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{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{BLP sources|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|honorific-prefix = [[The Honourable]]
| name = Xavier Luc Duval
|honorific-suffix = {{small|[[Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean|GCSK]] {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FCA|MP}}}}
| image = Xavier-Luc Duval - World Economic Forum on Africa 2012 crop.jpg
| caption = Duval at the [[World Economic Forum]] on Africa in 2012
| order = 12th [[Leader of the Opposition (Mauritius)|Leader of the Opposition]]
| president = [[Prithvirajsing Roopun]]
| primeminister = [[Pravind Jugnauth]]
| term_start = 4 March 2021
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Arvin Boolell]]
| successor =
| president1 = [[Ameenah Gurib]]
| primeminister1= [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Pravind Jugnauth]]
| term_start1 = 20 December 2016
| term_end1 = 14 November 2019
| predecessor1 = [[Paul Bérenger]]
| successor1 = [[Arvin Boolell]]
| order2 = 10th [[Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius]]
| president2 = [[Dr. Ameenah Gurib-Fakim]]
| primeminister2= [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
| term_start2 = 17 December 2014
| term_end2 = 19 December 2016
| order3 = [[Ministry of Tourism (Mauritius)|Minister of Tourism]]
| president3 = [[Kailash Purryag]]
| primeminister3 = [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
| term_start3 = 17 December 2014
| term_end3 = 20 December 2016
| predecessor3 = Michael Sik Yuen
| successor3 = Ivan Collendavelloo
| president4 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
| primeminister4 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
| term_start4 = 5 July 2005
| term_end4 = 11 May 2010
| predecessor4 = Nando Bodha
| successor4 = Nando Bodha
| order5 = 1st [[Vice Prime Minister of Mauritius]]
| president5 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Kailash Purryag]]
| primeminister5= [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
| term_start5 = 5 July 2005
| term_end5 = 6 June 2014
| order6 = [[Minister of Finance of Mauritius|Minister of Finance]]
| president6 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Kailash Purryag]]
| primeminister6 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
| term_start6 = 7 August 2011
| term_end6 = 6 June 2014
| predecessor6 = [[Pravind Jugnauth]]
| successor6 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1958|1|28}}
| birth_place =
| spouse = Marie Jennifer Duval
| children = Adrien Charles Duval, Stephanie Duval, Alexandre Duval
| party = [[Militant Socialist Movement]] (1987) <br /> [[Mauritian Party of Xavier-Luc Duval]] (1995–2009) <br /> [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] (2009–present)
| occupation = Accountant
| website = [http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/MOFSite/menuitem.911dbbfb6f1060e7e3b7a887a0208a0c/ The Minister]
}}
'''Charles Gaëtan Xavier Luc Duval''' (born 28 January 1958) is a Mauritian politician who is the present Leader of the Opposition and was also [[Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius]] in the cabinet of [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]] from December 2014 to December 2016. He was also [[Ministry of Tourism (Mauritius)|Minister of Tourism & External Communications]] and serves as 1st Member of Parliament elected from Constituency No 18 [[Constituencies of Mauritius|Belle Rose & Quatres Bornes]]. He is the leader of the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] (PMSD). His party has 4 MPs at parliament and he succeeded [[Arvin Boolell]] as Leader of Opposition on 4 March 2021.
He served as Vice Prime Minister in the cabinet of [[Navin Ramgoolam]] from 2005 to June 2014. He was previously Minister of Tourism from 2005 to 2010, Minister of Social Integration from 2010 to 2011 and Minister of Finance and Economic Development from 2011 to 2014.
His first candidacy was in 1987 where he was elected to serve as Member of Parliament for [[Constituencies of Mauritius|Constituency No 4, Port Louis North & Montagne Longue]]. He was candidate of the [[Militant Socialist Movement|MSM]], part of the [[Militant Socialist Movement|MSM]]/[[Labour Party (Mauritius)|Labour Party]] alliance led by Jugnauth.<ref>http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Pages/1987/Elected-Members-1987.aspx</ref>
He later joined the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] and stood as candidate for the 1991 elections where he was not elected under the [[Labour Party (Mauritius)|Labour Party]]/[[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] alliance. He later stood as candidate in 1995 under the 'Parti Geatan Duval' in constituency no 17, Curepipe and Midlands.<ref>[http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Documents/1995/allyr95.pdf 1995 election result] gov.mu {{dead link|date=September 2023}}</ref>
On 10 September 1997 Xavier Luc Duval was expelled from the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party|PMSD]] by his uncle and leader of the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party|PMSD]], Hervé Duval with the support of other members of the ''bureau politique'' of the PMSD, namely Maurice Allet, Germain Comarmond, Clifford Empeigne, Mamade Khodabaccus and Vyolet Mootia. This expulsion prompted Xavier Duval to create his own party [[Mauritian Party of Xavier-Luc Duval|PMXD]] in 1999.<ref>{{cite web |title=Il y a 21 ans: Xavier Duval est expulsé du PMSD |url=https://lexpress.mu/article/338896/il-y-21-ans-xavier-duval-est-expulse-pmsd |publisher=L'Express |access-date=2018-09-10}}</ref> The PMXD was dissolved in 2009 to merge with the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]]. He was then elected leader of the party. His party was in alliance with the Labour Party in 2005 and 2010. Due to the alliance between the Labour Party and MMM in 2014 elections, he resigned as minister on 6 June 2014 and aligned with the [[Militant Socialist Movement|MSM]] to form the coalition of MSM–PMSD–ML, also known as ''Alliance Lepep'', which then won a landslide victory. He held the title of [[Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius|Deputy Prime Minister]] from December 2014 to December 2016 under Prime Minister [[Anerood Jugnauth]].
==Early life and family life==
Xavier Luc Duval is the son of Sir [[Gaetan Duval]], former leader of the opposition, later Deputy Prime Minister, leader of the PMSD and also founder of defunct ''Parti Gaëtan Duval''.
Xavier Duval is married to Marie Jennifer Duval and is father of three children; Stephanie Duval, Alexandre Duval and Adrien Duval.<ref>{{cite web |title=ICAC – Declaration of assets Act: Aucune valeur monétaire attribuée aux avoirs des élus de 2014 et 2019 |url=https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/icac-declaration-of-assets-act-aucune-valeur-monetaire-attribuee-aux-avoirs-des-elus-de-2014-et-2019/320671/ |publisher=Le Mauricien |access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=N°17 Curepipe Midlands: La Ville Lumière redevient bleue! |url=https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/n-17-curepipemidlands-la-ville-lumiere-redevient-bleue/47588/ |publisher=Le Mauricien |access-date=2014-12-12}}</ref>
==Education and Professional career==
Xavier Luc Duval holds a degree in Economics from the University of Leeds in England. B.A. Hons. Econ University of Leeds, U.K and is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, [[F.C.A]]. During his professional career, he was a founding partner of Coopers & Lybrand and Director Abacus Financial Services. He was previously a partner at Haskins and Sells Mauritius and a founder and managing director of The Financial Training Company [[Mauritius]] Limited and Halifax Management Limited.
In October 2000, he became senior partner at Nexia, Baker & Arenson, the Mauritian representative firm of Nexia International, a worldwide network of accountants and consultants employing some 12,000 professionals in 76 countries worldwide. He held this position at Nexia Mauritius until 2006.
==Political career==
Firstly elected as member of parliament in 1987, he was minister in 1995 in the government of Sir Anerood Jugnauth as Minister of Industry and Tourism, then became Minister of Industry, Commerce, Corporate Affairs & Financial Services in the Government led by the Mauritius Labour Party, between 1999 and 2000. He was then Minister of Tourism, Leisure and External Communications from 2005 to 2010, in the coalition again with the MLP and Minister of Social Integration from 2010 to 2011. He serves as Member of Parliament for constituency No 18, Belle Rose and Quatre Bornes since 2005.
==Minister of Tourism (2005-2010)==
As Minister of Tourism and External Communication, Xavier-Luc Duval contributed to boost the image de marque of the destination culminating in a record in growth of tourist arrivals and revenues in 2008. During his time in office he also introduced a New Tourism Act enhanced regulations and improving the business climate to boost the tourism sector.
In 2006 with the creation of the Festival International Kreol, Xavier-Luc Duval aimed at promoting creole culture through poetry, dance and music. The festival has become a yearly event, with participation of international creole artists such as Compagnie Creole, Zouk Machine, Images, and Shaggy as well as Mauritian groups such as [[Sanedhip Bhimjee]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Festival International Kreol 2014—XAVIER-LUC DUVAL: « si le tourisme va bien, tout va bien » |url=https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/festival-international-kreol-2014-xavier-luc-duval-si-tourisme-va-bien-tout-va-bien/47159/ |publisher=Le Mauricien |access-date=2014-12-20}}</ref>
During his mandate at the Ministry of Tourism, tremendous work was done to upgrade a large number of sites, including touristic sites and residential areas, especially some places like Roche-Bois for a better integration on the train of development.
