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Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{Short description|Italian-American luxury fashion house founded by fashion designer Tom Ford in 2005}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Tom Ford SA
| image_alt = Tom Ford flagship store in Miami Design District
| image_caption = Flagship store in [[Miami Design District]]
| trade_name = Tom Ford
| logo = File:Tom Ford Logo.svg
| logo_size =
| logo_alt = Tom Ford logo
| image = Tom Ford Store Design District.jpg
| type = [[Private company]] [[subsidiary]] of [[Estée Lauder Companies]] (''[[Société Anonyme]]'')
| foundation = {{start date and age|2005}}
| founder = [[Tom Ford]]
| location_city = [[New York City]]
| location_country =
| key_people = {{Unbulleted list|[[Haider Ackermann]] (Creative Director)|Guillaume Jesel|(CEO and president)<ref name=":13" />}}
| industry = [[Fashion industry|Fashion]]
| products = {{flatlist|
*Ready-to-wear
*leather accessories
*shoes
*cosmetics
*fragrances}}
| revenue = {{Increase}} $654 million (2021)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.owler.com/company/tomford|title= Bio |website=www.owler.com|access-date=2021-02-13}}</ref>
| net_income =
| owner = {{ubl|[[Tom Ford]] {{smaller|(2005-23)}}|[[Estée Lauder Companies|Estée Lauder]] {{smaller|(2023–present)}}}}
| num_employees =
| homepage = {{URL|tomford.com}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Tom Ford SA''' (stylized as '''TOM FORD''') is an American [[luxury goods|luxury]] [[fashion house]] founded by namesake designer [[Tom Ford]] in 2005. Its product line features ready-to-wear and [[made-to-measure]] offerings, as well as footwear, accessories, and handbags.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/tom-ford-biography|title=Tom Ford|last=Taylor|first=Molly|website=[[British Vogue]]|date=April 22, 2008|access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref>
The company was owned by Tom Ford until 2023 when he completed its sale. The Tom Ford brand is now owned by [[The Estée Lauder Companies]] while the fashion business is owned by the [[Ermenegildo Zegna Group]] through Tom Ford International.
==History==
[[File:Tom Ford 2009.jpg|left|thumb|upright|[[Tom Ford]], the brand's founder and former creative director]]
Tom Ford departed his position as [[creative director]] at [[Gucci]] in 2004<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-feb-28-et-quick28.2-story.html|title=Tom Ford to launch his own label|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|first=Mimi |last=Avins|date=February 28, 2006|access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref> and founded his own eponymous label in April 2005.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dqUXBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA320|title=The Road to Luxury: The Evolution, Markets, and Strategies of Luxury Brand Management|last1=Som|first1=Ashok|last2=Blanckaert|first2=Christian|page=320|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|year=2015|isbn=9780470830024|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> The Tom Ford retail brand concept, described as the first true luxury brand of the 21st century, began in 2004 as a [[joint venture|venture]] between Ford and his business partner [[Domenico de Sole]] with the launch of a cosmetics line.<ref name="gabi" /> In the same year, Ford announced his partnership with Marcolin Group to produce and distribute optical frames and sunglasses. In 2005, he launched the Tom Ford Estée Lauder Collection of cosmetics.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB111274933900599101|title=Estee Lauder Courts Tom Ford To Revive Brand|last=Beatty|first=Sally|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|date=April 6, 2005|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref><ref name="Singer2005">{{cite web|last=Singer|first=Natasha|date=November 5, 2005|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/05/business/estee-lauder-makes-a-play-for-youth.html|title=Estée Lauder Makes a Play for Youth|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref>
tomford.com was launched in October 2006, initially only offering descriptions of the brand's products and later on hosting an online store.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Verjee|first=Neelam|date=2006-10-26|title=Tom Ford brand launched online|work=[[The Times]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/319620215/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0140-0460|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref>
In April 2007, the first directly owned Tom Ford flagship boutique opened at 845 Madison Avenue in New York City.
In September 2010, Ford debuted his label's women's ready-to-wear collection at his Madison Avenue store. The event featured celebrity models such as [[Beyoncé]], [[Julianne Moore]], [[Lauren Hutton]], [[Daphne Guinness]], and [[Rita Wilson]].
In November 2015, the house opened its Miami flagship boutique in that city's [[Miami Design District|Design District]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Miami staff|date=November 3, 2015|url=https://www.miamiherald.com/miami-com/things-to-do/article224355600.html|title=Tom Ford's Flagship Opens in Design District|newspaper=[[Miami Herald]]|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref> In November 2017, it opened its first beauty store in [[London]].<ref name=wwd2017>{{cite web|last=Strugatz|first=Rachel|date=November 17, 2017|title=Tom Ford Beauty: On Track to Hit $1 Billion, Opening First Store|url=https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/tom-ford-beauty-on-track-to-hit-2-billion-opening-first-store-11051675/|website=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref>
As of 2017, Tom Ford Beauty, owned by [[Estée Lauder Companies|Estée Lauder]], estimated $1 billion in sales.<ref name=wwd2017 /> {{As of|2020}}, Tom Ford was the major shareholder of Tom Ford International, holding 63.75% of the shares.<ref name=gabi>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=denwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA121|title=Digitalization in the Luxury Fashion Industry: Strategic Branding for Millennial Consumers|last=Cabigiosu|first=Anna|page=121|publisher=[[Springer Nature]]|year=2020|isbn=9783030488109|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
Since its inception, the label has been criticized for using naked women in various advertising campaigns. Various journalists asserted that the ads were vulgar, sexist, or objectified women. One ad featured a nude woman holding a bottle of perfume between her legs. Another featured a naked woman ironing a man's pants while he read a newspaper. A separate ad was banned in Italy.<ref>{{cite news |last=Wallis |first=David |date=June 4, 2012 |title=The Breast of Advertising: From Hooters to the cover of 'Time,' does the strategy sell or repel? |url=http://www.adweek.com/news/advertising-branding/breast-advertising-140889 |magazine=[[Adweek]] |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Allwood |first=Emma Hope |date=May 13, 2015 |title=Fashion v censorship: a history of banned ads |url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/24720/1/fashion-v-censorship-a-history-of-banned-ads-miu-miu-tom-ford |magazine=Dazed |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Stampler |first=Laura |date=April 10, 2012 |title=These Modern Ads Are Even More Sexist Than Their 'Mad Men' Era Counterparts |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/these-modern-ads-are-even-more-sexist-than-their-mad-men-era-counterparts-2012-4 |website=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--staff writers--> |date=April 25, 2008 |title=Italy gives the finger to latest Tom Ford ad |url=http://www.adweek.com/adfreak/italy-gives-finger-latest-tom-ford-ad-15947 |magazine=[[Adweek]] |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref>
Responding to criticism that he objectified women, Ford stated he is an "equal opportunity objectifier" and is "just as happy to objectify men". He argued, "you can't show male nudity in our culture in the way you can show female nudity" and pointed out that he did a male nude ad while at [[Yves Saint Laurent (brand)|Yves Saint Laurent]] which was pulled from circulation.<ref name=hughes>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2015/mar/21/tom-ford-im-an-equal-opportunity-objectifier |title=Tom Ford: 'I'm an equal opportunity objectifier' |last=Hughes |first=Sali |date=March 21, 2015 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=March 4, 2016}}</ref><ref name=cnbc>{{Cite news |publisher=CNBC International |title=Tom Ford's Penis Necklace Controversy {{!}} Tom Ford Interview |date=February 24, 2015 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtOBsZpkz8I |access-date=March 4, 2016}}</ref>
In 2014, the brand released a product called the "Penis Pendant Necklace". The product caused some controversy, with Christians calling it offensive due to the pendant being shaped similar to a [[Christian cross]] or [[crucifix]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Tsjeng |first=Zing |date=December 15, 2014 |title=Christians outraged by Tom Ford cross-shaped penis necklace |url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/22921/1/christians-outraged-by-tom-ford-cross-shaped-penis-necklace |magazine=Dazed |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Sharkey |first=Linda |date=December 11, 2014 |title=Tom Ford's 18 carat gold penis necklace is now on sale – just in time for Christmas |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/tom-fords-18k-gold-penis-necklace-is-now-on-sale-just-in-time-for-christmas-9917939.html |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref> Ford replied that "it was not meant to be a cross, it was a phallus" and "people read into things what they want to".<ref name=cnbc />
The creation of the brand is detailed in the 2021 monograph ''Tom Ford 002'', co-authored by Ford and fashion journalist Bridget Foley. The book is published by [[Rizzoli International Publications]].
