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'{{Short description|Brazilian politician (1938–2007)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=September 2019}} {{Expand Portuguese|Enéas Carneiro|date=November 2018|topic=bio}} {{Infobox officeholder | image = Eneas33010.jpg | honorific-prefix = | name = Enéas Ferreira Carneiro | honorific-suffix = | office = [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Federal deputy]] for [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]] | term_start = January 1, 2003 | term_end = May 6, 2007 | birth_date = November 5, 1938<ref name="OESP20070507">{{cite news | newspaper = O Estado de S. Paulo | language = pt | date = May 7, 2007 | access-date = May 2, 2015 | page = A6 | last = Assunção | first = Moacir | title = Parlamentar obteve maior número de votos no país |trans-title=Representative got the biggest number of votes in the country | url = http://acervo.estadao.com.br/pagina/#!/20070507-41474-spo-6-pol-a6-not/busca/En%C3%A9as+Carneiro }}</ref> | birth_place = [[Rio Branco, Acre|Rio Branco]], [[Acre (state)|Acre]], [[Brazil]]<ref name="OESP20070507" /> | death_date = {{death date and age|2007|5|6|1938|11|5|mf=yes}}<ref name="OESP20070507" /> | death_place = [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brazil]]<ref name="OESP20070507" /> | alma_mater = [[Federal University of Rio de Janeiro|Medicine and Surgery School of Rio de Janeiro]]<ref name="OESP20070507" /> | profession = [[Cardiologist]]<br>[[Physicist]]<br>Mathematician<br>Professor<br>Writer<br>Politician<br>Military | party = [[Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order|PRONA]] (1989–2006)<br />[[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|PR]] (2006–07) | allegiance = {{BRA}} | branch = [[File:Coat of arms of the Brazilian Army.svg|21px]] [[Brazilian Army]] | serviceyears = 1959–1965 | rank = [[File:3 Sargento EB.jpg|20px]] [[Sergeant]] | commands = }} {{Conservatism in Brazil|Politicians}} '''Enéas Ferreira Carneiro''' ({{IPA-pt|eˈnɛ(jj)ɐs feˈʁejɾɐ kaʁˈnejɾu|br}}; November 5, 1938 – May 6, 2007) was a Brazilian polymath, cardiologist,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www2.camara.leg.br/deputados/pesquisa|title=Quem são|website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados|language=pt-br|access-date=24 November 2018}}</ref> physicist, mathematician, professor, writer, military serviceman and politician.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www2.camara.leg.br/agencia/noticias/102558.html|title=Saiba mais sobre a vida de Enéas|website=www2.camara.leg.br|access-date=24 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.partidodarepublica.org.br/partido/NOTICIAS_REPUBLICANAS_2007/noticias_2007_545.html|title=Partido da República – BRASIL PERDE DR. ENÉAS CARNEIRO|website=partidodarepublica.org.br|date=June 21, 2018 |access-date=24 November 2018}}</ref> He represented the state of [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]] in the [[Chamber of Deputies of Brazil|National Chamber of Deputies]] (the lower house of the [[National Congress of Brazil|National Congress]]) and ran for [[President of Brazil|presidency]] three times. He was founder and leader of the [[Nationalism|nationalist]]<ref>{{Cite book|title=State Crisis in Fragile Democracies: Polarization and Political Regimes in South America|last=Handlin|first=Samuel|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2017|isbn=978-1108415422|pages=126}}</ref> and conservative<ref>{{Cite book|title=The political right in postauthoritarian Brazil : elites, institutions, and democratization|last=Power|first=Timothy J.|date=2000|publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press|isbn=978-0585380889|location=University Park, Pa.|oclc=48140088}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.boston.com/news/globe/obituaries/articles/2007/05/07/eneas_carneiro_ran_for_president_in_brazil/?rss_id=Boston+Globe+--+Obituaries|title=Eneas Carneiro; ran for president in Brazil – The Boston Globe|website=Boston Globe|access-date=24 November 2018}}</ref> [[Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order]] (PRONA), which was usually seen as being [[Far-right politics|far-right]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://br.geocities.com/eneaspresidente/istoe.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312050202/http://br.geocities.com/eneaspresidente/istoe.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 12, 2007|title=Entrevista – Revista Isto é|date=March 12, 2007|access-date=January 22, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-40833881|title=O retorno de Enéas, ícone da extrema-direita e 'herói' de Bolsonaro|first=João|last=Fellet|date=August 7, 2017|newspaper=BBC News Brasil|access-date=January 22, 2019|publisher=BBC}}</ref> == Early life == Enéas was born and raised in [[Acre (state)|Acre]], in Brazil's far west. He lost his father at the age of nine and had to work to support his brothers and his mother. In 1958 he left Acre to begin studies in [[Rio de Janeiro]], graduating in physics and mathematics. In 1959 he became an auxiliary [[anesthesiology|anesthesiologist]]. In 1965 he received a medical degree from the Rio de Janeiro College of Medicine, with a specialty in [[cardiology]]. His academic pursuits, however, were not confined to medicine, and he has written articles on diverse subjects, including philosophy, [[logic]] and [[robotics]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2018}} In 1980, he received a medical degree from the Cancer Hospital of Rio de Janeiro. == Political career == In 1989 he established [[PRONA]]. In that same year he ran for the presidency in Brazil's first direct elections after the end of [[History of Brazil#Military rule|military rule]]. Under the electoral laws, every