==Minister of Social Integration (2010-2011)==
Xavier-Luc Duval was given the responsibility to launch the Ministry of Social Integration Economic Empowerment after the general elections of 2010. He created a new policy for social housing, launched a new program for the integration of the young children at grass root level, encouraged the empowerment of women and identifying new talents in vulnerable groups (through sports and arts), as economic empowerment gained a new impetus under his leadership.
==Minister of Finance and Economic Development (2011-2014)==
When he was appointed [[Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (Mauritius)|Finance Minister]] in mid-2011, Duval did not lose sight of social integration. In his successive Budgets in 2012 2013 and 2014 huge support has been given to the vulnerable groups, especially in the fields of housing and education. Special schemes include the construction of concrete cum CIS houses in poor areas or abolition of fees for the purchase of land. Financial support is given to the needy children who attend school, day care centres are created in specific areas. Generally, all students of Form 4 and Form 5 are now entitled to own a tablet.
Fishermen involved in low scale fisheries are encouraged to enrol in aquaculture projects. They also benefit of VAT refund on their equipment and boats. This is also the case for small planters.
Hon. Duval has also been very active in promoting youth employment and measures He launched a Youth Employment Programme in 2013 which has already employed more than 5,000 youth. Support to SMEs is another aspect which he is very sensible to, especially with regards to access to finance. He has introduced a special scheme with the partnership of commercial banks.
More importantly, Hon. Duval has geared the economy safely with Mauritius maintaining sound economic fundamentals as the growth is, against all odds, at 3.2%, and inflation under control at 3.6% Unemployment rate is at 8.3%. Total investments for 2013 is totalling Rs 10 billion.
In his successive Budgets Hon. Duval has emphasised on the importance of technology. Various measures have been introduced to increase internet penetration and the use of technology at school, in enterprises, at home and in various public services. E-payment is now a reality at the Mauritius Revenue Authority, tablets and wifi have been introduced at school.
Hon. Duval's vision is to make Mauritius movie towards a higher wage economy. The country is already a renowned financial centre of excellence and the Minister of Finance has spared no efforts to improve its legal framework. He has also given impetus to new sectors by introducing frameworks for the film industry and bunkering services.
But the trademark of Hon. Duval is undeniably his African policy and his continuous efforts to promote Mauritius as a gateway to the continent for investment, promotional activities, support to enterprises, networking and training.
He has launched the African Centre of Excellence in 2012 which provides information, encourages networking, and facilitates projects in Africa. 15 projects are already on going and 50 others are in the pipeline. The Mauritius Africa Fund has been launched this year to on stimulate Mauritian investment into Africa. The Export Guarantee Scheme, for export oriented enterprises to invest in Africa.
As Minister of Finance, Duval has twice been voted as African Finance Minister of the Year by Africa Investor – 2012 and 2013 as well as African Finance Minister of the Year by African Leadership Magazine in 2012.
In 2013 he has been chosen as chairman Global Advisory Board by African Leadership Network. He also received the Distinguished Foreign Business Leadership Award by the Villanova Business School of the University of Villanova in Philadelphia, USA in 2012. In October 2013, he has been elevated to the rank of Commandeur de l'Ordre National de l'Etoile Equatoriale by President [[Ali Bongo Ondimba]] of Gabon.
Africans are also encouraged to take advantage of what Mauritius has to offer with specific schemes for training. Above all, visa requirements have been waived for 50 out of 54 African countries which is a testimony of Mauritius' intention to play a major role as the perfect meeting point in Africa.
==Controversies==
===2000 Transfer of state funds to Swiss Bank===
On 22 March 2000, when he was part of the Labour-PMSD coalition, Xavier-Luc Duval's advisor [[Éric Stauffer]] made revelations about the transfer of large amounts of state funds belonging to Mauritius to a Swiss bank account. In preparation for the 1999 General Elections campaign [[Éric Stauffer]] also bought and shipped 3 fire-arms from Geneva to Mauritius. Although the fire-arms were illegal Duval managed to organise their clearance by Mauritian customs. [[Éric Stauffer]] also revealed that then Minister of Commerce Xavier-Luc Duval spent public taxpayers' funds to pay for international tourist trips during which Duval and his mistress Carole Hardy traveled to the Alps. Carole Hardy, the daughter of Miki Hardy, leader of religious sect ''Église Chrétienne'', was also employed by Xavier-Luc Duval as his Communications Adviser. Mauritian authorities suspected ''Église Chrétienne'' to be also involved in child kidnappings.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Koller |first1=Frédéric |title=En dénonçant un scandale, un Genevois met l'île Maurice sens dessus dessous |url=https://www.letemps.ch/societe/denoncant-un-scandale-un-genevois-met-lile-maurice-sens-dessus-dessous |newspaper=Le Temps |date=13 April 2000 |access-date=2001-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Hope |first1=Béatrice |title=Miki Hardy: "L'Eglise chrétienne ne recherche les faveurs d'aucun politicien" |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/miki-hardy-%C2%ABl%E2%80%99eglise-chr%C3%A9tienne-ne-recherche-les-faveurs-d%E2%80%99aucun-politicien%C2%BB |publisher=L'Express |access-date=2009-12-08}}</ref> As a result [[Éric Stauffer]] could not return to Mauritius as he feared that Duval's partner Navin Ramgoolam would organise his arrest.<ref>{{cite web |title=Eric Stauffer, ancien conseiller de Xavier Duval, revient à Maurice |date=16 December 2014 |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/256411/eric-stauffer-ancien-conseiller-xavier-duval-revient-maurice |publisher=L'Express |access-date=2014-12-16}}</ref>
===2009 more concerns about Église Chrétienne===
In 2009 Opposition Leader Paul Bérenger raised his concerns in the press about the dangerous links between Xavier-Luc Duval's PMSD, the Tourism Authority, Events Mauritius and ''Église Chrétienne''. Concerns had been raised about the role of a branch of ''Église Chrétienne'' called ASPA, as well as Church Team Ministries International (CTMI) as Carole Hardy's proximity to Xavier-Luc Duval made government bodies vulnerable to an infiltration risk.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Abat |first1=Marine |title=Elle se bat pour renouer des liens avec sa fille, endoctrinée par une "secte" à Maurice |url=https://www.zinfos974.com/Elle-se-bat-pour-renouer-des-liens-avec-sa-fille-endoctrinee-par-une-secte-a-Maurice_a157794.html |publisher=Zinfos974 |access-date=2020-07-24}}</ref>
===2021 importation of Molnupiravir via MERCK===
During the Private Notice Question (PNQ) session held on 9 November 2021 in the National Assembly the Minister of Health [[Kailesh Jagutpal]] revealed that private firm MERCK was the sole importer of anti-COVID drugs [[Molnupiravir]] and [[Ronapreve]] on the island of Mauritius. [[Kailesh Jagutpal]] further revealed that Xavier-Luc Duval is one of the major shareholders of that firm, given that he owns 43,200 shares of MERCK.<ref>{{cite web |title=PNQ : Jagutpal révèle que XLD détiendrait des actions d'une compagnie importatrice de deux médicaments anti-covid |date=9 November 2021 |url=https://inside.news/2021/11/09/pnq-jagutpal-revele-que-xld-detiendrait-des-actions-dune-compagnie-importatrice-de-deux-medicaments-anti-covid/ |publisher=Inside News |access-date=2021-11-09}}</ref>
==Honours and awards ==
Duval was appointed as [[Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean|Grand Commander of The Star & Key of the Indian Ocean]] on the labour day of 2008 by the President [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]] and thus uses the Prefix Hon. and post nominal GCSK.