===Sale to The Estée Lauder Companies===
On April 28, 2023, [[The Estée Lauder Companies]] (ELC) announced that it had completed its acquisition of the Tom Ford brand for $2.8 billion.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Estée Lauder Companies Completes Acquisition of the Tom Ford Brand |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230428005308/en/ |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=Business Wire |language=en-US}}</ref> The sale was first announced in November 2022.<ref>{{cite web |last=O'Kane |first=Caitlin |date=November 17, 2022 |title=Tom Ford just sold his fashion brand to Estée Lauder. That likely makes him a billionaire |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tom-ford-billionaire-sold-to-estee-lauder-for-2-8-billion-fashion-brand-designers-net-worth/ |access-date=April 30, 2023 |website=[[CBS News]]}}</ref>
As part of the sale, the [[Zegna|Zegna Group]] took full control of Tom Ford International which owns and operates the fashion business. The deal includes a long-term licensing and collaboration agreement for a minimum of 20 years with automatic 10 year renewals subject to certain minimum performance conditions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-28 |title=Ermenegildo Zegna Group Completes Acquisition of Tom Ford International and Enters Into a Long-Term License Agreement With The Estée Lauder Companies for TOM FORD FASHION |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230428005284/en/Ermenegildo-Zegna-Group-Completes-Acquisition-of-Tom-Ford-International-and-Enters-Into-a-Long-Term-License-Agreement-With-The-Est%C3%A9e-Lauder-Companies-for-TOM-FORD-FASHION |access-date=2023-12-07 |website=www.businesswire.com |language=en}}</ref>
Previously, Tom Ford licensed its name and branding to ELC for Tom Ford Beauty (TFB), offering cosmetics and fragrance, and to Marcolin Group for eyewear - both TFB and Tom Ford Perfums have been names used by Estée Lauder since 2006.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pauly |first=Alexandra |date=2022-08-02 |title=Estée Lauder Might Buy Tom Ford — Fashion, Fragrance, and All |url=https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/tom-ford-estee-lauder-acquisition/ |access-date=2022-09-03 |website=Highsnobiety |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Olsen |first=Kerry |date=2011-03-04 |title=Tom Ford Extends Eyewear Pact |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/tom-ford-marcolin-extend-license-3535644/ |access-date=2022-09-03 |website=Women's Wear Daily |language=en-US}}</ref> Under ELC, men's and women's ready-to-wear is licensed to [[Zegna]], who previously held the license for menswear.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-15 |title=Ermenegildo Zegna Group to Enter a Long-Term License for Tom Ford Fashion With the Estée Lauder Companies |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20221115006446/en/Ermenegildo-Zegna-Group-to-Enter-a-Long-Term-License-for-Tom-Ford-Fashion-With-the-Est%C3%A9e-Lauder-Companies |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=www.businesswire.com |language=en}}</ref>
On April 28, 2023, designer [[Peter Hawkings]] succeeded Ford as creative director.<ref name=":13">{{Cite news |last=Borrelli |first=Silvia Sciorilli |date=April 28, 2023 |title=Tom Ford bows out from eponymous brand after multibillion takeover deal |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/a03e36a2-cec7-4fd0-8888-4d099a66cea3 |access-date=April 30, 2023}}</ref> Hawking's first collection debuted on September 21 at Milan Fashion Week.
[[Haider Ackermann]] was announced as the new Creative Director in September 2024, following Hawking's departure.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borrelli-Persson |first=Laird |date=2024-09-04 |title=Tom Ford and Haider Ackermann: Where Their Visions Intersect |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/tom-ford-and-haider-ackermann-where-their-visions-intersect |access-date=2024-09-06 |website=Vogue |language=en-US}}</ref> His first collection will be released in March 2025.
==Tom Ford Beauty==
=== Black Orchid (2006) ===
Black Orchid was the first fragrance sold under the Tom Ford Beauty banner.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2006-10-25|title=Q1 2007 The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. Earnings Conference Call - Final|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/466903284/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|website=Fair Disclosure Wire}}</ref> During his incumbency as Creative Director of [[Yves Saint Laurent (brand)|Yves Saint Laurent]], Ford had developed a rare black orchid as the brand's new in-house flower.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sherwood|first=James|date=2001-09-11|title=How Gucci became hot property Yesterday, the fashion world witnessed the conclusion to a multibillion- dollar battle for control of Gucci. So what makes the label so desirable? James Sherwood reveals Gucci's not-so-secret weapon|work=[[The Independent]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/311942981/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0951-9467|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Extract from the flower was used to produce a perfume, body cream and bath soap as part of YSL's Nu line.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bernadette|first=Morra|date=2001-10-11|title=Toronto was couture disposal site|work=[[Toronto Star]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/438349125/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0319-0781|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Hybert|first=Jess|date=2001-10-24|title=Retail Therapy|work=[[Birmingham Post]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/323639203/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0963-7915|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Goldstein|first=Melissa Milrad|date=October 2001|title=Something Nu|volume=155|work=[[Town & Country (magazine)|Town & Country]]|issue=5259|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/220687225/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0040-9952|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Previous to launching Black Orchid, Ford had worked with [[The Estée Lauder Companies|Estée Lauder]], signing a deal in April 2005 and releasing Youth Dew Amber Nude, the following fall, and Azure, in spring 2006.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Naughton|first=Julie|date=2006-07-28|title=Ford's Fully Plate: Stores, Films and Building a Beauty Brand|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=18|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231146904/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref>
On 27 February 2006, having already started his brand, Black Orchid, the name for Ford's new fragrance with Estée Lauder Companies was made public.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2006-02-27|title=Ache for Orchids|work=[[New York Post]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/334352683/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=1090-3321|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Described as "a women's fragrance...full of surprises" by ''[[Women's Wear Daily]]'', its launch was planned for the following November, to be "beyond the parameters of a usual fragrance launch."<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Nagel|first1=Andrea|last2=Prior|first2=Molly|last3=Naughton|first3=Julie|last4=McIntyre|first4=Megan|date=2006-06-16|title=What Lies Ahead: form the Surprising Alliance Between Sephora and J.C. Penney to the Heightened State of Activity in the Mass Market Hair Category, the Second Half of the Year is Shaping Up to be Action-Packed and Highly Anticipated. Here, an Insider's Guide to the Season's Most Significant Goings-On|volume=191|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=127|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231278790/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Black Orchid by Tom Ford Beauty, as officially named, and manufactured by Esteé Lauder Companies, was finally released on 15 November.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Edgar|first=Michelle|date=2006-06-30|title=The Fall Frangrance Roundup|volume=191|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=139|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231214072/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> On 24 July, Ford held one-on-one meetings with editors from elite fashion publications where he presented the fragrance, which was described as "the anchor of what will become the Ford flotilla of fragrance and cosmetics initiatives."<ref>{{Cite news|date=2006-07-24|title=Fashion Scoops: Tom Weighs Anchor...Trans Europe Express...Paris Encore|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=14|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231139994/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581}}</ref>