candidate was given a daily amount of free airtime to set out their agenda. As the amount of airtime was proportional to the candidate's party political size, PRONA only got roughly 15 seconds of airtime for each TV appearance. Nevertheless, he made the most of the opportunity. His exotic image – he was a small, [[bald]] man with a large beard and thick "coke-bottle" [[glasses]] — drew attention, as did his inflamed speech. In what would become his trademark, he finished it with the catchphrase ''Meu nome é Enéas'' ("My name is Enéas") — perhaps a gesture of humility or informality, or perhaps a way to save valuable time. The previously unknown politician was placed 12th out of a field of 21 candidates. He returned in 1994, making use then of 1 minute and 17 seconds. Surprising political experts, he finished ahead of various established politicians, such as the then-governor of [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]] ([[Leonel Brizola]]), the former governor of [[São Paulo]] ([[Orestes Quércia]]), and the then-governor of [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]] ([[Esperidião Amin]]), with more than 4.6&nbsp;million votes. In 1998, Enéas got 35 seconds – less, in total airtime, than what he had in 1989 – to deliver a speech that was more nationalistic than ever. Its ideas, such as the construction of an [[atomic bomb]], [[nationalization]] of Brazil's mineral resources, and increasing the [[Military of Brazil|military]] budget, sparked controversy. According to him, with such apparatus Brazil could impose its interests in the UN and other international treatises. His project focused basically on education, believing that only a strong, interventionist and technical State would solve Brazil's problems. Although many may label him as an authoritarian, his political approach is similar to a social democracy like in Sweden and Finland for example, where the State is extremely important. In 2000 he ran for mayor of the city of [[São Paulo, São Paulo|São Paulo]], with no success, but he still managed to gain votes for the election of his councilman candidate [[Havanir Nimtz]]. In 2002 he ran for a seat as a federal deputy, representing São Paulo, and secured the most-ever votes for that office. His party won enough votes, through the proportionality system, to elect five more deputies. Enéas also participated actively in elections for mayors and councilmen in 2004, helping to choose councilmen in some major cities, such as Rio and São Paulo, and mayors in small cities. In 2006 he was elected again as a federal deputy for São Paulo, this time with the third highest vote in the state. == Praise and criticism == Many saw Enéas as an exotic politician because of his direct criticism to Brazilians fraudulent politicians behavior. Enéas believed that by acting on TV what he called "the rage of the common citizen" would wake up Brazilian people against corrupt politicians.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/user/EneasTV|title=YouTube|via=YouTube|access-date=January 22, 2019}}</ref> == Death == Enéas underwent [[chemotherapy]] in a hospital for [[myeloid leukemia]]. When it became clear that his treatment was not resulting in improvements, he decided to return home, where he remained until his death. Enéas died on May 6, 2007, at approximately 2&nbsp;pm, in the [[Laranjeiras]] neighborhood of southern Rio de Janeiro. His remains were cremated and his ashes scattered over the [[Bay of Guanabara]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://g1.globo.com/Noticias/Politica/0,,MUL32252-5601,00.html|title=G1 > Política – Morre o deputado federal Enéas Carneiro|website=g1.globo.com|language=pt-br|access-date=24 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/brasil/ult96u91951.shtml|title=Folha Online – Brasil – Morre no Rio o deputado federal Enéas Carneiro – 06/05/2007|website=folha.uol.com.br|access-date=24 November 2018}}</ref> After his death, on May 8, 2007, Enéas was honored in a rally against abortion in [[Brasília]], on May 8, 2007. According to the Party of the Republic, the politician was one of the organizers of the event.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/brasil/fc0805200709.htm|title=Folha de S.Paulo – Memória: Enéas receberá homenagem em ato contra aborto – 08/05/2007|website=folha.uol.com.br|access-date=24 November 2018}}</ref> In 2017, the future President of Brazil [[Jair Bolsonaro]] proposed a bill to include Enéas' name in the [[Tancredo Neves Pantheon of the Fatherland and Freedom|Book of National Heroes]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.camara.gov.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2138858|title=Projetos de Lei e Outras Proposições – Inscreve o nome de Éneas Ferreira Carneiro no Livro dos Heróis da Pátria|website=camara.gov.br|language=pt-br|access-date=24 November 2018}}</ref> == See also == * [[Brazilian nationalism]] * [[Politics of Brazil]] == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == *[http://www2.camara.gov.br/agencia/noticias/102558.html Learn more about Enéas' life], in the [[Chamber of Deputies of Brazil]] official website (in Portuguese) {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Carneiro, Eneas}} [[Category:Brazilian anti-communists]] [[Category:Brazilian nationalists]] [[Category:Brazilian cardiologists]] [[Category:Deaths from myeloid leukemia]] [[Category:Deaths from cancer in Rio de Janeiro (state)]] [[Category:1938 births]] [[Category:2007 deaths]] [[Category:Conservatism in Brazil]] [[Category:People from Rio Branco, Acre]] [[Category:Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order politicians]] [[Category:Candidates for President of Brazil]] [[Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil) from São Paulo]] [[Category:Far-right politics in Brazil]]'