[[Grand Commander of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean]](G.C.S.K.), Republic of Mauritius – 2009
Commandeur de l'Ordre National de l'Etoile Equatoriale de la République Gabonaise – 2013
Distinguished Foreign Business Leadership Award by the Villanova Business School of the University of Villanova in Philadelphia, USA −2012
African Finance Minister of the Year by African Leadership Magazine −2012
African Finance Minister of the Year by Africa Investor −2012
African Finance Minister of the Year by Africa Investor −2013
Southern African Economic Development Champion Award by African Leadership Magazine – 2014
Special Commendation from the Georgia Legislative Black Caucus, USA – 2014
Chairman Global Advisory Board – African Leadership Network (since 2013)
Chairman of Public Accounts Committee (PAC), (2000–2005)
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Deputy Prime Ministers of Mauritius}}
{{Vice Prime Ministers of Mauritius}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Duval, Xavier}}
[[Category:1958 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Members of the National Assembly (Mauritius)]]
[[Category:Deputy Prime Ministers of Mauritius]]
[[Category:Ministers of finance of Mauritius]]
[[Category:Government ministers of Mauritius]]
[[Category:Mauritian businesspeople]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Leeds]]
[[Category:Grand Commanders of the Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean]]
[[Category:Vice Prime Ministers of Mauritius]]
[[Category:Parti Mauricien Social Démocrate politicians]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Short description|Mauritian politician}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{BLP sources|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = [[The Honourable]]
| name = Xavier Luc Duval
| honorific-suffix = {{small|[[Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean|GCSK]] {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FCA|MP}}}}
| image = Xavier-Luc Duval - World Economic Forum on Africa 2012 crop.jpg
| caption = Duval at the [[World Economic Forum]] on Africa in 2012
| order = 12th [[Leader of the Opposition (Mauritius)|Leader of the Opposition]]
| president = [[Prithvirajsing Roopun]]
| primeminister = [[Pravind Jugnauth]]
| term_start = 4 March 2021
| term_end = 15 April 2024
| predecessor = [[Arvin Boolell]]
| successor =
| president1 = [[Ameenah Gurib]]
| primeminister1 = [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Pravind Jugnauth]]
| term_start1 = 20 December 2016
| term_end1 = 14 November 2019
| predecessor1 = [[Paul Bérenger]]
| successor1 = [[Arvin Boolell]]
| order2 = 10th [[Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius]]
| president2 = [[Dr. Ameenah Gurib-Fakim]]
| primeminister2 = [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
| term_start2 = 17 December 2014
| term_end2 = 19 December 2016
| order3 = [[Ministry of Tourism (Mauritius)|Minister of Tourism]]
| president3 = [[Kailash Purryag]]
| primeminister3 = [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
| term_start3 = 17 December 2014
| term_end3 = 20 December 2016
| predecessor3 = Michael Sik Yuen
| successor3 = Ivan Collendavelloo
| president4 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
| primeminister4 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
| term_start4 = 5 July 2005
| term_end4 = 11 May 2010
| predecessor4 = Nando Bodha
| successor4 = Nando Bodha
| order5 = 1st [[Vice Prime Minister of Mauritius]]
| president5 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Kailash Purryag]]
| primeminister5 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
| term_start5 = 5 July 2005
| term_end5 = 6 June 2014
| order6 = [[Minister of Finance of Mauritius|Minister of Finance]]
| president6 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Kailash Purryag]]
| primeminister6 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
| term_start6 = 7 August 2011
| term_end6 = 6 June 2014
| predecessor6 = [[Pravind Jugnauth]]
| successor6 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1958|1|28}}
| birth_place =
| spouse = Marie Jennifer Duval
| children = Adrien Charles Duval, Stephanie Duval, Alexandre Duval
| party = [[Militant Socialist Movement]] (1987) <br /> [[Mauritian Party of Xavier-Luc Duval]] (1995–2009) <br /> [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] (2009–present)
| occupation = Accountant
| website = [http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/MOFSite/menuitem.911dbbfb6f1060e7e3b7a887a0208a0c/ The Minister]
}}
'''Charles Gaëtan Xavier Luc Duval''' (born 28 January 1958) is a Mauritian politician who is the present Leader of the Opposition and was also [[Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius]] in the cabinet of [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]] from December 2014 to December 2016. He was also [[Ministry of Tourism (Mauritius)|Minister of Tourism & External Communications]] and serves as 1st Member of Parliament elected from Constituency No 18 [[Constituencies of Mauritius|Belle Rose & Quatres Bornes]]. He is the leader of the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] (PMSD). His party has 4 MPs at parliament and he succeeded [[Arvin Boolell]] as Leader of Opposition on 4 March 2021.
He served as Vice Prime Minister in the cabinet of [[Navin Ramgoolam]] from 2005 to June 2014. He was previously Minister of Tourism from 2005 to 2010, Minister of Social Integration from 2010 to 2011 and Minister of Finance and Economic Development from 2011 to 2014.
His first candidacy was in 1987 where he was elected to serve as Member of Parliament for [[Constituencies of Mauritius|Constituency No 4, Port Louis North & Montagne Longue]]. He was candidate of the [[Militant Socialist Movement|MSM]], part of the [[Militant Socialist Movement|MSM]]/[[Labour Party (Mauritius)|Labour Party]] alliance led by Jugnauth.<ref>http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Pages/1987/Elected-Members-1987.aspx</ref>
He later joined the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] and stood as candidate for the 1991 elections where he was not elected under the [[Labour Party (Mauritius)|Labour Party]]/[[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] alliance. He later stood as candidate in 1995 under the 'Parti Geatan Duval' in constituency no 17, Curepipe and Midlands.<ref>[http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Documents/1995/allyr95.pdf 1995 election result] gov.mu {{dead link|date=September 2023}}</ref>
On 10 September 1997 Xavier Luc Duval was expelled from the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party|PMSD]] by his uncle and leader of the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party|PMSD]], Hervé Duval with the support of other members of the ''bureau politique'' of the PMSD, namely Maurice Allet, Germain Comarmond, Clifford Empeigne, Mamade Khodabaccus and Vyolet Mootia. This expulsion prompted Xavier Duval to create his own party [[Mauritian Party of Xavier-Luc Duval|PMXD]] in 1999.<ref>{{cite web |title=Il y a 21 ans: Xavier Duval est expulsé du PMSD |url=https://lexpress.mu/article/338896/il-y-21-ans-xavier-duval-est-expulse-pmsd |publisher=L'Express |access-date=2018-09-10}}</ref> The PMXD was dissolved in 2009 to merge with the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]]. He was then elected leader of the party. His party was in alliance with the Labour Party in 2005 and 2010. Due to the alliance between the Labour Party and MMM in 2014 elections, he resigned as minister on 6 June 2014 and aligned with the [[Militant Socialist Movement|MSM]] to form the coalition of MSM–PMSD–ML, also known as ''Alliance Lepep'', which then won a landslide victory. He held the title of [[Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius|Deputy Prime Minister]] from December 2014 to December 2016 under Prime Minister [[Anerood Jugnauth]].
==Early life and family life==
Xavier Luc Duval is the son of Sir [[Gaetan Duval]], former leader of the opposition, later Deputy Prime Minister, leader of the PMSD and also founder of defunct ''Parti Gaëtan Duval''.
Xavier Duval is married to Marie Jennifer Duval and is father of three children; Stephanie Duval, Alexandre Duval and Adrien Duval.<ref>{{cite web |title=ICAC – Declaration of assets Act: Aucune valeur monétaire attribuée aux avoirs des élus de 2014 et 2019 |url=https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/icac-declaration-of-assets-act-aucune-valeur-monetaire-attribuee-aux-avoirs-des-elus-de-2014-et-2019/320671/ |publisher=Le Mauricien |access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=N°17 Curepipe Midlands: La Ville Lumière redevient bleue! |url=https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/n-17-curepipemidlands-la-ville-lumiere-redevient-bleue/47588/ |publisher=Le Mauricien |access-date=2014-12-12}}</ref>
==Education and Professional career==
Xavier Luc Duval holds a degree in Economics from the University of Leeds in England. B.A. Hons. Econ University of Leeds, U.K and is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, [[F.C.A]]. During his professional career, he was a founding partner of Coopers & Lybrand and Director Abacus Financial Services. He was previously a partner at Haskins and Sells Mauritius and a founder and managing director of The Financial Training Company [[Mauritius]] Limited and Halifax Management Limited.
In October 2000, he became senior partner at Nexia, Baker & Arenson, the Mauritian representative firm of Nexia International, a worldwide network of accountants and consultants employing some 12,000 professionals in 76 countries worldwide. He held this position at Nexia Mauritius until 2006.
==Political career==
Firstly elected as member of parliament in 1987, he was minister in 1995 in the government of Sir Anerood Jugnauth as Minister of Industry and Tourism, then became Minister of Industry, Commerce, Corporate Affairs & Financial Services in the Government led by the Mauritius Labour Party, between 1999 and 2000. He was then Minister of Tourism, Leisure and External Communications from 2005 to 2010, in the coalition again with the MLP and Minister of Social Integration from 2010 to 2011. He serves as Member of Parliament for constituency No 18, Belle Rose and Quatre Bornes since 2005.
==Minister of Tourism (2005-2010)==
As Minister of Tourism and External Communication, Xavier-Luc Duval contributed to boost the image de marque of the destination culminating in a record in growth of tourist arrivals and revenues in 2008. During his time in office he also introduced a New Tourism Act enhanced regulations and improving the business climate to boost the tourism sector.
In 2006 with the creation of the Festival International Kreol, Xavier-Luc Duval aimed at promoting creole culture through poetry, dance and music. The festival has become a yearly event, with participation of international creole artists such as Compagnie Creole, Zouk Machine, Images, and Shaggy as well as Mauritian groups such as [[Sanedhip Bhimjee]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Festival International Kreol 2014—XAVIER-LUC DUVAL: « si le tourisme va bien, tout va bien » |url=https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/festival-international-kreol-2014-xavier-luc-duval-si-tourisme-va-bien-tout-va-bien/47159/ |publisher=Le Mauricien |access-date=2014-12-20}}</ref>
During his mandate at the Ministry of Tourism, tremendous work was done to upgrade a large number of sites, including touristic sites and residential areas, especially some places like Roche-Bois for a better integration on the train of development.
==Minister of Social Integration (2010-2011)==
Xavier-Luc Duval was given the responsibility to launch the Ministry of Social Integration Economic Empowerment after the general elections of 2010. He created a new policy for social housing, launched a new program for the integration of the young children at grass root level, encouraged the empowerment of women and identifying new talents in vulnerable groups (through sports and arts), as economic empowerment gained a new impetus under his leadership.