[[Julia Restoin Roitfeld]], daughter of then-''[[Vogue Paris]]'' editor-in chief [[Carine Roitfeld]], was chosen in July 2006 as [[brand ambassador]] for the fragrance previous to its release.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Walden|first=Celia|author-link=Celia Walden|date=2006-04-27|title=Ford's Choice|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/321347553/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0307-1235|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Izzo|first=Kim|date=2001-07-27|title=Mum's the word in fashionBaby Bonus; Daughter as fashion accessory? It's inevitable when the style gene is passed on from mum|work=[[Toronto Star]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/439023256/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0319-0781|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Ford had described the younger Roitfeld as "exactly what beauty is to me."<ref>{{Cite news|last=Woolnough|first=Damien|date=2006-07-28|title=The Buzz|work=[[The Australian]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/357297120/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=1038-8761|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Later in the month it was announced that Black Orchid would be initially sold in a few upscale specialty stores and would increase to a maximum of fewer than 300 by the following spring.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2006-09-28|title=Man in Black|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=18|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231141315/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> for the same time a launch of 12 unisex scents to be sold by perfumery store-in-stores inside the upcoming retail stores was also planned.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Colavita|first=Courtney|date=2006-10-25|title=Tom Ford Launches Website|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=87|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231236850/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref>
Black Orchid had a reported $20 million global advertising campaign, with 15 million scented impressions produced, with a planned $40 million revenue in its first year,<ref name=":0" /> selling between $90<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last1=Born|first1=Pete|last2=Naughton|first2=Julie|date=2021-09-24|title=Tom Ford Launches Black Orchid|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231303707/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Fine|first=Jenny B.|date=2006-10-20|title=Black Magic|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=83|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231186682/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581}}</ref> and $135 for a bottle of eau de parfum,<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite magazine|last=Parnass|first=Alexandra|title=Find the Scent That Suits Your Style|pages=198–202|magazine=[[Harper's Bazaar]]|issue=3540|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/221433555/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0017-7873|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> and $600 for the perfume.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Morago|first=Greg|date=2006-11-19|title=Body; Fashion and Beauty|work=[[Hartford Courant]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/257040133/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=1047-4153|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Then president and CEO of Estée Lauder, [[William P. Lauder]], described the perfume as "the cornerstone of Mr. Ford's vision to bring more luxury into the world of fragrance."<ref>{{Cite web|date=2006-08-16|title=Q4 2006 The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. Earnings Conference Call - Final|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/466904206/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|website=Fair Disclosure Wire|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> It was developed by having a grower create the darkest flower possible and then adding [[Black Truffle|black truffle]], lotus wood, [[Bergamot orange|bergamot]] and [[vanilla]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Horyn|first=Cathy|author-link=Cathy Horyn|date=2006-10-22|title=The Remix; Fragrances {{!}} New From Tom Ford|page=22|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/22/style/the-remix-fragrances-new-from-tom-ford.html|access-date=2021-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924172450/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/22/style/the-remix-fragrances-new-from-tom-ford.html|archive-date=2021-09-24|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Even though a woman's perfume, Ford allegedly told Estée Lauder executives that he wished the perfume smelled like "a man's crotch."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Herz|first=Rachel Sarah|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92797/|title=Neurobiology of Sensation and Reward|publisher=[[CRC Press]]/[[Taylor & Francis]]|year=2011|isbn=978-1-4200-6726-2|editor-last=Gottfried|editor-first=Jay A.|location=[[Boca Raton, Florida]]|chapter=17.2 Brief History of Perfume|author-link=Rachel Sarah Herz|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92802/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925000231/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92802/|archive-date=2021-09-25|via=[[National Institutes of Health]]}}</ref> Ford tracked down one of four existing black orchids through a Swiss orchid expert and a [[Santa Barbara, California|Santa Barbara]] grower.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|last=Menkes|first=Suzy|author-link=Suzy Menkes|date=2006-11-06|title=A creature of the night: Tom Ford bares his soul - Style & Design - International Herald Tribune|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/06/style/06iht-Ftom.3418619.html|access-date=2021-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924231529/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/06/style/06iht-Ftom.3418619.html|archive-date=2021-09-24|issn=1553-8095}}</ref> While it has been reported that the specific orchid that was used was the recherché dark orchid,<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|last=Singer|first=Natasha|date=2006-11-09|title=Tom Ford Black Orchid Is Ready for Its Close-Up|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/09/fashion/09ford.html|access-date=2021-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501053912/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/09/fashion/09ford.html?_r=3&oref=slogin&oref=slogin&oref=slogin|archive-date=2018-05-01|issn=1553-8095}}</ref> Ford himself has stated that he holds the patent for the eponymous Tom Ford orchid, which was developed in Florida and he has described as "[m]aybe not completely black, but a deep, dark chocolate."<ref>{{Cite news|date=2006-11-13|title=The Transom|work=[[The New York Observer]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/333523471/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=1052-2948|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref>
Black Orchid was launched on 2 November 2006 at the [[Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store]],<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Lomrantz|first1=Tracey|last2=Takhtehchian|first2=Bahar|last3=DiLuna|first3=Amy|date=2006-11-02|title=Shop aholic. Your Guide to the City's Best Steals and Deals|work=[[New York Daily News]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/306082645/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|oclc=9541172|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> where Ford arrived to recommend strategies to the sales associates. Saks, as well as [[Neiman Marcus]] and [[Holt Renfrew]] stores, limited to a total of 50, started selling the fragrance on Sunday, 5 November.<ref name=":1" /> The night of the 2 November, an after-launch party occurred at [[Top of the Rock]], with celebrities such as [[Damon Dash]], [[Margherita Missoni]], [[Stavros Niarchos]], [[Zac Posen]], [[Julia Restoin Roitfeld|Julia Restoin-Roitfeld]], [[Carine Roitfeld]], [[Rachel Roy]], [[Donatella Versace]], [[Olivia Wilde]] and [[Rachel Zoe]] in attendance.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Rush|first1=George|last2=Molloy|first2=Joanna|last3=Huguenin|first3=Patrick|last4=Kinon|first4=Christina|date=2006-11-06|title=Dis-chord as Guitarist Shuns & Support|work=[[New York Daily News]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/306089337/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|oclc=9541172|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Bravo|first1=Richard|last2=Badia|first2=Alex|date=2006-11-13|title=A Belgian Banquet: Barney's Ftes Raf Simons in Style|volume=36|work=[[Daily News Record]]|issue=46|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/210812245/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> For the event, black curtains were installed at the venue and doused with the perfume.<ref name=":5" />
Upon release, ''[[Harper's Bazaar]]'' described it as possessing a "sensual and woody floral scent."<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=November 2006|title=Best Beauty|magazine=[[Harper's Bazaar]]|issue=3540|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/221415238/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0017-7873|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> As part of [[Burberry|Burberry's]] 150th anniversary, the store sold Black Orchid Eau de Parfum in limited-edition black crystal [[Lalique]] bottles for £345.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Lazaro|first=Clare|date=2006-11-04|title=Bestsellers, store news and top tips for the season ahead|work=[[The Times]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/319638533/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0140-0460|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The black, fluted glass bottle and cap and engraved gold plate label were described as reminiscent of black bottles such as thouse used for Narcisse Noir by [[Parfums Caron]], Soir by Perugia, Dans La Nuit by [[House of Worth]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=McCormack|first=Derek|date=2006-11-18|title=Make scents of the season|work=[[National Post]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/330656310/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=1486-8008|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The perfume bottle was photographed by [[Irving Penn]],<ref name=":4" /> while the December 2006 ''[[British Vogue]]'' issue contained a five-page [[gatefold]] depicting the fragrance.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Smith|first1=Stephanie D.|last2=Conti|first2=Samantha|date=2006-11-06|title=Memo Pad: Take Two...Grand Dame|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=96|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231298847/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> For her part, Restoin Roitfeld was photographed "in an [[Classical Hollywood cinema|old-style Hollywood]] [[Glamour photography|glamour shot]], all red lipstick, dreamy hair and bedroom eyes."<ref name=":5" />
