Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{Short description|City in Florida, United States}}
{{About|the city in Florida}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Miami, Florida
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| settlement_type = [[List of municipalities in Florida|City]]
| named_for = [[Mayaimi]]
| image_skyline = Miami collage 20110330.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| image_caption = From top, left to right: [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]], [[Freedom Tower (Miami)|Freedom Tower]], [[Vizcaya Museum and Gardens|Villa Vizcaya]], [[Miami Tower]], [[Virginia Key]] Beach, [[Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts]], [[FTX Arena]], [[PortMiami]], Miami Skyline at Night
| image_flag = Flag of Miami, Florida.svg
| image_seal = Seal of Miami, Florida.svg
| image_blank_emblem =
| blank_emblem_type =
| nicknames = ''Magic City'', ''The Gateway to the Americas'', ''Capital of Latin America'',<ref name="time.com">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979733,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224184503/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979733,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 24, 2007|title=Miami: the Capital of Latin America|date=December 2, 1993|magazine=Time}}</ref> and ''Vice City''
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
| image_map = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=290|frame-height=270|frame-align=center|stroke-width=3|zoom=10|frame-lat=25.7751|frame-long=-80.2167|type=shape-inverse|stroke-color=#808080|id=Q8652|title=Miami}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|United States}}
| map_caption = Interactive map outlining Miami
| pushpin_map = Florida#USA#North America
| pushpin_relief = 1
| pushpin_mapsize = 290px
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within the state of Florida##Location within the United States##Location within North America
| pushpin_label = Miami
| pushpin_label_position = left
| coordinates = {{coord|25.775163|N|80.208615|W|region:US-FL|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 25, 2021 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2020|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |access-date=March 25, 2021 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi = 56.07
| official_name = <!-- DO NOT add to this parameter without consensus -->
| subdivision_type2 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|Florida}}
| subdivision_type3 = [[County (United States)|Constituent counties]] ([[List of counties in Florida|County]])
| subdivision_name3 = {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Miami-Dade_County,_Florida.svg}} [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[List of regions of the United States|Region]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[South Atlantic states|South Atlantic]]
| established_title = Settled
| established_date = After 1858{{efn|Bahamians were farming along the Miami River before 1830. Richard Fitzpatrick established a plantation there in 1830, but abandoned it when the [[Second Seminole War]] (1835–1843) began. The U.S. Army established [[Fort Dallas]] there in 1836, but left the fort in 1841. William English reopened Fitzpatrick's plantation after the war and sold city lots, but left the area at the end of the 1840s. The Army returned to the fort in 1849–1851, and again for the Third Seminole War (1855–1858).<ref>{{Cite web|last=George|first=Paul S.|date=1996|title=Miami: One Hundred Years of History|url=http://www.historymiami.org/fastspot/research-miami/topics/history-of-miami/index.html|access-date=May 28, 2021|website=HistoryMiami}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Shappee|first=Nathan D.|date=1961|title=Fort Dallas and the Naval Depot on Key Biscayne, 1836–1926|url=http://digitalcollections.fiu.edu/tequesta/files/1961/61_1_02.pdf|journal=Tequesta|volume=21|pages=13–40|via=Florida International University Digital Collections}}</ref>}}
| established_title1 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
| established_date1 = July 28, 1896
| established_title2 =
| government_footnotes =
| government_type = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Commission]]
| governing_body =
| founder = [[Julia Tuttle]]
| leader_title = [[List of mayors of Miami|Mayor]]
| leader_name = [[Francis X. Suarez]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]])
| total_type = Total
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_12.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 31, 2021}}</ref>
| mapsize =
| area_land_sq_mi = 36.00
| pop_est_footnotes =
| utc_offset1 = −05:00
| elevation_footnotes = <!--Miami-Dade County metro-->
| elevation_m = 1.8
| elevation_ft = 6
| elevation_max_m = 12.8
| elevation_max_ft = 42<!--Miami-Dade County metro-->
| population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 467968<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami, FL {{!}} Data USA |url=https://datausa.io/profile/geo/miami-fl/ |access-date=2022-03-15 |website=datausa.io |language=en}}</ref>
| population_rank = [[List of United States cities by population|44th]] in the United States<br>[[List of municipalities in Florida|2nd]] in Florida
| population_metro_footnotes = <ref name="2020Pop">{{cite web |title=2020 Population and Housing State Data |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=22 August 2021}}</ref>
| population_metro = 6138333 ([[List of metropolitan statistical areas|8th]])
| population_density_sq_mi = 12285.84
| population_density_km2 = 4743.63
| population_demonym = Miamian
| blank6_name = [[GDP]] (City, 2019)
| blank6_info = $151 billion<ref name="bea.gov">[https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/lagdp1220_2.pdf ''Gross Domestic Product by County, 2019''], [[Bureau of Economic Analysis]], released December 9, 2020. Accessed December 9, 2020.</ref> ([[List of US counties with GDP over 100 billion USD|14th]])
| blank7_name = [[Gross metropolitan product|GMP]] (Metro, 2020)
| blank7_info = $377.5 billion<ref>{{cite web |url=https://apps.bea.gov/itable/iTable.cfm?ReqID=70&step=1 |title=GDP and Personal Income |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis |access-date=August 3, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/183808/gmp-of-the-20-biggest-metro-areas/|title=U.S. metro areas - ranked by Gross Metropolitan Product (GMP) 2020|website=Statista}}</ref> ([[List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP|12th]])
| timezone1 = [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
| area_water_sq_mi = 20.08
| area_metro_sq_mi = 6137
| utc_offset1_DST = −04:00
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code = 33010–33299
| area_code = [[Area codes 305 and 786|305 and 786]]
| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
| blank_info = 12-45000
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info = {{GNIS 4|277593}}, {{GNIS 4|2411786}}
| blank2_name = Major airports
| blank2_info = [[Miami International Airport]]<br>[[Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport]]<br>[[Palm Beach International Airport]]
| blank4_name = [[Commuter rail]]
| blank4_info = [[Tri-Rail]], [[Brightline]]
| blank5_name = [[Rapid transit]]
| blank5_info = [[File:MDTMetro.svg|40px|link=Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)]]
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| blank1_name_sec2 =
| blank1_info_sec2 =
| blank2_name_sec2 =
| blank2_info_sec2 =
| website = [https://www.miamigov.com/Home miamigov.com]
|area_total_km2 = 145.23
|area_land_km2 = 93.23
|area_water_km2 = 52.00
|pop_est_as_of =
|population_est =
}}
'''Miami''' ({{IPAc-en|m|aɪ|ˈ|æ|m|i}}), officially the '''City of Miami''', is a [[coast|''coastal'']] metropolis located in [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]] in southeastern [[Florida]] ([[United States]]). With a population of 467,968 as of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]],<ref name="QuickFacts">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: Miami city, Florida |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/miamicityflorida/PST045219 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=20 August 2021}}</ref> it is the [[List of municipalities in Florida|second-most populous city in Florida]], eleventh-most populous city in the [[Southeastern United States|Southeast]], and [[List of United States cities by population|44th-most populous city in the United States]]. Miami is the core of the nation's [[Miami metropolitan area|eighth-largest metropolitan area]] with 6,138,333 people.<ref name="2020Pop" /> The city has the [[List of tallest buildings in the United States#Cities with the most skyscrapers|third-largest skyline]] in the U.S. with over [[List of tallest buildings in Miami|300 high-rises]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/us-cities-with-the-most-skyscrapers.html|title=US Cities With the Most Skyscrapers|website=WorldAtlas|date=February 6, 2018|language=en|access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref> 58 of which exceed {{cvt|491|ft|0}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/quick-lists#q=&page=1&type=building&status=COM&status=UCT&status=STO&min_year=0&max_year=9999®ion=0&country=0&city=1632 |title=The Skyscraper Center: Buildings in Miami |website=skyscrapercenter.com |publisher=[[Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat|CTBUH]] |language=en |access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref>
Miami is a major center and leader in finance, commerce, culture, arts, and international trade.<ref name=GAWC>{{cite web|url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html|title=The World According to GaWC 2008|publisher=Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network, [[Loughborough University]]|access-date=March 3, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html |title=Inventory of World Cities |publisher=Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Study Group and Network |access-date=December 1, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014191556/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html |archive-date=October 14, 2013}}</ref> The metro area is by far the largest urban economy in Florida and the 12th largest in the United States, with a GDP of $344.9 billion as of 2017.<ref name="bea.gov1">{{cite web|url=https://www.bea.gov/system/files/2018-09/gdp_metro0918_0.pdf|title=Gross Domestic Product by Metropolitan Area, 2017|publisher=Bea.gov|access-date=October 23, 2018}}</ref> In 2020, Miami was classified as a [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network|Beta + level]] [[global city]] by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network|GaWC]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The World According to GaWC 2020 |url=https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html |website=GaWC - Research Network |publisher=Globalization and World Cities |access-date=August 31, 2020}}</ref> In 2019, Miami ranked seventh in the United States and 31st among global cities in business activity, human capital, information exchange, cultural experience, and political engagement.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.atkearney.com/documents/20152/2794549/A+Question+of+Talent%E2%80%942019+Global+Cities+Report.pdf/106f30b1-83db-25b3-2802-fa04343a36e4?t=1559144999157|title=2019 Global Cities Report|website=ATKearney}}</ref> According to a 2018 [[UBS]] study of 77 world cities, the city was ranked as the third-richest in the world and the second-richest in the United States in [[purchasing power]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citymayors.com/economics/richest-cities-world.html|title=City Mayors: Richest cities in the world|website=www.citymayors.com|access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref> Miami is one of the largest [[Majority minority in the United States|majority-minority]] cities in the United States and [[List of U.S. cities with large Hispanic populations|the fourth-largest majority-Hispanic city]] in the United States, with 70.2% of its population being Hispanic in 2020.<ref name="2020Hispanic">{{cite web |title=P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=P2%3A%20HISPANIC%20OR%20LATINO,%20AND%20NOT%20HISPANIC%20OR%20LATINO%20BY%20RACE&g=0100000US%24160000_0400000US72%240500000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2&hidePreview=true |website=2020 Census |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=10 October 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
[[Greater Downtown Miami]] has one of the largest concentrations of international banks in the United States, and is home to many large national and international companies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottbeyer/2015/05/07/welcome-to-brickell-miamis-wall-street-south/|title=Welcome To Brickell, Miami's "Wall Street South"|last=Beyer|first=Scott|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref> The [[Health District (Miami)|Health District]], home to [[Jackson Memorial Hospital]] and the [[Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine]] at the [[University of Miami]] and others, is a major center for hospitals, clinics, and the [[biotechnology]] and [[medical research]] industries. [[PortMiami]] is the busiest [[Cruise ship|cruise]] port in the world in both passenger traffic and cruise lines, and refers to itself as the "Cruise Capital of the World".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.miamidade.gov/portmiami/library/2017-cruise-guide.pdf|title=PortMiami 2017 Cruise Guide}}</ref> Miami is also a major tourism hub for international visitors, ranking second in the country after [[New York City]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Miami Is The Second Most Popular Destination For International Visitors (And Growing Fast)|url=http://www.thenextmiami.com/miami-is-the-second-most-popular-destination-for-international-visitors-and-growing-fast/|publisher=TheNextMiami.com|access-date=November 5, 2016}}</ref> Miami has been called the Gateway to [[Latin America]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 2017|title=Florida: Gateway to Latin America and the Caribbean|url=https://www.enterpriseflorida.com/wp-content/uploads/brief-florida-gateway-latin-america-caribbean.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707195916/https://www.enterpriseflorida.com/wp-content/uploads/brief-florida-gateway-latin-america-caribbean.pdf|archive-date=7 July 2021|access-date=29 November 2021}}</ref>
==Toponymy==
Miami was named in 1896 after the [[Miami River (Florida)|Miami River]], derived from [[Mayaimi]], the historic name of [[Lake Okeechobee]] and the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] who lived around it.<ref>{{cite web| title= Name Origins of Florida – City Name Origins I-P|website= FLHeritage.com| url=http://www.flheritage.com/facts/reports/names/city2.cfm|publisher=Florida Department of State|access-date=December 17, 2013}}</ref>
==History==
{{Main|History of Miami|Timeline of Miami}}
{{See also|National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami, Florida}}
[[File:MiamiAvenue1896.jpg|thumb|left|Approximately 400 men voted for Miami's incorporation in 1896 in the building to the left.]]
The [[Tequesta]] tribe occupied the Miami area for around 2,000 years before contact with Europeans. A village of hundreds of people, dating to 500–600 BCE, was located at the mouth of the [[Miami River (Florida)|Miami River]]. It is believed that the entire tribe migrated to [[Cuba]] by the mid-1700s.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/04/us/florida-indian-village/index.html?hpt=hp_c3|title=Questions of preservation after ancient village found in downtown Miami|author=Smith, Matt|date=February 4, 2014|access-date=February 4, 2014|publisher=CNN}}</ref>
In 1566, admiral [[Pedro Menéndez de Avilés]], Florida's first governor, claimed the area for [[Spanish Empire|Spain]]. A Spanish [[mission (station)|mission]] was constructed one year later. Spain and [[British Empire|Britain]] successively ruled Florida until Spain ceded it to the United States in 1821. In 1836, the U.S. built [[Fort Dallas]] on the banks of the Miami River as part of their development of the [[Florida Territory]] and their attempt to suppress and remove the [[Seminole]]s. As a result, the Miami area became a site of fighting in the [[Second Seminole War]].
Miami is noted as the only major city in the United States founded by a woman. [[Julia Tuttle]], a local citrus grower and a wealthy [[Cleveland]] native, was the original owner of the land upon which the city was built.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://parade.com/256292/claudiagryvatzcopquin/whats-the-one-major-american-city-founded-by-a-woman/|title=What's the One Major American City Founded by a Woman?|last=Copquin|first=Claudia Gryvatz|date=January 23, 2014|website=Parade|language=en|access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref> In the late 19th century, the area was known as "Biscayne Bay Country", and reports described it as a promising wilderness and "one of the finest building sites in Florida".<ref>{{cite news|title=The Day in St. Augustine — The Hack Line to Biscayne Bay|date=January 10, 1893|newspaper=[[The Florida Times-Union]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| title= A Trip to Biscayne Bay| work= The Tropical Sun| date= March 9, 1893}}</ref> The [[Great Freeze]] of 1894–1895 hastened Miami's growth, as the crops there were the only ones in Florida that survived. Julia Tuttle subsequently convinced [[Business magnate|railroad tycoon]] [[Henry Flagler]] to extend his [[Florida East Coast Railway]] to the region, for which she became known as "the mother of Miami".<ref>{{citation| last= Muir| first= Helen| year= 1953| title= Miami, USA| publisher= Henry Holt and Company| page= 55}}</ref><ref>{{citation|last = Weiner|first = Jacqueline|title = Statue of Miami's First Lady, Julia Tuttle, may be birthday present|journal=Miami Today|date = April 1, 2010|url = http://www.miamitodaynews.com/news/100401/story2.shtml}}</ref> Miami was officially incorporated as a city on July 28, 1896, with a population of just over 300.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hmsf.org/history/south-florida-brief-history.htm |title=South Florida: A Brief History |author1=Williams, Linda K. |author2=George, Paul S. |name-list-style=amp |publisher=Historical Museum of South Florida |access-date=August 24, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100429002717/http://www.hmsf.org/history/south-florida-brief-history.htm |archive-date=April 29, 2010}}</ref>
[[File:Mouth of Miami River 20100211.jpg|thumb|left|The mouth of the [[Miami River (Florida)|Miami River]] at [[Brickell Key]]]]
African American labor played a crucial role in Miami's early development. During the early 20th century, migrants from the [[The Bahamas|Bahamas]] and African-Americans constituted 40 percent of the city's population.<ref name= Concrete>{{Cite book|title = A World More Concrete: Real Estate and the Remaking of Jim Crow South Florida|last = Connolly|first = Nathan|publisher = University of Chicago Press|year = 2014}}</ref>{{rp|25}} Despite their role in the city's growth, their community was limited to a small space. When landlords began to rent homes to African-Americans around Avenue J (what would later become NW Fifth Avenue), a gang of white men with torches marched through the neighborhood and warned the residents to move or be bombed.<ref name=Concrete />{{rp|33}}
Miami prospered during the 1920s with an increase in population and development in infrastructure as northerners moved to the city. The legacy of [[Jim Crow laws|Jim Crow]] was embedded in these developments. Miami's chief of police at the time, [[H. Leslie Quigg]], did not hide the fact that he, like many other white Miami police officers, was a member of the [[Ku Klux Klan]]. Unsurprisingly, these officers enforced social codes far beyond the written law. Quigg, for example, "personally and publicly beat a colored bellboy to death for speaking directly to a white woman".<ref name=Concrete />{{rp|53}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1928/03/24/archives/miami-police-chief-is-jailed-for-murder-joins-5-other-officers.html|title=Miami Police chief is jailed for murder joins 5 other officers}}</ref>
The collapse of the [[Florida land boom of the 1920s]], the [[1926 Miami Hurricane]], and the [[Great Depression]] in the 1930s slowed development. When [[World War II]] began, Miami became a base for U.S. defense against [[U-boat|German submarines]] due to its prime location on the southern coast of Florida. This brought an increase in Miami's population; 172,172 people lived in the city by 1940. The city's nickname, ''The Magic City'', came from its rapid growth, which was noticed by winter visitors who remarked that the city grew so much from one year to the next that it was like magic.<ref name="MDInfocenter" />
After [[Fidel Castro]] rose to power in [[Cuba]] following the [[Cuban Revolution|Revolution]] in 1959, many wealthy Cubans sought refuge in Miami, further increasing the city's population. Miami developed new businesses and cultural amenities as part of the [[New South]] in the 1980s and 1990s. At the same time, South Florida weathered social problems related to [[War on drugs|drug wars]], immigration from [[Haiti]] and [[Latin America]], and the widespread destruction of [[Hurricane Andrew]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unitedgangs.com/zoe-pound-miami/|title=Zoe Pound (Miami)|date=October 1, 2017}}</ref><ref name=MDInfocenter>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamidade.gov/infocenter/about_miami-dade_history.asp| title= Miami-Dade County – Information Center |publisher= [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]]| access-date= April 18, 2008|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080225012927/http://www.miamidade.gov/infocenter/about_miami-dade_history.asp |archive-date = February 25, 2008}}</ref> Racial and cultural tensions sometimes sparked, but the city developed in the latter half of the 20th century as a major international, financial, and cultural center. It is the second-largest U.S. city with a Spanish-speaking majority (after [[El Paso, Texas]]), and the largest city with a [[Cuban-American]] plurality.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/03/03/archives/wallace-pressing-the-abortion-issue.html|title=Wallace Pressing the Abortion Issue|first=Roy Reed Special to The New York|last=Times|newspaper=The New York Times|date=March 3, 1976}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">U.S. Census, 2010 (Ethnicity) and Census American Community Survey 2008 (language).</ref>
==Geography==
Miami and its suburbs are located on a broad plain between the [[Everglades]] to the west and [[Biscayne Bay]] to the east, which extends from [[Lake Okeechobee]] southward to [[Florida Bay]]. The elevation of the area averages at around {{convert|6|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/caption_direct.jsp?photoId=STS062-85-026 |title=Miami, Florida metropolitan area as seen from STS-62 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |access-date=August 19, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201191110/http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/caption_direct.jsp?photoId=STS062-85-026 |archive-date=December 1, 2007}}</ref> above sea level in most neighborhoods, especially near the coast. The highest points are found along the [[Miami Rock Ridge]], which lies under most of the eastern Miami metro. The main portion of the city is on the shores of Biscayne Bay, which contains several hundred natural and artificial [[barrier island]]s, the largest of which contains [[Miami Beach, Florida|Miami Beach]] and [[South Beach]]. The [[Gulf Stream]], a warm [[ocean current]], runs northward just {{convert|15|mi|km}} off the coast, allowing the city's climate to stay warm and mild all year.
===Geology===
[[File:Miamihighpoint.jpg|thumb|left|View from one of the higher points in Miami, west of downtown. The highest natural point in the city of Miami is in [[Coconut Grove]], near the bay, along the [[Miami Rock Ridge]] at {{convert|24|ft|m}} [[Metres above sea level|above sea level]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.fiu.edu/~whitmand/Courses/Fl_geo_notes.html|title=Notes on the geology and Water Resources of South Florida|author=Dean Whitman|date=September 1997|work=Notes on Florida Geology|publisher=[[Florida International University]]|access-date=January 11, 2011}}</ref>]]
The surface bedrock under the Miami area is called [[Miami oolite]] or Miami limestone. This bedrock is covered by a thin layer of soil, and is no more than {{convert|50|ft|m}} thick. Miami limestone formed as the result of the drastic changes in sea level associated with recent [[glacial period]]s, or [[ice age]]s. Beginning some 130,000 years ago, the [[Sangamonian|Sangamonian Stage]] raised sea levels to approximately {{convert|25|ft|m|0}} above the current level. All of southern Florida was covered by a shallow sea. Several parallel lines of reef formed along the edge of the submerged Florida [[plateau]], stretching from the present Miami area to what is now the [[Dry Tortugas]]. The area behind this reef line was, in fact, a large lagoon, and the Miami limestone formed throughout the area from the deposition of oolites and the shells of [[bryozoans]]. Starting about 100,000 years ago, the [[Wisconsin glaciation]] began lowering sea levels, exposing the floor of the lagoon. By 15,000 years ago, the sea level had dropped {{convert|300|to|350|ft|m|-1}} below the current level. The sea level rose quickly after that, stabilizing at the current level about 4,000 years ago, leaving the [[mainland]] of South Florida just [[Above mean sea level|above sea level]].<ref name="geology">{{cite web|title=Miami Geology|url=http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Miami_Geology.html|website=miami-americabeach.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314102309/http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Miami_Geology.html|archive-date=March 14, 2017|access-date=April 3, 2019}}</ref>
Beneath the plain lies the [[Biscayne Aquifer]], a natural underground source of fresh water that extends from southern [[Palm Beach County, Florida|Palm Beach County]] to [[Florida Bay]]. It comes closest to the surface around the cities of [[Miami Springs, Florida|Miami Springs]] and [[Hialeah, Florida|Hialeah]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://capp.water.usgs.gov/gwa/ch_g/G-text4.html|title=USGS Ground Water Atlas of the United States|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|access-date=February 19, 2006}}</ref> Most of the [[Miami metropolitan area]] obtains its drinking water from the Biscayne Aquifer. As a result of the aquifer, it is not possible to dig more than {{convert|15|to|20|ft|m|abbr=on|0}} beneath the city without hitting water, which impedes underground construction, though some [[Underground parking in South Florida|underground parking garages]] exist. For this reason, the [[rapid transit|mass transit]] systems in and around Miami are elevated or [[land grading|at-grade]].<ref name="geology"/>
Most of the western fringes of the city border the [[Everglades]], a tropical marshland covering most of the southern portion of Florida. [[American alligator|Alligators]] that live in the marshes have ventured into Miami communities and onto major highways.<ref name="geology"/>
===Cityscape===
{{See also|List of tallest buildings in Miami}}
{{Wide image|Downtown Miami Panorama from the Rusty Pelican photo D Ramey Logan.jpg|1030px|Downtown Miami seen from the Rusty Pelican restaurant on [[Virginia Key]]}}
{{Wide image|Downtown Miami, Miami, FL, USA - panoramio (15).jpg|1030px|Northern [[Downtown Miami]] overlooking [[Interstate 95]]}}
{{Wide image|DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg|1030px|Downtown as seen from the Port of Miami}}
====Neighborhoods====
{{Main|Neighborhoods in Miami}}{{stack|float=right|
[[File:Old U.S. Post Office and Courthouse (Miami, Florida).jpg|thumb|The [[Downtown Miami Historic District]] is the city's largest [[historic district]], with buildings ranging from 1896 to 1939 in the heart of [[Downtown Miami|Downtown]].]]
[[File:Miami neighborhoodsmap.png|thumb|Map of Miami neighborhoods]]
}}
Miami is split roughly into north, south, west, and Downtown areas. The heart of the city is [[Downtown Miami]], which is on the eastern side and includes the neighborhoods of [[Brickell]], [[Virginia Key]], [[Watson Island]], as well as [[PortMiami]]. Downtown Miami is Florida's largest and most influential central business district, with many major banks, courthouses, financial headquarters, cultural and tourist attractions, schools, parks, and a large residential population. [[Brickell Avenue]] has the largest concentration of international banks in the United States. Just northwest of Downtown is the [[Health District (Miami)|Health District]], which is Miami's center for hospitals, [[research institute]]s and [[biotechnology]], with hospitals such as [[Jackson Memorial Hospital]], [[Bascom Palmer Eye Institute]], and the [[University of Miami]]'s [[Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine]].<ref name="neighborhoods">{{cite web|title=Neighborhoods in Miami|url=http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Neighborhoods_in_Miami.html|website=miami-americabeach.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314095512/http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Neighborhoods_in_Miami.html|archive-date=March 14, 2017|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>
The southern side of Miami includes the neighborhoods of [[Coral Way]], [[The Roads]], and [[Coconut Grove]]. Coral Way is a historic residential neighborhood built in 1922 between Downtown and [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]], and is home to many old homes and tree-lined streets. Coconut Grove, established in 1825, is a historic neighborhood with narrow, winding roads and a heavy tree canopy.<ref name="neighborhoods" /><ref>{{cite web |last=Gazaleh|first=Mark|title=Coconut Grove – West Grove tree canopy variations over time|date=May 2016|url=https://www.academia.edu/26538827|language=en}}</ref> It is the location of Miami's City Hall at [[Dinner Key]], the former [[Coconut Grove Playhouse]], [[CocoWalk]], and the [[Coconut Grove Convention Center]]. It is also home to many [[nightclub]]s, bars, restaurants, and [[Bohemianism|bohemian]] shops, which makes it very popular with local [[college student]]s. Coconut Grove is known for its many parks and gardens, such as [[Vizcaya Museum and Gardens|Vizcaya Museum]], [[The Kampong]], [[The Barnacle Historic State Park]], and numerous other historic homes and estates.<ref name="neighborhoods"/>
The western side of Miami includes the neighborhoods of [[Little Havana]], [[West Flagler]], and [[Flagami]]. Although at one time a mostly Jewish neighborhood, today western Miami is home to immigrants from mostly [[Central America]] and [[Cuba]], while the west central neighborhood of [[Allapattah]] is a multicultural community of many ethnicities.<ref name="neighborhoods"/>
The northern side of Miami includes [[Midtown Miami|Midtown]], a district with a great mix of diversity ranging from [[West Indian Americans|West Indians]] to [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics]] to [[European Americans]]. The [[Edgewater (Miami)|Edgewater]] neighborhood of Midtown is mostly composed of high-rise residential towers and is home to the [[Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts]]. [[Wynwood Art District|Wynwood]] is an art district with ten galleries in former warehouses, as well as a large outdoor mural project. The wealthier residents of Miami usually live in the [[Miami Design District|Design District]] and the [[Upper Eastside]], which has many 1920s homes as well as examples of [[Miami Modern architecture]] in the MiMo Historic District.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021|title=MIMO Biscayne Boulevard Historic District|url=http://mimoboulevard.org/what-is-mimo/about-the-historic-district/|url-status=live|access-date=July 23, 2021|website=MIMO Biscayne Association}}</ref> The northern side of Miami also has notable [[African-American]] and [[Caribbean]] immigrant communities, including [[Little Haiti]], [[Overtown (Miami)|Overtown]] (home of the [[Lyric Theater (Miami)|Lyric Theater]]), and [[Liberty City (Miami)|Liberty City]].<ref name="neighborhoods"/>
===Climate===
{{Main|Climate of Miami}}
[[File:Miamisummershower.png|thumb|Typical summer afternoon thunderstorm rolling in from the [[Everglades]]]]
Miami has a [[tropical monsoon climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Aw'')<ref name="Miami, Florida">{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=20227&cityname=Miami%2C+Florida%2C+United+States+of+America&units= |title=Weather: Miami, Florida |work=Weatherbase |access-date=March 30, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pdf/kottek_et_al_2006_A4.pdf |title=World Map of Köppen−Geiger Climate Classification}}</ref> with hot and wet summers and warm and dry winters.
The city's sea-level elevation, coastal location, position just above the [[Tropic of Cancer]], and proximity to the [[Gulf Stream]] shape its climate. Average winter high temperatures, from December to March, range from {{convert|76.4|-|80.3|F|C|abbr=}}. January is the coolest month with an average daily temperature of {{convert|68.2|F}}. Low temperatures fall below {{convert|50|F}} about 3 to 4 nights during the winter season,{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} after the passage of [[cold front]]s that produce what little rainfall that falls in the winter.
There are two basic seasons in Miami, a hot and wet season from May through October, and a warm and dry season from November through April. During the hot and wet season, daily thundershowers occur in the humid unstable air masses. The wet season in Miami is defined as the period during which the average daily [[dew point]] temperature is above {{Convert|70|F}}. The rainy season typically begins on the first day that occurs, or within a few days later. Similarly, daily rainfall in Miami decreases sharply when the average daily dew point falls to {{Convert|70|F}} or below, although in some years, a stalled front to the south of the Florida peninsula may cause rains to continue for a few more days. During the years 1956 to 1997, the date summer began ranged from April 16 to June 3, with a median date of May 21. During those same years, the date summer ended ranged from September 24 to November 1, with a median date of October 17.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Duration of Summer Season in South Florida|url=https://www.weather.gov/mfl/summer_season|access-date=May 22, 2021|website=NOAA National Weather Service}}</ref> During the summer, temperatures range from the mid-80s to low 90s °F (29–35 °C) and are accompanied by high humidity, though the heat is often relieved in the afternoon by thunderstorms or a [[sea breeze]] that develops off the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the year's {{convert|61.9|in|mm|0}} of rainfall occurs during this period. [[Dew point]]s in the warm months range from {{convert|71.9|F}} in June to {{convert|73.7|F}} in August.<ref name=NOAA/>
Extremes range from {{convert|27|°F|1}} on February 3, 1917 to {{convert|100|°F|0}} on July 21, 1942.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.weather.gov/media/mfl/climate/Daily_Records_Miami.pdf |title=Climatological Records for Miami, FL 1895 - 2019 |publisher=National Weather Service |access-date=November 23, 2019}}</ref><!-- note: PDF link found on https://www.weather.gov/mfl/climate --> While Miami has never [[snow in Florida|recorded snowfall]] at any official weather station since records have been kept, [[Snow flurry|snow flurries]] fell in some parts of the city on January 19, 1977.<ref>"[http://search.proquest.com/docview/541189651/ Maine shivers at −29: Snow falls in Florida]". Associated Press. ''The Baltimore Sun''. January 20, 1977. p. A1. ''"Temperatures dipped into the 30s in southern Florida, with snow flurries reported even in Miami Beach."''</ref><ref>Lardner Jr., George; Meyers, Robert. "[http://search.proquest.com/docview/146900778/ Miami Is Hit by First Recorded Snow: the State of Emergency Is Eyed for Virginia Thousands Idled as Cold Closes Factories, Businesses]". ''The Washington Post''. January 20, 1977. p. A1. ''The meandering jet stream in the upper atmosphere sent flurries of genuine snow onto Miami's palm trees. ... It was the farthest south that snow has been reported in the United States since the record books were started in the 19th century. ... The snow flurries in Miami will be only an asterisk in the record books since they didn't fall on any of the National Weather Service's recording stations in the area, but they were genuine."''</ref><ref>Khiss, Peter. "[http://search.proquest.com/docview/123531417/ New York High is 26 as the South Shivers: Florida Snow Causes Emergency Gas Shortage Widespread]". ''The New York Times''. January 20, 1977. p. 1. ''"Florida officially recorded snow for the first time yesterday in Palm Beach County, 65 miles north of Miami, and even that city had flurries, although not at the official stations at its airport or nearby Coral Gables."''</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VsAcAAAAIBAJ&pg=6854,7871034&dq=miami+news&hl=en |title=The Great Miami Snow Job |first=Howard |last=Kleinberg |work=The Dispatch |date=December 30, 1989 |access-date=September 23, 2010}}</ref>
[[Tropical cyclone|Hurricane season]] officially runs from June 1 through November 30, although hurricanes can develop beyond those dates. The most likely time for Miami to be hit is during the peak of the [[Cape Verde hurricane|Cape Verde]] season, which is mid-August through the end of September.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.com/newscenter/specialreports/hurricanes/vulnerablecities/miami.html |publisher=The Weather Channel |title=Vulnerable cities: Miami, Florida |access-date=February 19, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427194724/http://www.weather.com/newscenter/specialreports/hurricanes/vulnerablecities/miami.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=April 27, 2006}}</ref> Although tornadoes are uncommon in the area, one struck in [[1925 Miami tornado|1925]] and another in [[1997 Miami tornado|1997]]. Around 40% of homes in Miami are built upon [[floodplain]]s and are considered as flood-risk zones.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21728964-one-12-americans-now-lives-home-some-risk-flooding-irma-spared-america|title=Irma spared America, but still had a big effect on it|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=September 26, 2017|language=en}}</ref>
Miami falls under the [[United States Department of Agriculture|Department of Agriculture's]] 10b/11a plant [[hardiness zone]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/# |title=USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map |work=United States Department of Agriculture |access-date=February 24, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227032333/http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/ |archive-date=February 27, 2014}}</ref>
Miami is one of the major coastal cities and major cities in the United States that will be most affected by [[climate change]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=News|first=Daniel Cusick, E&E|title=Miami Is the "Most Vulnerable" Coastal City Worldwide|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/miami-is-the-most-vulnerable-coastal-city-worldwide/|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=Scientific American|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Florida Climate Outlook: Assessing Physical and Economic Impacts through 2040|url=https://www.rff.org/publications/reports/florida-climate-outlook/|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=Resources for the Future|language=en-US}}</ref> Global [[sea level rise]], which in Miami is projected to be {{convert|21|in|cm}} to {{convert|40|in|cm}} by 2070, will lead to an increase in storm damage, more intense flooding and will threaten the city's water supply.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Unified Sea Level Rise Projection Southeast Florida|url=https://southeastfloridaclimatecompact.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Sea-Level-Rise-Projection-Guidance-Report_FINAL_02212020.pdf|access-date=February 11, 2022|website=www.southeastfloridaclimatecompact.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Miami-Dade County - Environment - Impact on South Florida|url=http://www.miamidade.gov/environment/climate-change-impact.asp|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=www.miamidade.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Luscombe|first=Richard|date=April 21, 2020|title=Will Florida be lost forever to the climate crisis?|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/apr/21/florida-climate-crisis-sea-level-habitat-loss|access-date=November 14, 2020|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Real estate prices in Miami already reflect the increase in prices for real estate at a higher elevation within the city compared to real estate at a lower elevation.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Olick|first=Diana|date=August 29, 2018|title=Rising Risks: 'Climate gentrification' is changing Miami real estate values – for better and worse|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/08/29/climate-gentrification-is-changing-miami-real-estate-values.html|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=CNBC|language=en}}</ref>
{{Miami weatherbox}}
==Demographics==
{{Further|Cuban migration to Miami}}
{{US Census population
|1900= 1681
|1910= 5471
|1920= 29571
|1930= 110637
|1940= 172172
|1950= 249276
|1960= 291688
|1970= 334859
|1980= 346681
|1990= 358548
|2000= 362470
|2010= 399457
|2020= 442241
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref><br>2010–2020<ref name="QuickFacts" />
}}
The city proper is home to less than one-thirteenth of the population of [[South Florida]]. Miami is the 44th most populous city in the [[United States]]. The [[Miami metropolitan area]], which includes [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade]], [[Broward County, Florida|Broward]], and [[Palm Beach County, Florida|Palm Beach]] counties, has a population of 6.1 million people, ranking eighth largest in the United States.<ref name="2009 Pop. Est.">{{cite web|url=http://emiami.condos/CBSA-EST2009-01.xlsx|title=Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009|format=[[Microsoft Excel|XLS]]|work=2009 Population Estimates|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date=March 19, 2010|access-date=September 5, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016090520/http://emiami.condos/CBSA-EST2009-01.xlsx|archive-date=October 16, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Race and ethnicity 2010- Miami (5560452404).png|thumb|Map of racial/ethnic distribution in Miami, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people: <span style="color:#f00;">'''Non-Hispanic White'''</span>, <span style="color:#ff8000">'''Hispanic'''</span>, <span style="color:#00f;">'''Black'''</span>, <span style="color:#00ff80">'''Asian'''</span>]]
In 1960, Hispanics made up about 5% of the population of Miami-Dade County. Between 1960 and 2000, 90% of the population growth in the county was made up of Hispanics, raising the Hispanic portion of the population to more than 57% by 2000.<ref>{{cite web |date=September 2003 |title=Demographic Profile: Miami–Dade County, Florida 1960–2000 |url=http://www.miamidade.gov/planzone/Library/Census/demographic_profile.pdf |publisher=Miami–Dade County Department of Planning and Zoning |location=Miami, Florida |page=iii (p. 5 of PDF) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320082430/http://www.miamidade.gov/planzone/Library/Census/demographic_profile.pdf| archive-date=March 20, 2012 |access-date=January 19, 2020}}</ref>
In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Miami's population as 45% Hispanic, 32.9% non-Hispanic white, and 22.7% black.<ref>{{cite web|title=Florida – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |access-date=April 21, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012}}</ref> Miami's explosive population growth has been driven by internal migration from other parts of the country, primarily up until the 1980s, as well as by [[Immigration to the United States|immigration]], primarily from the 1960s to the 1990s. Today, immigration to Miami has continued and Miami's growth today is attributed greatly to its fast urbanization and high-rise construction, which has increased its inner city neighborhood population densities, such as in Downtown, Brickell, and [[Edgewater (Miami)|Edgewater]], where one area in Downtown alone saw a 2,069% increase in population in the 2010 Census. Miami is regarded as more of a [[multiculturalism|multicultural mosaic]], than it is a [[melting pot]], with residents still maintaining much of, or some of their [[Culture|cultural traits]]. The overall culture of Miami is heavily influenced by its large population of Hispanics from the [[Caribbean]] and [[South America]] and black people mainly from the Caribbean islands.<ref>[http://www.miamidadematters.org/demographicdata 2020 Demographics]. Miami Matters. Retrieved June 23, 2020</ref>
===Race, ethnicity, religion, and languages===
Miami has a [[minority-majority]] population, as [[non-Hispanic whites]] comprise less than half of the population, 12.9%, down from 41.7% in 1970. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic or Latino (of any race)]] make up 70% of Miami's population. As of the 2010 census, the racial makeup of the population of Miami was 72.6% [[White American]] (including [[White Hispanic]]), 19.2% black or [[African American]], 1% [[Asian American]], and the remainder belonged to other groups or was of mixed ancestry.
The 2010 US Census reported that the [[Hispanic]] population in Miami accounted for 70% of its total population,<ref name=HiLaMi>{{cite web|url = http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP10|archive-url = https://archive.today/20200212214535/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP10|url-status = dead|archive-date = February 12, 2020|title = Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin: 2010 – 2010 Census Summary File 1|access-date = August 18, 2014|website = American FactFinder|publisher = US Census Bureau}}</ref> with 34.4% of city residents being of [[Cuban people|Cuban]] origin, 15.8% had a [[Central American]] background (7.2% [[Nicaraguan people|Nicaraguan]], 5.8% [[Honduran people|Honduran]], 1.2% [[Salvadoran people|Salvadoran]], and 1.0% [[Guatemalan people|Guatemalan]]), 8.7% were of [[South American]] descent (3.2% [[Colombian people|Colombian]], 1.4% [[Venezuelan people|Venezuelan]], 1.2% [[Peruvian people|Peruvian]], 1.2% [[Argentine people|Argentine]], 1.0% [[Chilean people|Chilean]] and 0.7% [[Ecuadorian people|Ecuadorian]]), 4.0% had [[Hispanic people|other Hispanic or Latino]] origins (0.5% [[Spaniard]]), 3.2% descended from [[Puerto Rican people|Puerto Ricans]], 2.4% were [[Dominican people (Dominican Republic)|Dominican]], and 1.5% had [[Mexican people|Mexican]] ancestry.
{{As of|2010}}, those of African ancestry accounted for 19.2% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 5.6% were [[West Indian]] or [[Afro-Caribbean American]] origin (4.4% [[Haitian people|Haitian]], 0.4% [[Jamaican people|Jamaican]], 0.4% [[Bahamian people|Bahamian]], 0.1% [[British West Indian]], and 0.1% [[Trinidadian and Tobagonian]], 0.1% [[Afro-Caribbean|Other or Unspecified West Indian]]),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |title=Miami, Florida FIRST ANCESTRY REPORTED Universe: Total population – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 29, 2015}}</ref> 3.0% were [[Black Hispanic]]s,<ref name=HiLaMi/> and 0.4% were [[Sub-Saharan African|Subsaharan African]] origin.<ref name=MIAMIdemo>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |title=Miami, Florida Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 – 2010 Demographic Profile Data |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 25, 2015}}</ref><ref name=MIApop>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |title=Miami, Florida: SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 25, 2015}}</ref>
{{As of|2010}}, those of (non-Hispanic white) European ancestry accounted for 11.9% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 1.7% were German, 1.6% Italian, 1.4% Irish, 1.0% English, 0.8% French, 0.6% Russian, and 0.5% were Polish.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/><ref name=MIApop/> Since the 1960s, there has been massive [[white flight]] with many non-Hispanic whites moving outside Miami due to the influx of immigrants settling in most parts of Miami.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/meltingpot/melt1109.htm |title=A White Migration North From Miami |series=The Myth of the Melting Pot |newspaper=The Washington Post |last=Booth |first=William |date=November 11, 1998 |access-date=August 3, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://account.miamiherald.com/paywall/registration?resume=118269088|title=Miami Herald|website=account.miamiherald.com}}</ref>
{{As of|2010}}, those of Asian ancestry accounted for 1.0% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 0.3% were [[Indian Americans|Indian]]/[[Indo-Caribbean American|Indo-Caribbean]] (1,206 people), 0.3% [[Chinese people|Chinese]]/[[Chinese Caribbeans|Chinese Caribbean]] (1,804 people), 0.2% [[Filipino people|Filipino]] (647 people), 0.1% were other Asian (433 people), 0.1% [[Japanese people|Japanese]] (245 people), 0.1% [[Korean people|Korean]] (213 people), and 0.0% were [[Vietnamese people|Vietnamese]] (125 people).<ref name=MIAMIdemo/>
In 2010, 1.9% of the population considered themselves to be of only American ancestry (regardless of race or ethnicity),<ref name=MIAMIdemo/><ref name=MIApop/> while 0.5% were of Arab ancestry, {{As of|2010|lc=y}}.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/>
{|
|-
|align="left" |
{|class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align: left;font-size: 90%;"
! Demographic profile<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/FLtab.pdf |title=Florida – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Large Cities and Other Places|access-date=April 20, 2016}}</ref>
!2019<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami, FL {{!}} Data USA |url=https://datausa.io/profile/geo/miami-fl/ |access-date=2022-03-15 |website=datausa.io |language=en}}</ref>
! 2010
! 2000
! 1990
! 1980
! 1970
! 1960
! 1950
! 1940
! 1930
! 1920
! 1910
|-
|align="left" |[[White Americans|White]] (Includes [[White Hispanics]])
|77.1%||72.6% ||66.6% ||65.6% ||66.6% ||76.6% ||77.4% ||83.7% ||78.5% ||77.3% ||68.5%||58.7%
|-
|align="left" |[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics]]
|68.9%||70.0% ||65.8% ||62.5% ||55.9% ||44.6% ||17.6% ||– ||– ||– ||– ||–
|-
|align="left" |[[African Americans|Black]] or African American
|15.6%||19.2% ||22.3% ||27.4% ||25.1% ||22.7% ||22.4% ||16.2% ||21.4% ||22.7% ||31.3%||41.3%
|-
|align="left" |[[Non-Hispanic whites|Non-Hispanic White]]
|13.3%||11.9% ||11.8% ||12.2% ||19.4% ||41.7%||– ||– ||– ||– ||– ||–
|-
|align="left" |Other
|—||4.2% ||5.6% ||6.4% ||7.8% ||0.4%||0.1 ||0.1 ||0.1 ||0.1 ||0.1 ||0.1
|-
|align="left" |[[Asian Americans|Asian]]
|1.2%||1.0% ||0.7% ||0.6% ||0.5% ||0.3%||– ||– ||– ||– ||– ||–
|}
|}<!-- Citation provided, which has been archived, only covers population up to 1990, no sources cited for 2000, 2010 or 2020-->
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Religion in Miami (2014)<ref name=Religion>{{cite web|url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/miami-metro-area/|publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]|title=Adults in the Miami metro area}}</ref>
| label1 = [[Protestantism]]
| value1 = 39
| color1 = DodgerBlue
| label2 = [[Roman Catholicism]]
| value2 = 27
| color2 = #d4213d
| label3 = [[Mormonism]]
| value3 = 0.5
| color3 = DarkTurquoise
| label4 = [[Eastern Orthodoxy]]
| value4 = 0.5
| color4 = Purple
| label5 = [[Jehovah's Witnesses]]
| value5 = 1
| color5 = Aquamarine
| label6 = Other Christian
| value6 = 1
| color6 = Pink
| label7 = [[Irreligious|No religion]]
| value7 = 21
| color7 = Honeydew
| label8 = [[Judaism]]
| value8 = 9
| color8 = Blue
| label9 = Other religion
| value9 = 1
| color9 = Chartreuse
}}
According to a 2014 study by the [[Pew Research Center]], [[Christianity]] is the most prevalently practiced religion in Miami (68%), with 39% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered [[Protestant]], and 27% professing [[Roman Catholic]] beliefs.<ref>[http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/ Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles], Pew Research Center</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/ |title=America's Changing Religious Landscape |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]: Religion & Public Life |date=May 12, 2015}}</ref> followed by [[Judaism]] (9%); [[Islam]], [[Buddhism]], [[Hinduism]], and a variety of other religions have smaller followings; [[atheism]] or no self-identifying organized religious affiliation was practiced by 21%.
There has been a [[Norwegian Church Abroad|Norwegian Seamen's church]] in Miami since the early 1980s. In November 2011, [[Crown Princess Mette-Marit]] opened a new building for the church. The church was built as a center for the 10,000 [[Scandinavia]]ns that live in Florida. Around 4,000 of them are [[Norwegians|Norwegian]]. The church is also an important place for the 150 Norwegians that work at [[Disney World]].<ref>[http://www.norwaypost.no/index.php/news/latest-news/26012-crown-princess-opens-seamens-church-in-miami-26012 Crown Princess Opens Seamen's Church in Miami]. Norwaypost.no (November 21, 2011). Retrieved on August 3, 2013.</ref>
{{As of|2016}}, a total of 73% of Miami's population age five and over spoke a language other than English at home. Of this 73%, 64.5% of the population only spoke Spanish at home while 21.1% of the population spoke English at home. About 7% spoke other [[Indo-European languages]] at home, while about 0.9% spoke [[Languages of Asia|Asian languages]] or [[Languages of Oceania|Pacific Islander languages]]/[[Oceanic languages]] at home. The remaining 0.7% of the population spoke other languages at home.<ref>"[https://www.census.gov Retrieved August 23, 2018.]</ref>
{{As of|2010}}, 70.2% of Miami's population age five and over spoke only Spanish at home while 22.7% of the population spoke English at home. About 6.3% spoke other [[Indo-European languages]] at home. About 0.4% spoke [[Languages of Asia|Asian languages]] or [[Languages of Oceania|Pacific Islander languages]]/[[Oceanic languages]] at home. The remaining 0.3% of the population spoke other languages at home. In total, 77.3% spoke another language other than English.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/>
===Education, households, income, and poverty===
{{As of|2010}}, 80% of people over age 25 were a high school graduate or higher. 27.3% of people in Miami had a bachelor's degree or higher.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/miamicityflorida/PST045217|title=QuickFacts Miami city, Florida|website=census.gov|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|year=2017|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>
{{As of|2010}}, there were 158,317 households, of which 14% were vacant. 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.3% were married couples living together, 18.1% have a female head of household with no husband present, and 43.1% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older (4% male and 7.3% female.) The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.15.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/><ref name=MIAage>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |title=Miami, Florida: Age Groups and Sex: 2010 – 2010 Census Summary File 1 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 25, 2015}}</ref>
In 2010, the city population was spread out, with 18.8% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.1 males.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/><ref name=MIAage/>
In 2010, 58.1% of the county's population was foreign born, with 41.1% being [[Naturalized citizen of the United States|naturalized American citizens]]. Of foreign-born residents, 95.4% were born in Latin America, 2.4% were born in Europe, 1.4% born in Asia, 0.5% born in Africa, 0.2% in North America, and 0.1% were born in Oceania.<ref name=MIApop/>
In 2004, the [[United Nations|United Nations Development Program]] (UNDP) reported that Miami had the highest proportion of foreign-born residents of any major city worldwide (59%), followed by Toronto (50%).
About 22.2% of families and 27.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]] at the census, including 37.1% of those under age 18 and 32.8% of those aged 65 or over.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |title=Miami, Florida: SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 26, 2015}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="float: left; margin-right: 2em; width: 50%; font-size: 95%;"
|-
!colspan=4|Miami demographics
|-
![[United States Census, 2010|2010 Census]]||Miami<ref name="American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau">{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/profile/FL|title=Miami city, Florida – Census 2010 |work=USA Today|access-date=January 12, 2012}}</ref>||Miami-Dade County||Florida
|-
|Total population||399,457||2,496,435||18,801,310
|-
|Population, percent change, 2000 to 2010||+10.2%||+10.8%||+17.6%
|-
|Population density||{{convert|11,135.9|/sqmi|abbr=on|disp=br()}}||{{convert|1,315.5|/sqmi|abbr=on|disp=br()}}||{{convert|350.6|/sqmi|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
|-
|[[White (U.S. Census)|White or Caucasian]] (including [[White Hispanic]])||72.6%||73.8%||75.0%
|-
|[[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic or Latino (of any race)]]||70.0%||65.0%||22.5%
|-
|[[Black (U.S. Census)|Black or African-American]]||19.2%||18.9%||16.0%
|-
|([[Non-Hispanic Whites|Non-Hispanic White or Caucasian]])||11.9%||15.4%||57.9%
|-
|[[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]]||1.0%||1.5%||2.4%
|-
|[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Native Alaskan]]||0.3%||0.2%||0.4%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]]||0.0%||0.0%||0.1%
|-
|[[Multiracial American|Two or more races (Multiracial)]]||2.7%||2.4%||2.5%
|-
|[[Other races (U.S. Census)|Some Other Race]]||4.2%||3.2%||3.6%
|}
{{Clear}}
==Economy==
[[File:Brickell1.JPG|thumb|right|Downtown is [[South Florida]]'s main hub for finance, commerce and [[international business]]. [[Brickell Avenue]] has the largest concentration of international banks in the U.S.]]
[[File:Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg|thumb|right|As seen in 2006, the [[List of tallest buildings in Miami|high-rise construction]] in Miami has inspired popular opinion of "[[manhattanization|Miami manhattanization]]"]]
[[File:Brickell Avenue 20100203.jpg|thumb|Brickell Avenue in Downtown Miami's [[Brickell|Brickell Financial District]]]]
Miami is a major center of commerce and finance and boasts a strong [[international business]] community. According to the 2020 ranking of world cities undertaken by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]] (GaWC) based on the level of presence of global corporate service organizations, Miami is considered a Beta + level [[Global city|world city]], along with [[Atlanta]], [[Dallas]], and [[Houston]], however according to the US census between the years 2015–2019, Miami lacks in terms of owner-occupied housing, computer and internet usage, education regarding bachelor's degree or higher, median household income, per capita income, while achieving higher percentage of persons in poverty.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html|title=GaWC - The World According to GaWC 2018|website=www.lboro.ac.uk|access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|title=US Census 2015-2019|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/houstoncitytexas,atlantacitygeorgia,dallascitytexas,miamicityflorida/PST045219}} </ref> Miami has a Gross Metropolitan Product of $257 billion, ranking 11th in the United States and 20th worldwide in GMP.<ref>{{cite web|title=Which are the largest city economies in the world and how might this change by 2025?|url=https://www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/imagelibrary/downloadMedia.ashx?MediaDetailsID%3D1562 |website=PricewaterhouseCoopers UK|access-date=November 20, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531000745/http://www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/imagelibrary/downloadMedia.ashx?MediaDetailsID=1562 |archive-date=May 31, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Gross Metropolitan Product|url=http://greyhill.com/gross-metropolitan-product|publisher=Greyhill Advisors|access-date=September 29, 2011}}</ref>
Several large companies are headquartered in Miami, including but not limited to [[Akerman LLP]], [[Alienware]], [[Arquitectonica]], [[Brightstar Corporation]], [[Celebrity Cruises]], [[Carnival Corporation & plc|Carnival Corporation]], [[Duany Plater-Zyberk]], [[Greenberg Traurig]], [[Inktel Direct]], [[Lennar Corporation]], [[Norwegian Cruise Line]], [[Oceania Cruises]], [[OPKO Health]], [[Parkjockey]], [[RCTV International]], [[Royal Caribbean International]], [[Sitel]], [[Southern Wine & Spirits]], [[Telemundo]], [[Vector Group]], [[Watsco]] and [[World Fuel Services]]. Over 1,400 multinational firms are located in Miami, with many major global organisations headquartering their Latin American operations (or regional offices) in the city including [[Walmart]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://walmartstores.com/FactsNews/NewsRoom/9663.aspx |title=Walmart Latinoamérica Opens New Regional Office in South Florida, Introduces New Regional President and CEO Eduardo Solórzano |publisher=Walmartstores.com |date=February 23, 2010 |access-date=September 5, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304195241/http://walmartstores.com/FactsNews/NewsRoom/9663.aspx |archive-date=March 4, 2010}}</ref> Additionally, companies based in nearby cities or unincorporated areas of [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]] include, [[Benihana]], [[Burger King]], [[Carnival Cruise Line]], [[Navarro Discount Pharmacies]], [[Perry Ellis International]], [[Ryder]], [[Sedano's]], [[UniMás]], and [[U.S. Century Bank]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bk.com/about-bk|title=About Us – Burger King|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.perryellis.com/pages/about-us|title=Our Story|publisher=[[Perry Ellis International]]|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref>
Miami is a major television production center, and the most important city in the United States for Spanish language media. [[Telemundo]] and [[UniMás]] have their headquarters in the Miami area. [[Univision|Univisión Studios]] and [[Telemundo Studios]] produce much of the original programming for their respective parent networks, such as [[telenovela]]s, news, sports, and talk shows. In 2011, 85% of Telemundo's original programming was filmed in Miami.<ref>[http://miamitodaynews.com/news/110623/story4.shtml Telemundo plans to tape 1,100 hours of telenovelas in Miami]. Miamitodaynews.com (June 23, 2011). Retrieved on October 8, 2012.</ref> Miami is also a significant music recording center, with the [[Sony Music Latin]] headquarters in the city, along with many other smaller [[record label]]s. The city also attracts many artists for music video and film shoots.
During the mid-2000s, the city witnessed its largest real estate boom since the [[Florida land boom of the 1920s]], and the city had well over a hundred approved high-rise construction projects. However, only 50 were actually built.<ref>[http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/sk/li/?id=101321&bt=2&ht=3&sro=1 Miami: High rise buildings–All]. Emporis. Retrieved August 25, 2007.</ref> Rapid high-rise construction led to fast population growth in the Miami's inner neighborhoods, with [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]], [[Brickell]] and [[Edgewater (Miami)|Edgewater]] becoming the fastest-growing areas of the city. The city currently has the seven tallest (as well as fifteen of top twenty) [[List of tallest buildings in Florida|skyscrapers in the state of Florida]], with the tallest being the {{convert|868|ft|m|0|adj=on|abbr=}} [[Panorama Tower]].<ref name=emporis>{{cite web|url=http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/sk/li/?id=101321&bt=9&ht=2&sro=1|title=Miami:High rise buildings–Completed|publisher=[[Emporis]]|access-date=August 19, 2007}}</ref>
The [[United States housing bubble|housing market crash of 2007]] caused a foreclosure crisis in the area.<ref>{{cite news|last=Bell|first=Maya|url=http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/orl-condobust2707aug27,0,2001796.story|title=Boom of condo crash loudest in Miami|work=[[Orlando Sentinel]]|date=August 27, 2007|access-date=August 30, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070901092249/http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/orl-condobust2707aug27,0,2001796.story|archive-date=September 1, 2007}}</ref> In 2012, ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine named Miami the most miserable city in the United States because of the crippling housing crisis that cost multitudes of residents their homes and jobs. In addition, the metro area has one of the highest violent crime rates in the country and workers face lengthy daily commutes.<ref>{{cite news|title=America's Most Miserable Cities (2012)|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2012/02/02/americas-most-miserable-cities/|work=Forbes|access-date=March 31, 2013|first=Kurt|last=Badenhausen}}</ref> Like other metro areas in the United States, crime in Miami is localized to specific neighborhoods.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jumpshell.com/posts/moving-to-miami#crimemaps|title=Moving to Miami, FL: Relocating Tips & Advice|work=Jumpshell|first=Raleigh|last=Werner|access-date=May 27, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911171407/https://www.jumpshell.com/posts/moving-to-miami#crimemaps|archive-date=September 11, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> In a 2016 study by the website ''24/7 Wall Street'', Miami was rated as the worst U.S. city in which to live, based on crime, poverty, [[income inequality in the United States|income inequality]], education, and housing costs that far exceed the national median.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kaufmanmkaufman |first=Michelle |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/article86476492.html |title=Miami was rated Worst American City to Live In by website 24/7 Wall St. |newspaper=Miami Herald |date=June 28, 2016 |access-date=September 23, 2017}}</ref>
[[Miami International Airport]] (MIA) and [[PortMiami]] are among the nation's busiest ports of entry, especially for cargo from [[South America]] and the [[Caribbean]]. PortMiami is the world's busiest cruise port, and MIA is the busiest airport in Florida and the largest gateway between the United States and Latin America.<ref>{{cite news|title=New figures show PortMiami retained No. 1 cruise port ranking|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/southflorida/news/2012/12/24/portmiami-drops-behind-port-canaveral.html|work=Business Journal|access-date=March 31, 2013}}</ref> Due to its strength in international business, finance and trade, the city has among the largest concentration of international banks in the country, primarily along [[Brickell Avenue]] in [[Brickell]], Miami's financial district. Miami was the host city of the 2003 [[Free Trade Area of the Americas]] negotiations.
Miami is the home to the [[National Hurricane Center]] and the headquarters of the [[United States Southern Command]], responsible for military operations in [[Central America|Central]] and South America. Miami is also an industrial center, especially for stone quarrying and warehousing. These industries are centered largely on the western fringes of the city near [[Doral, Florida|Doral]] and [[Hialeah, Florida|Hialeah]].
