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'{{short description|Overview of the climate of Delhi, India}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}} {{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}} {{climate chart |[[New Delhi]], [[Safdarjung (Delhi)|Safdarjung]] (1991-2020) |7.5|20.1|19.2 |10.6|24.2|21.5 |15.6|29.9|19.1 |21.3|36.5|12.5 |25.8|39.9|29.4 |27.7|39.0|80.6 |27.5|35.6|195.8 |26.7|34.2|226.8 |25.0|34.1|128.0 |19.5|33.0|14.1 |13.0|28.4|4.1 |8.4|22.8|8.0 |source=[https://mausam.imd.gov.in/newdelhi/mcdata/safdarjung2.pdf IMD] |float=right |clear=none }} '''[[Delhi]]''' features a dry winter [[humid subtropical|humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cwa'') bordering a [[semi-arid climate|hot semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''BSh''), with high variation between summer and winter temperatures and precipitation. Delhi's version of a [[humid subtropical]] climate is markedly different from many other humid subtropical cities such as [[São Paulo]], [[Houston]], and [[Brisbane]] in that the city features [[dust storms]] (something more commonly seen in a [[desert climate]]) and [[wildfire]] [[haze]] (something seen in a [[Mediterranean climate]]) due to its [[Semi-arid climate|semi-arid]] climate.<ref name="Delhi Climate">{{cite web|title=Delhi Climate|url=http://weatherspark.com/averages/33934/4/15/New-Delhi-India|publisher=Weather Spark}}</ref> Summer starts in early April and peaks in late May or early June, with average temperatures near {{convert|38|C|F}} although occasional heat waves can result in highs close to {{convert|45|C|F}} on some days and therefore higher [[apparent temperature]]. The monsoon starts in late June and lasts until mid-September, with about {{convert|797.3|mm|in|abbr=in}}<ref name=ecosurv1>{{cite web | url = http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/newdelhi1.htm | title = Climatological Table | accessdate = 2009-05-13 | publisher = Indian Meteorological Department | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090521103828/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/newdelhi1.htm | archive-date = 21 May 2009 | url-status = dead }}</ref> of rain. The average temperatures are around {{convert|29|C|F}}, although they can vary from around {{convert|25|C|F}} on rainy days to {{convert|35-40|C|F}} during dry spells. The monsoons recede in late September, and the post-monsoon season continues till late October, with average temperatures sliding from {{convert|29|to|21|C|F}}. Winter starts in November and peaks in January, with average temperatures around {{convert|14|C|F}}. Although daytime temperatures are warm, Delhi's proximity to the [[Himalaya]]s results in cold waves leading to lower [[apparent temperature]] due to [[wind chill]]. Delhi is notorious for its heavy fog and haze during the winter season. In December, reduced visibility leads to disruption of road, air and rail traffic.<ref name=Fog>{{cite news | url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/01/07/stories/2005010719480300.htm| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050113001515/http://www.hindu.com/2005/01/07/stories/2005010719480300.htm| url-status=dead| archive-date=2005-01-13| title=Fog continues to disrupt flights, trains| date=2006-01-07| accessdate=2006-05-16| newspaper=[[The Hindu]]| location=Chennai, India }}</ref> Winter ends by the first week of March. Extreme temperatures have ranged from {{convert|-2.2|to|49.2|C|F}}.<ref name="Indian Met Department, Pune">{{cite web|title=Ever Recorded Highest Maximum Temperature, Lowest Minimum Temperature and 24 Hours Heaviest Rainfall up to 2010 |url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/Temp_Extremes/histext2010.pdf |publisher=Indian Met Department, Pune |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316064314/http://www.imdpune.gov.in/Temp_Extremes/histext2010.pdf |archivedate=2014-03-16 }}</ref> == Classifications == {{Schemebox|city=Delhi|description_t=[[Aw climate|Tropical wet-and-dry]]|initial_t={{TrewarthaClimate|Aw}}|source_t=<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kkh.ltrr.arizona.edu/kkh/climate/trewartha_maps.htm|language=en|access-date=2020-11-30|title=Trewartha Maps}}</ref>|source_s=<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://i.pinimg.com/originals/c5/16/b8/c516b8c463fa99df0da778f768c85965.jpg|title=World Strahler Climate Map}}</ref>|initial_s={{n/a}}|description_s=Dry tropical semi-arid|description_k=Dry winter humid subtropical|initial_k={{KoppenClimate|Cwa}}|source_k=<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Chakraborty|first1=Surya|last2=Kant|first2=Yogesh|last3=Mitra|first3=Debashis|date=22 November 2013|title= Assessment of land surface temperature and heat fluxes over Delhi using remote sensing data|journal=Journal of Environmental Management|language=en|volume=148|pages=143–152|doi=10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.034|pmid=24360191}}</ref>|source_n=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.geo.tu-freiberg.de/hydro/aral/aral_en/climate.htm|access-date=2020-11-30|language=en|title=The Climate of Lake Aral}}</ref>|initial_n={{n/a}}|description_n=Tropical alternating climate equatorial climate|source_a=<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Eguchi|first=Takashi|date=1986|title=Global Climatic Classification Based on Seasonal Distribution of Non-Precipitation Areas|volume=59|issue=1|pages=43–54|language=en|journal=Geographical Review of Japan|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/grj1984b/59/1/59_1_43/_pdf}}</ref>|initial_a={{n/a}}|description_a=Sub-equatorial climate|source_tw=<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Feddema|first=Johannes J.