=== Rose Prick (2020) ===
Inspired by Ford's private [[rose garden]], Rose Prick, was made from wild roses such as Rose de Mai, Turkish and Bulgarian roses, as well as other elements such as [[chypre]], Indonesian patchouli, and vanilla and [[Tonka Bean|Tonka bean]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=2020-03-08|title=Cult Product|work=[[Sunday Independent (Ireland)|Sunday Independent]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2373462403/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|issn=0039-5218|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The perfume trademark was filed for registration at the [[United States Patent and Trademark Office]] on 30 May 2019, and first used commercially when the fragrance was released on 29 February 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-26|title=USPTO Issues Trademark: Tom Ford Rose Prick|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2464335863/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|website=[[Federal News Service]]|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> [[Fabrizio Freda]], Estée Lauder CEO, described it as "[combining] all rose floral with a little spicy tender."<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-10|title=Estee Lauder Companies Inc Annual Shareholders Meeting - Final|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2463615261/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|website=Fair Disclosure Wire|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The fragrance, which has hints of "the rare Bulgarian rose, rose de mai, [[Sichuan pepper]], [[turmeric]], [[patchouli]] and tonka,"<ref name=":7">{{Cite news|date=2020-02-07|title=Cherish|work=[[Australian Financial Review]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2351420496/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|issn=1444-9900|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> was released in February 2020,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Young|first=Sarah|date=2020-02-06|title=20 new beauty launches you need to know about this month|work=[[The Independent]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2352237967/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|issn=0951-9467|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> at US$335<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|last=Shatzman|first=Celia|date=2020-08-11|title=The Best Fragrances of 2020|work=Women's Wear Daily|url=https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-fragrances-1203691942/|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721230833/https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-fragrances-1203691942/|archive-date=2021-07-21|issn=0043-7581}}</ref> (AU $480,<ref name=":7" /> £218,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fetto|first=Funmi|date=2020-02-23|title=Don't wait for festival season for a neon glow|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/feb/23/funmi-fetto-beauty-spot-neon-fragrance-tom-ford-jo-malone-hair-mask-dolce-gabbana|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915012958/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/feb/23/funmi-fetto-beauty-spot-neon-fragrance-tom-ford-jo-malone-hair-mask-dolce-gabbana|archive-date=2020-09-15|issn=1756-3224}}</ref> €245,<ref name=":6" /> CAN $405)<ref name=":9">{{Cite news|last=Atkinson|first=Nathalie|date=2020-07-17|title=10 summery perfumes that offer a whiff of much-needed escape|work=[[The Globe and Mail]]|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/style/article-these-10-summery-perfumes-offer-a-whiff-of-much-needed-escape/|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206011258/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/style/article-these-10-summery-perfumes-offer-a-whiff-of-much-needed-escape/|archive-date=2020-12-06|issn=0319-0714}}</ref> for the 50 {{Abbr|mL|millimetre}} eau de parfum,<ref name=":7" /> while the 10 {{Abbr|mL|millimetre}} bottle sold for €64<ref>{{Cite news|last=Walsh|first=Rachel Marie|date=2021-02-09|title=Product Watch: Roses are a classic choice for Valentine's Day — here are 5 top picks|work=[[Irish Examiner]]|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/fashionandbeauty/arid-40216703.html|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206080425/https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/fashionandbeauty/arid-40216703.html|archive-date=2021-02-06|issn=1393-9564}}</ref> and the 100 {{Abbr|mL|millimetre}} bottle for £325.<ref name=":10">{{Cite news|last=Hooper|first=Camila|date=2020-12-23|title=The best luxury Christmas beauty gifts for 2020|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/wellness/best-beauty-christmas-gifts-2020-luxury-perfume-sets/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225174441/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/wellness/best-beauty-christmas-gifts-2020-luxury-perfume-sets/|archive-date=2020-12-25|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> The perfume is stored "in a matte, opaque, pink [<nowiki/>[[flacon]]] bottle [with] a matte black metal stamp," which has been described as "[having] the elegant, architectural look of a [[chessboard]]."<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-06-29|title=Tom Ford|work=Cyprus Mail|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2418056458/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Rose Prick is also the name of a tie-in lip colour set, which was described by the ''[[South China Morning Post]]'' as "wears effortlessly from day into night,"<ref>{{Cite news|last=Tsang|first=Jacqueline|date=2020-12-15|title=Christmas beauty gift ideas: luxury cosmetics from Christian Louboutin, Tom Ford, Guerlain and more now available in Hong Kong|work=[[South China Morning Post]]|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/luxury/article/3114003/christmas-beauty-gift-ideas-luxury-cosmetics-christian|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506124204/https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/luxury/article/3114003/christmas-beauty-gift-ideas-luxury-cosmetics-christian|archive-date=2021-05-06|issn=1563-9371}}</ref> as well as an eponymous $132<ref name=":11">{{Cite news|last=Belfiore|first=Emily|date=2021-01-20|title=The 16 Best Valentine's Day Candles|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|url=https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-valentines-day-candles-1234704067/|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411111231/https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-valentines-day-candles-1234704067/|archive-date=2021-04-11|issn=0043-7581}}</ref> (£98)<ref>{{Cite news|last=McFarland|first=Jane|date=2021-02-07|title=Tickled pink: Romance isn't dead (yet). Avoid the overpriced clichés and spread the love with the most stylish of gifts|work=[[The Sunday Times]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2486933424/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|issn=0956-1382|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> candle, described as having a "spicy floral scent."<ref name=":11" />
When released at [[Holt Renfrew]] in Canada, Rose Prick sold out in two days time.<ref name=":9" /> ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' recommended it to individuals who usually do not have a preference towards florals,<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-02-28|title=The 9 best beauty products to buy now, according to The Telegraph's experts|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/beauty/make-up/9-best-beauty-products-buy-now-makeup-skincare-experts-2021/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928142154/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/beauty/make-up/9-best-beauty-products-buy-now-makeup-skincare-experts-2021/|archive-date=2021-09-28|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> and called it "a lingering evening fragrance."<ref name=":10" /> While ''[[Women's Wear Daily]]'' called it one of 2020's top ten best fragrances.<ref name=":8" /> On the other hand, ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'' critiqued that its name had "more of an impression than the juice...what remains is a faint patchouli incense."<ref name=":9" />
=== Other fragrances ===
In 2007, the Private Blend collection of fragrances were introduced by Tom Ford Beauty that featured more experimental and [[Niche perfume|niche]]-quality fragrances at a higher price point. Tom Ford has described Private Blend as his "own personal scent laboratory".<ref>{{cite web |title="Private Blend is my own personal scent laboratory." PRIVATE BLEND {{!}} TOM FORD |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pEdWlivdR-s |website=YouTube |access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref> As of 2021, the Private Blend collection contains twenty three fragrances. The Eau de Parfum Spray, Lost Cherry, won the allure 2021 Best of Beauty Award.
