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'{{Short description|International service club}} {{Other uses}} {{Multiple issues|section=| {{primary sources|date=January 2019}} {{advert|date=September 2021}} {{Copypaste|date=September 2021}} }} {{Infobox organization | name = Kiwanis International | logo = Kiwanis seal and word mark.svg | type = [[Service club|Service]] | founded_date = January 21, 1915 | founders = Joseph C. Prance and Allen S. Browne | location = [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], United States | origins = [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]], United States | key_people = | area_served = Worldwide | focus = | method = [[Community service]] | revenue = US$20,723,000 (2006){{Update inline|date=August 2019}}<ref name="financial">{{cite web | url= http://www.kiwanis.org/lit/0506financial.pdf | title= Kiwanis International Financial Statement | publisher= Kiwanis International | date= April 2007 | access-date= May 2, 2007 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070705153751/http://www.kiwanis.org/lit/0506financial.pdf | archive-date= July 5, 2007 }}</ref> | endowment = US$15,792,322 (2019){{Update inline|date=August 2019}}<ref name="ezine">{{cite web | url= http://www.kiwanis.org/financial-statement | title= Campaign aims to grown endowment | work= Kiwanis Connected e-zine | date= July 2006 | access-date= May 2, 2007 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140812154228/http://www.kiwanis.org/magazine/0706fnaendow.asp | archive-date= August 12, 2014 }}</ref> | num_volunteers = | num_employees = 115<ref name="indylife">{{cite web | url= http://www.kiwanis.us/kiwanisus/indy/ | title= Indy Life | publisher= Kiwanis International | access-date= May 2, 2007 | url-status= live | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070517115427/http://www.kiwanis.us/kiwanisus/indy/ | archive-date= May 17, 2007 }}</ref> | num_members = 592,820 | owner = | motto = "Serving the Children of the World" (slogan) | homepage = [http://www.kiwanis.org/ www.kiwanis.org] }} '''Kiwanis International''' ({{IPAc-en|k|ɪ|ˈ|w|ɑː|n|ɪ|s}} {{Respell|ki|WAH|nis}}) is an international [[service club]] founded in 1915 in [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]]. It is headquartered in [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], United States, and is found in more than 80 nations and geographic areas. Since 1987, the organization has also accepted women as members. Membership in Kiwanis and its family of clubs is more than 600,000 members. Each year, Kiwanis clubs raise more than US$100 million and report more than 18.5 million volunteer hours to strengthen communities and serve children.<ref name="sites.kiwanis.org">{{cite web |url=http://sites.kiwanis.org/Kiwanis/Libraries/Documents/Just_the_Facts2012_PRESS_1.sflb.ashx |title=Just the Facts |access-date=2013-06-08 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104220123/http://sites.kiwanis.org/Kiwanis/Libraries/Documents/Just_the_Facts2012_PRESS_1.sflb.ashx |archive-date=2013-11-04 }}</ref> Kiwanis International is a volunteer-led organization headed by a Board of Trustees consisting of 19 members: 15 trustees, four elected officers, and an executive director. The trustees serve three-year terms, with five trustees elected each year. As set out in the bylaws, nine trustees are elected from the United States and Pacific Canada Region, one trustee is elected from the Canada and Caribbean Region, two trustees are elected from the European Region, two trustees are elected from the Asia-Pacific Region, and one trustee is elected "at large" from any region other than the United States and Pacific Canada. The sabah elected officers included (in order of progression): vice president, president-elect, president and immediate past president. These officers, along with the United States and Pacific Canada Region trustees, are elected at the annual convention of Kiwanis International. All trustees and officers are unpaid volunteers. The executive director is a full-time employee who is responsible for the organization's paid staff and serves as a non-voting member of the Board. There are seven regions in Kiwanis: Africa; Asia-Pacific; Canada and Caribbean; Europe; Latin America; Middle East; and the United States and Pacific Canada. The United States and Pacific Canada Region incorporates the 50 states of the United States as well as British Columbia and the Yukon Territory of Canada. There are fifty-three administrative areas called districts. District boards typically consist of a governor-elect, governor, immediate-past governor, secretary, treasurer, and several trustees or lieutenant governors. Districts are further divided into service areas called divisions, comprising 5 to 20 clubs and headed by a lieutenant governor. Clubs have boards consisting of a vice president (and/or president elect), president, immediate past president, secretary, treasurer, and typically about five directors. At both the district and club level, the secretary//treasurer may be combined by one person and may be a volunteer or a paid employee; all other positions are unpaid.