|date=January 2005|title=A Revised Thornthwaite-Type Global Climate Classification|journal=Physical Geography|language=en|volume=26|issue=6|pages=442–466|doi=10.2747/0272-3646.26.6.442|s2cid=128745497|issn=0272-3646}}</ref>|initial_tw={{center|DA'd}}|description_tw=[[Semi-arid climate|Semi-arid]] and [[megathermal]]}} ==Overview of seasonal distribution== * Spring: February, March; warm days, cool nights, pleasant; low to moderate humidity; moderate precipitation * Summer: April, May, June; hot to very hot; very low to moderate humidity; low precipitation * Monsoon (Rainy): July, August, September; hot, pleasant during rains; high to very high humidity; heavy precipitation * Autumn: October, November; warm days, cool nights, pleasant; low humidity; low precipitation * Winter: December, January; cool days, cold nights; moderate humidity; medium precipitation ==Seasons== Delhi lies in the landlocked [[Indo-Gangetic Plain|Northern Plains]] of the [[Indian Subcontinent]]. Its climate is greatly influenced by its proximity to the [[Himalayas]] and the [[Thar Desert]], causing it to experience both weather extremes. Delhi has 5 distinct seasons, viz. Summer, Rainy, Autumn, Winter and Spring.<ref name="Seasons of Delhi">{{cite web | url=http://www.delhitourism.gov.in/delhitourism/aboutus/seasons_of_delhi.jsp | title=Seasons of Delhi | publisher=Delhi Tourism | accessdate=17 June 2018 }}</ref> Broadly speaking, Delhi has long and scorching summers- sub-divided into dry summer and humid monsoon seasons, short and mildly cold winters, and two bouts of pleasant transition seasons. The two most important wind patterns influencing Delhi's climate are the [[Western Disturbance]] and the [[Monsoon of Indian subcontinent|South-West Winds]]. ===Summer=== Summer begins in early April and continues till the middle of June, with the heat peaking in late May and early June. It is characterized by extreme heat, low humidity, very hot winds and thunderstorms. Delhi's proximity to the [[Thar Desert]] results in hot, dry continental winds, called [[loo (wind)|loo]], at times blowing all across from the West Asian mainland, making the days feel hotter. These winds, blowing over from vast land stretches, are very hot and dry. Since the [[Western Disturbance]] depression moves eastward (and is the reason for cyclonic occurrences in Eastern Coastal areas) by this time of the year, there is no moisture-laden wind to increase humidity. The air therefore remains dry or very dry during the day. For most of its summer season, Delhi has a [[Semi-arid climate|semi-arid]] climate.<ref name="Delhi Climate"/> Coming from Spring, the city witnesses a spurt in day temperature around early April, whereas nights still remain pleasant. By the latter part of April or during early May, maximum temperatures exceed {{convert|40|C|F}} while the ambience remains very dry. Night temperatures cross the {{convert|20|C|F}} mark towards the latter part of April. May is Delhi's hottest month during which temperatures may reach {{convert|45|C|F}} or higher.<ref>{{cite web|title= Weather in May in Delhi|url=http://weatherspark.com/averages/33934/5/New-Delhi-India}}</ref> This month is characterized by frequent [[thunderstorms]].<ref>{{cite web|title= NDTV news on Delhi's thunderstorm|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/thunderstorm-cools-delhi-after-scorching-heat-210035}}</ref> [[Dust storms]] are another feature of Delhi's summer,<ref>{{cite web|title= A news mentioning Dust Storm in Delhi|url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/dust-storm-light-rain-in-parts-of-delhi-lead-2_100617491.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title= The Tribune's news featuring Delhi's Dust Storm|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120513/delhi.htm}}</ref> and can be severe and destructive when accompanied by strong winds, particularly under [[Cumulonimbus cloud|cumulonimbus formation]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Strong dust storm in Delhi on May 30, 2014|url=https://in.news.yahoo.com/huge-dust-storm--heavy-rain-in-delhi--metro-suspended-123810015.html}}</ref> These are caused due to fine dust brought along by the hot winds arriving from the desert. They make the surroundings appear pale yellow, bring temperatures slightly down and are usually followed by [[thunderstorms]]. Post mid-June, temperatures start falling slowly, while humidity shows a gradual rise. A visual characteristic of summer in Delhi is the summer bloom, particularly the blooming [[Bougainvillea]], [[Cassia fistula|Amaltas]], [[Delonix regia|Gulmohar]], [[Albizia lebbeck|Shireesh]] and [[Jacaranda]] trees, which look spectacular when fully flowering during peak summer in May.