According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]] in 2012, Miami had the [[List of lowest-income places in the United States|fourth highest percentage]] of family incomes below the federal poverty line out of all large cities in the United States, behind [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]], [[Cleveland|Cleveland, Ohio]], and [[Cincinnati|Cincinnati, Ohio]], respectively. Miami is also one of the very few cities in the U.S. where the local government has gone bankrupt, in 2001.<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,135186,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930034506/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,135186,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 30, 2007|title=Gloom over Miami|last=Cohen|first=Adam|date=June 24, 2001|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=September 2, 2007}}</ref> On the other hand, Miami has won accolades for its environmental policies: in 2008, it was ranked as "America's Cleanest City" according to ''Forbes'' for its year-round good air quality, vast green spaces, clean drinking water, clean streets and citywide recycling programs.<ref name="Van Riper">{{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/business/2008/03/17/miami-seattle-orlando-biz-logistics-cx_tvr_0317cleanest.html|title=America's cleanest cities|last=Van Riper|first=Tom|date=March 17, 2008|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=February 23, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100529143525/http://www.forbes.com/2008/03/17/miami-seattle-orlando-biz-logistics-cx_tvr_0317cleanest.html|archive-date=May 29, 2010}}</ref>
===PortMiami===
{{Main|PortMiami}}
[[File:Port of Miami 20071208.jpg|thumb|right|[[PortMiami]] is the world's largest cruise ship port, and is the headquarters of many of the world's largest cruise companies]]
Miami is home to one of the largest ports in the United States, the [[PortMiami]]. It is the largest cruise ship port in the world, and is often called the "Cruise Capital of the World" and the "Cargo Gateway of the Americas".<ref name=miamiport>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamidade.gov/portmiami/|title=Port of Miami|work=Miami-Dade County|access-date=October 28, 2008}}</ref> It has retained its status as the number one cruise/passenger port in the world for well over a decade, accommodating the largest cruise ships and the major cruise lines. In 2017, the port served 5,340,559 cruise passengers.<ref name = portreport>{{cite web|url = http://www.miamidade.gov/portmiami/library/brochures/2017-statistics-brochure.pdf|title = 2017-18 Port Report|publisher = PortMiami}}</ref> Additionally, the port is one of the nation's busiest cargo ports, importing 9,162,340 tons of cargo in 2017.<ref name = portreport/> Among North American ports, it ranks second to [[New Orleans]]' [[Port of South Louisiana]] in cargo tonnage imported from [[Latin America]]. The port sits on {{convert|518|acre|km2|0|abbr=on}} and has seven passenger terminals. [[China]] is the port's number one import country and number one export country. Miami has the world's largest amount of cruise line headquarters, home to [[Carnival Cruise Line]], [[Celebrity Cruises]], [[Norwegian Cruise Line]], [[Oceania Cruises]], and [[Royal Caribbean International]]. In 2014, the [[Port of Miami Tunnel]] was opened, connecting the [[MacArthur Causeway]] to PortMiami.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Cordle|first1=Ina Paiva|title=The new PortMiami tunnel's opening is delayed until mid-June|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/05/28/4143644/the-new-portmiami-tunnels-opening.html|access-date=June 6, 2014|newspaper=The Miami Herald|date=May 28, 2014}}</ref>
===Tourism and conventions===
[[File:Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Royal Caribbean International]] headquarters at the [[Port of Miami]]]]
Tourism is one of the Miami's largest private-sector industries, accounting for more than 144,800 jobs in [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.globest.com/2018/05/02/greater-miami-tourism-industry-setting-records/?slreturn=20180904191824|title=Greater Miami Tourism Industry Setting Records|last=Jordan|first=John|website=globest.com|publisher=GlobeSt|date = May 2, 2018|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref> The city's frequent portrayal in music, film, and popular culture has made the city and its landmarks recognizable worldwide. In 2016, it attracted the second-highest number of foreign tourists of any city in the United States, after [[New York City]], and is among the top 20 cities worldwide by international visitor spending. More than 15.9 million visitors arrived in Miami in 2017, adding $26.1 billion to the economy.<ref>{{cite news|url = https://www.miamiherald.com/latest-news/article210209129.html|publisher = Miami Herald|title = Despite Irma, Miami tourism grew in 2017. Will Asia flights make 2018 even better?|last = Herrera|first = Chabeli|website=miamiherald.com|date = May 1, 2018|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref> With a large hotel infrastructure and the newly renovated [[Miami Beach Convention Center]], Miami is a popular destination for annual conventions and conferences.
Some of the most popular tourist destinations in Miami include [[South Beach]], [[Lincoln Road]], [[Bayside Marketplace]], [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown Miami]], and [[Brickell City Centre]]. The [[Miami Beach Architectural District|Art Deco District]] in [[Miami Beach, Florida|Miami Beach]] is reputed as one of the most glamorous in the world for its nightclubs, beaches, historical buildings, and shopping. Annual events such as the [[Miami Open (tennis)|Miami Open]], [[Art Basel]], the [[Winter Music Conference]], the [[Food Network South Beach Wine and Food Festival|South Beach Wine and Food Festival]], and [[Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami]] attract millions to the metropolis every year.
==Culture==
{{See also|LGBT culture in Miami|List of films and television shows set in Miami}}
Miami enjoys a vibrant culture that is influenced by a diverse population from all around the world. Miami is known as the "Magic City" for seemingly popping up overnight due to its young age, massive growth, and its aesthetics of [[Art Deco in the United States|neon art deco]]. The city itself is infamous for its [[Miami drug war|drug war]] in the early 80s and its outrun aesthetics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://culturecrusaders.com/2019/02/12/7-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-miami-drug-wars/|title=8 Things you didn't know about the Miami Drug Wars|date=February 12, 2019|website=culturecrusaders.com|access-date=February 12, 2019}}</ref> It is also nicknamed the "Capital of Latin America" because of its high population of Spanish-speakers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-36281648|title=How Miami became the capital of affluent Latin America|last=Fajardo|first=Luis|date=May 16, 2016|website=[[BBC News]]|access-date=May 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/20/us/20miami.html|title=Influx of South Americans Drives Miami's Reinvention|last=Alvarez|first=Lizette|date=July 19, 2014|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=July 19, 2014}}</ref>
Miami has been the setting of numerous films and television shows, including ''[[Miami Vice]]'', ''[[Cocaine Cowboys (2006 film)|Cocaine Cowboys]]'', ''[[Burn Notice]]'', ''[[Jane the Virgin]]'', [[Scarface (1983 film)|''Scarface'']], ''[[The Birdcage]]'', ''[[Ace Ventura: Pet Detective]]'', ''[[The Golden Girls]]'', ''[[2 Fast 2 Furious|2 fast 2 furious]]'', and ''[[Dexter (TV series)|Dexter]]''. Several video games, including the gameloft classic ''[[Asphalt Overdrive]]'', ''[[Scarface: The World Is Yours|Scarface]]'' video game franchise, and the fictional [[Vice city|Vice City]] in several video games across the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' series, most notably ''[[Grand Theft Auto: Vice City]]'', is based on Miami.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/grand-theft-auto-vice-city-graphics-qanda/1100-2881042/|title=Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Graphics Q&A|author=Gamespot Staff|date=September 27, 2002|website=GameSpot|language=en-US|access-date=May 29, 2018}}</ref>
===Entertainment and performing arts===
{{main|Music of Miami}}
[[File:Knightconcerthall.jpg|thumb|[[Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts]], the second-largest performing arts center in the United States]]
In addition to annual festivals like the [[Calle Ocho Festival]], Miami is home to many entertainment venues, theaters, museums, parks and performing arts centers. The newest addition to the Miami arts scene is the [[Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts]], home of the [[Florida Grand Opera]] and the second-largest performing arts center in the United States after [[Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|Lincoln Center]] in [[New York City]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/04/arts/music/04tomm.html|title=Carnival Center for the Performing Arts - Miami - Music|last=Tommasini|first=Anthony|date=February 4, 2007|work=The New York Times|access-date=May 29, 2018|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The center attracts many large-scale operas, ballets, concerts, and musicals from around the world. Other performing arts venues in Miami include the [[Olympia Theater (Miami)|Olympia Theater]], [[Wertheim Performing Arts Center]], the [[Fair Expo Center]], the [[Tower Theater (Miami, Florida)|Tower Theater]], and the [[Bayfront Park|Bayfront Park Amphitheater]].
Another celebrated event is the [[Miami International Film Festival]], taking place every year for 10 days around the first week of March, during which independent international and American films are screened across the city. Miami has over a half dozen independent film theaters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://miamifilmfestival.com/|title=Miami International Film Festival|website=Miami Film Festival|language=en-US|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref>
Miami attracts a large number of musicians, singers, actors, dancers, and orchestral players. The city has numerous orchestras, symphonies and performing art conservatories. These include the [[Florida Grand Opera]], [[Florida International University|FIU School of Music]], [[Frost School of Music]], and the [[New World School of the Arts]].
Miami is also a major fashion center, home to models and some of the top modeling agencies in the world. The city is host to many fashion shows and events, including the annual [[Miami Fashion Week]] and the [[Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami]], held in the [[Wynwood Art District]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamifashionweek.com/new_admin/html/Overview.html|title=Miami Fashion Week|publisher=Miami Fashion Week|access-date=April 20, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511195801/http://www.miamifashionweek.com/new_admin/html/Overview.html|archive-date=May 11, 2008}}</ref>
Miami will be having their first boat-in movie theater on Saturday, July 25, 2020.<ref name="miamiherald.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/miami-com/things-to-do/article244378772.html |title=There's a new drive in movie theater on Biscayne Bay: Be sure to bring your boat |website=[[Miami Herald]] |access-date=February 26, 2021}}</ref> This idea came about because of the social distancing efforts amid the COVID-19-Pandemic. The event is $50 per boat and there is no swimming allowed in the area.<ref name="miamiherald.com"/> Guests are expected to bring their own boat and to remain inside of it for safety. Other cities implementing similar ideas are: [[Chicago]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Cincinnati]], [[New York City]] and [[Paris]].
===Museums and visual arts===
Some of the museums in Miami include the [[Frost Art Museum]], [[Phillip and Patricia Frost Museum of Science|Frost Museum of Science]], [[HistoryMiami]], [[Institute of Contemporary Art (Miami)|Institute of Contemporary Art]], [[Miami Children's Museum]], [[Pérez Art Museum Miami|Pérez Art Museum]], [[Lowe Art Museum]], and the [[Vizcaya Museum and Gardens]], a [[National Historic Landmark]] set on a 28-acre early 20th century estate in [[Coconut Grove, Florida|Coconut Grove]].
===Cuisine===
The cuisine of Miami is a reflection of its diverse population, with a heavy influence from [[Caribbean cuisine|Caribbean]] and [[Latin American cuisine]]. By combining the two with [[American cuisine]], it has spawned a unique [[South Florida]] style of cooking known as [[Floribbean cuisine]]. It is widely available throughout Miami and South Florida and can be found in restaurant chains such as [[Pollo Tropical]].
Cuban immigrants in the 1960s originated the [[Cuban sandwich]] and brought [[medianoche]], [[Cuban espresso]], and [[croquette|croquetas]], all of which have grown in popularity among all Miamians and have become symbols of the city's varied cuisine. Today, these are part of the local culture and can be found throughout the city at window cafés, particularly outside of supermarkets and restaurants.<ref>[http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/Sandwiches/CubanSandwich.htm Cuban Sandwich, History of Cuban Sandwich, History of Cubano Sandwich]. Whatscookingamerica.net. Retrieved on October 8, 2012.</ref><ref>[http://www.frommers.com/destinations/miami/0017024034.html Local Cuisine in Miami at Frommer's]. Frommers.com. Retrieved on October 8, 2012.</ref> Some of these locations, such as the [[Versailles restaurant]] in [[Little Havana]], are landmark eateries of Miami. Located on the Atlantic Ocean, and with a long history as a [[Port|seaport]], Miami is also known for its seafood, with many seafood restaurants located along the [[Miami River (Florida)|Miami River]] and in and around Biscayne Bay.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.miaminewtimes.com/restaurants/search/cuisine:Seafood/ |title=Miami Cuisine: Seafood Restaurants Guide – Miami Dining Guide |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120720222320/https://www.miaminewtimes.com/restaurants/search/cuisine%3ASeafood/ |archive-date=July 20, 2012 |newspaper=[[Miami New Times]] |access-date=October 8, 2012}}</ref> The city is also the headquarters of restaurant chains such as [[Burger King]] and [[Benihana]].
===Dialect===
{{Main|Miami accent}}
The Miami area has a unique dialect, commonly called the "[[Miami accent]]", that is widely spoken. The accent developed among second- or third-generation [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics]], including [[Cuban Americans]], whose first language was English (though some [[Non-Hispanic whites|non-Hispanic white]], [[black people|black]], and [[Race and ethnicity in the United States|other races]] who were born and raised in the Miami area tend to adopt it as well).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-why-locals-embrace-heavy-l-or-not?nopop=1 |title=Miami Accents: Why Locals Embrace That Heavy "L" Or Not|date=August 27, 2013|publisher=WLRN ([[WLRN-TV]] and [[WLRN-FM]])|access-date=September 1, 2013}}</ref> It is based on a fairly [[General American|standard American accent]] but with some changes, very similar to dialects in the [[Mid-Atlantic (United States)|Mid-Atlantic]] (especially those in the [[New York City English|New York area]] and [[New Jersey English|Northern New Jersey]], including [[New York Latino English]]). Unlike [[Piedmont region of Virginia|Virginia Piedmont]], Coastal Southern American, Northeast American dialects and [[Florida Cracker]] dialect, "Miami accent" is [[Rhoticity in English|rhotic]]; it also incorporates a rhythm and pronunciation heavily influenced by Spanish (wherein rhythm is [[isochrony#syllable timing|syllable-timed]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2004-06-13/news/0406130047_1_cuban-accent-spanish-sound |title='Miami Accent' Takes Speakers By Surprise|work=Articles – [[Sun-Sentinel]].com |date=June 13, 2004|access-date=October 8, 2012}}</ref>
This is a native dialect of English, not learner English or [[interlanguage]]; it is possible to differentiate this variety from an [[interlanguage]] spoken by second-language speakers in that the "Miami accent" does ''not'' generally display the following features: there is no [[epenthesis|addition]] of {{IPA|/ɛ/}} before initial consonant clusters with {{IPA|/s/}}, speakers do not confuse of {{IPA|/dʒ/}} with {{IPA|/j/}}, (e.g., ''Yale'' with ''jail''), and /r/ and /rr/ are pronounced as [[Alveolar approximant|alveolar approximant <nowiki>[</nowiki>{{IPA|ɹ}}<nowiki>]</nowiki>]] instead of [[alveolar tap]] {{IPA|[ɾ]}} or [[alveolar trill]] [r] in Spanish.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-how-miamah-turned-different-sort-twang |title=Miami Accents: How 'Miamah' Turned Into A Different Sort Of Twang|date=August 26, 2013|publisher=WLRN ([[WLRN-TV]] & [[WLRN-FM]])|access-date=September 1, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-why-locals-embrace-heavy-l-or-not|title=Miami Accents: Why Locals Embrace That Heavy "L" Or Not|author=Patience Haggin|date=August 27, 2013|access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-how-miamah-turned-different-sort-twang|title=Miami Accents: How 'Miamah' Turned Into A Different Sort Of Twang|author=Gabriella Watts|date=August 26, 2013|access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/09/07/3609984/english-in-the-305-has-its-own.html |title=English in the 305 has its own distinct Miami sound |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203181803/http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/09/07/3609984/english-in-the-305-has-its-own.html |archive-date=December 3, 2013 |newspaper=[[Miami Herald]] |last=Haggin |first=Patience |date=September 16, 2013}}</ref>
==Sports==
{{See also|Sports in Miami}}
[[File:200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg|right|thumb|[[Hard Rock Stadium]], home venue for the [[Miami Dolphins]] (NFL) and site for College Football Playoff's (CFP) [[Orange Bowl]]]]
[[File:Miami Jai Alai fronton.jpg|thumb|Miami Jai Alai fronton, known as "The Yankee Stadium of Jai Alai"]]
Miami's main five sports teams are [[Inter Miami CF]] of [[Major League Soccer]] (MLS),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.intermiamicf.com/club/about|title=About the Club |website=[[Inter Miami CF]]|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> the [[Miami Dolphins]] of the [[National Football League]] (NFL), the [[Miami Heat]] of the [[National Basketball Association]] (NBA),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nba.com/heat/team/history|title=Miami Heat History|website=HEAT.com|access-date=February 26, 2022}}</ref> the [[Miami Marlins]] of [[Major League Baseball]] (MLB),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlb.com/marlins/history/timeline-1980s|title=Miami Marlins Franchise Timeline|website=Marlins.com|access-date=February 26, 2022}}</ref> and the [[Florida Panthers]] of the [[National Hockey League]] (NHL).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/panthers|title=Official website of the Florida Panthers|website=NHL.com|publisher=[[National Hockey League]]|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> The [[Miami Open (tennis)|Miami Open]], an annual tennis tournament, was previously held in [[Key Biscayne, Florida|Key Biscayne]] before moving to [[Hard Rock Stadium]] after the tournament was purchased by [[Miami Dolphins]] owner [[Stephen M. Ross|Stephen Ross]] in 2019. The city is home to numerous [[marina]]s, [[jai alai]] venues, and [[golf course]]s. The city streets have hosted professional auto races in the past, most notably the open-wheel [[Grand Prix of Miami (open wheel racing)|Grand Prix of Miami]], the sports car [[Grand Prix of Miami (sports car racing)|Grand Prix of Miami]], and [[Miami Grand Prix]] of [[Formula One]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.miami-grand-prix-to-join-f1-calendar-in-2022.44Dqc0CfhQzb7bb7MIjkqX.html|title=Miami Grand Prix to join F1 calendar in 2022, with exciting new circuit planned|date=April 18, 2021|website=Formula1.com|access-date=March 9, 2022}}</ref> The [[Homestead–Miami Speedway|Homestead-Miami Speedway]] oval hosts [[NASCAR]] races.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.homesteadmiamispeedway.com/track-history/|title=Track History and Records|website=homestead Miami speedway.com|access-date=March 9, 2022}}</ref>
The Heat and the Marlins play within Miami's city limits, at the [[FTX Arena]] in [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[LoanDepot Park]] in [[Little Havana]], respectively. Marlins Park is built on the site of the old [[Miami Orange Bowl]] stadium.
The [[Miami Dolphins]] play at [[Hard Rock Stadium]] in suburban [[Miami Gardens, Florida|Miami Gardens]], while the [[Florida Panthers]] play in nearby [[Sunrise, Florida|Sunrise]] at the [[FLA Live Arena]]. [[Inter Miami CF]] plays at [[DRV PNK Stadium]] in nearby [[Fort Lauderdale, Florida|Fort Lauderdale]], temporarily until a stadium is built in Miami.
The [[Orange Bowl]], one of the major bowl games in the [[College Football Playoff]] of the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]], is played at Hard Rock Stadium every winter. The stadium has also hosted the [[Super Bowl]]; the Miami metro area has hosted the game a total of ten times (five times at the current Hard Rock Stadium and five at the [[Miami Orange Bowl]]), tying New Orleans for the most games.
Miami is also the home of many college sports teams. The two largest are the [[University of Miami]] [[Miami Hurricanes|Hurricanes]], whose [[Miami Hurricanes football|football team]] plays at [[Hard Rock Stadium]] and [[Florida International University]] [[FIU Panthers|Panthers]], whose [[FIU Panthers football|football team]] plays at [[Riccardo Silva Stadium|Ricardo Silva Stadium]]. The Hurricanes compete in the [[Atlantic Coast Conference]] (ACC), while the Panthers compete in the [[Conference USA]] of the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]].
Miami is also home to [[Paso Fino]] horses, and competitions are held at Tropical Park Equestrian Center.
The following table (below) shows the major professional in the Miami metro area:
{|class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto; width:100%;"
|+ '''Miami major league professional sports teams'''
|-
!Club
!Sport
!Miami Area since
!League
!Venue
!League Championships
|-
|[[Miami Dolphins]]
|[[American football]]
|1965
|[[National Football League]]
|[[Hard Rock Stadium]]
|[[1972 NFL season|1972]] ([[Super Bowl VII|VII]]), [[1973 NFL season|1973]] ([[Super Bowl VIII|VIII]])
|-
|[[Florida Panthers]]
|[[Ice hockey]]
|1993
|[[National Hockey League]]
|[[FLA Live Arena]]
|
|-
|[[Miami Heat]]
|[[Basketball]]
|1988
|[[National Basketball Association]]
|[[FTX Arena]]
|[[2006 NBA Finals|2006]], [[2012 NBA Finals|2012]], [[2013 NBA Finals|2013]]
|-
|[[Miami Marlins]]
|[[Baseball]]
|1993
|[[Major League Baseball]]
|[[LoanDepot Park]]
|[[1997 World Series|1997]], [[2003 World Series|2003]]
|-
|[[Inter Miami CF]]
|[[Association football|Soccer]]
|2018
|[[Major League Soccer]]
|[[DRV PNK Stadium]]
|
|}
==Beaches and parks==
[[File:Bayfront Park - panoramio (5).jpg|thumb|Bayfront Park]]
The City of Miami has various lands operated by the [[National Park Service]], the Florida Division of Recreation and Parks, and the City of Miami Department of Parks and Recreation.
Miami's tropical weather allows for year-round outdoor activities. The city has numerous marinas, rivers, bays, canals, and the [[Atlantic Ocean]], which make boating, sailing, and fishing popular outdoor activities. Biscayne Bay has numerous [[coral reef]]s that make [[snorkeling]] and [[scuba diving]] popular. There are over 80 parks and gardens in the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamigov.com/cms/parks/15_16.asp |title=Miami parks |publisher=Miamigov.com |access-date=June 27, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820083309/http://www.miamigov.com/cms/parks/15_16.asp |archive-date=August 20, 2008}}</ref> The largest and most popular parks are [[Bayfront Park]] and [[Museum Park (Miami)|Museum Park]] (located in the heart of [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and the location of the [[FTX Arena]] and [[Bayside Marketplace]]), [[Tropical Park]], [[Peacock Park]], [[Virginia Key]], and [[Watson Island]].
Other popular cultural destinations in or near Miami include [[Zoo Miami]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.zoomiami.org/about-the-zoo|title=About Zoo Miami|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> [[Jungle Island]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jungleisland.com/|title=Jungle Island Homepage|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> the [[Miami Seaquarium]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.miamiseaquarium.com/plan-a-visit/about-miami-seaquarium|title=About Miami Seaquarium|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> [[Monkey Jungle]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.monkeyjungle.com/|title=Monkey Jungle homepage|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> [[Coral Castle]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://coralcastle.com/museum-info/|title=Coral Castle Museum Info|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> [[Charles Deering Estate]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deeringestate.org/history/|title=Deering Estate history|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> [[Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden]], and [[Key Biscayne]].
In its 2020 ParkScore ranking, [[The Trust for Public Land]] reported that the park system in the City of Miami was the 64th best park system among the 100 most populous US cities,<ref>[https://parkscore.tpl.org/rankings_advanced.php "ParkScore 2018: Ranking Analysis"]. ''parkscore.tpl.org''. The Trust for Public Land. Retrieved November 8, 2018.</ref> down slightly from 48th place in the 2017 ranking.<ref>[https://parkscore.tpl.org/historic/2017_ParkScoreRank.pdf "ParkScore Rankings 2017"]. ''parkscore.tpl.org''. The Trust for Public Land. Retrieved November 8, 2018.</ref> The City of Miami was analyzed to have a median park size of 2.6 acres, park land as percent of city area of 6.5%, 87% of residents living within a 10-minute walk of a park, $48.39 spending per capita of park services, and 1.3 playgrounds per 10,000 residents.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://parkserve.tpl.org/mapping/pdfs/Miami,%20FL.pdf |title=2021 Parkscore index: Access |publisher=The Trust for Public Land |access-date=August 3, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
==Law and government==
{{Main|Government of the City of Miami}}
The government of the City of Miami uses the [[Mayor-council government|mayor-commissioner]] type of system. The city commission consists of five commissioners that are elected from single member districts. The city commission constitutes the governing body with powers to pass ordinances, adopt regulations, and exercise all powers conferred upon the city in the city charter. The mayor is elected at large and appoints a city manager. The City of Miami is governed by Mayor [[Francis X. Suarez]] and 5 city commissioners that oversee the five districts in the city. The commission's regular meetings are held at [[Miami City Hall]], which is located at 3500 Pan American Drive on [[Dinner Key]] in the neighborhood of [[Coconut Grove, Miami, Florida|Coconut Grove]]. In the [[United States House of Representatives]], Miami is represented by [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Maria Elvira Salazar]] and [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] [[Frederica Wilson]].
[[File:Miami FL Pan Am Bldg city hall02.jpg|thumb|Miami City Hall at [[Dinner Key]] in [[Coconut Grove]]. The city's primary administrative offices are held here.]]
===City Commission===
{{See also|List of mayors of Miami}}
# '''[[Francis X. Suarez]] – Mayor of the City of Miami'''
# '''[[Alex Diaz de la Portilla]] – Miami Commissioner, District 1'''
::[[Allapattah]] and [[Grapeland Heights]]
* '''Ken Russell – Miami Commissioner, District 2'''
::[[Arts & Entertainment District]], [[Brickell]], [[Coconut Grove]], [[Coral Way]], [[Downtown Miami]], [[Edgewater (Miami)|Edgewater]], [[Midtown Miami]], [[Park West (Miami)|Park West]] and the South part [[Upper Eastside]]
* '''[[Joe Carollo]] – Miami Commissioner, District 3'''
::[[Coral Way]], [[Little Havana]] and [[The Roads]]
* '''Manolo Reyes – Miami Commissioner, District 4'''
::[[Coral Way]], [[Flagami]] and [[West Flagler]]
* '''Jeffrey Watson – Miami Commissioner, District 5'''
::[[Buena Vista (Miami)|Buena Vista]], [[Miami Design District|Design District]], [[Liberty City (Miami)|Liberty City]], [[Little Haiti]], [[Little River (Miami)|Little River]], [[Lummus Park Historic District|Lummus Park]], [[Overtown (Miami)|Overtown]], [[Spring Garden (Miami)|Spring Garden]] and [[Wynwood]] and northern part of the [[Upper Eastside]]
* '''Arthur Noriega – City Manager'''
* '''Victoria Méndez – City Attorney'''
* '''Todd B. Hannon – City Clerk'''
==Education==
===Colleges and universities===
[[File:Florida International University.jpg|thumb|[[Florida International University]], with its main campus in nearby [[University Park, Florida|University Park]], is the largest university in [[South Florida]] and the fourth largest university by enrollment size in the [[United States]]. It is also one of Florida's primary research universities.]]
[[File:University of Miami Otto G. Richter Library.jpg|thumb|right|Founded in 1925, the [[University of Miami]] is in nearby [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]]. It is one of the top ranked institutions of higher education in the United States.]]
Miami-Dade County has over 200,000 students enrolled in local colleges and universities, placing it seventh in the nation in per capita university enrollment. In 2010, the city's four largest colleges and universities (MDC, FIU, UM, and Barry) graduated 28,000 students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2012/04/02/2728287/jobs-education-and-miami-dades.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120908025159/http://www.miamiherald.com/2012/04/02/2728287/jobs-education-and-miami-dades.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 8, 2012 |title=Jobs, education and Miami-Dades future |work=The Miami Herald |access-date=April 3, 2012}}</ref>
Miami is also home to both for-profit and nonprofit organizations that offer a range of professional training and other, related educational programs. [[Per Scholas|''Per'' Scholas]], for example is a nonprofit organization that offers free professional certification training directed towards successfully passing [[CompTIA]] A+ and Network+ certification exams as a route to securing jobs and building careers.<ref>{{cite news
|title = Helping Veterans Find Civilian Jobs
|url =https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/11/giving/11VETS.html
|work=The New York Times
|first=Elizabeth
|last=Olson
|date = November 10, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|title=Training Workers for Good Jobs
|url=http://www.perscholas.org/articles/News%20NYT.pdf
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820024613/http://perscholas.org/articles/News%20NYT.pdf
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=August 20, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|title=Building a Career Path Where There Was Just a Dead End
|url=http://www.perscholas.org/articles/Building-a-Career-Path.pdf
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720181355/http://www.perscholas.org/articles/Building-a-Career-Path.pdf
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=July 20, 2008
}}</ref>
Colleges and universities in and around Miami:
# [[Barry University]] (private)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.barry.edu/en/about-barry|title=Why Barry? – Barry University|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref>
# [[Broward College]] (public)
# [[Carlos Albizu University]] (private)
# [[Florida Atlantic University]] (public)
# [[Florida International University]] (public)
# [[Florida Memorial University]] (private)
# [[Keiser University]] (private)
# [[Manchester Business School]] (satellite location, UK public)
# [[Miami Culinary Institute]] (public)
# [[Miami Dade College]] (public)
# [[Miami International University of Art & Design]] (private)
# [[Nova Southeastern University]] (private)
# [[Palm Beach State College]] (public)
# [[St. Thomas University (Florida)|St. Thomas University]] (private)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stu.edu/about-stu/|title=About St. Thomas University|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref>
# [[Southeastern College]] (private)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sec.edu/about/|title=History and Mission of Southeastern College|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref>
# [[Talmudic University]] (private)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://talmudicu.edu/about/|title=About the Yeshiva|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref>
# [[University of Miami]] (private)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://welcome.miami.edu/about-um/index.html|title=About UM – University of Miami|website=miami.edu|access-date=February 26, 2022}}</ref>
===Primary and secondary schools===
{{Main|Miami-Dade County Public Schools}}
[[File:Miami Senior High School July 2013.jpg|thumb|300px|right|[[Miami Senior High School]], founded in 1903, is Miami's first high school]]
Public schools in Miami are governed by [[Miami-Dade County Public Schools]], which is the largest school district in Florida and the fourth-largest in the United States. As of September 2008 it has a student enrollment of 385,655 and over 392 schools and centers. The district is also the largest minority public school system in the country, with 60% of its students being of Hispanic origin, 28% [[African American|Black]] or [[West Indian American]], 10% [[White American|White (non-Hispanic)]] and 2% non-white of other minorities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.broadprize.org/2007Miami-DadeBrief.pdf|title=Miami-Dade County Public Schools|publisher=The Broad Foundation|access-date=April 18, 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080413172813/http://www.broadprize.org/2007Miami-DadeBrief.pdf <!-- Bot retrieved archive -->|archive-date = April 13, 2008}}</ref>
Miami is home to some of the nation's best high schools, such as [[Design and Architecture High School]], ranked the nation's best [[magnet school]], [[MAST Academy]], [[Coral Reef High School]], ranked 20th-best public high school in the U.S., [[Miami Palmetto High School]], and the [[New World School of the Arts]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.usnews.com/articles/education/high-schools/2007/11/29/gold-medal-schools.html |title=Gold Medal Schools|magazine=[[US News and World Report]]|access-date=April 18, 2008|date=November 12, 2007}}</ref> M-DCPS is also one of a few public school districts in the United States to offer optional [[bilingual education]] in Spanish, French, German, [[Haitian Creole]], and [[Standard Chinese|Mandarin Chinese]].
Miami is home to several well-known Roman Catholic, Jewish and non-denominational private schools. The [[Archdiocese of Miami]] operates the city's Catholic private schools, which include St. Hugh Catholic School, St. Agatha Catholic School, [[St. Theresa School (Coral Gables, Florida)|St. Theresa School]], [[Immaculata-Lasalle High School]], [[Monsignor Edward Pace High School]], [[Archbishop Curley-Notre Dame High School]], [[St. Brendan High School]], among numerous other Catholic elementary and high schools.
Catholic preparatory schools operated by religious orders are [[Belen Jesuit Preparatory School]] and [[Christopher Columbus High School (Miami, Florida)|Christopher Columbus High School]] for boys and [[Carrollton School of the Sacred Heart]] and [[Our Lady of Lourdes Academy]] for girls.
Non-denominational private schools in Miami are [[Ransom Everglades School|Ransom Everglades]], [[Gulliver Preparatory School]], and [[Miami Country Day School]]. Other schools in the area include [[Samuel Scheck Hillel Community Day School]], [[Dade Christian School]], [[Palmer Trinity School]], [[Westminster Christian School (Florida)|Westminster Christian School]], and [[Riviera Schools]].
===Supplementary education===
The [[Miami Hoshuko]], is a [[hoshuko|part-time Japanese school]] for Japanese citizens and ethnic Japanese people in the area. Previously it was located on [[Virginia Key]], at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ortega|first=Cristina M.|title=Lessons to bridge cultural differences|newspaper=[[Miami Herald]]|place=[[Miami, Florida]]|date=1997-02-16|pages=1, 18-19}} - [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94336390/ Clipping of first] and [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94336404/ of second and third pages] from [[Newspapers.com]].</ref> Currently the school holds classes in [[Westchester, Florida|Westchester]] and has offices in [[Doral, Florida|Doral]].<ref name=Miamihoshu>"[http://www.miamihoshuko.org/ ホーム]" ("Home"). Miami Hoshuko. Retrieved on April 30, 2014. "借用校・校舎 Iglesia Bautisita de Coral Park 8755 SW 16 Street Miami, FL. 33165" and "補習校事務所 Miami Hoshuko, INC. 3403 NW 82 Ave, Suite 340 Miami, FL. 33122" - Compare to: [http://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/dc10map/GUBlock/st12_fl/place/p1276075_westchester/DC10BLK_P1276075_001.pdf Westchester map] and [https://www.cityofdoral.com/_entity/sharepointdocumentlocation/5d346b1f-9372-ea11-a811-001dd8018866?file=attachment-city-of-doral-stormwater-vulnerability-study.pdf Doral map on page 4/47 of this document]</ref>
==Media==
{{main|Media in Miami}}
{{see also|List of newspapers in Florida|List of radio stations in Florida|List of television stations in Florida}}
[[File:Miami Herald building.jpg|thumb|Former headquarters of the ''[[Miami Herald]]'']]
Miami has one of the largest television markets in the nation and the second largest in the state of Florida after [[Tampa Bay area|Tampa Bay]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf|title=Local Television Market Universe Estimates|publisher=nielsen|access-date=January 6, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110317170600/http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf|archive-date=March 17, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Miami has several major newspapers, the main and largest newspaper being ''[[The Miami Herald]]''. ''[[El Nuevo Herald]]'' is the major and largest Spanish-language newspaper. ''The Miami Herald'' and ''El Nuevo Herald'' are Miami's and South Florida's main, major and largest newspapers. The papers left their longtime home in downtown Miami in 2013. The newspapers are now headquartered at the former home of [[U.S. Southern Command]] in [[Doral, Florida|Doral]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://miami.cbslocal.com/2013/05/16/its-moving-day-for-miami-herald-staff-reporters/ | publisher=CBSMiami |title=It's Moving Day for Miami Herald Staff, Reporters | date=May 16, 2013 | access-date=July 28, 2013}}</ref>
Other major newspapers include ''[[Miami Today]]'', headquartered in Brickell, ''[[Miami New Times]]'', headquartered in [[Midtown Miami|Midtown]], ''Miami Sun Post'', ''[[South Florida Business Journal]]'', ''Miami Times'', and ''Biscayne Boulevard Times''. An additional Spanish-language newspapers, ''Diario Las Americas'' also serve Miami. ''The Miami Herald'' is Miami's primary newspaper with over a million readers and is headquartered in Downtown in Herald Plaza. Several other student newspapers from the local universities, such as the oldest, the [[University of Miami]]'s ''[[The Miami Hurricane]]'', [[Florida International University]]'s ''[[The Beacon (Florida International University)|The Beacon]]'', [[Miami-Dade College]]'s ''The Metropolis'', [[Barry University]]'s ''The Buccaneer'', amongst others. Many neighborhoods and neighboring areas also have their own local newspapers such as the ''Aventura News'', ''Coral Gables Tribune'', ''Biscayne Bay Tribune'', and the ''Palmetto Bay News''.
A number of magazines circulate throughout the greater Miami area, including ''[[Miami Monthly]]'', Southeast Florida's only city/regional; ''Ocean Drive'', a hot-spot social scene glossy; and ''South Florida Business Leader.''
Miami is also the headquarters and main production city of many of the world's largest television networks, [[record label]] companies, broadcasting companies and production facilities, such as [[Telemundo]], [[Univision]], [[Univision Communications]], [[Mega TV (American TV network)|Mega TV]], [[Universal Music Latin Entertainment]], [[RCTV International]] and [[Sunbeam Television]]. In 2009, Univision announced plans to build a new production studio in Miami, dubbed Univision Studios. Univision Studios is currently headquartered in Miami, and will produce programming for all of Univision Communications' television networks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/home/permalink/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20091207005550&newsLang=en|title=Univision Announces Launch of Univision Studios|publisher=Business Wire|date=December 7, 2009|access-date=October 30, 2010}}</ref>
Miami is the twelfth largest radio market<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/#radio |title=Top 50 Radio Markets Ranked By Metro 12+ Population, Spring 2005 |publisher=Northwestern University Media Management Center |access-date=April 20, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080419055254/http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/ |archive-date=April 19, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the seventeenth largest television market<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/#tv |title=Top 50 TV markets ranked by households |publisher=Northwestern University Media Management Center |access-date=April 20, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080419055254/http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/ |archive-date=April 19, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> in the United States. Television stations serving the Miami area include [[WAMI-TV|WAMI]] ([[UniMás]]), [[WBFS-TV|WBFS]] ([[MyNetworkTV]]), [[WSFL-TV|WSFL]] ([[The CW]]), [[WFOR-TV|WFOR]] ([[CBS]] [[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]]), [[WHFT]] ([[Trinity Broadcasting Network|TBN]]), [[WLTV]] ([[Univision]]), [[WPLG]] ([[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]), [[WPXM]] ([[i television network|Ion]]), [[WSCV]] ([[Telemundo]]), [[WSVN]] ([[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]]), [[WTVJ]] ([[NBC]] O&O), [[WPBT]] ([[PBS]]), and [[WLRN-TV|WLRN]] (also PBS).
==Transportation==
{{Main|Transportation in South Florida}}
According to the 2016 [[American Community Survey]], 72.3% of working city of Miami residents commuted by driving alone, 8.7% carpooled, 9% used public transportation, and 3.7% walked. About 1.8% used all other forms of transportation, including taxicab, motorcycle, and bicycle. About 4.5% of working city of Miami residents worked at home.<ref name = transittable>{{cite web|publisher=Census Reporter|title= Means of Transportation to Work by Age|url=https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B08101&geo_ids=16000US1245000&primary_geo_id=16000US1245000 |url-status=dead|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20180519033026/https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B08101&geo_ids=16000US1245000&primary_geo_id=16000US1245000 |archive-date = May 19, 2018}}</ref> In 2015, 19.9% of city of Miami households were without a car, which decreased to 18.6% in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Miami averaged 1.24 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8 per household.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Car Ownership in U.S. Cities Data and Map|journal=Governing|date=December 9, 2014|url=http://www.governing.com/gov-data/car-ownership-numbers-of-vehicles-by-city-map.html|access-date=May 18, 2018}}</ref>
===Expressways and roads===
[[File:Venetian Causeway South Beach.jpg|upright=2|thumb|The [[Venetian Causeway]] (left) and [[MacArthur Causeway]] (right) connect [[Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[South Beach]], [[Miami Beach]].]]
[[File:A306, Skyline at twilight, Miami, Florida, USA, 2010.JPG|thumb|[[Florida State Road 886|State Road 886]] (Port Boulevard) connects downtown and [[PortMiami]] by bridge over [[Biscayne Bay]].]]
Miami's road system is based along the numerical Miami grid where [[Flagler Street]] forms the east–west [[Baseline (surveying)|baseline]] and [[Miami Avenue]] forms the north–south [[Meridian (geography)|meridian]]. The corner of Flagler Street and Miami Avenue is in the middle of Downtown in front of the Downtown [[Macy's]] (formerly the [[Burdine's]] headquarters). The Miami grid is primarily numerical so that, for example, all street addresses north of Flagler Street and west of Miami Avenue have "NW" in their address. Because its point of origin is in Downtown, which is close to the coast, the "NW" and "SW" quadrants are much larger than the "SE" and "NE" quadrants. Many roads, especially major ones, are also named (e.g., [[Tamiami Trail|Tamiami Trail/SW 8th St]]), although, with exceptions, the number is in more common usage among locals.
With few exceptions, within this grid north–south roads are designated as Courts, Roads, Avenues or Places (often remembered by their acronym), while east–west roads are Streets, Terraces, Drives or occasionally Ways. Major roads in each direction are located at one mile intervals. There are 16 [[City block|blocks]] to each mile on north–south avenues, and 10 blocks to each mile on east–west streets. Major north–south avenues generally end in "7" – e.g., 17th, 27th, 37th/Douglas Aves., 57th/Red Rd., 67th/Ludlam, 87th/Galloway, etc., all the way west beyond 177th/Krome Avenue. (One prominent exception is 42nd Avenue, LeJeune Road, located at the half-mile point instead.) Major east–west streets to the south of downtown are multiples of 16, though the beginning point of this system is at SW 8th St, one half mile south of Flagler ("zeroth") Street. Thus, major streets are at 8th St., 24th St./Coral Way, 40th St./Bird, 56th/Miller, 72nd/ Sunset, 88th/N. Kendall, 104th (originally S. Kendall), 120th/Montgomery, 136th/Howard, 152nd/Coral Reef, 168th/Richmond, 184th/Eureka, 200th/Quail Roost, 216th/Hainlin Mill, 232nd/Silver Palm, 248th/Coconut Palm, etc., well into the 300s. Within the grid, odd-numbered addresses are generally on the north or east side, and even-numbered addresses are on the south or west side.
All streets and avenues in [[Miami-Dade County]] follow the Miami grid, with a few exceptions, most notably in [[Coral Gables]], [[Hialeah]], Coconut Grove and [[Miami Beach]]. One neighborhood, [[The Roads]], is named as such because its streets run off the Miami grid at a 45-degree angle, and therefore are all named roads.
[[Miami-Dade County]] is served by four Interstate Highways ([[Interstate 75 (Florida)|I-75]], [[Interstate 95 in Florida|I-95]], [[Interstate 195 (Florida)|I-195]], [[Interstate 395 (Florida)|I-395]]) and several U.S. Highways including [[U.S. Route 1 (Florida)|U.S. Route 1]], [[U.S. Route 27 (Florida)|U.S. Route 27]], [[U.S. Route 41 (Florida)|U.S. Route 41]], and [[U.S. Route 441 (Florida)|U.S. Route 441]].
Some of the major [[Florida State Roads]] (and their common names) serving Miami are:<!--these don't all serve Miami!-->
* [[State Road 112 (Florida)|SR 112]] (Airport Expressway): [[Interstate 95 in Florida|Interstate 95]] to [[Miami International Airport|MIA]]
* [[Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike]] (SR 821): [[Florida's Turnpike]] mainline (SR 91)/[[Miami Gardens, Florida|Miami Gardens]] to [[U.S. Route 1 (Florida)|U.S. Route 1]]/[[Florida City, Florida|Florida City]]
* [[State Road 826 (Florida)|SR 826]] (Palmetto Expressway): [[Golden Glades Interchange]] to U.S. Route 1/[[Pinecrest, Florida|Pinecrest]]
* [[State Road 836 (Florida)|SR 836]] (Dolphin Expressway): Downtown to SW 137th Ave via [[Miami International Airport|MIA]]
* [[State Road 874 (Florida)|SR 874]] (Don Shula Expressway): 826/Bird Road to Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike/[[Kendall, Florida|Kendall]]
* [[State Road 878 (Florida)|SR 878]] (Snapper Creek Expressway): SR 874/[[Kendall, Florida|Kendall]] to U.S. Route 1/Pinecrest & [[South Miami, Florida|South Miami]]
* [[State Road 924 (Florida)|SR 924]] (Gratigny Parkway) [[Miami Lakes, Florida|Miami Lakes]] to [[Opa-locka, Florida|Opa-locka]]
<div style="float:right;" class="center">
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!colspan=3|Miami Causeways
|-
! Name
! Termini
! Year built
|-
|[[Rickenbacker Causeway]]
|[[Brickell]] and [[Key Biscayne, Florida|Key Biscayne]]
|1947
|-
|[[Venetian Causeway]]
|[[Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[South Beach]]
|1912–1925
|-
|[[MacArthur Causeway]]
|[[Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[South Beach]]
|1920
|-
|[[Julia Tuttle Causeway]]
|[[Wynwood, Miami, Florida|Wynwood]]/[[Edgewater, Miami, Florida|Edgewater]] and [[Miami Beach]]
|1959
|-
|[[Florida State Road 934|79th Street Causeway]]
|[[Upper Eastside, Miami, Florida|Upper East Side]] and [[North Beach (Miami Beach)|North Beach]]
|1929
|-
|[[Broad Causeway]]
|[[North Miami, Florida|North Miami]] and [[Bal Harbour, Florida|Bal Harbour]]
|1951
|}
</div>
Miami has six major [[causeway]]s that span over Biscayne Bay connecting the western mainland, with the eastern barrier islands along the Atlantic Ocean. The [[Rickenbacker Causeway]] is the southernmost causeway and connects Brickell to [[Virginia Key]] and [[Key Biscayne, Florida|Key Biscayne]]. The [[Venetian Causeway]] and [[MacArthur Causeway]] connect [[Downtown Miami|Downtown]] with [[South Beach]]. The [[Julia Tuttle Causeway]] connects [[Midtown Miami|Midtown]] and [[Miami Beach]]. The [[Florida State Road 934|79th Street Causeway]] connects the [[Upper Eastside, Miami, Florida|Upper East Side]] with [[North Beach (Miami Beach)|North Beach]]. The northernmost causeway, the [[Broad Causeway]], is the smallest of Miami's six causeways and connects [[North Miami, Florida|North Miami]] to [[Bay Harbor Islands]] and [[Bal Harbour, Florida|Bal Harbour]].
In 2007, Miami was identified as having the rudest drivers in the United States, the second year in a row to have been cited, in a poll commissioned by automobile club AutoVantage.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/lifestyleMolt/idUSL1413867020070515|title=Miami drivers named the rudest|work=Reuters|last=Reaney|first=Patricia|date=May 15, 2007|access-date=September 2, 2007}}</ref> Miami is also consistently ranked as one of the most dangerous cities in the United States for pedestrians.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/12/02/national/main658846.shtml|title=Dangerous Pedestrian Cities|agency=Associated Press|date=December 2, 2004|access-date=September 2, 2007|work=CBS News}}</ref>
===Public transportation===
{{Main|Miami-Dade Transit}}
[[File:Miami Metrorail Hitachi train 20190117.jpg|thumb|The [[Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)|Metrorail]] is the city's [[rapid transit]] system and connects the city's central core with its outlying suburbs.]]
[[File:Tri Rail 616 Opa-locka Station (8439701464).jpg|thumb|right|[[Tri-Rail]] is Miami's [[commuter rail]] that runs north–south from Miami's suburbs in [[West Palm Beach]] to [[Miami International Airport]].]]
[[Public transportation]] in Miami is operated by [[Miami-Dade Transit]] and [[South Florida Regional Transportation Authority|SFRTA]], and includes [[commuter rail]] ([[Tri-Rail]]), heavy-rail [[rapid transit]] ([[Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)|Metrorail]]), an elevated [[people mover]] ([[Metromover]]), and buses ([[Miami-Dade Transit#Metrobus|Metrobus]]). Miami has Florida's highest transit ridership as about 17% of Miamians use transit on a daily basis.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/acs/www/|title=American Community Survey|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 27, 2009}}</ref> The average Miami public transit commute on weekdays is 90 minutes, while 39% of public transit riders commute for more than 2 hours a day. The average wait time at a public transit stop or station is 18 minutes, while 37% of riders wait for more than 20 minutes on average every day. The average single trip distance with public transit is {{convert|7.46|mi|km|0|abbr=on}}, while 38% travel more than {{convert|8.08|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} in each direction.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_USA_Miami_FL-742|title=Facts and usage statistics about public transit in Miami, US|publisher=Global Public Transit Index by Moovit|access-date=June 19, 2017}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50x50px]] Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [[creativecommons:by/4.0/|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]].</ref>
Miami's heavy-rail rapid transit system, [[Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)|Metrorail]], is an elevated system comprising two lines and 23 stations on a {{convert|24.4|mi|km|adj=on}}-long line. Metrorail connects the urban western suburbs of [[Hialeah, Florida|Hialeah]], [[Medley, Florida|Medley]], and inner-city Miami with suburban [[The Roads]], [[Coconut Grove]], [[Coral Gables]], [[South Miami]] and urban [[Kendall, Florida|Kendall]] via the central business districts of [[Miami International Airport]], the [[Civic Center (Miami)|Civic Center]], and Downtown. A free, elevated [[people mover]], [[Metromover]], operates 21 stations on three different lines in greater Downtown Miami, with a station at roughly every two blocks of Downtown and Brickell. Several expansion projects are being funded by a transit development sales tax surcharge throughout Miami-Dade County.
[[Tri-Rail]], a commuter rail system operated by the [[South Florida Regional Transportation Authority]] (SFRTA), runs from [[Miami International Airport]] northward to [[West Palm Beach, Florida|West Palm Beach]], making eighteen stops throughout [[Miami-Dade County|Miami-Dade]], [[Broward County|Broward]], and [[Palm Beach County|Palm Beach]] counties.
The [[Miami Intermodal Center]] is a massive transportation hub servicing [[Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)|Metrorail]], [[Amtrak]], [[Tri-Rail]], [[Miami-Dade Transit#Metrobus|Metrobus]], [[Greyhound Lines]], [[Taxicab|taxis]], [[rental cars]], [[MIA Mover]], private automobiles, bicycles and pedestrians adjacent to Miami International Airport. Miami Intermodal Center was completed in 2010, and is serving about 150,000 commuters and travelers in the Miami area. Phase I of [[MiamiCentral]] Station was completed in 2012, and the Tri-Rail part of Phase II was completed in 2015, but the construction of the Amtrak part remains delayed.
Two new light rail systems, Baylink and the Miami Streetcar, have been proposed and are currently in the planning stage. BayLink would connect Downtown with [[South Beach]], and the Miami Streetcar would connect Downtown with [[Midtown Miami|Midtown]].
Miami is the southern terminus of [[Amtrak]]'s Atlantic Coast services, running two lines, the [[Silver Meteor]] and the [[Silver Star (Amtrak train)|Silver Star]], both terminating in New York City. The Miami Amtrak Station is located in the suburb of [[Hialeah]] near the [[Tri-Rail and Metrorail transfer station|Tri-Rail/Metrorail Station]] on NW 79 St and NW 38 Ave. Current construction of the Miami Central Station will move all Amtrak operations from its current out-of-the-way location to a centralized location with [[Miami Metrorail|Metrorail]], [[MIA Mover]], [[Tri-Rail]], [[Miami International Airport]], and the [[Miami Intermodal Center]] all within the same station closer to Downtown. The station was expected to be completed by 2012,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.micdot.com/miami_central_station.html |website=Miami Intermodal Center|title = Projects: Miami Central Station|publisher=Micdot.com|access-date=October 30, 2010}}</ref> but experienced several delays and was later expected to be completed in late 2014,<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/05/25/4137303/miami-airport-transit-hub-on-the.html |title=Miami airport transit hub on the way to bringing planes, trains, automobiles under one roof|newspaper=Miami Herald|access-date=August 28, 2014}}</ref> again pushed back to early 2015.<ref name="MICjanuary">{{cite web|url= http://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/broward/fl-tri-rail-miami-airport-20141015-story.html|title=Tri-Rail station at Miami airport delayed until January|author=Turnbell, Michael|work=Sun Sentinel|date=October 15, 2014|access-date=October 30, 2014}}</ref>
===Airports===
[[Miami International Airport]] serves as the primary international airport of the Greater Miami Area. One of the busiest international airports in the world, Miami International Airport caters to over 45 million passengers a year. The airport is a major hub and the largest international gateway for [[American Airlines]]. Miami International is the second busiest airport by passenger traffic in Florida, the United States' third-largest international port of entry for foreign air passengers behind New York's [[John F. Kennedy International Airport]] and [[Los Angeles International Airport]]. The airport's extensive international route network includes non-stop flights to over seventy international cities in North and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
Alternatively, nearby [[Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport]] also serves commercial traffic in the Miami area.<ref>"[http://www.southwest.com/travel_center/routemap.html Southwest Airlines Cities]." ''[[Southwest Airlines]]''. Retrieved October 30, 2008.</ref> [[Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport]] in [[Opa-locka, Florida|Opa-locka]] and [[Miami Executive Airport]] in an unincorporated area southwest of Miami serve general aviation traffic in the Miami area.
===Cycling and walking===
The city government under former mayor [[Manny Diaz (Florida politician)|Manny Diaz]] took an ambitious stance in support of [[bicycling]] in Miami for both recreation and commuting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/1460/story/1263994.html|title=Cycling and walking|publisher=Miami Herald|website=miamiherald.com|access-date=October 7, 2009}}</ref>
In 2010, Miami was ranked as the 44th-most bike-friendly city in the US according to ''[[Bicycling Magazine]]''.<ref>{{cite news|author=South Florida Business Journal|url=http://southflorida.bizjournals.com/southflorida/stories/2010/04/05/daily16.html|title=Miami becoming more bike friendly | South Florida Business Journal|publisher=Southflorida.bizjournals.com|date= April 6, 2010|access-date=October 30, 2010}}</ref>
A 2011 study by [[Walk Score]] ranked Miami the eighth-most walkable of the fifty largest cities in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.walkscore.com/rankings/cities/|title=2011 City and Neighborhood Rankings|publisher=Walk Score|year=2011|access-date=August 28, 2011}}</ref>
==International relations==
{{See also|List of sister cities in Florida}}
===Sister cities===
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Barranquilla]], Colombia (since 2015)<ref name="sister2">{{cite web |url=https://www.elheraldo.co/barranquilla/alcaldesa-noguera-firma-convenio-de-hermandad-con-miami-197628|title=Mayor Noguera signs a sisterhood agreement with Miami (Spanish) |publisher=El Heraldo |access-date =May 24, 2020}}</ref>
* [[Bogotá]], Colombia (since 1971)<ref name=sister>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/MIC/pages/SisterCities/default.asp |title=Mayor's International Council Sister Cities Program |publisher=City of Miami |access-date =July 13, 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070526222509/http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/MIC/pages/SisterCities/default.asp <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = May 26, 2007}}</ref>
* [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina (since 1979)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Kagoshima]], Japan (since 1990)<ref name=sister/><ref name="Kagoshima twinnings">{{cite web |url=http://www.city.kagoshima.lg.jp/_1010/shimin/7siseijouhou/7-8kouryu/7-8-1simaitosi.html |script-title=ja:姉妹・友好・兄弟都市 |trans-title= Sister cities |publisher=Kagoshima International Affairs Division |language=ja |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602195754/http://www.city.kagoshima.lg.jp/_1010/shimin/7siseijouhou/7-8kouryu/7-8-1simaitosi.html |archive-date=June 2, 2013 |access-date=August 8, 2013}}</ref>
* [[Lima]], Peru (since 1977)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Madrid]], Spain (since 2014)<ref name=sister/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2014/06/23/madrid-and-miami-sign-up-as-twin-towns/ |title=Madrid and Miami sign up as twin towns |publisher=latino foxnews |date=June 23, 2014 |access-date=July 13, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714213930/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2014/06/23/madrid-and-miami-sign-up-as-twin-towns/ | archive-date=July 14, 2014 }}</ref>
* [[Palermo]], Italy (since 1997)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sister-cities.org/sites/default/files/Miami,%20FL-Palermo,%20Italy.pdf |title=Sister Cities:Miami Florida, Palermo Italy |access-date=February 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402143701/http://sister-cities.org/sites/default/files/Miami%2C%20FL-Palermo%2C%20Italy.pdf |archive-date=April 2, 2015}}</ref>
* [[San Salvador]], El Salvador (since 1991)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Qingdao]], China (since 2005)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador da Bahia]], Brazil (since 2006)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]], Chile (since 1986)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Santo Domingo]], Dominican Republic (since 1987)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Southampton]], United Kingdom (since 2019)<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.southampton.gov.uk/news/article.aspx?id=tcm:63-412460 | title=Southampton and Miami, Florida become sister cities at ceremonial signing event | publisher=Southampton City Council |access-date=June 14, 2019}}</ref>
{{div col end}}
===Cooperation agreements===
* [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anmp.pt/anmp/pro/mun1/gem101l0.php?cod_ent=M1100 |title=Lisboa – Geminações de Cidades e Vilas |access-date=August 23, 2013 |publisher=Associação Nacional de Municípios Portugueses [National Association of Portuguese Municipalities] |language=pt|trans-title=Lisbon – Twinning of Cities and Towns}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais |title=Acordos de Geminação, de Cooperação e/ou Amizade da Cidade de Lisboa |access-date=August 23, 2013 |publisher=Camara Municipal de Lisboa |language=pt|trans-title=Lisbon – Twinning Agreements, Cooperation and Friendship |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031202617/http://www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais |archive-date=October 31, 2013}}</ref>
* [[Yeruham]], [[Israel]]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://jewishmiami.org/about/departments/israel_overseas/miami-yerucham_partnership/?mobile=1 | title=Miami-Yerucham Partnership | publisher=Greater Miami Jewish Federation |access-date=January 7, 2018}}</ref>
==See also==
* [[Architecture of Miami]]
* [[List of people from Miami]]
* [[Miami Fire-Rescue Department]]
* [[Miami Police Department]]
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami]]
* [[Port Miami Tunnel]]
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
* Elizabeth M. Aranda, Sallie Hughes, and Elena Sabogal, ''Making a Life in Multiethnic Miami: Immigration and the Rise of a Global City.'' Boulder, Colorado: Renner, 2014.
