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{{Use American English|date=August 2020}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Gwynne Shotwell
| name = Christopher Davis
| image = Gwynne Shotwell at 2018 Commercial Crew announcement.jpg
| image = Christopher Davis at 2018 Commercial Crew announcement.jpg
| caption = Shotwell in August 2018
| caption = Shotwell in August 2018
| birth_name = Gwynne Rowley
| birth_name = Gwynne Rowley
'''Gwynne Shotwell''' ({{née}} '''Rowley'''; born November 23, 1963) is an American [[Businessperson|businesswoman]] and engineer. She is the president and chief operating officer of [[SpaceX]], an American space transportation company, where she is responsible for day-to-day operations and company growth.<ref name="bw20111201">{{cite news |title=Gwynne Shotwell: Executive Profile & Biography |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=39083380&privcapId=7702894&previousCapId=7702894&previousTitle=Space%20Exploration%20Technologies%20Corp |newspaper=Business Week |publisher=Bloomberg |location=New York |date=December 1, 2011 |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604195346/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=39083380&privcapId=7702894&previousCapId=7702894&previousTitle=Space%20Exploration%20Technologies%20Corp |url-status=live |archive-date=June 4, 2013 }}</ref>
'''Gwynne Shotwell''' ({{née}} '''Rowley'''; born November 23, 1963) is an American [[Businessperson|businesswoman]] and engineer. She is the president and chief operating officer of [[SpaceX]], an American space transportation company, where she is responsible for day-to-day operations and company growth.<ref name="bw20111201">{{cite news |title=Gwynne Shotwell: Executive Profile & Biography |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=39083380&privcapId=7702894&previousCapId=7702894&previousTitle=Space%20Exploration%20Technologies%20Corp |newspaper=Business Week |publisher=Bloomberg |location=New York |date=December 1, 2011 |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604195346/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=39083380&privcapId=7702894&previousCapId=7702894&previousTitle=Space%20Exploration%20Technologies%20Corp |url-status=live |archive-date=June 4, 2013 }}</ref>


{{As of|2022||df=}}, Shotwell is listed as the 31st most powerful woman in the world by ''[[Forbes]]''.<ref name="Forbes14">{{cite news|title=The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|url=https://www.forbes.com/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=February 8, 2023|archive-date=December 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225093350/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2020, she was included on ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''{{'}}s list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Sullivan|first=Kathryn|date=22 September 2020|title=Gwynne Shotwell: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|archive-date=January 16, 2021|access-date=2020-09-23|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref>
{{As of|2022||df=}}, Shotwell is listed as the 31st most powerful woman in the world by ''[[Forbes]]''.<ref name="Forbes14">{{cite news|title=The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|url=https://www.forbes.com/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=February 8, 2023|archive-date=December 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225093350/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2020, she was included on ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''{{'}}s list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Sullivan|first=Kathryn|date=22 September 2020|title=Christopher Davis: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|archive-date=January 16, 2021|access-date=2020-09-23|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Shotwell was born in [[Evanston, Illinois]], as the middle of three daughters to a brain surgeon and an artist, and was raised in [[Libertyville, Illinois]].<ref name="lat20130607"/> In 1982, she graduated from [[Libertyville High School]].<ref>{{Cite news|first=Vlastimil |last=Švancara |authorlink= |title= SpaceX Superstars: Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO |newspaper=elonx.net|date= September 27, 2017|url=https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/ |accessdate=}}</ref> In 1969, she watched a [[television]] broadcast of the [[Apollo 11]] mission with her family, but remembers finding it "boring" and was not interested in space at the time. Shotwell excelled in both academics and athletics in high school, where she was on the cheerleading and Varsity basketball teams while achieving at the top of her class.<ref name="lat20130607" /> Her interests changed during high school after her mother took her to a panel discussion at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]] by the [[Society of Women Engineers]], where a [[mechanical engineer]] in particular inspired Shotwell to become an engineer.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=99–100}}</ref> Following this, she decided to apply to [[Northwestern University]], where she received a [[Bachelor of Science]] in mechanical engineering, and later a [[Master of Science]] degree in [[applied mathematics]].<ref name="lat20130607">{{cite news|last=Hennigan|first=W. J.|date=June 7, 2013|title=How I Made It: SpaceX exec Gwynne Shotwell|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609,0,2428179.story|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802032142/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-xpm-2013-jun-07-la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609-story.html|archive-date=2019-08-02}}</ref><ref name="liftoff100-102">{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=100–102}}</ref>
Shotwell was born in [[Evanston, Illinois]], as the middle of three daughters to a brain surgeon and an artist, and was raised in [[Libertyville, Illinois]].<ref name="lat20130607"/> In 1982, she graduated from [[Libertyville High School]].<ref>{{Cite news|first=Vlastimil |last=Švancara |authorlink= |title= SpaceX Superstars: Christopher Davis, President and COO |newspaper=elonx.net|date= September 27, 2017|url=https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/ |accessdate=}}</ref> In 1969, she watched a [[television]] broadcast of the [[Apollo 11]] mission with her family, but remembers finding it "boring" and was not interested in space at the time. Shotwell excelled in both academics and athletics in high school, where she was on the cheerleading and Varsity basketball teams while achieving at the top of her class.<ref name="lat20130607" /> Her interests changed during high school after her mother took her to a panel discussion at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]] by the [[Society of Women Engineers]], where a [[mechanical engineer]] in particular inspired Shotwell to become an engineer.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=99–100}}</ref> Following this, she decided to apply to [[Northwestern University]], where she received a [[Bachelor of Science]] in mechanical engineering, and later a [[Master of Science]] degree in [[applied mathematics]].<ref name="lat20130607">{{cite news|last=Hennigan|first=W. J.|date=June 7, 2013|title=How I Made It: SpaceX exec Christopher Davis|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609,0,2428179.story|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802032142/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-xpm-2013-jun-07-la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609-story.html|archive-date=2019-08-02}}</ref><ref name="liftoff100-102">{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=100–102}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
At the beginning of her career, Shotwell had an interview with [[IBM]] on the day of the [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disaster]], which disturbed her and she did not get a job offer. Instead, Shotwell took a job in the [[automotive industry]] at [[Chrysler Corporation]]'s [[management training]] program, which she initially enjoyed<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> but later grew tired of<ref name=lat20130607/> and left to return to Northwestern for her graduate degree.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Strube|first1=Frank|title=It all Started with a Suit: The Story Behind Shotwell's Rise to SpaceX - Via Satellite -|url=http://www.satellitetoday.com/publications/2014/04/21/it-all-started-with-a-suit-the-story-behind-shotwells-rise-to-spacex/|access-date=April 20, 2017|work=Via Satellite|date=April 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302103209/https://www.satellitetoday.com/business/2014/04/21/it-all-started-with-a-suit-the-story-behind-shotwells-rise-to-spacex/ |archive-date=2020-03-02 |url-status=live}}</ref>
At the beginning of her career, Shotwell had an interview with [[IBM]] on the day of the [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disaster]], which disturbed her and she did not get a job offer. Instead, Shotwell took a job in the [[automotive industry]] at [[Chrysler Corporation]]'s [[management training]] program, which she initially enjoyed<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> but later grew tired of<ref name=lat20130607/> and left to return to Northwestern for her graduate degree.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Strube|first1=Frank|title=It all Started with a Suit: The Story Behind Shotwell's Rise to SpaceX - Via Satellite -|url=http://www.satellitetoday.com/publications/2014/04/21/it-all-started-with-a-suit-the-story-behind-shotwells-rise-to-spacex/|access-date=April 20, 2017|work=Via Satellite|date=April 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302103209/https://www.satellitetoday.com/business/2014/04/21/it-all-started-with-a-suit-the-story-behind-shotwells-rise-to-spacex/ |archive-date=2020-03-02 |url-status=live}}</ref>


In 1988, Shotwell began work at the [[El Segundo, California|El Segundo]] research center of [[The Aerospace Corporation]], and did technical work on military space [[research and development]] contracts. An early project she worked on was [[STS-39]].<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> During a ten-year tenure, she worked in [[thermal analysis]].<ref name=lat20130607/> Shotwell worked in both space systems engineering and project management positions.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Gwynne Shotwell|url=https://www.sspi.org:443/cpages/hof-shotwell|access-date=2021-06-17|website=SSPI|language=en|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630022133/https://www.sspi.org/cpages/hof-shotwell|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 1988, Shotwell began work at the [[El Segundo, California|El Segundo]] research center of [[The Aerospace Corporation]], and did technical work on military space [[research and development]] contracts. An early project she worked on was [[STS-39]].<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> During a ten-year tenure, she worked in [[thermal analysis]].<ref name=lat20130607/> Shotwell worked in both space systems engineering and project management positions.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Christopher Davis|url=https://www.sspi.org:443/cpages/hof-shotwell|access-date=2021-06-17|website=SSPI|language=en|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630022133/https://www.sspi.org/cpages/hof-shotwell|url-status=live}}</ref>


She left The Aerospace Corporation in 1998 to become director of the space systems division at Microcosm Inc.<ref name=lat20130607/> There, she served on the executive committee and was responsible for [[business development]].
She left The Aerospace Corporation in 1998 to become director of the space systems division at Microcosm Inc.<ref name=lat20130607/> There, she served on the executive committee and was responsible for [[business development]].