<ref>The information in this section is laid out in {{cite web |url=https://www.kiwanis.org/docs/default-source/training/governance/kiwanis-international/kiwanis-international-bylaws.pdf?sfvrsn=c1b22cef_22 |title=Kiwanis International Bylaws |date=June 28, 2019 |access-date=22 August 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822090938/https://www.kiwanis.org/docs/default-source/training/governance/kiwanis-international/kiwanis-international-bylaws.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2019 }}</ref> == Etymology == The name “Kiwanis” was coined from the [[Ojibwe language]] expression derived from the word ''giiwanizi'' meaning to "fool around":<ref>Rhodes, Richard. 1993. "giiwnizid" in ''Eastern Ojibwa-Chippewa-Ottawa Dictionary''. {{ISBN|3-11-013749-6}}</ref> ''ningiiwaniz'', which is found in the Baraga Dictionary as "nin Kiwanis", meaning "I make noise; I am foolish and wanton" or "I play with noise".<ref>[[Frederic Baraga|Baraga, Frederic]] 1878 (reprint 1992). "Kiwanis" in ''A Dictionary of the Otchipwe Language'' (reprint as ''A Dictionary of the Ojibway Language''). {{ISBN|0-87351-281-2}}</ref> Although [[Random House Dictionary]] states that it comes from one of the [[Algonquian languages]] and means "to make oneself known",<ref>"Kiwanis" in ''The Random House Dictionary of the English Language''. {{ISBN|0-39450-050-4}}</ref> in Ojibwe and other related Algonquian languages, this expression would be ''gikendami'idizo''.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} Whatever the original meaning, the organization's founders translated it as "We Build", which became the original motto of Kiwanis. In 2005 the organization chose a new motto, "Serving the Children of the World".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://community.kiwanisone.org/media/p/38/download.aspx|title=History Bulletin on Kiwanis|work=Kiwanis International|access-date=15 November 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140113155853/http://community.kiwanisone.org/media/p/38/download.aspx|archive-date=13 January 2014}}</ref> Members of the club are called Kiwanians.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Beginning to present|url=https://www.kiwanis.org/about/history/beginning-to-present|access-date=2022-01-21|website=Default|language=en}}</ref> == Ideals == ===Defining statement=== "Kiwanis is a global organization of volunteers dedicated to improving the world, one child and one community at a time."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kiwanis.org/ |title=Kiwanis International |access-date=2003-12-11 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031215060322/http://kiwanis.org/ |archive-date=2003-12-15 }}, the word "changing" was changed to "improving" in January 2014</ref> ===Motto=== Kiwanis' motto is "Serving the Children of the World." The original motto was "We Trade". A new motto of "We Build" was adopted during the 1920 International Convention and represented Kiwanis for more than 80 years.<ref>{{cite web |title=Delegates update motto, OK tax-status change |url=http://kiwanis.org/news/article.asp?id=248 |website=Kiwanis International |access-date=June 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051118182740/http://kiwanis.org/news/article.asp?id=248 |archive-date=2005-11-18 |date=July 6, 2005 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://www.kiwanis.org/about/history |website=Kiwanis International |access-date=June 11, 2020}}</ref><!-- previous citation: https://web.archive.org/web/20140508024913/http://www.kiwanis.org/docs/default-source/club-administration/club-bylaws/governance-kiwanis-international-bylaws--> ===Objectives=== The six permanent Objectives of Kiwanis International were approved by Kiwanis club delegates at the 1924 Convention in Denver, Colorado.<ref name="objects">{{cite web | url=http://www.kiwanis.org/WhoWeAre/ObjectsofKiwanis/tabid/129/Default.aspx | title=Objects of Kiwanis | work=Kiwanis International | access-date=February 15, 2010 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100216233643/http://www.kiwanis.org/WhoWeAre/ObjectsofKiwanis/tabid/129/Default.aspx | archive-date=February 16, 2010 }}</ref> * To give primacy to the human and spiritual rather than to the material values of life. * To encourage the daily living of the [[Golden Rule]] in all human relationships. * To promote the adoption and the application of higher social, business, and professional standards. * To develop, by precept and example a more intelligent, aggressive, and serviceable citizenship. * To provide, through Kiwanis clubs, a practical means to form enduring friendships, render altruistic service, and to build better communities. * To cooperate in creating and maintaining that sound public opinion and high idealism which make possible the increase of righteousness, justice, patriotism, and goodwill.