==Minister of Finance and Economic Development (2011-2014)==
When he was appointed [[Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (Mauritius)|Finance Minister]] in mid-2011, Duval did not lose sight of social integration. In his successive Budgets in 2012 2013 and 2014 huge support has been given to the vulnerable groups, especially in the fields of housing and education. Special schemes include the construction of concrete cum CIS houses in poor areas or abolition of fees for the purchase of land. Financial support is given to the needy children who attend school, day care centres are created in specific areas. Generally, all students of Form 4 and Form 5 are now entitled to own a tablet.
Fishermen involved in low scale fisheries are encouraged to enrol in aquaculture projects. They also benefit of VAT refund on their equipment and boats. This is also the case for small planters.
Hon. Duval has also been very active in promoting youth employment and measures He launched a Youth Employment Programme in 2013 which has already employed more than 5,000 youth. Support to SMEs is another aspect which he is very sensible to, especially with regards to access to finance. He has introduced a special scheme with the partnership of commercial banks.
More importantly, Hon. Duval has geared the economy safely with Mauritius maintaining sound economic fundamentals as the growth is, against all odds, at 3.2%, and inflation under control at 3.6% Unemployment rate is at 8.3%. Total investments for 2013 is totalling Rs 10 billion.
In his successive Budgets Hon. Duval has emphasised on the importance of technology. Various measures have been introduced to increase internet penetration and the use of technology at school, in enterprises, at home and in various public services. E-payment is now a reality at the Mauritius Revenue Authority, tablets and wifi have been introduced at school.
Hon. Duval's vision is to make Mauritius movie towards a higher wage economy. The country is already a renowned financial centre of excellence and the Minister of Finance has spared no efforts to improve its legal framework. He has also given impetus to new sectors by introducing frameworks for the film industry and bunkering services.
But the trademark of Hon. Duval is undeniably his African policy and his continuous efforts to promote Mauritius as a gateway to the continent for investment, promotional activities, support to enterprises, networking and training.
He has launched the African Centre of Excellence in 2012 which provides information, encourages networking, and facilitates projects in Africa. 15 projects are already on going and 50 others are in the pipeline. The Mauritius Africa Fund has been launched this year to on stimulate Mauritian investment into Africa. The Export Guarantee Scheme, for export oriented enterprises to invest in Africa.
As Minister of Finance, Duval has twice been voted as African Finance Minister of the Year by Africa Investor – 2012 and 2013 as well as African Finance Minister of the Year by African Leadership Magazine in 2012.
In 2013 he has been chosen as chairman Global Advisory Board by African Leadership Network. He also received the Distinguished Foreign Business Leadership Award by the Villanova Business School of the University of Villanova in Philadelphia, USA in 2012. In October 2013, he has been elevated to the rank of Commandeur de l'Ordre National de l'Etoile Equatoriale by President [[Ali Bongo Ondimba]] of Gabon.
Africans are also encouraged to take advantage of what Mauritius has to offer with specific schemes for training. Above all, visa requirements have been waived for 50 out of 54 African countries which is a testimony of Mauritius' intention to play a major role as the perfect meeting point in Africa.
==Controversies==
===2000 Transfer of state funds to Swiss Bank===
On 22 March 2000, when he was part of the Labour-PMSD coalition, Xavier-Luc Duval's advisor [[Éric Stauffer]] made revelations about the transfer of large amounts of state funds belonging to Mauritius to a Swiss bank account. In preparation for the 1999 General Elections campaign [[Éric Stauffer]] also bought and shipped 3 fire-arms from Geneva to Mauritius. Although the fire-arms were illegal Duval managed to organise their clearance by Mauritian customs. [[Éric Stauffer]] also revealed that then Minister of Commerce Xavier-Luc Duval spent public taxpayers' funds to pay for international tourist trips during which Duval and his mistress Carole Hardy traveled to the Alps. Carole Hardy, the daughter of Miki Hardy, leader of religious sect ''Église Chrétienne'', was also employed by Xavier-Luc Duval as his Communications Adviser. Mauritian authorities suspected ''Église Chrétienne'' to be also involved in child kidnappings.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Koller |first1=Frédéric |title=En dénonçant un scandale, un Genevois met l'île Maurice sens dessus dessous |url=https://www.letemps.ch/societe/denoncant-un-scandale-un-genevois-met-lile-maurice-sens-dessus-dessous |newspaper=Le Temps |date=13 April 2000 |access-date=2001-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Hope |first1=Béatrice |title=Miki Hardy: "L'Eglise chrétienne ne recherche les faveurs d'aucun politicien" |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/miki-hardy-%C2%ABl%E2%80%99eglise-chr%C3%A9tienne-ne-recherche-les-faveurs-d%E2%80%99aucun-politicien%C2%BB |publisher=L'Express |access-date=2009-12-08}}</ref> As a result [[Éric Stauffer]] could not return to Mauritius as he feared that Duval's partner Navin Ramgoolam would organise his arrest.<ref>{{cite web |title=Eric Stauffer, ancien conseiller de Xavier Duval, revient à Maurice |date=16 December 2014 |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/256411/eric-stauffer-ancien-conseiller-xavier-duval-revient-maurice |publisher=L'Express |access-date=2014-12-16}}</ref>
===2009 more concerns about Église Chrétienne===
In 2009 Opposition Leader Paul Bérenger raised his concerns in the press about the dangerous links between Xavier-Luc Duval's PMSD, the Tourism Authority, Events Mauritius and ''Église Chrétienne''. Concerns had been raised about the role of a branch of ''Église Chrétienne'' called ASPA, as well as Church Team Ministries International (CTMI) as Carole Hardy's proximity to Xavier-Luc Duval made government bodies vulnerable to an infiltration risk.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Abat |first1=Marine |title=Elle se bat pour renouer des liens avec sa fille, endoctrinée par une "secte" à Maurice |url=https://www.zinfos974.com/Elle-se-bat-pour-renouer-des-liens-avec-sa-fille-endoctrinee-par-une-secte-a-Maurice_a157794.html |publisher=Zinfos974 |access-date=2020-07-24}}</ref>
===2021 importation of Molnupiravir via MERCK===
During the Private Notice Question (PNQ) session held on 9 November 2021 in the National Assembly the Minister of Health [[Kailesh Jagutpal]] revealed that private firm MERCK was the sole importer of anti-COVID drugs [[Molnupiravir]] and [[Ronapreve]] on the island of Mauritius. [[Kailesh Jagutpal]] further revealed that Xavier-Luc Duval is one of the major shareholders of that firm, given that he owns 43,200 shares of MERCK.<ref>{{cite web |title=PNQ : Jagutpal révèle que XLD détiendrait des actions d'une compagnie importatrice de deux médicaments anti-covid |date=9 November 2021 |url=https://inside.news/2021/11/09/pnq-jagutpal-revele-que-xld-detiendrait-des-actions-dune-compagnie-importatrice-de-deux-medicaments-anti-covid/ |publisher=Inside News |access-date=2021-11-09}}</ref>
==Honours and awards ==
Duval was appointed as [[Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean|Grand Commander of The Star & Key of the Indian Ocean]] on the labour day of 2008 by the President [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]] and thus uses the Prefix Hon. and post nominal GCSK.