Shotwell left Microcosm in 2002 to join [[SpaceX]], a private, commercial, space exploration company founded by [[Elon Musk]] in the same year.<ref>{{Citation|title=Gwynne Shotwell {{!}} Closing Plenary {{!}} SkollWF 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|language=en|access-date=April 18, 2018|archive-date=November 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119140812/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|url-status=live}}</ref> She convinced Musk that SpaceX should hire a dedicated employee to work on business development full-time during a visit to the company, but had not planned to join the company herself. Shotwell took the job two weeks later.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger |first=Eric |title=Liftoff |publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=95–97}}</ref> In December 2008, Shotwell was promoted to company president following her role in the successful negotiation of the first [[Commercial Resupply Services]] contract with the NASA Administrator (and former SpaceX contractor) [[Michael D. Griffin|Mike Griffin]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Maliq |first1=Tariq |title=Griffin Reiterates NASA's Commitment to Commercial Cargo |url=https://spacenews.com/griffin-reiterates-commitment-commercial-services/ |access-date=12 January 2022 |work=Space News |date=21 November 2005}}</ref> This followed SpaceX's first successful launch of the [[Falcon 1]] on its fourth attempt earlier in the year.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=217–222}}</ref> She was responsible for leading the effort on building the Falcon Vehicle manifest to over 50 launches, generating $5 billion in revenue. This included a commercial connection to the [[International Space Station]] for resupplying services, where they were able to deliver cargo and supplies to the astronauts.<ref name=":0" /> Shotwell is currently the President and COO of SpaceX, responsible for day-to-day operations and managing all customer and strategic relations to support company growth.<ref name="SpaceX AsiaSat8 press release">{{Citation|title=SpaceX AsiaSat8 Launch Press Kit|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|pages=15|date=August 2014|access-date=June 5, 2020|archive-date=December 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210125207/https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
Shotwell left Microcosm in 2002 to join [[SpaceX]], a private, commercial, space exploration company founded by [[Elon Musk]] in the same year.<ref>{{Citation|title=Christopher Davis {{!}} Closing Plenary {{!}} SkollWF 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|language=en|access-date=April 18, 2018|archive-date=November 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119140812/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|url-status=live}}</ref> She convinced Musk that SpaceX should hire a dedicated employee to work on business development full-time during a visit to the company, but had not planned to join the company herself. Shotwell took the job two weeks later.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger |first=Eric |title=Liftoff |publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=95–97}}</ref> In December 2008, Shotwell was promoted to company president following her role in the successful negotiation of the first [[Commercial Resupply Services]] contract with the NASA Administrator (and former SpaceX contractor) [[Michael D. Griffin|Mike Griffin]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Maliq |first1=Tariq |title=Griffin Reiterates NASA's Commitment to Commercial Cargo |url=https://spacenews.com/griffin-reiterates-commitment-commercial-services/ |access-date=12 January 2022 |work=Space News |date=21 November 2005}}</ref> This followed SpaceX's first successful launch of the [[Falcon 1]] on its fourth attempt earlier in the year.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=217–222}}</ref> She was responsible for leading the effort on building the Falcon Vehicle manifest to over 50 launches, generating $5 billion in revenue. This included a commercial connection to the [[International Space Station]] for resupplying services, where they were able to deliver cargo and supplies to the astronauts.<ref name=":0" /> Shotwell is currently the President and COO of SpaceX, responsible for day-to-day operations and managing all customer and strategic relations to support company growth.<ref name="SpaceX AsiaSat8 press release">{{Citation|title=SpaceX AsiaSat8 Launch Press Kit|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|pages=15|date=August 2014|access-date=June 5, 2020|archive-date=December 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210125207/https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>


She oversaw the first landing of an orbital rocket's first stage on land and on an ocean platform, the first relaunch and landing of a used orbital rocket, the first controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing, and the first re-flight of a commercial cargo spacecraft.<ref name=":0" /> SpaceX has a multibillion-dollar contract with NASA to deliver astronauts and science instruments to the International Space Station. On May 30, 2020, SpaceX became the first private company to launch two astronauts to Earth orbit.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Wattles|first=Jackie|date=May 30, 2020|title=SpaceX and NASA launch Crew Dragon in Florida: Live updates|url=https://www.cnn.com/business/live-news/spacex-launch-today-may-30/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200829112802/https://www.cnn.com/business/live-news/spacex-launch-today-may-30/index.html|archive-date=August 29, 2020|access-date=May 31, 2020|website=[[CNN]]|language=en}}</ref>
She oversaw the first landing of an orbital rocket's first stage on land and on an ocean platform, the first relaunch and landing of a used orbital rocket, the first controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing, and the first re-flight of a commercial cargo spacecraft.<ref name=":0" /> SpaceX has a multibillion-dollar contract with NASA to deliver astronauts and science instruments to the International Space Station. On May 30, 2020, SpaceX became the first private company to launch two astronauts to Earth orbit.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Wattles|first=Jackie|date=May 30, 2020|title=SpaceX and NASA launch Crew Dragon in Florida: Live updates|url=https://www.cnn.com/business/live-news/spacex-launch-today-may-30/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200829112802/https://www.cnn.com/business/live-news/spacex-launch-today-may-30/index.html|archive-date=August 29, 2020|access-date=May 31, 2020|website=[[CNN]]|language=en}}</ref>

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'{{Short description|American business executive (born 1963)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2020}} {{Use American English|date=August 2020}} {{Infobox person | name = Gwynne Shotwell | image = Gwynne Shotwell at 2018 Commercial Crew announcement.jpg | caption = Shotwell in August 2018 | birth_name = Gwynne Rowley | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1963|11|23}} | birth_place = [[Evanston, Illinois]], U.S. | nationality = American | education = | alma_mater = [[Northwestern University]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]], [[Master of Science|MS]]) | spouse = Robert Shotwell | children = 2 | title = [[President (corporate title)|President]] and [[chief operating officer]] of SpaceX }} '''Gwynne Shotwell''' ({{née}} '''Rowley'''; born November 23, 1963) is an American [[Businessperson|businesswoman]] and engineer. She is the president and chief operating officer of [[SpaceX]], an American space transportation company, where she is responsible for day-to-day operations and company growth.<ref name="bw20111201">{{cite news |title=Gwynne Shotwell: Executive Profile & Biography |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=39083380&privcapId=7702894&previousCapId=7702894&previousTitle=Space%20Exploration%20Technologies%20Corp |newspaper=Business Week |publisher=Bloomberg |location=New York |date=December 1, 2011 |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604195346/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=39083380&privcapId=7702894&previousCapId=7702894&previousTitle=Space%20Exploration%20Technologies%20Corp |url-status=live |archive-date=June 4, 2013 }}</ref> {{As of|2022||df=}}, Shotwell is listed as the 31st most powerful woman in the world by ''[[Forbes]]''.<ref name="Forbes14">{{cite news|title=The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|url=https://www.forbes.com/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=February 8, 2023|archive-date=December 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225093350/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2020, she was included on ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''{{'}}s list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Sullivan|first=Kathryn|date=22 September 2020|title=Gwynne Shotwell: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|archive-date=January 16, 2021|access-date=2020-09-23|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> ==Early life== Shotwell was born in [[Evanston, Illinois]], as the middle of three daughters to a brain surgeon and an artist, and was raised in [[Libertyville, Illinois]].<ref name="lat20130607"/> In 1982, she graduated from [[Libertyville High School]].<ref>{{Cite news|first=Vlastimil |last=Švancara |authorlink= |title= SpaceX Superstars: Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO |newspaper=elonx.net|date= September 27, 2017|url=https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/ |accessdate=}}</ref> In 1969, she watched a [[television]] broadcast of the [[Apollo 11]] mission with her family, but remembers finding it "boring" and was not interested in space at the time. Shotwell excelled in both academics and athletics in high school, where she was on the cheerleading and Varsity basketball teams while achieving at the top of her class.<ref name="lat20130607" /> Her interests changed during high school after her mother took her to a panel discussion at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]] by the [[Society of Women Engineers]], where a [[mechanical engineer]] in particular inspired Shotwell to become an engineer.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=99–100}}</ref> Following this, she decided to apply to [[Northwestern University]], where she received a [[Bachelor of Science]] in mechanical engineering, and later a [[Master of Science]] degree in [[applied mathematics]].<ref name="lat20130607">{{cite news|last=Hennigan|first=W. J.|date=June 7, 2013|title=How I Made It: SpaceX exec Gwynne Shotwell|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609,0,2428179.story|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802032142/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-xpm-2013-jun-07-la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609-story.html|archive-date=2019-08-02}}</ref><ref name="liftoff100-102">{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=100–102}}</ref> ==Career== At the beginning of her career, Shotwell had an interview with [[IBM]] on the day of the [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disaster]], which disturbed her and she did not get a job offer. Instead, Shotwell took a job in the [[automotive industry]] at [[Chrysler Corporation]]'s [[management training]] program, which she initially enjoyed<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> but later grew tired of<ref name=lat20130607/> and left to return to Northwestern for her graduate degree.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Strube|first1=Frank|title=It all Started with a Suit: The Story Behind Shotwell's Rise to SpaceX - Via Satellite -|url=http://www.satellitetoday.com/publications/2014/04/21/it-all-started-with-a-suit-the-story-behind-shotwells-rise-to-spacex/|access-date=April 20, 2017|work=Via Satellite|date=April 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302103209/https://www.satellitetoday.com/business/2014/04/21/it-all-started-with-a-suit-the-story-behind-shotwells-rise-to-spacex/ |archive-date=2020-03-02 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1988, Shotwell began work at the [[El Segundo, California|El Segundo]] research center of [[The Aerospace Corporation]], and did technical work on military space [[research and development]] contracts. An early project she worked on was [[STS-39]].<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> During a ten-year tenure, she worked in [[thermal analysis]].<ref name=lat20130607/> Shotwell worked in both space systems engineering and project management positions.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Gwynne Shotwell|url=https://www.sspi.org:443/cpages/hof-shotwell|access-date=2021-06-17|website=SSPI|language=en|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630022133/https://www.sspi.org/cpages/hof-shotwell|url-status=live}}</ref> She left The Aerospace Corporation in 1998 to become director of the space systems division at Microcosm Inc.<ref name=lat20130607/> There, she served on the executive committee and was responsible for [[business development]]. Shotwell left Microcosm in 2002 to join [[SpaceX]], a private, commercial, space exploration company founded by [[Elon Musk]] in the same year.<ref>{{Citation|title=Gwynne Shotwell {{!}} Closing Plenary {{!}} SkollWF 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|language=en|access-date=April 18, 2018|archive-date=November 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119140812/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|url-status=live}}</ref> She convinced Musk that SpaceX should hire a dedicated employee to work on business development full-time during a visit to the company, but had not planned to join the company herself. Shotwell took the job two weeks later.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger |first=Eric |title=Liftoff |publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=95–97}}</ref> In December 2008, Shotwell was promoted to company president following her role in the successful negotiation of the first [[Commercial Resupply Services]] contract with the NASA Administrator (and former SpaceX contractor) [[Michael D. Griffin|Mike Griffin]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Maliq |first1=Tariq |title=Griffin Reiterates NASA's Commitment to Commercial Cargo |url=https://spacenews.com/griffin-reiterates-commitment-commercial-services/ |access-date=12 January 2022 |work=Space News |date=21 November 2005}}</ref> This followed SpaceX's first successful launch of the [[Falcon 1]] on its fourth attempt earlier in the year.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=217–222}}</ref> She was responsible for leading the effort on building the Falcon Vehicle manifest to over 50 launches, generating $5 billion in revenue. This included a commercial connection to the [[International Space Station]] for resupplying services, where they were able to deliver cargo and supplies to the astronauts.