==External links==
{{Sister project links|Miami|voy=Miami}}
* [http://www.miamigov.com/ City of Miami – Official Site]
* [http://www.gmcvb.com Greater Miami Convention and Visitors Bureau]
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New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Short description|City in Florida, United States}}
{{About|the city in Florida}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Miami, Florida
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| settlement_type = [[List of municipalities in Florida|City]]
| named_for = [[Mayaimi]]
| image_skyline = Miami collage 20110330.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| image_caption = From top, left to right: [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]], [[Freedom Tower (Miami)|Freedom Tower]], [[Vizcaya Museum and Gardens|Villa Vizcaya]], [[Miami Tower]], [[Virginia Key]] Beach, [[Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts]], [[FTX Arena]], [[PortMiami]], Miami Skyline at Night
| image_flag = Flag of Miami, Florida.svg
| image_seal = Seal of Miami, Florida.svg
| image_blank_emblem =
| blank_emblem_type =
| nicknames = ''Magic City'', ''The Gateway to the Americas'', ''Capital of Latin America'',<ref name="time.com">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979733,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224184503/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979733,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 24, 2007|title=Miami: the Capital of Latin America|date=December 2, 1993|magazine=Time}}</ref> and ''Vice City''
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
| image_map = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=290|frame-height=270|frame-align=center|stroke-width=3|zoom=10|frame-lat=25.7751|frame-long=-80.2167|type=shape-inverse|stroke-color=#808080|id=Q8652|title=Miami}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|United States}}
| map_caption = Interactive map outlining Miami
| pushpin_map = Florida#USA#North America
| pushpin_relief = 1
| pushpin_mapsize = 290px
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within the state of Florida##Location within the United States##Location within North America
| pushpin_label = Miami
| pushpin_label_position = left
| coordinates = {{coord|25.775163|N|80.208615|W|region:US-FL|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 25, 2021 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2020|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |access-date=March 25, 2021 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi = 56.07
| official_name = <!-- DO NOT add to this parameter without consensus -->
| subdivision_type2 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|Florida}}
| subdivision_type3 = [[County (United States)|Constituent counties]] ([[List of counties in Florida|County]])
| subdivision_name3 = {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Miami-Dade_County,_Florida.svg}} [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[List of regions of the United States|Region]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[South Atlantic states|South Atlantic]]
| established_title = Settled
| established_date = After 1858{{efn|Bahamians were farming along the Miami River before 1830. Richard Fitzpatrick established a plantation there in 1830, but abandoned it when the [[Second Seminole War]] (1835–1843) began. The U.S. Army established [[Fort Dallas]] there in 1836, but left the fort in 1841. William English reopened Fitzpatrick's plantation after the war and sold city lots, but left the area at the end of the 1840s. The Army returned to the fort in 1849–1851, and again for the Third Seminole War (1855–1858).<ref>{{Cite web|last=George|first=Paul S.|date=1996|title=Miami: One Hundred Years of History|url=http://www.historymiami.org/fastspot/research-miami/topics/history-of-miami/index.html|access-date=May 28, 2021|website=HistoryMiami}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Shappee|first=Nathan D.|date=1961|title=Fort Dallas and the Naval Depot on Key Biscayne, 1836–1926|url=http://digitalcollections.fiu.edu/tequesta/files/1961/61_1_02.pdf|journal=Tequesta|volume=21|pages=13–40|via=Florida International University Digital Collections}}</ref>}}
| established_title1 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
| established_date1 = July 28, 1896
| established_title2 =
| government_footnotes =
| government_type = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Commission]]
| governing_body =
| founder = [[Julia Tuttle]]
| leader_title = [[List of mayors of Miami|Mayor]]
| leader_name = [[Francis X. Suarez]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]])
| total_type = Total
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_12.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 31, 2021}}</ref>
| mapsize =
| area_land_sq_mi = 36.00
| pop_est_footnotes =
| utc_offset1 = −05:00
| elevation_footnotes = <!--Miami-Dade County metro-->
| elevation_m = 1.8
| elevation_ft = 6
| elevation_max_m = 12.8
| elevation_max_ft = 42<!--Miami-Dade County metro-->
| population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 467968<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami, FL {{!}} Data USA |url=https://datausa.io/profile/geo/miami-fl/ |access-date=2022-03-15 |website=datausa.io |language=en}}</ref>
| population_rank = [[List of United States cities by population|44th]] in the United States<br>[[List of municipalities in Florida|2nd]] in Florida
| population_metro_footnotes = <ref name="2020Pop">{{cite web |title=2020 Population and Housing State Data |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=22 August 2021}}</ref>
| population_metro = 6138333 ([[List of metropolitan statistical areas|8th]])
| population_density_sq_mi = 12285.84
| population_density_km2 = 4743.63
| population_demonym = Miamian
| blank6_name = [[GDP]] (City, 2019)
| blank6_info = $151 billion<ref name="bea.gov">[https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/lagdp1220_2.pdf ''Gross Domestic Product by County, 2019''], [[Bureau of Economic Analysis]], released December 9, 2020. Accessed December 9, 2020.</ref> ([[List of US counties with GDP over 100 billion USD|14th]])
| blank7_name = [[Gross metropolitan product|GMP]] (Metro, 2020)
| blank7_info = $377.5 billion<ref>{{cite web |url=https://apps.bea.gov/itable/iTable.cfm?ReqID=70&step=1 |title=GDP and Personal Income |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis |access-date=August 3, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/183808/gmp-of-the-20-biggest-metro-areas/|title=U.S. metro areas - ranked by Gross Metropolitan Product (GMP) 2020|website=Statista}}</ref> ([[List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP|12th]])
| timezone1 = [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
| area_water_sq_mi = 20.08
| area_metro_sq_mi = 6137
| utc_offset1_DST = −04:00
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code = 33010–33299
| area_code = [[Area codes 305 and 786|305 and 786]]
| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
| blank_info = 12-45000
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info = {{GNIS 4|277593}}, {{GNIS 4|2411786}}
| blank2_name = Major airports
| blank2_info = [[Miami International Airport]]<br>[[Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport]]<br>[[Palm Beach International Airport]]
| blank4_name = [[Commuter rail]]
| blank4_info = [[Tri-Rail]], [[Brightline]]
| blank5_name = [[Rapid transit]]
| blank5_info = [[File:MDTMetro.svg|40px|link=Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)]]
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| blank1_name_sec2 =
| blank1_info_sec2 =
| blank2_name_sec2 =
| blank2_info_sec2 =
| website = [https://www.miamigov.com/Home miamigov.com]
|area_total_km2 = 145.23
|area_land_km2 = 93.23
|area_water_km2 = 52.00
|pop_est_as_of =
|population_est =
}}
'''Miami''' ({{IPAc-en|m|aɪ|ˈ|æ|m|i}}), officially the '''City of Miami''', is a [[coast|''coastal'']] metropolis located in [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]] in southeastern [[Florida]] ([[United States]]). With a population of 467,968 as of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]],<ref name="QuickFacts">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: Miami city, Florida |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/miamicityflorida/PST045219 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=20 August 2021}}</ref> it is the [[List of municipalities in Florida|second-most populous city in Florida]], eleventh-most populous city in the [[Southeastern United States|Southeast]], and [[List of United States cities by population|44th-most populous city in the United States]]. Miami is the core of the nation's [[Miami metropolitan area|eighth-largest metropolitan area]] with 6,138,333 people.<ref name="2020Pop" /> The city has the [[List of tallest buildings in the United States#Cities with the most skyscrapers|third-largest skyline]] in the U.S. with over [[List of tallest buildings in Miami|300 high-rises]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/us-cities-with-the-most-skyscrapers.html|title=US Cities With the Most Skyscrapers|website=WorldAtlas|date=February 6, 2018|language=en|access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref> 58 of which exceed {{cvt|491|ft|0}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/quick-lists#q=&page=1&type=building&status=COM&status=UCT&status=STO&min_year=0&max_year=9999®ion=0&country=0&city=1632 |title=The Skyscraper Center: Buildings in Miami |website=skyscrapercenter.com |publisher=[[Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat|CTBUH]] |language=en |access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref>
Miami is a major center and leader in finance, commerce, culture, arts, and international trade.<ref name=GAWC>{{cite web|url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html|title=The World According to GaWC 2008|publisher=Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network, [[Loughborough University]]|access-date=March 3, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html |title=Inventory of World Cities |publisher=Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Study Group and Network |access-date=December 1, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014191556/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html |archive-date=October 14, 2013}}</ref> The metro area is by far the largest urban economy in Florida and the 12th largest in the United States, with a GDP of $344.9 billion as of 2017.<ref name="bea.gov1">{{cite web|url=https://www.bea.gov/system/files/2018-09/gdp_metro0918_0.pdf|title=Gross Domestic Product by Metropolitan Area, 2017|publisher=Bea.gov|access-date=October 23, 2018}}</ref> In 2020, Miami was classified as a [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network|Beta + level]] [[global city]] by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network|GaWC]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The World According to GaWC 2020 |url=https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html |website=GaWC - Research Network |publisher=Globalization and World Cities |access-date=August 31, 2020}}</ref> In 2019, Miami ranked seventh in the United States and 31st among global cities in business activity, human capital, information exchange, cultural experience, and political engagement.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.atkearney.com/documents/20152/2794549/A+Question+of+Talent%E2%80%942019+Global+Cities+Report.pdf/106f30b1-83db-25b3-2802-fa04343a36e4?t=1559144999157|title=2019 Global Cities Report|website=ATKearney}}</ref> According to a 2018 [[UBS]] study of 77 world cities, the city was ranked as the third-richest in the world and the second-richest in the United States in [[purchasing power]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citymayors.com/economics/richest-cities-world.html|title=City Mayors: Richest cities in the world|website=www.citymayors.com|access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref> Miami is one of the largest [[Majority minority in the United States|majority-minority]] cities in the United States and [[List of U.S. cities with large Hispanic populations|the fourth-largest majority-Hispanic city]] in the United States, with 70.2% of its population being Hispanic in 2020.<ref name="2020Hispanic">{{cite web |title=P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=P2%3A%20HISPANIC%20OR%20LATINO,%20AND%20NOT%20HISPANIC%20OR%20LATINO%20BY%20RACE&g=0100000US%24160000_0400000US72%240500000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2&hidePreview=true |website=2020 Census |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=10 October 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
[[Greater Downtown Miami]] has one of the largest concentrations of international banks in the United States, and is home to many large national and international companies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottbeyer/2015/05/07/welcome-to-brickell-miamis-wall-street-south/|title=Welcome To Brickell, Miami's "Wall Street South"|last=Beyer|first=Scott|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref> The [[Health District (Miami)|Health District]], home to [[Jackson Memorial Hospital]] and the [[Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine]] at the [[University of Miami]] and others, is a major center for hospitals, clinics, and the [[biotechnology]] and [[medical research]] industries. [[PortMiami]] is the busiest [[Cruise ship|cruise]] port in the world in both passenger traffic and cruise lines, and refers to itself as the "Cruise Capital of the World".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.miamidade.gov/portmiami/library/2017-cruise-guide.pdf|title=PortMiami 2017 Cruise Guide}}</ref> Miami is also a major tourism hub for international visitors, ranking second in the country after [[New York City]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Miami Is The Second Most Popular Destination For International Visitors (And Growing Fast)|url=http://www.thenextmiami.com/miami-is-the-second-most-popular-destination-for-international-visitors-and-growing-fast/|publisher=TheNextMiami.com|access-date=November 5, 2016}}</ref> Miami has been called the Gateway to [[Latin America]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 2017|title=Florida: Gateway to Latin America and the Caribbean|url=https://www.enterpriseflorida.com/wp-content/uploads/brief-florida-gateway-latin-america-caribbean.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707195916/https://www.enterpriseflorida.com/wp-content/uploads/brief-florida-gateway-latin-america-caribbean.pdf|archive-date=7 July 2021|access-date=29 November 2021}}</ref>
==Toponymy==
Miami was named in 1896 after the [[Miami River (Florida)|Miami River]], derived from [[Mayaimi]], the historic name of [[Lake Okeechobee]] and the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] who lived around it.<ref>{{cite web| title= Name Origins of Florida – City Name Origins I-P|website= FLHeritage.com| url=http://www.flheritage.com/facts/reports/names/city2.cfm|publisher=Florida Department of State|access-date=December 17, 2013}}</ref>
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==Geography==
Miami and its suburbs are located on a broad plain between the [[Everglades]] to the west and [[Biscayne Bay]] to the east, which extends from [[Lake Okeechobee]] southward to [[Florida Bay]]. The elevation of the area averages at around {{convert|6|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/caption_direct.jsp?photoId=STS062-85-026 |title=Miami, Florida metropolitan area as seen from STS-62 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |access-date=August 19, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201191110/http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/caption_direct.jsp?photoId=STS062-85-026 |archive-date=December 1, 2007}}</ref> above sea level in most neighborhoods, especially near the coast. The highest points are found along the [[Miami Rock Ridge]], which lies under most of the eastern Miami metro. The main portion of the city is on the shores of Biscayne Bay, which contains several hundred natural and artificial [[barrier island]]s, the largest of which contains [[Miami Beach, Florida|Miami Beach]] and [[South Beach]]. The [[Gulf Stream]], a warm [[ocean current]], runs northward just {{convert|15|mi|km}} off the coast, allowing the city's climate to stay warm and mild all year.
===Geology===
[[File:Miamihighpoint.jpg|thumb|left|View from one of the higher points in Miami, west of downtown. The highest natural point in the city of Miami is in [[Coconut Grove]], near the bay, along the [[Miami Rock Ridge]] at {{convert|24|ft|m}} [[Metres above sea level|above sea level]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.fiu.edu/~whitmand/Courses/Fl_geo_notes.html|title=Notes on the geology and Water Resources of South Florida|author=Dean Whitman|date=September 1997|work=Notes on Florida Geology|publisher=[[Florida International University]]|access-date=January 11, 2011}}</ref>]]
The surface bedrock under the Miami area is called [[Miami oolite]] or Miami limestone. This bedrock is covered by a thin layer of soil, and is no more than {{convert|50|ft|m}} thick. Miami limestone formed as the result of the drastic changes in sea level associated with recent [[glacial period]]s, or [[ice age]]s. Beginning some 130,000 years ago, the [[Sangamonian|Sangamonian Stage]] raised sea levels to approximately {{convert|25|ft|m|0}} above the current level. All of southern Florida was covered by a shallow sea. Several parallel lines of reef formed along the edge of the submerged Florida [[plateau]], stretching from the present Miami area to what is now the [[Dry Tortugas]]. The area behind this reef line was, in fact, a large lagoon, and the Miami limestone formed throughout the area from the deposition of oolites and the shells of [[bryozoans]]. Starting about 100,000 years ago, the [[Wisconsin glaciation]] began lowering sea levels, exposing the floor of the lagoon. By 15,000 years ago, the sea level had dropped {{convert|300|to|350|ft|m|-1}} below the current level. The sea level rose quickly after that, stabilizing at the current level about 4,000 years ago, leaving the [[mainland]] of South Florida just [[Above mean sea level|above sea level]].<ref name="geology">{{cite web|title=Miami Geology|url=http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Miami_Geology.html|website=miami-americabeach.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314102309/http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Miami_Geology.html|archive-date=March 14, 2017|access-date=April 3, 2019}}</ref>
Beneath the plain lies the [[Biscayne Aquifer]], a natural underground source of fresh water that extends from southern [[Palm Beach County, Florida|Palm Beach County]] to [[Florida Bay]]. It comes closest to the surface around the cities of [[Miami Springs, Florida|Miami Springs]] and [[Hialeah, Florida|Hialeah]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://capp.water.usgs.gov/gwa/ch_g/G-text4.html|title=USGS Ground Water Atlas of the United States|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|access-date=February 19, 2006}}</ref> Most of the [[Miami metropolitan area]] obtains its drinking water from the Biscayne Aquifer. As a result of the aquifer, it is not possible to dig more than {{convert|15|to|20|ft|m|abbr=on|0}} beneath the city without hitting water, which impedes underground construction, though some [[Underground parking in South Florida|underground parking garages]] exist. For this reason, the [[rapid transit|mass transit]] systems in and around Miami are elevated or [[land grading|at-grade]].<ref name="geology"/>
Most of the western fringes of the city border the [[Everglades]], a tropical marshland covering most of the southern portion of Florida. [[American alligator|Alligators]] that live in the marshes have ventured into Miami communities and onto major highways.<ref name="geology"/>
===Cityscape===
{{See also|List of tallest buildings in Miami}}
{{Wide image|Downtown Miami Panorama from the Rusty Pelican photo D Ramey Logan.jpg|1030px|Downtown Miami seen from the Rusty Pelican restaurant on [[Virginia Key]]}}
{{Wide image|Downtown Miami, Miami, FL, USA - panoramio (15).jpg|1030px|Northern [[Downtown Miami]] overlooking [[Interstate 95]]}}
{{Wide image|DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg|1030px|Downtown as seen from the Port of Miami}}
====Neighborhoods====
{{Main|Neighborhoods in Miami}}{{stack|float=right|
[[File:Old U.S. Post Office and Courthouse (Miami, Florida).jpg|thumb|The [[Downtown Miami Historic District]] is the city's largest [[historic district]], with buildings ranging from 1896 to 1939 in the heart of [[Downtown Miami|Downtown]].]]
[[File:Miami neighborhoodsmap.png|thumb|Map of Miami neighborhoods]]
}}
Miami is split roughly into north, south, west, and Downtown areas. The heart of the city is [[Downtown Miami]], which is on the eastern side and includes the neighborhoods of [[Brickell]], [[Virginia Key]], [[Watson Island]], as well as [[PortMiami]]. Downtown Miami is Florida's largest and most influential central business district, with many major banks, courthouses, financial headquarters, cultural and tourist attractions, schools, parks, and a large residential population. [[Brickell Avenue]] has the largest concentration of international banks in the United States. Just northwest of Downtown is the [[Health District (Miami)|Health District]], which is Miami's center for hospitals, [[research institute]]s and [[biotechnology]], with hospitals such as [[Jackson Memorial Hospital]], [[Bascom Palmer Eye Institute]], and the [[University of Miami]]'s [[Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine]].<ref name="neighborhoods">{{cite web|title=Neighborhoods in Miami|url=http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Neighborhoods_in_Miami.html|website=miami-americabeach.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314095512/http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Neighborhoods_in_Miami.html|archive-date=March 14, 2017|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>
The southern side of Miami includes the neighborhoods of [[Coral Way]], [[The Roads]], and [[Coconut Grove]]. Coral Way is a historic residential neighborhood built in 1922 between Downtown and [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]], and is home to many old homes and tree-lined streets. Coconut Grove, established in 1825, is a historic neighborhood with narrow, winding roads and a heavy tree canopy.<ref name="neighborhoods" /><ref>{{cite web |last=Gazaleh|first=Mark|title=Coconut Grove – West Grove tree canopy variations over time|date=May 2016|url=https://www.academia.edu/26538827|language=en}}</ref> It is the location of Miami's City Hall at [[Dinner Key]], the former [[Coconut Grove Playhouse]], [[CocoWalk]], and the [[Coconut Grove Convention Center]]. It is also home to many [[nightclub]]s, bars, restaurants, and [[Bohemianism|bohemian]] shops, which makes it very popular with local [[college student]]s. Coconut Grove is known for its many parks and gardens, such as [[Vizcaya Museum and Gardens|Vizcaya Museum]], [[The Kampong]], [[The Barnacle Historic State Park]], and numerous other historic homes and estates.<ref name="neighborhoods"/>
The western side of Miami includes the neighborhoods of [[Little Havana]], [[West Flagler]], and [[Flagami]]. Although at one time a mostly Jewish neighborhood, today western Miami is home to immigrants from mostly [[Central America]] and [[Cuba]], while the west central neighborhood of [[Allapattah]] is a multicultural community of many ethnicities.<ref name="neighborhoods"/>
The northern side of Miami includes [[Midtown Miami|Midtown]], a district with a great mix of diversity ranging from [[West Indian Americans|West Indians]] to [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics]] to [[European Americans]]. The [[Edgewater (Miami)|Edgewater]] neighborhood of Midtown is mostly composed of high-rise residential towers and is home to the [[Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts]]. [[Wynwood Art District|Wynwood]] is an art district with ten galleries in former warehouses, as well as a large outdoor mural project. The wealthier residents of Miami usually live in the [[Miami Design District|Design District]] and the [[Upper Eastside]], which has many 1920s homes as well as examples of [[Miami Modern architecture]] in the MiMo Historic District.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021|title=MIMO Biscayne Boulevard Historic District|url=http://mimoboulevard.org/what-is-mimo/about-the-historic-district/|url-status=live|access-date=July 23, 2021|website=MIMO Biscayne Association}}</ref> The northern side of Miami also has notable [[African-American]] and [[Caribbean]] immigrant communities, including [[Little Haiti]], [[Overtown (Miami)|Overtown]] (home of the [[Lyric Theater (Miami)|Lyric Theater]]), and [[Liberty City (Miami)|Liberty City]].<ref name="neighborhoods"/>
===Climate===
{{Main|Climate of Miami}}
[[File:Miamisummershower.png|thumb|Typical summer afternoon thunderstorm rolling in from the [[Everglades]]]]
Miami has a [[tropical monsoon climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Aw'')<ref name="Miami, Florida">{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=20227&cityname=Miami%2C+Florida%2C+United+States+of+America&units= |title=Weather: Miami, Florida |work=Weatherbase |access-date=March 30, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pdf/kottek_et_al_2006_A4.pdf |title=World Map of Köppen−Geiger Climate Classification}}</ref> with hot and wet summers and warm and dry winters.
The city's sea-level elevation, coastal location, position just above the [[Tropic of Cancer]], and proximity to the [[Gulf Stream]] shape its climate. Average winter high temperatures, from December to March, range from {{convert|76.4|-|80.3|F|C|abbr=}}. January is the coolest month with an average daily temperature of {{convert|68.2|F}}. Low temperatures fall below {{convert|50|F}} about 3 to 4 nights during the winter season,{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} after the passage of [[cold front]]s that produce what little rainfall that falls in the winter.
There are two basic seasons in Miami, a hot and wet season from May through October, and a warm and dry season from November through April. During the hot and wet season, daily thundershowers occur in the humid unstable air masses. The wet season in Miami is defined as the period during which the average daily [[dew point]] temperature is above {{Convert|70|F}}. The rainy season typically begins on the first day that occurs, or within a few days later. Similarly, daily rainfall in Miami decreases sharply when the average daily dew point falls to {{Convert|70|F}} or below, although in some years, a stalled front to the south of the Florida peninsula may cause rains to continue for a few more days. During the years 1956 to 1997, the date summer began ranged from April 16 to June 3, with a median date of May 21. During those same years, the date summer ended ranged from September 24 to November 1, with a median date of October 17.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Duration of Summer Season in South Florida|url=https://www.weather.gov/mfl/summer_season|access-date=May 22, 2021|website=NOAA National Weather Service}}</ref> During the summer, temperatures range from the mid-80s to low 90s °F (29–35 °C) and are accompanied by high humidity, though the heat is often relieved in the afternoon by thunderstorms or a [[sea breeze]] that develops off the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the year's {{convert|61.9|in|mm|0}} of rainfall occurs during this period. [[Dew point]]s in the warm months range from {{convert|71.9|F}} in June to {{convert|73.7|F}} in August.<ref name=NOAA/>
Extremes range from {{convert|27|°F|1}} on February 3, 1917 to {{convert|100|°F|0}} on July 21, 1942.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.weather.gov/media/mfl/climate/Daily_Records_Miami.pdf |title=Climatological Records for Miami, FL 1895 - 2019 |publisher=National Weather Service |access-date=November 23, 2019}}</ref><!-- note: PDF link found on https://www.weather.gov/mfl/climate --> While Miami has never [[snow in Florida|recorded snowfall]] at any official weather station since records have been kept, [[Snow flurry|snow flurries]] fell in some parts of the city on January 19, 1977.<ref>"[http://search.proquest.com/docview/541189651/ Maine shivers at −29: Snow falls in Florida]". Associated Press. ''The Baltimore Sun''. January 20, 1977. p. A1. ''"Temperatures dipped into the 30s in southern Florida, with snow flurries reported even in Miami Beach."''</ref><ref>Lardner Jr., George; Meyers, Robert. "[http://search.proquest.com/docview/146900778/ Miami Is Hit by First Recorded Snow: the State of Emergency Is Eyed for Virginia Thousands Idled as Cold Closes Factories, Businesses]". ''The Washington Post''. January 20, 1977. p. A1. ''The meandering jet stream in the upper atmosphere sent flurries of genuine snow onto Miami's palm trees. ... It was the farthest south that snow has been reported in the United States since the record books were started in the 19th century. ... The snow flurries in Miami will be only an asterisk in the record books since they didn't fall on any of the National Weather Service's recording stations in the area, but they were genuine."''</ref><ref>Khiss, Peter. "[http://search.proquest.com/docview/123531417/ New York High is 26 as the South Shivers: Florida Snow Causes Emergency Gas Shortage Widespread]". ''The New York Times''. January 20, 1977. p. 1. ''"Florida officially recorded snow for the first time yesterday in Palm Beach County, 65 miles north of Miami, and even that city had flurries, although not at the official stations at its airport or nearby Coral Gables."''</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VsAcAAAAIBAJ&pg=6854,7871034&dq=miami+news&hl=en |title=The Great Miami Snow Job |first=Howard |last=Kleinberg |work=The Dispatch |date=December 30, 1989 |access-date=September 23, 2010}}</ref>
[[Tropical cyclone|Hurricane season]] officially runs from June 1 through November 30, although hurricanes can develop beyond those dates. The most likely time for Miami to be hit is during the peak of the [[Cape Verde hurricane|Cape Verde]] season, which is mid-August through the end of September.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.com/newscenter/specialreports/hurricanes/vulnerablecities/miami.html |publisher=The Weather Channel |title=Vulnerable cities: Miami, Florida |access-date=February 19, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427194724/http://www.weather.com/newscenter/specialreports/hurricanes/vulnerablecities/miami.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=April 27, 2006}}</ref> Although tornadoes are uncommon in the area, one struck in [[1925 Miami tornado|1925]] and another in [[1997 Miami tornado|1997]]. Around 40% of homes in Miami are built upon [[floodplain]]s and are considered as flood-risk zones.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21728964-one-12-americans-now-lives-home-some-risk-flooding-irma-spared-america|title=Irma spared America, but still had a big effect on it|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=September 26, 2017|language=en}}</ref>
Miami falls under the [[United States Department of Agriculture|Department of Agriculture's]] 10b/11a plant [[hardiness zone]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/# |title=USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map |work=United States Department of Agriculture |access-date=February 24, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227032333/http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/ |archive-date=February 27, 2014}}</ref>
Miami is one of the major coastal cities and major cities in the United States that will be most affected by [[climate change]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=News|first=Daniel Cusick, E&E|title=Miami Is the "Most Vulnerable" Coastal City Worldwide|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/miami-is-the-most-vulnerable-coastal-city-worldwide/|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=Scientific American|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Florida Climate Outlook: Assessing Physical and Economic Impacts through 2040|url=https://www.rff.org/publications/reports/florida-climate-outlook/|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=Resources for the Future|language=en-US}}</ref> Global [[sea level rise]], which in Miami is projected to be {{convert|21|in|cm}} to {{convert|40|in|cm}} by 2070, will lead to an increase in storm damage, more intense flooding and will threaten the city's water supply.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Unified Sea Level Rise Projection Southeast Florida|url=https://southeastfloridaclimatecompact.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Sea-Level-Rise-Projection-Guidance-Report_FINAL_02212020.pdf|access-date=February 11, 2022|website=www.southeastfloridaclimatecompact.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Miami-Dade County - Environment - Impact on South Florida|url=http://www.miamidade.gov/environment/climate-change-impact.asp|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=www.miamidade.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Luscombe|first=Richard|date=April 21, 2020|title=Will Florida be lost forever to the climate crisis?|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/apr/21/florida-climate-crisis-sea-level-habitat-loss|access-date=November 14, 2020|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Real estate prices in Miami already reflect the increase in prices for real estate at a higher elevation within the city compared to real estate at a lower elevation.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Olick|first=Diana|date=August 29, 2018|title=Rising Risks: 'Climate gentrification' is changing Miami real estate values – for better and worse|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/08/29/climate-gentrification-is-changing-miami-real-estate-values.html|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=CNBC|language=en}}</ref>
{{Miami weatherbox}}
==Demographics==
{{Further|Cuban migration to Miami}}
{{US Census population
|1900= 1681
|1910= 5471
|1920= 29571
|1930= 110637
|1940= 172172
|1950= 249276
|1960= 291688
|1970= 334859
|1980= 346681
|1990= 358548
|2000= 362470
|2010= 399457
|2020= 442241
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref><br>2010–2020<ref name="QuickFacts" />
}}
The city proper is home to less than one-thirteenth of the population of [[South Florida]]. Miami is the 44th most populous city in the [[United States]]. The [[Miami metropolitan area]], which includes [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade]], [[Broward County, Florida|Broward]], and [[Palm Beach County, Florida|Palm Beach]] counties, has a population of 6.1 million people, ranking eighth largest in the United States.<ref name="2009 Pop. Est.">{{cite web|url=http://emiami.condos/CBSA-EST2009-01.xlsx|title=Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009|format=[[Microsoft Excel|XLS]]|work=2009 Population Estimates|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date=March 19, 2010|access-date=September 5, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016090520/http://emiami.condos/CBSA-EST2009-01.xlsx|archive-date=October 16, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Race and ethnicity 2010- Miami (5560452404).png|thumb|Map of racial/ethnic distribution in Miami, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people: <span style="color:#f00;">'''Non-Hispanic White'''</span>, <span style="color:#ff8000">'''Hispanic'''</span>, <span style="color:#00f;">'''Black'''</span>, <span style="color:#00ff80">'''Asian'''</span>]]
In 1960, Hispanics made up about 5% of the population of Miami-Dade County. Between 1960 and 2000, 90% of the population growth in the county was made up of Hispanics, raising the Hispanic portion of the population to more than 57% by 2000.<ref>{{cite web |date=September 2003 |title=Demographic Profile: Miami–Dade County, Florida 1960–2000 |url=http://www.miamidade.gov/planzone/Library/Census/demographic_profile.pdf |publisher=Miami–Dade County Department of Planning and Zoning |location=Miami, Florida |page=iii (p. 5 of PDF) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320082430/http://www.miamidade.gov/planzone/Library/Census/demographic_profile.pdf| archive-date=March 20, 2012 |access-date=January 19, 2020}}</ref>
In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Miami's population as 45% Hispanic, 32.9% non-Hispanic white, and 22.7% black.<ref>{{cite web|title=Florida – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |access-date=April 21, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012}}</ref> Miami's explosive population growth has been driven by internal migration from other parts of the country, primarily up until the 1980s, as well as by [[Immigration to the United States|immigration]], primarily from the 1960s to the 1990s. Today, immigration to Miami has continued and Miami's growth today is attributed greatly to its fast urbanization and high-rise construction, which has increased its inner city neighborhood population densities, such as in Downtown, Brickell, and [[Edgewater (Miami)|Edgewater]], where one area in Downtown alone saw a 2,069% increase in population in the 2010 Census. Miami is regarded as more of a [[multiculturalism|multicultural mosaic]], than it is a [[melting pot]], with residents still maintaining much of, or some of their [[Culture|cultural traits]]. The overall culture of Miami is heavily influenced by its large population of Hispanics from the [[Caribbean]] and [[South America]] and black people mainly from the Caribbean islands.<ref>[http://www.miamidadematters.org/demographicdata 2020 Demographics]. Miami Matters. Retrieved June 23, 2020</ref>
===Race, ethnicity, religion, and languages===
Miami has a [[minority-majority]] population, as [[non-Hispanic whites]] comprise less than half of the population, 12.9%, down from 41.7% in 1970. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic or Latino (of any race)]] make up 70% of Miami's population. As of the 2010 census, the racial makeup of the population of Miami was 72.6% [[White American]] (including [[White Hispanic]]), 19.2% black or [[African American]], 1% [[Asian American]], and the remainder belonged to other groups or was of mixed ancestry.
The 2010 US Census reported that the [[Hispanic]] population in Miami accounted for 70% of its total population,<ref name=HiLaMi>{{cite web|url = http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP10|archive-url = https://archive.today/20200212214535/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP10|url-status = dead|archive-date = February 12, 2020|title = Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin: 2010 – 2010 Census Summary File 1|access-date = August 18, 2014|website = American FactFinder|publisher = US Census Bureau}}</ref> with 34.4% of city residents being of [[Cuban people|Cuban]] origin, 15.8% had a [[Central American]] background (7.2% [[Nicaraguan people|Nicaraguan]], 5.8% [[Honduran people|Honduran]], 1.2% [[Salvadoran people|Salvadoran]], and 1.0% [[Guatemalan people|Guatemalan]]), 8.7% were of [[South American]] descent (3.2% [[Colombian people|Colombian]], 1.4% [[Venezuelan people|Venezuelan]], 1.2% [[Peruvian people|Peruvian]], 1.2% [[Argentine people|Argentine]], 1.0% [[Chilean people|Chilean]] and 0.7% [[Ecuadorian people|Ecuadorian]]), 4.0% had [[Hispanic people|other Hispanic or Latino]] origins (0.5% [[Spaniard]]), 3.2% descended from [[Puerto Rican people|Puerto Ricans]], 2.4% were [[Dominican people (Dominican Republic)|Dominican]], and 1.5% had [[Mexican people|Mexican]] ancestry.
{{As of|2010}}, those of African ancestry accounted for 19.2% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 5.6% were [[West Indian]] or [[Afro-Caribbean American]] origin (4.4% [[Haitian people|Haitian]], 0.4% [[Jamaican people|Jamaican]], 0.4% [[Bahamian people|Bahamian]], 0.1% [[British West Indian]], and 0.1% [[Trinidadian and Tobagonian]], 0.1% [[Afro-Caribbean|Other or Unspecified West Indian]]),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |title=Miami, Florida FIRST ANCESTRY REPORTED Universe: Total population – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 29, 2015}}</ref> 3.0% were [[Black Hispanic]]s,<ref name=HiLaMi/> and 0.4% were [[Sub-Saharan African|Subsaharan African]] origin.<ref name=MIAMIdemo>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |title=Miami, Florida Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 – 2010 Demographic Profile Data |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 25, 2015}}</ref><ref name=MIApop>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |title=Miami, Florida: SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 25, 2015}}</ref>
{{As of|2010}}, those of (non-Hispanic white) European ancestry accounted for 11.9% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 1.7% were German, 1.6% Italian, 1.4% Irish, 1.0% English, 0.8% French, 0.6% Russian, and 0.5% were Polish.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/><ref name=MIApop/> Since the 1960s, there has been massive [[white flight]] with many non-Hispanic whites moving outside Miami due to the influx of immigrants settling in most parts of Miami.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/meltingpot/melt1109.htm |title=A White Migration North From Miami |series=The Myth of the Melting Pot |newspaper=The Washington Post |last=Booth |first=William |date=November 11, 1998 |access-date=August 3, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://account.miamiherald.com/paywall/registration?resume=118269088|title=Miami Herald|website=account.miamiherald.com}}</ref>
{{As of|2010}}, those of Asian ancestry accounted for 1.0% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 0.3% were [[Indian Americans|Indian]]/[[Indo-Caribbean American|Indo-Caribbean]] (1,206 people), 0.3% [[Chinese people|Chinese]]/[[Chinese Caribbeans|Chinese Caribbean]] (1,804 people), 0.2% [[Filipino people|Filipino]] (647 people), 0.1% were other Asian (433 people), 0.1% [[Japanese people|Japanese]] (245 people), 0.1% [[Korean people|Korean]] (213 people), and 0.0% were [[Vietnamese people|Vietnamese]] (125 people).<ref name=MIAMIdemo/>
In 2010, 1.9% of the population considered themselves to be of only American ancestry (regardless of race or ethnicity),<ref name=MIAMIdemo/><ref name=MIApop/> while 0.5% were of Arab ancestry, {{As of|2010|lc=y}}.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/>
{|
|-
|align="left" |
{|class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align: left;font-size: 90%;"
! Demographic profile<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/FLtab.pdf |title=Florida – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Large Cities and Other Places|access-date=April 20, 2016}}</ref>
!2019<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami, FL {{!}} Data USA |url=https://datausa.io/profile/geo/miami-fl/ |access-date=2022-03-15 |website=datausa.io |language=en}}</ref>
! 2010
! 2000
! 1990
! 1980
! 1970
! 1960
! 1950
! 1940
! 1930
! 1920
! 1910
|-
|align="left" |[[White Americans|White]] (Includes [[White Hispanics]])
|77.1%||72.6% ||66.6% ||65.6% ||66.6% ||76.6% ||77.4% ||83.7% ||78.5% ||77.3% ||68.5%||58.7%
|-
|align="left" |[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics]]
|68.9%||70.0% ||65.8% ||62.5% ||55.9% ||44.6% ||17.6% ||– ||– ||– ||– ||–
|-
|align="left" |[[African Americans|Black]] or African American
|15.6%||19.2% ||22.3% ||27.4% ||25.1% ||22.7% ||22.4% ||16.2% ||21.4% ||22.7% ||31.3%||41.3%
|-
|align="left" |[[Non-Hispanic whites|Non-Hispanic White]]
|13.3%||11.9% ||11.8% ||12.2% ||19.4% ||41.7%||– ||– ||– ||– ||– ||–
|-
|align="left" |Other
|—||4.2% ||5.6% ||6.4% ||7.8% ||0.4%||0.1 ||0.1 ||0.1 ||0.1 ||0.1 ||0.1
|-
|align="left" |[[Asian Americans|Asian]]
|1.2%||1.0% ||0.7% ||0.6% ||0.5% ||0.3%||– ||– ||– ||– ||– ||–
|}
|}<!-- Citation provided, which has been archived, only covers population up to 1990, no sources cited for 2000, 2010 or 2020-->
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Religion in Miami (2014)<ref name=Religion>{{cite web|url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/miami-metro-area/|publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]|title=Adults in the Miami metro area}}</ref>
| label1 = [[Protestantism]]
| value1 = 39
| color1 = DodgerBlue
| label2 = [[Roman Catholicism]]
| value2 = 27
| color2 = #d4213d
| label3 = [[Mormonism]]
| value3 = 0.5
| color3 = DarkTurquoise
| label4 = [[Eastern Orthodoxy]]
| value4 = 0.5
| color4 = Purple
| label5 = [[Jehovah's Witnesses]]
| value5 = 1
| color5 = Aquamarine
| label6 = Other Christian
| value6 = 1
| color6 = Pink
| label7 = [[Irreligious|No religion]]
| value7 = 21
| color7 = Honeydew
| label8 = [[Judaism]]
| value8 = 9
| color8 = Blue
| label9 = Other religion
| value9 = 1
| color9 = Chartreuse
}}
According to a 2014 study by the [[Pew Research Center]], [[Christianity]] is the most prevalently practiced religion in Miami (68%), with 39% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered [[Protestant]], and 27% professing [[Roman Catholic]] beliefs.<ref>[http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/ Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles], Pew Research Center</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/ |title=America's Changing Religious Landscape |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]: Religion & Public Life |date=May 12, 2015}}</ref> followed by [[Judaism]] (9%); [[Islam]], [[Buddhism]], [[Hinduism]], and a variety of other religions have smaller followings; [[atheism]] or no self-identifying organized religious affiliation was practiced by 21%.
There has been a [[Norwegian Church Abroad|Norwegian Seamen's church]] in Miami since the early 1980s. In November 2011, [[Crown Princess Mette-Marit]] opened a new building for the church. The church was built as a center for the 10,000 [[Scandinavia]]ns that live in Florida. Around 4,000 of them are [[Norwegians|Norwegian]]. The church is also an important place for the 150 Norwegians that work at [[Disney World]].<ref>[http://www.norwaypost.no/index.php/news/latest-news/26012-crown-princess-opens-seamens-church-in-miami-26012 Crown Princess Opens Seamen's Church in Miami]. Norwaypost.no (November 21, 2011). Retrieved on August 3, 2013.</ref>
{{As of|2016}}, a total of 73% of Miami's population age five and over spoke a language other than English at home. Of this 73%, 64.5% of the population only spoke Spanish at home while 21.1% of the population spoke English at home. About 7% spoke other [[Indo-European languages]] at home, while about 0.9% spoke [[Languages of Asia|Asian languages]] or [[Languages of Oceania|Pacific Islander languages]]/[[Oceanic languages]] at home. The remaining 0.7% of the population spoke other languages at home.<ref>"[https://www.census.gov Retrieved August 23, 2018.]</ref>
{{As of|2010}}, 70.2% of Miami's population age five and over spoke only Spanish at home while 22.7% of the population spoke English at home. About 6.3% spoke other [[Indo-European languages]] at home. About 0.4% spoke [[Languages of Asia|Asian languages]] or [[Languages of Oceania|Pacific Islander languages]]/[[Oceanic languages]] at home. The remaining 0.3% of the population spoke other languages at home. In total, 77.3% spoke another language other than English.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/>
===Education, households, income, and poverty===
{{As of|2010}}, 80% of people over age 25 were a high school graduate or higher. 27.3% of people in Miami had a bachelor's degree or higher.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/miamicityflorida/PST045217|title=QuickFacts Miami city, Florida|website=census.gov|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|year=2017|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>
{{As of|2010}}, there were 158,317 households, of which 14% were vacant. 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.3% were married couples living together, 18.1% have a female head of household with no husband present, and 43.1% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older (4% male and 7.3% female.) The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.15.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/><ref name=MIAage>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |title=Miami, Florida: Age Groups and Sex: 2010 – 2010 Census Summary File 1 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 25, 2015}}</ref>
In 2010, the city population was spread out, with 18.8% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.1 males.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/><ref name=MIAage/>
In 2010, 58.1% of the county's population was foreign born, with 41.1% being [[Naturalized citizen of the United States|naturalized American citizens]]. Of foreign-born residents, 95.4% were born in Latin America, 2.4% were born in Europe, 1.4% born in Asia, 0.5% born in Africa, 0.2% in North America, and 0.1% were born in Oceania.<ref name=MIApop/>
In 2004, the [[United Nations|United Nations Development Program]] (UNDP) reported that Miami had the highest proportion of foreign-born residents of any major city worldwide (59%), followed by Toronto (50%).
About 22.2% of families and 27.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]] at the census, including 37.1% of those under age 18 and 32.8% of those aged 65 or over.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |title=Miami, Florida: SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 26, 2015}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="float: left; margin-right: 2em; width: 50%; font-size: 95%;"
|-
!colspan=4|Miami demographics
|-
![[United States Census, 2010|2010 Census]]||Miami<ref name="American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau">{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/profile/FL|title=Miami city, Florida – Census 2010 |work=USA Today|access-date=January 12, 2012}}</ref>||Miami-Dade County||Florida
|-
|Total population||399,457||2,496,435||18,801,310
|-
|Population, percent change, 2000 to 2010||+10.2%||+10.8%||+17.6%
|-
|Population density||{{convert|11,135.9|/sqmi|abbr=on|disp=br()}}||{{convert|1,315.5|/sqmi|abbr=on|disp=br()}}||{{convert|350.6|/sqmi|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
|-
|[[White (U.S. Census)|White or Caucasian]] (including [[White Hispanic]])||72.6%||73.8%||75.0%
|-
|[[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic or Latino (of any race)]]||70.0%||65.0%||22.5%
|-
|[[Black (U.S. Census)|Black or African-American]]||19.2%||18.9%||16.0%
|-
|([[Non-Hispanic Whites|Non-Hispanic White or Caucasian]])||11.9%||15.4%||57.9%
|-
|[[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]]||1.0%||1.5%||2.4%
|-
|[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Native Alaskan]]||0.3%||0.2%||0.4%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]]||0.0%||0.0%||0.1%
|-
|[[Multiracial American|Two or more races (Multiracial)]]||2.7%||2.4%||2.5%
|-
|[[Other races (U.S. Census)|Some Other Race]]||4.2%||3.2%||3.6%
|}
{{Clear}}
==Economy==
[[File:Brickell1.JPG|thumb|right|Downtown is [[South Florida]]'s main hub for finance, commerce and [[international business]]. [[Brickell Avenue]] has the largest concentration of international banks in the U.S.]]
[[File:Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg|thumb|right|As seen in 2006, the [[List of tallest buildings in Miami|high-rise construction]] in Miami has inspired popular opinion of "[[manhattanization|Miami manhattanization]]"]]
[[File:Brickell Avenue 20100203.jpg|thumb|Brickell Avenue in Downtown Miami's [[Brickell|Brickell Financial District]]]]
Miami is a major center of commerce and finance and boasts a strong [[international business]] community. According to the 2020 ranking of world cities undertaken by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]] (GaWC) based on the level of presence of global corporate service organizations, Miami is considered a Beta + level [[Global city|world city]], along with [[Atlanta]], [[Dallas]], and [[Houston]], however according to the US census between the years 2015–2019, Miami lacks in terms of owner-occupied housing, computer and internet usage, education regarding bachelor's degree or higher, median household income, per capita income, while achieving higher percentage of persons in poverty.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html|title=GaWC - The World According to GaWC 2018|website=www.lboro.ac.uk|access-date=June 18, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|title=US Census 2015-2019|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/houstoncitytexas,atlantacitygeorgia,dallascitytexas,miamicityflorida/PST045219}} </ref> Miami has a Gross Metropolitan Product of $257 billion, ranking 11th in the United States and 20th worldwide in GMP.<ref>{{cite web|title=Which are the largest city economies in the world and how might this change by 2025?|url=https://www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/imagelibrary/downloadMedia.ashx?MediaDetailsID%3D1562 |website=PricewaterhouseCoopers UK|access-date=November 20, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531000745/http://www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/imagelibrary/downloadMedia.ashx?MediaDetailsID=1562 |archive-date=May 31, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Gross Metropolitan Product|url=http://greyhill.com/gross-metropolitan-product|publisher=Greyhill Advisors|access-date=September 29, 2011}}</ref>
Several large companies are headquartered in Miami, including but not limited to [[Akerman LLP]], [[Alienware]], [[Arquitectonica]], [[Brightstar Corporation]], [[Celebrity Cruises]], [[Carnival Corporation & plc|Carnival Corporation]], [[Duany Plater-Zyberk]], [[Greenberg Traurig]], [[Inktel Direct]], [[Lennar Corporation]], [[Norwegian Cruise Line]], [[Oceania Cruises]], [[OPKO Health]], [[Parkjockey]], [[RCTV International]], [[Royal Caribbean International]], [[Sitel]], [[Southern Wine & Spirits]], [[Telemundo]], [[Vector Group]], [[Watsco]] and [[World Fuel Services]]. Over 1,400 multinational firms are located in Miami, with many major global organisations headquartering their Latin American operations (or regional offices) in the city including [[Walmart]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://walmartstores.com/FactsNews/NewsRoom/9663.aspx |title=Walmart Latinoamérica Opens New Regional Office in South Florida, Introduces New Regional President and CEO Eduardo Solórzano |publisher=Walmartstores.com |date=February 23, 2010 |access-date=September 5, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304195241/http://walmartstores.com/FactsNews/NewsRoom/9663.aspx |archive-date=March 4, 2010}}</ref> Additionally, companies based in nearby cities or unincorporated areas of [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]] include, [[Benihana]], [[Burger King]], [[Carnival Cruise Line]], [[Navarro Discount Pharmacies]], [[Perry Ellis International]], [[Ryder]], [[Sedano's]], [[UniMás]], and [[U.S. Century Bank]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bk.com/about-bk|title=About Us – Burger King|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.perryellis.com/pages/about-us|title=Our Story|publisher=[[Perry Ellis International]]|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref>
Miami is a major television production center, and the most important city in the United States for Spanish language media. [[Telemundo]] and [[UniMás]] have their headquarters in the Miami area. [[Univision|Univisión Studios]] and [[Telemundo Studios]] produce much of the original programming for their respective parent networks, such as [[telenovela]]s, news, sports, and talk shows. In 2011, 85% of Telemundo's original programming was filmed in Miami.<ref>[http://miamitodaynews.com/news/110623/story4.shtml Telemundo plans to tape 1,100 hours of telenovelas in Miami]. Miamitodaynews.com (June 23, 2011). Retrieved on October 8, 2012.</ref> Miami is also a significant music recording center, with the [[Sony Music Latin]] headquarters in the city, along with many other smaller [[record label]]s. The city also attracts many artists for music video and film shoots.
During the mid-2000s, the city witnessed its largest real estate boom since the [[Florida land boom of the 1920s]], and the city had well over a hundred approved high-rise construction projects. However, only 50 were actually built.<ref>[http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/sk/li/?id=101321&bt=2&ht=3&sro=1 Miami: High rise buildings–All]. Emporis. Retrieved August 25, 2007.</ref> Rapid high-rise construction led to fast population growth in the Miami's inner neighborhoods, with [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]], [[Brickell]] and [[Edgewater (Miami)|Edgewater]] becoming the fastest-growing areas of the city. The city currently has the seven tallest (as well as fifteen of top twenty) [[List of tallest buildings in Florida|skyscrapers in the state of Florida]], with the tallest being the {{convert|868|ft|m|0|adj=on|abbr=}} [[Panorama Tower]].<ref name=emporis>{{cite web|url=http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/sk/li/?id=101321&bt=9&ht=2&sro=1|title=Miami:High rise buildings–Completed|publisher=[[Emporis]]|access-date=August 19, 2007}}</ref>
The [[United States housing bubble|housing market crash of 2007]] caused a foreclosure crisis in the area.<ref>{{cite news|last=Bell|first=Maya|url=http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/orl-condobust2707aug27,0,2001796.story|title=Boom of condo crash loudest in Miami|work=[[Orlando Sentinel]]|date=August 27, 2007|access-date=August 30, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070901092249/http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/orl-condobust2707aug27,0,2001796.story|archive-date=September 1, 2007}}</ref> In 2012, ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine named Miami the most miserable city in the United States because of the crippling housing crisis that cost multitudes of residents their homes and jobs. In addition, the metro area has one of the highest violent crime rates in the country and workers face lengthy daily commutes.<ref>{{cite news|title=America's Most Miserable Cities (2012)|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2012/02/02/americas-most-miserable-cities/|work=Forbes|access-date=March 31, 2013|first=Kurt|last=Badenhausen}}</ref> Like other metro areas in the United States, crime in Miami is localized to specific neighborhoods.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jumpshell.com/posts/moving-to-miami#crimemaps|title=Moving to Miami, FL: Relocating Tips & Advice|work=Jumpshell|first=Raleigh|last=Werner|access-date=May 27, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911171407/https://www.jumpshell.com/posts/moving-to-miami#crimemaps|archive-date=September 11, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> In a 2016 study by the website ''24/7 Wall Street'', Miami was rated as the worst U.S. city in which to live, based on crime, poverty, [[income inequality in the United States|income inequality]], education, and housing costs that far exceed the national median.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kaufmanmkaufman |first=Michelle |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/article86476492.html |title=Miami was rated Worst American City to Live In by website 24/7 Wall St. |newspaper=Miami Herald |date=June 28, 2016 |access-date=September 23, 2017}}</ref>
[[Miami International Airport]] (MIA) and [[PortMiami]] are among the nation's busiest ports of entry, especially for cargo from [[South America]] and the [[Caribbean]]. PortMiami is the world's busiest cruise port, and MIA is the busiest airport in Florida and the largest gateway between the United States and Latin America.<ref>{{cite news|title=New figures show PortMiami retained No. 1 cruise port ranking|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/southflorida/news/2012/12/24/portmiami-drops-behind-port-canaveral.html|work=Business Journal|access-date=March 31, 2013}}</ref> Due to its strength in international business, finance and trade, the city has among the largest concentration of international banks in the country, primarily along [[Brickell Avenue]] in [[Brickell]], Miami's financial district. Miami was the host city of the 2003 [[Free Trade Area of the Americas]] negotiations.
Miami is the home to the [[National Hurricane Center]] and the headquarters of the [[United States Southern Command]], responsible for military operations in [[Central America|Central]] and South America. Miami is also an industrial center, especially for stone quarrying and warehousing. These industries are centered largely on the western fringes of the city near [[Doral, Florida|Doral]] and [[Hialeah, Florida|Hialeah]].
According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]] in 2012, Miami had the [[List of lowest-income places in the United States|fourth highest percentage]] of family incomes below the federal poverty line out of all large cities in the United States, behind [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]], [[Cleveland|Cleveland, Ohio]], and [[Cincinnati|Cincinnati, Ohio]], respectively. Miami is also one of the very few cities in the U.S. where the local government has gone bankrupt, in 2001.<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,135186,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930034506/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,135186,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 30, 2007|title=Gloom over Miami|last=Cohen|first=Adam|date=June 24, 2001|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=September 2, 2007}}</ref> On the other hand, Miami has won accolades for its environmental policies: in 2008, it was ranked as "America's Cleanest City" according to ''Forbes'' for its year-round good air quality, vast green spaces, clean drinking water, clean streets and citywide recycling programs.<ref name="Van Riper">{{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/business/2008/03/17/miami-seattle-orlando-biz-logistics-cx_tvr_0317cleanest.html|title=America's cleanest cities|last=Van Riper|first=Tom|date=March 17, 2008|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=February 23, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100529143525/http://www.forbes.com/2008/03/17/miami-seattle-orlando-biz-logistics-cx_tvr_0317cleanest.html|archive-date=May 29, 2010}}</ref>
===PortMiami===
{{Main|PortMiami}}
[[File:Port of Miami 20071208.jpg|thumb|right|[[PortMiami]] is the world's largest cruise ship port, and is the headquarters of many of the world's largest cruise companies]]
Miami is home to one of the largest ports in the United States, the [[PortMiami]]. It is the largest cruise ship port in the world, and is often called the "Cruise Capital of the World" and the "Cargo Gateway of the Americas".<ref name=miamiport>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamidade.gov/portmiami/|title=Port of Miami|work=Miami-Dade County|access-date=October 28, 2008}}</ref> It has retained its status as the number one cruise/passenger port in the world for well over a decade, accommodating the largest cruise ships and the major cruise lines. In 2017, the port served 5,340,559 cruise passengers.<ref name = portreport>{{cite web|url = http://www.miamidade.gov/portmiami/library/brochures/2017-statistics-brochure.pdf|title = 2017-18 Port Report|publisher = PortMiami}}</ref> Additionally, the port is one of the nation's busiest cargo ports, importing 9,162,340 tons of cargo in 2017.<ref name = portreport/> Among North American ports, it ranks second to [[New Orleans]]' [[Port of South Louisiana]] in cargo tonnage imported from [[Latin America]]. The port sits on {{convert|518|acre|km2|0|abbr=on}} and has seven passenger terminals. [[China]] is the port's number one import country and number one export country. Miami has the world's largest amount of cruise line headquarters, home to [[Carnival Cruise Line]], [[Celebrity Cruises]], [[Norwegian Cruise Line]], [[Oceania Cruises]], and [[Royal Caribbean International]]. In 2014, the [[Port of Miami Tunnel]] was opened, connecting the [[MacArthur Causeway]] to PortMiami.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Cordle|first1=Ina Paiva|title=The new PortMiami tunnel's opening is delayed until mid-June|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/05/28/4143644/the-new-portmiami-tunnels-opening.html|access-date=June 6, 2014|newspaper=The Miami Herald|date=May 28, 2014}}</ref>
===Tourism and conventions===
[[File:Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Royal Caribbean International]] headquarters at the [[Port of Miami]]]]
Tourism is one of the Miami's largest private-sector industries, accounting for more than 144,800 jobs in [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.globest.com/2018/05/02/greater-miami-tourism-industry-setting-records/?slreturn=20180904191824|title=Greater Miami Tourism Industry Setting Records|last=Jordan|first=John|website=globest.com|publisher=GlobeSt|date = May 2, 2018|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref> The city's frequent portrayal in music, film, and popular culture has made the city and its landmarks recognizable worldwide. In 2016, it attracted the second-highest number of foreign tourists of any city in the United States, after [[New York City]], and is among the top 20 cities worldwide by international visitor spending. More than 15.9 million visitors arrived in Miami in 2017, adding $26.1 billion to the economy.<ref>{{cite news|url = https://www.miamiherald.com/latest-news/article210209129.html|publisher = Miami Herald|title = Despite Irma, Miami tourism grew in 2017. Will Asia flights make 2018 even better?|last = Herrera|first = Chabeli|website=miamiherald.com|date = May 1, 2018|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref> With a large hotel infrastructure and the newly renovated [[Miami Beach Convention Center]], Miami is a popular destination for annual conventions and conferences.
Some of the most popular tourist destinations in Miami include [[South Beach]], [[Lincoln Road]], [[Bayside Marketplace]], [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown Miami]], and [[Brickell City Centre]]. The [[Miami Beach Architectural District|Art Deco District]] in [[Miami Beach, Florida|Miami Beach]] is reputed as one of the most glamorous in the world for its nightclubs, beaches, historical buildings, and shopping. Annual events such as the [[Miami Open (tennis)|Miami Open]], [[Art Basel]], the [[Winter Music Conference]], the [[Food Network South Beach Wine and Food Festival|South Beach Wine and Food Festival]], and [[Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami]] attract millions to the metropolis every year.
==Culture==
{{See also|LGBT culture in Miami|List of films and television shows set in Miami}}
Miami enjoys a vibrant culture that is influenced by a diverse population from all around the world. Miami is known as the "Magic City" for seemingly popping up overnight due to its young age, massive growth, and its aesthetics of [[Art Deco in the United States|neon art deco]]. The city itself is infamous for its [[Miami drug war|drug war]] in the early 80s and its outrun aesthetics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://culturecrusaders.com/2019/02/12/7-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-miami-drug-wars/|title=8 Things you didn't know about the Miami Drug Wars|date=February 12, 2019|website=culturecrusaders.com|access-date=February 12, 2019}}</ref> It is also nicknamed the "Capital of Latin America" because of its high population of Spanish-speakers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-36281648|title=How Miami became the capital of affluent Latin America|last=Fajardo|first=Luis|date=May 16, 2016|website=[[BBC News]]|access-date=May 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/20/us/20miami.html|title=Influx of South Americans Drives Miami's Reinvention|last=Alvarez|first=Lizette|date=July 19, 2014|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=July 19, 2014}}</ref>
Miami has been the setting of numerous films and television shows, including ''[[Miami Vice]]'', ''[[Cocaine Cowboys (2006 film)|Cocaine Cowboys]]'', ''[[Burn Notice]]'', ''[[Jane the Virgin]]'', [[Scarface (1983 film)|''Scarface'']], ''[[The Birdcage]]'', ''[[Ace Ventura: Pet Detective]]'', ''[[The Golden Girls]]'', ''[[2 Fast 2 Furious|2 fast 2 furious]]'', and ''[[Dexter (TV series)|Dexter]]''. Several video games, including the gameloft classic ''[[Asphalt Overdrive]]'', ''[[Scarface: The World Is Yours|Scarface]]'' video game franchise, and the fictional [[Vice city|Vice City]] in several video games across the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' series, most notably ''[[Grand Theft Auto: Vice City]]'', is based on Miami.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/grand-theft-auto-vice-city-graphics-qanda/1100-2881042/|title=Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Graphics Q&A|author=Gamespot Staff|date=September 27, 2002|website=GameSpot|language=en-US|access-date=May 29, 2018}}</ref>
===Entertainment and performing arts===
{{main|Music of Miami}}
[[File:Knightconcerthall.jpg|thumb|[[Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts]], the second-largest performing arts center in the United States]]
In addition to annual festivals like the [[Calle Ocho Festival]], Miami is home to many entertainment venues, theaters, museums, parks and performing arts centers. The newest addition to the Miami arts scene is the [[Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts]], home of the [[Florida Grand Opera]] and the second-largest performing arts center in the United States after [[Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|Lincoln Center]] in [[New York City]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/04/arts/music/04tomm.html|title=Carnival Center for the Performing Arts - Miami - Music|last=Tommasini|first=Anthony|date=February 4, 2007|work=The New York Times|access-date=May 29, 2018|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The center attracts many large-scale operas, ballets, concerts, and musicals from around the world. Other performing arts venues in Miami include the [[Olympia Theater (Miami)|Olympia Theater]], [[Wertheim Performing Arts Center]], the [[Fair Expo Center]], the [[Tower Theater (Miami, Florida)|Tower Theater]], and the [[Bayfront Park|Bayfront Park Amphitheater]].
Another celebrated event is the [[Miami International Film Festival]], taking place every year for 10 days around the first week of March, during which independent international and American films are screened across the city. Miami has over a half dozen independent film theaters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://miamifilmfestival.com/|title=Miami International Film Festival|website=Miami Film Festival|language=en-US|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref>
Miami attracts a large number of musicians, singers, actors, dancers, and orchestral players. The city has numerous orchestras, symphonies and performing art conservatories. These include the [[Florida Grand Opera]], [[Florida International University|FIU School of Music]], [[Frost School of Music]], and the [[New World School of the Arts]].