[[Grand Commander of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean]](G.C.S.K.), Republic of Mauritius – 2009
Commandeur de l'Ordre National de l'Etoile Equatoriale de la République Gabonaise – 2013
Distinguished Foreign Business Leadership Award by the Villanova Business School of the University of Villanova in Philadelphia, USA −2012
African Finance Minister of the Year by African Leadership Magazine −2012
African Finance Minister of the Year by Africa Investor −2012
African Finance Minister of the Year by Africa Investor −2013
Southern African Economic Development Champion Award by African Leadership Magazine – 2014
Special Commendation from the Georgia Legislative Black Caucus, USA – 2014
Chairman Global Advisory Board – African Leadership Network (since 2013)
Chairman of Public Accounts Committee (PAC), (2000–2005)
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Deputy Prime Ministers of Mauritius}}
{{Vice Prime Ministers of Mauritius}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Duval, Xavier}}
[[Category:1958 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Members of the National Assembly (Mauritius)]]
[[Category:Deputy Prime Ministers of Mauritius]]
[[Category:Ministers of finance of Mauritius]]
[[Category:Government ministers of Mauritius]]
[[Category:Mauritian businesspeople]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Leeds]]
[[Category:Grand Commanders of the Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean]]
[[Category:Vice Prime Ministers of Mauritius]]
[[Category:Parti Mauricien Social Démocrate politicians]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -4,66 +4,59 @@
{{BLP sources|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
-|honorific-prefix = [[The Honourable]]
-| name = Xavier Luc Duval
-|honorific-suffix = {{small|[[Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean|GCSK]] {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FCA|MP}}}}
-| image = Xavier-Luc Duval - World Economic Forum on Africa 2012 crop.jpg
-| caption = Duval at the [[World Economic Forum]] on Africa in 2012
-| order = 12th [[Leader of the Opposition (Mauritius)|Leader of the Opposition]]
-| president = [[Prithvirajsing Roopun]]
-| primeminister = [[Pravind Jugnauth]]
-| term_start = 4 March 2021
-| term_end =
-| predecessor = [[Arvin Boolell]]
-| successor =
-
-| president1 = [[Ameenah Gurib]]
-| primeminister1= [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Pravind Jugnauth]]
-| term_start1 = 20 December 2016
-| term_end1 = 14 November 2019
-| predecessor1 = [[Paul Bérenger]]
-| successor1 = [[Arvin Boolell]]
-
-| order2 = 10th [[Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius]]
-| president2 = [[Dr. Ameenah Gurib-Fakim]]
-| primeminister2= [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
-| term_start2 = 17 December 2014
-| term_end2 = 19 December 2016
-
-| order3 = [[Ministry of Tourism (Mauritius)|Minister of Tourism]]
-| president3 = [[Kailash Purryag]]
-| primeminister3 = [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
-| term_start3 = 17 December 2014
-| term_end3 = 20 December 2016
-| predecessor3 = Michael Sik Yuen
-| successor3 = Ivan Collendavelloo
-
-| president4 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
-| primeminister4 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
-| term_start4 = 5 July 2005
-| term_end4 = 11 May 2010
-| predecessor4 = Nando Bodha
-| successor4 = Nando Bodha
-
-| order5 = 1st [[Vice Prime Minister of Mauritius]]
-| president5 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Kailash Purryag]]
-| primeminister5= [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
-| term_start5 = 5 July 2005
-| term_end5 = 6 June 2014
-
-| order6 = [[Minister of Finance of Mauritius|Minister of Finance]]
-| president6 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Kailash Purryag]]
-| primeminister6 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
-| term_start6 = 7 August 2011
-| term_end6 = 6 June 2014
-| predecessor6 = [[Pravind Jugnauth]]
-| successor6 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
-
-| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1958|1|28}}
-| birth_place =
-| spouse = Marie Jennifer Duval
-| children = Adrien Charles Duval, Stephanie Duval, Alexandre Duval
-| party = [[Militant Socialist Movement]] (1987) <br /> [[Mauritian Party of Xavier-Luc Duval]] (1995–2009) <br /> [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] (2009–present)
-| occupation = Accountant
-| website = [http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/MOFSite/menuitem.911dbbfb6f1060e7e3b7a887a0208a0c/ The Minister]
+| honorific-prefix = [[The Honourable]]
+| name = Xavier Luc Duval
+| honorific-suffix = {{small|[[Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean|GCSK]] {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FCA|MP}}}}
+| image = Xavier-Luc Duval - World Economic Forum on Africa 2012 crop.jpg
+| caption = Duval at the [[World Economic Forum]] on Africa in 2012
+| order = 12th [[Leader of the Opposition (Mauritius)|Leader of the Opposition]]
+| president = [[Prithvirajsing Roopun]]
+| primeminister = [[Pravind Jugnauth]]
+| term_start = 4 March 2021
+| term_end = 15 April 2024
+| predecessor = [[Arvin Boolell]]
+| successor =
+| president1 = [[Ameenah Gurib]]
+| primeminister1 = [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Pravind Jugnauth]]
+| term_start1 = 20 December 2016
+| term_end1 = 14 November 2019
+| predecessor1 = [[Paul Bérenger]]
+| successor1 = [[Arvin Boolell]]
+| order2 = 10th [[Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius]]
+| president2 = [[Dr. Ameenah Gurib-Fakim]]
+| primeminister2 = [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
+| term_start2 = 17 December 2014
+| term_end2 = 19 December 2016
+| order3 = [[Ministry of Tourism (Mauritius)|Minister of Tourism]]
+| president3 = [[Kailash Purryag]]
+| primeminister3 = [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
+| term_start3 = 17 December 2014
+| term_end3 = 20 December 2016
+| predecessor3 = Michael Sik Yuen
+| successor3 = Ivan Collendavelloo
+| president4 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]
+| primeminister4 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
+| term_start4 = 5 July 2005
+| term_end4 = 11 May 2010
+| predecessor4 = Nando Bodha
+| successor4 = Nando Bodha
+| order5 = 1st [[Vice Prime Minister of Mauritius]]
+| president5 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Kailash Purryag]]
+| primeminister5 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
+| term_start5 = 5 July 2005
+| term_end5 = 6 June 2014
+| order6 = [[Minister of Finance of Mauritius|Minister of Finance]]
+| president6 = [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]]<br />[[Kailash Purryag]]
+| primeminister6 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
+| term_start6 = 7 August 2011
+| term_end6 = 6 June 2014
+| predecessor6 = [[Pravind Jugnauth]]
+| successor6 = [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
+| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1958|1|28}}
+| birth_place =
+| spouse = Marie Jennifer Duval
+| children = Adrien Charles Duval, Stephanie Duval, Alexandre Duval
+| party = [[Militant Socialist Movement]] (1987) <br /> [[Mauritian Party of Xavier-Luc Duval]] (1995–2009) <br /> [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] (2009–present)
+| occupation = Accountant
+| website = [http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/MOFSite/menuitem.911dbbfb6f1060e7e3b7a887a0208a0c/ The Minister]
}}
'''Charles Gaëtan Xavier Luc Duval''' (born 28 January 1958) is a Mauritian politician who is the present Leader of the Opposition and was also [[Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius]] in the cabinet of [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]] from December 2014 to December 2016. He was also [[Ministry of Tourism (Mauritius)|Minister of Tourism & External Communications]] and serves as 1st Member of Parliament elected from Constituency No 18 [[Constituencies of Mauritius|Belle Rose & Quatres Bornes]]. He is the leader of the [[Mauritian Social Democrat Party]] (PMSD). His party has 4 MPs at parliament and he succeeded [[Arvin Boolell]] as Leader of Opposition on 4 March 2021.
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All external links in the new text (all_links) | [
0 => 'http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Documents/1995/allyr95.pdf',
1 => 'https://lexpress.mu/article/338896/il-y-21-ans-xavier-duval-est-expulse-pmsd',
2 => 'https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/icac-declaration-of-assets-act-aucune-valeur-monetaire-attribuee-aux-avoirs-des-elus-de-2014-et-2019/320671/',
3 => 'https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/n-17-curepipemidlands-la-ville-lumiere-redevient-bleue/47588/',
4 => 'https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/festival-international-kreol-2014-xavier-luc-duval-si-tourisme-va-bien-tout-va-bien/47159/',
5 => 'https://www.letemps.ch/societe/denoncant-un-scandale-un-genevois-met-lile-maurice-sens-dessus-dessous',
6 => 'https://www.lexpress.mu/article/miki-hardy-%C2%ABl%E2%80%99eglise-chr%C3%A9tienne-ne-recherche-les-faveurs-d%E2%80%99aucun-politicien%C2%BB',
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9 => 'https://inside.news/2021/11/09/pnq-jagutpal-revele-que-xld-detiendrait-des-actions-dune-compagnie-importatrice-de-deux-medicaments-anti-covid/',
10 => 'http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Pages/1987/Elected-Members-1987.aspx',
11 => 'https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22',
12 => 'https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1',
13 => 'https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks',
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16 => 'https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22&acc=on&wc=on',
17 => 'http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/MOFSite/menuitem.911dbbfb6f1060e7e3b7a887a0208a0c/'
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Links in the page, before the edit (old_links) | [
0 => 'http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/MOFSite/menuitem.911dbbfb6f1060e7e3b7a887a0208a0c/',
1 => 'http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Pages/1987/Elected-Members-1987.aspx',
2 => 'http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Documents/1995/allyr95.pdf',
3 => 'https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22&acc=on&wc=on',
4 => 'https://inside.news/2021/11/09/pnq-jagutpal-revele-que-xld-detiendrait-des-actions-dune-compagnie-importatrice-de-deux-medicaments-anti-covid/',
5 => 'https://www.letemps.ch/societe/denoncant-un-scandale-un-genevois-met-lile-maurice-sens-dessus-dessous',
6 => 'https://www.lexpress.mu/article/256411/eric-stauffer-ancien-conseiller-xavier-duval-revient-maurice',
7 => 'https://www.lexpress.mu/article/miki-hardy-%C2%ABl%E2%80%99eglise-chr%C3%A9tienne-ne-recherche-les-faveurs-d%E2%80%99aucun-politicien%C2%BB',
8 => 'https://www.zinfos974.com/Elle-se-bat-pour-renouer-des-liens-avec-sa-fille-endoctrinee-par-une-secte-a-Maurice_a157794.html',
9 => 'https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22',
10 => 'https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1',
11 => 'https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks',
12 => 'https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22+-wikipedia',
13 => 'https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22',
14 => 'https://lexpress.mu/article/338896/il-y-21-ans-xavier-duval-est-expulse-pmsd',
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16 => 'https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/n-17-curepipemidlands-la-ville-lumiere-redevient-bleue/47588/',
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Mauritian politician</div>
<p class="mw-empty-elt">