<ref name=":0" /> Shotwell is currently the President and COO of SpaceX, responsible for day-to-day operations and managing all customer and strategic relations to support company growth.<ref name="SpaceX AsiaSat8 press release">{{Citation|title=SpaceX AsiaSat8 Launch Press Kit|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|pages=15|date=August 2014|access-date=June 5, 2020|archive-date=December 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210125207/https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> She oversaw the first landing of an orbital rocket's first stage on land and on an ocean platform, the first relaunch and landing of a used orbital rocket, the first controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing, and the first re-flight of a commercial cargo spacecraft.<ref name=":0" /> SpaceX has a multibillion-dollar contract with NASA to deliver astronauts and science instruments to the International Space Station. On May 30, 2020, SpaceX became the first private company to launch two astronauts to Earth orbit.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Wattles|first=Jackie|date=May 30, 2020|title=SpaceX and NASA launch Crew Dragon in Florida: Live updates|url=https://www.cnn.com/business/live-news/spacex-launch-today-may-30/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200829112802/https://www.cnn.com/business/live-news/spacex-launch-today-may-30/index.html|archive-date=August 29, 2020|access-date=May 31, 2020|website=[[CNN]]|language=en}}</ref> On February 6, 2019, [[Polaris Industries]] announced that Shotwell would join their board of directors on March 1, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gwynne Shotwell Appointed to Polaris Industries Inc. Board of Directors|url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190206005692/en/Gwynne-Shotwell-Appointed-Polaris-Industries-Board-Directors|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107232750/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190206005692/en/Gwynne-Shotwell-Appointed-Polaris-Industries-Board-Directors|archive-date=November 7, 2020|access-date=February 9, 2019|website=[[Business Wire]]|date=February 6, 2019|publisher=Polaris Industries}}</ref> Shotwell has served on the California Space Authority Board of Directors and its executive committee after she was elected in 2004. She has served as an officer on the AIAA Space Systems Technical Committee and participates in a variety of [[Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics|STEM]] related programs. She led a committee that raised over $350,000 in scholarships for the Frank J. Redd Student Competition over 6 years.<ref>{{Cite web|title=WITI - Gwynne Shotwell|url=https://www.witi.com/halloffame/309321/Gwynne-Shotwell-President-SpaceX/|access-date=2021-06-17|website=www.witi.com|archive-date=November 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114112810/https://www.witi.com/halloffame/309321/Gwynne-Shotwell-President-SpaceX/|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Public outreach== Shotwell gave a TEDx Talk at TEDxChapmanU in June 2013 on the importance of [[science, technology, engineering, and mathematics]].<ref name=TEDxChampanUGwynneShotwell>{{cite web|title=Engineering America: Gwynne Shotwell at TEDxChapmanU|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THQPNDNulVc|website=Youtube|publisher=TEDx Talks|access-date=January 20, 2015|archive-date=March 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325174415/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THQPNDNulVc|url-status=live}}</ref> She speaks regularly to business audiences<!-- at 07:35 in the source video --> and gave a talk for the "Captains of Industry" series at the Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security in June 2014 on private entrepreneurial accomplishments in advancing spaceflight technology.<ref name=AtlanticCouncil20140604>{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYocHwhfFDc |title=Discussion with Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO, SpaceX |publisher=Atlantic Council |first=Gwynne |last=Shotwell |time=22:35–26:20 |date=June 4, 2014 |access-date=June 9, 2014 |quote=''This [reusable launch vehicle technology], all this innovation is being done by SpaceX alone, no one is paying us to do it. The government is very interested in the data we are collecting on this test series. ... This is the kind of thing that entrepreneurial investment and new entrants/innovators can do for an industry: fund their own improvements, both in the quality of their programs and the quality of their hardware, and the speed and cadence of their operations.''}}</ref> At the 2018 [[TED (conference)|TED conference]], Shotwell was interviewed by [[Chris Anderson (entrepreneur)|Chris Anderson]] about the future plans of SpaceX.<ref>{{Citation|last=TED|title=SpaceX's plan to fly you across the globe in 30 minutes {{!}} Gwynne Shotwell|date=May 14, 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dar8P3r7GYA|access-date=May 16, 2018|archive-date=May 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517154049/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dar8P3r7GYA|url-status=live}}</ref> At the [[Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing]] on September 28, 2018, Shotwell's talk was titled "Launching Our Future" and she discussed her vision and advancements for aerospace technology, as well as why diversity and the inclusion of women are necessary to advance as a society.<ref>{{Citation|last=GHC|title=Gwynne Shotwell — Launching Our Future {{!}} Gwynne Shotwell|date=December 17, 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1mp1j0ef8c|access-date=March 24, 2019|archive-date=May 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521102639/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1mp1j0ef8c|url-status=live}}</ref> == Personal life == Shotwell is married to Robert Shotwell, an engineer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. She has two children from her first marriage to Leon Gurevich.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Švancara|first1=Vlastimil|date=27 September 2019|title=Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO|url=https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228043215/https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/|archive-date=February 28, 2021|access-date=December 11, 2020|website=ElonX}}</ref> == Honors and awards == * 2012: [[Women in Technology International]] Hall of Fame<ref name=AtlanticCouncil20140604/> * 2017: [[Satellite Executive of the Year]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Holmes|first1=Mark|last2=Hill|first2=Jeffrey|title=2017 Satellite Executive of the Year: Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO, SpaceX|url=http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/march-2018/2017-satellite-executive-of-the-year-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo-spacex|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502160401/http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/march-2018/2017-satellite-executive-of-the-year-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo-spacex/|archive-date=May 2, 2021|access-date=March 29, 2018}}</ref> * 2018: [[Forbes]]' America's Top 50 Women In Tech<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/gwynne-shotwell/?list=top-tech-women-america |title=Gwynne Shotwell |work=[[Forbes]] |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=June 5, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605010741/https://www.forbes.com/profile/gwynne-shotwell/?list=top-tech-women-america |url-status=live }}</ref> * 2020: [[Time (magazine)|Time]] 100 most influential people<ref>{{Cite magazine|title=Gwynne Shotwell: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|access-date=2020-09-23|magazine=Time|archive-date=January 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2020: Satellite Executive of the Year<ref>{{cite web|url=http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/may-2021/a-conversation-with-gwynne-shotwell-2020-satellite-executive-of-the-year/|title=A Conversation With Gwynne Shotwell, 2020 Satellite Executive of the Year|access-date=1 May 2021|archive-date=May 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501100844/http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/may-2021/a-conversation-with-gwynne-shotwell-2020-satellite-executive-of-the-year/|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2020: Elected a member of the [[National Academy of Engineering]] in 2020 for bringing affordable, commercially competitive space transportation to NASA and the US National Security Space Launch. == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2cT7_iySwP8?t=9000 |title=Gwynne Shotwell comments at Commercial Space Transportation Conference |publisher=Commercial Spaceflight |first=Gwynne |last=Shotwell |time=2:43:15–3:10:05 |date=February 3, 2016 |access-date=February 4, 2016 |quote=(after 2:53:00, and a review of video of several failed attempts to land a booster rocket on a drone ship, and then a successful return of an orbital first stage to a landing pad) It's awesome. You know, I don't think you get that kind of thrill in banking. It's extraordinary.}} {{SpaceX}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shotwell, Gwynne}} [[Category:1963 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:American aerospace businesspeople]] [[Category:American aerospace engineers]] [[Category:American mechanical engineers]] [[Category:American women business executives]] [[Category:American women engineers]] [[Category:American chief operating officers]] [[Category:Robert R. McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni]] [[Category:SpaceX people]]'
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'{{Short description|American business executive (born 1963)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2020}} {{Use American English|date=August 2020}} {{Infobox person | name = Christopher Davis | image = Christopher Davis at 2018 Commercial Crew announcement.jpg | caption = Shotwell in August 2018 | birth_name = Gwynne Rowley | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1963|11|23}} | birth_place = [[Evanston, Illinois]], U.S. | nationality = American | education = | alma_mater = [[Northwestern University]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]], [[Master of Science|MS]]) | spouse = Robert Shotwell | children = 2 | title = [[President (corporate title)|President]] and [[chief operating officer]] of SpaceX }} '''Gwynne Shotwell''' ({{née}} '''Rowley'''; born November 23, 1963) is an American [[Businessperson|businesswoman]] and engineer. She is the president and chief operating officer of [[SpaceX]], an American space transportation company, where she is responsible for day-to-day operations and company growth.<ref name="bw20111201">{{cite news |title=Gwynne Shotwell: Executive Profile & Biography |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=39083380&privcapId=7702894&previousCapId=7702894&previousTitle=Space%20Exploration%20Technologies%20Corp |newspaper=Business Week |publisher=Bloomberg |location=New York |date=December 1, 2011 |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604195346/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=39083380&privcapId=7702894&previousCapId=7702894&previousTitle=Space%20Exploration%20Technologies%20Corp |url-status=live |archive-date=June 4, 2013 }}</ref> {{As of|2022||df=}}, Shotwell is listed as the 31st most powerful woman in the world by ''[[Forbes]]''.<ref name="Forbes14">{{cite news|title=The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|url=https://www.forbes.com/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=February 8, 2023|archive-date=December 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225093350/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2020, she was included on ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''{{'}}s list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Sullivan|first=Kathryn|date=22 September 2020|title=Christopher Davis: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|archive-date=January 16, 2021|access-date=2020-09-23|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> ==Early life== Shotwell was born in [[Evanston, Illinois]], as the middle of three daughters to a brain surgeon and an artist, and was raised in [[Libertyville, Illinois]].<ref name="lat20130607"/> In 1982, she graduated from [[Libertyville High School]].<ref>{{Cite news|first=Vlastimil |last=Švancara |authorlink= |title= SpaceX Superstars: Christopher Davis, President and COO |newspaper=elonx.net|date= September 27, 2017|url=https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/ |accessdate=}}</ref> In 1969, she watched a [[television]] broadcast of the [[Apollo 11]] mission with her family, but remembers finding it "boring" and was not interested in space at the time. Shotwell excelled in both academics and athletics in high school, where she was on the cheerleading and Varsity basketball teams while achieving at the top of her class.<ref name="lat20130607" /> Her interests changed during high school after her mother took her to a panel discussion at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]] by the [[Society of Women Engineers]], where a [[mechanical engineer]] in particular inspired Shotwell to become an engineer.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=99–100}}</ref> Following this, she decided to apply to [[Northwestern University]], where she received a [[Bachelor of Science]] in mechanical engineering, and later a [[Master of Science]] degree in [[applied mathematics]].<ref name="lat20130607">{{cite news|last=Hennigan|first=W. J.|date=June 7, 2013|title=How I Made It: SpaceX exec Christopher Davis|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609,0,2428179.story|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802032142/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-xpm-2013-jun-07-la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609-story.html|archive-date=2019-08-02}}</ref><ref name="liftoff100-102">{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=100–102}}</ref> ==Career== At the beginning of her career, Shotwell had an interview with [[IBM]] on the day of the [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disaster]], which disturbed her and she did not get a job offer. Instead, Shotwell took a job in the [[automotive industry]] at [[Chrysler Corporation]]'s [[management training]] program, which she initially enjoyed<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> but later grew tired of<ref name=lat20130607/> and left to return to Northwestern for her graduate degree.