<ref>{{cite web|title= Amaltas bloom in Delhi during May|url=http://www.thedelhiwalla.com/2010/05/11/city-season-%E2%80%93-amaltas-tree-hauz-khas-village/}}</ref> ===Monsoon=== [[Monsoon]] winds arrive in Delhi by either the end of June or the first week of July.<ref name="Seasons of Delhi"/> The arrival of moisture-laden South-Western winds, travelling from the [[Arabian Sea]] marks the onset of the humid season in Delhi. This season is marked by high levels of humidity and high heat. Day temperatures drop below {{convert|40|C|F}} as humidity suddenly soars.<ref>{{cite web|title= Weather in July in Delhi|url=http://weatherspark.com/averages/33934/7/New-Delhi-India}}</ref> July is marked by high heat and relatively less precipitation (as compared to August). This transition from scorching to sweltering heat between June and July makes the latter feel very uncomfortable. August is Delhi's wettest month. The heat is considerably reduced and it is relatively cooler for most of the month. There is dense cloud formation in the sky and at least a week of distinct, heavy rainfall.<ref>{{cite web|title= Weather in August in Delhi|url=http://weatherspark.com/averages/33934/8/New-Delhi-India}}</ref> By September, the amount and frequency of precipitation drops, though humidity remains high.<ref>{{cite web|title= Weather in September in Delhi|url=http://weatherspark.com/averages/33934/9/New-Delhi-India}}</ref> Towards the end of September, the moisture content in the air begins to fall and monsoon ends by early October. In [[India]], the Rainy season is referred to as "Rituraani", meaning the Queen of Seasons. ===Autumn=== The end of the monsoon marks the arrival of a transition season. Autumn arrives by early or mid-October and is marked by a very dry ambience, warm days and pleasant nights. Maximum temperatures drop below {{convert|30|C|F}} by late October and there is a gradual fall in average temperature. The minimum temperature drops below {{convert|20|C|F}}.<ref>{{cite web|title= Weather in Delhi in November|url=http://weatherspark.com/averages/33934/11/New-Delhi-India}}</ref> During Autumn, the wind direction begins changing from South-Westerly to North-Westerly. In recent decades, Delhi has seen a hazardous increase in [[air pollution]] levels and toxic [[smog]] for several weeks between late October and the end of November caused by [[stubble burning]] by farmers in the Indian states lying north of [[Delhi]] for fresh sowing at this time of the year, which is exacerbated by the usually almost still air around this time that causes the pollutants to hang in [[Delhi]]'s air for many days. Around late autumn, the variation between morning and afternoon temperatures in a day becomes considerable, and can often be more than 20°C (36°F), with minimum dropping to under {{convert|10|C|F}} and maximum still hovering slightly under {{convert|30|C|F}}. This season ends in early December. ===Winter=== Winter arrives in Delhi by early December. Minimum temperatures gradually enter single digits by this time of the year, while days are cool. Though usually not cold initially, December suddenly becomes cold in the latter half, as chilly north-western winds from the [[Himalayas]] begin sweeping the [[Indo-Gangetic Plain|Northern Plains]]. These cold waves are caused by a depression created by [[Western Disturbance]], which bring cloud cover and winter rains to the [[Indo-Gangetic Plain|Plains]], and add to snowfall in the North-Western [[Indian Subcontinent]]. By early January, when winter peaks in Delhi, the minimum temperatures plunge to the vicinity of {{convert|0|C|F}},<ref>{{Cite web |date= 8 January 2006|title=At 0.2?C, Delhi gets coldest day in 70 yrs |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/at-0-2-c-delhi-gets-coldest-day-in-70-yrs/story-MFFe4zoHKT1NrMdimBWCIO.html |access-date=2006-01-08 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref name="1.9°C on a day in 2013">{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/delhi-shivers-at-19-degrees-celsius/article4281551.