Miami is also a major fashion center, home to models and some of the top modeling agencies in the world. The city is host to many fashion shows and events, including the annual [[Miami Fashion Week]] and the [[Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami]], held in the [[Wynwood Art District]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamifashionweek.com/new_admin/html/Overview.html|title=Miami Fashion Week|publisher=Miami Fashion Week|access-date=April 20, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511195801/http://www.miamifashionweek.com/new_admin/html/Overview.html|archive-date=May 11, 2008}}</ref>
Miami will be having their first boat-in movie theater on Saturday, July 25, 2020.<ref name="miamiherald.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/miami-com/things-to-do/article244378772.html |title=There's a new drive in movie theater on Biscayne Bay: Be sure to bring your boat |website=[[Miami Herald]] |access-date=February 26, 2021}}</ref> This idea came about because of the social distancing efforts amid the COVID-19-Pandemic. The event is $50 per boat and there is no swimming allowed in the area.<ref name="miamiherald.com"/> Guests are expected to bring their own boat and to remain inside of it for safety. Other cities implementing similar ideas are: [[Chicago]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Cincinnati]], [[New York City]] and [[Paris]].
===Museums and visual arts===
Some of the museums in Miami include the [[Frost Art Museum]], [[Phillip and Patricia Frost Museum of Science|Frost Museum of Science]], [[HistoryMiami]], [[Institute of Contemporary Art (Miami)|Institute of Contemporary Art]], [[Miami Children's Museum]], [[Pérez Art Museum Miami|Pérez Art Museum]], [[Lowe Art Museum]], and the [[Vizcaya Museum and Gardens]], a [[National Historic Landmark]] set on a 28-acre early 20th century estate in [[Coconut Grove, Florida|Coconut Grove]].
===Cuisine===
The cuisine of Miami is a reflection of its diverse population, with a heavy influence from [[Caribbean cuisine|Caribbean]] and [[Latin American cuisine]]. By combining the two with [[American cuisine]], it has spawned a unique [[South Florida]] style of cooking known as [[Floribbean cuisine]]. It is widely available throughout Miami and South Florida and can be found in restaurant chains such as [[Pollo Tropical]].
Cuban immigrants in the 1960s originated the [[Cuban sandwich]] and brought [[medianoche]], [[Cuban espresso]], and [[croquette|croquetas]], all of which have grown in popularity among all Miamians and have become symbols of the city's varied cuisine. Today, these are part of the local culture and can be found throughout the city at window cafés, particularly outside of supermarkets and restaurants.<ref>[http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/Sandwiches/CubanSandwich.htm Cuban Sandwich, History of Cuban Sandwich, History of Cubano Sandwich]. Whatscookingamerica.net. Retrieved on October 8, 2012.</ref><ref>[http://www.frommers.com/destinations/miami/0017024034.html Local Cuisine in Miami at Frommer's]. Frommers.com. Retrieved on October 8, 2012.</ref> Some of these locations, such as the [[Versailles restaurant]] in [[Little Havana]], are landmark eateries of Miami. Located on the Atlantic Ocean, and with a long history as a [[Port|seaport]], Miami is also known for its seafood, with many seafood restaurants located along the [[Miami River (Florida)|Miami River]] and in and around Biscayne Bay.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.miaminewtimes.com/restaurants/search/cuisine:Seafood/ |title=Miami Cuisine: Seafood Restaurants Guide – Miami Dining Guide |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120720222320/https://www.miaminewtimes.com/restaurants/search/cuisine%3ASeafood/ |archive-date=July 20, 2012 |newspaper=[[Miami New Times]] |access-date=October 8, 2012}}</ref> The city is also the headquarters of restaurant chains such as [[Burger King]] and [[Benihana]].
===Dialect===
{{Main|Miami accent}}
The Miami area has a unique dialect, commonly called the "[[Miami accent]]", that is widely spoken. The accent developed among second- or third-generation [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics]], including [[Cuban Americans]], whose first language was English (though some [[Non-Hispanic whites|non-Hispanic white]], [[black people|black]], and [[Race and ethnicity in the United States|other races]] who were born and raised in the Miami area tend to adopt it as well).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-why-locals-embrace-heavy-l-or-not?nopop=1 |title=Miami Accents: Why Locals Embrace That Heavy "L" Or Not|date=August 27, 2013|publisher=WLRN ([[WLRN-TV]] and [[WLRN-FM]])|access-date=September 1, 2013}}</ref> It is based on a fairly [[General American|standard American accent]] but with some changes, very similar to dialects in the [[Mid-Atlantic (United States)|Mid-Atlantic]] (especially those in the [[New York City English|New York area]] and [[New Jersey English|Northern New Jersey]], including [[New York Latino English]]). Unlike [[Piedmont region of Virginia|Virginia Piedmont]], Coastal Southern American, Northeast American dialects and [[Florida Cracker]] dialect, "Miami accent" is [[Rhoticity in English|rhotic]]; it also incorporates a rhythm and pronunciation heavily influenced by Spanish (wherein rhythm is [[isochrony#syllable timing|syllable-timed]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2004-06-13/news/0406130047_1_cuban-accent-spanish-sound |title='Miami Accent' Takes Speakers By Surprise|work=Articles – [[Sun-Sentinel]].com |date=June 13, 2004|access-date=October 8, 2012}}</ref>
This is a native dialect of English, not learner English or [[interlanguage]]; it is possible to differentiate this variety from an [[interlanguage]] spoken by second-language speakers in that the "Miami accent" does ''not'' generally display the following features: there is no [[epenthesis|addition]] of {{IPA|/ɛ/}} before initial consonant clusters with {{IPA|/s/}}, speakers do not confuse of {{IPA|/dʒ/}} with {{IPA|/j/}}, (e.g., ''Yale'' with ''jail''), and /r/ and /rr/ are pronounced as [[Alveolar approximant|alveolar approximant <nowiki>[</nowiki>{{IPA|ɹ}}<nowiki>]</nowiki>]] instead of [[alveolar tap]] {{IPA|[ɾ]}} or [[alveolar trill]] [r] in Spanish.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-how-miamah-turned-different-sort-twang |title=Miami Accents: How 'Miamah' Turned Into A Different Sort Of Twang|date=August 26, 2013|publisher=WLRN ([[WLRN-TV]] & [[WLRN-FM]])|access-date=September 1, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-why-locals-embrace-heavy-l-or-not|title=Miami Accents: Why Locals Embrace That Heavy "L" Or Not|author=Patience Haggin|date=August 27, 2013|access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-how-miamah-turned-different-sort-twang|title=Miami Accents: How 'Miamah' Turned Into A Different Sort Of Twang|author=Gabriella Watts|date=August 26, 2013|access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/09/07/3609984/english-in-the-305-has-its-own.html |title=English in the 305 has its own distinct Miami sound |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203181803/http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/09/07/3609984/english-in-the-305-has-its-own.html |archive-date=December 3, 2013 |newspaper=[[Miami Herald]] |last=Haggin |first=Patience |date=September 16, 2013}}</ref>
==Sports==
{{See also|Sports in Miami}}
[[File:200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg|right|thumb|[[Hard Rock Stadium]], home venue for the [[Miami Dolphins]] (NFL) and site for College Football Playoff's (CFP) [[Orange Bowl]]]]
[[File:Miami Jai Alai fronton.jpg|thumb|Miami Jai Alai fronton, known as "The Yankee Stadium of Jai Alai"]]
Miami's main five sports teams are [[Inter Miami CF]] of [[Major League Soccer]] (MLS),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.intermiamicf.com/club/about|title=About the Club |website=[[Inter Miami CF]]|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> the [[Miami Dolphins]] of the [[National Football League]] (NFL), the [[Miami Heat]] of the [[National Basketball Association]] (NBA),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nba.com/heat/team/history|title=Miami Heat History|website=HEAT.com|access-date=February 26, 2022}}</ref> the [[Miami Marlins]] of [[Major League Baseball]] (MLB),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlb.com/marlins/history/timeline-1980s|title=Miami Marlins Franchise Timeline|website=Marlins.com|access-date=February 26, 2022}}</ref> and the [[Florida Panthers]] of the [[National Hockey League]] (NHL).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/panthers|title=Official website of the Florida Panthers|website=NHL.com|publisher=[[National Hockey League]]|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> The [[Miami Open (tennis)|Miami Open]], an annual tennis tournament, was previously held in [[Key Biscayne, Florida|Key Biscayne]] before moving to [[Hard Rock Stadium]] after the tournament was purchased by [[Miami Dolphins]] owner [[Stephen M. Ross|Stephen Ross]] in 2019. The city is home to numerous [[marina]]s, [[jai alai]] venues, and [[golf course]]s. The city streets have hosted professional auto races in the past, most notably the open-wheel [[Grand Prix of Miami (open wheel racing)|Grand Prix of Miami]], the sports car [[Grand Prix of Miami (sports car racing)|Grand Prix of Miami]], and [[Miami Grand Prix]] of [[Formula One]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.miami-grand-prix-to-join-f1-calendar-in-2022.44Dqc0CfhQzb7bb7MIjkqX.html|title=Miami Grand Prix to join F1 calendar in 2022, with exciting new circuit planned|date=April 18, 2021|website=Formula1.com|access-date=March 9, 2022}}</ref> The [[Homestead–Miami Speedway|Homestead-Miami Speedway]] oval hosts [[NASCAR]] races.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.homesteadmiamispeedway.com/track-history/|title=Track History and Records|website=homestead Miami speedway.com|access-date=March 9, 2022}}</ref>
The Heat and the Marlins play within Miami's city limits, at the [[FTX Arena]] in [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[LoanDepot Park]] in [[Little Havana]], respectively. Marlins Park is built on the site of the old [[Miami Orange Bowl]] stadium.
The [[Miami Dolphins]] play at [[Hard Rock Stadium]] in suburban [[Miami Gardens, Florida|Miami Gardens]], while the [[Florida Panthers]] play in nearby [[Sunrise, Florida|Sunrise]] at the [[FLA Live Arena]]. [[Inter Miami CF]] plays at [[DRV PNK Stadium]] in nearby [[Fort Lauderdale, Florida|Fort Lauderdale]], temporarily until a stadium is built in Miami.
The [[Orange Bowl]], one of the major bowl games in the [[College Football Playoff]] of the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]], is played at Hard Rock Stadium every winter. The stadium has also hosted the [[Super Bowl]]; the Miami metro area has hosted the game a total of ten times (five times at the current Hard Rock Stadium and five at the [[Miami Orange Bowl]]), tying New Orleans for the most games.
Miami is also the home of many college sports teams. The two largest are the [[University of Miami]] [[Miami Hurricanes|Hurricanes]], whose [[Miami Hurricanes football|football team]] plays at [[Hard Rock Stadium]] and [[Florida International University]] [[FIU Panthers|Panthers]], whose [[FIU Panthers football|football team]] plays at [[Riccardo Silva Stadium|Ricardo Silva Stadium]]. The Hurricanes compete in the [[Atlantic Coast Conference]] (ACC), while the Panthers compete in the [[Conference USA]] of the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]].
Miami is also home to [[Paso Fino]] horses, and competitions are held at Tropical Park Equestrian Center.
The following table (below) shows the major professional in the Miami metro area:
{|class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto; width:100%;"
|+ '''Miami major league professional sports teams'''
|-
!Club
!Sport
!Miami Area since
!League
!Venue
!League Championships
|-
|[[Miami Dolphins]]
|[[American football]]
|1965
|[[National Football League]]
|[[Hard Rock Stadium]]
|[[1972 NFL season|1972]] ([[Super Bowl VII|VII]]), [[1973 NFL season|1973]] ([[Super Bowl VIII|VIII]])
|-
|[[Florida Panthers]]
|[[Ice hockey]]
|1993
|[[National Hockey League]]
|[[FLA Live Arena]]
|
|-
|[[Miami Heat]]
|[[Basketball]]
|1988
|[[National Basketball Association]]
|[[FTX Arena]]
|[[2006 NBA Finals|2006]], [[2012 NBA Finals|2012]], [[2013 NBA Finals|2013]]
|-
|[[Miami Marlins]]
|[[Baseball]]
|1993
|[[Major League Baseball]]
|[[LoanDepot Park]]
|[[1997 World Series|1997]], [[2003 World Series|2003]]
|-
|[[Inter Miami CF]]
|[[Association football|Soccer]]
|2018
|[[Major League Soccer]]
|[[DRV PNK Stadium]]
|
|}
==Beaches and parks==
[[File:Bayfront Park - panoramio (5).jpg|thumb|Bayfront Park]]
The City of Miami has various lands operated by the [[National Park Service]], the Florida Division of Recreation and Parks, and the City of Miami Department of Parks and Recreation.
Miami's tropical weather allows for year-round outdoor activities. The city has numerous marinas, rivers, bays, canals, and the [[Atlantic Ocean]], which make boating, sailing, and fishing popular outdoor activities. Biscayne Bay has numerous [[coral reef]]s that make [[snorkeling]] and [[scuba diving]] popular. There are over 80 parks and gardens in the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamigov.com/cms/parks/15_16.asp |title=Miami parks |publisher=Miamigov.com |access-date=June 27, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820083309/http://www.miamigov.com/cms/parks/15_16.asp |archive-date=August 20, 2008}}</ref> The largest and most popular parks are [[Bayfront Park]] and [[Museum Park (Miami)|Museum Park]] (located in the heart of [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and the location of the [[FTX Arena]] and [[Bayside Marketplace]]), [[Tropical Park]], [[Peacock Park]], [[Virginia Key]], and [[Watson Island]].
Other popular cultural destinations in or near Miami include [[Zoo Miami]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.zoomiami.org/about-the-zoo|title=About Zoo Miami|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> [[Jungle Island]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jungleisland.com/|title=Jungle Island Homepage|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> the [[Miami Seaquarium]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.miamiseaquarium.com/plan-a-visit/about-miami-seaquarium|title=About Miami Seaquarium|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> [[Monkey Jungle]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.monkeyjungle.com/|title=Monkey Jungle homepage|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> [[Coral Castle]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://coralcastle.com/museum-info/|title=Coral Castle Museum Info|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> [[Charles Deering Estate]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deeringestate.org/history/|title=Deering Estate history|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> [[Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden]], and [[Key Biscayne]].
In its 2020 ParkScore ranking, [[The Trust for Public Land]] reported that the park system in the City of Miami was the 64th best park system among the 100 most populous US cities,<ref>[https://parkscore.tpl.org/rankings_advanced.php "ParkScore 2018: Ranking Analysis"]. ''parkscore.tpl.org''. The Trust for Public Land. Retrieved November 8, 2018.</ref> down slightly from 48th place in the 2017 ranking.<ref>[https://parkscore.tpl.org/historic/2017_ParkScoreRank.pdf "ParkScore Rankings 2017"]. ''parkscore.tpl.org''. The Trust for Public Land. Retrieved November 8, 2018.</ref> The City of Miami was analyzed to have a median park size of 2.6 acres, park land as percent of city area of 6.5%, 87% of residents living within a 10-minute walk of a park, $48.39 spending per capita of park services, and 1.3 playgrounds per 10,000 residents.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://parkserve.tpl.org/mapping/pdfs/Miami,%20FL.pdf |title=2021 Parkscore index: Access |publisher=The Trust for Public Land |access-date=August 3, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
==Law and government==
{{Main|Government of the City of Miami}}
The government of the City of Miami uses the [[Mayor-council government|mayor-commissioner]] type of system. The city commission consists of five commissioners that are elected from single member districts. The city commission constitutes the governing body with powers to pass ordinances, adopt regulations, and exercise all powers conferred upon the city in the city charter. The mayor is elected at large and appoints a city manager. The City of Miami is governed by Mayor [[Francis X. Suarez]] and 5 city commissioners that oversee the five districts in the city. The commission's regular meetings are held at [[Miami City Hall]], which is located at 3500 Pan American Drive on [[Dinner Key]] in the neighborhood of [[Coconut Grove, Miami, Florida|Coconut Grove]]. In the [[United States House of Representatives]], Miami is represented by [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Maria Elvira Salazar]] and [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] [[Frederica Wilson]].
[[File:Miami FL Pan Am Bldg city hall02.jpg|thumb|Miami City Hall at [[Dinner Key]] in [[Coconut Grove]]. The city's primary administrative offices are held here.]]
===City Commission===
{{See also|List of mayors of Miami}}
# '''[[Francis X. Suarez]] – Mayor of the City of Miami'''
# '''[[Alex Diaz de la Portilla]] – Miami Commissioner, District 1'''
::[[Allapattah]] and [[Grapeland Heights]]
* '''Ken Russell – Miami Commissioner, District 2'''
::[[Arts & Entertainment District]], [[Brickell]], [[Coconut Grove]], [[Coral Way]], [[Downtown Miami]], [[Edgewater (Miami)|Edgewater]], [[Midtown Miami]], [[Park West (Miami)|Park West]] and the South part [[Upper Eastside]]
* '''[[Joe Carollo]] – Miami Commissioner, District 3'''
::[[Coral Way]], [[Little Havana]] and [[The Roads]]
* '''Manolo Reyes – Miami Commissioner, District 4'''
::[[Coral Way]], [[Flagami]] and [[West Flagler]]
* '''Jeffrey Watson – Miami Commissioner, District 5'''
::[[Buena Vista (Miami)|Buena Vista]], [[Miami Design District|Design District]], [[Liberty City (Miami)|Liberty City]], [[Little Haiti]], [[Little River (Miami)|Little River]], [[Lummus Park Historic District|Lummus Park]], [[Overtown (Miami)|Overtown]], [[Spring Garden (Miami)|Spring Garden]] and [[Wynwood]] and northern part of the [[Upper Eastside]]
* '''Arthur Noriega – City Manager'''
* '''Victoria Méndez – City Attorney'''
* '''Todd B. Hannon – City Clerk'''
==Education==
===Colleges and universities===
[[File:Florida International University.jpg|thumb|[[Florida International University]], with its main campus in nearby [[University Park, Florida|University Park]], is the largest university in [[South Florida]] and the fourth largest university by enrollment size in the [[United States]]. It is also one of Florida's primary research universities.]]
[[File:University of Miami Otto G. Richter Library.jpg|thumb|right|Founded in 1925, the [[University of Miami]] is in nearby [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]]. It is one of the top ranked institutions of higher education in the United States.]]
Miami-Dade County has over 200,000 students enrolled in local colleges and universities, placing it seventh in the nation in per capita university enrollment. In 2010, the city's four largest colleges and universities (MDC, FIU, UM, and Barry) graduated 28,000 students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2012/04/02/2728287/jobs-education-and-miami-dades.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120908025159/http://www.miamiherald.com/2012/04/02/2728287/jobs-education-and-miami-dades.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 8, 2012 |title=Jobs, education and Miami-Dades future |work=The Miami Herald |access-date=April 3, 2012}}</ref>
Miami is also home to both for-profit and nonprofit organizations that offer a range of professional training and other, related educational programs. [[Per Scholas|''Per'' Scholas]], for example is a nonprofit organization that offers free professional certification training directed towards successfully passing [[CompTIA]] A+ and Network+ certification exams as a route to securing jobs and building careers.<ref>{{cite news
|title = Helping Veterans Find Civilian Jobs
|url =https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/11/giving/11VETS.html
|work=The New York Times
|first=Elizabeth
|last=Olson
|date = November 10, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|title=Training Workers for Good Jobs
|url=http://www.perscholas.org/articles/News%20NYT.pdf
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820024613/http://perscholas.org/articles/News%20NYT.pdf
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=August 20, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|title=Building a Career Path Where There Was Just a Dead End
|url=http://www.perscholas.org/articles/Building-a-Career-Path.pdf
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720181355/http://www.perscholas.org/articles/Building-a-Career-Path.pdf
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=July 20, 2008
}}</ref>
Colleges and universities in and around Miami:
# [[Barry University]] (private)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.barry.edu/en/about-barry|title=Why Barry? – Barry University|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref>
# [[Broward College]] (public)
# [[Carlos Albizu University]] (private)
# [[Florida Atlantic University]] (public)
# [[Florida International University]] (public)
# [[Florida Memorial University]] (private)
# [[Keiser University]] (private)
# [[Manchester Business School]] (satellite location, UK public)
# [[Miami Culinary Institute]] (public)
# [[Miami Dade College]] (public)
# [[Miami International University of Art & Design]] (private)
# [[Nova Southeastern University]] (private)
# [[Palm Beach State College]] (public)
# [[St. Thomas University (Florida)|St. Thomas University]] (private)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stu.edu/about-stu/|title=About St. Thomas University|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref>
# [[Southeastern College]] (private)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sec.edu/about/|title=History and Mission of Southeastern College|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref>
# [[Talmudic University]] (private)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://talmudicu.edu/about/|title=About the Yeshiva|access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref>
# [[University of Miami]] (private)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://welcome.miami.edu/about-um/index.html|title=About UM – University of Miami|website=miami.edu|access-date=February 26, 2022}}</ref>
===Primary and secondary schools===
{{Main|Miami-Dade County Public Schools}}
[[File:Miami Senior High School July 2013.jpg|thumb|300px|right|[[Miami Senior High School]], founded in 1903, is Miami's first high school]]
Public schools in Miami are governed by [[Miami-Dade County Public Schools]], which is the largest school district in Florida and the fourth-largest in the United States. As of September 2008 it has a student enrollment of 385,655 and over 392 schools and centers. The district is also the largest minority public school system in the country, with 60% of its students being of Hispanic origin, 28% [[African American|Black]] or [[West Indian American]], 10% [[White American|White (non-Hispanic)]] and 2% non-white of other minorities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.broadprize.org/2007Miami-DadeBrief.pdf|title=Miami-Dade County Public Schools|publisher=The Broad Foundation|access-date=April 18, 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080413172813/http://www.broadprize.org/2007Miami-DadeBrief.pdf <!-- Bot retrieved archive -->|archive-date = April 13, 2008}}</ref>
Miami is home to some of the nation's best high schools, such as [[Design and Architecture High School]], ranked the nation's best [[magnet school]], [[MAST Academy]], [[Coral Reef High School]], ranked 20th-best public high school in the U.S., [[Miami Palmetto High School]], and the [[New World School of the Arts]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.usnews.com/articles/education/high-schools/2007/11/29/gold-medal-schools.html |title=Gold Medal Schools|magazine=[[US News and World Report]]|access-date=April 18, 2008|date=November 12, 2007}}</ref> M-DCPS is also one of a few public school districts in the United States to offer optional [[bilingual education]] in Spanish, French, German, [[Haitian Creole]], and [[Standard Chinese|Mandarin Chinese]].
Miami is home to several well-known Roman Catholic, Jewish and non-denominational private schools. The [[Archdiocese of Miami]] operates the city's Catholic private schools, which include St. Hugh Catholic School, St. Agatha Catholic School, [[St. Theresa School (Coral Gables, Florida)|St. Theresa School]], [[Immaculata-Lasalle High School]], [[Monsignor Edward Pace High School]], [[Archbishop Curley-Notre Dame High School]], [[St. Brendan High School]], among numerous other Catholic elementary and high schools.
Catholic preparatory schools operated by religious orders are [[Belen Jesuit Preparatory School]] and [[Christopher Columbus High School (Miami, Florida)|Christopher Columbus High School]] for boys and [[Carrollton School of the Sacred Heart]] and [[Our Lady of Lourdes Academy]] for girls.
Non-denominational private schools in Miami are [[Ransom Everglades School|Ransom Everglades]], [[Gulliver Preparatory School]], and [[Miami Country Day School]]. Other schools in the area include [[Samuel Scheck Hillel Community Day School]], [[Dade Christian School]], [[Palmer Trinity School]], [[Westminster Christian School (Florida)|Westminster Christian School]], and [[Riviera Schools]].
===Supplementary education===
The [[Miami Hoshuko]], is a [[hoshuko|part-time Japanese school]] for Japanese citizens and ethnic Japanese people in the area. Previously it was located on [[Virginia Key]], at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ortega|first=Cristina M.|title=Lessons to bridge cultural differences|newspaper=[[Miami Herald]]|place=[[Miami, Florida]]|date=1997-02-16|pages=1, 18-19}} - [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94336390/ Clipping of first] and [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94336404/ of second and third pages] from [[Newspapers.com]].</ref> Currently the school holds classes in [[Westchester, Florida|Westchester]] and has offices in [[Doral, Florida|Doral]].<ref name=Miamihoshu>"[http://www.miamihoshuko.org/ ホーム]" ("Home"). Miami Hoshuko. Retrieved on April 30, 2014. "借用校・校舎 Iglesia Bautisita de Coral Park 8755 SW 16 Street Miami, FL. 33165" and "補習校事務所 Miami Hoshuko, INC. 3403 NW 82 Ave, Suite 340 Miami, FL. 33122" - Compare to: [http://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/dc10map/GUBlock/st12_fl/place/p1276075_westchester/DC10BLK_P1276075_001.pdf Westchester map] and [https://www.cityofdoral.com/_entity/sharepointdocumentlocation/5d346b1f-9372-ea11-a811-001dd8018866?file=attachment-city-of-doral-stormwater-vulnerability-study.pdf Doral map on page 4/47 of this document]</ref>
==Media==
{{main|Media in Miami}}
{{see also|List of newspapers in Florida|List of radio stations in Florida|List of television stations in Florida}}
[[File:Miami Herald building.jpg|thumb|Former headquarters of the ''[[Miami Herald]]'']]
Miami has one of the largest television markets in the nation and the second largest in the state of Florida after [[Tampa Bay area|Tampa Bay]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf|title=Local Television Market Universe Estimates|publisher=nielsen|access-date=January 6, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110317170600/http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf|archive-date=March 17, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Miami has several major newspapers, the main and largest newspaper being ''[[The Miami Herald]]''. ''[[El Nuevo Herald]]'' is the major and largest Spanish-language newspaper. ''The Miami Herald'' and ''El Nuevo Herald'' are Miami's and South Florida's main, major and largest newspapers. The papers left their longtime home in downtown Miami in 2013. The newspapers are now headquartered at the former home of [[U.S. Southern Command]] in [[Doral, Florida|Doral]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://miami.cbslocal.com/2013/05/16/its-moving-day-for-miami-herald-staff-reporters/ | publisher=CBSMiami |title=It's Moving Day for Miami Herald Staff, Reporters | date=May 16, 2013 | access-date=July 28, 2013}}</ref>
Other major newspapers include ''[[Miami Today]]'', headquartered in Brickell, ''[[Miami New Times]]'', headquartered in [[Midtown Miami|Midtown]], ''Miami Sun Post'', ''[[South Florida Business Journal]]'', ''Miami Times'', and ''Biscayne Boulevard Times''. An additional Spanish-language newspapers, ''Diario Las Americas'' also serve Miami. ''The Miami Herald'' is Miami's primary newspaper with over a million readers and is headquartered in Downtown in Herald Plaza. Several other student newspapers from the local universities, such as the oldest, the [[University of Miami]]'s ''[[The Miami Hurricane]]'', [[Florida International University]]'s ''[[The Beacon (Florida International University)|The Beacon]]'', [[Miami-Dade College]]'s ''The Metropolis'', [[Barry University]]'s ''The Buccaneer'', amongst others. Many neighborhoods and neighboring areas also have their own local newspapers such as the ''Aventura News'', ''Coral Gables Tribune'', ''Biscayne Bay Tribune'', and the ''Palmetto Bay News''.
A number of magazines circulate throughout the greater Miami area, including ''[[Miami Monthly]]'', Southeast Florida's only city/regional; ''Ocean Drive'', a hot-spot social scene glossy; and ''South Florida Business Leader.''
Miami is also the headquarters and main production city of many of the world's largest television networks, [[record label]] companies, broadcasting companies and production facilities, such as [[Telemundo]], [[Univision]], [[Univision Communications]], [[Mega TV (American TV network)|Mega TV]], [[Universal Music Latin Entertainment]], [[RCTV International]] and [[Sunbeam Television]]. In 2009, Univision announced plans to build a new production studio in Miami, dubbed Univision Studios. Univision Studios is currently headquartered in Miami, and will produce programming for all of Univision Communications' television networks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/home/permalink/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20091207005550&newsLang=en|title=Univision Announces Launch of Univision Studios|publisher=Business Wire|date=December 7, 2009|access-date=October 30, 2010}}</ref>
Miami is the twelfth largest radio market<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/#radio |title=Top 50 Radio Markets Ranked By Metro 12+ Population, Spring 2005 |publisher=Northwestern University Media Management Center |access-date=April 20, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080419055254/http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/ |archive-date=April 19, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the seventeenth largest television market<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/#tv |title=Top 50 TV markets ranked by households |publisher=Northwestern University Media Management Center |access-date=April 20, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080419055254/http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/ |archive-date=April 19, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> in the United States. Television stations serving the Miami area include [[WAMI-TV|WAMI]] ([[UniMás]]), [[WBFS-TV|WBFS]] ([[MyNetworkTV]]), [[WSFL-TV|WSFL]] ([[The CW]]), [[WFOR-TV|WFOR]] ([[CBS]] [[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]]), [[WHFT]] ([[Trinity Broadcasting Network|TBN]]), [[WLTV]] ([[Univision]]), [[WPLG]] ([[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]), [[WPXM]] ([[i television network|Ion]]), [[WSCV]] ([[Telemundo]]), [[WSVN]] ([[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]]), [[WTVJ]] ([[NBC]] O&O), [[WPBT]] ([[PBS]]), and [[WLRN-TV|WLRN]] (also PBS).
==Transportation==
{{Main|Transportation in South Florida}}
According to the 2016 [[American Community Survey]], 72.3% of working city of Miami residents commuted by driving alone, 8.7% carpooled, 9% used public transportation, and 3.7% walked. About 1.8% used all other forms of transportation, including taxicab, motorcycle, and bicycle. About 4.5% of working city of Miami residents worked at home.<ref name = transittable>{{cite web|publisher=Census Reporter|title= Means of Transportation to Work by Age|url=https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B08101&geo_ids=16000US1245000&primary_geo_id=16000US1245000 |url-status=dead|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20180519033026/https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B08101&geo_ids=16000US1245000&primary_geo_id=16000US1245000 |archive-date = May 19, 2018}}</ref> In 2015, 19.9% of city of Miami households were without a car, which decreased to 18.6% in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Miami averaged 1.24 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8 per household.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Car Ownership in U.S. Cities Data and Map|journal=Governing|date=December 9, 2014|url=http://www.governing.com/gov-data/car-ownership-numbers-of-vehicles-by-city-map.html|access-date=May 18, 2018}}</ref>
===Expressways and roads===
[[File:Venetian Causeway South Beach.jpg|upright=2|thumb|The [[Venetian Causeway]] (left) and [[MacArthur Causeway]] (right) connect [[Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[South Beach]], [[Miami Beach]].]]
[[File:A306, Skyline at twilight, Miami, Florida, USA, 2010.JPG|thumb|[[Florida State Road 886|State Road 886]] (Port Boulevard) connects downtown and [[PortMiami]] by bridge over [[Biscayne Bay]].]]
Miami's road system is based along the numerical Miami grid where [[Flagler Street]] forms the east–west [[Baseline (surveying)|baseline]] and [[Miami Avenue]] forms the north–south [[Meridian (geography)|meridian]]. The corner of Flagler Street and Miami Avenue is in the middle of Downtown in front of the Downtown [[Macy's]] (formerly the [[Burdine's]] headquarters). The Miami grid is primarily numerical so that, for example, all street addresses north of Flagler Street and west of Miami Avenue have "NW" in their address. Because its point of origin is in Downtown, which is close to the coast, the "NW" and "SW" quadrants are much larger than the "SE" and "NE" quadrants. Many roads, especially major ones, are also named (e.g., [[Tamiami Trail|Tamiami Trail/SW 8th St]]), although, with exceptions, the number is in more common usage among locals.
With few exceptions, within this grid north–south roads are designated as Courts, Roads, Avenues or Places (often remembered by their acronym), while east–west roads are Streets, Terraces, Drives or occasionally Ways. Major roads in each direction are located at one mile intervals. There are 16 [[City block|blocks]] to each mile on north–south avenues, and 10 blocks to each mile on east–west streets. Major north–south avenues generally end in "7" – e.g., 17th, 27th, 37th/Douglas Aves., 57th/Red Rd., 67th/Ludlam, 87th/Galloway, etc., all the way west beyond 177th/Krome Avenue. (One prominent exception is 42nd Avenue, LeJeune Road, located at the half-mile point instead.) Major east–west streets to the south of downtown are multiples of 16, though the beginning point of this system is at SW 8th St, one half mile south of Flagler ("zeroth") Street. Thus, major streets are at 8th St., 24th St./Coral Way, 40th St./Bird, 56th/Miller, 72nd/ Sunset, 88th/N. Kendall, 104th (originally S. Kendall), 120th/Montgomery, 136th/Howard, 152nd/Coral Reef, 168th/Richmond, 184th/Eureka, 200th/Quail Roost, 216th/Hainlin Mill, 232nd/Silver Palm, 248th/Coconut Palm, etc., well into the 300s. Within the grid, odd-numbered addresses are generally on the north or east side, and even-numbered addresses are on the south or west side.
All streets and avenues in [[Miami-Dade County]] follow the Miami grid, with a few exceptions, most notably in [[Coral Gables]], [[Hialeah]], Coconut Grove and [[Miami Beach]]. One neighborhood, [[The Roads]], is named as such because its streets run off the Miami grid at a 45-degree angle, and therefore are all named roads.
[[Miami-Dade County]] is served by four Interstate Highways ([[Interstate 75 (Florida)|I-75]], [[Interstate 95 in Florida|I-95]], [[Interstate 195 (Florida)|I-195]], [[Interstate 395 (Florida)|I-395]]) and several U.S. Highways including [[U.S. Route 1 (Florida)|U.S. Route 1]], [[U.S. Route 27 (Florida)|U.S. Route 27]], [[U.S. Route 41 (Florida)|U.S. Route 41]], and [[U.S. Route 441 (Florida)|U.S. Route 441]].
Some of the major [[Florida State Roads]] (and their common names) serving Miami are:<!--these don't all serve Miami!-->
* [[State Road 112 (Florida)|SR 112]] (Airport Expressway): [[Interstate 95 in Florida|Interstate 95]] to [[Miami International Airport|MIA]]
* [[Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike]] (SR 821): [[Florida's Turnpike]] mainline (SR 91)/[[Miami Gardens, Florida|Miami Gardens]] to [[U.S. Route 1 (Florida)|U.S. Route 1]]/[[Florida City, Florida|Florida City]]
* [[State Road 826 (Florida)|SR 826]] (Palmetto Expressway): [[Golden Glades Interchange]] to U.S. Route 1/[[Pinecrest, Florida|Pinecrest]]
* [[State Road 836 (Florida)|SR 836]] (Dolphin Expressway): Downtown to SW 137th Ave via [[Miami International Airport|MIA]]
* [[State Road 874 (Florida)|SR 874]] (Don Shula Expressway): 826/Bird Road to Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike/[[Kendall, Florida|Kendall]]
* [[State Road 878 (Florida)|SR 878]] (Snapper Creek Expressway): SR 874/[[Kendall, Florida|Kendall]] to U.S. Route 1/Pinecrest & [[South Miami, Florida|South Miami]]
* [[State Road 924 (Florida)|SR 924]] (Gratigny Parkway) [[Miami Lakes, Florida|Miami Lakes]] to [[Opa-locka, Florida|Opa-locka]]
<div style="float:right;" class="center">
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!colspan=3|Miami Causeways
|-
! Name
! Termini
! Year built
|-
|[[Rickenbacker Causeway]]
|[[Brickell]] and [[Key Biscayne, Florida|Key Biscayne]]
|1947
|-
|[[Venetian Causeway]]
|[[Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[South Beach]]
|1912–1925
|-
|[[MacArthur Causeway]]
|[[Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[South Beach]]
|1920
|-
|[[Julia Tuttle Causeway]]
|[[Wynwood, Miami, Florida|Wynwood]]/[[Edgewater, Miami, Florida|Edgewater]] and [[Miami Beach]]
|1959
|-
|[[Florida State Road 934|79th Street Causeway]]
|[[Upper Eastside, Miami, Florida|Upper East Side]] and [[North Beach (Miami Beach)|North Beach]]
|1929
|-
|[[Broad Causeway]]
|[[North Miami, Florida|North Miami]] and [[Bal Harbour, Florida|Bal Harbour]]
|1951
|}
</div>
Miami has six major [[causeway]]s that span over Biscayne Bay connecting the western mainland, with the eastern barrier islands along the Atlantic Ocean. The [[Rickenbacker Causeway]] is the southernmost causeway and connects Brickell to [[Virginia Key]] and [[Key Biscayne, Florida|Key Biscayne]]. The [[Venetian Causeway]] and [[MacArthur Causeway]] connect [[Downtown Miami|Downtown]] with [[South Beach]]. The [[Julia Tuttle Causeway]] connects [[Midtown Miami|Midtown]] and [[Miami Beach]]. The [[Florida State Road 934|79th Street Causeway]] connects the [[Upper Eastside, Miami, Florida|Upper East Side]] with [[North Beach (Miami Beach)|North Beach]]. The northernmost causeway, the [[Broad Causeway]], is the smallest of Miami's six causeways and connects [[North Miami, Florida|North Miami]] to [[Bay Harbor Islands]] and [[Bal Harbour, Florida|Bal Harbour]].
In 2007, Miami was identified as having the rudest drivers in the United States, the second year in a row to have been cited, in a poll commissioned by automobile club AutoVantage.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/lifestyleMolt/idUSL1413867020070515|title=Miami drivers named the rudest|work=Reuters|last=Reaney|first=Patricia|date=May 15, 2007|access-date=September 2, 2007}}</ref> Miami is also consistently ranked as one of the most dangerous cities in the United States for pedestrians.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/12/02/national/main658846.shtml|title=Dangerous Pedestrian Cities|agency=Associated Press|date=December 2, 2004|access-date=September 2, 2007|work=CBS News}}</ref>
===Public transportation===
{{Main|Miami-Dade Transit}}
[[File:Miami Metrorail Hitachi train 20190117.jpg|thumb|The [[Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)|Metrorail]] is the city's [[rapid transit]] system and connects the city's central core with its outlying suburbs.]]
[[File:Tri Rail 616 Opa-locka Station (8439701464).jpg|thumb|right|[[Tri-Rail]] is Miami's [[commuter rail]] that runs north–south from Miami's suburbs in [[West Palm Beach]] to [[Miami International Airport]].]]
[[Public transportation]] in Miami is operated by [[Miami-Dade Transit]] and [[South Florida Regional Transportation Authority|SFRTA]], and includes [[commuter rail]] ([[Tri-Rail]]), heavy-rail [[rapid transit]] ([[Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)|Metrorail]]), an elevated [[people mover]] ([[Metromover]]), and buses ([[Miami-Dade Transit#Metrobus|Metrobus]]). Miami has Florida's highest transit ridership as about 17% of Miamians use transit on a daily basis.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/acs/www/|title=American Community Survey|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 27, 2009}}</ref> The average Miami public transit commute on weekdays is 90 minutes, while 39% of public transit riders commute for more than 2 hours a day. The average wait time at a public transit stop or station is 18 minutes, while 37% of riders wait for more than 20 minutes on average every day. The average single trip distance with public transit is {{convert|7.46|mi|km|0|abbr=on}}, while 38% travel more than {{convert|8.08|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} in each direction.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_USA_Miami_FL-742|title=Facts and usage statistics about public transit in Miami, US|publisher=Global Public Transit Index by Moovit|access-date=June 19, 2017}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50x50px]] Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [[creativecommons:by/4.0/|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]].</ref>
Miami's heavy-rail rapid transit system, [[Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)|Metrorail]], is an elevated system comprising two lines and 23 stations on a {{convert|24.4|mi|km|adj=on}}-long line. Metrorail connects the urban western suburbs of [[Hialeah, Florida|Hialeah]], [[Medley, Florida|Medley]], and inner-city Miami with suburban [[The Roads]], [[Coconut Grove]], [[Coral Gables]], [[South Miami]] and urban [[Kendall, Florida|Kendall]] via the central business districts of [[Miami International Airport]], the [[Civic Center (Miami)|Civic Center]], and Downtown. A free, elevated [[people mover]], [[Metromover]], operates 21 stations on three different lines in greater Downtown Miami, with a station at roughly every two blocks of Downtown and Brickell. Several expansion projects are being funded by a transit development sales tax surcharge throughout Miami-Dade County.
[[Tri-Rail]], a commuter rail system operated by the [[South Florida Regional Transportation Authority]] (SFRTA), runs from [[Miami International Airport]] northward to [[West Palm Beach, Florida|West Palm Beach]], making eighteen stops throughout [[Miami-Dade County|Miami-Dade]], [[Broward County|Broward]], and [[Palm Beach County|Palm Beach]] counties.
The [[Miami Intermodal Center]] is a massive transportation hub servicing [[Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)|Metrorail]], [[Amtrak]], [[Tri-Rail]], [[Miami-Dade Transit#Metrobus|Metrobus]], [[Greyhound Lines]], [[Taxicab|taxis]], [[rental cars]], [[MIA Mover]], private automobiles, bicycles and pedestrians adjacent to Miami International Airport. Miami Intermodal Center was completed in 2010, and is serving about 150,000 commuters and travelers in the Miami area. Phase I of [[MiamiCentral]] Station was completed in 2012, and the Tri-Rail part of Phase II was completed in 2015, but the construction of the Amtrak part remains delayed.
Two new light rail systems, Baylink and the Miami Streetcar, have been proposed and are currently in the planning stage. BayLink would connect Downtown with [[South Beach]], and the Miami Streetcar would connect Downtown with [[Midtown Miami|Midtown]].
Miami is the southern terminus of [[Amtrak]]'s Atlantic Coast services, running two lines, the [[Silver Meteor]] and the [[Silver Star (Amtrak train)|Silver Star]], both terminating in New York City. The Miami Amtrak Station is located in the suburb of [[Hialeah]] near the [[Tri-Rail and Metrorail transfer station|Tri-Rail/Metrorail Station]] on NW 79 St and NW 38 Ave. Current construction of the Miami Central Station will move all Amtrak operations from its current out-of-the-way location to a centralized location with [[Miami Metrorail|Metrorail]], [[MIA Mover]], [[Tri-Rail]], [[Miami International Airport]], and the [[Miami Intermodal Center]] all within the same station closer to Downtown. The station was expected to be completed by 2012,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.micdot.com/miami_central_station.html |website=Miami Intermodal Center|title = Projects: Miami Central Station|publisher=Micdot.com|access-date=October 30, 2010}}</ref> but experienced several delays and was later expected to be completed in late 2014,<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/05/25/4137303/miami-airport-transit-hub-on-the.html |title=Miami airport transit hub on the way to bringing planes, trains, automobiles under one roof|newspaper=Miami Herald|access-date=August 28, 2014}}</ref> again pushed back to early 2015.<ref name="MICjanuary">{{cite web|url= http://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/broward/fl-tri-rail-miami-airport-20141015-story.html|title=Tri-Rail station at Miami airport delayed until January|author=Turnbell, Michael|work=Sun Sentinel|date=October 15, 2014|access-date=October 30, 2014}}</ref>
===Airports===
[[Miami International Airport]] serves as the primary international airport of the Greater Miami Area. One of the busiest international airports in the world, Miami International Airport caters to over 45 million passengers a year. The airport is a major hub and the largest international gateway for [[American Airlines]]. Miami International is the second busiest airport by passenger traffic in Florida, the United States' third-largest international port of entry for foreign air passengers behind New York's [[John F. Kennedy International Airport]] and [[Los Angeles International Airport]]. The airport's extensive international route network includes non-stop flights to over seventy international cities in North and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
Alternatively, nearby [[Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport]] also serves commercial traffic in the Miami area.<ref>"[http://www.southwest.com/travel_center/routemap.html Southwest Airlines Cities]." ''[[Southwest Airlines]]''. Retrieved October 30, 2008.</ref> [[Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport]] in [[Opa-locka, Florida|Opa-locka]] and [[Miami Executive Airport]] in an unincorporated area southwest of Miami serve general aviation traffic in the Miami area.
===Cycling and walking===
The city government under former mayor [[Manny Diaz (Florida politician)|Manny Diaz]] took an ambitious stance in support of [[bicycling]] in Miami for both recreation and commuting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/1460/story/1263994.html|title=Cycling and walking|publisher=Miami Herald|website=miamiherald.com|access-date=October 7, 2009}}</ref>
In 2010, Miami was ranked as the 44th-most bike-friendly city in the US according to ''[[Bicycling Magazine]]''.<ref>{{cite news|author=South Florida Business Journal|url=http://southflorida.bizjournals.com/southflorida/stories/2010/04/05/daily16.html|title=Miami becoming more bike friendly | South Florida Business Journal|publisher=Southflorida.bizjournals.com|date= April 6, 2010|access-date=October 30, 2010}}</ref>
A 2011 study by [[Walk Score]] ranked Miami the eighth-most walkable of the fifty largest cities in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.walkscore.com/rankings/cities/|title=2011 City and Neighborhood Rankings|publisher=Walk Score|year=2011|access-date=August 28, 2011}}</ref>
==International relations==
{{See also|List of sister cities in Florida}}
===Sister cities===
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Barranquilla]], Colombia (since 2015)<ref name="sister2">{{cite web |url=https://www.elheraldo.co/barranquilla/alcaldesa-noguera-firma-convenio-de-hermandad-con-miami-197628|title=Mayor Noguera signs a sisterhood agreement with Miami (Spanish) |publisher=El Heraldo |access-date =May 24, 2020}}</ref>
* [[Bogotá]], Colombia (since 1971)<ref name=sister>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/MIC/pages/SisterCities/default.asp |title=Mayor's International Council Sister Cities Program |publisher=City of Miami |access-date =July 13, 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070526222509/http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/MIC/pages/SisterCities/default.asp <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = May 26, 2007}}</ref>
* [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina (since 1979)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Kagoshima]], Japan (since 1990)<ref name=sister/><ref name="Kagoshima twinnings">{{cite web |url=http://www.city.kagoshima.lg.jp/_1010/shimin/7siseijouhou/7-8kouryu/7-8-1simaitosi.html |script-title=ja:姉妹・友好・兄弟都市 |trans-title= Sister cities |publisher=Kagoshima International Affairs Division |language=ja |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602195754/http://www.city.kagoshima.lg.jp/_1010/shimin/7siseijouhou/7-8kouryu/7-8-1simaitosi.html |archive-date=June 2, 2013 |access-date=August 8, 2013}}</ref>
* [[Lima]], Peru (since 1977)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Madrid]], Spain (since 2014)<ref name=sister/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2014/06/23/madrid-and-miami-sign-up-as-twin-towns/ |title=Madrid and Miami sign up as twin towns |publisher=latino foxnews |date=June 23, 2014 |access-date=July 13, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714213930/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2014/06/23/madrid-and-miami-sign-up-as-twin-towns/ | archive-date=July 14, 2014 }}</ref>
* [[Palermo]], Italy (since 1997)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sister-cities.org/sites/default/files/Miami,%20FL-Palermo,%20Italy.pdf |title=Sister Cities:Miami Florida, Palermo Italy |access-date=February 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402143701/http://sister-cities.org/sites/default/files/Miami%2C%20FL-Palermo%2C%20Italy.pdf |archive-date=April 2, 2015}}</ref>
* [[San Salvador]], El Salvador (since 1991)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Qingdao]], China (since 2005)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador da Bahia]], Brazil (since 2006)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]], Chile (since 1986)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Santo Domingo]], Dominican Republic (since 1987)<ref name=sister/>
* [[Southampton]], United Kingdom (since 2019)<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.southampton.gov.uk/news/article.aspx?id=tcm:63-412460 | title=Southampton and Miami, Florida become sister cities at ceremonial signing event | publisher=Southampton City Council |access-date=June 14, 2019}}</ref>
{{div col end}}
===Cooperation agreements===
* [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anmp.pt/anmp/pro/mun1/gem101l0.php?cod_ent=M1100 |title=Lisboa – Geminações de Cidades e Vilas |access-date=August 23, 2013 |publisher=Associação Nacional de Municípios Portugueses [National Association of Portuguese Municipalities] |language=pt|trans-title=Lisbon – Twinning of Cities and Towns}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais |title=Acordos de Geminação, de Cooperação e/ou Amizade da Cidade de Lisboa |access-date=August 23, 2013 |publisher=Camara Municipal de Lisboa |language=pt|trans-title=Lisbon – Twinning Agreements, Cooperation and Friendship |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031202617/http://www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais |archive-date=October 31, 2013}}</ref>
* [[Yeruham]], [[Israel]]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://jewishmiami.org/about/departments/israel_overseas/miami-yerucham_partnership/?mobile=1 | title=Miami-Yerucham Partnership | publisher=Greater Miami Jewish Federation |access-date=January 7, 2018}}</ref>
==See also==
* [[Architecture of Miami]]
* [[List of people from Miami]]
* [[Miami Fire-Rescue Department]]
* [[Miami Police Department]]
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami]]
* [[Port Miami Tunnel]]
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
* Elizabeth M. Aranda, Sallie Hughes, and Elena Sabogal, ''Making a Life in Multiethnic Miami: Immigration and the Rise of a Global City.'' Boulder, Colorado: Renner, 2014.