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Strube|first1=Frank|title=It all Started with a Suit: The Story Behind Shotwell's Rise to SpaceX - Via Satellite -|url=http://www.satellitetoday.com/publications/2014/04/21/it-all-started-with-a-suit-the-story-behind-shotwells-rise-to-spacex/|access-date=April 20, 2017|work=Via Satellite|date=April 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302103209/https://www.satellitetoday.com/business/2014/04/21/it-all-started-with-a-suit-the-story-behind-shotwells-rise-to-spacex/ |archive-date=2020-03-02 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1988, Shotwell began work at the [[El Segundo, California|El Segundo]] research center of [[The Aerospace Corporation]], and did technical work on military space [[research and development]] contracts. An early project she worked on was [[STS-39]].<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> During a ten-year tenure, she worked in [[thermal analysis]].<ref name=lat20130607/> Shotwell worked in both space systems engineering and project management positions.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Christopher Davis|url=https://www.sspi.org:443/cpages/hof-shotwell|access-date=2021-06-17|website=SSPI|language=en|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630022133/https://www.sspi.org/cpages/hof-shotwell|url-status=live}}</ref> She left The Aerospace Corporation in 1998 to become director of the space systems division at Microcosm Inc.<ref name=lat20130607/> There, she served on the executive committee and was responsible for [[business development]]. Shotwell left Microcosm in 2002 to join [[SpaceX]], a private, commercial, space exploration company founded by [[Elon Musk]] in the same year.<ref>{{Citation|title=Christopher Davis {{!}} Closing Plenary {{!}} SkollWF 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|language=en|access-date=April 18, 2018|archive-date=November 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119140812/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|url-status=live}}</ref> She convinced Musk that SpaceX should hire a dedicated employee to work on business development full-time during a visit to the company, but had not planned to join the company herself. Shotwell took the job two weeks later.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger |first=Eric |title=Liftoff |publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=95–97}}</ref> In December 2008, Shotwell was promoted to company president following her role in the successful negotiation of the first [[Commercial Resupply Services]] contract with the NASA Administrator (and former SpaceX contractor) [[Michael D. Griffin|Mike Griffin]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Maliq |first1=Tariq |title=Griffin Reiterates NASA's Commitment to Commercial Cargo |url=https://spacenews.com/griffin-reiterates-commitment-commercial-services/ |access-date=12 January 2022 |work=Space News |date=21 November 2005}}</ref> This followed SpaceX's first successful launch of the [[Falcon 1]] on its fourth attempt earlier in the year.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=217–222}}</ref> She was responsible for leading the effort on building the Falcon Vehicle manifest to over 50 launches, generating $5 billion in revenue. This included a commercial connection to the [[International Space Station]] for resupplying services, where they were able to deliver cargo and supplies to the astronauts.<ref name=":0" /> Shotwell is currently the President and COO of SpaceX, responsible for day-to-day operations and managing all customer and strategic relations to support company growth.<ref name="SpaceX AsiaSat8 press release">{{Citation|title=SpaceX AsiaSat8 Launch Press Kit|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|pages=15|date=August 2014|access-date=June 5, 2020|archive-date=December 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210125207/https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> She oversaw the first landing of an orbital rocket's first stage on land and on an ocean platform, the first relaunch and landing of a used orbital rocket, the first controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing, and the first re-flight of a commercial cargo spacecraft.<ref name=":0" /> SpaceX has a multibillion-dollar contract with NASA to deliver astronauts and science instruments to the International Space Station. On May 30, 2020, SpaceX became the first private company to launch two astronauts to Earth orbit.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Wattles|first=Jackie|date=May 30, 2020|title=SpaceX and NASA launch Crew Dragon in Florida: Live updates|url=https://www.cnn.com/business/live-news/spacex-launch-today-may-30/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200829112802/https://www.cnn.com/business/live-news/spacex-launch-today-may-30/index.html|archive-date=August 29, 2020|access-date=May 31, 2020|website=[[CNN]]|language=en}}</ref> On February 6, 2019, [[Polaris Industries]] announced that Shotwell would join their board of directors on March 1, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gwynne Shotwell Appointed to Polaris Industries Inc. Board of Directors|url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190206005692/en/Gwynne-Shotwell-Appointed-Polaris-Industries-Board-Directors|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107232750/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190206005692/en/Gwynne-Shotwell-Appointed-Polaris-Industries-Board-Directors|archive-date=November 7, 2020|access-date=February 9, 2019|website=[[Business Wire]]|date=February 6, 2019|publisher=Polaris Industries}}</ref> Shotwell has served on the California Space Authority Board of Directors and its executive committee after she was elected in 2004. She has served as an officer on the AIAA Space Systems Technical Committee and participates in a variety of [[Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics|STEM]] related programs. She led a committee that raised over $350,000 in scholarships for the Frank J. Redd Student Competition over 6 years.<ref>{{Cite web|title=WITI - Gwynne Shotwell|url=https://www.witi.com/halloffame/309321/Gwynne-Shotwell-President-SpaceX/|access-date=2021-06-17|website=www.witi.com|archive-date=November 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114112810/https://www.witi.com/halloffame/309321/Gwynne-Shotwell-President-SpaceX/|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Public outreach== Shotwell gave a TEDx Talk at TEDxChapmanU in June 2013 on the importance of [[science, technology, engineering, and mathematics]].<ref name=TEDxChampanUGwynneShotwell>{{cite web|title=Engineering America: Gwynne Shotwell at TEDxChapmanU|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THQPNDNulVc|website=Youtube|publisher=TEDx Talks|access-date=January 20, 2015|archive-date=March 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325174415/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THQPNDNulVc|url-status=live}}</ref> She speaks regularly to business audiences<!-- at 07:35 in the source video --> and gave a talk for the "Captains of Industry" series at the Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security in June 2014 on private entrepreneurial accomplishments in advancing spaceflight technology.<ref name=AtlanticCouncil20140604>{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYocHwhfFDc |title=Discussion with Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO, SpaceX |publisher=Atlantic Council |first=Gwynne |last=Shotwell |time=22:35–26:20 |date=June 4, 2014 |access-date=June 9, 2014 |quote=''This [reusable launch vehicle technology], all this innovation is being done by SpaceX alone, no one is paying us to do it. The government is very interested in the data we are collecting on this test series. ... This is the kind of thing that entrepreneurial investment and new entrants/innovators can do for an industry: fund their own improvements, both in the quality of their programs and the quality of their hardware, and the speed and cadence of their operations.''}}</ref> At the 2018 [[TED (conference)|TED conference]], Shotwell was interviewed by [[Chris Anderson (entrepreneur)|Chris Anderson]] about the future plans of SpaceX.<ref>{{Citation|last=TED|title=SpaceX's plan to fly you across the globe in 30 minutes {{!}} Gwynne Shotwell|date=May 14, 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dar8P3r7GYA|access-date=May 16, 2018|archive-date=May 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517154049/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dar8P3r7GYA|url-status=live}}</ref> At the [[Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing]] on September 28, 2018, Shotwell's talk was titled "Launching Our Future" and she discussed her vision and advancements for aerospace technology, as well as why diversity and the inclusion of women are necessary to advance as a society.<ref>{{Citation|last=GHC|title=Gwynne Shotwell — Launching Our Future {{!}} Gwynne Shotwell|date=December 17, 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1mp1j0ef8c|access-date=March 24, 2019|archive-date=May 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521102639/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1mp1j0ef8c|url-status=live}}</ref> == Personal life == Shotwell is married to Robert Shotwell, an engineer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. She has two children from her first marriage to Leon Gurevich.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Švancara|first1=Vlastimil|date=27 September 2019|title=Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO|url=https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228043215/https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/|archive-date=February 28, 2021|access-date=December 11, 2020|website=ElonX}}</ref> == Honors and awards == * 2012: [[Women in Technology International]] Hall of Fame<ref name=AtlanticCouncil20140604/> * 2017: [[Satellite Executive of the Year]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Holmes|first1=Mark|last2=Hill|first2=Jeffrey|title=2017 Satellite Executive of the Year: Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO, SpaceX|url=http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/march-2018/2017-satellite-executive-of-the-year-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo-spacex|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502160401/http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/march-2018/2017-satellite-executive-of-the-year-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo-spacex/|archive-date=May 2, 2021|access-date=March 29, 2018}}</ref> * 2018: [[Forbes]]' America's Top 50 Women In Tech<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/gwynne-shotwell/?list=top-tech-women-america |title=Gwynne Shotwell |work=[[Forbes]] |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=June 5, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605010741/https://www.forbes.com/profile/gwynne-shotwell/?list=top-tech-women-america |url-status=live }}</ref> * 2020: [[Time (magazine)|Time]] 100 most influential people<ref>{{Cite magazine|title=Gwynne Shotwell: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|access-date=2020-09-23|magazine=Time|archive-date=January 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2020: Satellite Executive of the Year<ref>{{cite web|url=http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/may-2021/a-conversation-with-gwynne-shotwell-2020-satellite-executive-of-the-year/|title=A Conversation With Gwynne Shotwell, 2020 Satellite Executive of the Year|access-date=1 May 2021|archive-date=May 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501100844/http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/may-2021/a-conversation-with-gwynne-shotwell-2020-satellite-executive-of-the-year/|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2020: Elected a member of the [[National Academy of Engineering]] in 2020 for bringing affordable, commercially competitive space transportation to NASA and the US National Security Space Launch. == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2cT7_iySwP8?t=9000 |title=Gwynne Shotwell comments at Commercial Space Transportation Conference |publisher=Commercial Spaceflight |first=Gwynne |last=Shotwell |time=2:43:15–3:10:05 |date=February 3, 2016 |access-date=February 4, 2016 |quote=(after 2:53:00, and a review of video of several failed attempts to land a booster rocket on a drone ship, and then a successful return of an orbital first stage to a landing pad) It's awesome. You know, I don't think you get that kind of thrill in banking. It's extraordinary.}} {{SpaceX}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shotwell, Gwynne}} [[Category:1963 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:American aerospace businesspeople]] [[Category:American aerospace engineers]] [[Category:American mechanical engineers]] [[Category:American women business executives]] [[Category:American women engineers]] [[Category:American chief operating officers]] [[Category:Robert R. McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni]] [[Category:SpaceX people]]'