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sites.kiwanis.org/Kiwanis/en/discover/ourvalues.aspx|title=Kiwanis International|website=sites.kiwanis.org|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928123136/http://sites.kiwanis.org/Kiwanis/en/discover/ourvalues.aspx|archive-date=2013-09-28}}</ref> ==History== The organization originated in August 1914 in [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]] from a conversation between [[Allen S. Browne]] and [[Joseph G. Prance]]. Browne's idea was to solicit business and professional men asking them if they would be interested in organizing a fraternal organization with a health benefit feature. Browne has Build five dollars per new member that joined for his operating budget. Browne and Prance set out and recruited enough members to apply to the state for a not for profit status. The state approved the application on January 21, 1915 and the '''Supreme Lodge Benevolent Order''' Brothers were formed. The name was changed to Kiwanis a year later. The Kiwanis Club of Detroit is the original local club in Kiwanis.<ref name="thekiwanislegacy">{{cite book | last=Jonak |first=Chuck | title=The Kiwanis Legacy | publisher=Kiwanis International |date=December 2004 | location=Indianapolis, Indiana | pages=13–16}}</ref> By 1927 the organization had more than 100,000 members.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=A54hAAAAIBAJ&pg=3613,1262129&dq=kiwanis-international&hl=en|title=Reading Eagle - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com}}</ref> Kiwanis became international with the organization of the Kiwanis Club of [[Hamilton, Ontario]], Canada, in 1916. Kiwanis limited its membership to the United States and Canada until 1962, when worldwide expansion was approved. Since then, Kiwanis has spread to all inhabited continents of the globe.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ulib.iupui.edu/special/kiwanis|title=Kiwanis International Records, 1914-2015 - University Library|website=www.ulib.iupui.edu|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220010217/http://www.ulib.iupui.edu/special/kiwanis|archive-date=2015-02-20}}</ref> The original purpose of Kiwanis was to exchange business between members and to serve the poor. The debate as to whether to focus on networking or service was resolved in 1919, when Kiwanis adopted a service-focused mission. In 1924, the Objects of Kiwanis were adopted (see above) and remain unchanged today. Each year, clubs sponsor nearly 150,000 service projects, complete more than 18.5 million hours in volunteer service and raise more than $100 million. As a global project in coordination with UNICEF, members and clubs contributed more than $80 million toward the global elimination of [[iodine deficiency]] disorders (IDD), the leading preventable cause of mental retardation. Beginning in 2010 Kiwanis International joined with [[UNICEF]] to launch a new worldwide health initiative, The Eliminate Project, dedicated to wiping out maternal and neonatal [[tetanus]] (MNT), which kills more than 100,000 babies worldwide each year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/immunization/topics/tetanus/en/index.html|title=WHO - Tetanus|website=www.who.int|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201190942/http://www.who.int/immunization/topics/tetanus/en/index.html|archive-date=2014-02-01}}</ref><ref name="theeliminateproject.org|title=The">{{cite web|url=http://www.theeliminateproject.org|title=The Eliminate Project - Kiwanis Eliminating Maternal/Neonatal Tetanus|website=www.theeliminateproject.org}}</ref> [[File:Martha Roby - Ozark Kiwanis Club - 2019.jpg|thumb|US Representative [[Martha Roby]] (center) with Kiwanis members in Ozark, Alabama]] Until 1987 the organization accepted only men as members. By action of the International Convention in 1987, the rules were changed to admit women as well.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=IGcaAAAAIBAJ&pg=6924,5809425&dq=kiwanis-international&hl=en|title=The Milwaukee Journal - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com}}</ref> Women constitute about 26% of total members.<ref name="sites.kiwanis.org"/> At the 2013 International Convention, Sue Petrisin was elected as the organization's first female international vice president. Petrisin was installed as Kiwanis International President in 2015, the year of the organization's 100th anniversary.