==External links==
{{Sister project links|Miami|voy=Miami}}
* [http://www.miamigov.com/ City of Miami – Official Site]
* [http://www.gmcvb.com Greater Miami Convention and Visitors Bureau]
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[[Category:Miami| ]]
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Florida, United States</div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city in Florida. For other uses, see <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Miami (disambiguation)">Miami (disambiguation)</a>.</div>
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<div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in the United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066479718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Miami, Florida</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Florida" title="List of municipalities in Florida">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_collage_20110330.jpg" class="image" title="From top, left to right: Downtown, Freedom Tower, Villa Vizcaya, Miami Tower, Virginia Key Beach, Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts, FTX Arena, PortMiami, Miami Skyline at Night"><img alt="From top, left to right: Downtown, Freedom Tower, Villa Vizcaya, Miami Tower, Virginia Key Beach, Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts, FTX Arena, PortMiami, Miami Skyline at Night" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Miami_collage_20110330.jpg/300px-Miami_collage_20110330.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="410" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Miami_collage_20110330.jpg/450px-Miami_collage_20110330.jpg 1.5x, 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Night</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style>
<div class="ib-settlement-cols">
<div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Flag_of_Miami,_Florida.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Miami, Florida"><img alt="Flag of Miami, Florida" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg/100px-Flag_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg/150px-Flag_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg/200px-Flag_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="772" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Seal_of_Miami,_Florida.svg" class="image" title="Official seal of Miami, Florida"><img alt="Official seal of Miami, Florida" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg/100px-Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg/150px-Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg/200px-Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1370" data-file-height="1370" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nicknames: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><i>Magic City</i>, <i>The Gateway to the Americas</i>, <i>Capital of Latin America</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-time.com_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time.com-1">[1]</a></sup> and <i>Vice City</i></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 290px; height: 270px;" data-mw="interface" data-style="osm-tegola" data-width="290" data-height="270" data-zoom="10" data-lat="25.7751" data-lon="-80.2167" data-overlays="["_4352ed0a54b578313e7deeb588cfe155b4923bc5"]" href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:Map/10/25.7751/-80.2167/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-tegola,10,25.7751,-80.2167,290x270.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Miami&groups=_4352ed0a54b578313e7deeb588cfe155b4923bc5" alt="" width="290" height="270" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-tegola,10,25.7751,-80.2167,290x270@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Miami&groups=_4352ed0a54b578313e7deeb588cfe155b4923bc5 2x" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Interactive map outlining Miami</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r997900035">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:290px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:290px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:290px"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:USA_Florida_relief_location_map.jpg" class="image" title="Miami is located in Florida"><img alt="Miami is located in Florida" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/USA_Florida_relief_location_map.jpg/290px-USA_Florida_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="281" class="notpageimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/USA_Florida_relief_location_map.jpg/435px-USA_Florida_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/USA_Florida_relief_location_map.jpg/580px-USA_Florida_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1132" data-file-height="1096" /></a><div class="od" style="top:78.621%;left:94.924%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Miami" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Miami" width="6" height="6" class="notpageimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:4px"><div>Miami</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within the state of Florida</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Florida</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r997900035"/><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:290px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:290px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:290px"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" class="image" title="Miami is located in the United States"><img alt="Miami is located in the United States" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/290px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="180" class="notpageimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/435px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/580px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a><div class="od" style="top:90.326%;left:81.08%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Miami" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Miami" width="6" height="6" class="notpageimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:4px"><div>Miami</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within the United States</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r997900035"/><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:290px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:290px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:290px"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" class="image" title="Miami is located in North America"><img alt="Miami is located in North America" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/290px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="291" class="notpageimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/435px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/580px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1185" /></a><div class="od" style="top:73.463%;left:71.75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Miami" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Miami" width="6" height="6" class="notpageimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:4px"><div>Miami</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within North America</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of North America</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1073938472">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="/enwiki//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Miami&params=25.775163_N_80.208615_W_region:US-FL_type:city"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°46′31″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°12′31″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.775163°N 80.208615°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.775163; -80.208615</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1073938472"/><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="/enwiki//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Miami&params=25.775163_N_80.208615_W_region:US-FL_type:city"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°46′31″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°12′31″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.775163°N 80.208615°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.775163; -80.208615</span></span></span></a></span></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/35px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/45px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> </span><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">Constituent counties</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Florida" title="List of counties in Florida">County</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Miami-Dade_County%2C_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Miami-Dade_County%2C_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Miami-Dade_County%2C_Florida.svg/35px-Flag_of_Miami-Dade_County%2C_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Miami-Dade_County%2C_Florida.svg/45px-Flag_of_Miami-Dade_County%2C_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="353" data-file-height="236" /></span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Miami-Dade County, Florida">Miami-Dade</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of regions of the United States">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Atlantic_states" title="South Atlantic states">South Atlantic</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settled</th><td class="infobox-data">After 1858<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[a]</a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">Incorporated</a></th><td class="infobox-data">July 28, 1896</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Julia_Tuttle" title="Julia Tuttle">Julia Tuttle</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named for</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mayaimi" title="Mayaimi">Mayaimi</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council_government" title="Mayor–council government">Mayor–Commission</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Miami" title="List of mayors of Miami">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Francis_X._Suarez" title="Francis X. Suarez">Francis X. Suarez</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-CenPopGazetteer2020_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2020-7">[6]</a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">56.07 sq mi (145.23 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">36.00 sq mi (93.23 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">20.08 sq mi (52.00 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">6,137 sq mi (15,890 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">6 ft (1.8 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">42 ft (12.8 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020</a>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">467,968<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">44th</a> in the United States<br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Florida" title="List of municipalities in Florida">2nd</a> in Florida</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">12,285.84/sq mi (4,743.63/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-2020Pop_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020Pop-8">[7]</a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">6,138,333 (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_statistical_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of metropolitan statistical areas">8th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Miamian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9205:00" title="UTC−05:00">UTC−05:00</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">EST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9204:00" title="UTC−04:00">UTC−04:00</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ZIP_Code" title="ZIP Code">ZIP Codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">33010–33299</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Area_codes_305_and_786" title="Area codes 305 and 786">305 and 786</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Federal_Information_Processing_Standards" title="Federal Information Processing Standards">FIPS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">12-45000</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">GNIS</a> feature ID</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/summary/277593">277593</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/summary/2411786">2411786</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major airports</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami International Airport</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale%E2%80%93Hollywood_International_Airport" title="Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport">Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Beach_International_Airport" title="Palm Beach International Airport">Palm Beach International Airport</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">Commuter rail</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tri-Rail" title="Tri-Rail">Tri-Rail</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brightline" title="Brightline">Brightline</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metrorail_(Miami-Dade_County)" title="Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)"><img alt="MDTMetro.svg" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/MDTMetro.svg/40px-MDTMetro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="35" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/MDTMetro.svg/60px-MDTMetro.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/MDTMetro.svg/80px-MDTMetro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="380" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</a> (City, 2019)</th><td class="infobox-data">$151 billion<sup id="cite_ref-bea.gov_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bea.gov-9">[8]</a></sup> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_US_counties_with_GDP_over_100_billion_USD" title="List of US counties with GDP over 100 billion USD">14th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gross_metropolitan_product" title="Gross metropolitan product">GMP</a> (Metro, 2020)</th><td class="infobox-data">$377.5 billion<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a></sup> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_U.S._metropolitan_areas_by_GDP" title="List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP">12th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.miamigov.com/Home">miamigov.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Miami</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span>), officially the <b>City of Miami</b>, is a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coast" title="Coast"><i>coastal</i></a> metropolis located in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Miami-Dade County, Florida">Miami-Dade County</a> in southeastern <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>). With a population of 467,968 as of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-QuickFacts_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-12">[11]</a></sup> it is the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Florida" title="List of municipalities in Florida">second-most populous city in Florida</a>, eleventh-most populous city in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeast</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">44th-most populous city in the United States</a>. Miami is the core of the nation's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_metropolitan_area" title="Miami metropolitan area">eighth-largest metropolitan area</a> with 6,138,333 people.<sup id="cite_ref-2020Pop_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020Pop-8">[7]</a></sup> The city has the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_the_United_States#Cities_with_the_most_skyscrapers" title="List of tallest buildings in the United States">third-largest skyline</a> in the U.S. with over <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Miami" title="List of tallest buildings in Miami">300 high-rises</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a></sup> 58 of which exceed 491 ft (150 m).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami is a major center and leader in finance, commerce, culture, arts, and international trade.<sup id="cite_ref-GAWC_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GAWC-15">[14]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a></sup> The metro area is by far the largest urban economy in Florida and the 12th largest in the United States, with a GDP of $344.9 billion as of 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-bea.gov1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bea.gov1-17">[16]</a></sup> In 2020, Miami was classified as a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Globalization_and_World_Cities_Research_Network" title="Globalization and World Cities Research Network">Beta + level</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Global_city" title="Global city">global city</a> by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Globalization_and_World_Cities_Research_Network" title="Globalization and World Cities Research Network">GaWC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a></sup> In 2019, Miami ranked seventh in the United States and 31st among global cities in business activity, human capital, information exchange, cultural experience, and political engagement.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a></sup> According to a 2018 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/UBS" title="UBS">UBS</a> study of 77 world cities, the city was ranked as the third-richest in the world and the second-richest in the United States in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Purchasing_power" title="Purchasing power">purchasing power</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a></sup> Miami is one of the largest <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Majority_minority_in_the_United_States" title="Majority minority in the United States">majority-minority</a> cities in the United States and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_U.S._cities_with_large_Hispanic_populations" title="List of U.S. cities with large Hispanic populations">the fourth-largest majority-Hispanic city</a> in the United States, with 70.2% of its population being Hispanic in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-2020Hispanic_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020Hispanic-21">[20]</a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Downtown_Miami" title="Greater Downtown Miami">Greater Downtown Miami</a> has one of the largest concentrations of international banks in the United States, and is home to many large national and international companies.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a></sup> The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Health_District_(Miami)" title="Health District (Miami)">Health District</a>, home to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jackson_Memorial_Hospital" title="Jackson Memorial Hospital">Jackson Memorial Hospital</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leonard_M._Miller_School_of_Medicine" title="Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine">Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine</a> at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a> and others, is a major center for hospitals, clinics, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Medical_research" title="Medical research">medical research</a> industries. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PortMiami" title="PortMiami">PortMiami</a> is the busiest <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cruise_ship" title="Cruise ship">cruise</a> port in the world in both passenger traffic and cruise lines, and refers to itself as the "Cruise Capital of the World".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a></sup> Miami is also a major tourism hub for international visitors, ranking second in the country after <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a></sup> Miami has been called the Gateway to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a></sup>
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Toponymy"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Toponymy</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Geography"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Geography</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Geology"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Geology</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Cityscape"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Cityscape</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Neighborhoods"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Neighborhoods</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Climate"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Climate</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Demographics"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Demographics</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Race,_ethnicity,_religion,_and_languages"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Race, ethnicity, religion, and languages</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Education,_households,_income,_and_poverty"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Education, households, income, and poverty</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Economy"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Economy</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#PortMiami"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">PortMiami</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Tourism_and_conventions"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Tourism and conventions</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Culture"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Culture</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Entertainment_and_performing_arts"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Entertainment and performing arts</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Museums_and_visual_arts"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Museums and visual arts</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Cuisine"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Cuisine</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Dialect"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Dialect</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#Sports"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Sports</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Beaches_and_parks"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Beaches and parks</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#Law_and_government"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Law and government</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#City_Commission"><span class="tocnumber">8.1</span> <span class="toctext">City Commission</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#Education"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Education</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="#Colleges_and_universities"><span class="tocnumber">9.1</span> <span class="toctext">Colleges and universities</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="#Primary_and_secondary_schools"><span class="tocnumber">9.2</span> <span class="toctext">Primary and secondary schools</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#Supplementary_education"><span class="tocnumber">9.3</span> <span class="toctext">Supplementary education</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="#Media"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Media</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="#Transportation"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Transportation</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="#Expressways_and_roads"><span class="tocnumber">11.1</span> <span class="toctext">Expressways and roads</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><a href="#Public_transportation"><span class="tocnumber">11.2</span> <span class="toctext">Public transportation</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="#Airports"><span class="tocnumber">11.3</span> <span class="toctext">Airports</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><a href="#Cycling_and_walking"><span class="tocnumber">11.4</span> <span class="toctext">Cycling and walking</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-32"><a href="#International_relations"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">International relations</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-33"><a href="#Sister_cities"><span class="tocnumber">12.1</span> <span class="toctext">Sister cities</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34"><a href="#Cooperation_agreements"><span class="tocnumber">12.2</span> <span class="toctext">Cooperation agreements</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-35"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-36"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-37"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">15</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-38"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">16</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-39"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">17</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Toponymy">Toponymy</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Toponymy">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Miami was named in 1896 after the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_River_(Florida)" title="Miami River (Florida)">Miami River</a>, derived from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mayaimi" title="Mayaimi">Mayaimi</a>, the historic name of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lake_Okeechobee" title="Lake Okeechobee">Lake Okeechobee</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> who lived around it.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Geography">Geography</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Miami and its suburbs are located on a broad plain between the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Everglades" title="Everglades">Everglades</a> to the west and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biscayne_Bay" title="Biscayne Bay">Biscayne Bay</a> to the east, which extends from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lake_Okeechobee" title="Lake Okeechobee">Lake Okeechobee</a> southward to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Bay" title="Florida Bay">Florida Bay</a>. The elevation of the area averages at around 6 ft (1.8 m)<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a></sup> above sea level in most neighborhoods, especially near the coast. The highest points are found along the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Rock_Ridge" title="Miami Rock Ridge">Miami Rock Ridge</a>, which lies under most of the eastern Miami metro. The main portion of the city is on the shores of Biscayne Bay, which contains several hundred natural and artificial <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barrier_island" title="Barrier island">barrier islands</a>, the largest of which contains <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach,_Florida" title="Miami Beach, Florida">Miami Beach</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Beach" title="South Beach">South Beach</a>. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gulf_Stream" title="Gulf Stream">Gulf Stream</a>, a warm <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ocean_current" title="Ocean current">ocean current</a>, runs northward just 15 miles (24 km) off the coast, allowing the city's climate to stay warm and mild all year.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Geology">Geology</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geology">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miamihighpoint.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Miamihighpoint.jpg/220px-Miamihighpoint.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Miamihighpoint.jpg/330px-Miamihighpoint.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Miamihighpoint.jpg/440px-Miamihighpoint.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1693" data-file-height="1451" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miamihighpoint.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>View from one of the higher points in Miami, west of downtown. The highest natural point in the city of Miami is in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove" title="Coconut Grove">Coconut Grove</a>, near the bay, along the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Rock_Ridge" title="Miami Rock Ridge">Miami Rock Ridge</a> at 24 feet (7.3 m) <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metres_above_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Metres above sea level">above sea level</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a></sup></div></div></div>
<p>The surface bedrock under the Miami area is called <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_oolite" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami oolite">Miami oolite</a> or Miami limestone. This bedrock is covered by a thin layer of soil, and is no more than 50 feet (15 m) thick. Miami limestone formed as the result of the drastic changes in sea level associated with recent <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Glacial_period" title="Glacial period">glacial periods</a>, or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ice_age" title="Ice age">ice ages</a>. Beginning some 130,000 years ago, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sangamonian" title="Sangamonian">Sangamonian Stage</a> raised sea levels to approximately 25 feet (8 m) above the current level. All of southern Florida was covered by a shallow sea. Several parallel lines of reef formed along the edge of the submerged Florida <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Plateau" title="Plateau">plateau</a>, stretching from the present Miami area to what is now the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dry_Tortugas" class="mw-redirect" title="Dry Tortugas">Dry Tortugas</a>. The area behind this reef line was, in fact, a large lagoon, and the Miami limestone formed throughout the area from the deposition of oolites and the shells of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bryozoans" class="mw-redirect" title="Bryozoans">bryozoans</a>. Starting about 100,000 years ago, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wisconsin_glaciation" title="Wisconsin glaciation">Wisconsin glaciation</a> began lowering sea levels, exposing the floor of the lagoon. By 15,000 years ago, the sea level had dropped 300 to 350 feet (90 to 110 m) below the current level. The sea level rose quickly after that, stabilizing at the current level about 4,000 years ago, leaving the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mainland" title="Mainland">mainland</a> of South Florida just <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-geology_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geology-29">[28]</a></sup>
</p><p>Beneath the plain lies the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biscayne_Aquifer" title="Biscayne Aquifer">Biscayne Aquifer</a>, a natural underground source of fresh water that extends from southern <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Beach_County,_Florida" title="Palm Beach County, Florida">Palm Beach County</a> to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Bay" title="Florida Bay">Florida Bay</a>. It comes closest to the surface around the cities of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Springs,_Florida" title="Miami Springs, Florida">Miami Springs</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a></sup> Most of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_metropolitan_area" title="Miami metropolitan area">Miami metropolitan area</a> obtains its drinking water from the Biscayne Aquifer. As a result of the aquifer, it is not possible to dig more than 15 to 20 ft (5 to 6 m) beneath the city without hitting water, which impedes underground construction, though some <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Underground_parking_in_South_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Underground parking in South Florida">underground parking garages</a> exist. For this reason, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">mass transit</a> systems in and around Miami are elevated or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Land_grading" class="mw-redirect" title="Land grading">at-grade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-geology_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geology-29">[28]</a></sup>
</p><p>Most of the western fringes of the city border the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Everglades" title="Everglades">Everglades</a>, a tropical marshland covering most of the southern portion of Florida. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/American_alligator" title="American alligator">Alligators</a> that live in the marshes have ventured into Miami communities and onto major highways.<sup id="cite_ref-geology_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geology-29">[28]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cityscape">Cityscape</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cityscape">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Miami" title="List of tallest buildings in Miami">List of tallest buildings in Miami</a></div>
<div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1038px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Downtown_Miami_Panorama_from_the_Rusty_Pelican_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg" class="image" title="Downtown Miami seen from the Rusty Pelican restaurant on Virginia Key"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Downtown_Miami_Panorama_from_the_Rusty_Pelican_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg/1030px-Downtown_Miami_Panorama_from_the_Rusty_Pelican_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg" decoding="async" width="1030" height="274" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Downtown_Miami_Panorama_from_the_Rusty_Pelican_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg/1545px-Downtown_Miami_Panorama_from_the_Rusty_Pelican_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Downtown_Miami_Panorama_from_the_Rusty_Pelican_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg/2060px-Downtown_Miami_Panorama_from_the_Rusty_Pelican_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8972" data-file-height="2390" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Downtown_Miami_Panorama_from_the_Rusty_Pelican_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg" title="File:Downtown Miami Panorama from the Rusty Pelican photo D Ramey Logan.jpg"> </a></div>Downtown Miami seen from the Rusty Pelican restaurant on <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virginia_Key" title="Virginia Key">Virginia Key</a></div></div></div>
<div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1038px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Downtown_Miami,_Miami,_FL,_USA_-_panoramio_(15).jpg" class="image" title="Northern Downtown Miami overlooking Interstate 95"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Downtown_Miami%2C_Miami%2C_FL%2C_USA_-_panoramio_%2815%29.jpg/1030px-Downtown_Miami%2C_Miami%2C_FL%2C_USA_-_panoramio_%2815%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="1030" height="364" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Downtown_Miami%2C_Miami%2C_FL%2C_USA_-_panoramio_%2815%29.jpg/1545px-Downtown_Miami%2C_Miami%2C_FL%2C_USA_-_panoramio_%2815%29.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Downtown_Miami%2C_Miami%2C_FL%2C_USA_-_panoramio_%2815%29.jpg/2060px-Downtown_Miami%2C_Miami%2C_FL%2C_USA_-_panoramio_%2815%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2992" data-file-height="1057" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Downtown_Miami,_Miami,_FL,_USA_-_panoramio_(15).jpg" title="File:Downtown Miami, Miami, FL, USA - panoramio (15).jpg"> </a></div>Northern <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Downtown Miami">Downtown Miami</a> overlooking <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Interstate_95" title="Interstate 95">Interstate 95</a></div></div></div>
<div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1038px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg" class="image" title="Downtown as seen from the Port of Miami"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg/1030px-DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="1030" height="170" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg/1545px-DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg/2060px-DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11020" data-file-height="1814" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg" title="File:DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg"> </a></div>Downtown as seen from the Port of Miami</div></div></div>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Neighborhoods">Neighborhoods</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Neighborhoods">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhoods in Miami">Neighborhoods in Miami</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack stack-right"><div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Old_U.S._Post_Office_and_Courthouse_(Miami,_Florida).jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Old_U.S._Post_Office_and_Courthouse_%28Miami%2C_Florida%29.jpg/220px-Old_U.S._Post_Office_and_Courthouse_%28Miami%2C_Florida%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Old_U.S._Post_Office_and_Courthouse_%28Miami%2C_Florida%29.jpg/330px-Old_U.S._Post_Office_and_Courthouse_%28Miami%2C_Florida%29.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Old_U.S._Post_Office_and_Courthouse_%28Miami%2C_Florida%29.jpg/440px-Old_U.S._Post_Office_and_Courthouse_%28Miami%2C_Florida%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Old_U.S._Post_Office_and_Courthouse_(Miami,_Florida).jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami_Historic_District" title="Downtown Miami Historic District">Downtown Miami Historic District</a> is the city's largest <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Historic_district" title="Historic district">historic district</a>, with buildings ranging from 1896 to 1939 in the heart of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Downtown Miami">Downtown</a>.</div></div></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_neighborhoodsmap.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Miami_neighborhoodsmap.png/220px-Miami_neighborhoodsmap.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Miami_neighborhoodsmap.png/330px-Miami_neighborhoodsmap.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Miami_neighborhoodsmap.png/440px-Miami_neighborhoodsmap.png 2x" data-file-width="4063" data-file-height="3144" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_neighborhoodsmap.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Map of Miami neighborhoods</div></div></div>
</div></div>
<p>Miami is split roughly into north, south, west, and Downtown areas. The heart of the city is <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Downtown Miami">Downtown Miami</a>, which is on the eastern side and includes the neighborhoods of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell" title="Brickell">Brickell</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virginia_Key" title="Virginia Key">Virginia Key</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Watson_Island" title="Watson Island">Watson Island</a>, as well as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PortMiami" title="PortMiami">PortMiami</a>. Downtown Miami is Florida's largest and most influential central business district, with many major banks, courthouses, financial headquarters, cultural and tourist attractions, schools, parks, and a large residential population. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell_Avenue" title="Brickell Avenue">Brickell Avenue</a> has the largest concentration of international banks in the United States. Just northwest of Downtown is the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Health_District_(Miami)" title="Health District (Miami)">Health District</a>, which is Miami's center for hospitals, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Research_institute" title="Research institute">research institutes</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>, with hospitals such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jackson_Memorial_Hospital" title="Jackson Memorial Hospital">Jackson Memorial Hospital</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bascom_Palmer_Eye_Institute" title="Bascom Palmer Eye Institute">Bascom Palmer Eye Institute</a>, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a>'s <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leonard_M._Miller_School_of_Medicine" title="Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine">Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-neighborhoods_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neighborhoods-31">[30]</a></sup>
</p><p>The southern side of Miami includes the neighborhoods of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Way" title="Coral Way">Coral Way</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Roads" title="The Roads">The Roads</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove" title="Coconut Grove">Coconut Grove</a>. Coral Way is a historic residential neighborhood built in 1922 between Downtown and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Gables,_Florida" title="Coral Gables, Florida">Coral Gables</a>, and is home to many old homes and tree-lined streets. Coconut Grove, established in 1825, is a historic neighborhood with narrow, winding roads and a heavy tree canopy.<sup id="cite_ref-neighborhoods_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neighborhoods-31">[30]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a></sup> It is the location of Miami's City Hall at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dinner_Key" title="Dinner Key">Dinner Key</a>, the former <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove_Playhouse" title="Coconut Grove Playhouse">Coconut Grove Playhouse</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/CocoWalk" title="CocoWalk">CocoWalk</a>, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove_Convention_Center" title="Coconut Grove Convention Center">Coconut Grove Convention Center</a>. It is also home to many <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nightclub" title="Nightclub">nightclubs</a>, bars, restaurants, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bohemianism" title="Bohemianism">bohemian</a> shops, which makes it very popular with local <a href="/enwiki/wiki/College_student" class="mw-redirect" title="College student">college students</a>. Coconut Grove is known for its many parks and gardens, such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vizcaya_Museum_and_Gardens" title="Vizcaya Museum and Gardens">Vizcaya Museum</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Kampong" title="The Kampong">The Kampong</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Barnacle_Historic_State_Park" title="The Barnacle Historic State Park">The Barnacle Historic State Park</a>, and numerous other historic homes and estates.<sup id="cite_ref-neighborhoods_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neighborhoods-31">[30]</a></sup>
</p><p>The western side of Miami includes the neighborhoods of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Havana" title="Little Havana">Little Havana</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Flagler" title="West Flagler">West Flagler</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flagami" title="Flagami">Flagami</a>. Although at one time a mostly Jewish neighborhood, today western Miami is home to immigrants from mostly <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, while the west central neighborhood of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Allapattah" title="Allapattah">Allapattah</a> is a multicultural community of many ethnicities.<sup id="cite_ref-neighborhoods_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neighborhoods-31">[30]</a></sup>
</p><p>The northern side of Miami includes <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Midtown_Miami" title="Midtown Miami">Midtown</a>, a district with a great mix of diversity ranging from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Indian_Americans" title="West Indian Americans">West Indians</a> to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanics</a> to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/European_Americans" title="European Americans">European Americans</a>. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edgewater_(Miami)" title="Edgewater (Miami)">Edgewater</a> neighborhood of Midtown is mostly composed of high-rise residential towers and is home to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adrienne_Arsht_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts">Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wynwood_Art_District" title="Wynwood Art District">Wynwood</a> is an art district with ten galleries in former warehouses, as well as a large outdoor mural project. The wealthier residents of Miami usually live in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Design_District" title="Miami Design District">Design District</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Upper_Eastside" title="Upper Eastside">Upper Eastside</a>, which has many 1920s homes as well as examples of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Modern_architecture" title="Miami Modern architecture">Miami Modern architecture</a> in the MiMo Historic District.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a></sup> The northern side of Miami also has notable <a href="/enwiki/wiki/African-American" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American">African-American</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> immigrant communities, including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Haiti" title="Little Haiti">Little Haiti</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Overtown_(Miami)" title="Overtown (Miami)">Overtown</a> (home of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lyric_Theater_(Miami)" title="Lyric Theater (Miami)">Lyric Theater</a>), and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Liberty_City_(Miami)" title="Liberty City (Miami)">Liberty City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-neighborhoods_31-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neighborhoods-31">[30]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Climate">Climate</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Climate_of_Miami" title="Climate of Miami">Climate of Miami</a></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miamisummershower.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Miamisummershower.png/220px-Miamisummershower.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Miamisummershower.png/330px-Miamisummershower.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Miamisummershower.png/440px-Miamisummershower.png 2x" data-file-width="1597" data-file-height="1011" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miamisummershower.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Typical summer afternoon thunderstorm rolling in from the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Everglades" title="Everglades">Everglades</a></div></div></div>
<p>Miami has a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tropical_monsoon_climate" title="Tropical monsoon climate">tropical monsoon climate</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> <i>Aw</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Miami,_Florida_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miami,_Florida-34">[33]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a></sup> with hot and wet summers and warm and dry winters.
</p><p>The city's sea-level elevation, coastal location, position just above the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tropic_of_Cancer" title="Tropic of Cancer">Tropic of Cancer</a>, and proximity to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gulf_Stream" title="Gulf Stream">Gulf Stream</a> shape its climate. Average winter high temperatures, from December to March, range from 76.4–80.3 °F (24.7–26.8 °C). January is the coolest month with an average daily temperature of 68.2 °F (20.1 °C). Low temperatures fall below 50 °F (10 °C) about 3 to 4 nights during the winter season,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> after the passage of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cold_front" title="Cold front">cold fronts</a> that produce what little rainfall that falls in the winter.
</p><p>There are two basic seasons in Miami, a hot and wet season from May through October, and a warm and dry season from November through April. During the hot and wet season, daily thundershowers occur in the humid unstable air masses. The wet season in Miami is defined as the period during which the average daily <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> temperature is above 70 °F (21 °C). The rainy season typically begins on the first day that occurs, or within a few days later. Similarly, daily rainfall in Miami decreases sharply when the average daily dew point falls to 70 °F (21 °C) or below, although in some years, a stalled front to the south of the Florida peninsula may cause rains to continue for a few more days. During the years 1956 to 1997, the date summer began ranged from April 16 to June 3, with a median date of May 21. During those same years, the date summer ended ranged from September 24 to November 1, with a median date of October 17.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a></sup> During the summer, temperatures range from the mid-80s to low 90s °F (29–35 °C) and are accompanied by high humidity, though the heat is often relieved in the afternoon by thunderstorms or a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sea_breeze" title="Sea breeze">sea breeze</a> that develops off the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the year's 61.9 inches (1,572 mm) of rainfall occurs during this period. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">Dew points</a> in the warm months range from 71.9 °F (22.2 °C) in June to 73.7 °F (23.2 °C) in August.<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-37">[36]</a></sup>
</p><p>Extremes range from 27 °F (−2.8 °C) on February 3, 1917 to 100 °F (38 °C) on July 21, 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a></sup> While Miami has never <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Snow_in_Florida" title="Snow in Florida">recorded snowfall</a> at any official weather station since records have been kept, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Snow_flurry" title="Snow flurry">snow flurries</a> fell in some parts of the city on January 19, 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">Hurricane season</a> officially runs from June 1 through November 30, although hurricanes can develop beyond those dates. The most likely time for Miami to be hit is during the peak of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cape_Verde_hurricane" title="Cape Verde hurricane">Cape Verde</a> season, which is mid-August through the end of September.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a></sup> Although tornadoes are uncommon in the area, one struck in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/1925_Miami_tornado" title="1925 Miami tornado">1925</a> and another in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/1997_Miami_tornado" title="1997 Miami tornado">1997</a>. Around 40% of homes in Miami are built upon <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Floodplain" title="Floodplain">floodplains</a> and are considered as flood-risk zones.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami falls under the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">Department of Agriculture's</a> 10b/11a plant <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hardiness_zone" title="Hardiness zone">hardiness zone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami is one of the major coastal cities and major cities in the United States that will be most affected by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a></sup> Global <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sea_level_rise" title="Sea level rise">sea level rise</a>, which in Miami is projected to be 21 inches (53 cm) to 40 inches (100 cm) by 2070, will lead to an increase in storm damage, more intense flooding and will threaten the city's water supply.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a></sup> Real estate prices in Miami already reflect the increase in prices for real estate at a higher elevation within the city compared to real estate at a lower elevation.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a></sup>
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<th colspan="14"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1063604349">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-collapse navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Miami_weatherbox" title="Template:Miami weatherbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Miami_weatherbox" title="Template talk:Miami weatherbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Miami_weatherbox&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar-ct-mini">Climate data for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami International Airport</a>, 1991−2020 normals,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52">[b]</a></sup> extremes 1895−present<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53">[c]</a></sup></div>
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<th scope="col">Feb
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<th scope="col">Mar
</th>
<th scope="col">Apr
</th>
<th scope="col">May
</th>
<th scope="col">Jun
</th>
<th scope="col">Jul
</th>
<th scope="col">Aug
</th>
<th scope="col">Sep
</th>
<th scope="col">Oct
</th>
<th scope="col">Nov
</th>
<th scope="col">Dec
</th>
<th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year
</th></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C)
</th>
<td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;">88<br />(31)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;">89<br />(32)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;">93<br />(34)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;">97<br />(36)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;">98<br />(37)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;">98<br />(37)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;">100<br />(38)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;">98<br />(37)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;">97<br />(36)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;">95<br />(35)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;">91<br />(33)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;">89<br />(32)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium">100<br />(38)
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C)
</th>
<td style="background: #FF5500; color:#000000;">84.4<br />(29.1)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;">85.8<br />(29.9)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF4300; color:#000000;">89.0<br />(31.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;">90.7<br />(32.6)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;">92.8<br />(33.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF2F00; color:#000000;">94.2<br />(34.6)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;">94.7<br />(34.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;">94.5<br />(34.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;">93.2<br />(34.0)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;">90.9<br />(32.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;">87.0<br />(30.6)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF5300; color:#000000;">84.9<br />(29.4)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF2A00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">95.8<br />(35.4)
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average high °F (°C)
</th>
<td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;">76.2<br />(24.6)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;">78.2<br />(25.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;">80.6<br />(27.0)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;">83.6<br />(28.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;">86.7<br />(30.4)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;">89.3<br />(31.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;">90.6<br />(32.6)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;">90.7<br />(32.6)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF4300; color:#000000;">89.0<br />(31.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;">85.9<br />(29.9)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;">81.3<br />(27.4)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;">78.2<br />(25.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">84.2<br />(29.0)
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C)
</th>
<td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;">68.6<br />(20.3)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;">70.7<br />(21.5)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;">73.1<br />(22.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;">76.7<br />(24.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;">80.1<br />(26.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF5B00; color:#000000;">82.8<br />(28.2)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;">84.1<br />(28.9)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;">84.2<br />(29.0)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;">83.0<br />(28.3)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;">80.1<br />(26.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;">74.8<br />(23.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;">71.2<br />(21.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">77.4<br />(25.2)
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average low °F (°C)
</th>
<td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;">61.0<br />(16.1)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;">63.2<br />(17.3)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;">65.6<br />(18.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;">69.8<br />(21.0)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;">73.4<br />(23.0)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;">76.3<br />(24.6)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF6F00; color:#000000;">77.5<br />(25.3)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;">77.7<br />(25.4)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;">76.9<br />(24.9)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;">74.2<br />(23.4)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;">68.3<br />(20.2)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;">64.3<br />(17.9)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">70.7<br />(21.5)
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C)
</th>
<td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;">45.1<br />(7.3)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;">48.5<br />(9.2)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFD0A1; color:#000000;">52.3<br />(11.3)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;">59.6<br />(15.3)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;">66.7<br />(19.3)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;">71.5<br />(21.9)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;">72.5<br />(22.5)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;">72.8<br />(22.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;">72.7<br />(22.6)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;">65.0<br />(18.3)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;">55.7<br />(13.2)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;">49.7<br />(9.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">42.5<br />(5.8)
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C)
</th>
<td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;">28<br />(−2)
</td>
<td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;">27<br />(−3)
</td>
<td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;">32<br />(0)
</td>
<td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;">39<br />(4)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;">50<br />(10)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;">60<br />(16)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;">66<br />(19)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;">67<br />(19)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;">62<br />(17)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;">45<br />(7)
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;">36<br />(2)
</td>
<td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;">30<br />(−1)
</td>
<td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">27<br />(−3)
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm)
</th>
<td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000;">1.83<br />(46)
</td>
<td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;">2.15<br />(55)
</td>
<td style="background: #A2FFA2; color:#000000;">2.46<br />(62)
</td>
<td style="background: #7CFF7C; color:#000000;">3.36<br />(85)
</td>
<td style="background: #0FFF0F; color:#000000;">6.32<br />(161)
</td>
<td style="background: #006200; color:#FFFFFF;">10.51<br />(267)
</td>
<td style="background: #00E700; color:#000000;">7.36<br />(187)
</td>
<td style="background: #009300; color:#FFFFFF;">9.58<br />(243)
</td>
<td style="background: #006D00; color:#FFFFFF;">10.22<br />(260)
</td>
<td style="background: #00DC00; color:#000000;">7.65<br />(194)
</td>
<td style="background: #74FF74; color:#000000;">3.53<br />(90)
</td>
<td style="background: #A2FFA2; color:#000000;">2.44<br />(62)
</td>
<td style="background: #26FF26; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">67.41<br />(1,712)
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.01 in)</span>
</th>
<td style="background: #9F9FFF; color:#000000;">7.7
</td>
<td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;">6.5
</td>
<td style="background: #B1B1FF; color:#000000;">6.3
</td>
<td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;">6.9
</td>
<td style="background: #7979FF; color:#000000;">10.8
</td>
<td style="background: #1E1EFF; color:#FFFFFF;">17.6
</td>
<td style="background: #2929FF; color:#FFFFFF;">17.3
</td>
<td style="background: #0F0FFF; color:#FFFFFF;">19.4
</td>
<td style="background: #1818FF; color:#FFFFFF;">18.1
</td>
<td style="background: #5454FF; color:#FFFFFF;">13.8
</td>
<td style="background: #9191FF; color:#000000;">8.6
</td>
<td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;">8.0
</td>
<td style="background: #6B6BFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">141.0
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%)
</th>
<td style="background: #0000E7; color:#FFFFFF;">72.7
</td>
<td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;">70.9
</td>
<td style="background: #0000F4; color:#FFFFFF;">69.5
</td>
<td style="background: #0000FC; color:#FFFFFF;">67.3
</td>
<td style="background: #0000EC; color:#FFFFFF;">71.6
</td>
<td style="background: #0000DA; color:#FFFFFF;">76.2
</td>
<td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;">74.8
</td>
<td style="background: #0000DA; color:#FFFFFF;">76.2
</td>
<td style="background: #0000D4; color:#FFFFFF;">77.8
</td>
<td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;">74.9
</td>
<td style="background: #0000E3; color:#FFFFFF;">73.8
</td>
<td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF;">72.5
</td>
<td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium">73.2
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> °F (°C)
</th>
<td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;">57.6<br />(14.2)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;">57.6<br />(14.2)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;">60.4<br />(15.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;">62.6<br />(17.0)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;">67.6<br />(19.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;">72.0<br />(22.2)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;">73.0<br />(22.8)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;">73.8<br />(23.2)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;">73.2<br />(22.9)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;">68.7<br />(20.4)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;">63.9<br />(17.7)
</td>
<td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;">59.2<br />(15.1)
</td>
<td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">65.8<br />(18.8)
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a>
</th>
<td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;">219.8
</td>
<td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000;">216.9
</td>
<td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;">277.2
</td>
<td style="background: #EFEF0D; color:#000000;">293.8
</td>
<td style="background: #EEEE0C; color:#000000;">301.3
</td>
<td style="background: #EEEE0A; color:#000000;">288.7
</td>
<td style="background: #F0F010; color:#000000;">308.7
</td>
<td style="background: #EBEB05; color:#000000;">288.3
</td>
<td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;">262.2
</td>
<td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;">260.2
</td>
<td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;">220.8
</td>
<td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;">216.1
</td>
<td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">3,154
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a>
</th>
<td style="background: #FFFF74; color:#000000;">66
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF80; color:#000000;">69
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF99; color:#000000;">75
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFFA1; color:#000000;">77
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF8C; color:#000000;">72
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF84; color:#000000;">70
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF90; color:#000000;">73
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF88; color:#000000;">71
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF88; color:#000000;">71
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF90; color:#000000;">73
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF7C; color:#000000;">68
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF74; color:#000000;">66
</td>
<td style="background: #FFFF88; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">71
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: NOAA (relative humidity, dew point and sun 1961–1990),<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-37">[36]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54">[51]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-noaasun_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noaasun-55">[52]</a></sup> The Weather Channel<sup id="cite_ref-Weather.com_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weather.com-56">[53]</a></sup>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Demographics">Demographics</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cuban_migration_to_Miami" title="Cuban migration to Miami">Cuban migration to Miami</a></div>
<table class="toccolours" style="border-spacing: 1px; float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; text-align:right">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="4" style="background-color:lavender;padding-right:3px; padding-left:3px; font-size:110%; text-align:center">Historical population
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid black">Census</th>
<th style="text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid black"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th>
<th style="text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid black"></th>
<th style="text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid black"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr>
</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">1,681</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">—</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">5,471</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">225.5%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">29,571</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">440.5%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">110,637</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">274.1%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">172,172</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">55.6%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">249,276</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">44.8%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">291,688</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">17.0%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">334,859</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">14.8%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">346,681</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">3.5%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">358,548</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">3.4%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">362,470</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">1.1%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">399,457</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">10.2%</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></b></td><td style="padding-left:8px; border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:right;">442,241</td><td style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:left;"></td><td style="padding-left:8px; text-align: right;">10.7%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="border-top:1px solid black; font-size:85%; text-align:center">U.S. Decennial Census<sup id="cite_ref-DecennialCensus_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DecennialCensus-57">[54]</a></sup><br />2010–2020<sup id="cite_ref-QuickFacts_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-12">[11]</a></sup></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>The city proper is home to less than one-thirteenth of the population of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Florida" title="South Florida">South Florida</a>. Miami is the 44th most populous city in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_metropolitan_area" title="Miami metropolitan area">Miami metropolitan area</a>, which includes <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Miami-Dade County, Florida">Miami-Dade</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broward_County,_Florida" title="Broward County, Florida">Broward</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Beach_County,_Florida" title="Palm Beach County, Florida">Palm Beach</a> counties, has a population of 6.1 million people, ranking eighth largest in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-2009_Pop._Est._58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2009_Pop._Est.-58">[55]</a></sup>
</p>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Miami_(5560452404).png" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Miami_%285560452404%29.png/220px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Miami_%285560452404%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Miami_%285560452404%29.png/330px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Miami_%285560452404%29.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Miami_%285560452404%29.png/440px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Miami_%285560452404%29.png 2x" data-file-width="3009" data-file-height="3009" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Miami_(5560452404).png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Map of racial/ethnic distribution in Miami, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people: <span style="color:#f00;"><b>Non-Hispanic White</b></span>, <span style="color:#ff8000"><b>Hispanic</b></span>, <span style="color:#00f;"><b>Black</b></span>, <span style="color:#00ff80"><b>Asian</b></span></div></div></div>
<p>In 1960, Hispanics made up about 5% of the population of Miami-Dade County. Between 1960 and 2000, 90% of the population growth in the county was made up of Hispanics, raising the Hispanic portion of the population to more than 57% by 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59">[56]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Miami's population as 45% Hispanic, 32.9% non-Hispanic white, and 22.7% black.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60">[57]</a></sup> Miami's explosive population growth has been driven by internal migration from other parts of the country, primarily up until the 1980s, as well as by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">immigration</a>, primarily from the 1960s to the 1990s. Today, immigration to Miami has continued and Miami's growth today is attributed greatly to its fast urbanization and high-rise construction, which has increased its inner city neighborhood population densities, such as in Downtown, Brickell, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edgewater_(Miami)" title="Edgewater (Miami)">Edgewater</a>, where one area in Downtown alone saw a 2,069% increase in population in the 2010 Census. Miami is regarded as more of a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Multiculturalism" title="Multiculturalism">multicultural mosaic</a>, than it is a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Melting_pot" title="Melting pot">melting pot</a>, with residents still maintaining much of, or some of their <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">cultural traits</a>. The overall culture of Miami is heavily influenced by its large population of Hispanics from the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> and black people mainly from the Caribbean islands.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61">[58]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span id="Race.2C_ethnicity.2C_religion.2C_and_languages"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Race,_ethnicity,_religion,_and_languages">Race, ethnicity, religion, and languages</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Race, ethnicity, religion, and languages">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>Miami has a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Minority-majority" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority-majority">minority-majority</a> population, as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">non-Hispanic whites</a> comprise less than half of the population, 12.9%, down from 41.7% in 1970. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic (U.S. Census)">Hispanic or Latino (of any race)</a> make up 70% of Miami's population. As of the 2010 census, the racial makeup of the population of Miami was 72.6% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White American</a> (including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/White_Hispanic" class="mw-redirect" title="White Hispanic">White Hispanic</a>), 19.2% black or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a>, 1% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian American</a>, and the remainder belonged to other groups or was of mixed ancestry.
</p><p>The 2010 US Census reported that the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hispanic" title="Hispanic">Hispanic</a> population in Miami accounted for 70% of its total population,<sup id="cite_ref-HiLaMi_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HiLaMi-62">[59]</a></sup> with 34.4% of city residents being of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cuban_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban people">Cuban</a> origin, 15.8% had a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Central American">Central American</a> background (7.2% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nicaraguan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicaraguan people">Nicaraguan</a>, 5.8% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Honduran_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Honduran people">Honduran</a>, 1.2% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Salvadoran_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvadoran people">Salvadoran</a>, and 1.0% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Guatemalan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Guatemalan people">Guatemalan</a>), 8.7% were of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_American" class="mw-redirect" title="South American">South American</a> descent (3.2% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Colombian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Colombian people">Colombian</a>, 1.4% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venezuelan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan people">Venezuelan</a>, 1.2% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peruvian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian people">Peruvian</a>, 1.2% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Argentine_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine people">Argentine</a>, 1.0% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chilean_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean people">Chilean</a> and 0.7% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ecuadorian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecuadorian people">Ecuadorian</a>), 4.0% had <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hispanic_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic people">other Hispanic or Latino</a> origins (0.5% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spaniard" class="mw-redirect" title="Spaniard">Spaniard</a>), 3.2% descended from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Puerto_Rican_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican people">Puerto Ricans</a>, 2.4% were <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dominican_people_(Dominican_Republic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominican people (Dominican Republic)">Dominican</a>, and 1.5% had <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mexican_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican people">Mexican</a> ancestry.
</p><p>As of 2010<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, those of African ancestry accounted for 19.2% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 5.6% were <a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Indian" title="West Indian">West Indian</a> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Afro-Caribbean_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Caribbean American">Afro-Caribbean American</a> origin (4.4% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haitian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Haitian people">Haitian</a>, 0.4% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jamaican_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamaican people">Jamaican</a>, 0.4% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bahamian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamian people">Bahamian</a>, 0.1% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/British_West_Indian" class="mw-redirect" title="British West Indian">British West Indian</a>, and 0.1% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trinidadian_and_Tobagonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinidadian and Tobagonian">Trinidadian and Tobagonian</a>, 0.1% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Afro-Caribbean" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Caribbean">Other or Unspecified West Indian</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63">[60]</a></sup> 3.0% were <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Black_Hispanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Hispanic">Black Hispanics</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-HiLaMi_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HiLaMi-62">[59]</a></sup> and 0.4% were <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sub-Saharan_African" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-Saharan African">Subsaharan African</a> origin.<sup id="cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIAMIdemo-64">[61]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MIApop_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIApop-65">[62]</a></sup>
</p><p>As of 2010<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, those of (non-Hispanic white) European ancestry accounted for 11.9% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 1.7% were German, 1.6% Italian, 1.4% Irish, 1.0% English, 0.8% French, 0.6% Russian, and 0.5% were Polish.<sup id="cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIAMIdemo-64">[61]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MIApop_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIApop-65">[62]</a></sup> Since the 1960s, there has been massive <a href="/enwiki/wiki/White_flight" title="White flight">white flight</a> with many non-Hispanic whites moving outside Miami due to the influx of immigrants settling in most parts of Miami.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66">[63]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67">[64]</a></sup>
</p><p>As of 2010<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, those of Asian ancestry accounted for 1.0% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 0.3% were <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Americans" title="Indian Americans">Indian</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indo-Caribbean_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Caribbean American">Indo-Caribbean</a> (1,206 people), 0.3% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chinese_people" title="Chinese people">Chinese</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chinese_Caribbeans" title="Chinese Caribbeans">Chinese Caribbean</a> (1,804 people), 0.2% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Filipino_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Filipino people">Filipino</a> (647 people), 0.1% were other Asian (433 people), 0.1% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Japanese_people" title="Japanese people">Japanese</a> (245 people), 0.1% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Korean_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean people">Korean</a> (213 people), and 0.0% were <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vietnamese_people" title="Vietnamese people">Vietnamese</a> (125 people).<sup id="cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIAMIdemo-64">[61]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2010, 1.9% of the population considered themselves to be of only American ancestry (regardless of race or ethnicity),<sup id="cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIAMIdemo-64">[61]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MIApop_65-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIApop-65">[62]</a></sup> while 0.5% were of Arab ancestry, as of 2010<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIAMIdemo-64">[61]</a></sup>
</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="left">
<table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align: left;font-size: 90%;">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Demographic profile<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68">[65]</a></sup>
</th>
<th>2019<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69">[66]</a></sup>
</th>
<th>2010
</th>
<th>2000
</th>
<th>1990
</th>
<th>1980
</th>
<th>1970
</th>
<th>1960
</th>
<th>1950
</th>
<th>1940
</th>
<th>1930
</th>
<th>1920
</th>
<th>1910
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a> (Includes <a href="/enwiki/wiki/White_Hispanics" class="mw-redirect" title="White Hispanics">White Hispanics</a>)
</td>
<td>77.1%</td>
<td>72.6%</td>
<td>66.6%</td>
<td>65.6%</td>
<td>66.6%</td>
<td>76.6%</td>
<td>77.4%</td>
<td>83.7%</td>
<td>78.5%</td>
<td>77.3%</td>
<td>68.5%</td>
<td>58.7%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanics</a>
</td>
<td>68.9%</td>
<td>70.0%</td>
<td>65.8%</td>
<td>62.5%</td>
<td>55.9%</td>
<td>44.6%</td>
<td>17.6%</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a> or African American
</td>
<td>15.6%</td>
<td>19.2%</td>
<td>22.3%</td>
<td>27.4%</td>
<td>25.1%</td>
<td>22.7%</td>
<td>22.4%</td>
<td>16.2%</td>
<td>21.4%</td>
<td>22.7%</td>
<td>31.3%</td>
<td>41.3%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">Non-Hispanic White</a>
</td>
<td>13.3%</td>
<td>11.9%</td>
<td>11.8%</td>
<td>12.2%</td>
<td>19.4%</td>
<td>41.7%</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">Other
</td>
<td>—</td>
<td>4.2%</td>
<td>5.6%</td>
<td>6.4%</td>
<td>7.8%</td>
<td>0.4%</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>0.1
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a>
</td>
<td>1.2%</td>
<td>1.0%</td>
<td>0.7%</td>
<td>0.6%</td>
<td>0.5%</td>
<td>0.3%</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–</td>
<td>–
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px">
<div style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black">
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<div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Blue"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Blue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 137.63819204712px; border-left-color:Honeydew"></div>
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<div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Pink"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:90.482705246602px 42.577929156507px 0 0; border-top-color:Aquamarine"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Aquamarine"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:87.630668004386px 48.175367410172px 0 0; border-top-color:Purple"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Purple"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:86.074202700394px 50.904141575037px 0 0; border-top-color:DarkTurquoise"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DarkTurquoise"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:84.432792550202px 53.5826794979px 0 0; border-top-color:#d4213d"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#d4213d"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 120.87923504096px 100px 0; border-right-color:DodgerBlue"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div>
</div>
<div class="thumbcaption">
<p>Religion in Miami (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-Religion_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Religion-70">[67]</a></sup>
</p>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:DodgerBlue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> (39%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:#d4213d; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a> (27%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:DarkTurquoise; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a> (0.5%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:Purple; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</a> (0.5%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:Aquamarine; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a> (1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:Pink; color:black;"> </span> Other Christian (1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:Honeydew; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Irreligious" class="mw-redirect" title="Irreligious">No religion</a> (21%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:Blue; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> (9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:Chartreuse; color:black;"> </span> Other religion (1%)</div>
</div>
</div></div>
<p>According to a 2014 study by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> is the most prevalently practiced religion in Miami (68%), with 39% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a>, and 27% professing <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> beliefs.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71">[68]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72">[69]</a></sup> followed by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> (9%); <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, and a variety of other religions have smaller followings; <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheism</a> or no self-identifying organized religious affiliation was practiced by 21%.
</p><p>There has been a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Norwegian_Church_Abroad" title="Norwegian Church Abroad">Norwegian Seamen's church</a> in Miami since the early 1980s. In November 2011, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crown_Princess_Mette-Marit" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown Princess Mette-Marit">Crown Princess Mette-Marit</a> opened a new building for the church. The church was built as a center for the 10,000 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavians</a> that live in Florida. Around 4,000 of them are <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Norwegians" title="Norwegians">Norwegian</a>. The church is also an important place for the 150 Norwegians that work at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disney_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Disney World">Disney World</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73">[70]</a></sup>
</p><p>As of 2016<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, a total of 73% of Miami's population age five and over spoke a language other than English at home. Of this 73%, 64.5% of the population only spoke Spanish at home while 21.1% of the population spoke English at home. About 7% spoke other <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European languages</a> at home, while about 0.9% spoke <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">Asian languages</a> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Languages_of_Oceania" title="Languages of Oceania">Pacific Islander languages</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oceanic_languages" title="Oceanic languages">Oceanic languages</a> at home. The remaining 0.7% of the population spoke other languages at home.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74">[71]</a></sup>
</p><p>As of 2010<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, 70.2% of Miami's population age five and over spoke only Spanish at home while 22.7% of the population spoke English at home. About 6.3% spoke other <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European languages</a> at home. About 0.4% spoke <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">Asian languages</a> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Languages_of_Oceania" title="Languages of Oceania">Pacific Islander languages</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oceanic_languages" title="Oceanic languages">Oceanic languages</a> at home. The remaining 0.3% of the population spoke other languages at home. In total, 77.3% spoke another language other than English.<sup id="cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIAMIdemo-64">[61]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span id="Education.2C_households.2C_income.2C_and_poverty"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Education,_households,_income,_and_poverty">Education, households, income, and poverty</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Education, households, income, and poverty">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>As of 2010<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, 80% of people over age 25 were a high school graduate or higher. 27.3% of people in Miami had a bachelor's degree or higher.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75">[72]</a></sup>
</p><p>As of 2010<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, there were 158,317 households, of which 14% were vacant. 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.3% were married couples living together, 18.1% have a female head of household with no husband present, and 43.1% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older (4% male and 7.3% female.) The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.15.<sup id="cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIAMIdemo-64">[61]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MIAage_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIAage-76">[73]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2010, the city population was spread out, with 18.8% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.1 males.<sup id="cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIAMIdemo-64">[61]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MIAage_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIAage-76">[73]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2010, 58.1% of the county's population was foreign born, with 41.1% being <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Naturalized_citizen_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalized citizen of the United States">naturalized American citizens</a>. Of foreign-born residents, 95.4% were born in Latin America, 2.4% were born in Europe, 1.4% born in Asia, 0.5% born in Africa, 0.2% in North America, and 0.1% were born in Oceania.<sup id="cite_ref-MIApop_65-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIApop-65">[62]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2004, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations Development Program</a> (UNDP) reported that Miami had the highest proportion of foreign-born residents of any major city worldwide (59%), followed by Toronto (50%).
</p><p>About 22.2% of families and 27.3% of the population were below the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Poverty_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty line">poverty line</a> at the census, including 37.1% of those under age 18 and 32.8% of those aged 65 or over.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77">[74]</a></sup>
</p>
<table class="wikitable" style="float: left; margin-right: 2em; width: 50%; font-size: 95%;">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="4">Miami demographics
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Census,_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Census, 2010">2010 Census</a></th>
<th>Miami<sup id="cite_ref-American_FactFinder,_United_States_Census_Bureau_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-American_FactFinder,_United_States_Census_Bureau-78">[75]</a></sup></th>
<th>Miami-Dade County</th>
<th>Florida
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Total population</td>
<td>399,457</td>
<td>2,496,435</td>
<td>18,801,310
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Population, percent change, 2000 to 2010</td>
<td>+10.2%</td>
<td>+10.8%</td>
<td>+17.6%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Population density</td>
<td>11,135.9/sq mi<br />(4,299.6/km<sup>2</sup>)</td>
<td>1,315.5/sq mi<br />(507.9/km<sup>2</sup>)</td>
<td>350.6/sq mi<br />(135.4/km<sup>2</sup>)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/White_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="White (U.S. Census)">White or Caucasian</a> (including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/White_Hispanic" class="mw-redirect" title="White Hispanic">White Hispanic</a>)</td>
<td>72.6%</td>
<td>73.8%</td>
<td>75.0%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic (U.S. Census)">Hispanic or Latino (of any race)</a></td>
<td>70.0%</td>
<td>65.0%</td>
<td>22.5%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Black_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black (U.S. Census)">Black or African-American</a></td>
<td>19.2%</td>
<td>18.9%</td>
<td>16.0%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Non-Hispanic_Whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic Whites">Non-Hispanic White or Caucasian</a>)</td>
<td>11.9%</td>
<td>15.4%</td>
<td>57.9%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asian_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian (U.S. Census)">Asian</a></td>
<td>1.0%</td>
<td>1.5%</td>
<td>2.4%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Native_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American (U.S. Census)">Native American</a> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Native_Alaskan" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Alaskan">Native Alaskan</a></td>
<td>0.3%</td>
<td>0.2%</td>
<td>0.4%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pacific_Islander_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)">Pacific Islander</a> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Native_Hawaiian" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Hawaiian">Native Hawaiian</a></td>
<td>0.0%</td>
<td>0.0%</td>
<td>0.1%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Multiracial_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiracial American">Two or more races (Multiracial)</a></td>
<td>2.7%</td>
<td>2.4%</td>
<td>2.5%
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Other_races_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Other races (U.S. Census)">Some Other Race</a></td>
<td>4.2%</td>
<td>3.2%</td>
<td>3.6%
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<div style="clear:both;"></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Economy">Economy</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Brickell1.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Brickell1.JPG/220px-Brickell1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Brickell1.JPG/330px-Brickell1.JPG 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Brickell1.JPG/440px-Brickell1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Brickell1.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Downtown is <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Florida" title="South Florida">South Florida</a>'s main hub for finance, commerce and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_business" title="International business">international business</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell_Avenue" title="Brickell Avenue">Brickell Avenue</a> has the largest concentration of international banks in the U.S.</div></div></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg/220px-Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg/330px-Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg/440px-Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2985" data-file-height="2177" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>As seen in 2006, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Miami" title="List of tallest buildings in Miami">high-rise construction</a> in Miami has inspired popular opinion of "<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manhattanization" title="Manhattanization">Miami manhattanization</a>"</div></div></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Brickell_Avenue_20100203.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Brickell_Avenue_20100203.jpg/220px-Brickell_Avenue_20100203.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Brickell_Avenue_20100203.jpg/330px-Brickell_Avenue_20100203.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Brickell_Avenue_20100203.jpg/440px-Brickell_Avenue_20100203.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Brickell_Avenue_20100203.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Brickell Avenue in Downtown Miami's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell" title="Brickell">Brickell Financial District</a></div></div></div>
<p>Miami is a major center of commerce and finance and boasts a strong <a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_business" title="International business">international business</a> community. According to the 2020 ranking of world cities undertaken by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Globalization_and_World_Cities_Research_Network" title="Globalization and World Cities Research Network">Globalization and World Cities Research Network</a> (GaWC) based on the level of presence of global corporate service organizations, Miami is considered a Beta + level <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Global_city" title="Global city">world city</a>, along with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, however according to the US census between the years 2015–2019, Miami lacks in terms of owner-occupied housing, computer and internet usage, education regarding bachelor's degree or higher, median household income, per capita income, while achieving higher percentage of persons in poverty.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-79">[76]</a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80">[77]</a></sup> Miami has a Gross Metropolitan Product of $257 billion, ranking 11th in the United States and 20th worldwide in GMP.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81">[78]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82">[79]</a></sup>
</p><p>Several large companies are headquartered in Miami, including but not limited to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Akerman_LLP" title="Akerman LLP">Akerman LLP</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alienware" title="Alienware">Alienware</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arquitectonica" title="Arquitectonica">Arquitectonica</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brightstar_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Brightstar Corporation">Brightstar Corporation</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Celebrity_Cruises" title="Celebrity Cruises">Celebrity Cruises</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carnival_Corporation_%26_plc" title="Carnival Corporation & plc">Carnival Corporation</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Duany_Plater-Zyberk" class="mw-redirect" title="Duany Plater-Zyberk">Duany Plater-Zyberk</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greenberg_Traurig" title="Greenberg Traurig">Greenberg Traurig</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Inktel_Direct" class="mw-redirect" title="Inktel Direct">Inktel Direct</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lennar_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Lennar Corporation">Lennar Corporation</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Norwegian_Cruise_Line" title="Norwegian Cruise Line">Norwegian Cruise Line</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oceania_Cruises" title="Oceania Cruises">Oceania Cruises</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/OPKO_Health" title="OPKO Health">OPKO Health</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parkjockey" title="Parkjockey">Parkjockey</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/RCTV_International" title="RCTV International">RCTV International</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Royal_Caribbean_International" title="Royal Caribbean International">Royal Caribbean International</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sitel" title="Sitel">Sitel</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southern_Wine_%26_Spirits" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Wine & Spirits">Southern Wine & Spirits</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Telemundo" title="Telemundo">Telemundo</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vector_Group" title="Vector Group">Vector Group</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Watsco" title="Watsco">Watsco</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/World_Fuel_Services" title="World Fuel Services">World Fuel Services</a>. Over 1,400 multinational firms are located in Miami, with many major global organisations headquartering their Latin American operations (or regional offices) in the city including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83">[80]</a></sup> Additionally, companies based in nearby cities or unincorporated areas of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Miami-Dade County, Florida">Miami-Dade County</a> include, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Benihana" title="Benihana">Benihana</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Burger_King" title="Burger King">Burger King</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carnival_Cruise_Line" title="Carnival Cruise Line">Carnival Cruise Line</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Navarro_Discount_Pharmacies" title="Navarro Discount Pharmacies">Navarro Discount Pharmacies</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Perry_Ellis_International" title="Perry Ellis International">Perry Ellis International</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ryder" title="Ryder">Ryder</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sedano%27s" title="Sedano's">Sedano's</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/UniM%C3%A1s" title="UniMás">UniMás</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Century_Bank" title="U.S. Century Bank">U.S. Century Bank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84">[81]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85">[82]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami is a major television production center, and the most important city in the United States for Spanish language media. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Telemundo" title="Telemundo">Telemundo</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/UniM%C3%A1s" title="UniMás">UniMás</a> have their headquarters in the Miami area. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Univision" title="Univision">Univisión Studios</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Telemundo_Studios" title="Telemundo Studios">Telemundo Studios</a> produce much of the original programming for their respective parent networks, such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Telenovela" title="Telenovela">telenovelas</a>, news, sports, and talk shows. In 2011, 85% of Telemundo's original programming was filmed in Miami.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86">[83]</a></sup> Miami is also a significant music recording center, with the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sony_Music_Latin" title="Sony Music Latin">Sony Music Latin</a> headquarters in the city, along with many other smaller <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">record labels</a>. The city also attracts many artists for music video and film shoots.
</p><p>During the mid-2000s, the city witnessed its largest real estate boom since the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_land_boom_of_the_1920s" title="Florida land boom of the 1920s">Florida land boom of the 1920s</a>, and the city had well over a hundred approved high-rise construction projects. However, only 50 were actually built.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87">[84]</a></sup> Rapid high-rise construction led to fast population growth in the Miami's inner neighborhoods, with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Downtown_Miami" title="Greater Downtown Miami">Downtown</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell" title="Brickell">Brickell</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edgewater_(Miami)" title="Edgewater (Miami)">Edgewater</a> becoming the fastest-growing areas of the city. The city currently has the seven tallest (as well as fifteen of top twenty) <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Florida" title="List of tallest buildings in Florida">skyscrapers in the state of Florida</a>, with the tallest being the 868-foot (265 m) <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Panorama_Tower" title="Panorama Tower">Panorama Tower</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-emporis_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emporis-88">[85]</a></sup>
</p><p>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_housing_bubble" title="United States housing bubble">housing market crash of 2007</a> caused a foreclosure crisis in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89">[86]</a></sup> In 2012, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i> magazine named Miami the most miserable city in the United States because of the crippling housing crisis that cost multitudes of residents their homes and jobs. In addition, the metro area has one of the highest violent crime rates in the country and workers face lengthy daily commutes.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90">[87]</a></sup> Like other metro areas in the United States, crime in Miami is localized to specific neighborhoods.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91">[88]</a></sup> In a 2016 study by the website <i>24/7 Wall Street</i>, Miami was rated as the worst U.S. city in which to live, based on crime, poverty, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">income inequality</a>, education, and housing costs that far exceed the national median.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92">[89]</a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami International Airport</a> (MIA) and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PortMiami" title="PortMiami">PortMiami</a> are among the nation's busiest ports of entry, especially for cargo from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>. PortMiami is the world's busiest cruise port, and MIA is the busiest airport in Florida and the largest gateway between the United States and Latin America.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93">[90]</a></sup> Due to its strength in international business, finance and trade, the city has among the largest concentration of international banks in the country, primarily along <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell_Avenue" title="Brickell Avenue">Brickell Avenue</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell" title="Brickell">Brickell</a>, Miami's financial district. Miami was the host city of the 2003 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Free_Trade_Area_of_the_Americas" title="Free Trade Area of the Americas">Free Trade Area of the Americas</a> negotiations.
</p><p>Miami is the home to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Hurricane_Center" title="National Hurricane Center">National Hurricane Center</a> and the headquarters of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Southern_Command" title="United States Southern Command">United States Southern Command</a>, responsible for military operations in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central</a> and South America. Miami is also an industrial center, especially for stone quarrying and warehousing. These industries are centered largely on the western fringes of the city near <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Doral,_Florida" title="Doral, Florida">Doral</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a>.
</p><p>According to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a> in 2012, Miami had the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_lowest-income_places_in_the_United_States" title="List of lowest-income places in the United States">fourth highest percentage</a> of family incomes below the federal poverty line out of all large cities in the United States, behind <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland, Ohio</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati, Ohio</a>, respectively. Miami is also one of the very few cities in the U.S. where the local government has gone bankrupt, in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94">[91]</a></sup> On the other hand, Miami has won accolades for its environmental policies: in 2008, it was ranked as "America's Cleanest City" according to <i>Forbes</i> for its year-round good air quality, vast green spaces, clean drinking water, clean streets and citywide recycling programs.<sup id="cite_ref-Van_Riper_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Van_Riper-95">[92]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="PortMiami">PortMiami</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: PortMiami">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PortMiami" title="PortMiami">PortMiami</a></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Port_of_Miami_20071208.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Port_of_Miami_20071208.jpg/220px-Port_of_Miami_20071208.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="62" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Port_of_Miami_20071208.jpg/330px-Port_of_Miami_20071208.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Port_of_Miami_20071208.jpg/440px-Port_of_Miami_20071208.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2243" data-file-height="632" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Port_of_Miami_20071208.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/PortMiami" title="PortMiami">PortMiami</a> is the world's largest cruise ship port, and is the headquarters of many of the world's largest cruise companies</div></div></div>
<p>Miami is home to one of the largest ports in the United States, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PortMiami" title="PortMiami">PortMiami</a>. It is the largest cruise ship port in the world, and is often called the "Cruise Capital of the World" and the "Cargo Gateway of the Americas".<sup id="cite_ref-miamiport_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-miamiport-96">[93]</a></sup> It has retained its status as the number one cruise/passenger port in the world for well over a decade, accommodating the largest cruise ships and the major cruise lines. In 2017, the port served 5,340,559 cruise passengers.<sup id="cite_ref-portreport_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-portreport-97">[94]</a></sup> Additionally, the port is one of the nation's busiest cargo ports, importing 9,162,340 tons of cargo in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-portreport_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-portreport-97">[94]</a></sup> Among North American ports, it ranks second to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>' <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Port_of_South_Louisiana" title="Port of South Louisiana">Port of South Louisiana</a> in cargo tonnage imported from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>. The port sits on 518 acres (2 km<sup>2</sup>) and has seven passenger terminals. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> is the port's number one import country and number one export country. Miami has the world's largest amount of cruise line headquarters, home to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carnival_Cruise_Line" title="Carnival Cruise Line">Carnival Cruise Line</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Celebrity_Cruises" title="Celebrity Cruises">Celebrity Cruises</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Norwegian_Cruise_Line" title="Norwegian Cruise Line">Norwegian Cruise Line</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oceania_Cruises" title="Oceania Cruises">Oceania Cruises</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Royal_Caribbean_International" title="Royal Caribbean International">Royal Caribbean International</a>. In 2014, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Port_of_Miami_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Port of Miami Tunnel">Port of Miami Tunnel</a> was opened, connecting the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MacArthur_Causeway" title="MacArthur Causeway">MacArthur Causeway</a> to PortMiami.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98">[95]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Tourism_and_conventions">Tourism and conventions</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Tourism and conventions">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg/220px-Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg/330px-Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg/440px-Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1284" data-file-height="793" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Royal_Caribbean_International" title="Royal Caribbean International">Royal Caribbean International</a> headquarters at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Port_of_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Port of Miami">Port of Miami</a></div></div></div>
<p>Tourism is one of the Miami's largest private-sector industries, accounting for more than 144,800 jobs in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Miami-Dade County, Florida">Miami-Dade County</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99">[96]</a></sup> The city's frequent portrayal in music, film, and popular culture has made the city and its landmarks recognizable worldwide. In 2016, it attracted the second-highest number of foreign tourists of any city in the United States, after <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, and is among the top 20 cities worldwide by international visitor spending. More than 15.9 million visitors arrived in Miami in 2017, adding $26.1 billion to the economy.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100">[97]</a></sup> With a large hotel infrastructure and the newly renovated <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach_Convention_Center" title="Miami Beach Convention Center">Miami Beach Convention Center</a>, Miami is a popular destination for annual conventions and conferences.