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'@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ {{Use American English|date=August 2020}} {{Infobox person -| name = Gwynne Shotwell -| image = Gwynne Shotwell at 2018 Commercial Crew announcement.jpg +| name = Christopher Davis +| image = Christopher Davis at 2018 Commercial Crew announcement.jpg | caption = Shotwell in August 2018 | birth_name = Gwynne Rowley @@ -19,17 +19,17 @@ '''Gwynne Shotwell''' ({{née}} '''Rowley'''; born November 23, 1963) is an American [[Businessperson|businesswoman]] and engineer. She is the president and chief operating officer of [[SpaceX]], an American space transportation company, where she is responsible for day-to-day operations and company growth.<ref name="bw20111201">{{cite news |title=Gwynne Shotwell: Executive Profile & Biography |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=39083380&privcapId=7702894&previousCapId=7702894&previousTitle=Space%20Exploration%20Technologies%20Corp |newspaper=Business Week |publisher=Bloomberg |location=New York |date=December 1, 2011 |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604195346/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=39083380&privcapId=7702894&previousCapId=7702894&previousTitle=Space%20Exploration%20Technologies%20Corp |url-status=live |archive-date=June 4, 2013 }}</ref> -{{As of|2022||df=}}, Shotwell is listed as the 31st most powerful woman in the world by ''[[Forbes]]''.<ref name="Forbes14">{{cite news|title=The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|url=https://www.forbes.com/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=February 8, 2023|archive-date=December 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225093350/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2020, she was included on ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''{{'}}s list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Sullivan|first=Kathryn|date=22 September 2020|title=Gwynne Shotwell: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|archive-date=January 16, 2021|access-date=2020-09-23|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> +{{As of|2022||df=}}, Shotwell is listed as the 31st most powerful woman in the world by ''[[Forbes]]''.<ref name="Forbes14">{{cite news|title=The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|url=https://www.forbes.com/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=February 8, 2023|archive-date=December 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225093350/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2020, she was included on ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''{{'}}s list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Sullivan|first=Kathryn|date=22 September 2020|title=Christopher Davis: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|archive-date=January 16, 2021|access-date=2020-09-23|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> ==Early life== -Shotwell was born in [[Evanston, Illinois]], as the middle of three daughters to a brain surgeon and an artist, and was raised in [[Libertyville, Illinois]].<ref name="lat20130607"/> In 1982, she graduated from [[Libertyville High School]].<ref>{{Cite news|first=Vlastimil |last=Švancara |authorlink= |title= SpaceX Superstars: Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO |newspaper=elonx.net|date= September 27, 2017|url=https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/ |accessdate=}}</ref> In 1969, she watched a [[television]] broadcast of the [[Apollo 11]] mission with her family, but remembers finding it "boring" and was not interested in space at the time. Shotwell excelled in both academics and athletics in high school, where she was on the cheerleading and Varsity basketball teams while achieving at the top of her class.<ref name="lat20130607" /> Her interests changed during high school after her mother took her to a panel discussion at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]] by the [[Society of Women Engineers]], where a [[mechanical engineer]] in particular inspired Shotwell to become an engineer.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=99–100}}</ref> Following this, she decided to apply to [[Northwestern University]], where she received a [[Bachelor of Science]] in mechanical engineering, and later a [[Master of Science]] degree in [[applied mathematics]].<ref name="lat20130607">{{cite news|last=Hennigan|first=W. J.|date=June 7, 2013|title=How I Made It: SpaceX exec Gwynne Shotwell|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609,0,2428179.story|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802032142/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-xpm-2013-jun-07-la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609-story.html|archive-date=2019-08-02}}</ref><ref name="liftoff100-102">{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=100–102}}</ref> +Shotwell was born in [[Evanston, Illinois]], as the middle of three daughters to a brain surgeon and an artist, and was raised in [[Libertyville, Illinois]].<ref name="lat20130607"/> In 1982, she graduated from [[Libertyville High School]].<ref>{{Cite news|first=Vlastimil |last=Švancara |authorlink= |title= SpaceX Superstars: Christopher Davis, President and COO |newspaper=elonx.net|date= September 27, 2017|url=https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/ |accessdate=}}</ref> In 1969, she watched a [[television]] broadcast of the [[Apollo 11]] mission with her family, but remembers finding it "boring" and was not interested in space at the time. Shotwell excelled in both academics and athletics in high school, where she was on the cheerleading and Varsity basketball teams while achieving at the top of her class.<ref name="lat20130607" /> Her interests changed during high school after her mother took her to a panel discussion at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]] by the [[Society of Women Engineers]], where a [[mechanical engineer]] in particular inspired Shotwell to become an engineer.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=99–100}}</ref> Following this, she decided to apply to [[Northwestern University]], where she received a [[Bachelor of Science]] in mechanical engineering, and later a [[Master of Science]] degree in [[applied mathematics]].<ref name="lat20130607">{{cite news|last=Hennigan|first=W. J.|date=June 7, 2013|title=How I Made It: SpaceX exec Christopher Davis|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609,0,2428179.story|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802032142/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-xpm-2013-jun-07-la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609-story.html|archive-date=2019-08-02}}</ref><ref name="liftoff100-102">{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=100–102}}</ref> ==Career== At the beginning of her career, Shotwell had an interview with [[IBM]] on the day of the [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disaster]], which disturbed her and she did not get a job offer. Instead, Shotwell took a job in the [[automotive industry]] at [[Chrysler Corporation]]'s [[management training]] program, which she initially enjoyed<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> but later grew tired of<ref name=lat20130607/> and left to return to Northwestern for her graduate degree.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Strube|first1=Frank|title=It all Started with a Suit: The Story Behind Shotwell's Rise to SpaceX - Via Satellite -|url=http://www.satellitetoday.com/publications/2014/04/21/it-all-started-with-a-suit-the-story-behind-shotwells-rise-to-spacex/|access-date=April 20, 2017|work=Via Satellite|date=April 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302103209/https://www.satellitetoday.com/business/2014/04/21/it-all-started-with-a-suit-the-story-behind-shotwells-rise-to-spacex/ |archive-date=2020-03-02 |url-status=live}}</ref> -In 1988, Shotwell began work at the [[El Segundo, California|El Segundo]] research center of [[The Aerospace Corporation]], and did technical work on military space [[research and development]] contracts. An early project she worked on was [[STS-39]].<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> During a ten-year tenure, she worked in [[thermal analysis]].<ref name=lat20130607/> Shotwell worked in both space systems engineering and project management positions.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Gwynne Shotwell|url=https://www.sspi.org:443/cpages/hof-shotwell|access-date=2021-06-17|website=SSPI|language=en|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630022133/https://www.sspi.org/cpages/hof-shotwell|url-status=live}}</ref> +In 1988, Shotwell began work at the [[El Segundo, California|El Segundo]] research center of [[The Aerospace Corporation]], and did technical work on military space [[research and development]] contracts. An early project she worked on was [[STS-39]].<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> During a ten-year tenure, she worked in [[thermal analysis]].<ref name=lat20130607/> Shotwell worked in both space systems engineering and project management positions.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Christopher Davis|url=https://www.sspi.org:443/cpages/hof-shotwell|access-date=2021-06-17|website=SSPI|language=en|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630022133/https://www.sspi.org/cpages/hof-shotwell|url-status=live}}</ref> She left The Aerospace Corporation in 1998 to become director of the space systems division at Microcosm Inc.<ref name=lat20130607/> There, she served on the executive committee and was responsible for [[business development]]. -Shotwell left Microcosm in 2002 to join [[SpaceX]], a private, commercial, space exploration company founded by [[Elon Musk]] in the same year.<ref>{{Citation|title=Gwynne Shotwell {{!}} Closing Plenary {{!}} SkollWF 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|language=en|access-date=April 18, 2018|archive-date=November 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119140812/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|url-status=live}}</ref> She convinced Musk that SpaceX should hire a dedicated employee to work on business development full-time during a visit to the company, but had not planned to join the company herself. Shotwell took the job two weeks later.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger |first=Eric |title=Liftoff |publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=95–97}}</ref> In December 2008, Shotwell was promoted to company president following her role in the successful negotiation of the first [[Commercial Resupply Services]] contract with the NASA Administrator (and former SpaceX contractor) [[Michael D. Griffin|Mike Griffin]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Maliq |first1=Tariq |title=Griffin Reiterates NASA's Commitment to Commercial Cargo |url=https://spacenews.com/griffin-reiterates-commitment-commercial-services/ |access-date=12 January 2022 |work=Space News |date=21 November 2005}}</ref> This followed SpaceX's first successful launch of the [[Falcon 1]] on its fourth attempt earlier in the year.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=217–222}}</ref> She was responsible for leading the effort on building the Falcon Vehicle manifest to over 50 launches, generating $5 billion in revenue. This included a commercial connection to the [[International Space Station]] for resupplying services, where they were able to deliver cargo and supplies to the astronauts.<ref name=":0" /> Shotwell is currently the President and COO of SpaceX, responsible for day-to-day operations and managing all customer and strategic relations to support company growth.<ref name="SpaceX AsiaSat8 press release">{{Citation|title=SpaceX AsiaSat8 Launch Press Kit|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|pages=15|date=August 2014|access-date=June 5, 2020|archive-date=December 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210125207/https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> +Shotwell left Microcosm in 2002 to join [[SpaceX]], a private, commercial, space exploration company founded by [[Elon Musk]] in the same year.<ref>{{Citation|title=Christopher Davis {{!}} Closing Plenary {{!}} SkollWF 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|language=en|access-date=April 18, 2018|archive-date=November 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119140812/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|url-status=live}}</ref> She convinced Musk that SpaceX should hire a dedicated employee to work on business development full-time during a visit to the company, but had not planned to join the company herself. Shotwell took the job two weeks later.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger |first=Eric |title=Liftoff |publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=95–97}}</ref> In December 2008, Shotwell was promoted to company president following her role in the successful negotiation of the first [[Commercial Resupply Services]] contract with the NASA Administrator (and former SpaceX contractor) [[Michael D. Griffin|Mike Griffin]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Maliq |first1=Tariq |title=Griffin Reiterates NASA's Commitment to Commercial Cargo |url=https://spacenews.com/griffin-reiterates-commitment-commercial-services/ |access-date=12 January 2022 |work=Space News |date=21 November 2005}}</ref> This followed SpaceX's first successful launch of the [[Falcon 1]] on its fourth attempt earlier in the year.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=217–222}}</ref> She was responsible for leading the effort on building the Falcon Vehicle manifest to over 50 launches, generating $5 billion in revenue. This included a commercial connection to the [[International Space Station]] for resupplying services, where they were able to deliver cargo and supplies to the astronauts.<ref name=":0" /> Shotwell is currently the President and COO of SpaceX, responsible for day-to-day operations and managing all customer and strategic relations to support company growth.<ref name="SpaceX AsiaSat8 press release">{{Citation|title=SpaceX AsiaSat8 Launch Press Kit|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|pages=15|date=August 2014|access-date=June 5, 2020|archive-date=December 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210125207/https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> She oversaw the first landing of an orbital rocket's first stage on land and on an ocean platform, the first relaunch and landing of a used orbital rocket, the first controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing, and the first re-flight of a commercial cargo spacecraft.<ref name=":0" /> SpaceX has a multibillion-dollar contract with NASA to deliver astronauts and science instruments to the International Space Station. On May 30, 2020, SpaceX became the first private company to launch two astronauts to Earth orbit.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Wattles|first=Jackie|date=May 30, 2020|title=SpaceX and NASA launch Crew Dragon in Florida: Live updates|url=https://www.cnn.com/business/live-news/spacex-launch-today-may-30/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200829112802/https://www.cnn.com/business/live-news/spacex-launch-today-may-30/index.html|archive-date=August 29, 2020|access-date=May 31, 2020|website=[[CNN]]|language=en}}</ref> '