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kiwanis.org/docs/default-source/marketing-and-pr/ki-news-releases/2013-14-board-news-release.pdf?sfvrsn=2|title=First President from Austria, First Female Vice President to Lead Kiwanis during 2013-14 Year|date=October 1, 2013|website=www.kiwanis.org|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508031025/http://www.kiwanis.org/docs/default-source/marketing-and-pr/ki-news-releases/2013-14-board-news-release.pdf?sfvrsn=2|archive-date=2014-05-08}}</ref> She is the first woman to lead any major member service organization. ==Service== Kiwanis clubs decide for themselves what projects to do in their community, based on their own community's needs and their members' interests. Service to children is a primary focus in Kiwanis. Clubs are encouraged to conduct a community survey each year to determine what unmet needs exist in their community. In some cases, clubs in a geographic region (a "Division" or "District") may take on a project of shared interest, such as paediatric trauma,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.floatinghospital.org/Patient-Care-Services/Departments-and-Services/Kiwanis-Pediatric-Trauma-Institute/Overview.aspx|title=Boston Kiwanis Pediatric Trauma Institute - Floating Hospital for Children|website=www.floatinghospital.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221123049/https://www.floatinghospital.org/Patient-Care-Services/Departments-and-Services/Kiwanis-Pediatric-Trauma-Institute/Overview.aspx|archive-date=2015-02-21}}</ref> or children's cancer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kiwanis-kccp.org/|title=Kiwanis Children's Cancer Program|website=www.kiwanis-kccp.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044208/http://www.kiwanis-kccp.org/|archive-date=2014-08-08}}</ref> Service may be provided directly (e.g. reading to children at the library or taking therapy dogs into seniors' facilities) or through raising funds in the community to meet a community need (such as building a playground). Common fund-raising events include breakfast such as [[pancake feed]]s, peanut sales, or food concessions. Areas of service may include assistance to those living in poverty, projects those benefit children and youth, and services for the sick or elderly.<ref name="definingstatement">{{Cite web| url=http://www.kiwanis.org/WhoWeAre/WhatisaKiwanian/tabid/297/Default.aspx| title=What is a Kiwanian?| publisher=Kiwanis International| access-date=2007-09-07| url-status=live| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070830124726/http://www.kiwanis.org/WhoWeAre/WhatisaKiwanian/tabid/297/Default.aspx| archive-date=2007-08-30}}</ref> As a global project in coordination with [[UNICEF]], members and clubs contributed more than $80 million toward the global elimination of [[iodine deficiency]] disorders (IDD), the leading preventable cause of [[intellectual disability]]. Beginning in 2010 Kiwanis International once again joined with [[UNICEF]] to launch a new worldwide health initiative,<ref name="theeliminateproject.org|title=The"/> dedicated to wiping out maternal and [[neonatal tetanus]] (MNT), which kills more than 50,000 babies and a significant number of women each year.<ref>[http://www.unicef.org/health/index_43509.html Elimination of Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221230401/http://www.unicef.org/health/index_43509.html |date=2014-02-21 }} ''[[UNICEF]]'' Retrieved March 27, 2017</ref> The clubs are known for the "Kiwanis doll". Kiwanis dolls are simple white fabric dolls which is distributed to children and allows the children to color them in to represent themselves or someone else.<ref>[http://www.kiwanis.org/kiwanis/stories/headlines/kiwanis/2015/09/14/dolls-on-parade Dolls on Parade April 14, 2015] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327172653/http://www.kiwanis.org/kiwanis/stories/headlines/kiwanis/2015/09/14/dolls-on-parade |date=March 27, 2017 }} Retrieved March 27, 2017</ref><ref>[http://www.kiwanis-poupee.be/therap_en.php?lg=en The Kiwanis Doll] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512043550/http://kiwanis-poupee.be/therap_en.php?lg=en |date=2016-05-12 }} Retrieved March 17, 2017</ref> In 2007, the charitable financial arm, Kiwanis International Foundation, was awarded the top rating by an independent evaluator.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm/bay/search.summary/orgid/3972/print/1.htm|title=Kiwanis International Foundation: Assisting Kiwanis International to serve the children of the world|publisher=charitynavigator.org|access-date=2008-05-09|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051231022429/http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm/bay/search.summary/orgid/3972/print/1.htm|archive-date=2005-12-31}}</ref> ==Kiwanis family== Kiwanis provides leadership and service opportunities for youth through its Service Leadership Programs. Aktion Club, [[Key Club]], [[Circle K (Kiwanis)|Circle K]], Builders Club and K-Kids are part of Kiwanis Service Leadership Programs. They are sponsored by a local Kiwanis club and receive funding and leadership guidance from Kiwanis.