At his Spring/Summer 2018 collection runway show, held in September 2017 as part of [[New York Fashion Week]], Tom Ford garnered media attention for unveiling a new Private Blend fragrance titled "Fucking Fabulous".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Reed|first1=Sam|date=September 1, 2017|title=Tom Ford's New Fragrance Is "F—ing Fabulous"|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/tom-fords-fucking-fabulous-perfume-1034571|access-date=February 19, 2021|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> Tom Ford faced reluctance from Estée Lauder Companies in naming the fragrance, with Ford himself saying that "First of all, they didn't even want to launch it" and that he had to insist on the name because "I knew it would be a hit with that name".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Darcella|first1=Aria|date=October 24, 2018|title=Tom Ford's Perfume Almost Didn't Get Its Fucking Fabulous Name|url=https://fashionweekdaily.com/tom-ford-fucking-fabulous-interview/|access-date=February 19, 2021|website=[[The Daily Front Row]]}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* {{Official|https://www.tomford.com/}}
{{Tom Ford|state=collapsed}}
{{Eyewear retailers|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Clothing brands of the United States]]
[[Category:Clothing retailers of the United States]]
[[Category:Companies based in New York City]]
[[Category:Cosmetics brands]]
[[Category:Cosmetics companies of the United States]]
[[Category:American companies established in 2005]]
[[Category:Clothing companies established in 2005]]
[[Category:Retail companies established in 2005]]
[[Category:Eyewear brands of the United States]]
[[Category:Eyewear retailers of the United States]]
[[Category:Fashion accessory brands]]
[[Category:High fashion brands]]
[[Category:Jewelry retailers of the United States]]
[[Category:Online jewelry retailers of the United States]]
[[Category:Perfume houses]]
[[Category:Shoe brands]]
[[Category:Shoe companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Watch brands]]
[[Category:Estée Lauder Companies brands]]
[[Category:2023 mergers and acquisitions]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Short wydescription|Italian-American llyaauxury fashion house foundeg5tf05[d by fashion desigtpro9ⁿ
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{{Infobox company
| name = Tom Ford SA
| image_alt = Tom Ford flagship store in Miami Design District
| image_caption = Flagship store in [[Miami Design District]]
| trade_name = Tom Ford
| logo = File:Tom Ford Logo.svg
| logo_size =
| logo_alt = Tom Ford logo
| image = Tom Ford Store Design District.jpg
| type = [[Private company]] [[subsidiary]] of [[Estée Lauder Companies]] (''[[Société Anonyme]]'')
| foundation = {{start date and age|2005}}
| founder = [[Tom Ford]]
| location_city = [[New York City]]
| location_country =
| key_people = {{Unbulleted list|[[Haider Ackermann]] (Creative Director)|Guillaume Jesel|(CEO and president)<ref name=":13" />}}
| industry = [[Fashion industry|Fashion]]
| products = {{flatlist|
*Ready-to-wear
*leather accessories
*shoes
*cosmetics
*fragrances}}
| revenue = {{Increase}} $654 million (2021)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.owler.com/company/tomford|title= Bio |website=www.owler.com|access-date=2021-02-13}}</ref>
| net_income =
| owner = {{ubl|[[Tom Ford]] {{smaller|(2005-23)}}|[[Estée Lauder Companies|Estée Lauder]] {{smaller|(2023–present)}}}}
| num_employees =
| homepage = {{URL|tomford.com}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Tom Ford SA''' (stylized as '''TOM FORD''') is an American [[luxury goods|luxury]] [[fashion house]] founded by namesake designer [[Tom Ford]] in 2005. Its product line features ready-to-wear and [[made-to-measure]] offerings, as well as footwear, accessories, and handbags.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/tom-ford-biography|title=Tom Ford|last=Taylor|first=Molly|website=[[British Vogue]]|date=April 22, 2008|access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref>
The company was owned by Tom Ford until 2023 when he completed its sale. The Tom Ford brand is now owned by [[The Estée Lauder Companies]] while the fashion business is owned by the [[Ermenegildo Zegna Group]] through Tom Ford International.
==History==
[[File:Tom Ford 2009.jpg|left|thumb|upright|[[Tom Ford]], the brand's founder and former creative director]]
Tom Ford departed his position as [[creative director]] at [[Gucci]] in 2004<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-feb-28-et-quick28.2-story.html|title=Tom Ford to launch his own label|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|first=Mimi |last=Avins|date=February 28, 2006|access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref> and founded his own eponymous label in April 2005.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dqUXBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA320|title=The Road to Luxury: The Evolution, Markets, and Strategies of Luxury Brand Management|last1=Som|first1=Ashok|last2=Blanckaert|first2=Christian|page=320|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|year=2015|isbn=9780470830024|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> The Tom Ford retail brand concept, described as the first true luxury brand of the 21st century, began in 2004 as a [[joint venture|venture]] between Ford and his business partner [[Domenico de Sole]] with the launch of a cosmetics line.<ref name="gabi" /> In the same year, Ford announced his partnership with Marcolin Group to produce and distribute optical frames and sunglasses. In 2005, he launched the Tom Ford Estée Lauder Collection of cosmetics.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB111274933900599101|title=Estee Lauder Courts Tom Ford To Revive Brand|last=Beatty|first=Sally|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|date=April 6, 2005|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref><ref name="Singer2005">{{cite web|last=Singer|first=Natasha|date=November 5, 2005|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/05/business/estee-lauder-makes-a-play-for-youth.html|title=Estée Lauder Makes a Play for Youth|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref>
tomford.com was launched in October 2006, initially only offering descriptions of the brand's products and later on hosting an online store.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Verjee|first=Neelam|date=2006-10-26|title=Tom Ford brand launched online|work=[[The Times]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/319620215/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0140-0460|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref>
In April 2007, the first directly owned Tom Ford flagship boutique opened at 845 Madison Avenue in New York City.