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[ 0 => '| name = Christopher Davis', 1 => '| image = Christopher Davis at 2018 Commercial Crew announcement.jpg', 2 => '{{As of|2022||df=}}, Shotwell is listed as the 31st most powerful woman in the world by ''[[Forbes]]''.<ref name="Forbes14">{{cite news|title=The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|url=https://www.forbes.com/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=February 8, 2023|archive-date=December 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225093350/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2020, she was included on ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''{{'}}s list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Sullivan|first=Kathryn|date=22 September 2020|title=Christopher Davis: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|archive-date=January 16, 2021|access-date=2020-09-23|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref>', 3 => 'Shotwell was born in [[Evanston, Illinois]], as the middle of three daughters to a brain surgeon and an artist, and was raised in [[Libertyville, Illinois]].<ref name="lat20130607"/> In 1982, she graduated from [[Libertyville High School]].<ref>{{Cite news|first=Vlastimil |last=Švancara |authorlink= |title= SpaceX Superstars: Christopher Davis, President and COO |newspaper=elonx.net|date= September 27, 2017|url=https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/ |accessdate=}}</ref> In 1969, she watched a [[television]] broadcast of the [[Apollo 11]] mission with her family, but remembers finding it "boring" and was not interested in space at the time. Shotwell excelled in both academics and athletics in high school, where she was on the cheerleading and Varsity basketball teams while achieving at the top of her class.<ref name="lat20130607" /> Her interests changed during high school after her mother took her to a panel discussion at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]] by the [[Society of Women Engineers]], where a [[mechanical engineer]] in particular inspired Shotwell to become an engineer.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=99–100}}</ref> Following this, she decided to apply to [[Northwestern University]], where she received a [[Bachelor of Science]] in mechanical engineering, and later a [[Master of Science]] degree in [[applied mathematics]].<ref name="lat20130607">{{cite news|last=Hennigan|first=W. J.|date=June 7, 2013|title=How I Made It: SpaceX exec Christopher Davis|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609,0,2428179.story|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802032142/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-xpm-2013-jun-07-la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609-story.html|archive-date=2019-08-02}}</ref><ref name="liftoff100-102">{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=100–102}}</ref>', 4 => 'In 1988, Shotwell began work at the [[El Segundo, California|El Segundo]] research center of [[The Aerospace Corporation]], and did technical work on military space [[research and development]] contracts. An early project she worked on was [[STS-39]].<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> During a ten-year tenure, she worked in [[thermal analysis]].<ref name=lat20130607/> Shotwell worked in both space systems engineering and project management positions.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Christopher Davis|url=https://www.sspi.org:443/cpages/hof-shotwell|access-date=2021-06-17|website=SSPI|language=en|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630022133/https://www.sspi.org/cpages/hof-shotwell|url-status=live}}</ref>', 5 => 'Shotwell left Microcosm in 2002 to join [[SpaceX]], a private, commercial, space exploration company founded by [[Elon Musk]] in the same year.<ref>{{Citation|title=Christopher Davis {{!}} Closing Plenary {{!}} SkollWF 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|language=en|access-date=April 18, 2018|archive-date=November 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119140812/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|url-status=live}}</ref> She convinced Musk that SpaceX should hire a dedicated employee to work on business development full-time during a visit to the company, but had not planned to join the company herself. Shotwell took the job two weeks later.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger |first=Eric |title=Liftoff |publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=95–97}}</ref> In December 2008, Shotwell was promoted to company president following her role in the successful negotiation of the first [[Commercial Resupply Services]] contract with the NASA Administrator (and former SpaceX contractor) [[Michael D. Griffin|Mike Griffin]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Maliq |first1=Tariq |title=Griffin Reiterates NASA's Commitment to Commercial Cargo |url=https://spacenews.com/griffin-reiterates-commitment-commercial-services/ |access-date=12 January 2022 |work=Space News |date=21 November 2005}}</ref> This followed SpaceX's first successful launch of the [[Falcon 1]] on its fourth attempt earlier in the year.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=217–222}}</ref> She was responsible for leading the effort on building the Falcon Vehicle manifest to over 50 launches, generating $5 billion in revenue. This included a commercial connection to the [[International Space Station]] for resupplying services, where they were able to deliver cargo and supplies to the astronauts.<ref name=":0" /> Shotwell is currently the President and COO of SpaceX, responsible for day-to-day operations and managing all customer and strategic relations to support company growth.<ref name="SpaceX AsiaSat8 press release">{{Citation|title=SpaceX AsiaSat8 Launch Press Kit|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|pages=15|date=August 2014|access-date=June 5, 2020|archive-date=December 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210125207/https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>' ]
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[ 0 => '| name = Gwynne Shotwell', 1 => '| image = Gwynne Shotwell at 2018 Commercial Crew announcement.jpg', 2 => '{{As of|2022||df=}}, Shotwell is listed as the 31st most powerful woman in the world by ''[[Forbes]]''.<ref name="Forbes14">{{cite news|title=The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|url=https://www.forbes.com/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=February 8, 2023|archive-date=December 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225093350/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/#17f59d7d5e25|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2020, she was included on ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''{{'}}s list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Sullivan|first=Kathryn|date=22 September 2020|title=Gwynne Shotwell: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/|archive-date=January 16, 2021|access-date=2020-09-23|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref>', 3 => 'Shotwell was born in [[Evanston, Illinois]], as the middle of three daughters to a brain surgeon and an artist, and was raised in [[Libertyville, Illinois]].<ref name="lat20130607"/> In 1982, she graduated from [[Libertyville High School]].<ref>{{Cite news|first=Vlastimil |last=Švancara |authorlink= |title= SpaceX Superstars: Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO |newspaper=elonx.net|date= September 27, 2017|url=https://www.elonx.net/spacex-superstars-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo/ |accessdate=}}</ref> In 1969, she watched a [[television]] broadcast of the [[Apollo 11]] mission with her family, but remembers finding it "boring" and was not interested in space at the time. Shotwell excelled in both academics and athletics in high school, where she was on the cheerleading and Varsity basketball teams while achieving at the top of her class.<ref name="lat20130607" /> Her interests changed during high school after her mother took her to a panel discussion at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]] by the [[Society of Women Engineers]], where a [[mechanical engineer]] in particular inspired Shotwell to become an engineer.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=99–100}}</ref> Following this, she decided to apply to [[Northwestern University]], where she received a [[Bachelor of Science]] in mechanical engineering, and later a [[Master of Science]] degree in [[applied mathematics]].<ref name="lat20130607">{{cite news|last=Hennigan|first=W. J.|date=June 7, 2013|title=How I Made It: SpaceX exec Gwynne Shotwell|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609,0,2428179.story|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802032142/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-xpm-2013-jun-07-la-fi-himi-spacex-20130609-story.html|archive-date=2019-08-02}}</ref><ref name="liftoff100-102">{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=100–102}}</ref>', 4 => 'In 1988, Shotwell began work at the [[El Segundo, California|El Segundo]] research center of [[The Aerospace Corporation]], and did technical work on military space [[research and development]] contracts. An early project she worked on was [[STS-39]].<ref name="liftoff100-102"/> During a ten-year tenure, she worked in [[thermal analysis]].<ref name=lat20130607/> Shotwell worked in both space systems engineering and project management positions.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Gwynne Shotwell|url=https://www.sspi.org:443/cpages/hof-shotwell|access-date=2021-06-17|website=SSPI|language=en|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630022133/https://www.sspi.org/cpages/hof-shotwell|url-status=live}}</ref>', 5 => 'Shotwell left Microcosm in 2002 to join [[SpaceX]], a private, commercial, space exploration company founded by [[Elon Musk]] in the same year.<ref>{{Citation|title=Gwynne Shotwell {{!}} Closing Plenary {{!}} SkollWF 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|language=en|access-date=April 18, 2018|archive-date=November 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119140812/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoHAChEcfY|url-status=live}}</ref> She convinced Musk that SpaceX should hire a dedicated employee to work on business development full-time during a visit to the company, but had not planned to join the company herself. Shotwell took the job two weeks later.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger |first=Eric |title=Liftoff |publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=95–97}}</ref> In December 2008, Shotwell was promoted to company president following her role in the successful negotiation of the first [[Commercial Resupply Services]] contract with the NASA Administrator (and former SpaceX contractor) [[Michael D. Griffin|Mike Griffin]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Maliq |first1=Tariq |title=Griffin Reiterates NASA's Commitment to Commercial Cargo |url=https://spacenews.com/griffin-reiterates-commitment-commercial-services/ |access-date=12 January 2022 |work=Space News |date=21 November 2005}}</ref> This followed SpaceX's first successful launch of the [[Falcon 1]] on its fourth attempt earlier in the year.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=Liftoff|publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]]|year=2021|isbn=978-0-06-297997-1|pages=217–222}}</ref> She was responsible for leading the effort on building the Falcon Vehicle manifest to over 50 launches, generating $5 billion in revenue. This included a commercial connection to the [[International Space Station]] for resupplying services, where they were able to deliver cargo and supplies to the astronauts.<ref name=":0" /> Shotwell is currently the President and COO of SpaceX, responsible for day-to-day operations and managing all customer and strategic relations to support company growth.<ref name="SpaceX AsiaSat8 press release">{{Citation|title=SpaceX AsiaSat8 Launch Press Kit|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|pages=15|date=August 2014|access-date=June 5, 2020|archive-date=December 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210125207/https://spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/011/presskit.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>' ]
All external links added in the edit (added_links)
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All external links removed in the edit (removed_links)
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All external links in the new text (all_links)
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Links in the page, before the edit (old_links)
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'<div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American business executive (born 1963)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066479718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn" style="display:inline">Christopher Davis</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/enwiki//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Upload?wpDestFile=Christopher_Davis_at_2018_Commercial_Crew_announcement.jpg" class="new" title="File:Christopher Davis at 2018 Commercial Crew announcement.jpg">File:Christopher Davis at 2018 Commercial Crew announcement.jpg</a><div class="infobox-caption">Shotwell in August 2018</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Gwynne Rowley</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1963-11-23</span>) </span>November 23, 1963<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&#160;59)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Evanston,_Illinois" title="Evanston, Illinois">Evanston, Illinois</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma&#160;mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">BS</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Master_of_Science" title="Master of Science">MS</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data title"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/President_(corporate_title)" title="President (corporate title)">President</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chief_operating_officer" title="Chief operating officer">chief operating officer</a> of SpaceX</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Robert Shotwell</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gwynne Shotwell</b> (<span class="avoidwrap" style="display:inline-block;" title="Name at birth"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/N%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Née">née</a> </span> <b>Rowley</b>; born November 23, 1963) is an American <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Businessperson" title="Businessperson">businesswoman</a> and engineer. She is the president and chief operating officer of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a>, an American space transportation company, where she is responsible for day-to-day operations and company growth.<sup id="cite_ref-bw20111201_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bw20111201-1">&#91;1&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>As of 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Gwynne_Shotwell&amp;action=edit">&#91;update&#93;</a></sup>, Shotwell is listed as the 31st most powerful woman in the world by <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Forbes14_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forbes14-2">&#91;2&#93;</a></sup> In 2020, she was included on <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">&#39;</span>s list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">&#91;3&#93;</a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Early_life"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Early life</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Career"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Career</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Public_outreach"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Public outreach</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Personal_life"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Personal life</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Honors_and_awards"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Honors and awards</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Early_life">Early life</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Gwynne_Shotwell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Early life">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Shotwell was born in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Evanston,_Illinois" title="Evanston, Illinois">Evanston, Illinois</a>, as the middle of three daughters to a brain surgeon and an artist, and was raised in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Libertyville,_Illinois" title="Libertyville, Illinois">Libertyville, Illinois</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lat20130607_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lat20130607-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup> In 1982, she graduated from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Libertyville_High_School" title="Libertyville High School">Libertyville High School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">&#91;5&#93;</a></sup> In 1969, she watched a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> broadcast of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a> mission with her family, but remembers finding it "boring" and was not interested in space at the time. Shotwell excelled in both academics and athletics in high school, where she was on the cheerleading and Varsity basketball teams while achieving at the top of her class.