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Delhi shivers at 1.9 degrees Celsius | date=2013-01-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=At 1.1 Degrees, Delhi Records Coldest New Year's Day In 15 Years |url=https://www.ndtv.com/delhi-news/delhi-weather-at-1-1-degrees-delhi-records-coldest-new-years-day-morning-in-15-years-2346345 |access-date=2021-01-01 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref> though very rarely entering the negative scale. Maximum temperatures, too may drop down into single digits<ref name="Maximum temperature was 9.8°C on January 2, 2013">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/at-9-8-degrees-celsius-wednesday-was-delhi-s-coldest-day-in-44-years-312479|title = At 9.8 degrees Celsius, Wednesday was Delhi's coldest day in 44 years}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |first2= |last3= |last4= |first4= |title=With max temperature at 9.4°C, Delhi gets its coldest day in 119 years |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/records-swept-away-highest-jan-rainfall-in-delhi-since-1901/articleshow/89080718.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231093021/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/with-max-temperature-at-9-4c-delhi-gets-its-coldest-day-in-119-years/articleshow/73038388.cms |archive-date=2019-12-31 |access-date=2019-12-31 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> and always stay under {{convert|15|C|F}}. When the minimum temperature ventures very close to the {{convert|0|C|F}} mark, Delhi witnesses [[frost]].<ref name="News on frost in Delhi in 2006">{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-01-09/delhi/27791060_1_snow-cold-waves-chilly-morning | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109074912/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-01-09/delhi/27791060_1_snow-cold-waves-chilly-morning | url-status=dead | archive-date=2014-01-09 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=When Delhi woke up to 'snow' | date=2006-01-09}}</ref> [[Snow]] is a practical impossibility for Delhi (and the rest of [[Indo-Gangetic Plain|Northern Plains]]) due to very dry nature of its winter- the coldest conditions happen under clear skies when icy winds rush in from the Himalayas, and a cloud cover (which is necessary for causing snowfall) rather warms the city by trapping heat, thereby junking any possibility of snow. Delhi's winter is marked by very dense [[fog]] (not to be confused with [[smog]] that occurs in the month of November), which dramatically reduces visibility<ref>{{cite web|title= An instance of dense fog in Delhi|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/dense-fog-shuts-delhi-airport-affects-86-flights-324996}}</ref> and makes days colder by cutting off sunlight. In the opposite scenario, cold north-westerly winds from the upper reaches of [[Himalayas]] blowing across the city make the days feel colder, despite any sunshine and the nights further cold.<ref>{{cite web|title= Cold wave forces schools shut in Delhi|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/delhi-schools-to-be-closed-till-january-12-due-to-cold-wave-312966}}</ref> Post-mid-January, average temperatures begin to rise very gradually, though the rise is almost contained by the cold north-western winds which result due to very heavy snowfall that occurs in the Himalayas during this part of the month.<ref>{{cite web|title= Cold wave, slight rise in temperature on January 20, 2011|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/NewDelhi/Chilly-winds-continue-to-sweep-Delhi/Article1-652545.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110205194008/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/newdelhi/Chilly-winds-continue-to-sweep-Delhi/Article1-652545.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 February 2011}}</ref> It may rain towards the end of January and the precipitation is usually accompanied by hail,<ref>{{cite web|title= Hailstorm in Delhi|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/overnight-rain-hailstorm-lash-delhi-temperature-dips-319026}}</ref> resulting in slight increase in minimum temperatures due to cloud cover. Maximum temperatures again cross {{convert|20|C|F}} and days become pleasant. By mid-February or somewhat beyond, minimum temperatures cross the {{convert|10|C|F}} mark and days start getting warmer gradually, marking the end of winter. Delhi can sometimes have a prolonged season of chill, extending into March.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/article2981071.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Cool March weather surprises Delhi | date=2012-03-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title= Coldest April in 30 years|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-05-02/delhi/31537401_1_degrees-maximum-temperature-wds|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130224025651/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-05-02/delhi/31537401_1_degrees-maximum-temperature-wds|url-status=dead|work= [[The Times of India]]|archive-date=2013-02-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date= 2 March 2019|title=Delhi experiences coldest March night in 40 years |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/delhi-experiences-coldest-march-night-in-40-years/story-uNE3mG3IvxWUzEnIPonelI.html |access-date=2019-03-02 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> ===Spring=== Around the middle of February, Delhi's climate sees another transition, this time from Winter to Summer. The transition weather is known as Spring and is characterized by warm days, cool nights, dry ambience and lively natural surroundings.