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'{{United States Constitution article series}}[[Image:22nd Amendment Pg1of1 AC.jpg|190px|thumb|Amendment XXII in the [[National Archives and Records Administration|National Archives]]]] :''"Twenty-second Amendment" redirects here. For alternative meanings, see [[Twenty-second Amendment (disambiguation)]].'' The '''Twenty-second Amendment''' ('''Amendment XXII''') of the [[United States Constitution]] sets a [[term limit]] for the [[President of the United States]]. The Congress passed the amendment on March 21, 1947.<ref>[http://www.archives.gov/national-archives-experience/charters/constitution_amendments_11-27.html Charters of Freedom - The Declaration of Independence, The Constitution, The Bill of Rights]</ref> It was [[Article Five of the United States Constitution#Ratification|ratified]] by the requisite number of states on February 27, 1951. The Amendment was the final result of the recommendations of the [[Hoover Commission]] which was established by President [[Harry S. Truman]] in 1947.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} ==Interaction with the Twelfth Amendment== There is an open question regarding the interpretation of the Twenty-second Amendment as it relates to the [[Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Twelfth Amendment]], ratified in 1804, which provides that "no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice President of the United States." While it is clear that under the Twelfth Amendment the original constitutional qualifications of age, citizenship, and residency apply to both the President and Vice President, it is unclear if a two-term President could later be elected—or appointed—Vice President. Some argue<ref>{{cite journal|title= Constitutional Sleight of Hand|author=Matthew J. Franck|date=2007-07-31|accessdate=2008-06-12|publisher=[[National Review|National Review Online]]|url=http://bench.nationalreview.com/post/?q=NDgwODVmMzcwMTQwNDM3YjU0OGE5ZjQyOTIxNmUyYzY=}}</ref> that the Twenty-second Amendment and Twelfth Amendment bar any two-term President from later serving as Vice President as well as from succeeding to the presidency from any point in the [[United States presidential line of succession]]. Others contend<ref>{{cite news|title=Why the Constitution permits a Gore-Clinton ticket|author=[[Michael C. Dorf]]|publisher=[[CNN|CNN Interactive]]|url=http://archives.cnn.com/2000/LAW/08/columns/fl.dorf.goreclinton.08.01/ | date=2000-08-02}}</ref><ref> {{cite news|title=How to bring back Bill|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/0613/p09s02-coop.html |author=Scott E. Gant|coauthors=Bruce G. Peabody|publisher=[[Christian Science Monitor]]|date=2006-06-13|accessdate=2008-06-12}}</ref> that the Twelfth Amendment concerns qualification for ''service'', while the Twenty-second Amendment concerns qualifications for ''election'', and thus a former two-term president is still eligible to ''serve'' as president. Neither theory has ever been tested, as no former President has ever sought the Vice Presidency, and thus the courts have never been required to make a judgment. In 1980, as former President [[Gerald Ford]] was being considered a possible running mate for Republican candidate [[Ronald Reagan]], an issue arose regarding how many terms Ford could serve, if he succeeded to the Presidency, since he served more than two years of [[Richard Nixon]]'s second term. ==See also== * [[Hoover Commission]] * [[Harry S. Truman]] * [[James Farley]] * [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] ==References== {{Reflist}} *[http://sources.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States_of_America ''Constitution of the United States.''] *[http://alpha.fdu.edu/~peabody/Twice_and_Future_President.html ''Bruce G. Peabody and Scott E. Gant (1997). “The Twice and Future President: Constitutional Interstices and the Twenty-Second Amendment,” Minnesota Law Review 83, no. 3. February 1999: 565-635.''] ==External links== * [http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_amendments_11-27.html#22 National Archives: Twenty second Amendment] *[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c111:H.J.RES.5: H.J.RES.5] - The latest bill introduced in Congress proposing to repeal the Twenty second Amendment. There have been many similar proposals introduced in previous Congresses, none of which has been acted on. This proposal remains in committee. *[http://www.law.cornell.edu/anncon/html/amdt22toc_user.html CRS Annotated Constitution: Twenty second Amendment] {{US Constitution}} {{DEFAULTSORT:22}} [[Category:1951 in law|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Amendments to the United States Constitution]] [[Category:History of the United States (1945–1964)]] [[Category:1951 in the United States]] [[am:የአሜሪካ ሕገ መንግሥት 22ኛ ማሻሻያ አንቀጽ]] [[de:22. Zusatzartikel zur Verfassung der Vereinigten Staaten]] [[es:Vigesimosegunda Enmienda a la Constitución de los Estados Unidos]] [[fa:اصلاحیه بیست و دوم قانون اساسی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] [[he:התיקון ה-22 לחוקת ארצות הברית]] [[ja:アメリカ合衆国憲法修正第22条]] [[pl:22. poprawka do Konstytucji Stanów Zjednoczonych]] [[ru:Двадцать вторая поправка к Конституции США]] [[zh:美國憲法第二十二修正案]]'