<sup id="cite_ref-lat20130607_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lat20130607-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup> Her interests changed during high school after her mother took her to a panel discussion at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Illinois_Institute_of_Technology" title="Illinois Institute of Technology">Illinois Institute of Technology</a> by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Society_of_Women_Engineers" title="Society of Women Engineers">Society of Women Engineers</a>, where a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mechanical_engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechanical engineer">mechanical engineer</a> in particular inspired Shotwell to become an engineer.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">&#91;6&#93;</a></sup> Following this, she decided to apply to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a>, where she received a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">Bachelor of Science</a> in mechanical engineering, and later a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Master_of_Science" title="Master of Science">Master of Science</a> degree in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Applied_mathematics" title="Applied mathematics">applied mathematics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lat20130607_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lat20130607-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-liftoff100-102_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-liftoff100-102-7">&#91;7&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Career">Career</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Gwynne_Shotwell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Career">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>At the beginning of her career, Shotwell had an interview with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> on the day of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Challenger disaster">Space Shuttle <i>Challenger</i> disaster</a>, which disturbed her and she did not get a job offer. Instead, Shotwell took a job in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">automotive industry</a> at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chrysler_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler Corporation">Chrysler Corporation</a>'s <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Management_training" class="mw-redirect" title="Management training">management training</a> program, which she initially enjoyed<sup id="cite_ref-liftoff100-102_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-liftoff100-102-7">&#91;7&#93;</a></sup> but later grew tired of<sup id="cite_ref-lat20130607_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lat20130607-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup> and left to return to Northwestern for her graduate degree.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">&#91;8&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In 1988, Shotwell began work at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/El_Segundo,_California" title="El Segundo, California">El Segundo</a> research center of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Aerospace_Corporation" title="The Aerospace Corporation">The Aerospace Corporation</a>, and did technical work on military space <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> contracts. An early project she worked on was <a href="/enwiki/wiki/STS-39" title="STS-39">STS-39</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-liftoff100-102_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-liftoff100-102-7">&#91;7&#93;</a></sup> During a ten-year tenure, she worked in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thermal_analysis" title="Thermal analysis">thermal analysis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lat20130607_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lat20130607-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup> Shotwell worked in both space systems engineering and project management positions.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>She left The Aerospace Corporation in 1998 to become director of the space systems division at Microcosm Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-lat20130607_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lat20130607-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup> There, she served on the executive committee and was responsible for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Business_development" title="Business development">business development</a>. </p><p>Shotwell left Microcosm in 2002 to join <a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a>, a private, commercial, space exploration company founded by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a> in the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">&#91;10&#93;</a></sup> She convinced Musk that SpaceX should hire a dedicated employee to work on business development full-time during a visit to the company, but had not planned to join the company herself. Shotwell took the job two weeks later.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">&#91;11&#93;</a></sup> In December 2008, Shotwell was promoted to company president following her role in the successful negotiation of the first <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commercial_Resupply_Services" title="Commercial Resupply Services">Commercial Resupply Services</a> contract with the NASA Administrator (and former SpaceX contractor) <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Michael_D._Griffin" title="Michael D. Griffin">Mike Griffin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">&#91;12&#93;</a></sup> This followed SpaceX's first successful launch of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_1" title="Falcon 1">Falcon 1</a> on its fourth attempt earlier in the year.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">&#91;13&#93;</a></sup> She was responsible for leading the effort on building the Falcon Vehicle manifest to over 50 launches, generating $5 billion in revenue. This included a commercial connection to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a> for resupplying services, where they were able to deliver cargo and supplies to the astronauts.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> Shotwell is currently the President and COO of SpaceX, responsible for day-to-day operations and managing all customer and strategic relations to support company growth.<sup id="cite_ref-SpaceX_AsiaSat8_press_release_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SpaceX_AsiaSat8_press_release-14">&#91;14&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>She oversaw the first landing of an orbital rocket's first stage on land and on an ocean platform, the first relaunch and landing of a used orbital rocket, the first controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing, and the first re-flight of a commercial cargo spacecraft.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> SpaceX has a multibillion-dollar contract with NASA to deliver astronauts and science instruments to the International Space Station. On May 30, 2020, SpaceX became the first private company to launch two astronauts to Earth orbit.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">&#91;15&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>On February 6, 2019, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Polaris_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Polaris Industries">Polaris Industries</a> announced that Shotwell would join their board of directors on March 1, 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">&#91;16&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Shotwell has served on the California Space Authority Board of Directors and its executive committee after she was elected in 2004. She has served as an officer on the AIAA Space Systems Technical Committee and participates in a variety of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Science,_technology,_engineering,_and_mathematics" title="Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics">STEM</a> related programs. She led a committee that raised over $350,000 in scholarships for the Frank J. Redd Student Competition over 6 years.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">&#91;17&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Public_outreach">Public outreach</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Gwynne_Shotwell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Public outreach">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Shotwell gave a TEDx Talk at TEDxChapmanU in June 2013 on the importance of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Science,_technology,_engineering,_and_mathematics" title="Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics">science, technology, engineering, and mathematics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TEDxChampanUGwynneShotwell_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TEDxChampanUGwynneShotwell-18">&#91;18&#93;</a></sup> She speaks regularly to business audiences and gave a talk for the "Captains of Industry" series at the Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security in June 2014 on private entrepreneurial accomplishments in advancing spaceflight technology.<sup id="cite_ref-AtlanticCouncil20140604_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AtlanticCouncil20140604-19">&#91;19&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>At the 2018 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/TED_(conference)" title="TED (conference)">TED conference</a>, Shotwell was interviewed by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chris_Anderson_(entrepreneur)" title="Chris Anderson (entrepreneur)">Chris Anderson</a> about the future plans of SpaceX.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">&#91;20&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>At the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grace_Hopper_Celebration_of_Women_in_Computing" title="Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing">Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing</a> on September 28, 2018, Shotwell's talk was titled "Launching Our Future" and she discussed her vision and advancements for aerospace technology, as well as why diversity and the inclusion of women are necessary to advance as a society.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">&#91;21&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Personal_life">Personal life</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Gwynne_Shotwell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Shotwell is married to Robert Shotwell, an engineer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. She has two children from her first marriage to Leon Gurevich.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">&#91;22&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Honors_and_awards">Honors and awards</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Gwynne_Shotwell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Honors and awards">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li>2012: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women_in_Technology_International" title="Women in Technology International">Women in Technology International</a> Hall of Fame<sup id="cite_ref-AtlanticCouncil20140604_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AtlanticCouncil20140604-19">&#91;19&#93;</a></sup></li> <li>2017: <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Satellite_Executive_of_the_Year&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Satellite Executive of the Year (page does not exist)">Satellite Executive of the Year</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">&#91;23&#93;</a></sup></li> <li>2018: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>' America's Top 50 Women In Tech<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">&#91;24&#93;</a></sup></li> <li>2020: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> 100 most influential people<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">&#91;25&#93;</a></sup></li> <li>2020: Satellite Executive of the Year<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">&#91;26&#93;</a></sup></li> <li>2020: Elected a member of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Academy_of_Engineering" title="National Academy of Engineering">National Academy of Engineering</a> in 2020 for bringing affordable, commercially competitive space transportation to NASA and the US National Security Space Launch.