<ref>{{cite web|title= Weather in Delhi in February|url=http://weatherspark.com/averages/33934/2/New-Delhi-India}}</ref> The weather is pleasant and there is warm, brilliant sunshine during the day. For all its characteristics, in [[India]] it is referred to as "Rituraaj", meaning the King of Seasons.<ref>{{cite web|title=Vasant or Spring is King of All Seasons|website=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/edit-page/vasant-or-spring-is-king-of-all-seasons/articleshow/1410613.cms}}</ref> Spring rains<ref>{{cite web|title= 2013 had heaviest February rains in 70 years|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/report/delhi-receives-februarys-highest-rainfall-in-70-years/20130205.htm}}</ref> are a characteristic of this season. These rains may be accompanied by hail and can be heavy. Average temperatures show a slow, gradual rise as the wind direction shift from North-West to South-West, thereby getting warmer. Around late spring/ early summer, the variation between morning and afternoon temperatures in a day becomes considerable, and can often be more than {{convert|20|C|F}}, with maximum rising to mid 30s&nbsp;°C ({{convert|34|-|36|C|F|disp=out}}) and minimum in the mid 10s&nbsp;°C ({{convert|14|-|16|C|F|disp=out}}). Spring ends by the latter half of March and the day temperatures exceed {{convert|30|C|F}} by then,<ref>{{cite web|title=When it rains during the spring season, day temperatures hardly cross 24 degrees Celsius while nights remain relatively cold at about 13 degrees Celsius Spring can often have cold waves resulting in low temperatures dropping to about 9 degrees Celsius in early march Weather in Delhi in March|url=http://weatherspark.com/averages/33934/3/New-Delhi-India}}</ref> marking the onset of the next summer. ==Rainfall== Delhi receives an average annual precipitation of 774.4 mm.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-31 |title=Temp & Rainfall |url=https://mausam.imd.gov.in/newdelhi/mcdata/Observational_table.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231132430/https://mausam.imd.gov.in/newdelhi/mcdata/Observational_table.pdf |archive-date=2023-12-31 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=Indian Meteorological Department}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/4-mths-left-city-crosses-annual-rain-quota/articleshow/102865895.cms|title=4 months left, Delhi crosses annual rain quota|newspaper=Times of India|date=20 August 2023}}</ref> ==Climate data== Temperature records for Delhi exist for a period of a little over 100 years. The lowest ever temperature reading during this period is {{convert|-2.2|C|F}}, recorded on 11 January 1967 at [[India Meteorological Department|Met]] Delhi Palam. And, the highest ever temperature reading during the same period is {{convert|49.9|C|F}} recorded in 28 May 2024, at [[India Meteorological Department|Met]] Delhi Mungeshpur and Narela.<ref name="Indian Met Department, Pune"/><ref name="red">{{Cite web|url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/Temp_Extremes/histext2010.pdf |title=Extremes for Delhi |publisher=Indian Meteorological Department |accessdate=21 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316064314/http://www.imdpune.gov.in/Temp_Extremes/histext2010.pdf |archivedate=16 March 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-28 |title=Press Bulletin of Delhi on 28 May 2024 |url=https://rmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/press/press.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529025914/https://rmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/press/press.php |archive-date=2024-05-29 |access-date=2024-05-29 |website=India Meteorological Department}}</ref> The highest temperature ever recorded in June is {{convert|48.0|C|F}} on 10 June 2019 at Met [[Indira Gandhi International Airport]], [[Palam, Delhi|Palam]]. The highest & lowest ever temperature recorded at Safdarjung are {{convert|47.2|C|F}} on 29 May 1944 & {{convert|-0.6|C|F}} on 16 January 1935. The highest & lowest ever temperature recorded at Palam are {{convert|48.4|C|F}} on 26 May 1998 & {{convert|-2.2|C|F}} on 11 January 1967. The highest & lowest ever temperature recorded at Ayanagar are {{convert|47.6|C|F}} on 28 May 2024 & {{convert|-1.3|C|F}} on 22 January 1977. The highest & lowest ever temperature recorded at Delhi Ridge are {{convert|47.9|C|F}} on 10 June 2019 & {{convert|1.5|C|F}} on 7 January 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Delhi Ridge's minimum temperature dips to 1.5 degrees; multiple flights delayed |work=Hindustan Times |publisher=Hindustan Times |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/delhi-ridge-s-minimum-temperature-dips-to-1-5-degrees-multiple-flights-delayed-101673067328610.html |access-date=7 