In September 2010, Ford debuted his label's women's ready-to-wear collection at his Madison Avenue store. The event featured celebrity models such as [[Beyoncé]], [[Julianne Moore]], [[Lauren Hutton]], [[Daphne Guinness]], and [[Rita Wilson]].
In November 2015, the house opened its Miami flagship boutique in that city's [[Miami Design District|Design District]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Miami staff|date=November 3, 2015|url=https://www.miamiherald.com/miami-com/things-to-do/article224355600.html|title=Tom Ford's Flagship Opens in Design District|newspaper=[[Miami Herald]]|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref> In November 2017, it opened its first beauty store in [[London]].<ref name=wwd2017>{{cite web|last=Strugatz|first=Rachel|date=November 17, 2017|title=Tom Ford Beauty: On Track to Hit $1 Billion, Opening First Store|url=https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/tom-ford-beauty-on-track-to-hit-2-billion-opening-first-store-11051675/|website=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref>
As of 2017, Tom Ford Beauty, owned by [[Estée Lauder Companies|Estée Lauder]], estimated $1 billion in sales.<ref name=wwd2017 /> {{As of|2020}}, Tom Ford was the major shareholder of Tom Ford International, holding 63.75% of the shares.<ref name=gabi>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=denwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA121|title=Digitalization in the Luxury Fashion Industry: Strategic Branding for Millennial Consumers|last=Cabigiosu|first=Anna|page=121|publisher=[[Springer Nature]]|year=2020|isbn=9783030488109|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
Since its inception, the label has been criticized for using naked women in various advertising campaigns. Various journalists asserted that the ads were vulgar, sexist, or objectified women. One ad featured a nude woman holding a bottle of perfume between her legs. Another featured a naked woman ironing a man's pants while he read a newspaper. A separate ad was banned in Italy.<ref>{{cite news |last=Wallis |first=David |date=June 4, 2012 |title=The Breast of Advertising: From Hooters to the cover of 'Time,' does the strategy sell or repel? |url=http://www.adweek.com/news/advertising-branding/breast-advertising-140889 |magazine=[[Adweek]] |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Allwood |first=Emma Hope |date=May 13, 2015 |title=Fashion v censorship: a history of banned ads |url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/24720/1/fashion-v-censorship-a-history-of-banned-ads-miu-miu-tom-ford |magazine=Dazed |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Stampler |first=Laura |date=April 10, 2012 |title=These Modern Ads Are Even More Sexist Than Their 'Mad Men' Era Counterparts |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/these-modern-ads-are-even-more-sexist-than-their-mad-men-era-counterparts-2012-4 |website=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--staff writers--> |date=April 25, 2008 |title=Italy gives the finger to latest Tom Ford ad |url=http://www.adweek.com/adfreak/italy-gives-finger-latest-tom-ford-ad-15947 |magazine=[[Adweek]] |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref>
Responding to criticism that he objectified women, Ford stated he is an "equal opportunity objectifier" and is "just as happy to objectify men". He argued, "you can't show male nudity in our culture in the way you can show female nudity" and pointed out that he did a male nude ad while at [[Yves Saint Laurent (brand)|Yves Saint Laurent]] which was pulled from circulation.<ref name=hughes>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2015/mar/21/tom-ford-im-an-equal-opportunity-objectifier |title=Tom Ford: 'I'm an equal opportunity objectifier' |last=Hughes |first=Sali |date=March 21, 2015 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=March 4, 2016}}</ref><ref name=cnbc>{{Cite news |publisher=CNBC International |title=Tom Ford's Penis Necklace Controversy {{!}} Tom Ford Interview |date=February 24, 2015 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtOBsZpkz8I |access-date=March 4, 2016}}</ref>
In 2014, the brand released a product called the "Penis Pendant Necklace". The product caused some controversy, with Christians calling it offensive due to the pendant being shaped similar to a [[Christian cross]] or [[crucifix]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Tsjeng |first=Zing |date=December 15, 2014 |title=Christians outraged by Tom Ford cross-shaped penis necklace |url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/22921/1/christians-outraged-by-tom-ford-cross-shaped-penis-necklace |magazine=Dazed |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Sharkey |first=Linda |date=December 11, 2014 |title=Tom Ford's 18 carat gold penis necklace is now on sale – just in time for Christmas |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/tom-fords-18k-gold-penis-necklace-is-now-on-sale-just-in-time-for-christmas-9917939.html |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref> Ford replied that "it was not meant to be a cross, it was a phallus" and "people read into things what they want to".<ref name=cnbc />
The creation of the brand is detailed in the 2021 monograph ''Tom Ford 002'', co-authored by Ford and fashion journalist Bridget Foley. The book is published by [[Rizzoli International Publications]].
===Sale to The Estée Lauder Companies===
On April 28, 2023, [[The Estée Lauder Companies]] (ELC) announced that it had completed its acquisition of the Tom Ford brand for $2.8 billion.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Estée Lauder Companies Completes Acquisition of the Tom Ford Brand |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230428005308/en/ |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=Business Wire |language=en-US}}</ref> The sale was first announced in November 2022.<ref>{{cite web |last=O'Kane |first=Caitlin |date=November 17, 2022 |title=Tom Ford just sold his fashion brand to Estée Lauder. That likely makes him a billionaire |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tom-ford-billionaire-sold-to-estee-lauder-for-2-8-billion-fashion-brand-designers-net-worth/ |access-date=April 30, 2023 |website=[[CBS News]]}}</ref>
As part of the sale, the [[Zegna|Zegna Group]] took full control of Tom Ford International which owns and operates the fashion business. The deal includes a long-term licensing and collaboration agreement for a minimum of 20 years with automatic 10 year renewals subject to certain minimum performance conditions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-28 |title=Ermenegildo Zegna Group Completes Acquisition of Tom Ford International and Enters Into a Long-Term License Agreement With The Estée Lauder Companies for TOM FORD FASHION |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230428005284/en/Ermenegildo-Zegna-Group-Completes-Acquisition-of-Tom-Ford-International-and-Enters-Into-a-Long-Term-License-Agreement-With-The-Est%C3%A9e-Lauder-Companies-for-TOM-FORD-FASHION |access-date=2023-12-07 |website=www.businesswire.com |language=en}}</ref>
Previously, Tom Ford licensed its name and branding to ELC for Tom Ford Beauty (TFB), offering cosmetics and fragrance, and to Marcolin Group for eyewear - both TFB and Tom Ford Perfums have been names used by Estée Lauder since 2006.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pauly |first=Alexandra |date=2022-08-02 |title=Estée Lauder Might Buy Tom Ford — Fashion, Fragrance, and All |url=https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/tom-ford-estee-lauder-acquisition/ |access-date=2022-09-03 |website=Highsnobiety |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Olsen |first=Kerry |date=2011-03-04 |title=Tom Ford Extends Eyewear Pact |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/tom-ford-marcolin-extend-license-3535644/ |access-date=2022-09-03 |website=Women's Wear Daily |language=en-US}}</ref> Under ELC, men's and women's ready-to-wear is licensed to [[Zegna]], who previously held the license for menswear.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-15 |title=Ermenegildo Zegna Group to Enter a Long-Term License for Tom Ford Fashion With the Estée Lauder Companies |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20221115006446/en/Ermenegildo-Zegna-Group-to-Enter-a-Long-Term-License-for-Tom-Ford-Fashion-With-the-Est%C3%A9e-Lauder-Companies |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=www.businesswire.com |language=en}}</ref>
On April 28, 2023, designer [[Peter Hawkings]] succeeded Ford as creative director.<ref name=":13">{{Cite news |last=Borrelli |first=Silvia Sciorilli |date=April 28, 2023 |title=Tom Ford bows out from eponymous brand after multibillion takeover deal |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/a03e36a2-cec7-4fd0-8888-4d099a66cea3 |access-date=April 30, 2023}}</ref> Hawking's first collection debuted on September 21 at Milan Fashion Week.