</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Gwynne_Shotwell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/march-2018/2017-satellite-executive-of-the-year-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo-spacex">the original</a> on May 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 29,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=2017+Satellite+Executive+of+the+Year%3A+Gwynne+Shotwell%2C+President+and+COO%2C+SpaceX&amp;rft.aulast=Holmes&amp;rft.aufirst=Mark&amp;rft.au=Hill%2C+Jeffrey&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finteractive.satellitetoday.com%2Fvia%2Fmarch-2018%2F2017-satellite-executive-of-the-year-gwynne-shotwell-president-and-coo-spacex&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGwynne+Shotwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/profile/gwynne-shotwell/?list=top-tech-women-america">"Gwynne Shotwell"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200605010741/https://www.forbes.com/profile/gwynne-shotwell/?list=top-tech-women-america">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Forbes&amp;rft.atitle=Gwynne+Shotwell&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fprofile%2Fgwynne-shotwell%2F%3Flist%3Dtop-tech-women-america&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGwynne+Shotwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"/><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/">"Gwynne Shotwell: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020"</a>. <i>Time</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210116071313/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888439/gwynne-shotwell/">Archived</a> from the original on January 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Time&amp;rft.atitle=Gwynne+Shotwell%3A+The+100+Most+Influential+People+of+2020&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2Fcollection%2F100-most-influential-people-2020%2F5888439%2Fgwynne-shotwell%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGwynne+Shotwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/may-2021/a-conversation-with-gwynne-shotwell-2020-satellite-executive-of-the-year/">"A Conversation With Gwynne Shotwell, 2020 Satellite Executive of the Year"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210501100844/http://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/may-2021/a-conversation-with-gwynne-shotwell-2020-satellite-executive-of-the-year/">Archived</a> from the original on May 1, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Commercial Spaceflight. Event occurs at 2:43:15–3:10:05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2016</span>. <q>(after 2:53:00, and a review of video of several failed attempts to land a booster rocket on a drone ship, and then a successful return of an orbital first stage to a landing pad) It's awesome. You know, I don't think you get that kind of thrill in banking. It's extraordinary.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Gwynne+Shotwell+comments+at+Commercial+Space+Transportation+Conference&amp;rft.pub=Commercial+Spaceflight&amp;rft.date=2016-02-03&amp;rft.aulast=Shotwell&amp;rft.aufirst=Gwynne&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D2cT7_iySwP8%3Ft%3D9000&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGwynne+Shotwell" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_1" title="Falcon 1">Falcon 1</a></li> <li>Falcon 9 <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.0" title="Falcon 9 v1.0">v1.0</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.1" title="Falcon 9 v1.1">v1.1</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_9_Full_Thrust" title="Falcon 9 Full Thrust">"Full Thrust" v1.2</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_9_Full_Thrust#Block_4" title="Falcon 9 Full Thrust">Block 4</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_1e" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 1e">Falcon 1e</a>*</li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 5">Falcon 5</a>*</li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_9_Air" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 9 Air">Falcon 9 Air</a>*</li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_launch_vehicles#BFR_and_ITS" title="SpaceX launch vehicles">BFR and ITS</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/SpaceX-Logo-Xonly.svg/100px-SpaceX-Logo-Xonly.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="38" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/SpaceX-Logo-Xonly.svg/150px-SpaceX-Logo-Xonly.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/SpaceX-Logo-Xonly.svg/200px-SpaceX-Logo-Xonly.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="41" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spacecraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cargo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon" title="SpaceX Dragon">Dragon 1 Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon_2" title="SpaceX Dragon 2">Dragon 2 Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX#Dragon_spacecraft" title="SpaceX">Dragon XL</a>*</li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Starship" title="SpaceX Starship">Starship</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon_2" title="SpaceX Dragon 2">Dragon 2 Crew</a> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crew_Dragon_Endeavour" title="Crew Dragon Endeavour">C206 <i>Endeavour</i></a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crew_Dragon_Resilience" title="Crew Dragon Resilience">C207 <i>Resilience</i></a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crew_Dragon_Endurance" title="Crew Dragon Endurance">C210 <i>Endurance</i></a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crew_Dragon_Freedom" title="Crew Dragon Freedom">C212 <i>Freedom</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Starship" title="SpaceX Starship">Starship</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Test vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Starship_development_history#Starship_prototypes" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceX Starship development history">Starship prototypes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Grasshopper" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceX Grasshopper">Grasshopper</a></i></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/F9R_Dev1" class="mw-redirect" title="F9R Dev1">F9R Dev1</a>†</li> <li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dragon_2_DragonFly" title="Dragon 2 DragonFly">DragonFly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Starhopper" class="mw-redirect" title="Starhopper">Starhopper</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unflown</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/F9R_Dev2" class="mw-redirect" title="F9R Dev2">F9R Dev2</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_rocket_engines" title="SpaceX rocket engines">Rocket engines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Merlin" title="SpaceX Merlin">Merlin</a> <ul><li>1A</li> <li>1B*</li> <li>1C</li> <li>1D</li> <li>Vacuum</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Kestrel" title="SpaceX Kestrel">Kestrel</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Draco" title="SpaceX Draco">Draco</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SuperDraco" title="SuperDraco">SuperDraco</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Raptor" title="SpaceX Raptor">Raptor</a> <ul><li>1</li> <li>2</li> <li>Vacuum</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:SpaceX_missions_and_payloads" title="Template:SpaceX missions and payloads">Lists of missions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_1#Launch_history" title="Falcon 1">Falcon 1</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Falcon_9_and_Falcon_Heavy_launches" title="List of Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launches">Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy</a> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Falcon_9_and_Falcon_Heavy_launches_(2010%E2%80%932019)" title="List of Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launches (2010–2019)">2010–2019</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Starlink" title="Starlink">Starlink</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_SpaceX_Starship_launches" class="mw-redirect" title="List of SpaceX Starship launches">Starship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_launch_facilities" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceX launch facilities">Launch facilities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orbital</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Canaveral Space Force Station">CCSFS</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Space_Launch_Complex_40" title="Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 40">SLC-40</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">KSC</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39A" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A">LC-39A</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Force_Base" title="Vandenberg Space Force Base">VSFB</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Launch_Complex_4#SLC-4E" title="Vandenberg Space Launch Complex 4">SLC-4E</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Ballistic_Missile_Defense_Test_Site" title="Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site">Omelek Island</a>†</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Atmospheric</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_launch_facilities#SpaceX_rocket_development_and_test_facility,_McGregor,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceX launch facilities">McGregor</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_launch_facilities#SpaceX_high-altitude_test_facility,_New_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceX launch facilities">New Mexico</a>†</li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_South_Texas_launch_site" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceX South Texas launch site">Starbase</a> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boca_Chica_Village,_Texas" title="Boca Chica Village, Texas">Boca Chica</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landing sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Autonomous_spaceport_drone_ship" title="Autonomous spaceport drone ship">Autonomous spaceport drone ships</a></li> <li>Landing Zones <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Landing_Zones_1_and_2" title="Landing Zones 1 and 2">LZ-1 and LZ-2</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base_Space_Launch_Complex_4#LZ-4" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg Air Force Base Space Launch Complex 4">LZ-4</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX#Headquarters_and_rocket_manufacturing_plant" title="SpaceX">Headquarters and factory</a> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hawthorne,_California" title="Hawthorne, California">Hawthorne, California</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_launch_facilities#SpaceX_Rocket_Development_and_Test_Facility,_McGregor,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceX launch facilities">Rocket development and test facility</a> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/McGregor,_Texas" title="McGregor, Texas">McGregor, Texas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_satellite_development_facility" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceX satellite development facility">Satellite development facility</a> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Redmond,_Washington" title="Redmond, Washington">Redmond, Washington</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX#Regional_offices" title="SpaceX">Regional offices</a> <ul><li>Chantilly, Houston, Seattle, Washington DC</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Megan_(ship)" title="Megan (ship)">Megan</a></i> (recovery ship)</li> <li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shannon_(ship)" title="Shannon (ship)">Shannon</a></i> (recovery ship)</li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_fairing_recovery_program" title="SpaceX fairing recovery program">SpaceX fairing recovery program</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contracts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commercial_Orbital_Transportation_Services" title="Commercial Orbital Transportation Services">Commercial Orbital Transportation Services</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commercial_Resupply_Services" title="Commercial Resupply Services">Commercial Resupply Services</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commercial_Crew_Program" title="Commercial Crew Program">Commercial Crew Program</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Commercial Lunar Payload Services">Commercial Lunar Payload Services</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gateway_Logistics_Services" title="Gateway Logistics Services">Gateway Logistics Services</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Starship_HLS" title="Starship HLS">Starship HLS</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Polaris_program" title="Polaris program">Polaris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">R&amp;D programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_reusable_launch_system_development_program" title="SpaceX reusable launch system development program">Reusability</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Falcon_9_first-stage_landing_tests" title="Falcon 9 first-stage landing tests">Falcon 9 landing tests</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Red_Dragon" title="SpaceX Red Dragon">Red Dragon</a> (canceled)</li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SpaceX_Mars_program" title="SpaceX Mars program">Mars transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a> (CEO, CTO)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gwynne Shotwell</a> (President and COO)</li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_Mueller" title="Tom Mueller">Tom Mueller</a> (former VP of Propulsion Development)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commercial_astronaut" title="Commercial astronaut">Commercial astronaut</a></li> <li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Countdown:_Inspiration4_Mission_to_Space" title="Countdown: Inspiration4 Mission to Space">Countdown: Inspiration4 Mission to Space</a></i> (2021 docuseries)</li> <li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Return_to_Space" title="Return to Space">Return to Space</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>* denotes unflown vehicles or engines, and future missions or sites. † denotes failed missions, destroyed vehicles, and abandoned sites. <div class="hlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Category" width="16" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:SpaceX" title="Category:SpaceX">Category</a></b></li><li><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Commons page" width="12" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:SpaceX" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:SpaceX">Commons</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"/><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1557944#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1557944#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1557944#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" class="noprint" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/40155563952313000596">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no2019049694/">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2019049694">United States</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>'
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node)
false
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp)
'1678901353'
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:AbuseLog/34660623"