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107054023/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/delhi-ridge-s-minimum-temperature-dips-to-1-5-degrees-multiple-flights-delayed-101673067328610.html |archive-date=7 January 2023}}</ref> <div class="center">{{Delhi weatherbox}} {| class="wikitable "style="width:100%;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" ! colspan="14" |Average Barometric Pressure & Wind Speed of Delhi |- !Month !January !February !March !April !May !June !July !August !September !October !November !December !Year |- |Average [[Atmospheric pressure]] milibars (inHg)<ref name="Barometric Pressure">{{cite web |title=Average pressure New Delhi, India |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/india/new-delhi-climate |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220614130708/https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/india/new-delhi-climate#pressure |archive-date=14 June 2022 |access-date=14 June 2022}}</ref> |{{Convert|1017.0|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|1014.5|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|1010.6|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|1005.4|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|1000.5|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|996.7|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|996.9|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|999.4|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|1003.4|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|1009.6|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|1013.6|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|1016.1|mbar|inHg}} |{{Convert|1007.0|mbar|inHg}} |- |Average Wind Speed kilometres per hour (mph)<ref name="Wind Speed2">{{cite web |title=Average wind speed New Delhi, India |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/india/new-delhi-climate |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220614130708/https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/india/new-delhi-climate#wind |archive-date=14 June 2022 |access-date=14 June 2022}}</ref> |{{Convert|8.3|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|9.4|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|9.5|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|10.0|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|10.2|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|10.6|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|9.5|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|8.8|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|8.3|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|6.7|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|7.6|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|7.7|km/h|mph}} |{{Convert|8.9|km/h|mph}} |} {{Palam weatherbox}}{{Weather box | metric first = Y | single line = Y | temperature colour = | location = Delhi (Ayanagar) 1971–2020, extremes 1967–present | Jan record high C = 29.7 | Feb record high C = 33.2 | Mar record high C = 40.6 | Apr record high C = 45.0 | May record high C = 47.6 | Jun record high C = 47.0 | Jul record high C = 44.8 | Aug record high C = 42.7 | Sep record high C = 41.0 | Oct record high C = 39.4 | Nov record high C = 36.4 | Dec record high C = 30.2 | year record high C = 47.6 | Jan avg record high C = 25.2 | Feb avg record high C = 29.4 | Mar avg record high C = 36.2 | Apr avg record high C = 42.8 | May avg record high C = 45.9 | Jun avg record high C = 45.6 | Jul avg record high C = 41.5 | Aug avg record high C = 38.3 | Sep avg record high C = 37.2 | Oct avg record high C = 36.2 | Nov avg record high C = 32.2 | Dec avg record high C = 27.7 | year avg record high C = 46.2 | Jan high C = 19.2 | Feb high C = 24.3 | Mar high C = 30.7 | Apr high C = 36.8 | May high C = 41.2 | Jun high C = 40.5 | Jul high C = 35.7 | Aug high C = 34.3 | Sep high C = 34.2 | Oct high C = 33.4 | Nov high C = 28.3 | Dec high C = 22.2 | year high C = 31.7 | Jan low C = 7.7 | Feb low C = 11.0 | Mar low C = 15.4 | Apr low C = 21.0 | May low C = 25.5 | Jun low C = 27.1 | Jul low C = 26.5 | Aug low C = 25.8 | Sep low C = 24.2 | Oct low C = 19.5 | Nov low C = 14.2 | Dec low C = 8.3 | year low C = 18.9 | Jan avg record low C = 3.6 | Feb avg record low C = 6.8 | Mar avg record low C = 10.5 | Apr avg record low C = 16.3 | May avg record low C = 19.7 | Jun avg record low C = 20.6 | Jul avg record low C = 22.8 | Aug avg record low C = 23.1 | Sep avg record low C = 21.5 | Oct avg record low C = 14.5 | Nov avg record low C = 9.8 | Dec avg record low C = 3.2 | year avg record low C = 2.9 | Jan record low C = -1.3 | Feb record low C = 0.0 | Mar record low C = 3.8 | Apr record low C = 8.4 | May record low C = 13.8 | Jun record low C = 18.0 | Jul record low C = 19.8 | Aug record low C = 21.3 | Sep record low C = 14.0 | Oct record low C = 9.4 | Nov record low C = 3.2 | Dec record low C = -0.5 | year record low C = -1.3 | rain colour = green | Jan rain mm = 18.0 | Feb rain mm = 19.8 | Mar rain mm = 21.6 | Apr rain mm = 10.7 | May rain mm = 31.1 | Jun rain mm = 69.9 | Jul