</p><p>Some of the most popular tourist destinations in Miami include <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Beach" title="South Beach">South Beach</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lincoln_Road" title="Lincoln Road">Lincoln Road</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bayside_Marketplace" title="Bayside Marketplace">Bayside Marketplace</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Downtown_Miami" title="Greater Downtown Miami">Downtown Miami</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell_City_Centre" title="Brickell City Centre">Brickell City Centre</a>. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach_Architectural_District" title="Miami Beach Architectural District">Art Deco District</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach,_Florida" title="Miami Beach, Florida">Miami Beach</a> is reputed as one of the most glamorous in the world for its nightclubs, beaches, historical buildings, and shopping. Annual events such as the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Open_(tennis)" title="Miami Open (tennis)">Miami Open</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Art_Basel" title="Art Basel">Art Basel</a>, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Winter_Music_Conference" title="Winter Music Conference">Winter Music Conference</a>, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Food_Network_South_Beach_Wine_and_Food_Festival" title="Food Network South Beach Wine and Food Festival">South Beach Wine and Food Festival</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Week_Miami" title="Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami">Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami</a> attract millions to the metropolis every year.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Culture">Culture</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Miami" title="LGBT culture in Miami">LGBT culture in Miami</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_films_and_television_shows_set_in_Miami" title="List of films and television shows set in Miami">List of films and television shows set in Miami</a></div>
<p>Miami enjoys a vibrant culture that is influenced by a diverse population from all around the world. Miami is known as the "Magic City" for seemingly popping up overnight due to its young age, massive growth, and its aesthetics of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Art_Deco_in_the_United_States" title="Art Deco in the United States">neon art deco</a>. The city itself is infamous for its <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_drug_war" title="Miami drug war">drug war</a> in the early 80s and its outrun aesthetics.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101">[98]</a></sup> It is also nicknamed the "Capital of Latin America" because of its high population of Spanish-speakers.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102">[99]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103">[100]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami has been the setting of numerous films and television shows, including <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Vice" title="Miami Vice">Miami Vice</a></i>, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cocaine_Cowboys_(2006_film)" title="Cocaine Cowboys (2006 film)">Cocaine Cowboys</a></i>, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Burn_Notice" title="Burn Notice">Burn Notice</a></i>, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jane_the_Virgin" title="Jane the Virgin">Jane the Virgin</a></i>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scarface_(1983_film)" title="Scarface (1983 film)"><i>Scarface</i></a>, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Birdcage" title="The Birdcage">The Birdcage</a></i>, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ace_Ventura:_Pet_Detective" title="Ace Ventura: Pet Detective">Ace Ventura: Pet Detective</a></i>, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Golden_Girls" title="The Golden Girls">The Golden Girls</a></i>, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/2_Fast_2_Furious" title="2 Fast 2 Furious">2 fast 2 furious</a></i>, and <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dexter_(TV_series)" title="Dexter (TV series)">Dexter</a></i>. Several video games, including the gameloft classic <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asphalt_Overdrive" title="Asphalt Overdrive">Asphalt Overdrive</a></i>, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scarface:_The_World_Is_Yours" title="Scarface: The World Is Yours">Scarface</a></i> video game franchise, and the fictional <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vice_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice city">Vice City</a> in several video games across the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grand_Theft_Auto" title="Grand Theft Auto">Grand Theft Auto</a></i> series, most notably <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grand_Theft_Auto:_Vice_City" title="Grand Theft Auto: Vice City">Grand Theft Auto: Vice City</a></i>, is based on Miami.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104">[101]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Entertainment_and_performing_arts">Entertainment and performing arts</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Entertainment and performing arts">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_of_Miami" title="Music of Miami">Music of Miami</a></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Knightconcerthall.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Knightconcerthall.jpg/220px-Knightconcerthall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Knightconcerthall.jpg/330px-Knightconcerthall.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Knightconcerthall.jpg/440px-Knightconcerthall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Knightconcerthall.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adrienne_Arsht_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts">Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts</a>, the second-largest performing arts center in the United States</div></div></div>
<p>In addition to annual festivals like the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Calle_Ocho_Festival" title="Calle Ocho Festival">Calle Ocho Festival</a>, Miami is home to many entertainment venues, theaters, museums, parks and performing arts centers. The newest addition to the Miami arts scene is the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adrienne_Arsht_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts">Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts</a>, home of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Grand_Opera" title="Florida Grand Opera">Florida Grand Opera</a> and the second-largest performing arts center in the United States after <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lincoln_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts">Lincoln Center</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105">[102]</a></sup> The center attracts many large-scale operas, ballets, concerts, and musicals from around the world. Other performing arts venues in Miami include the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Olympia_Theater_(Miami)" title="Olympia Theater (Miami)">Olympia Theater</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wertheim_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Wertheim Performing Arts Center">Wertheim Performing Arts Center</a>, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fair_Expo_Center" title="Fair Expo Center">Fair Expo Center</a>, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tower_Theater_(Miami,_Florida)" title="Tower Theater (Miami, Florida)">Tower Theater</a>, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bayfront_Park" title="Bayfront Park">Bayfront Park Amphitheater</a>.
</p><p>Another celebrated event is the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Film_Festival" title="Miami International Film Festival">Miami International Film Festival</a>, taking place every year for 10 days around the first week of March, during which independent international and American films are screened across the city. Miami has over a half dozen independent film theaters.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106">[103]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami attracts a large number of musicians, singers, actors, dancers, and orchestral players. The city has numerous orchestras, symphonies and performing art conservatories. These include the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Grand_Opera" title="Florida Grand Opera">Florida Grand Opera</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_International_University" title="Florida International University">FIU School of Music</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frost_School_of_Music" title="Frost School of Music">Frost School of Music</a>, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_World_School_of_the_Arts" title="New World School of the Arts">New World School of the Arts</a>.
</p><p>Miami is also a major fashion center, home to models and some of the top modeling agencies in the world. The city is host to many fashion shows and events, including the annual <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Fashion_Week" title="Miami Fashion Week">Miami Fashion Week</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Week_Miami" title="Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami">Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami</a>, held in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wynwood_Art_District" title="Wynwood Art District">Wynwood Art District</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107">[104]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami will be having their first boat-in movie theater on Saturday, July 25, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-miamiherald.com_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-miamiherald.com-108">[105]</a></sup> This idea came about because of the social distancing efforts amid the COVID-19-Pandemic. The event is $50 per boat and there is no swimming allowed in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-miamiherald.com_108-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-miamiherald.com-108">[105]</a></sup> Guests are expected to bring their own boat and to remain inside of it for safety. Other cities implementing similar ideas are: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Museums_and_visual_arts">Museums and visual arts</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Museums and visual arts">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>Some of the museums in Miami include the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frost_Art_Museum" title="Frost Art Museum">Frost Art Museum</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phillip_and_Patricia_Frost_Museum_of_Science" title="Phillip and Patricia Frost Museum of Science">Frost Museum of Science</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/HistoryMiami" title="HistoryMiami">HistoryMiami</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Institute_of_Contemporary_Art_(Miami)" title="Institute of Contemporary Art (Miami)">Institute of Contemporary Art</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Children%27s_Museum" title="Miami Children's Museum">Miami Children's Museum</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/P%C3%A9rez_Art_Museum_Miami" title="Pérez Art Museum Miami">Pérez Art Museum</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lowe_Art_Museum" title="Lowe Art Museum">Lowe Art Museum</a>, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vizcaya_Museum_and_Gardens" title="Vizcaya Museum and Gardens">Vizcaya Museum and Gardens</a>, a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> set on a 28-acre early 20th century estate in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Coconut Grove, Florida">Coconut Grove</a>.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cuisine">Cuisine</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Cuisine">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>The cuisine of Miami is a reflection of its diverse population, with a heavy influence from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Caribbean_cuisine" title="Caribbean cuisine">Caribbean</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Latin_American_cuisine" title="Latin American cuisine">Latin American cuisine</a>. By combining the two with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/American_cuisine" title="American cuisine">American cuisine</a>, it has spawned a unique <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Florida" title="South Florida">South Florida</a> style of cooking known as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Floribbean_cuisine" title="Floribbean cuisine">Floribbean cuisine</a>. It is widely available throughout Miami and South Florida and can be found in restaurant chains such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pollo_Tropical" title="Pollo Tropical">Pollo Tropical</a>.
</p><p>Cuban immigrants in the 1960s originated the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cuban_sandwich" title="Cuban sandwich">Cuban sandwich</a> and brought <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Medianoche" title="Medianoche">medianoche</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cuban_espresso" title="Cuban espresso">Cuban espresso</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Croquette" title="Croquette">croquetas</a>, all of which have grown in popularity among all Miamians and have become symbols of the city's varied cuisine. Today, these are part of the local culture and can be found throughout the city at window cafés, particularly outside of supermarkets and restaurants.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109">[106]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110">[107]</a></sup> Some of these locations, such as the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Versailles_restaurant" class="mw-redirect" title="Versailles restaurant">Versailles restaurant</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Havana" title="Little Havana">Little Havana</a>, are landmark eateries of Miami. Located on the Atlantic Ocean, and with a long history as a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Port" title="Port">seaport</a>, Miami is also known for its seafood, with many seafood restaurants located along the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_River_(Florida)" title="Miami River (Florida)">Miami River</a> and in and around Biscayne Bay.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111">[108]</a></sup> The city is also the headquarters of restaurant chains such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Burger_King" title="Burger King">Burger King</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Benihana" title="Benihana">Benihana</a>.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Dialect">Dialect</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Dialect">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_accent" title="Miami accent">Miami accent</a></div>
<p>The Miami area has a unique dialect, commonly called the "<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_accent" title="Miami accent">Miami accent</a>", that is widely spoken. The accent developed among second- or third-generation <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanics</a>, including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cuban_Americans" title="Cuban Americans">Cuban Americans</a>, whose first language was English (though some <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">non-Hispanic white</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">black</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States">other races</a> who were born and raised in the Miami area tend to adopt it as well).<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112">[109]</a></sup> It is based on a fairly <a href="/enwiki/wiki/General_American" class="mw-redirect" title="General American">standard American accent</a> but with some changes, very similar to dialects in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</a> (especially those in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_City_English" title="New York City English">New York area</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Jersey_English" title="New Jersey English">Northern New Jersey</a>, including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_Latino_English" title="New York Latino English">New York Latino English</a>). Unlike <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piedmont_region_of_Virginia" title="Piedmont region of Virginia">Virginia Piedmont</a>, Coastal Southern American, Northeast American dialects and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Cracker" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida Cracker">Florida Cracker</a> dialect, "Miami accent" is <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rhoticity_in_English" title="Rhoticity in English">rhotic</a>; it also incorporates a rhythm and pronunciation heavily influenced by Spanish (wherein rhythm is <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Isochrony#syllable_timing" title="Isochrony">syllable-timed</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113">[110]</a></sup>
</p><p>This is a native dialect of English, not learner English or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Interlanguage" title="Interlanguage">interlanguage</a>; it is possible to differentiate this variety from an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Interlanguage" title="Interlanguage">interlanguage</a> spoken by second-language speakers in that the "Miami accent" does <i>not</i> generally display the following features: there is no <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Epenthesis" title="Epenthesis">addition</a> of <span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/ɛ/</span> before initial consonant clusters with <span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/s/</span>, speakers do not confuse of <span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/dʒ/</span> with <span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/j/</span>, (e.g., <i>Yale</i> with <i>jail</i>), and /r/ and /rr/ are pronounced as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alveolar_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar approximant">alveolar approximant [<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">ɹ</span>]</a> instead of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alveolar_tap" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar tap">alveolar tap</a> <span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">[ɾ]</span> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alveolar_trill" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar trill">alveolar trill</a> [r] in Spanish.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114">[111]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115">[112]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116">[113]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117">[114]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Sports">Sports</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sports_in_Miami" title="Sports in Miami">Sports in Miami</a></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg/220px-200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg/330px-200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg/440px-200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4975" data-file-height="2702" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hard_Rock_Stadium" title="Hard Rock Stadium">Hard Rock Stadium</a>, home venue for the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Dolphins" title="Miami Dolphins">Miami Dolphins</a> (NFL) and site for College Football Playoff's (CFP) <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Orange_Bowl" title="Orange Bowl">Orange Bowl</a></div></div></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_Jai_Alai_fronton.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Miami_Jai_Alai_fronton.jpg/220px-Miami_Jai_Alai_fronton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Miami_Jai_Alai_fronton.jpg/330px-Miami_Jai_Alai_fronton.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Miami_Jai_Alai_fronton.jpg/440px-Miami_Jai_Alai_fronton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_Jai_Alai_fronton.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Miami Jai Alai fronton, known as "The Yankee Stadium of Jai Alai"</div></div></div>
<p>Miami's main five sports teams are <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Inter_Miami_CF" title="Inter Miami CF">Inter Miami CF</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a> (MLS),<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118">[115]</a></sup> the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Dolphins" title="Miami Dolphins">Miami Dolphins</a> of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (NFL), the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Heat" title="Miami Heat">Miami Heat</a> of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a> (NBA),<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119">[116]</a></sup> the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Marlins" title="Miami Marlins">Miami Marlins</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> (MLB),<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120">[117]</a></sup> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Panthers" title="Florida Panthers">Florida Panthers</a> of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> (NHL).<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121">[118]</a></sup> The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Open_(tennis)" title="Miami Open (tennis)">Miami Open</a>, an annual tennis tournament, was previously held in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Key_Biscayne,_Florida" title="Key Biscayne, Florida">Key Biscayne</a> before moving to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hard_Rock_Stadium" title="Hard Rock Stadium">Hard Rock Stadium</a> after the tournament was purchased by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Dolphins" title="Miami Dolphins">Miami Dolphins</a> owner <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stephen_M._Ross" title="Stephen M. Ross">Stephen Ross</a> in 2019. The city is home to numerous <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marina" title="Marina">marinas</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jai_alai" title="Jai alai">jai alai</a> venues, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Golf_course" title="Golf course">golf courses</a>. The city streets have hosted professional auto races in the past, most notably the open-wheel <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grand_Prix_of_Miami_(open_wheel_racing)" title="Grand Prix of Miami (open wheel racing)">Grand Prix of Miami</a>, the sports car <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grand_Prix_of_Miami_(sports_car_racing)" title="Grand Prix of Miami (sports car racing)">Grand Prix of Miami</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Grand_Prix" title="Miami Grand Prix">Miami Grand Prix</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122">[119]</a></sup> The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Homestead%E2%80%93Miami_Speedway" title="Homestead–Miami Speedway">Homestead-Miami Speedway</a> oval hosts <a href="/enwiki/wiki/NASCAR" title="NASCAR">NASCAR</a> races.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123">[120]</a></sup>
</p><p>The Heat and the Marlins play within Miami's city limits, at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/FTX_Arena" title="FTX Arena">FTX Arena</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Downtown_Miami" title="Greater Downtown Miami">Downtown</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/LoanDepot_Park" title="LoanDepot Park">LoanDepot Park</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Havana" title="Little Havana">Little Havana</a>, respectively. Marlins Park is built on the site of the old <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Orange_Bowl" title="Miami Orange Bowl">Miami Orange Bowl</a> stadium.
</p><p>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Dolphins" title="Miami Dolphins">Miami Dolphins</a> play at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hard_Rock_Stadium" title="Hard Rock Stadium">Hard Rock Stadium</a> in suburban <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Gardens,_Florida" title="Miami Gardens, Florida">Miami Gardens</a>, while the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Panthers" title="Florida Panthers">Florida Panthers</a> play in nearby <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunrise,_Florida" title="Sunrise, Florida">Sunrise</a> at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/FLA_Live_Arena" title="FLA Live Arena">FLA Live Arena</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Inter_Miami_CF" title="Inter Miami CF">Inter Miami CF</a> plays at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/DRV_PNK_Stadium" title="DRV PNK Stadium">DRV PNK Stadium</a> in nearby <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale</a>, temporarily until a stadium is built in Miami.
</p><p>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Orange_Bowl" title="Orange Bowl">Orange Bowl</a>, one of the major bowl games in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/College_Football_Playoff" title="College Football Playoff">College Football Playoff</a> of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a>, is played at Hard Rock Stadium every winter. The stadium has also hosted the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Super_Bowl" title="Super Bowl">Super Bowl</a>; the Miami metro area has hosted the game a total of ten times (five times at the current Hard Rock Stadium and five at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Orange_Bowl" title="Miami Orange Bowl">Miami Orange Bowl</a>), tying New Orleans for the most games.
</p><p>Miami is also the home of many college sports teams. The two largest are the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Hurricanes" title="Miami Hurricanes">Hurricanes</a>, whose <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Hurricanes_football" title="Miami Hurricanes football">football team</a> plays at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hard_Rock_Stadium" title="Hard Rock Stadium">Hard Rock Stadium</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_International_University" title="Florida International University">Florida International University</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/FIU_Panthers" title="FIU Panthers">Panthers</a>, whose <a href="/enwiki/wiki/FIU_Panthers_football" title="FIU Panthers football">football team</a> plays at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Riccardo_Silva_Stadium" title="Riccardo Silva Stadium">Ricardo Silva Stadium</a>. The Hurricanes compete in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atlantic_Coast_Conference" title="Atlantic Coast Conference">Atlantic Coast Conference</a> (ACC), while the Panthers compete in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Conference_USA" title="Conference USA">Conference USA</a> of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">National Collegiate Athletic Association</a>.
</p><p>Miami is also home to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paso_Fino" title="Paso Fino">Paso Fino</a> horses, and competitions are held at Tropical Park Equestrian Center.
</p><p>The following table (below) shows the major professional in the Miami metro area:
</p>
<table class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto; width:100%;">
<caption><b>Miami major league professional sports teams</b>
</caption>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Club
</th>
<th>Sport
</th>
<th>Miami Area since
</th>
<th>League
</th>
<th>Venue
</th>
<th>League Championships
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Dolphins" title="Miami Dolphins">Miami Dolphins</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a>
</td>
<td>1965
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hard_Rock_Stadium" title="Hard Rock Stadium">Hard Rock Stadium</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1972_NFL_season" title="1972 NFL season">1972</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Super_Bowl_VII" title="Super Bowl VII">VII</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/1973_NFL_season" title="1973 NFL season">1973</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Super_Bowl_VIII" title="Super Bowl VIII">VIII</a>)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Panthers" title="Florida Panthers">Florida Panthers</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">Ice hockey</a>
</td>
<td>1993
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/FLA_Live_Arena" title="FLA Live Arena">FLA Live Arena</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Heat" title="Miami Heat">Miami Heat</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">Basketball</a>
</td>
<td>1988
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/FTX_Arena" title="FTX Arena">FTX Arena</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/2006_NBA_Finals" title="2006 NBA Finals">2006</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/2012_NBA_Finals" title="2012 NBA Finals">2012</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/2013_NBA_Finals" title="2013 NBA Finals">2013</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Marlins" title="Miami Marlins">Miami Marlins</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a>
</td>
<td>1993
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/LoanDepot_Park" title="LoanDepot Park">LoanDepot Park</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1997_World_Series" title="1997 World Series">1997</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/2003_World_Series" title="2003 World Series">2003</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Inter_Miami_CF" title="Inter Miami CF">Inter Miami CF</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Soccer</a>
</td>
<td>2018
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DRV_PNK_Stadium" title="DRV PNK Stadium">DRV PNK Stadium</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Beaches_and_parks">Beaches and parks</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Beaches and parks">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Bayfront_Park_-_panoramio_(5).jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Bayfront_Park_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg/220px-Bayfront_Park_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Bayfront_Park_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg/330px-Bayfront_Park_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Bayfront_Park_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg/440px-Bayfront_Park_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Bayfront_Park_-_panoramio_(5).jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Bayfront Park</div></div></div>
<p>The City of Miami has various lands operated by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>, the Florida Division of Recreation and Parks, and the City of Miami Department of Parks and Recreation.
</p><p>Miami's tropical weather allows for year-round outdoor activities. The city has numerous marinas, rivers, bays, canals, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, which make boating, sailing, and fishing popular outdoor activities. Biscayne Bay has numerous <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_reef" title="Coral reef">coral reefs</a> that make <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Snorkeling" title="Snorkeling">snorkeling</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scuba_diving" title="Scuba diving">scuba diving</a> popular. There are over 80 parks and gardens in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124">[121]</a></sup> The largest and most popular parks are <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bayfront_Park" title="Bayfront Park">Bayfront Park</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Museum_Park_(Miami)" title="Museum Park (Miami)">Museum Park</a> (located in the heart of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Downtown_Miami" title="Greater Downtown Miami">Downtown</a> and the location of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/FTX_Arena" title="FTX Arena">FTX Arena</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bayside_Marketplace" title="Bayside Marketplace">Bayside Marketplace</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tropical_Park" title="Tropical Park">Tropical Park</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peacock_Park" title="Peacock Park">Peacock Park</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virginia_Key" title="Virginia Key">Virginia Key</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Watson_Island" title="Watson Island">Watson Island</a>.
</p><p>Other popular cultural destinations in or near Miami include <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zoo_Miami" title="Zoo Miami">Zoo Miami</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125">[122]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jungle_Island" title="Jungle Island">Jungle Island</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126">[123]</a></sup> the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Seaquarium" title="Miami Seaquarium">Miami Seaquarium</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127">[124]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Monkey_Jungle" title="Monkey Jungle">Monkey Jungle</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128">[125]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Castle" title="Coral Castle">Coral Castle</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charles_Deering_Estate" title="Charles Deering Estate">Charles Deering Estate</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130">[127]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fairchild_Tropical_Botanic_Garden" title="Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden">Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Key_Biscayne" title="Key Biscayne">Key Biscayne</a>.
</p><p>In its 2020 ParkScore ranking, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Trust_for_Public_Land" title="The Trust for Public Land">The Trust for Public Land</a> reported that the park system in the City of Miami was the 64th best park system among the 100 most populous US cities,<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131">[128]</a></sup> down slightly from 48th place in the 2017 ranking.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132">[129]</a></sup> The City of Miami was analyzed to have a median park size of 2.6 acres, park land as percent of city area of 6.5%, 87% of residents living within a 10-minute walk of a park, $48.39 spending per capita of park services, and 1.3 playgrounds per 10,000 residents.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133">[130]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Law_and_government">Law and government</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Law and government">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Government_of_the_City_of_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the City of Miami">Government of the City of Miami</a></div>
<p>The government of the City of Miami uses the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mayor-council_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor-council government">mayor-commissioner</a> type of system. The city commission consists of five commissioners that are elected from single member districts. The city commission constitutes the governing body with powers to pass ordinances, adopt regulations, and exercise all powers conferred upon the city in the city charter. The mayor is elected at large and appoints a city manager. The City of Miami is governed by Mayor <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Francis_X._Suarez" title="Francis X. Suarez">Francis X. Suarez</a> and 5 city commissioners that oversee the five districts in the city. The commission's regular meetings are held at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_City_Hall" title="Miami City Hall">Miami City Hall</a>, which is located at 3500 Pan American Drive on <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dinner_Key" title="Dinner Key">Dinner Key</a> in the neighborhood of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove,_Miami,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Coconut Grove, Miami, Florida">Coconut Grove</a>. In the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a>, Miami is represented by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maria_Elvira_Salazar" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria Elvira Salazar">Maria Elvira Salazar</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frederica_Wilson" title="Frederica Wilson">Frederica Wilson</a>.
</p>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_FL_Pan_Am_Bldg_city_hall02.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Miami_FL_Pan_Am_Bldg_city_hall02.jpg/220px-Miami_FL_Pan_Am_Bldg_city_hall02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Miami_FL_Pan_Am_Bldg_city_hall02.jpg/330px-Miami_FL_Pan_Am_Bldg_city_hall02.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Miami_FL_Pan_Am_Bldg_city_hall02.jpg/440px-Miami_FL_Pan_Am_Bldg_city_hall02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_FL_Pan_Am_Bldg_city_hall02.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Miami City Hall at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dinner_Key" title="Dinner Key">Dinner Key</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove" title="Coconut Grove">Coconut Grove</a>. The city's primary administrative offices are held here.</div></div></div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="City_Commission">City Commission</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: City Commission">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Miami" title="List of mayors of Miami">List of mayors of Miami</a></div>
<ol><li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Francis_X._Suarez" title="Francis X. Suarez">Francis X. Suarez</a> – Mayor of the City of Miami</b></li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alex_Diaz_de_la_Portilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Alex Diaz de la Portilla">Alex Diaz de la Portilla</a> – Miami Commissioner, District 1</b></li></ol>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Allapattah" title="Allapattah">Allapattah</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grapeland_Heights" title="Grapeland Heights">Grapeland Heights</a></dd></dl></dd></dl>
<ul><li><b>Ken Russell – Miami Commissioner, District 2</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arts_%26_Entertainment_District" title="Arts & Entertainment District">Arts & Entertainment District</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell" title="Brickell">Brickell</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove" title="Coconut Grove">Coconut Grove</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Way" title="Coral Way">Coral Way</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Downtown Miami">Downtown Miami</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edgewater_(Miami)" title="Edgewater (Miami)">Edgewater</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Midtown_Miami" title="Midtown Miami">Midtown Miami</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Park_West_(Miami)" title="Park West (Miami)">Park West</a> and the South part <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Upper_Eastside" title="Upper Eastside">Upper Eastside</a></dd></dl></dd></dl>
<ul><li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Joe_Carollo" title="Joe Carollo">Joe Carollo</a> – Miami Commissioner, District 3</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Way" title="Coral Way">Coral Way</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Havana" title="Little Havana">Little Havana</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Roads" title="The Roads">The Roads</a></dd></dl></dd></dl>
<ul><li><b>Manolo Reyes – Miami Commissioner, District 4</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Way" title="Coral Way">Coral Way</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flagami" title="Flagami">Flagami</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Flagler" title="West Flagler">West Flagler</a></dd></dl></dd></dl>
<ul><li><b>Jeffrey Watson – Miami Commissioner, District 5</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buena_Vista_(Miami)" title="Buena Vista (Miami)">Buena Vista</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Design_District" title="Miami Design District">Design District</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Liberty_City_(Miami)" title="Liberty City (Miami)">Liberty City</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Haiti" title="Little Haiti">Little Haiti</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_River_(Miami)" title="Little River (Miami)">Little River</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lummus_Park_Historic_District" title="Lummus Park Historic District">Lummus Park</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Overtown_(Miami)" title="Overtown (Miami)">Overtown</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spring_Garden_(Miami)" title="Spring Garden (Miami)">Spring Garden</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wynwood" title="Wynwood">Wynwood</a> and northern part of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Upper_Eastside" title="Upper Eastside">Upper Eastside</a></dd></dl></dd></dl>
<ul><li><b>Arthur Noriega – City Manager</b></li>
<li><b>Victoria Méndez – City Attorney</b></li>
<li><b>Todd B. Hannon – City Clerk</b></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Education">Education</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Florida_International_University.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Florida_International_University.jpg/220px-Florida_International_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Florida_International_University.jpg/330px-Florida_International_University.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Florida_International_University.jpg/440px-Florida_International_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Florida_International_University.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_International_University" title="Florida International University">Florida International University</a>, with its main campus in nearby <a href="/enwiki/wiki/University_Park,_Florida" title="University Park, Florida">University Park</a>, is the largest university in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Florida" title="South Florida">South Florida</a> and the fourth largest university by enrollment size in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. It is also one of Florida's primary research universities.</div></div></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:University_of_Miami_Otto_G._Richter_Library.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/University_of_Miami_Otto_G._Richter_Library.jpg/220px-University_of_Miami_Otto_G._Richter_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/University_of_Miami_Otto_G._Richter_Library.jpg/330px-University_of_Miami_Otto_G._Richter_Library.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/University_of_Miami_Otto_G._Richter_Library.jpg/440px-University_of_Miami_Otto_G._Richter_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:University_of_Miami_Otto_G._Richter_Library.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Founded in 1925, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a> is in nearby <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Gables,_Florida" title="Coral Gables, Florida">Coral Gables</a>. It is one of the top ranked institutions of higher education in the United States.</div></div></div>
<p>Miami-Dade County has over 200,000 students enrolled in local colleges and universities, placing it seventh in the nation in per capita university enrollment. In 2010, the city's four largest colleges and universities (MDC, FIU, UM, and Barry) graduated 28,000 students.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134">[131]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami is also home to both for-profit and nonprofit organizations that offer a range of professional training and other, related educational programs. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Per_Scholas" title="Per Scholas"><i>Per</i> Scholas</a>, for example is a nonprofit organization that offers free professional certification training directed towards successfully passing <a href="/enwiki/wiki/CompTIA" title="CompTIA">CompTIA</a> A+ and Network+ certification exams as a route to securing jobs and building careers.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135">[132]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136">[133]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137">[134]</a></sup>
</p><p>Colleges and universities in and around Miami:
</p>
<ol><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barry_University" title="Barry University">Barry University</a> (private)<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138">[135]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broward_College" title="Broward College">Broward College</a> (public)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carlos_Albizu_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlos Albizu University">Carlos Albizu University</a> (private)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Atlantic_University" title="Florida Atlantic University">Florida Atlantic University</a> (public)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_International_University" title="Florida International University">Florida International University</a> (public)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Memorial_University" title="Florida Memorial University">Florida Memorial University</a> (private)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Keiser_University" title="Keiser University">Keiser University</a> (private)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manchester_Business_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchester Business School">Manchester Business School</a> (satellite location, UK public)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Culinary_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Culinary Institute">Miami Culinary Institute</a> (public)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Dade_College" title="Miami Dade College">Miami Dade College</a> (public)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_University_of_Art_%26_Design" title="Miami International University of Art & Design">Miami International University of Art & Design</a> (private)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nova_Southeastern_University" title="Nova Southeastern University">Nova Southeastern University</a> (private)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Beach_State_College" title="Palm Beach State College">Palm Beach State College</a> (public)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Thomas_University_(Florida)" title="St. Thomas University (Florida)">St. Thomas University</a> (private)<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139">[136]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southeastern_College" title="Southeastern College">Southeastern College</a> (private)<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140">[137]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Talmudic_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Talmudic University">Talmudic University</a> (private)<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141">[138]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a> (private)<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142">[139]</a></sup></li></ol>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Primary_and_secondary_schools">Primary and secondary schools</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary schools">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County_Public_Schools" title="Miami-Dade County Public Schools">Miami-Dade County Public Schools</a></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_Senior_High_School_July_2013.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Miami_Senior_High_School_July_2013.jpg/300px-Miami_Senior_High_School_July_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Miami_Senior_High_School_July_2013.jpg/450px-Miami_Senior_High_School_July_2013.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Miami_Senior_High_School_July_2013.jpg/600px-Miami_Senior_High_School_July_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="2752" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_Senior_High_School_July_2013.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Senior_High_School" title="Miami Senior High School">Miami Senior High School</a>, founded in 1903, is Miami's first high school</div></div></div>
<p>Public schools in Miami are governed by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County_Public_Schools" title="Miami-Dade County Public Schools">Miami-Dade County Public Schools</a>, which is the largest school district in Florida and the fourth-largest in the United States. As of September 2008 it has a student enrollment of 385,655 and over 392 schools and centers. The district is also the largest minority public school system in the country, with 60% of its students being of Hispanic origin, 28% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">Black</a> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Indian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="West Indian American">West Indian American</a>, 10% <a href="/enwiki/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White (non-Hispanic)</a> and 2% non-white of other minorities.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143">[140]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami is home to some of the nation's best high schools, such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Design_and_Architecture_High_School" title="Design and Architecture High School">Design and Architecture High School</a>, ranked the nation's best <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Magnet_school" title="Magnet school">magnet school</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MAST_Academy" title="MAST Academy">MAST Academy</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Reef_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Coral Reef High School">Coral Reef High School</a>, ranked 20th-best public high school in the U.S., <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Palmetto_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Palmetto High School">Miami Palmetto High School</a>, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_World_School_of_the_Arts" title="New World School of the Arts">New World School of the Arts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144">[141]</a></sup> M-DCPS is also one of a few public school districts in the United States to offer optional <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bilingual_education" title="Bilingual education">bilingual education</a> in Spanish, French, German, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haitian_Creole" title="Haitian Creole">Haitian Creole</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Mandarin Chinese</a>.
</p><p>Miami is home to several well-known Roman Catholic, Jewish and non-denominational private schools. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Miami">Archdiocese of Miami</a> operates the city's Catholic private schools, which include St. Hugh Catholic School, St. Agatha Catholic School, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Theresa_School_(Coral_Gables,_Florida)" title="St. Theresa School (Coral Gables, Florida)">St. Theresa School</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Immaculata-Lasalle_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Immaculata-Lasalle High School">Immaculata-Lasalle High School</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Monsignor_Edward_Pace_High_School" title="Monsignor Edward Pace High School">Monsignor Edward Pace High School</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Archbishop_Curley-Notre_Dame_High_School" title="Archbishop Curley-Notre Dame High School">Archbishop Curley-Notre Dame High School</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Brendan_High_School" title="St. Brendan High School">St. Brendan High School</a>, among numerous other Catholic elementary and high schools.
</p><p>Catholic preparatory schools operated by religious orders are <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Belen_Jesuit_Preparatory_School" title="Belen Jesuit Preparatory School">Belen Jesuit Preparatory School</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christopher_Columbus_High_School_(Miami,_Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher Columbus High School (Miami, Florida)">Christopher Columbus High School</a> for boys and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carrollton_School_of_the_Sacred_Heart" title="Carrollton School of the Sacred Heart">Carrollton School of the Sacred Heart</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Lourdes_Academy" title="Our Lady of Lourdes Academy">Our Lady of Lourdes Academy</a> for girls.
</p><p>Non-denominational private schools in Miami are <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ransom_Everglades_School" title="Ransom Everglades School">Ransom Everglades</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gulliver_Preparatory_School" title="Gulliver Preparatory School">Gulliver Preparatory School</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Country_Day_School" title="Miami Country Day School">Miami Country Day School</a>. Other schools in the area include <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Samuel_Scheck_Hillel_Community_Day_School" title="Samuel Scheck Hillel Community Day School">Samuel Scheck Hillel Community Day School</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dade_Christian_School" title="Dade Christian School">Dade Christian School</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palmer_Trinity_School" title="Palmer Trinity School">Palmer Trinity School</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Westminster_Christian_School_(Florida)" title="Westminster Christian School (Florida)">Westminster Christian School</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Riviera_Schools" title="Riviera Schools">Riviera Schools</a>.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Supplementary_education">Supplementary education</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Supplementary education">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Hoshuko" title="Miami Hoshuko">Miami Hoshuko</a>, is a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hoshuko" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoshuko">part-time Japanese school</a> for Japanese citizens and ethnic Japanese people in the area. Previously it was located on <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virginia_Key" title="Virginia Key">Virginia Key</a>, at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145">[142]</a></sup> Currently the school holds classes in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Westchester,_Florida" title="Westchester, Florida">Westchester</a> and has offices in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Doral,_Florida" title="Doral, Florida">Doral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miamihoshu_146-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miamihoshu-146">[143]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Media">Media</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Media_in_Miami" title="Media in Miami">Media in Miami</a></div>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Florida" title="List of newspapers in Florida">List of newspapers in Florida</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Florida" title="List of radio stations in Florida">List of radio stations in Florida</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Florida" title="List of television stations in Florida">List of television stations in Florida</a></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_Herald_building.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Miami_Herald_building.jpg/220px-Miami_Herald_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Miami_Herald_building.jpg/330px-Miami_Herald_building.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Miami_Herald_building.jpg/440px-Miami_Herald_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_Herald_building.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Former headquarters of the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Herald" title="Miami Herald">Miami Herald</a></i></div></div></div>
<p>Miami has one of the largest television markets in the nation and the second largest in the state of Florida after <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tampa_Bay_area" title="Tampa Bay area">Tampa Bay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147">[144]</a></sup> Miami has several major newspapers, the main and largest newspaper being <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Miami_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="The Miami Herald">The Miami Herald</a></i>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Nuevo_Herald" title="El Nuevo Herald">El Nuevo Herald</a></i> is the major and largest Spanish-language newspaper. <i>The Miami Herald</i> and <i>El Nuevo Herald</i> are Miami's and South Florida's main, major and largest newspapers. The papers left their longtime home in downtown Miami in 2013. The newspapers are now headquartered at the former home of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Southern_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Southern Command">U.S. Southern Command</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Doral,_Florida" title="Doral, Florida">Doral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148">[145]</a></sup>
</p><p>Other major newspapers include <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Today" title="Miami Today">Miami Today</a></i>, headquartered in Brickell, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_New_Times" title="Miami New Times">Miami New Times</a></i>, headquartered in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Midtown_Miami" title="Midtown Miami">Midtown</a>, <i>Miami Sun Post</i>, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Florida_Business_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="South Florida Business Journal">South Florida Business Journal</a></i>, <i>Miami Times</i>, and <i>Biscayne Boulevard Times</i>. An additional Spanish-language newspapers, <i>Diario Las Americas</i> also serve Miami. <i>The Miami Herald</i> is Miami's primary newspaper with over a million readers and is headquartered in Downtown in Herald Plaza. Several other student newspapers from the local universities, such as the oldest, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a>'s <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Miami_Hurricane" title="The Miami Hurricane">The Miami Hurricane</a></i>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_International_University" title="Florida International University">Florida International University</a>'s <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Beacon_(Florida_International_University)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Beacon (Florida International University)">The Beacon</a></i>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami-Dade College">Miami-Dade College</a>'s <i>The Metropolis</i>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barry_University" title="Barry University">Barry University</a>'s <i>The Buccaneer</i>, amongst others. Many neighborhoods and neighboring areas also have their own local newspapers such as the <i>Aventura News</i>, <i>Coral Gables Tribune</i>, <i>Biscayne Bay Tribune</i>, and the <i>Palmetto Bay News</i>.
</p><p>A number of magazines circulate throughout the greater Miami area, including <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Monthly" title="Miami Monthly">Miami Monthly</a></i>, Southeast Florida's only city/regional; <i>Ocean Drive</i>, a hot-spot social scene glossy; and <i>South Florida Business Leader.</i>
</p><p>Miami is also the headquarters and main production city of many of the world's largest television networks, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">record label</a> companies, broadcasting companies and production facilities, such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Telemundo" title="Telemundo">Telemundo</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Univision" title="Univision">Univision</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Univision_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Univision Communications">Univision Communications</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mega_TV_(American_TV_network)" title="Mega TV (American TV network)">Mega TV</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Universal_Music_Latin_Entertainment" title="Universal Music Latin Entertainment">Universal Music Latin Entertainment</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/RCTV_International" title="RCTV International">RCTV International</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunbeam_Television" title="Sunbeam Television">Sunbeam Television</a>. In 2009, Univision announced plans to build a new production studio in Miami, dubbed Univision Studios. Univision Studios is currently headquartered in Miami, and will produce programming for all of Univision Communications' television networks.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149">[146]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami is the twelfth largest radio market<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150">[147]</a></sup> and the seventeenth largest television market<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151">[148]</a></sup> in the United States. Television stations serving the Miami area include <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WAMI-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="WAMI-TV">WAMI</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/UniM%C3%A1s" title="UniMás">UniMás</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WBFS-TV" title="WBFS-TV">WBFS</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/MyNetworkTV" title="MyNetworkTV">MyNetworkTV</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WSFL-TV" title="WSFL-TV">WSFL</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">The CW</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WFOR-TV" title="WFOR-TV">WFOR</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Owned-and-operated_station" title="Owned-and-operated station">O&O</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WHFT" class="mw-redirect" title="WHFT">WHFT</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trinity_Broadcasting_Network" title="Trinity Broadcasting Network">TBN</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WLTV" class="mw-redirect" title="WLTV">WLTV</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Univision" title="Univision">Univision</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WPLG" title="WPLG">WPLG</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WPXM" class="mw-redirect" title="WPXM">WPXM</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/I_television_network" class="mw-redirect" title="I television network">Ion</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WSCV" title="WSCV">WSCV</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Telemundo" title="Telemundo">Telemundo</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WSVN" title="WSVN">WSVN</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WTVJ" title="WTVJ">WTVJ</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> O&O), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WPBT" title="WPBT">WPBT</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>), and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WLRN-TV" title="WLRN-TV">WLRN</a> (also PBS).
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Transportation">Transportation</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Transportation_in_South_Florida" title="Transportation in South Florida">Transportation in South Florida</a></div>
<p>According to the 2016 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a>, 72.3% of working city of Miami residents commuted by driving alone, 8.7% carpooled, 9% used public transportation, and 3.7% walked. About 1.8% used all other forms of transportation, including taxicab, motorcycle, and bicycle. About 4.5% of working city of Miami residents worked at home.<sup id="cite_ref-transittable_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-transittable-152">[149]</a></sup> In 2015, 19.9% of city of Miami households were without a car, which decreased to 18.6% in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Miami averaged 1.24 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8 per household.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153">[150]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Expressways_and_roads">Expressways and roads</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Expressways and roads">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:442px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Venetian_Causeway_South_Beach.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Venetian_Causeway_South_Beach.jpg/440px-Venetian_Causeway_South_Beach.jpg" decoding="async" width="440" height="127" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Venetian_Causeway_South_Beach.jpg/660px-Venetian_Causeway_South_Beach.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Venetian_Causeway_South_Beach.jpg/880px-Venetian_Causeway_South_Beach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3247" data-file-height="937" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Venetian_Causeway_South_Beach.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venetian_Causeway" title="Venetian Causeway">Venetian Causeway</a> (left) and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MacArthur_Causeway" title="MacArthur Causeway">MacArthur Causeway</a> (right) connect <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Downtown Miami">Downtown</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Beach" title="South Beach">South Beach</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Beach">Miami Beach</a>.</div></div></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:A306,_Skyline_at_twilight,_Miami,_Florida,_USA,_2010.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/A306%2C_Skyline_at_twilight%2C_Miami%2C_Florida%2C_USA%2C_2010.JPG/220px-A306%2C_Skyline_at_twilight%2C_Miami%2C_Florida%2C_USA%2C_2010.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/A306%2C_Skyline_at_twilight%2C_Miami%2C_Florida%2C_USA%2C_2010.JPG/330px-A306%2C_Skyline_at_twilight%2C_Miami%2C_Florida%2C_USA%2C_2010.JPG 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/A306%2C_Skyline_at_twilight%2C_Miami%2C_Florida%2C_USA%2C_2010.JPG/440px-A306%2C_Skyline_at_twilight%2C_Miami%2C_Florida%2C_USA%2C_2010.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:A306,_Skyline_at_twilight,_Miami,_Florida,_USA,_2010.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_886" title="Florida State Road 886">State Road 886</a> (Port Boulevard) connects downtown and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PortMiami" title="PortMiami">PortMiami</a> by bridge over <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biscayne_Bay" title="Biscayne Bay">Biscayne Bay</a>.</div></div></div>
<p>Miami's road system is based along the numerical Miami grid where <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flagler_Street" title="Flagler Street">Flagler Street</a> forms the east–west <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Baseline_(surveying)" title="Baseline (surveying)">baseline</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Avenue" title="Miami Avenue">Miami Avenue</a> forms the north–south <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Meridian_(geography)" title="Meridian (geography)">meridian</a>. The corner of Flagler Street and Miami Avenue is in the middle of Downtown in front of the Downtown <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Macy%27s" title="Macy's">Macy's</a> (formerly the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Burdine%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Burdine's">Burdine's</a> headquarters). The Miami grid is primarily numerical so that, for example, all street addresses north of Flagler Street and west of Miami Avenue have "NW" in their address. Because its point of origin is in Downtown, which is close to the coast, the "NW" and "SW" quadrants are much larger than the "SE" and "NE" quadrants. Many roads, especially major ones, are also named (e.g., <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tamiami_Trail" title="Tamiami Trail">Tamiami Trail/SW 8th St</a>), although, with exceptions, the number is in more common usage among locals.
</p><p>With few exceptions, within this grid north–south roads are designated as Courts, Roads, Avenues or Places (often remembered by their acronym), while east–west roads are Streets, Terraces, Drives or occasionally Ways. Major roads in each direction are located at one mile intervals. There are 16 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/City_block" title="City block">blocks</a> to each mile on north–south avenues, and 10 blocks to each mile on east–west streets. Major north–south avenues generally end in "7" – e.g., 17th, 27th, 37th/Douglas Aves., 57th/Red Rd., 67th/Ludlam, 87th/Galloway, etc., all the way west beyond 177th/Krome Avenue. (One prominent exception is 42nd Avenue, LeJeune Road, located at the half-mile point instead.) Major east–west streets to the south of downtown are multiples of 16, though the beginning point of this system is at SW 8th St, one half mile south of Flagler ("zeroth") Street. Thus, major streets are at 8th St., 24th St./Coral Way, 40th St./Bird, 56th/Miller, 72nd/ Sunset, 88th/N. Kendall, 104th (originally S. Kendall), 120th/Montgomery, 136th/Howard, 152nd/Coral Reef, 168th/Richmond, 184th/Eureka, 200th/Quail Roost, 216th/Hainlin Mill, 232nd/Silver Palm, 248th/Coconut Palm, etc., well into the 300s. Within the grid, odd-numbered addresses are generally on the north or east side, and even-numbered addresses are on the south or west side.
</p><p>All streets and avenues in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami-Dade County">Miami-Dade County</a> follow the Miami grid, with a few exceptions, most notably in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Gables" class="mw-redirect" title="Coral Gables">Coral Gables</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hialeah">Hialeah</a>, Coconut Grove and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Beach">Miami Beach</a>. One neighborhood, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Roads" title="The Roads">The Roads</a>, is named as such because its streets run off the Miami grid at a 45-degree angle, and therefore are all named roads.
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami-Dade County">Miami-Dade County</a> is served by four Interstate Highways (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Interstate_75_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 75 (Florida)">I-75</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Interstate_95_in_Florida" title="Interstate 95 in Florida">I-95</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Interstate_195_(Florida)" title="Interstate 195 (Florida)">I-195</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Interstate_395_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 395 (Florida)">I-395</a>) and several U.S. Highways including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Route_1_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Route 1 (Florida)">U.S. Route 1</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Route_27_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Route 27 (Florida)">U.S. Route 27</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Route_41_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Route 41 (Florida)">U.S. Route 41</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Route_441_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Route 441 (Florida)">U.S. Route 441</a>.
</p><p>Some of the major <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Roads" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida State Roads">Florida State Roads</a> (and their common names) serving Miami are:
</p>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/State_Road_112_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Road 112 (Florida)">SR 112</a> (Airport Expressway): <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Interstate_95_in_Florida" title="Interstate 95 in Florida">Interstate 95</a> to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">MIA</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Homestead_Extension_of_Florida%27s_Turnpike" title="Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike">Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike</a> (SR 821): <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida%27s_Turnpike" title="Florida's Turnpike">Florida's Turnpike</a> mainline (SR 91)/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Gardens,_Florida" title="Miami Gardens, Florida">Miami Gardens</a> to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Route_1_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Route 1 (Florida)">U.S. Route 1</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_City,_Florida" title="Florida City, Florida">Florida City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/State_Road_826_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Road 826 (Florida)">SR 826</a> (Palmetto Expressway): <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Golden_Glades_Interchange" title="Golden Glades Interchange">Golden Glades Interchange</a> to U.S. Route 1/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pinecrest,_Florida" title="Pinecrest, Florida">Pinecrest</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/State_Road_836_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Road 836 (Florida)">SR 836</a> (Dolphin Expressway): Downtown to SW 137th Ave via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">MIA</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/State_Road_874_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Road 874 (Florida)">SR 874</a> (Don Shula Expressway): 826/Bird Road to Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kendall,_Florida" title="Kendall, Florida">Kendall</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/State_Road_878_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Road 878 (Florida)">SR 878</a> (Snapper Creek Expressway): SR 874/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kendall,_Florida" title="Kendall, Florida">Kendall</a> to U.S. Route 1/Pinecrest & <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Miami,_Florida" title="South Miami, Florida">South Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/State_Road_924_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Road 924 (Florida)">SR 924</a> (Gratigny Parkway) <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Lakes,_Florida" title="Miami Lakes, Florida">Miami Lakes</a> to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Opa-locka,_Florida" title="Opa-locka, Florida">Opa-locka</a></li></ul>
<div style="float:right;" class="center">
<table class="wikitable">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="3">Miami Causeways
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Name
</th>
<th>Termini
</th>
<th>Year built
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rickenbacker_Causeway" title="Rickenbacker Causeway">Rickenbacker Causeway</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell" title="Brickell">Brickell</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Key_Biscayne,_Florida" title="Key Biscayne, Florida">Key Biscayne</a>
</td>
<td>1947
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venetian_Causeway" title="Venetian Causeway">Venetian Causeway</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Downtown Miami">Downtown</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Beach" title="South Beach">South Beach</a>
</td>
<td>1912–1925
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MacArthur_Causeway" title="MacArthur Causeway">MacArthur Causeway</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Downtown Miami">Downtown</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Beach" title="South Beach">South Beach</a>
</td>
<td>1920
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Julia_Tuttle_Causeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Julia Tuttle Causeway">Julia Tuttle Causeway</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wynwood,_Miami,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Wynwood, Miami, Florida">Wynwood</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edgewater,_Miami,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgewater, Miami, Florida">Edgewater</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Beach">Miami Beach</a>
</td>
<td>1959
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_934" title="Florida State Road 934">79th Street Causeway</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Upper_Eastside,_Miami,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Eastside, Miami, Florida">Upper East Side</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Beach_(Miami_Beach)" title="North Beach (Miami Beach)">North Beach</a>
</td>
<td>1929
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broad_Causeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad Causeway">Broad Causeway</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Miami,_Florida" title="North Miami, Florida">North Miami</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bal_Harbour,_Florida" title="Bal Harbour, Florida">Bal Harbour</a>
</td>
<td>1951
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<p>Miami has six major <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Causeway" title="Causeway">causeways</a> that span over Biscayne Bay connecting the western mainland, with the eastern barrier islands along the Atlantic Ocean. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rickenbacker_Causeway" title="Rickenbacker Causeway">Rickenbacker Causeway</a> is the southernmost causeway and connects Brickell to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virginia_Key" title="Virginia Key">Virginia Key</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Key_Biscayne,_Florida" title="Key Biscayne, Florida">Key Biscayne</a>. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venetian_Causeway" title="Venetian Causeway">Venetian Causeway</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MacArthur_Causeway" title="MacArthur Causeway">MacArthur Causeway</a> connect <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Downtown Miami">Downtown</a> with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Beach" title="South Beach">South Beach</a>. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Julia_Tuttle_Causeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Julia Tuttle Causeway">Julia Tuttle Causeway</a> connects <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Midtown_Miami" title="Midtown Miami">Midtown</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Beach">Miami Beach</a>. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_934" title="Florida State Road 934">79th Street Causeway</a> connects the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Upper_Eastside,_Miami,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Eastside, Miami, Florida">Upper East Side</a> with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Beach_(Miami_Beach)" title="North Beach (Miami Beach)">North Beach</a>. The northernmost causeway, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broad_Causeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad Causeway">Broad Causeway</a>, is the smallest of Miami's six causeways and connects <a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Miami,_Florida" title="North Miami, Florida">North Miami</a> to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bay_Harbor_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay Harbor Islands">Bay Harbor Islands</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bal_Harbour,_Florida" title="Bal Harbour, Florida">Bal Harbour</a>.
</p><p>In 2007, Miami was identified as having the rudest drivers in the United States, the second year in a row to have been cited, in a poll commissioned by automobile club AutoVantage.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154">[151]</a></sup> Miami is also consistently ranked as one of the most dangerous cities in the United States for pedestrians.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155">[152]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Public_transportation">Public transportation</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Public transportation">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_Transit" title="Miami-Dade Transit">Miami-Dade Transit</a></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_Metrorail_Hitachi_train_20190117.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Miami_Metrorail_Hitachi_train_20190117.jpg/220px-Miami_Metrorail_Hitachi_train_20190117.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Miami_Metrorail_Hitachi_train_20190117.jpg/330px-Miami_Metrorail_Hitachi_train_20190117.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Miami_Metrorail_Hitachi_train_20190117.jpg/440px-Miami_Metrorail_Hitachi_train_20190117.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1666" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miami_Metrorail_Hitachi_train_20190117.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metrorail_(Miami-Dade_County)" title="Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)">Metrorail</a> is the city's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">rapid transit</a> system and connects the city's central core with its outlying suburbs.</div></div></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Tri_Rail_616_Opa-locka_Station_(8439701464).jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tri_Rail_616_Opa-locka_Station_%288439701464%29.jpg/220px-Tri_Rail_616_Opa-locka_Station_%288439701464%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tri_Rail_616_Opa-locka_Station_%288439701464%29.jpg/330px-Tri_Rail_616_Opa-locka_Station_%288439701464%29.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tri_Rail_616_Opa-locka_Station_%288439701464%29.jpg/440px-Tri_Rail_616_Opa-locka_Station_%288439701464%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2383" data-file-height="1786" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Tri_Rail_616_Opa-locka_Station_(8439701464).jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tri-Rail" title="Tri-Rail">Tri-Rail</a> is Miami's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter rail</a> that runs north–south from Miami's suburbs in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Palm_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="West Palm Beach">West Palm Beach</a> to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami International Airport</a>.</div></div></div>
<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Public_transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Public transportation">Public transportation</a> in Miami is operated by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_Transit" title="Miami-Dade Transit">Miami-Dade Transit</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Florida_Regional_Transportation_Authority" title="South Florida Regional Transportation Authority">SFRTA</a>, and includes <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter rail</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tri-Rail" title="Tri-Rail">Tri-Rail</a>), heavy-rail <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">rapid transit</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metrorail_(Miami-Dade_County)" title="Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)">Metrorail</a>), an elevated <a href="/enwiki/wiki/People_mover" title="People mover">people mover</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metromover" title="Metromover">Metromover</a>), and buses (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_Transit#Metrobus" title="Miami-Dade Transit">Metrobus</a>). Miami has Florida's highest transit ridership as about 17% of Miamians use transit on a daily basis.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156">[153]</a></sup> The average Miami public transit commute on weekdays is 90 minutes, while 39% of public transit riders commute for more than 2 hours a day. The average wait time at a public transit stop or station is 18 minutes, while 37% of riders wait for more than 20 minutes on average every day. The average single trip distance with public transit is 7.46 mi (12 km), while 38% travel more than 8.08 mi (13 km) in each direction.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157">[154]</a></sup>
</p><p>Miami's heavy-rail rapid transit system, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metrorail_(Miami-Dade_County)" title="Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)">Metrorail</a>, is an elevated system comprising two lines and 23 stations on a 24.4-mile (39.3 km)-long line. Metrorail connects the urban western suburbs of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Medley,_Florida" title="Medley, Florida">Medley</a>, and inner-city Miami with suburban <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Roads" title="The Roads">The Roads</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove" title="Coconut Grove">Coconut Grove</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Gables" class="mw-redirect" title="Coral Gables">Coral Gables</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="South Miami">South Miami</a> and urban <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kendall,_Florida" title="Kendall, Florida">Kendall</a> via the central business districts of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami International Airport</a>, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Civic_Center_(Miami)" class="mw-redirect" title="Civic Center (Miami)">Civic Center</a>, and Downtown. A free, elevated <a href="/enwiki/wiki/People_mover" title="People mover">people mover</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metromover" title="Metromover">Metromover</a>, operates 21 stations on three different lines in greater Downtown Miami, with a station at roughly every two blocks of Downtown and Brickell. Several expansion projects are being funded by a transit development sales tax surcharge throughout Miami-Dade County.
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tri-Rail" title="Tri-Rail">Tri-Rail</a>, a commuter rail system operated by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Florida_Regional_Transportation_Authority" title="South Florida Regional Transportation Authority">South Florida Regional Transportation Authority</a> (SFRTA), runs from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami International Airport</a> northward to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Palm_Beach,_Florida" title="West Palm Beach, Florida">West Palm Beach</a>, making eighteen stops throughout <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami-Dade County">Miami-Dade</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broward_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Broward County">Broward</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Beach_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Palm Beach County">Palm Beach</a> counties.
</p><p>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Intermodal_Center" title="Miami Intermodal Center">Miami Intermodal Center</a> is a massive transportation hub servicing <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metrorail_(Miami-Dade_County)" title="Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)">Metrorail</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tri-Rail" title="Tri-Rail">Tri-Rail</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_Transit#Metrobus" title="Miami-Dade Transit">Metrobus</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greyhound_Lines" title="Greyhound Lines">Greyhound Lines</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taxicab" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab">taxis</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rental_cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Rental cars">rental cars</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MIA_Mover" title="MIA Mover">MIA Mover</a>, private automobiles, bicycles and pedestrians adjacent to Miami International Airport. Miami Intermodal Center was completed in 2010, and is serving about 150,000 commuters and travelers in the Miami area. Phase I of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MiamiCentral" title="MiamiCentral">MiamiCentral</a> Station was completed in 2012, and the Tri-Rail part of Phase II was completed in 2015, but the construction of the Amtrak part remains delayed.
</p><p>Two new light rail systems, Baylink and the Miami Streetcar, have been proposed and are currently in the planning stage. BayLink would connect Downtown with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Beach" title="South Beach">South Beach</a>, and the Miami Streetcar would connect Downtown with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Midtown_Miami" title="Midtown Miami">Midtown</a>.
