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'{{short description|none}} {{More citations needed|date=February 2021}} {{Infobox official post | post = Supreme SA Leader | body = | native_name = {{small|{{lang|de|Oberster SA-Führer}}}} | insignia = SA-Logo (no white background).svg | insigniasize = 75 | insigniacaption = | insigniaalt = | flag = | flagsize = | flagalt = | flagborder = | flagcaption = | image = Adolf Hitler cropped restored.jpg | imagesize = | alt = | imagecaption = '''Longest serving<br />[[Adolf Hitler]]'''<br />2 September 1930 – 30 April 1945 | department = ''[[Sturmabteilung]]'' | style = | type = | status = | abbreviation = | member_of = {{lang|de|Oberste SA-Führung}} | reports_to = Adolf Hitler | residence = | seat = | nominator = | appointer = Adolf Hitler | appointer_qualified = | termlength = Not fixed | termlength_qualified = | constituting_instrument = | precursor = | formation = February 1920 | first = [[Emil Maurice]] | last = [[Adolf Hitler]] | abolished = 30 April 1945 | succession = | unofficial_names = | deputy = {{lang|de|[[Stabschef]]}} | salary = | website = | footnotes = }} The '''Supreme SA Leader''' ({{lang-de|Oberster SA-Führer}}), was the titular head of the [[Nazi Party]]'s paramilitary group, the {{lang|de|[[Sturmabteilung]]}} (SA). ==History== {{expand section|date=January 2021}} To centralize the loyalty of the SA, Hitler personally assumed command of the entire organization in 1930 and remained {{lang|de|Oberster SA-Führer}} for the duration of the group's existence. After 1931, those who held the rank of {{lang|de|[[Stabschef]]}}, such as [[Ernst Röhm]], were accepted as the commanders of the SA.{{sfn|McNab|2009|pp=14, 15}} ===Insignia=== he had a tiny penis and was gay The {{lang|de|Oberster SA-Führer}} had no particular uniform insignia and was a [[paramilitary]] title that could be denoted in a variety of ways. Göring, for instance, created an elaborate uniform, with swastika armband accompanied with white service stripes. In contrast, Maurice wore simply a brown Nazi storm-trooper shirt with no insignia, as did Hitler when he held the title of {{lang|de|Oberster SA-Führer}}.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}} ==List of officeholders== {{Officeholder table start | showorder = y | showimage = y | image_title = Portrait | officeholder_title = ''Oberster SA-Führer'' | showtermlenght = y | showelection = n | showcabinet = n | party_col = 1 | showref = y }} {{Officeholder table | order2 = {{white|1}} | image = Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1980-073-19A, Emil Maurice.jpg | military_rank = | officeholder = [[Emil Maurice]] | officeholder_sort = Maurice, Emil | born_year = 1897 | died_year = 1972 | term_start = February 1920 | term_end = August 1921 | timeinoffice = {{age in years and months|1920|02|1|1921|08|1}} | alt_party = Nazi Party | ref = {{sfn|McNab|2009|p=14}} }} {{Officeholder table | order2 = {{white|2}} | image = | military_rank = | officeholder = [[Hans Ulrich Klintzsch]] | officeholder_sort = Klintzsch, Hans Ulrich | born_year = 1898 | died_year = 1959 | term_start = October 1921 | term_end = February 1923 | timeinoffice = {{age in years and months|1921|10|1|1923|02|1}} | alt_party = Nazi Party | ref = {{sfn|McNab|2009|p=14}} }} {{Officeholder table | order2 = {{white|3}} | image = Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13805, Hermann Göring.jpg | military_rank = | officeholder = [[Hermann Göring]] | officeholder_sort = Göring, Hermann | born_year = 1893 | died_year = 1946 | term_start = February 1923 | term_end = November 1923 | timeinoffice = {{age in years and months|1923|02|1|1923|11|1}} | alt_party = Nazi Party | ref = {{sfn|McNab|2009|p=14}} }} |-style="text-align:center;" | colspan=9| '''None'''<br/>(November 1923 – 1 November 1926){{efn|The NSDAP and its organs and instruments (including the {{lang|de|[[Völkischer Beobachter]]}} and the SA) were banned in Bavaria (and other parts of Germany) following Hitler's abortive attempt to overthrow the [[Weimar Republic|{{lang|de|Weimar|italic=no|nocat=y}} Republic]] in the [[Beer Hall Putsch]] in November 1923. The Bavarian ban was lifted in February 1925 after Hitler pledged to adhere to legal and constitutional means in his quest for political power. ''See {{lang|de|[[Verbotzeit]].|italic=unset}}'' Though charged with the leadership of the SA in August 1926, Pfeffer von Salomon was not formally appointed ''Oberster SA-Führer'' until 1 November 1926.{{sfn|Miller|Schulz|2017|p=353}}}} |- {{Officeholder table | order2 = {{white|4}} | image = Bundesarchiv Bild 119-1587A, Franz von Pfeffer.jpg | military_rank = | officeholder = [[Franz Pfeffer von Salomon]] | officeholder_sort = Pfeffer von Salomon, Franz | born_year = 1888 | died_year = 1968 | term_start = 1 November 1926 | term_end = 29 August 1930{{efn|Pfeffer von Salomon submitted a letter of resignation on 12 August 1930, effective 29 August. Hitler accepted the resignation and named himself as ''Oberste SA-Führer'' effective 2 September.{{sfn|Höffkes|1986|p=249}}}} | timeinoffice = {{age in years and months|1926|11|01|1930|08|29}} | alt_party = Nazi Party | ref = {{sfn|Höffkes|1986|p=249}} }} {{Officeholder table | order2 = {{white|5}} | image = Adolf Hitler cropped restored.jpg | military_rank = | officeholder = [[Adolf Hitler]] | officeholder_sort = Hitler, Adolf | born_year = 1889 | died_year = 1945 | died = y | term_start = 2 September 1930 | term_end = [[Death of Adolf Hitler|30 April 1945]] | timeinoffice = {{age in years and months|1930|09|02|1945|04|30}} | alt_party = Nazi Party | ref = {{sfn|Höffkes|1986|p=249}} }} {{Officeholder table end}} == See also == * [[Stabschef]] * [[Uniforms and insignia of the Sturmabteilung]] * [[List of SS personnel]] == Notes == {{notelist}} == References == {{reflist}} == Bibliography == {{refbegin}} *{{cite book| first=Karl |last=Höffkes |title= Hitlers Politische Generale. Die Gauleiter des Dritten Reiches: ein biographisches Nachschlagewerk |publisher=Grabert-Verlag |location=Tübingen |year= 1986 |isbn=3-87847-163-7}} *{{cite book |last1=McNab |first1=Chris |title=The Third Reich |publisher=Amber Books Ltd |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-906626-51-8 }} *{{cite book |last1= Miller |first1= Michael D. |last2= Schulz |first2= Andreas |title= Gauleiter: The Regional Leaders of the Nazi Party and Their Deputies, 1925-1945 |volume=II (Georg Joel - Dr. Bernhard Rust) |publisher= R. James Bender Publishing |year= 2017 |isbn=978-1-932970-32-6}} {{refend}} {{SA commanders}} [[Category:Nazi paramilitary ranks]] [[Category:Sturmabteilung]] {{Nazi-stub}}'