</p>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1097763485">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-BLP_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>needs additional <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE">Contentious material</a> about living persons that is unsourced or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE">poorly sourced</a> <b>must be removed immediately</b> from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel" title="Wikipedia:Libel">libelous</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22">"Xavier-Luc Duval"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Xavier-Luc+Duval%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this template message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1218072481">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Honourable" title="The Honourable">The Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Xavier Luc Duval</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_and_Key_of_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean">GCSK</a> <span class="noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Institute_of_Chartered_Accountants_in_England_and_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales">FCA</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">MP</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Xavier-Luc_Duval_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Xavier-Luc_Duval_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012_crop.jpg/220px-Xavier-Luc_Duval_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Xavier-Luc_Duval_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012_crop.jpg/330px-Xavier-Luc_Duval_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012_crop.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Xavier-Luc_Duval_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012_crop.jpg/440px-Xavier-Luc_Duval_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3218" data-file-height="3217" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Duval at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/World_Economic_Forum" title="World Economic Forum">World Economic Forum</a> on Africa in 2012</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">12th <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Mauritius)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Mauritius)">Leader of the Opposition</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />4 March 2021 – 15 April 2024</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Prithvirajsing_Roopun" title="Prithvirajsing Roopun">Prithvirajsing Roopun</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pravind_Jugnauth" title="Pravind Jugnauth">Pravind Jugnauth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arvin_Boolell" title="Arvin Boolell">Arvin Boolell</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />20 December 2016 – 14 November 2019</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ameenah_Gurib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ameenah Gurib">Ameenah Gurib</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sir_Anerood_Jugnauth" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pravind_Jugnauth" title="Pravind Jugnauth">Pravind Jugnauth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paul_B%C3%A9renger" title="Paul Bérenger">Paul Bérenger</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arvin_Boolell" title="Arvin Boolell">Arvin Boolell</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">10th <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Mauritius" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius">Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />17 December 2014 – 19 December 2016</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dr._Ameenah_Gurib-Fakim" class="mw-redirect" title="Dr. Ameenah Gurib-Fakim">Dr. Ameenah Gurib-Fakim</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sir_Anerood_Jugnauth" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ministry_of_Tourism_(Mauritius)" title="Ministry of Tourism (Mauritius)">Minister of Tourism</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />17 December 2014 – 20 December 2016</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kailash_Purryag" title="Kailash Purryag">Kailash Purryag</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sir_Anerood_Jugnauth" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Michael Sik Yuen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Ivan Collendavelloo</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />5 July 2005 – 11 May 2010</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Navin Ramgoolam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Nando Bodha</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Nando Bodha</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">1st <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vice_Prime_Minister_of_Mauritius" title="Vice Prime Minister of Mauritius">Vice Prime Minister of Mauritius</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />5 July 2005 – 6 June 2014</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kailash_Purryag" title="Kailash Purryag">Kailash Purryag</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Navin Ramgoolam</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Finance of Mauritius">Minister of Finance</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />7 August 2011 – 6 June 2014</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kailash_Purryag" title="Kailash Purryag">Kailash Purryag</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Navin Ramgoolam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pravind_Jugnauth" title="Pravind Jugnauth">Pravind Jugnauth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Navin Ramgoolam</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">
</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1958-01-28</span>) </span>28 January 1958<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 66)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Militant_Socialist_Movement" title="Militant Socialist Movement">Militant Socialist Movement</a> (1987) <br /> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauritian_Party_of_Xavier-Luc_Duval" title="Mauritian Party of Xavier-Luc Duval">Mauritian Party of Xavier-Luc Duval</a> (1995–2009) <br /> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauritian_Social_Democrat_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian Social Democrat Party">Mauritian Social Democrat Party</a> (2009–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Marie Jennifer Duval</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Adrien Charles Duval, Stephanie Duval, Alexandre Duval</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Accountant</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/MOFSite/menuitem.911dbbfb6f1060e7e3b7a887a0208a0c/">The Minister</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Charles Gaëtan Xavier Luc Duval</b> (born 28 January 1958) is a Mauritian politician who is the present Leader of the Opposition and was also <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Mauritius" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius">Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius</a> in the cabinet of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sir_Anerood_Jugnauth" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a> from December 2014 to December 2016. He was also <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ministry_of_Tourism_(Mauritius)" title="Ministry of Tourism (Mauritius)">Minister of Tourism & External Communications</a> and serves as 1st Member of Parliament elected from Constituency No 18 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Constituencies_of_Mauritius" title="Constituencies of Mauritius">Belle Rose & Quatres Bornes</a>. He is the leader of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauritian_Social_Democrat_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian Social Democrat Party">Mauritian Social Democrat Party</a> (PMSD). His party has 4 MPs at parliament and he succeeded <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arvin_Boolell" title="Arvin Boolell">Arvin Boolell</a> as Leader of Opposition on 4 March 2021.
</p><p>He served as Vice Prime Minister in the cabinet of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Navin Ramgoolam</a> from 2005 to June 2014. He was previously Minister of Tourism from 2005 to 2010, Minister of Social Integration from 2010 to 2011 and Minister of Finance and Economic Development from 2011 to 2014.
</p><p>His first candidacy was in 1987 where he was elected to serve as Member of Parliament for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Constituencies_of_Mauritius" title="Constituencies of Mauritius">Constituency No 4, Port Louis North & Montagne Longue</a>. He was candidate of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Militant_Socialist_Movement" title="Militant Socialist Movement">MSM</a>, part of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Militant_Socialist_Movement" title="Militant Socialist Movement">MSM</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Labour_Party_(Mauritius)" title="Labour Party (Mauritius)">Labour Party</a> alliance led by Jugnauth.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>
</p><p>He later joined the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauritian_Social_Democrat_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian Social Democrat Party">Mauritian Social Democrat Party</a> and stood as candidate for the 1991 elections where he was not elected under the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Labour_Party_(Mauritius)" title="Labour Party (Mauritius)">Labour Party</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauritian_Social_Democrat_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian Social Democrat Party">Mauritian Social Democrat Party</a> alliance. He later stood as candidate in 1995 under the 'Parti Geatan Duval' in constituency no 17, Curepipe and Midlands.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p><p>On 10 September 1997 Xavier Luc Duval was expelled from the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauritian_Social_Democrat_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian Social Democrat Party">PMSD</a> by his uncle and leader of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauritian_Social_Democrat_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian Social Democrat Party">PMSD</a>, Hervé Duval with the support of other members of the <i>bureau politique</i> of the PMSD, namely Maurice Allet, Germain Comarmond, Clifford Empeigne, Mamade Khodabaccus and Vyolet Mootia. This expulsion prompted Xavier Duval to create his own party <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauritian_Party_of_Xavier-Luc_Duval" title="Mauritian Party of Xavier-Luc Duval">PMXD</a> in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> The PMXD was dissolved in 2009 to merge with the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauritian_Social_Democrat_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian Social Democrat Party">Mauritian Social Democrat Party</a>. He was then elected leader of the party. His party was in alliance with the Labour Party in 2005 and 2010. Due to the alliance between the Labour Party and MMM in 2014 elections, he resigned as minister on 6 June 2014 and aligned with the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Militant_Socialist_Movement" title="Militant Socialist Movement">MSM</a> to form the coalition of MSM–PMSD–ML, also known as <i>Alliance Lepep</i>, which then won a landslide victory. He held the title of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Mauritius" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius">Deputy Prime Minister</a> from December 2014 to December 2016 under Prime Minister <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Anerood Jugnauth</a>.
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<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
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<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Early_life_and_family_life"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Early life and family life</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Education_and_Professional_career"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Education and Professional career</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Political_career"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Political career</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Minister_of_Tourism_(2005-2010)"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Minister of Tourism (2005-2010)</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Minister_of_Social_Integration_(2010-2011)"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Minister of Social Integration (2010-2011)</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Minister_of_Finance_and_Economic_Development_(2011-2014)"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Minister of Finance and Economic Development (2011-2014)</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Controversies"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Controversies</span></a>
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<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#2000_Transfer_of_state_funds_to_Swiss_Bank"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">2000 Transfer of state funds to Swiss Bank</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#2009_more_concerns_about_Église_Chrétienne"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">2009 more concerns about Église Chrétienne</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#2021_importation_of_Molnupiravir_via_MERCK"><span class="tocnumber">7.3</span> <span class="toctext">2021 importation of Molnupiravir via MERCK</span></a></li>
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<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Honours_and_awards"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Honours and awards</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Early_life_and_family_life">Early life and family life</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>Xavier Luc Duval is the son of Sir <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gaetan_Duval" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaetan Duval">Gaetan Duval</a>, former leader of the opposition, later Deputy Prime Minister, leader of the PMSD and also founder of defunct <i>Parti Gaëtan Duval</i>.