[[Haider Ackermann]] was announced as the new Creative Director in September 2024, following Hawking's departure.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borrelli-Persson |first=Laird |date=2024-09-04 |title=Tom Ford and Haider Ackermann: Where Their Visions Intersect |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/tom-ford-and-haider-ackermann-where-their-visions-intersect |access-date=2024-09-06 |website=Vogue |language=en-US}}</ref> His first collection will be released in March 2025.
==Tom Ford Beauty==
=== Black Orchid (2006) ===
Black Orchid was the first fragrance sold under the Tom Ford Beauty banner.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2006-10-25|title=Q1 2007 The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. Earnings Conference Call - Final|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/466903284/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|website=Fair Disclosure Wire}}</ref> During his incumbency as Creative Director of [[Yves Saint Laurent (brand)|Yves Saint Laurent]], Ford had developed a rare black orchid as the brand's new in-house flower.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sherwood|first=James|date=2001-09-11|title=How Gucci became hot property Yesterday, the fashion world witnessed the conclusion to a multibillion- dollar battle for control of Gucci. So what makes the label so desirable? James Sherwood reveals Gucci's not-so-secret weapon|work=[[The Independent]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/311942981/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0951-9467|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Extract from the flower was used to produce a perfume, body cream and bath soap as part of YSL's Nu line.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bernadette|first=Morra|date=2001-10-11|title=Toronto was couture disposal site|work=[[Toronto Star]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/438349125/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0319-0781|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Hybert|first=Jess|date=2001-10-24|title=Retail Therapy|work=[[Birmingham Post]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/323639203/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0963-7915|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Goldstein|first=Melissa Milrad|date=October 2001|title=Something Nu|volume=155|work=[[Town & Country (magazine)|Town & Country]]|issue=5259|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/220687225/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0040-9952|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Previous to launching Black Orchid, Ford had worked with [[The Estée Lauder Companies|Estée Lauder]], signing a deal in April 2005 and releasing Youth Dew Amber Nude, the following fall, and Azure, in spring 2006.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Naughton|first=Julie|date=2006-07-28|title=Ford's Fully Plate: Stores, Films and Building a Beauty Brand|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=18|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231146904/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref>
On 27 February 2006, having already started his brand, Black Orchid, the name for Ford's new fragrance with Estée Lauder Companies was made public.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2006-02-27|title=Ache for Orchids|work=[[New York Post]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/334352683/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=1090-3321|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Described as "a women's fragrance...full of surprises" by ''[[Women's Wear Daily]]'', its launch was planned for the following November, to be "beyond the parameters of a usual fragrance launch."<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Nagel|first1=Andrea|last2=Prior|first2=Molly|last3=Naughton|first3=Julie|last4=McIntyre|first4=Megan|date=2006-06-16|title=What Lies Ahead: form the Surprising Alliance Between Sephora and J.C. Penney to the Heightened State of Activity in the Mass Market Hair Category, the Second Half of the Year is Shaping Up to be Action-Packed and Highly Anticipated. Here, an Insider's Guide to the Season's Most Significant Goings-On|volume=191|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=127|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231278790/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Black Orchid by Tom Ford Beauty, as officially named, and manufactured by Esteé Lauder Companies, was finally released on 15 November.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Edgar|first=Michelle|date=2006-06-30|title=The Fall Frangrance Roundup|volume=191|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=139|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231214072/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> On 24 July, Ford held one-on-one meetings with editors from elite fashion publications where he presented the fragrance, which was described as "the anchor of what will become the Ford flotilla of fragrance and cosmetics initiatives."<ref>{{Cite news|date=2006-07-24|title=Fashion Scoops: Tom Weighs Anchor...Trans Europe Express...Paris Encore|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=14|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231139994/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581}}</ref>
[[Julia Restoin Roitfeld]], daughter of then-''[[Vogue Paris]]'' editor-in chief [[Carine Roitfeld]], was chosen in July 2006 as [[brand ambassador]] for the fragrance previous to its release.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Walden|first=Celia|author-link=Celia Walden|date=2006-04-27|title=Ford's Choice|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/321347553/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0307-1235|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Izzo|first=Kim|date=2001-07-27|title=Mum's the word in fashionBaby Bonus; Daughter as fashion accessory? It's inevitable when the style gene is passed on from mum|work=[[Toronto Star]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/439023256/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0319-0781|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Ford had described the younger Roitfeld as "exactly what beauty is to me."<ref>{{Cite news|last=Woolnough|first=Damien|date=2006-07-28|title=The Buzz|work=[[The Australian]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/357297120/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=1038-8761|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Later in the month it was announced that Black Orchid would be initially sold in a few upscale specialty stores and would increase to a maximum of fewer than 300 by the following spring.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2006-09-28|title=Man in Black|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=18|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231141315/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> for the same time a launch of 12 unisex scents to be sold by perfumery store-in-stores inside the upcoming retail stores was also planned.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Colavita|first=Courtney|date=2006-10-25|title=Tom Ford Launches Website|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=87|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231236850/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref>
Black Orchid had a reported $20 million global advertising campaign, with 15 million scented impressions produced, with a planned $40 million revenue in its first year,<ref name=":0" /> selling between $90<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last1=Born|first1=Pete|last2=Naughton|first2=Julie|date=2021-09-24|title=Tom Ford Launches Black Orchid|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231303707/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Fine|first=Jenny B.|date=2006-10-20|title=Black Magic|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=83|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231186682/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581}}</ref> and $135 for a bottle of eau de parfum,<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite magazine|last=Parnass|first=Alexandra|title=Find the Scent That Suits Your Style|pages=198–202|magazine=[[Harper's Bazaar]]|issue=3540|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/221433555/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0017-7873|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> and $600 for the perfume.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Morago|first=Greg|date=2006-11-19|title=Body; Fashion and Beauty|work=[[Hartford Courant]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/257040133/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=1047-4153|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Then president and CEO of Estée Lauder, [[William P. Lauder]], described the perfume as "the cornerstone of Mr. Ford's vision to bring more luxury into the world of fragrance."<ref>{{Cite web|date=2006-08-16|title=Q4 2006 The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. Earnings Conference Call - Final|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/466904206/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|website=Fair Disclosure Wire|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> It was developed by having a grower create the darkest flower possible and then adding [[Black Truffle|black truffle]], lotus wood, [[Bergamot orange|bergamot]] and [[vanilla]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Horyn|first=Cathy|author-link=Cathy Horyn|date=2006-10-22|title=The Remix; Fragrances {{!