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kiwanis.org/kiwanisone/youth-students-special-programs/what-s-service-leadership-|title=What is service leadership|website=www.kiwanis.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214104209/http://www.kiwanis.org/kiwanisone/youth-students-special-programs/what-s-service-leadership-|archive-date=2017-02-14}}</ref> ===Key Club=== Kiwanis founded and supports [[Key Club|Key Club International]]. Started in [[Sacramento, California]] in 1925, Key Club is the oldest and largest service program for high school students in the world. As of 2010, Key Club has 250,000 members in 5,000 clubs in 30 nations,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://slp.kiwanis.org/KeyClub/home.aspx|title=Key Club International website|website=kiwanis.org|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091124143432/http://slp.kiwanis.org/KeyClub/home.aspx|archive-date=2009-11-24}}</ref> primarily in the United States and Canada, but with clubs also in Central and South America, Caribbean nations, Asia, and Australia. KIWIN'S (pronounced "kee-wins"), a high school program exclusive to the California-Nevada-Hawaii district, operates under the umbrella of Key Club but elects its own officers.<!---Yes, the spelling of KIWIN'S in all capitals with an apostrophe is correct. See the FAQ at [www.kiwins.org] --> ===Circle K=== The collegiate version of Kiwanis, which maintains some autonomy from Kiwanis, is [[Circle K International]], also known as CKI. The first official Circle K club was chartered in September, 1947 at the campus of [[Carthage College]] (then in Illinois). As of 2010, Circle K membership is 12,600 members in 500 clubs in 17 countries, making Circle K the largest collegiate service organization of its kind in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://slp.kiwanis.org/CircleK/aboutus.aspx|title=Circle K International website|website=kiwanis.org|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091105200523/http://slp.kiwanis.org/CircleK/aboutus.aspx|archive-date=2009-11-05}}</ref> ===K-Kids, Builders Club, Aktion Club, Kiwanis Junior=== K-Kids is intended for grades 4-5 in elementary school, and has a membership of 33,000 in 1,100 clubs in 8 nations. Builders Club (middle school) has 42,000 members in 1,400 clubs in 12 nations. Aktion Club (for people who have disabilities) has 8,400 members in 400 clubs in 7 nations. These programs are all led by adult advisors (Kiwanians or faculty members), whereas Key Club and Circle K elect their own club, district, and International officers each year to lead the organization. Kiwanis Junior is part of the European Service Leadership Program, with clubs in [[Austria]], Germany, the [[Netherlands]], [[Belgium]] and [[Italy]], and is typically for people ages 18–35.<ref name="Kiwanisjunior">{{cite web|url=http://www.kiwanisnet.net/52.0.html|title=Kiwanis Junior|website=kiwanisnet.net|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314015904/http://www.kiwanisnet.net/52.0.html|archive-date=2007-03-14|access-date=2007-03-14}}</ref><ref name="Kj-Italia">{{cite web|url=http://www.kiwanisjunior.it|title=Kiwanis Junior Distretto Italia|website=kiwanisjunior.it|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070415145415/http://www.kiwanisjunior.it/|archive-date=2007-04-15}}</ref> ===Kiwaniannes=== Before 1987, women's [[auxiliary (fraternal orders)|auxiliary clubs]] known as Kiwaniannes also existed, made up of wives of members of the men-only Kiwanis clubs. With the changes that made it possible for women to join Kiwanis clubs, official sponsorship of the Kiwaniannes clubs ended. Some Kiwaniannes clubs merged with their affiliated Kiwanis club, while others converted into independent Kiwanis clubs. ==See also== * [[List of general fraternities|List of civic, fraternal, service, and professional organizations]] ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ==External links== * {{Official website|http://www.kiwanis.org}} * [https://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv08221/ Kiwanis Club of Walla Walla records at the Whitman College and Northwest Archives, Whitman College.] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Kiwanis| ]] [[Category:Organizations established in 1915]] [[Category:Service organizations based in the United States]] [[Category:Non-profit organizations based in Indianapolis]] [[Category:Clubs and societies in Canada]]'