</p><p>Xavier Duval is married to Marie Jennifer Duval and is father of three children; Stephanie Duval, Alexandre Duval and Adrien Duval.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>
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<p>Xavier Luc Duval holds a degree in Economics from the University of Leeds in England. B.A. Hons. Econ University of Leeds, U.K and is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=F.C.A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F.C.A (page does not exist)">F.C.A</a>. During his professional career, he was a founding partner of Coopers & Lybrand and Director Abacus Financial Services. He was previously a partner at Haskins and Sells Mauritius and a founder and managing director of The Financial Training Company <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> Limited and Halifax Management Limited.
</p><p>In October 2000, he became senior partner at Nexia, Baker & Arenson, the Mauritian representative firm of Nexia International, a worldwide network of accountants and consultants employing some 12,000 professionals in 76 countries worldwide. He held this position at Nexia Mauritius until 2006.
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<p>Firstly elected as member of parliament in 1987, he was minister in 1995 in the government of Sir Anerood Jugnauth as Minister of Industry and Tourism, then became Minister of Industry, Commerce, Corporate Affairs & Financial Services in the Government led by the Mauritius Labour Party, between 1999 and 2000. He was then Minister of Tourism, Leisure and External Communications from 2005 to 2010, in the coalition again with the MLP and Minister of Social Integration from 2010 to 2011. He serves as Member of Parliament for constituency No 18, Belle Rose and Quatre Bornes since 2005.
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<h2><span id="Minister_of_Tourism_.282005-2010.29"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Minister_of_Tourism_(2005-2010)">Minister of Tourism (2005-2010)</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>As Minister of Tourism and External Communication, Xavier-Luc Duval contributed to boost the image de marque of the destination culminating in a record in growth of tourist arrivals and revenues in 2008. During his time in office he also introduced a New Tourism Act enhanced regulations and improving the business climate to boost the tourism sector.
</p><p>In 2006 with the creation of the Festival International Kreol, Xavier-Luc Duval aimed at promoting creole culture through poetry, dance and music. The festival has become a yearly event, with participation of international creole artists such as Compagnie Creole, Zouk Machine, Images, and Shaggy as well as Mauritian groups such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sanedhip_Bhimjee" title="Sanedhip Bhimjee">Sanedhip Bhimjee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup>
</p><p>During his mandate at the Ministry of Tourism, tremendous work was done to upgrade a large number of sites, including touristic sites and residential areas, especially some places like Roche-Bois for a better integration on the train of development.
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<p>Xavier-Luc Duval was given the responsibility to launch the Ministry of Social Integration Economic Empowerment after the general elections of 2010. He created a new policy for social housing, launched a new program for the integration of the young children at grass root level, encouraged the empowerment of women and identifying new talents in vulnerable groups (through sports and arts), as economic empowerment gained a new impetus under his leadership.
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<p>When he was appointed <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_and_Economic_Development_(Mauritius)" title="Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (Mauritius)">Finance Minister</a> in mid-2011, Duval did not lose sight of social integration. In his successive Budgets in 2012 2013 and 2014 huge support has been given to the vulnerable groups, especially in the fields of housing and education. Special schemes include the construction of concrete cum CIS houses in poor areas or abolition of fees for the purchase of land. Financial support is given to the needy children who attend school, day care centres are created in specific areas. Generally, all students of Form 4 and Form 5 are now entitled to own a tablet.
</p><p>Fishermen involved in low scale fisheries are encouraged to enrol in aquaculture projects. They also benefit of VAT refund on their equipment and boats. This is also the case for small planters.
</p><p>Hon. Duval has also been very active in promoting youth employment and measures He launched a Youth Employment Programme in 2013 which has already employed more than 5,000 youth. Support to SMEs is another aspect which he is very sensible to, especially with regards to access to finance. He has introduced a special scheme with the partnership of commercial banks.
</p><p>More importantly, Hon. Duval has geared the economy safely with Mauritius maintaining sound economic fundamentals as the growth is, against all odds, at 3.2%, and inflation under control at 3.6% Unemployment rate is at 8.3%. Total investments for 2013 is totalling Rs 10 billion.
</p><p>In his successive Budgets Hon. Duval has emphasised on the importance of technology. Various measures have been introduced to increase internet penetration and the use of technology at school, in enterprises, at home and in various public services. E-payment is now a reality at the Mauritius Revenue Authority, tablets and wifi have been introduced at school.
</p><p>Hon. Duval's vision is to make Mauritius movie towards a higher wage economy. The country is already a renowned financial centre of excellence and the Minister of Finance has spared no efforts to improve its legal framework. He has also given impetus to new sectors by introducing frameworks for the film industry and bunkering services.
</p><p>But the trademark of Hon. Duval is undeniably his African policy and his continuous efforts to promote Mauritius as a gateway to the continent for investment, promotional activities, support to enterprises, networking and training.
</p><p>He has launched the African Centre of Excellence in 2012 which provides information, encourages networking, and facilitates projects in Africa. 15 projects are already on going and 50 others are in the pipeline. The Mauritius Africa Fund has been launched this year to on stimulate Mauritian investment into Africa. The Export Guarantee Scheme, for export oriented enterprises to invest in Africa.
As Minister of Finance, Duval has twice been voted as African Finance Minister of the Year by Africa Investor – 2012 and 2013 as well as African Finance Minister of the Year by African Leadership Magazine in 2012.
</p><p>In 2013 he has been chosen as chairman Global Advisory Board by African Leadership Network. He also received the Distinguished Foreign Business Leadership Award by the Villanova Business School of the University of Villanova in Philadelphia, USA in 2012. In October 2013, he has been elevated to the rank of Commandeur de l'Ordre National de l'Etoile Equatoriale by President <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ali_Bongo_Ondimba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali Bongo Ondimba">Ali Bongo Ondimba</a> of Gabon.
Africans are also encouraged to take advantage of what Mauritius has to offer with specific schemes for training. Above all, visa requirements have been waived for 50 out of 54 African countries which is a testimony of Mauritius' intention to play a major role as the perfect meeting point in Africa.
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Controversies">Controversies</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2000_Transfer_of_state_funds_to_Swiss_Bank">2000 Transfer of state funds to Swiss Bank</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>On 22 March 2000, when he was part of the Labour-PMSD coalition, Xavier-Luc Duval's advisor <a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C3%89ric_Stauffer" title="Éric Stauffer">Éric Stauffer</a> made revelations about the transfer of large amounts of state funds belonging to Mauritius to a Swiss bank account. In preparation for the 1999 General Elections campaign <a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C3%89ric_Stauffer" title="Éric Stauffer">Éric Stauffer</a> also bought and shipped 3 fire-arms from Geneva to Mauritius. Although the fire-arms were illegal Duval managed to organise their clearance by Mauritian customs. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C3%89ric_Stauffer" title="Éric Stauffer">Éric Stauffer</a> also revealed that then Minister of Commerce Xavier-Luc Duval spent public taxpayers' funds to pay for international tourist trips during which Duval and his mistress Carole Hardy traveled to the Alps. Carole Hardy, the daughter of Miki Hardy, leader of religious sect <i>Église Chrétienne</i>, was also employed by Xavier-Luc Duval as his Communications Adviser. Mauritian authorities suspected <i>Église Chrétienne</i> to be also involved in child kidnappings.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> As a result <a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C3%89ric_Stauffer" title="Éric Stauffer">Éric Stauffer</a> could not return to Mauritius as he feared that Duval's partner Navin Ramgoolam would organise his arrest.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup>
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<h3><span id="2009_more_concerns_about_.C3.89glise_Chr.C3.A9tienne"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="2009_more_concerns_about_Église_Chrétienne">2009 more concerns about Église Chrétienne</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>In 2009 Opposition Leader Paul Bérenger raised his concerns in the press about the dangerous links between Xavier-Luc Duval's PMSD, the Tourism Authority, Events Mauritius and <i>Église Chrétienne</i>. Concerns had been raised about the role of a branch of <i>Église Chrétienne</i> called ASPA, as well as Church Team Ministries International (CTMI) as Carole Hardy's proximity to Xavier-Luc Duval made government bodies vulnerable to an infiltration risk.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup>
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<p>During the Private Notice Question (PNQ) session held on 9 November 2021 in the National Assembly the Minister of Health <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kailesh_Jagutpal" title="Kailesh Jagutpal">Kailesh Jagutpal</a> revealed that private firm MERCK was the sole importer of anti-COVID drugs <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Molnupiravir" title="Molnupiravir">Molnupiravir</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ronapreve" class="mw-redirect" title="Ronapreve">Ronapreve</a> on the island of Mauritius. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kailesh_Jagutpal" title="Kailesh Jagutpal">Kailesh Jagutpal</a> further revealed that Xavier-Luc Duval is one of the major shareholders of that firm, given that he owns 43,200 shares of MERCK.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Honours_and_awards">Honours and awards</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>Duval was appointed as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_and_Key_of_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean">Grand Commander of The Star & Key of the Indian Ocean</a> on the labour day of 2008 by the President <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sir_Anerood_Jugnauth" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a> and thus uses the Prefix Hon. and post nominal GCSK.