</p><p>Miami is the southern terminus of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>'s Atlantic Coast services, running two lines, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Silver_Meteor" title="Silver Meteor">Silver Meteor</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Silver_Star_(Amtrak_train)" title="Silver Star (Amtrak train)">Silver Star</a>, both terminating in New York City. The Miami Amtrak Station is located in the suburb of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hialeah">Hialeah</a> near the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tri-Rail_and_Metrorail_transfer_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Tri-Rail and Metrorail transfer station">Tri-Rail/Metrorail Station</a> on NW 79 St and NW 38 Ave. Current construction of the Miami Central Station will move all Amtrak operations from its current out-of-the-way location to a centralized location with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Metrorail" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Metrorail">Metrorail</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MIA_Mover" title="MIA Mover">MIA Mover</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tri-Rail" title="Tri-Rail">Tri-Rail</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami International Airport</a>, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Intermodal_Center" title="Miami Intermodal Center">Miami Intermodal Center</a> all within the same station closer to Downtown. The station was expected to be completed by 2012,<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158">[155]</a></sup> but experienced several delays and was later expected to be completed in late 2014,<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159">[156]</a></sup> again pushed back to early 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-MICjanuary_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MICjanuary-160">[157]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Airports">Airports</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Airports">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami International Airport</a> serves as the primary international airport of the Greater Miami Area. One of the busiest international airports in the world, Miami International Airport caters to over 45 million passengers a year. The airport is a major hub and the largest international gateway for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a>. Miami International is the second busiest airport by passenger traffic in Florida, the United States' third-largest international port of entry for foreign air passengers behind New York's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_International_Airport" title="John F. Kennedy International Airport">John F. Kennedy International Airport</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Los_Angeles_International_Airport" title="Los Angeles International Airport">Los Angeles International Airport</a>. The airport's extensive international route network includes non-stop flights to over seventy international cities in North and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
</p><p>Alternatively, nearby <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale%E2%80%93Hollywood_International_Airport" title="Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport">Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport</a> also serves commercial traffic in the Miami area.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161">[158]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Opa_Locka_Executive_Airport" title="Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport">Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Opa-locka,_Florida" title="Opa-locka, Florida">Opa-locka</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Executive_Airport" title="Miami Executive Airport">Miami Executive Airport</a> in an unincorporated area southwest of Miami serve general aviation traffic in the Miami area.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cycling_and_walking">Cycling and walking</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Cycling and walking">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>The city government under former mayor <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manny_Diaz_(Florida_politician)" title="Manny Diaz (Florida politician)">Manny Diaz</a> took an ambitious stance in support of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bicycling" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycling">bicycling</a> in Miami for both recreation and commuting.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162">[159]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2010, Miami was ranked as the 44th-most bike-friendly city in the US according to <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bicycling_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycling Magazine">Bicycling Magazine</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163">[160]</a></sup>
</p><p>A 2011 study by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walk_Score" title="Walk Score">Walk Score</a> ranked Miami the eighth-most walkable of the fifty largest cities in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164">[161]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="International_relations">International relations</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: International relations">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_sister_cities_in_Florida" title="List of sister cities in Florida">List of sister cities in Florida</a></div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Sister cities">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r998391716">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barranquilla" title="Barranquilla">Barranquilla</a>, Colombia (since 2015)<sup id="cite_ref-sister2_165-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister2-165">[162]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Bogotá</a>, Colombia (since 1971)<sup id="cite_ref-sister_166-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-166">[163]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, Argentina (since 1979)<sup id="cite_ref-sister_166-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-166">[163]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kagoshima" title="Kagoshima">Kagoshima</a>, Japan (since 1990)<sup id="cite_ref-sister_166-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-166">[163]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kagoshima_twinnings_167-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kagoshima_twinnings-167">[164]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a>, Peru (since 1977)<sup id="cite_ref-sister_166-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-166">[163]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, Spain (since 2014)<sup id="cite_ref-sister_166-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-166">[163]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168">[165]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a>, Italy (since 1997)<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169">[166]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/San_Salvador" title="San Salvador">San Salvador</a>, El Salvador (since 1991)<sup id="cite_ref-sister_166-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-166">[163]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a>, China (since 2005)<sup id="cite_ref-sister_166-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-166">[163]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Salvador,_Bahia" title="Salvador, Bahia">Salvador da Bahia</a>, Brazil (since 2006)<sup id="cite_ref-sister_166-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-166">[163]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Santiago,_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago, Chile">Santiago</a>, Chile (since 1986)<sup id="cite_ref-sister_166-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-166">[163]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Santo_Domingo" title="Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a>, Dominican Republic (since 1987)<sup id="cite_ref-sister_166-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-166">[163]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a>, United Kingdom (since 2019)<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170">[167]</a></sup></li></ul>
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cooperation_agreements">Cooperation agreements</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Cooperation agreements">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a><sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171">[168]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172">[169]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yeruham" title="Yeruham">Yeruham</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a><sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173">[170]</a></sup></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Architecture_of_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of Miami">Architecture of Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_people_from_Miami" title="List of people from Miami">List of people from Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Fire-Rescue_Department" title="Miami Fire-Rescue Department">Miami Fire-Rescue Department</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Police_Department" title="Miami Police Department">Miami Police Department</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Miami" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami">National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Port_Miami_Tunnel" title="Port Miami Tunnel">Port Miami Tunnel</a></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha">
<div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bahamians were farming along the Miami River before 1830. Richard Fitzpatrick established a plantation there in 1830, but abandoned it when the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Second_Seminole_War" title="Second Seminole War">Second Seminole War</a> (1835–1843) began. The U.S. Army established <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Dallas" title="Fort Dallas">Fort Dallas</a> there in 1836, but left the fort in 1841. William English reopened Fitzpatrick's plantation after the war and sold city lots, but left the area at the end of the 1840s. The Army returned to the fort in 1849–1851, and again for the Third Seminole War (1855–1858).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Official records for Miami were kept at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lemon_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemon City">Lemon City</a> from September 1895 to November 1900, the Miami <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/coop/">COOP</a> from December 1900 to May 1911, the Weather Bureau Office from June 1911 to February 1937, at various locations in and around the city from March 1937 to July 1942, and at Miami Int'l since August 1942. For more information, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://threadex.rcc-acis.org">ThreadEx</a>.</span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1011085734"/><div class="reflist">
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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFGeorge1996" class="citation web cs1">George, Paul S. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historymiami.org/fastspot/research-miami/topics/history-of-miami/index.html">"Miami: One Hundred Years of History"</a>. <i>HistoryMiami</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HistoryMiami&rft.atitle=Miami%3A+One+Hundred+Years+of+History&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=Paul+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historymiami.org%2Ffastspot%2Fresearch-miami%2Ftopics%2Fhistory-of-miami%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFShappee1961" class="citation journal cs1">Shappee, Nathan D. (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalcollections.fiu.edu/tequesta/files/1961/61_1_02.pdf">"Fort Dallas and the Naval Depot on Key Biscayne, 1836–1926"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Tequesta</i>. <b>21</b>: 13–40 – via Florida International University Digital Collections.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tequesta&rft.atitle=Fort+Dallas+and+the+Naval+Depot+on+Key+Biscayne%2C+1836%E2%80%931926&rft.volume=21&rft.pages=13-40&rft.date=1961&rft.aulast=Shappee&rft.aufirst=Nathan+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcollections.fiu.edu%2Ftequesta%2Ffiles%2F1961%2F61_1_02.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2020-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CenPopGazetteer2020_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_12.txt">"2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files"</a>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 31,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+U.S.+Gazetteer+Files&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Fdocs%2Fmaps-data%2Fdata%2Fgazetteer%2F2020_Gazetteer%2F2020_gaz_place_12.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-2020Pop-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2020Pop_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2020Pop_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html">"2020 Population and Housing State Data"</a>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+Population+and+Housing+State+Data&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Flibrary%2Fvisualizations%2Finteractive%2F2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-bea.gov-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bea.gov_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/lagdp1220_2.pdf"><i>Gross Domestic Product by County, 2019</i></a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bureau_of_Economic_Analysis" title="Bureau of Economic Analysis">Bureau of Economic Analysis</a>, released December 9, 2020. Accessed December 9, 2020.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.bea.gov/itable/iTable.cfm?ReqID=70&step=1">"GDP and Personal Income"</a>. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GDP+and+Personal+Income&rft.pub=U.S.+Bureau+of+Economic+Analysis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.bea.gov%2Fitable%2FiTable.cfm%3FReqID%3D70%26step%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: url-status (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status" title="Category:CS1 maint: url-status">link</a>)</span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/183808/gmp-of-the-20-biggest-metro-areas/">"U.S. metro areas - ranked by Gross Metropolitan Product (GMP) 2020"</a>. <i>Statista</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statista&rft.atitle=U.S.+metro+areas+-+ranked+by+Gross+Metropolitan+Product+%28GMP%29+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F183808%2Fgmp-of-the-20-biggest-metro-areas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-QuickFacts-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-QuickFacts_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-QuickFacts_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/miamicityflorida/PST045219">"QuickFacts: Miami city, Florida"</a>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 20,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=QuickFacts%3A+Miami+city%2C+Florida&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Ffact%2Ftable%2Fmiamicityflorida%2FPST045219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/us-cities-with-the-most-skyscrapers.html">"US Cities With the Most Skyscrapers"</a>. <i>WorldAtlas</i>. February 6, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WorldAtlas&rft.atitle=US+Cities+With+the+Most+Skyscrapers&rft.date=2018-02-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Farticles%2Fus-cities-with-the-most-skyscrapers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/quick-lists#q=&page=1&type=building&status=COM&status=UCT&status=STO&min_year=0&max_year=9999&region=0&country=0&city=1632">"The Skyscraper Center: Buildings in Miami"</a>. <i>skyscrapercenter.com</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Council_on_Tall_Buildings_and_Urban_Habitat" title="Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat">CTBUH</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=skyscrapercenter.com&rft.atitle=The+Skyscraper+Center%3A+Buildings+in+Miami&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skyscrapercenter.com%2Fquick-lists%23q%3D%26page%3D1%26type%3Dbuilding%26status%3DCOM%26status%3DUCT%26status%3DSTO%26min_year%3D0%26max_year%3D9999%26region%3D0%26country%3D0%26city%3D1632&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-GAWC-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GAWC_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html">"The World According to GaWC 2008"</a>. Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Loughborough_University" title="Loughborough University">Loughborough University</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 3,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World+According+to+GaWC+2008&rft.pub=Globalization+and+World+Cities+Study+Group+and+Network%2C+Loughborough+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lboro.ac.uk%2Fgawc%2Fworld2008t.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131014191556/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html">"Inventory of World Cities"</a>. Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Study Group and Network. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html">the original</a> on October 14, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inventory+of+World+Cities&rft.pub=Globalization+and+World+Cities+%28GaWC%29+Study+Group+and+Network&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lboro.ac.uk%2Fgawc%2Fcitylist.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-bea.gov1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bea.gov1_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bea.gov/system/files/2018-09/gdp_metro0918_0.pdf">"Gross Domestic Product by Metropolitan Area, 2017"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Bea.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gross+Domestic+Product+by+Metropolitan+Area%2C+2017&rft.pub=Bea.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bea.gov%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2F2018-09%2Fgdp_metro0918_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071201191110/http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/caption_direct.jsp?photoId=STS062-85-026">"Miami, Florida metropolitan area as seen from STS-62"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="National Aeronautics and Space Administration">National Aeronautics and Space Administration</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/caption_direct.jsp?photoId=STS062-85-026">the original</a> on December 1, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miami%2C+Florida+metropolitan+area+as+seen+from+STS-62&rft.pub=National+Aeronautics+and+Space+Administration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.jsc.nasa.gov%2Fluceneweb%2Fcaption_direct.jsp%3FphotoId%3DSTS062-85-026&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Miami,_Florida-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miami,_Florida_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=20227&cityname=Miami%2C+Florida%2C+United+States+of+America&units=">"Weather: Miami, Florida"</a>. <i>Weatherbase</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weatherbase&rft.atitle=Weather%3A+Miami%2C+Florida&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weatherbase.com%2Fweather%2Fweather-summary.php3%3Fs%3D20227%26cityname%3DMiami%252C%2BFlorida%252C%2BUnited%2BStates%2Bof%2BAmerica%26units%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pdf/kottek_et_al_2006_A4.pdf">"World Map of Köppen−Geiger Climate Classification"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Map+of+K%C3%B6ppen%E2%88%92Geiger+Climate+Classification&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkoeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at%2Fpdf%2Fkottek_et_al_2006_A4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/mfl/summer_season">"Duration of Summer Season in South Florida"</a>. <i>NOAA National Weather Service</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NOAA+National+Weather+Service&rft.atitle=Duration+of+Summer+Season+in+South+Florida&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Fmfl%2Fsummer_season&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-NOAA-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=mfl">"NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NOWData+-+NOAA+Online+Weather+Data&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fw2.weather.gov%2Fclimate%2Fxmacis.php%3Fwfo%3Dmfl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/media/mfl/climate/Daily_Records_Miami.pdf">"Climatological Records for Miami, FL 1895 - 2019"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. National Weather Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climatological+Records+for+Miami%2C+FL+1895+-+2019&rft.pub=National+Weather+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Fmedia%2Fmfl%2Fclimate%2FDaily_Records_Miami.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.proquest.com/docview/541189651/">Maine shivers at −29: Snow falls in Florida</a>". Associated Press. <i>The Baltimore Sun</i>. January 20, 1977. p. A1. <i>"Temperatures dipped into the 30s in southern Florida, with snow flurries reported even in Miami Beach."</i></span>
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<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lardner Jr., George; Meyers, Robert. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.proquest.com/docview/146900778/">Miami Is Hit by First Recorded Snow: the State of Emergency Is Eyed for Virginia Thousands Idled as Cold Closes Factories, Businesses</a>". <i>The Washington Post</i>. January 20, 1977. p. A1. <i>The meandering jet stream in the upper atmosphere sent flurries of genuine snow onto Miami's palm trees. ... It was the farthest south that snow has been reported in the United States since the record books were started in the 19th century. ... The snow flurries in Miami will be only an asterisk in the record books since they didn't fall on any of the National Weather Service's recording stations in the area, but they were genuine."</i></span>
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<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Khiss, Peter. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.proquest.com/docview/123531417/">New York High is 26 as the South Shivers: Florida Snow Causes Emergency Gas Shortage Widespread</a>". <i>The New York Times</i>. January 20, 1977. p. 1. <i>"Florida officially recorded snow for the first time yesterday in Palm Beach County, 65 miles north of Miami, and even that city had flurries, although not at the official stations at its airport or nearby Coral Gables."</i></span>
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<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFKleinberg1989" class="citation web cs1">Kleinberg, Howard (December 30, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VsAcAAAAIBAJ&pg=6854,7871034&dq=miami+news&hl=en">"The Great Miami Snow Job"</a>. <i>The Dispatch</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 23,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Dispatch&rft.atitle=The+Great+Miami+Snow+Job&rft.date=1989-12-30&rft.aulast=Kleinberg&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DVsAcAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6854%2C7871034%26dq%3Dmiami%2Bnews%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060427194724/http://www.weather.com/newscenter/specialreports/hurricanes/vulnerablecities/miami.html">"Vulnerable cities: Miami, Florida"</a>. The Weather Channel. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weather.com/newscenter/specialreports/hurricanes/vulnerablecities/miami.html">the original</a> on April 27, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vulnerable+cities%3A+Miami%2C+Florida&rft.pub=The+Weather+Channel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Fnewscenter%2Fspecialreports%2Fhurricanes%2Fvulnerablecities%2Fmiami.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21728964-one-12-americans-now-lives-home-some-risk-flooding-irma-spared-america">"Irma spared America, but still had a big effect on it"</a>. <i>The Economist</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Irma+spared+America%2C+but+still+had+a+big+effect+on+it&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Funited-states%2F21728964-one-12-americans-now-lives-home-some-risk-flooding-irma-spared-america&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140227032333/http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/">"USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map"</a>. <i>United States Department of Agriculture</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/#">the original</a> on February 27, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Department+of+Agriculture&rft.atitle=USDA+Plant+Hardiness+Zone+Map&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplanthardiness.ars.usda.gov%2FPHZMWeb%2F%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFNews" class="citation web cs1">News, Daniel Cusick, E&E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/miami-is-the-most-vulnerable-coastal-city-worldwide/">"Miami Is the "Most Vulnerable" Coastal City Worldwide"</a>. <i>Scientific American</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft.atitle=Miami+Is+the+%22Most+Vulnerable%22+Coastal+City+Worldwide&rft.aulast=News&rft.aufirst=Daniel+Cusick%2C+E%26E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle%2Fmiami-is-the-most-vulnerable-coastal-city-worldwide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rff.org/publications/reports/florida-climate-outlook/">"Florida Climate Outlook: Assessing Physical and Economic Impacts through 2040"</a>. <i>Resources for the Future</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Resources+for+the+Future&rft.atitle=Florida+Climate+Outlook%3A+Assessing+Physical+and+Economic+Impacts+through+2040&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rff.org%2Fpublications%2Freports%2Fflorida-climate-outlook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://southeastfloridaclimatecompact.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Sea-Level-Rise-Projection-Guidance-Report_FINAL_02212020.pdf">"Unified Sea Level Rise Projection Southeast Florida"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.southeastfloridaclimatecompact.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.southeastfloridaclimatecompact.org&rft.atitle=Unified+Sea+Level+Rise+Projection+Southeast+Florida&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsoutheastfloridaclimatecompact.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F04%2FSea-Level-Rise-Projection-Guidance-Report_FINAL_02212020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamidade.gov/environment/climate-change-impact.asp">"Miami-Dade County - Environment - Impact on South Florida"</a>. <i>www.miamidade.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.miamidade.gov&rft.atitle=Miami-Dade+County+-+Environment+-+Impact+on+South+Florida&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamidade.gov%2Fenvironment%2Fclimate-change-impact.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFLuscombe2020" class="citation news cs1">Luscombe, Richard (April 21, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/apr/21/florida-climate-crisis-sea-level-habitat-loss">"Will Florida be lost forever to the climate crisis?"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//www.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Will+Florida+be+lost+forever+to+the+climate+crisis%3F&rft.date=2020-04-21&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Luscombe&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fenvironment%2F2020%2Fapr%2F21%2Fflorida-climate-crisis-sea-level-habitat-loss&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFOlick2018" class="citation web cs1">Olick, Diana (August 29, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/08/29/climate-gentrification-is-changing-miami-real-estate-values.html">"Rising Risks: 'Climate gentrification' is changing Miami real estate values – for better and worse"</a>. <i>CNBC</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Rising+Risks%3A+%27Climate+gentrification%27+is+changing+Miami+real+estate+values+%E2%80%93+for+better+and+worse&rft.date=2018-08-29&rft.aulast=Olick&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2018%2F08%2F29%2Fclimate-gentrification-is-changing-miami-real-estate-values.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00012839&format=pdf">"Summary of Monthly Normals 1991-2020"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Summary+of+Monthly+Normals+1991-2020&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncei.noaa.gov%2Faccess%2Fservices%2Fdata%2Fv1%3Fdataset%3Dnormals-monthly-1991-2020%26startDate%3D0001-01-01%26endDate%3D9996-12-31%26stations%3DUSW00012839%26format%3Dpdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-noaasun-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-noaasun_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72202.TXT">"WMO Climate Normals for Miami, FL 1961–1990"</a>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WMO+Climate+Normals+for+Miami%2C+FL+1961%26ndash%3B1990&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.atdd.noaa.gov%2Fpub%2FGCOS%2FWMO-Normals%2FTABLES%2FREG_IV%2FUS%2FGROUP3%2F72202.TXT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Weather.com-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Weather.com_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/MIA:9">"Monthly Averages for Miami International Airport"</a>. The Weather Channel<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monthly+Averages+for+Miami+International+Airport&rft.pub=The+Weather+Channel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Fweather%2Fwxclimatology%2Fmonthly%2FMIA%3A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-DecennialCensus-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DecennialCensus_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html">"Census of Population and Housing"</a>. Census.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+Population+and+Housing&rft.pub=Census.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fprograms-surveys%2Fdecennial-census.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-2009_Pop._Est.-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2009_Pop._Est._58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151016090520/http://emiami.condos/CBSA-EST2009-01.xlsx">"Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009"</a>. <i>2009 Population Estimates</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, Population Division. March 19, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://emiami.condos/CBSA-EST2009-01.xlsx">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" title="Microsoft Excel">XLS</a>)</span> on October 16, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2009+Population+Estimates&rft.atitle=Annual+Estimates+of+the+Population+of+Metropolitan+and+Micropolitan+Statistical+Areas%3A+April+1%2C+2000+to+July+1%2C+2009&rft.date=2010-03-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Femiami.condos%2FCBSA-EST2009-01.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320082430/http://www.miamidade.gov/planzone/Library/Census/demographic_profile.pdf">"Demographic Profile: Miami–Dade County, Florida 1960–2000"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Miami, Florida: Miami–Dade County Department of Planning and Zoning. September 2003. p. iii (p. 5 of PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamidade.gov/planzone/Library/Census/demographic_profile.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on March 20, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Demographic+Profile%3A+Miami%E2%80%93Dade+County%2C+Florida+1960%E2%80%932000&rft.place=Miami%2C+Florida&rft.pages=iii+%28p.+5+of+PDF%29&rft.pub=Miami%E2%80%93Dade+County+Department+of+Planning+and+Zoning&rft.date=2003-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamidade.gov%2Fplanzone%2FLibrary%2FCensus%2Fdemographic_profile.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html">"Florida – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990"</a>. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html">the original</a> on August 12, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 21,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Florida+%E2%80%93+Race+and+Hispanic+Origin+for+Selected+Cities+and+Other+Places%3A+Earliest+Census+to+1990&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fwww%2Fdocumentation%2Ftwps0076%2Ftwps0076.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamidadematters.org/demographicdata">2020 Demographics</a>. Miami Matters. Retrieved June 23, 2020</span>
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<li id="cite_note-HiLaMi-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HiLaMi_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HiLaMi_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200212214535/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP10">"Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin: 2010 – 2010 Census Summary File 1"</a>. <i>American FactFinder</i>. US Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP10">the original</a> on February 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 18,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+FactFinder&rft.atitle=Race+and+Hispanic+or+Latino+Origin%3A+2010+%E2%80%93+2010+Census+Summary+File+1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Ffaces%2Ftableservices%2Fjsf%2Fpages%2Fproductview.xhtml%3Fpid%3DDEC_10_SF1_QTP10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"Miami, Florida FIRST ANCESTRY REPORTED Universe: Total population – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miami%2C+Florida+FIRST+ANCESTRY+REPORTED+Universe%3A+Total+population+%E2%80%93+2006%E2%80%932010+American+Community+Survey+5-Year+Estimates&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-MIAMIdemo-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIAMIdemo_64-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"Miami, Florida Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 – 2010 Demographic Profile Data"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 25,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miami%2C+Florida+Profile+of+General+Population+and+Housing+Characteristics%3A+2010+%E2%80%93+2010+Demographic+Profile+Data&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-MIApop-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MIApop_65-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIApop_65-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIApop_65-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIApop_65-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"Miami, Florida: SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 25,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miami%2C+Florida%3A+SELECTED+SOCIAL+CHARACTERISTICS+IN+THE+UNITED+STATES+%E2%80%93+2006%E2%80%932010+American+Community+Survey+5-Year+Estimates&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFBooth1998" class="citation news cs1">Booth, William (November 11, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/meltingpot/melt1109.htm">"A White Migration North From Miami"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. The Myth of the Melting Pot<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=A+White+Migration+North+From+Miami&rft.date=1998-11-11&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fnational%2Flongterm%2Fmeltingpot%2Fmelt1109.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: url-status (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status" title="Category:CS1 maint: url-status">link</a>)</span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://account.miamiherald.com/paywall/registration?resume=118269088">"Miami Herald"</a>. <i>account.miamiherald.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=account.miamiherald.com&rft.atitle=Miami+Herald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faccount.miamiherald.com%2Fpaywall%2Fregistration%3Fresume%3D118269088&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/FLtab.pdf">"Florida – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Large Cities and Other Places"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Florida+%E2%80%93+Race+and+Hispanic+Origin+for+Selected+Large+Cities+and+Other+Places&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fwww%2Fdocumentation%2Ftwps0076%2FFLtab.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datausa.io/profile/geo/miami-fl/">"Miami, FL | Data USA"</a>. <i>datausa.io</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=datausa.io&rft.atitle=Miami%2C+FL+%7C+Data+USA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatausa.io%2Fprofile%2Fgeo%2Fmiami-fl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Religion-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Religion_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/miami-metro-area/">"Adults in the Miami metro area"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adults+in+the+Miami+metro+area&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2Freligious-landscape-study%2Fmetro-area%2Fmiami-metro-area%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/">Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles</a>, Pew Research Center</span>
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<li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/">"America's Changing Religious Landscape"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>: Religion & Public Life. May 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=America%27s+Changing+Religious+Landscape&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center%3A+Religion+%26+Public+Life&rft.date=2015-05-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2015%2F05%2F12%2Famericas-changing-religious-landscape%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.norwaypost.no/index.php/news/latest-news/26012-crown-princess-opens-seamens-church-in-miami-26012">Crown Princess Opens Seamen's Church in Miami</a>. Norwaypost.no (November 21, 2011). Retrieved on August 3, 2013.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">Retrieved August 23, 2018.</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-miamiport-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-miamiport_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamidade.gov/portmiami/">"Port of Miami"</a>. <i>Miami-Dade County</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 28,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miami-Dade+County&rft.atitle=Port+of+Miami&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamidade.gov%2Fportmiami%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-portreport-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-portreport_97-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-portreport_97-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamidade.gov/portmiami/library/brochures/2017-statistics-brochure.pdf">"2017-18 Port Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. PortMiami.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2017-18+Port+Report&rft.pub=PortMiami&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamidade.gov%2Fportmiami%2Flibrary%2Fbrochures%2F2017-statistics-brochure.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFCordle2014" class="citation news cs1">Cordle, Ina Paiva (May 28, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/05/28/4143644/the-new-portmiami-tunnels-opening.html">"The new PortMiami tunnel's opening is delayed until mid-June"</a>. <i>The Miami Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=The+new+PortMiami+tunnel%27s+opening+is+delayed+until+mid-June&rft.date=2014-05-28&rft.aulast=Cordle&rft.aufirst=Ina+Paiva&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamiherald.com%2F2014%2F05%2F28%2F4143644%2Fthe-new-portmiami-tunnels-opening.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFJordan2018" class="citation web cs1">Jordan, John (May 2, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globest.com/2018/05/02/greater-miami-tourism-industry-setting-records/?slreturn=20180904191824">"Greater Miami Tourism Industry Setting Records"</a>. <i>globest.com</i>. GlobeSt<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=globest.com&rft.atitle=Greater+Miami+Tourism+Industry+Setting+Records&rft.date=2018-05-02&rft.aulast=Jordan&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globest.com%2F2018%2F05%2F02%2Fgreater-miami-tourism-industry-setting-records%2F%3Fslreturn%3D20180904191824&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFHerrera2018" class="citation news cs1">Herrera, Chabeli (May 1, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.miamiherald.com/latest-news/article210209129.html">"Despite Irma, Miami tourism grew in 2017. Will Asia flights make 2018 even better?"</a>. <i>miamiherald.com</i>. Miami Herald<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=miamiherald.com&rft.atitle=Despite+Irma%2C+Miami+tourism+grew+in+2017.+Will+Asia+flights+make+2018+even+better%3F&rft.date=2018-05-01&rft.aulast=Herrera&rft.aufirst=Chabeli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamiherald.com%2Flatest-news%2Farticle210209129.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://culturecrusaders.com/2019/02/12/7-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-miami-drug-wars/">"8 Things you didn't know about the Miami Drug Wars"</a>. <i>culturecrusaders.com</i>. February 12, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=culturecrusaders.com&rft.atitle=8+Things+you+didn%27t+know+about+the+Miami+Drug+Wars&rft.date=2019-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fculturecrusaders.com%2F2019%2F02%2F12%2F7-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-miami-drug-wars%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFAlvarez2014" class="citation web cs1">Alvarez, Lizette (July 19, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/20/us/20miami.html">"Influx of South Americans Drives Miami's Reinvention"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 19,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Influx+of+South+Americans+Drives+Miami%27s+Reinvention&rft.date=2014-07-19&rft.aulast=Alvarez&rft.aufirst=Lizette&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F07%2F20%2Fus%2F20miami.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFTommasini2007" class="citation news cs1">Tommasini, Anthony (February 4, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/04/arts/music/04tomm.html">"Carnival Center for the Performing Arts - Miami - Music"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Carnival+Center+for+the+Performing+Arts+-+Miami+-+Music&rft.date=2007-02-04&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Tommasini&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F02%2F04%2Farts%2Fmusic%2F04tomm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://miamifilmfestival.com/">"Miami International Film Festival"</a>. <i>Miami Film Festival</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miami+Film+Festival&rft.atitle=Miami+International+Film+Festival&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmiamifilmfestival.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080511195801/http://www.miamifashionweek.com/new_admin/html/Overview.html">"Miami Fashion Week"</a>. Miami Fashion Week. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamifashionweek.com/new_admin/html/Overview.html">the original</a> on May 11, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miami+Fashion+Week&rft.pub=Miami+Fashion+Week&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamifashionweek.com%2Fnew_admin%2Fhtml%2FOverview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/Sandwiches/CubanSandwich.htm">Cuban Sandwich, History of Cuban Sandwich, History of Cubano Sandwich</a>. Whatscookingamerica.net. Retrieved on October 8, 2012.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.frommers.com/destinations/miami/0017024034.html">Local Cuisine in Miami at Frommer's</a>. Frommers.com. Retrieved on October 8, 2012.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFPatience_Haggin2013" class="citation web cs1">Patience Haggin (August 27, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-why-locals-embrace-heavy-l-or-not">"Miami Accents: Why Locals Embrace That Heavy "L" Or Not"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 10,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miami+Accents%3A+Why+Locals+Embrace+That+Heavy+%22L%22+Or+Not&rft.date=2013-08-27&rft.au=Patience+Haggin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwlrn.org%2Fpost%2Fmiami-accents-why-locals-embrace-heavy-l-or-not&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFGabriella_Watts2013" class="citation web cs1">Gabriella Watts (August 26, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-how-miamah-turned-different-sort-twang">"Miami Accents: How 'Miamah' Turned Into A Different Sort Of Twang"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 10,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miami+Accents%3A+How+%27Miamah%27+Turned+Into+A+Different+Sort+Of+Twang&rft.date=2013-08-26&rft.au=Gabriella+Watts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwlrn.org%2Fpost%2Fmiami-accents-how-miamah-turned-different-sort-twang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFHaggin2013" class="citation news cs1">Haggin, Patience (September 16, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203181803/http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/09/07/3609984/english-in-the-305-has-its-own.html">"English in the 305 has its own distinct Miami sound"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Herald" title="Miami Herald">Miami Herald</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/09/07/3609984/english-in-the-305-has-its-own.html">the original</a> on December 3, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=English+in+the+305+has+its+own+distinct+Miami+sound&rft.date=2013-09-16&rft.aulast=Haggin&rft.aufirst=Patience&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamiherald.com%2F2013%2F09%2F07%2F3609984%2Fenglish-in-the-305-has-its-own.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.intermiamicf.com/club/about">"About the Club"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Inter_Miami_CF" title="Inter Miami CF">Inter Miami CF</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inter+Miami+CF&rft.atitle=About+the+Club&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.intermiamicf.com%2Fclub%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nba.com/heat/team/history">"Miami Heat History"</a>. <i>HEAT.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HEAT.com&rft.atitle=Miami+Heat+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nba.com%2Fheat%2Fteam%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/marlins/history/timeline-1980s">"Miami Marlins Franchise Timeline"</a>. <i>Marlins.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Marlins.com&rft.atitle=Miami+Marlins+Franchise+Timeline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fmarlins%2Fhistory%2Ftimeline-1980s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhl.com/panthers">"Official website of the Florida Panthers"</a>. <i>NHL.com</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NHL.com&rft.atitle=Official+website+of+the+Florida+Panthers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhl.com%2Fpanthers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.miami-grand-prix-to-join-f1-calendar-in-2022.44Dqc0CfhQzb7bb7MIjkqX.html">"Miami Grand Prix to join F1 calendar in 2022, with exciting new circuit planned"</a>. <i>Formula1.com</i>. April 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Formula1.com&rft.atitle=Miami+Grand+Prix+to+join+F1+calendar+in+2022%2C+with+exciting+new+circuit+planned&rft.date=2021-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.formula1.com%2Fen%2Flatest%2Farticle.miami-grand-prix-to-join-f1-calendar-in-2022.44Dqc0CfhQzb7bb7MIjkqX.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.homesteadmiamispeedway.com/track-history/">"Track History and Records"</a>. <i>homestead Miami speedway.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=homestead+Miami+speedway.com&rft.atitle=Track+History+and+Records&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.homesteadmiamispeedway.com%2Ftrack-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080820083309/http://www.miamigov.com/cms/parks/15_16.asp">"Miami parks"</a>. Miamigov.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamigov.com/cms/parks/15_16.asp">the original</a> on August 20, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miami+parks&rft.pub=Miamigov.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamigov.com%2Fcms%2Fparks%2F15_16.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zoomiami.org/about-the-zoo">"About Zoo Miami"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Zoo+Miami&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zoomiami.org%2Fabout-the-zoo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jungleisland.com/">"Jungle Island Homepage"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jungle+Island+Homepage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jungleisland.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.miamiseaquarium.com/plan-a-visit/about-miami-seaquarium">"About Miami Seaquarium"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Miami+Seaquarium&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamiseaquarium.com%2Fplan-a-visit%2Fabout-miami-seaquarium&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.monkeyjungle.com/">"Monkey Jungle homepage"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monkey+Jungle+homepage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.monkeyjungle.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://coralcastle.com/museum-info/">"Coral Castle Museum Info"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Coral+Castle+Museum+Info&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcoralcastle.com%2Fmuseum-info%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deeringestate.org/history/">"Deering Estate history"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Deering+Estate+history&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeeringestate.org%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parkscore.tpl.org/rankings_advanced.php">"ParkScore 2018: Ranking Analysis"</a>. <i>parkscore.tpl.org</i>. The Trust for Public Land. Retrieved November 8, 2018.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.barry.edu/en/about-barry">"Why Barry? – Barry University"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+Barry%3F+%E2%80%93+Barry+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barry.edu%2Fen%2Fabout-barry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stu.edu/about-stu/">"About St. Thomas University"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+St.+Thomas+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stu.edu%2Fabout-stu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.edu/about/">"History and Mission of Southeastern College"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+and+Mission+of+Southeastern+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.edu%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talmudicu.edu/about/">"About the Yeshiva"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+Yeshiva&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftalmudicu.edu%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://welcome.miami.edu/about-um/index.html">"About UM – University of Miami"</a>. <i>miami.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=miami.edu&rft.atitle=About+UM+%E2%80%93+University+of+Miami&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwelcome.miami.edu%2Fabout-um%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080413172813/http://www.broadprize.org/2007Miami-DadeBrief.pdf">"Miami-Dade County Public Schools"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Broad Foundation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadprize.org/2007Miami-DadeBrief.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on April 13, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 18,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miami-Dade+County+Public+Schools&rft.pub=The+Broad+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.broadprize.org%2F2007Miami-DadeBrief.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/articles/education/high-schools/2007/11/29/gold-medal-schools.html">"Gold Medal Schools"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/US_News_and_World_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="US News and World Report">US News and World Report</a></i>. November 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 18,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=US+News+and+World+Report&rft.atitle=Gold+Medal+Schools&rft.date=2007-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Farticles%2Feducation%2Fhigh-schools%2F2007%2F11%2F29%2Fgold-medal-schools.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFOrtega1997" class="citation news cs1">Ortega, Cristina M. (February 16, 1997). "Lessons to bridge cultural differences". <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Herald" title="Miami Herald">Miami Herald</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami, Florida">Miami, Florida</a>. pp. 1, 18–19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=Lessons+to+bridge+cultural+differences&rft.pages=1%2C+18-19&rft.date=1997-02-16&rft.aulast=Ortega&rft.aufirst=Cristina+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94336390/">Clipping of first</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94336404/">of second and third pages</a> from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-Miamihoshu-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miamihoshu_146-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamihoshuko.org/">ホーム</a>" ("Home"). Miami Hoshuko. Retrieved on April 30, 2014. "借用校・校舎 Iglesia Bautisita de Coral Park 8755 SW 16 Street Miami, FL. 33165" and "補習校事務所 Miami Hoshuko, INC. 3403 NW 82 Ave, Suite 340 Miami, FL. 33122" - Compare to: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/dc10map/GUBlock/st12_fl/place/p1276075_westchester/DC10BLK_P1276075_001.pdf">Westchester map</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cityofdoral.com/_entity/sharepointdocumentlocation/5d346b1f-9372-ea11-a811-001dd8018866?file=attachment-city-of-doral-stormwater-vulnerability-study.pdf">Doral map on page 4/47 of this document</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110317170600/http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf">"Local Television Market Universe Estimates"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. nielsen. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on March 17, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Local+Television+Market+Universe+Estimates&rft.pub=nielsen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.nielsen.com%2Fnielsenwire%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2009%2F08%2F2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://miami.cbslocal.com/2013/05/16/its-moving-day-for-miami-herald-staff-reporters/">"It's Moving Day for Miami Herald Staff, Reporters"</a>. CBSMiami. May 16, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=It%27s+Moving+Day+for+Miami+Herald+Staff%2C+Reporters&rft.pub=CBSMiami&rft.date=2013-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmiami.cbslocal.com%2F2013%2F05%2F16%2Fits-moving-day-for-miami-herald-staff-reporters%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/home/permalink/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20091207005550&newsLang=en">"Univision Announces Launch of Univision Studios"</a>. Business Wire. December 7, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Univision+Announces+Launch+of+Univision+Studios&rft.pub=Business+Wire&rft.date=2009-12-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businesswire.com%2Fportal%2Fsite%2Fhome%2Fpermalink%2F%3FndmViewId%3Dnews_view%26newsId%3D20091207005550%26newsLang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080419055254/http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/">"Top 50 Radio Markets Ranked By Metro 12+ Population, Spring 2005"</a>. Northwestern University Media Management Center. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/#radio">the original</a> on April 19, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+50+Radio+Markets+Ranked+By+Metro+12%2B+Population%2C+Spring+2005&rft.pub=Northwestern+University+Media+Management+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediainfocenter.org%2Fcompare%2Ftop50%2F%23radio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080419055254/http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/">"Top 50 TV markets ranked by households"</a>. Northwestern University Media Management Center. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/#tv">the original</a> on April 19, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+50+TV+markets+ranked+by+households&rft.pub=Northwestern+University+Media+Management+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediainfocenter.org%2Fcompare%2Ftop50%2F%23tv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.governing.com/gov-data/car-ownership-numbers-of-vehicles-by-city-map.html">"Car Ownership in U.S. Cities Data and Map"</a>. <i>Governing</i>. December 9, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Governing&rft.atitle=Car+Ownership+in+U.S.+Cities+Data+and+Map&rft.date=2014-12-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.governing.com%2Fgov-data%2Fcar-ownership-numbers-of-vehicles-by-city-map.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFReaney2007" class="citation news cs1">Reaney, Patricia (May 15, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/lifestyleMolt/idUSL1413867020070515">"Miami drivers named the rudest"</a>. <i>Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Miami+drivers+named+the+rudest&rft.date=2007-05-15&rft.aulast=Reaney&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FlifestyleMolt%2FidUSL1413867020070515&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/12/02/national/main658846.shtml">"Dangerous Pedestrian Cities"</a>. <i>CBS News</i>. Associated Press. December 2, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Dangerous+Pedestrian+Cities&rft.date=2004-12-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fstories%2F2004%2F12%2F02%2Fnational%2Fmain658846.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/acs/www/">"American Community Survey"</a>. Census.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+Community+Survey&rft.pub=Census.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Facs%2Fwww%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_USA_Miami_FL-742">"Facts and usage statistics about public transit in Miami, US"</a>. Global Public Transit Index by Moovit<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Facts+and+usage+statistics+about+public+transit+in+Miami%2C+US&rft.pub=Global+Public+Transit+Index+by+Moovit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoovitapp.com%2Finsights%2Fen%2FMoovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_USA_Miami_FL-742&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:CC-BY_icon.svg" class="image"><img alt="CC-BY icon.svg" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/CC-BY_icon.svg/50px-CC-BY_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="18" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/CC-BY_icon.svg/75px-CC-BY_icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/CC-BY_icon.svg/100px-CC-BY_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="31" /></a> Material was copied from this source, which is available under a <a href="/enwiki//creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" class="extiw" title="creativecommons:by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.micdot.com/miami_central_station.html">"Projects: Miami Central Station"</a>. <i>Miami Intermodal Center</i>. Micdot.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miami+Intermodal+Center&rft.atitle=Projects%3A+Miami+Central+Station&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.micdot.com%2Fmiami_central_station.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/05/25/4137303/miami-airport-transit-hub-on-the.html">"Miami airport transit hub on the way to bringing planes, trains, automobiles under one roof"</a>. <i>Miami Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=Miami+airport+transit+hub+on+the+way+to+bringing+planes%2C+trains%2C+automobiles+under+one+roof&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamiherald.com%2F2014%2F05%2F25%2F4137303%2Fmiami-airport-transit-hub-on-the.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-MICjanuary-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MICjanuary_160-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFTurnbell,_Michael2014" class="citation web cs1">Turnbell, Michael (October 15, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/broward/fl-tri-rail-miami-airport-20141015-story.html">"Tri-Rail station at Miami airport delayed until January"</a>. <i>Sun Sentinel</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sun+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Tri-Rail+station+at+Miami+airport+delayed+until+January&rft.date=2014-10-15&rft.au=Turnbell%2C+Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sun-sentinel.com%2Flocal%2Fbroward%2Ffl-tri-rail-miami-airport-20141015-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.southwest.com/travel_center/routemap.html">Southwest Airlines Cities</a>." <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southwest_Airlines" title="Southwest Airlines">Southwest Airlines</a></i>. Retrieved October 30, 2008.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamiherald.com/1460/story/1263994.html">"Cycling and walking"</a>. <i>miamiherald.com</i>. Miami Herald<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=miamiherald.com&rft.atitle=Cycling+and+walking&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamiherald.com%2F1460%2Fstory%2F1263994.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFSouth_Florida_Business_Journal2010" class="citation news cs1">South Florida Business Journal (April 6, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://southflorida.bizjournals.com/southflorida/stories/2010/04/05/daily16.html">"Miami becoming more bike friendly | South Florida Business Journal"</a>. Southflorida.bizjournals.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Miami+becoming+more+bike+friendly+%26%23124%3B+South+Florida+Business+Journal&rft.date=2010-04-06&rft.au=South+Florida+Business+Journal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsouthflorida.bizjournals.com%2Fsouthflorida%2Fstories%2F2010%2F04%2F05%2Fdaily16.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.walkscore.com/rankings/cities/">"2011 City and Neighborhood Rankings"</a>. Walk Score. 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2011+City+and+Neighborhood+Rankings&rft.pub=Walk+Score&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.walkscore.com%2Frankings%2Fcities%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-sister2-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sister2_165-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elheraldo.co/barranquilla/alcaldesa-noguera-firma-convenio-de-hermandad-con-miami-197628">"Mayor Noguera signs a sisterhood agreement with Miami (Spanish)"</a>. El Heraldo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mayor+Noguera+signs+a+sisterhood+agreement+with+Miami+%28Spanish%29&rft.pub=El+Heraldo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elheraldo.co%2Fbarranquilla%2Falcaldesa-noguera-firma-convenio-de-hermandad-con-miami-197628&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-sister-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sister_166-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sister_166-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sister_166-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sister_166-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sister_166-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sister_166-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sister_166-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sister_166-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sister_166-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sister_166-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070526222509/http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/MIC/pages/SisterCities/default.asp">"Mayor's International Council Sister Cities Program"</a>. City of Miami. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/MIC/pages/SisterCities/default.asp">the original</a> on May 26, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mayor%27s+International+Council+Sister+Cities+Program&rft.pub=City+of+Miami&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ci.miami.fl.us%2FMIC%2Fpages%2FSisterCities%2Fdefault.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Kagoshima_twinnings-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kagoshima_twinnings_167-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130602195754/http://www.city.kagoshima.lg.jp/_1010/shimin/7siseijouhou/7-8kouryu/7-8-1simaitosi.html"><bdi lang="ja">姉妹・友好・兄弟都市</bdi></a> [Sister cities] (in Japanese). Kagoshima International Affairs Division. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kagoshima.lg.jp/_1010/shimin/7siseijouhou/7-8kouryu/7-8-1simaitosi.html">the original</a> on June 2, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%A7%89%E5%A6%B9%E3%83%BB%E5%8F%8B%E5%A5%BD%E3%83%BB%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82&rft.pub=Kagoshima+International+Affairs+Division&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city.kagoshima.lg.jp%2F_1010%2Fshimin%2F7siseijouhou%2F7-8kouryu%2F7-8-1simaitosi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714213930/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2014/06/23/madrid-and-miami-sign-up-as-twin-towns/">"Madrid and Miami sign up as twin towns"</a>. latino foxnews. June 23, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2014/06/23/madrid-and-miami-sign-up-as-twin-towns/">the original</a> on July 14, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Madrid+and+Miami+sign+up+as+twin+towns&rft.date=2014-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flatino.foxnews.com%2Flatino%2Fpolitics%2F2014%2F06%2F23%2Fmadrid-and-miami-sign-up-as-twin-towns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402143701/http://sister-cities.org/sites/default/files/Miami%2C%20FL-Palermo%2C%20Italy.pdf">"Sister Cities:Miami Florida, Palermo Italy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sister-cities.org/sites/default/files/Miami,%20FL-Palermo,%20Italy.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on April 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sister+Cities%3AMiami+Florida%2C+Palermo+Italy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsister-cities.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FMiami%2C%2520FL-Palermo%2C%2520Italy.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.southampton.gov.uk/news/article.aspx?id=tcm:63-412460">"Southampton and Miami, Florida become sister cities at ceremonial signing event"</a>. Southampton City Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Southampton+and+Miami%2C+Florida+become+sister+cities+at+ceremonial+signing+event&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.southampton.gov.uk%2Fnews%2Farticle.aspx%3Fid%3Dtcm%3A63-412460&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anmp.pt/anmp/pro/mun1/gem101l0.php?cod_ent=M1100">"Lisboa – Geminações de Cidades e Vilas"</a> [Lisbon – Twinning of Cities and Towns] (in Portuguese). Associação Nacional de Municípios Portugueses [National Association of Portuguese Municipalities]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lisboa+%E2%80%93+Gemina%C3%A7%C3%B5es+de+Cidades+e+Vilas&rft.pub=Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o+Nacional+de+Munic%C3%ADpios+Portugueses+%5BNational+Association+of+Portuguese+Municipalities%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anmp.pt%2Fanmp%2Fpro%2Fmun1%2Fgem101l0.php%3Fcod_ent%3DM1100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131031202617/http://www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais">"Acordos de Geminação, de Cooperação e/ou Amizade da Cidade de Lisboa"</a> [Lisbon – Twinning Agreements, Cooperation and Friendship] (in Portuguese). Camara Municipal de Lisboa. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais">the original</a> on October 31, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Acordos+de+Gemina%C3%A7%C3%A3o%2C+de+Coopera%C3%A7%C3%A3o+e%2Fou+Amizade+da+Cidade+de+Lisboa&rft.pub=Camara+Municipal+de+Lisboa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cm-lisboa.pt%2Fmunicipio%2Frelacoes-internacionais&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishmiami.org/about/departments/israel_overseas/miami-yerucham_partnership/?mobile=1">"Miami-Yerucham Partnership"</a>. Greater Miami Jewish Federation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 7,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Miami-Yerucham+Partnership&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjewishmiami.org%2Fabout%2Fdepartments%2Fisrael_overseas%2Fmiami-yerucham_partnership%2F%3Fmobile%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiami" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Further_reading">Further reading</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li>Elizabeth M. Aranda, Sallie Hughes, and Elena Sabogal, <i>Making a Life in Multiethnic Miami: Immigration and the Rise of a Global City.</i> Boulder, Colorado: Renner, 2014.</li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1061125337">.mw-parser-output .sister-box{border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0;background:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .sister-box>div{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box>div>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox+style+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="metadata plainlinks sistersitebox plainlist sister-box mbox-small"><div><b>Miami</b>at Wikipedia's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Miami" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Miami">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Miami,_Florida" class="extiw" title="c:Miami, Florida">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Miami,_Florida" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Miami, Florida">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Miami" class="extiw" title="q:Miami">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Miami" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Miami">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Miami" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Miami">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Miami" class="extiw" title="voy:Miami">Travel guides</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Miami" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Miami">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li></ul></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamigov.com/">City of Miami – Official Site</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmcvb.com">Greater Miami Convention and Visitors Bureau</a></li></ul>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1061467846">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_relating_to_Miami_and_Miami-Dade_County" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_relating_to_Miami_and_Miami-Dade_County" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles relating to Miami and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami-Dade County">Miami-Dade County</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px">
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Miami_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Miami" title="Template:Miami"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Miami" title="Template talk:Miami"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Miami&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Miami_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miami</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/History_of_Miami" title="History of Miami">History</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Timeline_of_Miami" title="Timeline of Miami">timeline</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_in_Miami" title="List of neighborhoods in Miami">Neighborhoods</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Modern_architecture" title="Miami Modern architecture">Architecture</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Miami" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami">monuments</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Miami" title="List of tallest buildings in Miami">skyscrapers</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_people_from_Miami" title="List of people from Miami">People</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Media_in_Miami" title="Media in Miami">Media</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami#Economy" title="Miami">Economy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami#Geography" title="Miami">Geography</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Florida" title="Environmental issues in Florida">Environment</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Climate_of_Miami" title="Climate of Miami">climate</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami#Demographics" title="Miami">Demographics</a></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Seal_of_Miami,_Florida.svg" class="image" title="Seal of Miami"><img alt="Seal of Miami" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg/100px-Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg/150px-Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg/200px-Seal_of_Miami%2C_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1370" data-file-height="1370" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_in_Miami" title="List of neighborhoods in Miami">Neighborhoods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Allapattah" title="Allapattah">Allapattah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arts_%26_Entertainment_District" title="Arts & Entertainment District">Arts & Entertainment District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell" title="Brickell">Brickell</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buena_Vista_(Miami)" title="Buena Vista (Miami)">Buena Vista</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove" title="Coconut Grove">Coconut Grove</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Way" title="Coral Way">Coral Way</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Design_District" title="Miami Design District">Design District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_Business_District_(Miami)" title="Central Business District (Miami)">Downtown</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edgewater_(Miami)" title="Edgewater (Miami)">Edgewater</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flagami" title="Flagami">Flagami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grapeland_Heights" title="Grapeland Heights">Grapeland Heights</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Health_District_(Miami)" title="Health District (Miami)">Health District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Liberty_City_(Miami)" title="Liberty City (Miami)">Liberty City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Haiti" title="Little Haiti">Little Haiti</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Havana" title="Little Havana">Little Havana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lummus_Park_Historic_District" title="Lummus Park Historic District">Lummus Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Midtown_Miami" title="Midtown Miami">Midtown</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Overtown_(Miami)" title="Overtown (Miami)">Overtown</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Park_West_(Miami)" title="Park West (Miami)">Park West</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Roads" title="The Roads">The Roads</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Upper_Eastside" title="Upper Eastside">Upper Eastside</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venetian_Islands,_Florida" title="Venetian Islands, Florida">Venetian Islands</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virginia_Key" title="Virginia Key">Virginia Key</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Flagler" title="West Flagler">West Flagler</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wynwood" title="Wynwood">Wynwood</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Government_of_Miami" title="Government of Miami">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Miami" title="List of mayors of Miami">Mayors</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Emergency services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_Florida" title="List of hospitals in Florida">Hospitals</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Fire-Rescue_Department" title="Miami Fire-Rescue Department">Fire</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Police_Department" title="Miami Police Department">Police</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_Transit" title="Miami-Dade Transit">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_Transit" title="Miami-Dade Transit">Miami-Dade Transit</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metrorail_(Miami-Dade_County)" title="Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)">Metro rail</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metrobus_(Miami-Dade_County)" title="Metrobus (Miami-Dade County)">Bus</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metromover" title="Metromover">people mover</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brightline" title="Brightline">Brightline</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tri-Rail" title="Tri-Rail">Tri-Rail</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami#Cuisine" title="Miami">Cuisine</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_accent" title="Miami accent">Dialect</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Film_in_Miami" title="Film in Miami">Film</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Miami" title="LGBT culture in Miami">LGBT culture in Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami#Museums_and_art" title="Miami">Museums</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_of_Miami" title="Music of Miami">Music</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Miami_in_popular_culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miami in popular culture (page does not exist)">Popular culture</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sports_in_Miami" title="Sports in Miami">Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami#Tourism_and_conventions" title="Miami">Tourism</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami#Education" title="Miami">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County_Public_Schools" title="Miami-Dade County Public Schools">Miami-Dade County Public Schools</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Miami-Dade_County_Public_Schools" title="List of Miami-Dade County Public Schools">list</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_Public_Library_System" title="Miami-Dade Public Library System">Public libraries</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neighborhoods_in_Miami" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Miami_Neighborhoods" title="Template:Miami Neighborhoods"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Miami_Neighborhoods" title="Template talk:Miami Neighborhoods"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Miami_Neighborhoods&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neighborhoods_in_Miami" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhoods in Miami">Neighborhoods in Miami</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Allapattah" title="Allapattah">Allapattah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arts_%26_Entertainment_District" title="Arts & Entertainment District">Arts & Entertainment District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bay_Point_Estates" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay Point Estates">Bay Point</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bayside_Historic_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayside Historic District">Bayside</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Belle_Meade_(Miami)" class="mw-redirect" title="Belle Meade (Miami)">Belle Meade</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biscayne_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Biscayne Island">Biscayne Island</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell" title="Brickell">Brickell</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell_Key" title="Brickell Key">Brickell Key</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bryan_Park_(Miami)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bryan Park (Miami)">Bryan Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buena_Vista_(Miami)" title="Buena Vista (Miami)">Buena Vista</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove" title="Coconut Grove">Coconut Grove</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Gate" class="mw-redirect" title="Coral Gate">Coral Gate</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Way" title="Coral Way">Coral Way</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Design_District" title="Miami Design District">Design District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dodge_Island" title="Dodge Island">Dodge Island</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_Business_District_(Miami)" title="Central Business District (Miami)">Downtown</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edgewater_(Miami)" title="Edgewater (Miami)">Edgewater</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flagami" title="Flagami">Flagami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Golden_Pines_(Miami)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Pines (Miami)">Golden Pines</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grapeland_Heights" title="Grapeland Heights">Grapeland Heights</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Health_District_(Miami)" title="Health District (Miami)">Health District (Civic Center)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Ironside" title="Miami Ironside">Ironside</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Jewelry_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Jewelry District">Jewelry District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Liberty_City_(Miami)" title="Liberty City (Miami)">Liberty City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Haiti" title="Little Haiti">Little Haiti</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Havana" title="Little Havana">Little Havana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_River_(Miami)" title="Little River (Miami)">Little River</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lummus_Park_Historic_District" title="Lummus Park Historic District">Lummus Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Midtown_Miami" title="Midtown Miami">Midtown</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MiMo_District" class="mw-redirect" title="MiMo District">MiMo District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Morningside_(Miami)" class="mw-redirect" title="Morningside (Miami)">Morningside</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Overtown_(Miami)" title="Overtown (Miami)">Overtown</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Park_West_(Miami)" title="Park West (Miami)">Park West</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Riverside_(Miami)" title="Riverside (Miami)">Riverside</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/San_Marco_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="San Marco Island">San Marco Island</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shenandoah_(Miami)" title="Shenandoah (Miami)">Shenandoah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shorecrest_(Miami)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorecrest (Miami)">Shorecrest</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Silver_Bluff_(Miami)" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver Bluff (Miami)">Silver Bluff</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spring_Garden_(Miami)" title="Spring Garden (Miami)">Spring Garden</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Roads" title="The Roads">The Roads</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Upper_Eastside" title="Upper Eastside">Upper Eastside</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venetian_Islands,_Florida" title="Venetian Islands, Florida">Venetian Islands</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virginia_Key" title="Virginia Key">Virginia Key</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Watson_Island" title="Watson Island">Watson Island</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Flagler" title="West Flagler">West Flagler</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wynwood" title="Wynwood">Wynwood</a></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Miamiskyline20080113.png" class="image"><img alt="Miamiskyline20080113.png" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Miamiskyline20080113.png/200px-Miamiskyline20080113.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="58" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Miamiskyline20080113.png/300px-Miamiskyline20080113.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Miamiskyline20080113.png/400px-Miamiskyline20080113.png 2x" data-file-width="2405" data-file-height="701" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Miami-Dade_County,_Florida,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Template:Miami-Dade County, Florida"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Template talk:Miami-Dade County, Florida"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Miami-Dade_County,_Florida&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Miami-Dade_County,_Florida,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Miami-Dade County, Florida"><span class="region">Miami-Dade County, Florida</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div id="County_seat:_Miami"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span>Miami</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/City_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="City (Florida)">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aventura,_Florida" title="Aventura, Florida">Aventura</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Gables,_Florida" title="Coral Gables, Florida">Coral Gables</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Doral,_Florida" title="Doral, Florida">Doral</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_City,_Florida" title="Florida City, Florida">Florida City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah_Gardens,_Florida" title="Hialeah Gardens, Florida">Hialeah Gardens</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Homestead,_Florida" title="Homestead, Florida">Homestead</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach,_Florida" title="Miami Beach, Florida">Miami Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Gardens,_Florida" title="Miami Gardens, Florida">Miami Gardens</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Springs,_Florida" title="Miami Springs, Florida">Miami Springs</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Bay_Village,_Florida" title="North Bay Village, Florida">North Bay Village</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Miami,_Florida" title="North Miami, Florida">North Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Miami_Beach,_Florida" title="North Miami Beach, Florida">North Miami Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Opa-locka,_Florida" title="Opa-locka, Florida">Opa-locka</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Miami,_Florida" title="South Miami, Florida">South Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunny_Isles_Beach,_Florida" title="Sunny Isles Beach, Florida">Sunny Isles Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sweetwater,_Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Sweetwater, Miami-Dade County, Florida">Sweetwater</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Miami,_Florida" title="West Miami, Florida">West Miami</a></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Map_of_Florida_highlighting_Miami-Dade_County.svg/75px-Map_of_Florida_highlighting_Miami-Dade_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Map_of_Florida_highlighting_Miami-Dade_County.svg/113px-Map_of_Florida_highlighting_Miami-Dade_County.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Map_of_Florida_highlighting_Miami-Dade_County.svg/150px-Map_of_Florida_highlighting_Miami-Dade_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="7342" data-file-height="7321" /></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Town_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="Town (Florida)">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bay_Harbor_Islands,_Florida" title="Bay Harbor Islands, Florida">Bay Harbor Islands</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cutler_Bay,_Florida" title="Cutler Bay, Florida">Cutler Bay</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Golden_Beach,_Florida" title="Golden Beach, Florida">Golden Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Medley,_Florida" title="Medley, Florida">Medley</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Lakes,_Florida" title="Miami Lakes, Florida">Miami Lakes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Surfside,_Florida" title="Surfside, Florida">Surfside</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Village_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="Village (Florida)">Villages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bal_Harbour,_Florida" title="Bal Harbour, Florida">Bal Harbour</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biscayne_Park,_Florida" title="Biscayne Park, Florida">Biscayne Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Portal,_Florida" title="El Portal, Florida">El Portal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Creek,_Florida" title="Indian Creek, Florida">Indian Creek</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Key_Biscayne,_Florida" title="Key Biscayne, Florida">Key Biscayne</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Shores,_Florida" title="Miami Shores, Florida">Miami Shores</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palmetto_Bay,_Florida" title="Palmetto Bay, Florida">Palmetto Bay</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pinecrest,_Florida" title="Pinecrest, Florida">Pinecrest</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virginia_Gardens,_Florida" title="Virginia Gardens, Florida">Virginia Gardens</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brownsville,_Florida" title="Brownsville, Florida">Brownsville</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Terrace,_Florida" title="Coral Terrace, Florida">Coral Terrace</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Country_Club,_Florida" title="Country Club, Florida">Country Club</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Country_Walk,_Florida" title="Country Walk, Florida">Country Walk</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fisher_Island,_Florida" title="Fisher Island, Florida">Fisher Island</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fontainebleau,_Florida" title="Fontainebleau, Florida">Fontainebleau</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gladeview,_Florida" title="Gladeview, Florida">Gladeview</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Glenvar_Heights,_Florida" title="Glenvar Heights, Florida">Glenvar Heights</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Golden_Glades,_Florida" title="Golden Glades, Florida">Golden Glades</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Goulds,_Florida" title="Goulds, Florida">Goulds</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Homestead_Base,_Florida" title="Homestead Base, Florida">Homestead Base</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ives_Estates,_Florida" title="Ives Estates, Florida">Ives Estates</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kendale_Lakes,_Florida" title="Kendale Lakes, Florida">Kendale Lakes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kendall,_Florida" title="Kendall, Florida">Kendall</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kendall_West,_Florida" title="Kendall West, Florida">Kendall West</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leisure_City,_Florida" title="Leisure City, Florida">Leisure City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Naranja,_Florida" title="Naranja, Florida">Naranja</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ojus,_Florida" title="Ojus, Florida">Ojus</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Olympia_Heights,_Florida" title="Olympia Heights, Florida">Olympia Heights</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Springs_North,_Florida" title="Palm Springs North, Florida">Palm Springs North</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palmetto_Estates,_Florida" title="Palmetto Estates, Florida">Palmetto Estates</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pinewood,_Florida" title="Pinewood, Florida">Pinewood</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Princeton,_Florida" title="Princeton, Florida">Princeton</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Richmond_Heights,_Florida" title="Richmond Heights, Florida">Richmond Heights</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Richmond_West,_Florida" title="Richmond West, Florida">Richmond West</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Miami_Heights,_Florida" title="South Miami Heights, Florida">South Miami Heights</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunset,_Florida" title="Sunset, Florida">Sunset</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tamiami,_Florida" title="Tamiami, Florida">Tamiami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Crossings,_Florida" title="The Crossings, Florida">The Crossings</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Hammocks,_Florida" title="The Hammocks, Florida">The Hammocks</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Three_Lakes,_Florida" title="Three Lakes, Florida">Three Lakes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/University_Park,_Florida" title="University Park, Florida">University Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Little_River,_Florida" title="West Little River, Florida">West Little River</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Perrine,_Florida" title="West Perrine, Florida">West Perrine</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Westchester,_Florida" title="Westchester, Florida">Westchester</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Westview,_Florida" title="Westview, Florida">Westview</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Westwood_Lakes,_Florida" title="Westwood Lakes, Florida">Westwood Lakes</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Unincorporated_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Unincorporated community">Unincorporated<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coopertown,_Florida" title="Coopertown, Florida">Coopertown</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Islandia,_Florida" title="Islandia, Florida">Islandia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_Gables,_Florida" title="Little Gables, Florida">Little Gables</a></li>
<li>Ludlam</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Redland,_Florida" title="Redland, Florida">Redland</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/High_Pines,_Florida" title="High Pines, Florida">High Pines</a></li>