rain mm = 182.2 | Aug rain mm = 188.4 | Sep rain mm = 106.1 | Oct rain mm = 13.8 | Nov rain mm = 2.1 | Dec rain mm = 5.4 | year rain mm = | Jan rain days = 1.6 | Feb rain days = 1.6 | Mar rain days = 2.1 | Apr rain days = 1.0 | May rain days = 2.8 | Jun rain days = 4.5 | Jul rain days = 8.5 | Aug rain days = 8.6 | Sep rain days = 4.7 | Oct rain days = 0.6 | Nov rain days = 0.3 | Dec rain days = 0.4 | year rain days = 36.7 | time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | Jan humidity = 64 | Feb humidity = 52 | Mar humidity = 40 | Apr humidity = 26 | May humidity = 24 | Jun humidity = 37 | Jul humidity = 64 | Aug humidity = 68 | Sep humidity = 63 | Oct humidity = 50 | Nov humidity = 52 | Dec humidity = 58 | year humidity = 51 | date = October 2022 | source = India Meteorological Department<ref name=IMDcityrainfall3> {{cite web | url = https://cdsp.imdpune.gov.in/extremes_1991_2020/?stn=42180 | title = Climatological Information - New Delhi (Ayanagar) (42180) | publisher = India Meteorological Department | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221013144852/https://cdsp.imdpune.gov.in/extremes_1991_2020/?stn=42180 | archive-date = 13 October 2022 | access-date = 13 October 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMDcityextremes4> {{cite web | url = https://www.imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230101061732/https://www.imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf | archive-date = 1 January 2023 | title = Climatological Tables 1991-2020 | publisher = India Meteorological Department | access-date = 1 January 2023 | page = 279}}</ref> February record high<ref> {{cite web | url = https://rmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/press/press.php | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230220170400/https://rmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/press/press.php | archive-date = 20 February 2023 | title = Press Bulletin of Delhi for 20 February 2023 | publisher = India Meteorological Department | access-date = 20 February 2023}}</ref>May record high<ref> {{cite web | url = https://rmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/press/press.php | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240529025914/https://rmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/press/press.php | archive-date = 29 May 2024 | title = Press Bulletin of Delhi for 28 May 2024 | publisher = India Meteorological Department | access-date = 29 May 2024}}</ref> }}{{Weather box | metric first = Y | single line = Y | temperature colour = | location = New Delhi ([[Delhi Ridge]]) 1971–2020, extremes 1971–present | Jan record high C = 27.5 | Feb record high C = 34.2 | Mar record high C = 40.9 | Apr record high C = 45.7 | May record high C = 47.5 | Jun record high C = 47.9 | Jul record high C = 42.5 | Aug record high C = 40.4 | Sep record high C = 38.4 | Oct record high C = 38.4 | Nov record high C = 34.2 | Dec record high C = 29.8 | year record high C = 47.9 | Jan avg record high C = 24.4 | Feb avg record high C = 29.6 | Mar avg record high C = 36.4 | Apr avg record high C = 42.8 | May avg record high C = 45.7 | Jun avg record high C = 44.8 | Jul avg record high C = 40.4 | Aug avg record high C = 37.7 | Sep avg record high C = 36.8 | Oct avg record high C = 36.4 | Nov avg record high C = 32.5 | Dec avg record high C = 27.2 | year avg record high C = 45.9 | Jan high C = 19.0 | Feb high C = 24.4 | Mar high C = 31.0 | Apr high C = 37.0 | May high C = 40.7 | Jun high C = 39.8 | Jul high C = 35.1 | Aug high C = 33.9 | Sep high C = 34.0 | Oct high C = 33.4 | Nov high C = 28.0 | Dec high C = 22.5 | year high C = 31.4 | Jan low C = 8.7 | Feb low C = 12.1 | Mar low C = 16.8 | Apr low C = 22.0 | May low C = 25.9 | Jun low C = 27.0 | Jul low C = 26.1 | Aug low C = 25.5 | Sep low C = 24.1 | Oct low C = 20.3 | Nov low C = 15.1 | Dec low C = 9.9 | year low C = 19.2 | Jan avg record low C = 5.4 | Feb avg record low C = 9.0 | Mar avg record low C = 12.0 | Apr avg record low C = 17.4 | May avg record low C = 20.7 | Jun avg record low C = 21.3 | Jul avg record low C = 22.7 | Aug avg record low C = 23.2 | Sep avg record low C = 21.5 | Oct avg record low C = 17.0 | Nov avg record low C = 11.5 | Dec avg record low C = 5.3 | year avg record low C = 4.7 | Jan record low C = 1.5 | Feb record low C = 7.0 | Mar record low C = 10.2 | Apr record low C = 11.6 | May record low C = 14.2 | Jun record low C = 16.7 | Jul record low C = 21.0 | Aug record low C = 21.6 | Sep record low C = 19.0 | Oct record low C = 12.4 | Nov record low C = 9.7 | Dec record low C = 3.0 | year record low C = 1.5 | rain colour = green | Jan rain mm = 20.1 | Feb rain mm = 19.5 | Mar rain mm = 17.8 | Apr rain mm = 7.6 | May rain mm = 34.0 | Jun rain mm = 60.7 | Jul rain mm = 190.1 | Aug rain mm = 190.2 | Sep rain mm = 119.3 | Oct rain mm = 26.5 | Nov rain mm = 2.1 | Dec rain mm = 6.1 | year rain mm = | Jan rain days = 1.9 | Feb rain days = 1.5 | Mar rain days = 1.3 | Apr rain days = 1.1 | May rain days = 2.4 | Jun rain days = 3.9 | Jul rain days = 8.3 | Aug rain days = 9.4 | Sep rain days = 5.2 | Oct rain days = 0.5 | Nov rain days = 0.3 | Dec rain days = 0.5 | year rain days = 36.3 | time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | Jan humidity = 66 | Feb humidity = 54 | Mar humidity = 41 | Apr humidity = 29 | May humidity = 31 | Jun humidity = 44 | Jul humidity = 71 | Aug humidity = 76 | Sep humidity = 68 | Oct humidity = 55 | Nov humidity = 54 | Dec humidity = 62 | year humidity = 55 | date = October 2022 | source = India Meteorological Department<ref name=IMDcityrainfall4> {{cite web | url = https://cdsp.imdpune.gov.in/extremes_1991_2020/?stn=42184 | title = Climatological Information - New Delhi (Ridge) (42184) | publisher = India Meteorological Department | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221013182315/https://cdsp.imdpune.gov.in/extremes_1991_2020/?stn=42184 | archive-date = 13 October 2022 | access-date = 13 October 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMDcityextremes5> {{cite web | url = https://www.imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230101061732/https://www.imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf | archive-date = 1 January 2023 | title = Climatological Tables 1991-2020 | publisher = India Meteorological Department | access-date = 1 January 2023 | page = 281}}</ref> February record high<ref> {{cite web | url = https://rmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/press/press.php | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230220170400/https://rmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/press/press.php | archive-date = 20 February 2023 | title = Press Bulletin of Delhi for 20 February 2023 | publisher = India Meteorological Department | access-date = 20 February 2023}}</ref> May record low<ref> {{cite web | url = https://mausam.imd.gov.in/newdelhi/mcdata/Observational_table.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230504041411/https://mausam.imd.gov.in/newdelhi/mcdata/Observational_table.pdf | archive-date = 4 May 2023 | title = Observational data of Delhi | publisher = India Meteorological Department | access-date = 4 May 2023}}</ref>May record high<ref> {{cite web | url = https://rmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/press/press.php | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240529025914/https://rmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/press/press.php | archive-date = 29 May 2024 | title = Press Bulletin of Delhi for 28 May 2024 | publisher = India Meteorological Department | access-date = 29 May 2024}}</ref> }}</div> {{Weather box | metric first = Y | single line = Y | temperature colour = | location = Delhi (Ayanagar) 1971–2020, extremes 1901–present | Jan record high C = 32.5 | Feb record high C = 35.7 | Mar record high C = 42.0 | Apr record high C = 47.1 | May record high C = 48.4 | Jun record high C = 48.0 | Jul record high C = 45.7 | Aug record high C = 43.2 | Sep record high C = 41.0 | Oct record high C = 39.6 | Nov record high C = 36.4 | Dec record high C = 30.4 | year record high C = 48.4 | Jan record low C = -2.2 | Feb record low C = -1.6 | Mar record low C = 3.4 | Apr record low C = 8.4 | May record low C = 13.8 | Jun record low C = 17.6 | Jul record low C = 17.8 | Aug record low C = 20.2 | Sep record low C = 13.6 | Oct record low C = 9.4 | Nov record low C = 2.1 | Dec record low C = -1.3 | year record low C = -2.2 |date=May 2024}} ==Weather monitoring stations== As of January 2024, the [[India Meteorological Department]] website lists 20 weather monitoring stations in Delhi. The readings at Safdarjung station, located in the central part of the city are taken as those for the city, whereas the readings at Palam station, located in the city's south-western part, are taken as those for the [[Indira Gandhi International Airport|Airport]]. ==Day-length variation== Located at 28°36′36″N [[latitude]], Delhi lies in the sub-tropical belt of Earth's North Temperate geographical region, a few latitudes north of the [[Tropic of Cancer]]. As such the rotation of Earth has its effect on the city's day-length, which shortens during winters and lengthens during summers. Between the two [[solstices]], Delhi's day-length changes by about 4 hours, offset by some 2 hours each at sunrise and sunset.<ref>{{cite web|title= Delhi Day length around Summer Solstice|url=http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/astronomy.html?n=771&month=6&year=2013&obj=sun&afl=-11&day=1|publisher=timeanddate.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title= Delhi Day length around Winter Solstice|url=http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/astronomy.html?n=771&month=12&year=2013&obj=sun&afl=-11&day=1|publisher=timeanddate.com}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Climate of India by state or territory}} [[Category:Geography of Delhi]] [[Category:Climate of India|Delhi]] [[Category:Climate by city in India|Delhi]] [[Category:Environment of Delhi]]'