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Grand_Commander_of_the_Star_and_Key_of_the_Indian_Ocean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grand Commander of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean (page does not exist)">Grand Commander of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean</a>(G.C.S.K.), Republic of Mauritius – 2009
</p><p>Commandeur de l'Ordre National de l'Etoile Equatoriale de la République Gabonaise – 2013
</p><p>Distinguished Foreign Business Leadership Award by the Villanova Business School of the University of Villanova in Philadelphia, USA −2012
</p><p>African Finance Minister of the Year by African Leadership Magazine −2012
</p><p>African Finance Minister of the Year by Africa Investor −2012
</p><p>African Finance Minister of the Year by Africa Investor −2013
</p><p>Southern African Economic Development Champion Award by African Leadership Magazine – 2014
</p><p>Special Commendation from the Georgia Legislative Black Caucus, USA – 2014
</p><p>Chairman Global Advisory Board – African Leadership Network (since 2013)
</p><p>Chairman of Public Accounts Committee (PAC), (2000–2005)
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Pages/1987/Elected-Members-1987.aspx">http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Pages/1987/Elected-Members-1987.aspx</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://electoral.gov.mu/English/electionresult/nasselec/Documents/1995/allyr95.pdf">1995 election result</a> gov.mu <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span>
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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1215172403">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lexpress.mu/article/338896/il-y-21-ans-xavier-duval-est-expulse-pmsd">"Il y a 21 ans: Xavier Duval est expulsé du PMSD"</a>. L'Express<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Il+y+a+21+ans%3A+Xavier+Duval+est+expuls%C3%A9+du+PMSD&rft.pub=L%27Express&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flexpress.mu%2Farticle%2F338896%2Fil-y-21-ans-xavier-duval-est-expulse-pmsd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXavier-Luc+Duval" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/icac-declaration-of-assets-act-aucune-valeur-monetaire-attribuee-aux-avoirs-des-elus-de-2014-et-2019/320671/">"ICAC – Declaration of assets Act: Aucune valeur monétaire attribuée aux avoirs des élus de 2014 et 2019"</a>. Le Mauricien<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICAC+%E2%80%93+Declaration+of+assets+Act%3A+Aucune+valeur+mon%C3%A9taire+attribu%C3%A9e+aux+avoirs+des+%C3%A9lus+de+2014+et+2019&rft.pub=Le+Mauricien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemauricien.com%2Fle-mauricien%2Ficac-declaration-of-assets-act-aucune-valeur-monetaire-attribuee-aux-avoirs-des-elus-de-2014-et-2019%2F320671%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXavier-Luc+Duval" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/n-17-curepipemidlands-la-ville-lumiere-redevient-bleue/47588/">"N°17 Curepipe Midlands: La Ville Lumière redevient bleue!"</a>. Le Mauricien<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=N%C2%B017+Curepipe+Midlands%3A+La+Ville+Lumi%C3%A8re+redevient+bleue%21&rft.pub=Le+Mauricien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemauricien.com%2Fle-mauricien%2Fn-17-curepipemidlands-la-ville-lumiere-redevient-bleue%2F47588%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXavier-Luc+Duval" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemauricien.com/le-mauricien/festival-international-kreol-2014-xavier-luc-duval-si-tourisme-va-bien-tout-va-bien/47159/">"Festival International Kreol 2014—XAVIER-LUC DUVAL: « si le tourisme va bien, tout va bien »"</a>. Le Mauricien<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Festival+International+Kreol+2014%E2%80%94XAVIER-LUC+DUVAL%3A+%C2%AB+si+le+tourisme+va+bien%2C+tout+va+bien+%C2%BB&rft.pub=Le+Mauricien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemauricien.com%2Fle-mauricien%2Ffestival-international-kreol-2014-xavier-luc-duval-si-tourisme-va-bien-tout-va-bien%2F47159%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXavier-Luc+Duval" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFKoller2000" class="citation news cs1">Koller, Frédéric (13 April 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.letemps.ch/societe/denoncant-un-scandale-un-genevois-met-lile-maurice-sens-dessus-dessous">"En dénonçant un scandale, un Genevois met l'île Maurice sens dessus dessous"</a>. <i>Le Temps</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2001</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Temps&rft.atitle=En+d%C3%A9non%C3%A7ant+un+scandale%2C+un+Genevois+met+l%27%C3%AEle+Maurice+sens+dessus+dessous&rft.date=2000-04-13&rft.aulast=Koller&rft.aufirst=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.letemps.ch%2Fsociete%2Fdenoncant-un-scandale-un-genevois-met-lile-maurice-sens-dessus-dessous&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXavier-Luc+Duval" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHope" class="citation web cs1">Hope, Béatrice. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexpress.mu/article/miki-hardy-%C2%ABl%E2%80%99eglise-chr%C3%A9tienne-ne-recherche-les-faveurs-d%E2%80%99aucun-politicien%C2%BB">"Miki Hardy: "L'Eglise chrétienne ne recherche les faveurs d'aucun politicien"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. L'Express<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miki+Hardy%3A+%22L%27Eglise+chr%C3%A9tienne+ne+recherche+les+faveurs+d%27aucun+politicien%22&rft.pub=L%27Express&rft.aulast=Hope&rft.aufirst=B%C3%A9atrice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexpress.mu%2Farticle%2Fmiki-hardy-%25C2%25ABl%25E2%2580%2599eglise-chr%25C3%25A9tienne-ne-recherche-les-faveurs-d%25E2%2580%2599aucun-politicien%25C2%25BB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXavier-Luc+Duval" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexpress.mu/article/256411/eric-stauffer-ancien-conseiller-xavier-duval-revient-maurice">"Eric Stauffer, ancien conseiller de Xavier Duval, revient à Maurice"</a>. L'Express. 16 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eric+Stauffer%2C+ancien+conseiller+de+Xavier+Duval%2C+revient+%C3%A0+Maurice&rft.pub=L%27Express&rft.date=2014-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexpress.mu%2Farticle%2F256411%2Feric-stauffer-ancien-conseiller-xavier-duval-revient-maurice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXavier-Luc+Duval" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAbat" class="citation web cs1">Abat, Marine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zinfos974.com/Elle-se-bat-pour-renouer-des-liens-avec-sa-fille-endoctrinee-par-une-secte-a-Maurice_a157794.html">"Elle se bat pour renouer des liens avec sa fille, endoctrinée par une "secte" à Maurice"</a>. Zinfos974<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elle+se+bat+pour+renouer+des+liens+avec+sa+fille%2C+endoctrin%C3%A9e+par+une+%22secte%22+%C3%A0+Maurice&rft.pub=Zinfos974&rft.aulast=Abat&rft.aufirst=Marine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zinfos974.com%2FElle-se-bat-pour-renouer-des-liens-avec-sa-fille-endoctrinee-par-une-secte-a-Maurice_a157794.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXavier-Luc+Duval" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inside.news/2021/11/09/pnq-jagutpal-revele-que-xld-detiendrait-des-actions-dune-compagnie-importatrice-de-deux-medicaments-anti-covid/">"PNQ : Jagutpal révèle que XLD détiendrait des actions d'une compagnie importatrice de deux médicaments anti-covid"</a>. Inside News. 9 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PNQ+%3A+Jagutpal+r%C3%A9v%C3%A8le+que+XLD+d%C3%A9tiendrait+des+actions+d%27une+compagnie+importatrice+de+deux+m%C3%A9dicaments+anti-covid&rft.pub=Inside+News&rft.date=2021-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finside.news%2F2021%2F11%2F09%2Fpnq-jagutpal-revele-que-xld-detiendrait-des-actions-dune-compagnie-importatrice-de-deux-medicaments-anti-covid%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXavier-Luc+Duval" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Abdool_Razack_Mohamed" title="Abdool Razack Mohamed">Abdool Razack Mohamed</a></li>
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<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Harish_Boodhoo" title="Harish Boodhoo">Harish Boodhoo</a></li>
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<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Satcam_Boolell" title="Satcam Boolell">Satcam Boolell</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Prem_Nababsing" title="Prem Nababsing">Prem Nababsing</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cassam_Uteem" title="Cassam Uteem">Cassam Uteem</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paul_B%C3%A9renger" title="Paul Bérenger">Paul Bérenger</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kailash_Purryag" title="Kailash Purryag">Kailash Purryag</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pravind_Jugnauth" title="Pravind Jugnauth">Pravind Jugnauth</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rashid_Beebeejaun" title="Rashid Beebeejaun">Rashid Beebeejaun</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Xavier-Luc Duval</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ivan_Collendavelloo" title="Ivan Collendavelloo">Ivan Collendavelloo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Louis_Steven_Obeegadoo" title="Louis Steven Obeegadoo">Louis Steven Obeegadoo</a></li></ul>
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rama_Sithanen" title="Rama Sithanen">Rama Sithanen</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pravind_Jugnauth" title="Pravind Jugnauth">Pravind Jugnauth</a></li>
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<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anil_Bachoo" title="Anil Bachoo">Anil Bachoo</a></li></ul>
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<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vice_prime_ministers_of_Mauritius" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Vice prime ministers of Mauritius">Commons</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1713185989' |