<li>Palm Springs Estates</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ponce-Davis,_Florida" title="Ponce-Davis, Florida">Ponce-Davis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_End,_Florida" title="West End, Florida">West End</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">Ghost town</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Perrine,_Florida" title="Perrine, Florida">Perrine</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miccosukee_Indian_Reservation" title="Miccosukee Indian Reservation">Miccosukee Indian Reservation</a>‡</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:Florida_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Florida (state)"><span>Florida portal</span></a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Miami_metropolitan_area" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Miami_metropolitan_area" title="Template:Miami metropolitan area"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Miami_metropolitan_area" title="Template talk:Miami metropolitan area"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Miami_metropolitan_area&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Miami_metropolitan_area" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_metropolitan_area" title="Miami metropolitan area">Miami metropolitan area</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Population:_6,012,331_(2015)">Population: <b>6,012,331</b> (2015)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Miami-Dade County, Florida">Miami-Dade</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broward_County,_Florida" title="Broward County, Florida">Broward</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Beach_County,_Florida" title="Palm Beach County, Florida">Palm Beach</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Major city<br />441k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miami</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Cities and towns<br />100k–250k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Springs,_Florida" title="Coral Springs, Florida">Coral Springs</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hollywood,_Florida" title="Hollywood, Florida">Hollywood</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Gardens,_Florida" title="Miami Gardens, Florida">Miami Gardens</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miramar,_Florida" title="Miramar, Florida">Miramar</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pembroke_Pines,_Florida" title="Pembroke Pines, Florida">Pembroke Pines</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pompano_Beach,_Florida" title="Pompano Beach, Florida">Pompano Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Palm_Beach,_Florida" title="West Palm Beach, Florida">West Palm Beach</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Cities and towns<br />25k–99k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aventura,_Florida" title="Aventura, Florida">Aventura</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boca_Raton,_Florida" title="Boca Raton, Florida">Boca Raton</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boynton_Beach,_Florida" title="Boynton Beach, Florida">Boynton Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Creek,_Florida" title="Coconut Creek, Florida">Coconut Creek</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cooper_City,_Florida" title="Cooper City, Florida">Cooper City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Gables,_Florida" title="Coral Gables, Florida">Coral Gables</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cutler_Bay,_Florida" title="Cutler Bay, Florida">Cutler Bay</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dania_Beach,_Florida" title="Dania Beach, Florida">Dania Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Davie,_Florida" title="Davie, Florida">Davie</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deerfield_Beach,_Florida" title="Deerfield Beach, Florida">Deerfield Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Delray_Beach,_Florida" title="Delray Beach, Florida">Delray Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Doral,_Florida" title="Doral, Florida">Doral</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greenacres,_Florida" title="Greenacres, Florida">Greenacres</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hallandale_Beach,_Florida" title="Hallandale Beach, Florida">Hallandale Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Homestead,_Florida" title="Homestead, Florida">Homestead</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jupiter,_Florida" title="Jupiter, Florida">Jupiter</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lake_Worth,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Worth, Florida">Lake Worth</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lauderdale_Lakes,_Florida" title="Lauderdale Lakes, Florida">Lauderdale Lakes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lauderhill,_Florida" title="Lauderhill, Florida">Lauderhill</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Margate,_Florida" title="Margate, Florida">Margate</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach,_Florida" title="Miami Beach, Florida">Miami Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="North Lauderdale, Florida">North Lauderdale</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Miami,_Florida" title="North Miami, Florida">North Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Miami_Beach,_Florida" title="North Miami Beach, Florida">North Miami Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oakland_Park,_Florida" title="Oakland Park, Florida">Oakland Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Beach_Gardens,_Florida" title="Palm Beach Gardens, Florida">Palm Beach Gardens</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Plantation,_Florida" title="Plantation, Florida">Plantation</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Riviera_Beach,_Florida" title="Riviera Beach, Florida">Riviera Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunrise,_Florida" title="Sunrise, Florida">Sunrise</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tamarac,_Florida" title="Tamarac, Florida">Tamarac</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Park,_Florida" title="West Park, Florida">West Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Weston,_Florida" title="Weston, Florida">Weston</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wilton_Manors,_Florida" title="Wilton Manors, Florida">Wilton Manors</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Cities and towns<br />10k–25k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Belle_Glade,_Florida" title="Belle Glade, Florida">Belle Glade</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah_Gardens,_Florida" title="Hialeah Gardens, Florida">Hialeah Gardens</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lighthouse_Point,_Florida" title="Lighthouse Point, Florida">Lighthouse Point</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Lakes,_Florida" title="Miami Lakes, Florida">Miami Lakes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Springs,_Florida" title="Miami Springs, Florida">Miami Springs</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Opa-locka,_Florida" title="Opa-locka, Florida">Opa-locka</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Beach,_Florida" title="Palm Beach, Florida">Palm Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parkland,_Florida" title="Parkland, Florida">Parkland</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Miami,_Florida" title="South Miami, Florida">South Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunny_Isles_Beach,_Florida" title="Sunny Isles Beach, Florida">Sunny Isles Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sweetwater,_Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Sweetwater, Miami-Dade County, Florida">Sweetwater</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Springs,_Florida" title="Palm Springs, Florida">Palm Springs</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>A list of cities under 10,000 is available <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_metropolitan_area#Cities" title="Miami metropolitan area">here</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greater_Miami_Area" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Greater_Miami" title="Template:Greater Miami"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Greater_Miami" title="Template talk:Greater Miami"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Greater_Miami&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greater_Miami_Area" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_metropolitan_area" title="Miami metropolitan area">Greater Miami Area</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div id="*_Miami_*_Fort_Lauderdale_*_West_Palm_Beach_*_Miami_metropolitan_area">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Palm_Beach,_Florida" title="West Palm Beach, Florida">West Palm Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_metropolitan_area" title="Miami metropolitan area">Miami metropolitan area</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central business district</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Downtown_Miami" title="Greater Downtown Miami">Downtown Miami</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arts_%26_Entertainment_District" title="Arts & Entertainment District">Arts & Entertainment District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell" title="Brickell">Brickell</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_Business_District_(Miami)" title="Central Business District (Miami)">Central Business District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami_Historic_District" title="Downtown Miami Historic District">Historic District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Government_Center_(Miami)" title="Government Center (Miami)">Government Center</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Park_West_(Miami)" title="Park West (Miami)">Park West</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major urban areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aventura,_Florida" title="Aventura, Florida">Aventura</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coconut_Grove" title="Coconut Grove">Coconut Grove</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Gables,_Florida" title="Coral Gables, Florida">Coral Gables</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dadeland" title="Dadeland">Dadeland</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Health_District_(Miami)" title="Health District (Miami)">Health District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hollywood,_Florida" title="Hollywood, Florida">Hollywood</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Midtown_Miami" title="Midtown Miami">Midtown</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edgewater_(Miami)" title="Edgewater (Miami)">Edgewater</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wynwood" title="Wynwood">Wynwood</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pembroke_Pines,_Florida" title="Pembroke Pines, Florida">Pembroke Pines</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Beach" title="South Beach">South Beach</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges<br />and universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barry_University" title="Barry University">Barry University</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broward_College" title="Broward College">Broward College</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carlos_Albizu_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlos Albizu University">Carlos Albizu University</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Atlantic_University" title="Florida Atlantic University">Florida Atlantic University</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_International_University" title="Florida International University">Florida International University</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Memorial_University" title="Florida Memorial University">Florida Memorial University</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Johnson_%26_Wales_University" title="Johnson & Wales University">Johnson & Wales University</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Dade_College" title="Miami Dade College">Miami Dade College</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_University_of_Art_%26_Design" title="Miami International University of Art & Design">Miami International University of Art & Design</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nova_Southeastern_University" title="Nova Southeastern University">Nova Southeastern University</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Thomas_University_(Florida)" title="St. Thomas University (Florida)">St. Thomas University</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/University_of_Fort_Lauderdale" title="University of Fort Lauderdale">University of Fort Lauderdale</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parks and recreation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alice_Wainwright_Park" title="Alice Wainwright Park">Alice Wainwright Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amelia_Earhart_Park" title="Amelia Earhart Park">Amelia Earhart Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arch_Creek,_Florida" title="Arch Creek, Florida">Arch Creek</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Barnacle_Historic_State_Park" title="The Barnacle Historic State Park">The Barnacle Historic State Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bayfront_Park" title="Bayfront Park">Bayfront Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Big_Cypress_National_Preserve" title="Big Cypress National Preserve">Big Cypress National Preserve</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bill_Baggs_Cape_Florida_State_Park" title="Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park">Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biscayne_National_Park" title="Biscayne National Park">Biscayne National Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brian_Piccolo_Park" title="Brian Piccolo Park">Brian Piccolo Sports Park & Velodrome</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chapman_Field_Park" title="Chapman Field Park">Chapman Field Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crandon_Park" title="Crandon Park">Crandon Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dinner_Key" title="Dinner Key">Dinner Key</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Everglades_National_Park" title="Everglades National Park">Everglades National Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fairchild_Tropical_Botanic_Garden" title="Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden">Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Dallas" title="Fort Dallas">Fort Dallas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fruit_%26_Spice_Park" title="Fruit & Spice Park">Fruit & Spice Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greynolds_Park" title="Greynolds Park">Greynolds Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haulover_Park" title="Haulover Park">Haulover Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jungle_Island" title="Jungle Island">Jungle Island</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Kampong" title="The Kampong">The Kampong</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Margaret_Pace_Park" title="Margaret Pace Park">Margaret Pace Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Matheson_Hammock_Park" title="Matheson Hammock Park">Matheson Hammock Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Seaquarium" title="Miami Seaquarium">Miami Seaquarium</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Monkey_Jungle" title="Monkey Jungle">Monkey Jungle</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Museum_Park_(Miami)" title="Museum Park (Miami)">Museum Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oleta_River_State_Park" title="Oleta River State Park">Oleta River State Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peacock_Park" title="Peacock Park">Peacock Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shark_Valley" title="Shark Valley">Shark Valley</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Simpson_Park_Hammock" title="Simpson Park Hammock">Simpson Park Hammock</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Pointe_Park" title="South Pointe Park">South Pointe Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tamiami_Park" title="Tamiami Park">Tamiami Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tropical_Park" title="Tropical Park">Tropical Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virginia_Key" title="Virginia Key">Virginia Key</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zoo_Miami" title="Zoo Miami">Zoo Miami</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attractions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adrienne_Arsht_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts">Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bass_Museum" title="Bass Museum">Bass Museum</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bergeron_Rodeo_Grounds" title="Bergeron Rodeo Grounds">Bergeron Rodeo Grounds</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/BB%26T_Center_(Sunrise,_Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="BB&T Center (Sunrise, Florida)">BB&T Center</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Biltmore_Hotel" title="Miami Biltmore Hotel">Biltmore Hotel</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boca_Chita_Key_Historic_District" title="Boca Chita Key Historic District">Bonita Chita Key</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Butterfly_World" title="Butterfly World">Butterfly World</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Castle" title="Coral Castle">Coral Castle</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Miami_Historic_District" title="Downtown Miami Historic District">Downtown Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/FIU_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="FIU Arena">FIU Arena</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/FIU_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="FIU Stadium">FIU Stadium</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Grand_Opera" title="Florida Grand Opera">Florida Grand Opera</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fontainebleau_Miami_Beach" title="Fontainebleau Miami Beach">Fontainebleau Miami Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale_Swap_Shop" title="Fort Lauderdale Swap Shop">Fort Lauderdale Swap Shop</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frost_Art_Museum" title="Frost Art Museum">Frost Art Museum</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frost_School_of_Music" title="Frost School of Music">Frost School of Music</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/FTX_Arena" title="FTX Arena">FTX Arena</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gulfstream_Park" title="Gulfstream Park">Gulfstream Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hard_Rock_Stadium" title="Hard Rock Stadium">Hard Rock Stadium</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/HistoryMiami" title="HistoryMiami">HistoryMiami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Holocaust_Memorial_of_the_Greater_Miami_Jewish_Federation" title="Holocaust Memorial of the Greater Miami Jewish Federation">Holocaust Memorial</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Homestead_Historic_Downtown_District" title="Homestead Historic Downtown District">Homestead</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jewish_Museum_of_Florida" title="Jewish Museum of Florida">Jewish Museum of Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Las_Olas_Boulevard" title="Las Olas Boulevard">Las Olas Boulevard</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/LoanDepot_Park" title="LoanDepot Park">LoanDepot Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lowe_Art_Museum" title="Lowe Art Museum">Lowe Art Museum</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lincoln_Road" title="Lincoln Road">Lincoln Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lummus_Park_Historic_District" title="Lummus Park Historic District">Lummus Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MacFarlane_Homestead_Historic_District" title="MacFarlane Homestead Historic District">MacFarlane Homestead</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach_Architectural_District" title="Miami Beach Architectural District">Miami Beach Architectural District</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Beach_Convention_Center" title="Miami Beach Convention Center">Miami Beach Convention Center</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Children%27s_Museum" title="Miami Children's Museum">Miami Children's Museum</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_City_Ballet" title="Miami City Ballet">Miami City Ballet</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Conservatory" title="Miami Conservatory">Miami Conservatory</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art,_North_Miami" title="Museum of Contemporary Art, North Miami">Museum of Contemporary Art</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_World_Symphony_(orchestra)" title="New World Symphony (orchestra)">New World Symphony Orchestra</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Normandy_Isles_Historic_District" title="Normandy Isles Historic District">Normandy Isles</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Shore_Historic_District_(Miami_Beach,_Florida)" title="North Shore Historic District (Miami Beach, Florida)">North Shore</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ocean_Drive_(South_Beach)" title="Ocean Drive (South Beach)">Ocean Drive</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phillip_and_Patricia_Frost_Museum_of_Science" title="Phillip and Patricia Frost Museum of Science">Phillip and Patricia Frost Museum of Science</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/P%C3%A9rez_Art_Museum_Miami" title="Pérez Art Museum Miami">Pérez Art Museum Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Riverwalk_(Fort_Lauderdale)" title="Riverwalk (Fort Lauderdale)">Riverwalk</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seminole_Hard_Rock_Hotel_%26_Casino_Hollywood" title="Seminole Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Hollywood">Seminole Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Hollywood</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Beach" title="South Beach">South Beach</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Miami_Line" title="The Miami Line">The Miami Line</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vizcaya_Museum_and_Gardens" title="Vizcaya Museum and Gardens">Vizcaya Museum and Gardens</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Watsco_Center" title="Watsco Center">Watsco Center</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wolfsonian-FIU" title="Wolfsonian-FIU">Wolfsonian-FIU</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wynwood_Art_District" title="Wynwood Art District">Wynwood Art District</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major shopping centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aventura_Mall" title="Aventura Mall">Aventura Mall</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bal_Harbour_Shops" title="Bal Harbour Shops">Bal Harbour Shops</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bayside_Marketplace" title="Bayside Marketplace">Bayside Marketplace</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell_City_Centre" title="Brickell City Centre">Brickell City Centre</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CocoWalk" title="CocoWalk">CocoWalk</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Square" title="Coral Square">Coral Square</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dadeland_Mall" title="Dadeland Mall">Dadeland Mall</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dolphin_Mall" title="Dolphin Mall">Dolphin Mall</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Falls_(mall)" title="The Falls (mall)">The Falls</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flagler_Street" title="Flagler Street">Flagler Street</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Galleria_at_Fort_Lauderdale" title="The Galleria at Fort Lauderdale">The Galleria at Fort Lauderdale</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lincoln_Road" title="Lincoln Road">Lincoln Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Mall_at_163rd_Street" title="The Mall at 163rd Street">The Mall at 163rd Street</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mall_of_the_Americas" title="Mall of the Americas">Mall of the Americas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mary_Brickell_Village" title="Mary Brickell Village">Mary Brickell Village</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Mall" title="Miami International Mall">Miami International Mall</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Midtown_Miami" title="Midtown Miami">Midtown Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miracle_Marketplace" title="Miracle Marketplace">Miracle Marketplace</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pembroke_Lakes_Mall" title="Pembroke Lakes Mall">Pembroke Lakes Mall</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Promenade_at_Coconut_Creek" title="The Promenade at Coconut Creek">The Promenade at Coconut Creek</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Shops_at_Sunset_Place" title="The Shops at Sunset Place">The Shops at Sunset Place</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sawgrass_Mills" title="Sawgrass Mills">Sawgrass Mills</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southland_Mall_(Miami)" title="Southland Mall (Miami)">Southland Mall</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shops_at_Merrick_Park" title="Shops at Merrick Park">Shops at Merrick Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Westfield_Broward" class="mw-redirect" title="Westfield Broward">Westfield Broward</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Westland_Mall_(Hialeah)" title="Westland Mall (Hialeah)">Westland Mall</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Transportation_in_South_Florida" title="Transportation in South Florida">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broward_County_Transit" title="Broward County Transit">Broward County Transit</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brightline" title="Brightline">Brightline</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Government_Center_station_(Miami)" title="Government Center station (Miami)">Government Center</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale_Executive_Airport" title="Fort Lauderdale Executive Airport">Fort Lauderdale Executive Airport</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale%E2%80%93Hollywood_International_Airport" title="Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport">Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_Transit" title="Miami-Dade Transit">Miami-Dade Transit</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_Transit#Metrobus" title="Miami-Dade Transit">Metrobus</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metromover" title="Metromover">Metromover</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metrorail_(Miami-Dade_County)" title="Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)">Metrorail</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MIA_Mover" title="MIA Mover">MIA Mover</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MiamiCentral" title="MiamiCentral">MiamiCentral</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Intermodal_Center" title="Miami Intermodal Center">Miami Intermodal Center</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_International_Airport" title="Miami International Airport">Miami International Airport</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Perry_Airport" title="North Perry Airport">North Perry Airport</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Beach_International_Airport" title="Palm Beach International Airport">Palm Beach International Airport</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Tran" title="Palm Tran">Palm Tran</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pompano_Beach_Airpark" title="Pompano Beach Airpark">Pompano Beach Airpark</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Port_Everglades" title="Port Everglades">Port Everglades</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Port_of_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Port of Miami">Port of Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tri-Rail" title="Tri-Rail">Tri-Rail</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major thoroughfares</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_915" title="Florida State Road 915">East 6th Avenue</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Route_27_in_Florida" title="U.S. Route 27 in Florida">North 36th Street</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_944" title="Florida State Road 944">North 54th Street</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_934" title="Florida State Road 934">North 79th Street</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_932" title="Florida State Road 932">North 103rd Street</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_922" title="Florida State Road 922">North 125th Street</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_916" title="Florida State Road 916">North 135th Street</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Route_441_in_Florida" title="U.S. Route 441 in Florida">West 7th Avenue</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_933" title="Florida State Road 933">West 12th Avenue</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_9" title="Florida State Road 9">West 27th Avenue</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_985" title="Florida State Road 985">West 107th Avenue</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_989" title="Florida State Road 989">Allapattah Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_907" title="Florida State Road 907">Alton Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bird_Road" title="Bird Road">Bird Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biscayne_Boulevard" class="mw-redirect" title="Biscayne Boulevard">Biscayne Boulevard</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brickell_Avenue" title="Brickell Avenue">Brickell Avenue</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_922" title="Florida State Road 922">Broad Causeway</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Collins_Avenue" title="Collins Avenue">Collins Avenue</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Reef_Drive" title="Coral Reef Drive">Coral Reef Drive</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Way_(street)" title="Coral Way (street)">Coral Way</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_852" title="Florida State Road 852">County Line Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Douglas_Road_(Miami)" title="Douglas Road (Miami)">Douglas Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flagler_Street" title="Flagler Street">Flagler Street</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Galloway_Road" title="Galloway Road">Galloway Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_924" title="Florida State Road 924">Gratigny</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/County_Road_854_(Miami-Dade_County,_Florida)" title="County Road 854 (Miami-Dade County, Florida)">Ives Dairy Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Interstate_195_(Florida)" title="Interstate 195 (Florida)">Julia Tuttle Causeway</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kendall_Drive" title="Kendall Drive">Kendall Drive</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_934" title="Florida State Road 934">John F. Kennedy Causeway</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_990" title="Florida State Road 990">Killian</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_997" title="Florida State Road 997">Krome Avenue</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_856" title="Florida State Road 856">William Lehman Causeway</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Le_Jeune_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Jeune Road">Le Jeune Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ludlam_Road" title="Ludlam Road">Ludlam Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MacArthur_Causeway" title="MacArthur Causeway">MacArthur Causeway</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Avenue" title="Miami Avenue">Miami Avenue</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_860" title="Florida State Road 860">Miami Gardens Drive</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_969" title="Florida State Road 969">Milam Dairy Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miracle_Mile_(Coral_Gables)" title="Miracle Mile (Coral Gables)">Miracle Mile</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Route_27_in_Florida" title="U.S. Route 27 in Florida">Okeechobee Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Old_Cutler_Road" title="Old Cutler Road">Old Cutler Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_886" title="Florida State Road 886">Port Boulevard</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_994" title="Florida State Road 994">Quail Roost Drive</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red_Road_(Miami)" title="Red Road (Miami)">Red Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rickenbacker_Causeway" title="Rickenbacker Causeway">Rickenbacker Causeway</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._Route_1_in_Florida#Miami-Dade_County" title="U.S. Route 1 in Florida">South Dixie Highway</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunset_Drive" title="Sunset Drive">Sunset Drive</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tamiami_Trail" title="Tamiami Trail">Tamiami Trail</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_817" title="Florida State Road 817">University Drive</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Venetian_Causeway" title="Venetian Causeway">Venetian Causeway</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_State_Road_909" title="Florida State Road 909">West Dixie Highway</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div>
<ul><li><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" title="WikiProject" width="16" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Miami" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Miami">WikiProject</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x16px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_State_of_Florida" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Florida" title="Template:Florida"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Florida" title="Template talk:Florida"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Florida&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x16px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_State_of_Florida" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/35px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/46px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div id="Tallahassee_(capital)"><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Florida" title="Category:Florida">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Index_of_Florida-related_articles" title="Index of Florida-related articles">Index</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Climate_of_Florida" title="Climate of Florida">Climate</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Climate_change_in_Florida" title="Climate change in Florida">Climate change</a>)</li>
<li>Congressional
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Florida" title="United States congressional delegations from Florida">Delegations</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida%27s_congressional_districts" title="Florida's congressional districts">Districts</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Education_in_Florida" title="Education in Florida">Education</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Environment_of_Florida" title="Environment of Florida">Environment</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Florida" title="Environmental issues in Florida">Environmental issues</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fauna_of_Florida" title="Fauna of Florida">Fauna</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Florida" title="Category:Flora of Florida">Flora</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Geology_of_Florida" title="Geology of Florida">Geology</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Government_of_Florida" title="Government of Florida">Government</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Florida_hurricanes" title="List of Florida hurricanes">Hurricanes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Law_of_Florida" title="Law of Florida">Law</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Florida" title="Category:Mass media in Florida">Mass media</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Florida" title="List of newspapers in Florida">Newspapers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Florida" title="List of radio stations in Florida">Radio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Florida" title="List of television stations in Florida">TV</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Florida_state_symbols" title="List of Florida state symbols">Symbols</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flag_of_Florida" title="Flag of Florida">Flag</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/In_God_We_Trust" title="In God We Trust">Motto</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seal_of_Florida" title="Seal of Florida">Seal</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Florida" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Florida">Tourist attractions</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Transportation_in_Florida" title="Transportation in Florida">Transportation</a></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Seal_of_Florida.svg/100px-Seal_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Seal_of_Florida.svg/150px-Seal_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Seal_of_Florida.svg/200px-Seal_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /><div><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seal_of_Florida" title="Seal of Florida">Seal of Florida</a></span></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/History_of_Florida" title="History of Florida">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Timeline_of_Florida_history" title="Timeline of Florida history">Timeline</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spanish_Florida" title="Spanish Florida">Spanish Florida</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Florida" title="Spanish missions in Florida">Missions</a></li></ul></li>
<li>British Rule
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/East_Florida" title="East Florida">East Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Florida" title="West Florida">West Florida</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seminole" title="Seminole">Seminole</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Territory" title="Florida Territory">Florida Territory</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seminole_Wars" title="Seminole Wars">Seminole Wars</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/History_of_slavery_in_Florida" title="History of slavery in Florida">Slavery</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Plantations_of_Leon_County,_Florida" title="Plantations of Leon County, Florida">Plantations of Leon County</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Florida in the American Civil War">Civil War</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_East_Coast_Railway" title="Florida East Coast Railway">Florida East Coast Railway</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_land_boom_of_the_1920s" title="Florida land boom of the 1920s">Florida land boom of the 1920s</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cape_Canaveral" title="Cape Canaveral">Cape Canaveral</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disney_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Disney World">Disney World</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Geography_of_Florida" title="Geography of Florida">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Beaches_of_Florida" title="Category:Beaches of Florida">Beaches</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_caves_in_the_United_States#Florida" title="List of caves in the United States">Caves</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Everglades" title="Everglades">Everglades</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Draining_and_development_of_the_Everglades" title="Draining and development of the Everglades">Drainage and development</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Keys" title="Florida Keys">Keys</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Florida" title="Category:Lakes of Florida">Lakes</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lake_Okeechobee" title="Lake Okeechobee">Lake Okeechobee</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Reef" title="Florida Reef">Reef</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Florida" title="List of rivers of Florida">Rivers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sinkhole" title="Sinkhole">Sinkholes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_major_springs_in_Florida" title="List of major springs in Florida">Springs</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_state_forests" title="Florida state forests">State forests</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Florida_state_parks" title="List of Florida state parks">State parks</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_swamps" title="Florida swamps">Swamps</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Florida_Hurricanes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Florida Hurricanes">Major<br /> hurricanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1919_Florida_Keys_hurricane" title="1919 Florida Keys hurricane">Florida Keys (1919)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1921_Tampa_Bay_hurricane" title="1921 Tampa Bay hurricane">Tampa Bay (1921)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1926_Miami_hurricane" title="1926 Miami hurricane">Miami (1926)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1928_Okeechobee_hurricane" title="1928 Okeechobee hurricane">Okeechobee (1928)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1929_Bahamas_hurricane" title="1929 Bahamas hurricane">Florida Keys (1929)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1933_Treasure_Coast_hurricane" title="1933 Treasure Coast hurricane">Treasure Coast (1933)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1935_Labor_Day_hurricane" title="1935 Labor Day hurricane">Labor Day (1935)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1944_Cuba%E2%80%93Florida_hurricane" title="1944 Cuba–Florida hurricane">Dry Tortugas (1944)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1945_Homestead_hurricane" title="1945 Homestead hurricane">Homestead (1945)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1947_Fort_Lauderdale_hurricane" title="1947 Fort Lauderdale hurricane">Fort Lauderdale (1947)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/September_1948_Florida_hurricane" title="September 1948 Florida hurricane">South Florida (1948)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1949_Florida_hurricane" title="1949 Florida hurricane">1949 Florida hurricane</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Easy_(1950)" title="Hurricane Easy (1950)">Easy (1950)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_King" title="Hurricane King">King (1950)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Donna" title="Hurricane Donna">Donna (1960)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Betsy" title="Hurricane Betsy">Betsy (1965)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Eloise" title="Hurricane Eloise">Eloise (1975)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Elena" title="Hurricane Elena">Elena (1985)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Andrew" title="Hurricane Andrew">Andrew (1992)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Opal" title="Hurricane Opal">Opal (1995)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Charley" title="Hurricane Charley">Charley (2004)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Frances" title="Hurricane Frances">Frances (2004)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Ivan" title="Hurricane Ivan">Ivan (2004)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Jeanne" title="Hurricane Jeanne">Jeanne (2004)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Dennis" title="Hurricane Dennis">Dennis (2005)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Wilma" title="Hurricane Wilma">Wilma (2005)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Matthew" title="Hurricane Matthew">Matthew (2016)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Irma" title="Hurricane Irma">Irma (2017)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Michael" title="Hurricane Michael">Michael (2018)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Dorian" title="Hurricane Dorian">Dorian (2019)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurricane_Sally" title="Hurricane Sally">Sally (2020)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:African-American_history_of_Florida" title="Category:African-American history of Florida">African-American</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crime_in_Florida" title="Crime in Florida">Crime</a></li>
<li>Cuban-American culture
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cuban_migration_to_Miami" title="Cuban migration to Miami">Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Cuban-American_culture_in_Tampa,_Florida" title="Category:Cuban-American culture in Tampa, Florida">Tampa</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Culture_of_Florida" title="Culture of Florida">Culture</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Demographics_of_Florida" title="Demographics of Florida">Demographics</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Economy_of_Florida" title="Economy of Florida">Economy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Education_in_Florida" title="Education in Florida">Education</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_people_from_Florida" title="List of people from Florida">Floridians</a></li>
<li>Haitian-American culture
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haitian_diaspora#Delray_Beach" title="Haitian diaspora">Delray Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haitian_diaspora#Miami" title="Haitian diaspora">Miami</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Florida" title="Indigenous peoples of Florida">Indigenous peoples</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indigenous_people_of_the_Everglades_region" title="Indigenous people of the Everglades region">Everglades</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Politics_of_Florida" title="Politics of Florida">Politics</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sports_in_Florida" title="Sports in Florida">Sports</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Florida" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Big_Bend_(Florida)" title="Big Bend (Florida)">Big Bend</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_Florida" title="Central Florida">Central Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emerald_Coast" title="Emerald Coast">Emerald Coast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Everglades" title="Everglades">Everglades</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/First_Coast" title="First Coast">First Coast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Forgotten_Coast" title="Forgotten Coast">Forgotten Coast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gold_Coast_(Florida)" title="Gold Coast (Florida)">Gold Coast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Halifax_area" title="Halifax area">Halifax area</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Heartland" title="Florida Heartland">Heartland</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Keys" title="Florida Keys">Keys</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nature_Coast" title="Nature Coast">Nature Coast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Central_Florida" title="North Central Florida">North Central Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Florida" title="North Florida">North Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Panhandle" title="Florida Panhandle">Panhandle</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Florida" title="South Florida">South Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southwest_Florida" title="Southwest Florida">Southwest Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Space_Coast" title="Space Coast">Space Coast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida_Suncoast" title="Florida Suncoast">Suncoast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampa Bay Area">Tampa Bay Area</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Treasure_Coast" title="Treasure Coast">Treasure Coast</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_of_Florida" title="List of metropolitan areas of Florida">Metro areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lee_County,_Florida" title="Lee County, Florida">Cape Coral–Fort Myers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crestview%E2%80%93Fort_Walton_Beach%E2%80%93Destin_metropolitan_area" title="Crestview–Fort Walton Beach–Destin metropolitan area">Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deltona%E2%80%93Daytona_Beach%E2%80%93Ormond_Beach,_Florida_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" title="Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area">Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gainesville_metropolitan_area,_Florida" title="Gainesville metropolitan area, Florida">Gainesville</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Citrus_County,_Florida" title="Citrus County, Florida">Homosassa Springs</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jacksonville_metropolitan_area,_Florida" title="Jacksonville metropolitan area, Florida">Jacksonville</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lakeland%E2%80%93Winter_Haven_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakeland–Winter Haven metropolitan area">Lakeland–Winter Haven</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_metropolitan_area" title="Miami metropolitan area">Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Collier_County,_Florida" title="Collier County, Florida">Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sarasota_metropolitan_area" title="Sarasota metropolitan area">North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marion_County,_Florida" title="Marion County, Florida">Ocala</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Orlando" title="Greater Orlando">Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brevard_County,_Florida" title="Brevard County, Florida">Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Panama_City_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Panama City metropolitan area">Panama City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pensacola_metropolitan_area" title="Pensacola metropolitan area">Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Treasure_Coast" title="Treasure Coast">Port St. Lucie</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charlotte_County,_Florida" title="Charlotte County, Florida">Punta Gorda</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_River_County,_Florida" title="Indian River County, Florida">Sebastian-Vero Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Highlands_County,_Florida" title="Highlands County, Florida">Sebring</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tallahassee_metropolitan_area" title="Tallahassee metropolitan area">Tallahassee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tampa_Bay_area" title="Tampa Bay area">Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sumter_County,_Florida" title="Sumter County, Florida">The Villages</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Florida" title="List of municipalities in Florida">Largest cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Port_St._Lucie,_Florida" title="Port St. Lucie, Florida">Port St. Lucie</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Palm_Beach,_Florida" title="West Palm Beach, Florida">West Palm Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cape_Coral,_Florida" title="Cape Coral, Florida">Cape Coral</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pembroke_Pines,_Florida" title="Pembroke Pines, Florida">Pembroke Pines</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hollywood,_Florida" title="Hollywood, Florida">Hollywood</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miramar,_Florida" title="Miramar, Florida">Miramar</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Florida" title="List of counties in Florida">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alachua_County,_Florida" title="Alachua County, Florida">Alachua</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Baker_County,_Florida" title="Baker County, Florida">Baker</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bay_County,_Florida" title="Bay County, Florida">Bay</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bradford_County,_Florida" title="Bradford County, Florida">Bradford</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brevard_County,_Florida" title="Brevard County, Florida">Brevard</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broward_County,_Florida" title="Broward County, Florida">Broward</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Calhoun_County,_Florida" title="Calhoun County, Florida">Calhoun</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charlotte_County,_Florida" title="Charlotte County, Florida">Charlotte</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Citrus_County,_Florida" title="Citrus County, Florida">Citrus</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Clay_County,_Florida" title="Clay County, Florida">Clay</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Collier_County,_Florida" title="Collier County, Florida">Collier</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Columbia_County,_Florida" title="Columbia County, Florida">Columbia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DeSoto_County,_Florida" title="DeSoto County, Florida">DeSoto</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dixie_County,_Florida" title="Dixie County, Florida">Dixie</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Duval_County,_Florida" title="Duval County, Florida">Duval</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Escambia_County,_Florida" title="Escambia County, Florida">Escambia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flagler_County,_Florida" title="Flagler County, Florida">Flagler</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Franklin_County,_Florida" title="Franklin County, Florida">Franklin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gadsden_County,_Florida" title="Gadsden County, Florida">Gadsden</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gilchrist_County,_Florida" title="Gilchrist County, Florida">Gilchrist</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Glades_County,_Florida" title="Glades County, Florida">Glades</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gulf_County,_Florida" title="Gulf County, Florida">Gulf</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hamilton_County,_Florida" title="Hamilton County, Florida">Hamilton</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hardee_County,_Florida" title="Hardee County, Florida">Hardee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hendry_County,_Florida" title="Hendry County, Florida">Hendry</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hernando_County,_Florida" title="Hernando County, Florida">Hernando</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Highlands_County,_Florida" title="Highlands County, Florida">Highlands</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hillsborough_County,_Florida" title="Hillsborough County, Florida">Hillsborough</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Holmes_County,_Florida" title="Holmes County, Florida">Holmes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_River_County,_Florida" title="Indian River County, Florida">Indian River</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jackson_County,_Florida" title="Jackson County, Florida">Jackson</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Florida" title="Jefferson County, Florida">Jefferson</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lafayette_County,_Florida" title="Lafayette County, Florida">Lafayette</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lake_County,_Florida" title="Lake County, Florida">Lake</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lee_County,_Florida" title="Lee County, Florida">Lee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leon_County,_Florida" title="Leon County, Florida">Leon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Levy_County,_Florida" title="Levy County, Florida">Levy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Liberty_County,_Florida" title="Liberty County, Florida">Liberty</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Madison_County,_Florida" title="Madison County, Florida">Madison</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manatee_County,_Florida" title="Manatee County, Florida">Manatee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marion_County,_Florida" title="Marion County, Florida">Marion</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Martin_County,_Florida" title="Martin County, Florida">Martin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Miami-Dade County, Florida">Miami‑Dade</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Monroe_County,_Florida" title="Monroe County, Florida">Monroe</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mosquito_County,_Florida" title="Mosquito County, Florida">Mosquito</a> (former county)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nassau_County,_Florida" title="Nassau County, Florida">Nassau</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Okaloosa_County,_Florida" title="Okaloosa County, Florida">Okaloosa</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Okeechobee_County,_Florida" title="Okeechobee County, Florida">Okeechobee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Orange_County,_Florida" title="Orange County, Florida">Orange</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Osceola_County,_Florida" title="Osceola County, Florida">Osceola</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Beach_County,_Florida" title="Palm Beach County, Florida">Palm Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pasco_County,_Florida" title="Pasco County, Florida">Pasco</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pinellas_County,_Florida" title="Pinellas County, Florida">Pinellas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Polk_County,_Florida" title="Polk County, Florida">Polk</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Putnam_County,_Florida" title="Putnam County, Florida">Putnam</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Santa_Rosa_County,_Florida" title="Santa Rosa County, Florida">Santa Rosa</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sarasota_County,_Florida" title="Sarasota County, Florida">Sarasota</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seminole_County,_Florida" title="Seminole County, Florida">Seminole</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Johns_County,_Florida" title="St. Johns County, Florida">St. Johns</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Lucie_County,_Florida" title="St. Lucie County, Florida">St. Lucie</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sumter_County,_Florida" title="Sumter County, Florida">Sumter</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Suwannee_County,_Florida" title="Suwannee County, Florida">Suwannee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taylor_County,_Florida" title="Taylor County, Florida">Taylor</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Union_County,_Florida" title="Union County, Florida">Union</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Volusia_County,_Florida" title="Volusia County, Florida">Volusia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wakulla_County,_Florida" title="Wakulla County, Florida">Wakulla</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walton_County,_Florida" title="Walton County, Florida">Walton</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Washington_County,_Florida" title="Washington County, Florida">Washington</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Flag_of_Florida.svg" class="image"><img alt="Flag of Florida.svg" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/32px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/48px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/64px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:Florida" title="Portal:Florida">Florida portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_100_most_populous_metropolitan_statistical_areas_of_the_United_States_of_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:USLargestMetros" title="Template:USLargestMetros"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:USLargestMetros" title="Template talk:USLargestMetros"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:USLargestMetros&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_100_most_populous_metropolitan_statistical_areas_of_the_United_States_of_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The 100 most populous <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">metropolitan statistical areas</a> of the United States of America</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;padding-left:3px;;;;width:25%;"><div>
<ol>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York, New York</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Greater Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago, Illinois</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Houston" title="Greater Houston">Houston, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_metropolitan_area" title="Miami metropolitan area">Miami, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">Washington, D.C.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Delaware_Valley" title="Delaware Valley">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atlanta_metropolitan_area" title="Atlanta metropolitan area">Atlanta, Georgia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phoenix_metropolitan_area" title="Phoenix metropolitan area">Phoenix, Arizona</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Boston, Massachusetts</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco–Oakland, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Inland_Empire" title="Inland Empire">Riverside–San Bernardino, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metro_Detroit" title="Metro Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seattle_metropolitan_area" title="Seattle metropolitan area">Seattle, Washington</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul">Minneapolis–St. Paul, Minnesota</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/San_Diego_County,_California" title="San Diego County, California">San Diego, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tampa_Bay_area" title="Tampa Bay area">Tampa, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Denver_metropolitan_area" title="Denver metropolitan area">Denver, Colorado</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Orlando" title="Greater Orlando">Orlando, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charlotte_metropolitan_area" title="Charlotte metropolitan area">Charlotte, North Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_San_Antonio" title="Greater San Antonio">San Antonio, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_St._Louis" title="Greater St. Louis">St. Louis, Missouri</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Baltimore_metropolitan_area" title="Baltimore metropolitan area">Baltimore, Maryland</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portland_metropolitan_area,_Oregon" title="Portland metropolitan area, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a></li>
</ol>
</div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:3px;;;;width:25%;"><div>
<ol start="26">
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sacramento_metropolitan_area" title="Sacramento metropolitan area">Sacramento, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Austin" title="Greater Austin">Austin, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Pittsburgh" title="Greater Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cincinnati_metropolitan_area" title="Cincinnati metropolitan area">Cincinnati, Ohio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kansas_City_metropolitan_area" title="Kansas City metropolitan area">Kansas City, Missouri/Kansas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Columbus_metropolitan_area,_Ohio" title="Columbus metropolitan area, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indianapolis_metropolitan_area" title="Indianapolis metropolitan area">Indianapolis, Indiana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Cleveland" title="Greater Cleveland">Cleveland, Ohio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/San_Juan%E2%80%93Caguas%E2%80%93Guaynabo_metropolitan_area" title="San Juan–Caguas–Guaynabo metropolitan area">San Juan, Puerto Rico</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Santa_Clara_County,_California#Economy" title="Santa Clara County, California">San Jose, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nashville_metropolitan_area" title="Nashville metropolitan area">Nashville, Tennessee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jacksonville_metropolitan_area,_Florida" title="Jacksonville metropolitan area, Florida">Jacksonville, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oklahoma_City_metropolitan_area" title="Oklahoma City metropolitan area">Oklahoma City, Oklahoma</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Research_Triangle" title="Research Triangle">Raleigh, North Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hampton_Roads" title="Hampton Roads">Virginia Beach–Norfolk, Virginia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Memphis_metropolitan_area" title="Memphis metropolitan area">Memphis, Tennessee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Providence_metropolitan_area" title="Providence metropolitan area">Providence, Rhode Island</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Milwaukee_metropolitan_area" title="Milwaukee metropolitan area">Milwaukee, Wisconsin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Richmond_Region" title="Greater Richmond Region">Richmond, Virginia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Louisville metropolitan area">Louisville, Kentucky</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Orleans_metropolitan_area" title="New Orleans metropolitan area">New Orleans, Louisiana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Salt_Lake_City_metropolitan_area" title="Salt Lake City metropolitan area">Salt Lake City, Utah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Hartford" title="Greater Hartford">Hartford, Connecticut</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buffalo%E2%80%93Niagara_Falls_metropolitan_area" title="Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area">Buffalo, New York</a></li>
</ol>
</div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:3px;;;;width:25%;"><div>
<ol start="51">
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Birmingham_metropolitan_area,_Alabama" title="Birmingham metropolitan area, Alabama">Birmingham, Alabama</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grand_Rapids_metropolitan_area" title="Grand Rapids metropolitan area">Grand Rapids, Michigan</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rochester_metropolitan_area,_New_York" title="Rochester metropolitan area, New York">Rochester, New York</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pima_County,_Arizona" title="Pima County, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metropolitan_Fresno" title="Metropolitan Fresno">Fresno, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tulsa_metropolitan_area" title="Tulsa metropolitan area">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Honolulu_County,_Hawaii#Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" title="Honolulu County, Hawaii">Honolulu, Hawaii</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Omaha%E2%80%93Council_Bluffs_metropolitan_area" title="Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area">Omaha, Nebraska</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Worcester, Massachusetts</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_Bridgeport" title="Greater Bridgeport">Bridgeport, Connecticut</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Upstate_South_Carolina" title="Upstate South Carolina">Greenville, South Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Albuquerque_metropolitan_area" title="Albuquerque metropolitan area">Albuquerque, New Mexico</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kern_County,_California#Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Kern County, California">Bakersfield, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Capital_District,_New_York" title="Capital District, New York">Albany, New York</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Knoxville_metropolitan_area" title="Knoxville metropolitan area">Knoxville, Tennessee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/McAllen%E2%80%93Edinburg%E2%80%93Mission_metropolitan_area" title="McAllen–Edinburg–Mission metropolitan area">McAllen, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ventura_County,_California#Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" title="Ventura County, California">Oxnard, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Paso_metropolitan_area" title="El Paso metropolitan area">El Paso, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sarasota_metropolitan_area" title="Sarasota metropolitan area">North Port, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Baton_Rouge_metropolitan_area" title="Baton Rouge metropolitan area">Baton Rouge, Louisiana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_New_Haven" title="Greater New Haven">New Haven, Connecticut</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Columbia_metropolitan_area,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia metropolitan area, South Carolina">Columbia, South Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lehigh_Valley" title="Lehigh Valley">Allentown–Bethlehem, Pennsylvania</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dayton_metropolitan_area" title="Dayton metropolitan area">Dayton, Ohio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charleston_metropolitan_area,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston metropolitan area, South Carolina">Charleston, South Carolina</a></li>
</ol>
</div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:3px;;;;width:25%;"><div>
<ol start="76">
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piedmont_Triad" title="Piedmont Triad">Greensboro, North Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lee_County,_Florida" title="Lee County, Florida">Cape Coral, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/San_Joaquin_County,_California#Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="San Joaquin County, California">Stockton, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boise_metropolitan_area" title="Boise metropolitan area">Boise, Idaho</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Colorado_Springs_metropolitan_area" title="Colorado Springs metropolitan area">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_Arkansas" title="Central Arkansas">Little Rock, Arkansas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Polk_County,_Florida#Communities" title="Polk County, Florida">Lakeland, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Akron_metropolitan_area" title="Akron metropolitan area">Akron, Ohio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piedmont_Triad" title="Piedmont Triad">Winston-Salem, North Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deltona%E2%80%93Daytona_Beach%E2%80%93Ormond_Beach,_Florida_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" title="Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area">Deltona, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Research_Triangle" title="Research Triangle">Durham, North Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toledo_metropolitan_area" title="Toledo metropolitan area">Toledo, Ohio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Des_Moines_metropolitan_area" title="Des Moines metropolitan area">Des Moines, Iowa</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Springfield_metropolitan_area,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield metropolitan area, Massachusetts">Springfield, Massachusetts</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ogden%E2%80%93Clearfield_metropolitan_area" title="Ogden–Clearfield metropolitan area">Ogden, Utah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brevard_County,_Florida#Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" title="Brevard County, Florida">Palm Bay, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Poughkeepsie%E2%80%93Newburgh%E2%80%93Middletown_metropolitan_area" title="Poughkeepsie–Newburgh–Middletown metropolitan area">Poughkeepsie–Newburgh, New York</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Madison_metropolitan_area,_Wisconsin" title="Madison metropolitan area, Wisconsin">Madison, Wisconsin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Syracuse_metropolitan_area" title="Syracuse metropolitan area">Syracuse, New York</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Provo%E2%80%93Orem_metropolitan_area" title="Provo–Orem metropolitan area">Provo, Utah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Augusta_metropolitan_area" title="Augusta metropolitan area">Augusta, Georgia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wichita_metropolitan_area,_Kansas" title="Wichita metropolitan area, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jackson_metropolitan_area,_Mississippi" title="Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi">Jackson, Mississippi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Harrisburg%E2%80%93Carlisle_metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Harrisburg–Carlisle metropolitan statistical area">Harrisburg, Pennsylvania</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spokane_metropolitan_area" title="Spokane metropolitan area">Spokane, Washington</a></li>
</ol>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_statistical_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of metropolitan statistical areas">population estimates for July 1, 2019</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mayors_of_cities_with_populations_exceeding_100,000_in_Florida" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Florida_cities_and_mayors_of_100,000_population" title="Template:Florida cities and mayors of 100,000 population"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Florida_cities_and_mayors_of_100,000_population" title="Template talk:Florida cities and mayors of 100,000 population"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Florida_cities_and_mayors_of_100,000_population&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mayors_of_cities_with_populations_exceeding_100,000_in_Florida" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mayors of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">cities with populations exceeding 100,000</a> in Florida</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r998391716"/><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;">
<ol><li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lenny_Curry" title="Lenny Curry">Lenny Curry</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Francis_X._Suarez" title="Francis X. Suarez">Francis Suarez</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</b><br />(<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miami</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jane_Castor" title="Jane Castor">Jane Castor</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buddy_Dyer" title="Buddy Dyer">Buddy Dyer</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ken_Welch" title="Ken Welch">Ken Welch</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carlos_Hern%C3%A1ndez_(politician)" title="Carlos Hernández (politician)">Carlos Hernández</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Gregory_J._Oravec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregory J. Oravec (page does not exist)">Gregory J. Oravec</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Port_St._Lucie,_Florida" title="Port St. Lucie, Florida">Port St. Lucie</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Joe_Coviello&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joe Coviello (page does not exist)">Joe Coviello</a></b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cape_Coral,_Florida" title="Cape Coral, Florida">Cape Coral</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_E._Dailey" title="John E. Dailey">John Dailey</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dean_Trantalis" title="Dean Trantalis">Dean Trantalis</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Frank_C._Ortis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank C. Ortis (page does not exist)">Frank C. Ortis</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pembroke_Pines,_Florida" title="Pembroke Pines, Florida">Pembroke Pines</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Josh_Levy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josh Levy (page does not exist)">Josh Levy</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hollywood,_Florida" title="Hollywood, Florida">Hollywood</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wayne_Messam" title="Wayne Messam">Wayne Messam</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miramar,_Florida" title="Miramar, Florida">Miramar</a>)</li>
<li><b>Scott J. Brook </b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Coral_Springs,_Florida" title="Coral Springs, Florida">Coral Springs</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lauren_Poe" title="Lauren Poe">Lauren Poe</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gainesville,_Florida" title="Gainesville, Florida">Gainesville</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frank_Hibbard" title="Frank Hibbard">Frank Hibbard</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Clearwater,_Florida" title="Clearwater, Florida">Clearwater</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Guillermo_%22William%22_Capote&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guillermo "William" Capote (page does not exist)">Guillermo "William" Capote</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palm_Bay,_Florida" title="Palm Bay, Florida">Palm Bay</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Keith_James_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keith James (politician) (page does not exist)">Keith James</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Palm_Beach,_Florida" title="West Palm Beach, Florida">West Palm Beach</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Howard_Wiggs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Howard Wiggs (page does not exist)">Howard Wiggs</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lakeland,_Florida" title="Lakeland, Florida">Lakeland</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Rex_Hardin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rex Hardin (page does not exist)">Rex Hardin</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pompano_Beach,_Florida" title="Pompano Beach, Florida">Pompano Beach</a>)</li>
<li><b><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Gilbert_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oliver Gilbert III (page does not exist)">Oliver Gilbert III</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Gardens,_Florida" title="Miami Gardens, Florida">Miami Gardens</a>)</li>
<li><b>Judy Paul (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Davie,_Florida" title="Davie, Florida">Davie</a>)</li>
<li><b>Scott Singer (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</b><br />(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boca_Raton,_Florida" title="Boca Raton, Florida">Boca Raton</a>)</li></ol>
</div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/60px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="40" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/90px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/120px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States_of_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:USPopulousCities" title="Template talk:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:USPopulousCities&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States_of_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">100 most populous cities</a> of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;;;;width:25%;"><div>
<ol>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York, New York</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago, Illinois</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis, Indiana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle, Washington</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver, Colorado</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City, Oklahoma</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, Massachusetts</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a></li>
</ol>
</div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;;;;width:25%;"><div>
<ol start="26">
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis, Tennessee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore, Maryland</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee, Wisconsin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque, New Mexico</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa, Arizona</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atlanta,_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta, Georgia">Atlanta, Georgia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh, North Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach, Virginia</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miami, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis, Minnesota</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington, Texas</a></li>
</ol>
</div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;;;;width:25%;"><div>
<ol start="51">
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aurora,_Colorado" title="Aurora, Colorado">Aurora, Colorado</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans, Louisiana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland, Ohio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu, Hawaii</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Henderson,_Nevada" title="Henderson, Nevada">Henderson, Nevada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark, New Jersey</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Santa_Ana,_California" title="Santa Ana, California">Santa Ana, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati, Ohio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis, Missouri</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greensboro,_North_Carolina" title="Greensboro, North Carolina">Greensboro, North Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City, New Jersey</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage, Alaska</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, Nebraska</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Durham,_North_Carolina" title="Durham, North Carolina">Durham, North Carolina</a></li>
</ol>
</div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;;;;width:25%;"><div>
<ol start="76">
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chandler,_Arizona" title="Chandler, Arizona">Chandler, Arizona</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chula_Vista,_California" title="Chula Vista, California">Chula Vista, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo, Ohio</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison, Wisconsin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gilbert,_Arizona" title="Gilbert, Arizona">Gilbert, Arizona</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reno,_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno, Nevada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">Fort Wayne, Indiana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Las_Vegas,_Nevada" title="North Las Vegas, Nevada">North Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg, Florida</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem, North Carolina</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chesapeake,_Virginia" title="Chesapeake, Virginia">Chesapeake, Virginia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Glendale,_Arizona" title="Glendale, Arizona">Glendale, Arizona</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland, Texas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale, Arizona</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk, Virginia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise, Idaho</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fremont,_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane, Washington</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Santa_Clarita,_California" title="Santa Clarita, California">Santa Clarita, California</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge, Louisiana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a></li>
</ol>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 United States census</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County_seats_of_Florida" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Florida_county_seats" title="Template:Florida county seats"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Florida_county_seats&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Florida county seats (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Florida_county_seats&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Florida" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/County_seats" class="mw-redirect" title="County seats">County seats</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apalachicola,_Florida" title="Apalachicola, Florida">Apalachicola</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arcadia,_Florida" title="Arcadia, Florida">Arcadia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bartow,_Florida" title="Bartow, Florida">Bartow</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blountstown,_Florida" title="Blountstown, Florida">Blountstown</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bonifay,_Florida" title="Bonifay, Florida">Bonifay</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bradenton,_Florida" title="Bradenton, Florida">Bradenton</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bristol,_Florida" title="Bristol, Florida">Bristol</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bronson,_Florida" title="Bronson, Florida">Bronson</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brooksville,_Florida" title="Brooksville, Florida">Brooksville</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bunnell,_Florida" title="Bunnell, Florida">Bunnell</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bushnell,_Florida" title="Bushnell, Florida">Bushnell</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chipley,_Florida" title="Chipley, Florida">Chipley</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Clearwater,_Florida" title="Clearwater, Florida">Clearwater</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crawfordville,_Florida" title="Crawfordville, Florida">Crawfordville</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crestview,_Florida" title="Crestview, Florida">Crestview</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cross_City,_Florida" title="Cross City, Florida">Cross City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dade_City,_Florida" title="Dade City, Florida">Dade City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DeFuniak_Springs,_Florida" title="DeFuniak Springs, Florida">DeFuniak Springs</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DeLand,_Florida" title="DeLand, Florida">DeLand</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/East_Naples,_Florida" title="East Naples, Florida">East Naples</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fernandina_Beach,_Florida" title="Fernandina Beach, Florida">Fernandina Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Myers,_Florida" title="Fort Myers, Florida">Fort Myers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fort_Pierce,_Florida" title="Fort Pierce, Florida">Fort Pierce</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gainesville,_Florida" title="Gainesville, Florida">Gainesville</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Green_Cove_Springs,_Florida" title="Green Cove Springs, Florida">Green Cove Springs</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Inverness,_Florida" title="Inverness, Florida">Inverness</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jasper,_Florida" title="Jasper, Florida">Jasper</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Key_West,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Key West, Florida">Key West</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kissimmee,_Florida" title="Kissimmee, Florida">Kissimmee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/LaBelle,_Florida" title="LaBelle, Florida">LaBelle</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lake_Butler,_Union_County,_Florida" title="Lake Butler, Union County, Florida">Lake Butler</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lake_City,_Florida" title="Lake City, Florida">Lake City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Live_Oak,_Florida" title="Live Oak, Florida">Live Oak</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Macclenny,_Florida" title="Macclenny, Florida">Macclenny</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Madison,_Florida" title="Madison, Florida">Madison</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marianna,_Florida" title="Marianna, Florida">Marianna</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mayo,_Florida" title="Mayo, Florida">Mayo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami, Florida">Miami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Milton,_Florida" title="Milton, Florida">Milton</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Monticello,_Florida" title="Monticello, Florida">Monticello</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Moore_Haven,_Florida" title="Moore Haven, Florida">Moore Haven</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ocala,_Florida" title="Ocala, Florida">Ocala</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Okeechobee,_Florida" title="Okeechobee, Florida">Okeechobee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palatka,_Florida" title="Palatka, Florida">Palatka</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Panama_City,_Florida" title="Panama City, Florida">Panama City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pensacola,_Florida" title="Pensacola, Florida">Pensacola</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Perry,_Florida" title="Perry, Florida">Perry</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Port_St._Joe,_Florida" title="Port St. Joe, Florida">Port St. Joe</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Punta_Gorda,_Florida" title="Punta Gorda, Florida">Punta Gorda</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Quincy,_Florida" title="Quincy, Florida">Quincy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sanford,_Florida" title="Sanford, Florida">Sanford</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sarasota,_Florida" title="Sarasota, Florida">Sarasota</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sebring,_Florida" title="Sebring, Florida">Sebring</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Augustine,_Florida" title="St. Augustine, Florida">St. Augustine</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Starke,_Florida" title="Starke, Florida">Starke</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stuart,_Florida" title="Stuart, Florida">Stuart</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tavares,_Florida" title="Tavares, Florida">Tavares</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Titusville,_Florida" title="Titusville, Florida">Titusville</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trenton,_Florida" title="Trenton, Florida">Trenton</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vero_Beach,_Florida" title="Vero Beach, Florida">Vero Beach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wauchula,_Florida" title="Wauchula, Florida">Wauchula</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Palm_Beach,_Florida" title="West Palm Beach, Florida">West Palm Beach</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8652#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8652#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8652#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" class="noprint" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/VIAF_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (identifier)">VIAF</a>
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/153063179">1</a></span></li></ul></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no98026511/">WorldCat</a></span>
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n81063248/">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12334958b">France</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12334958b">(data)</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=66032">Ukraine</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4039108-5">Germany</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007564574005171">Israel</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n81063248">United States</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge189314&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MBAREA_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="MBAREA (identifier)">MusicBrainz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/4a9aeb42-3763-4234-8fb8-1167ac1dfdfe">area</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10046128">National Archives (US)</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1061077711">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:baseline;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:baseline;flex:0;margin:0 auto;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><div class="portal-bar-content"><div class="portal-bar-item"><span class="portal-bar-logo"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Flag_of_Florida.svg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/21px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/32px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/42px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><span class="portal-bar-link"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:Florida" title="Portal:Florida">Florida</a></span></div><div class="portal-bar-item"><span class="portal-bar-logo"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Terra.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/19px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/29px-Terra.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/38px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span class="portal-bar-link"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography</a></span></div><div class="portal-bar-item"><span class="portal-bar-logo"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><span class="portal-bar-link"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></span></div><div class="portal-bar-item"><span class="portal-bar-logo"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:North_America_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span><span class="portal-bar-link"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:North_America" title="Portal:North America">North America</a></span></div><div class="portal-bar-item"><span class="portal-bar-logo"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:COL-city_icon.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/19px-COL-city_icon.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/29px-COL-city_icon.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/38px-COL-city_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><span class="portal-bar-link"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:Cities" title="Portal:Cities">Cities</a></span></div></div></div></div>' |
