royal Aeronautical Society )Volume 84 Pg 412</ref> "Coanda also started claiming that his plane had actually flown, although he had some difficulty keeping his stories straight, and produced a set of blueprints which he asserted were proof of his claims: "The differences between this version of Coanda's story and his earlier are marked and hardly need to be pointed out; though the obvious ones are; the planned verses the completely unintentional and accidental flight; the immediate flight verses the busy taxying about the field; Coanda being thrown from the plane after it stalled verses Coanda pitched forward after landing, and so on. Apart from his personal recollections, Henri Coanda also bestowed upon the museum some drawings and illustrations of his turbo-propulseur. The drawings, purporting to show internal of the machine, are unfortunately modern. That is to say, they were obviously executed in the 1960s, not in 1910 or 1911; worse, the fuel injection outlet tubes into the aft end of the turbine seems to be an even later addition to the original drawings. In brief, the drawings by themselves do not constitute evidence in Coanda's claim.<ref>The Aeronautical Journal Volume 84 Pg 412</ref> Some of Coanda's supporters admit that his plane was shown at the Paris air show in 1910 as a ducted fan craft, but claim that when testing showed that it was incapable of flight he modified it into a motorjet and flew it on December 16, 1910 (or in some versions December 10). This story is also untenable as Coanda was still filing Patents on his turbopropulseur describing it as a ducted fan in May 1911, and still making no claims about fuel injection ,or combustion.<ref>Swiss patent CH58232(A) and British Patent GB191112740(A)</ref> During the machine's purported flight, Coanda claimed he was able to observe that the burning gases from the engine hugged the sides of the aircraft very closely and this is what seemed to cause the fire he mentioned in some versions of his story. He (and other scientists) spent many years researching this effect, which is now known as the [[Coandă effect]] in his honour. However this is only one of several stories about how the Coanda effect was discovered. It has also been claimed that he discovered this effect in pre-1910 wind-tunnel testing (see July 26, 2010 version of the Henri Coanda page in this very encyclopedia). Coandă did in fact try to develop his Turbo-propulseur further. During WWII he tried to sell it to the nazis for use in reaction powered snow sleds for military use.<ref>Flight International (1946) Pg 174</ref> <!-- ==Development== --> <!-- ==Operational history== --> ==Specifications== {{aerospecs |ref= |met or eng?=met |crew=1 |capacity= |length m=12.5 |length ft=41 |length in=0 |span m=10.3 |span ft=33 |span in=10 |width m=<!-- if applicable --> |width ft=<!-- if applicable --> |width in=<!-- if applicable --> |height m= |height ft= |height in= |wing area sqm=32.7 |wing area sqft=352 |empty weight kg= |empty weight lb= |gross weight kg=420 |gross weight lb=920 |eng1 number=1 |eng1 type=Four-cylinder, In-line, Water-cooled engine developing 37 kW (50 hp) at 1,000 rpm driving a compressor |eng1 kn=2 |eng1 lbf=450? |eng2 number= |eng2 type= |eng2 kn= |eng2 lbf= |perfhide=Y |max speed kmh= |max speed mph= |cruise speed kmh=<!-- if max speed unknown --> |cruise speed mph=<!-- if max speed unknown --> |range km= |range miles= |endurance h=<!-- if range unknown --> |endurance min=<!-- if range unknown --> |ceiling m= |ceiling ft= |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= }} <!-- ==See also== --> {{aircontent <!-- include as many lines are appropriate. additional lines/entries with carriage return. --> |see also= |related=<!-- related developments --> |similar aircraft=<!-- similar or comparable aircraft --> |lists=<!-- related lists --> }} ==See also == * [[Lippisch Ente]], the world’s first rocket-powered aircraft. ==References== <references/> * {{cite book |last= Crouch |first= Tom D. |title=Wings: a history of aviation from kites to the space age |year= 2003 |publisher=W. W. Norton and Co.|pages=725}} * {{cite book |title=The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft |publisher=Aerospace Publishing|location=London |pages= }} * {{cite book |last= Taylor |first= Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |year=1989 |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London |pages= }} * {{cite book |title=World Aircraft Information Files |publisher=Bright Star Publishing|location=London |pages= }} ==External links== *http://airminded.org/2005/10/07/jet-aircraft-of-the-belle-epoque/ *http://www.luftfahrtmuseum.com/htmd/dtf/c1910.htm {{Aviation lists}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Coanda-1910}} [[Category:Aircraft manufactured by Romania]] [[Category:Motorjet-powered aircraft]] [[Category:Romanian experimental aircraft 1910-1919]] [[Category:Biplane aircraft]] [[Category:Single-engine aircraft]] [[de:Coanda-1910]] [[es:Coandă-1910]] [[it:Coandă-1910]] [[he:קואנדה 1910]] [[ja:コアンダ=1910]] [[pl:Coandă 1910]] [[pt:Coandă-1910]] [[ro:Coandă-1910]] [[ru:Coandă-1910]] [[fi:Coandă-1910]]'