}} New From Tom Ford|page=22|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/22/style/the-remix-fragrances-new-from-tom-ford.html|access-date=2021-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924172450/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/22/style/the-remix-fragrances-new-from-tom-ford.html|archive-date=2021-09-24|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Even though a woman's perfume, Ford allegedly told Estée Lauder executives that he wished the perfume smelled like "a man's crotch."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Herz|first=Rachel Sarah|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92797/|title=Neurobiology of Sensation and Reward|publisher=[[CRC Press]]/[[Taylor & Francis]]|year=2011|isbn=978-1-4200-6726-2|editor-last=Gottfried|editor-first=Jay A.|location=[[Boca Raton, Florida]]|chapter=17.2 Brief History of Perfume|author-link=Rachel Sarah Herz|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92802/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925000231/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92802/|archive-date=2021-09-25|via=[[National Institutes of Health]]}}</ref> Ford tracked down one of four existing black orchids through a Swiss orchid expert and a [[Santa Barbara, California|Santa Barbara]] grower.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|last=Menkes|first=Suzy|author-link=Suzy Menkes|date=2006-11-06|title=A creature of the night: Tom Ford bares his soul - Style & Design - International Herald Tribune|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/06/style/06iht-Ftom.3418619.html|access-date=2021-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924231529/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/06/style/06iht-Ftom.3418619.html|archive-date=2021-09-24|issn=1553-8095}}</ref> While it has been reported that the specific orchid that was used was the recherché dark orchid,<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|last=Singer|first=Natasha|date=2006-11-09|title=Tom Ford Black Orchid Is Ready for Its Close-Up|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/09/fashion/09ford.html|access-date=2021-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501053912/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/09/fashion/09ford.html?_r=3&oref=slogin&oref=slogin&oref=slogin|archive-date=2018-05-01|issn=1553-8095}}</ref> Ford himself has stated that he holds the patent for the eponymous Tom Ford orchid, which was developed in Florida and he has described as "[m]aybe not completely black, but a deep, dark chocolate."<ref>{{Cite news|date=2006-11-13|title=The Transom|work=[[The New York Observer]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/333523471/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=1052-2948|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref>
Black Orchid was launched on 2 November 2006 at the [[Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store]],<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Lomrantz|first1=Tracey|last2=Takhtehchian|first2=Bahar|last3=DiLuna|first3=Amy|date=2006-11-02|title=Shop aholic. Your Guide to the City's Best Steals and Deals|work=[[New York Daily News]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/306082645/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|oclc=9541172|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> where Ford arrived to recommend strategies to the sales associates. Saks, as well as [[Neiman Marcus]] and [[Holt Renfrew]] stores, limited to a total of 50, started selling the fragrance on Sunday, 5 November.<ref name=":1" /> The night of the 2 November, an after-launch party occurred at [[Top of the Rock]], with celebrities such as [[Damon Dash]], [[Margherita Missoni]], [[Stavros Niarchos]], [[Zac Posen]], [[Julia Restoin Roitfeld|Julia Restoin-Roitfeld]], [[Carine Roitfeld]], [[Rachel Roy]], [[Donatella Versace]], [[Olivia Wilde]] and [[Rachel Zoe]] in attendance.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Rush|first1=George|last2=Molloy|first2=Joanna|last3=Huguenin|first3=Patrick|last4=Kinon|first4=Christina|date=2006-11-06|title=Dis-chord as Guitarist Shuns & Support|work=[[New York Daily News]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/306089337/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|oclc=9541172|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Bravo|first1=Richard|last2=Badia|first2=Alex|date=2006-11-13|title=A Belgian Banquet: Barney's Ftes Raf Simons in Style|volume=36|work=[[Daily News Record]]|issue=46|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/210812245/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> For the event, black curtains were installed at the venue and doused with the perfume.<ref name=":5" />
Upon release, ''[[Harper's Bazaar]]'' described it as possessing a "sensual and woody floral scent."<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=November 2006|title=Best Beauty|magazine=[[Harper's Bazaar]]|issue=3540|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/221415238/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0017-7873|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> As part of [[Burberry|Burberry's]] 150th anniversary, the store sold Black Orchid Eau de Parfum in limited-edition black crystal [[Lalique]] bottles for £345.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Lazaro|first=Clare|date=2006-11-04|title=Bestsellers, store news and top tips for the season ahead|work=[[The Times]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/319638533/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0140-0460|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The black, fluted glass bottle and cap and engraved gold plate label were described as reminiscent of black bottles such as thouse used for Narcisse Noir by [[Parfums Caron]], Soir by Perugia, Dans La Nuit by [[House of Worth]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=McCormack|first=Derek|date=2006-11-18|title=Make scents of the season|work=[[National Post]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/330656310/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=1486-8008|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The perfume bottle was photographed by [[Irving Penn]],<ref name=":4" /> while the December 2006 ''[[British Vogue]]'' issue contained a five-page [[gatefold]] depicting the fragrance.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Smith|first1=Stephanie D.|last2=Conti|first2=Samantha|date=2006-11-06|title=Memo Pad: Take Two...Grand Dame|volume=192|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|issue=96|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/231298847/CEB73427154847F1PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0043-7581|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> For her part, Restoin Roitfeld was photographed "in an [[Classical Hollywood cinema|old-style Hollywood]] [[Glamour photography|glamour shot]], all red lipstick, dreamy hair and bedroom eyes."<ref name=":5" />
=== Rose Prick (2020) ===
Inspired by Ford's private [[rose garden]], Rose Prick, was made from wild roses such as Rose de Mai, Turkish and Bulgarian roses, as well as other elements such as [[chypre]], Indonesian patchouli, and vanilla and [[Tonka Bean|Tonka bean]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=2020-03-08|title=Cult Product|work=[[Sunday Independent (Ireland)|Sunday Independent]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2373462403/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|issn=0039-5218|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The perfume trademark was filed for registration at the [[United States Patent and Trademark Office]] on 30 May 2019, and first used commercially when the fragrance was released on 29 February 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-26|title=USPTO Issues Trademark: Tom Ford Rose Prick|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2464335863/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|website=[[Federal News Service]]|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> [[Fabrizio Freda]], Estée Lauder CEO, described it as "[combining] all rose floral with a little spicy tender."<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-10|title=Estee Lauder Companies Inc Annual Shareholders Meeting - Final|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2463615261/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|website=Fair Disclosure Wire|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The fragrance, which has hints of "the rare Bulgarian rose, rose de mai, [[Sichuan pepper]], [[turmeric]], [[patchouli]] and tonka,"<ref name=":7">{{Cite news|date=2020-02-07|title=Cherish|work=[[Australian Financial Review]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2351420496/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|issn=1444-9900|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> was released in February 2020,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Young|first=Sarah|date=2020-02-06|title=20 new beauty launches you need to know about this month|work=[[The Independent]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2352237967/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|issn=0951-9467|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> at US$335<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|last=Shatzman|first=Celia|date=2020-08-11|title=The Best Fragrances of 2020|work=Women's Wear Daily|url=https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-fragrances-1203691942/|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721230833/https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-fragrances-1203691942/|archive-date=2021-07-21|issn=0043-7581}}</ref> (AU $480,<ref name=":7" /> £218,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fetto|first=Funmi|date=2020-02-23|title=Don't wait for festival season for a neon glow|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/feb/23/funmi-fetto-beauty-spot-neon-fragrance-tom-ford-jo-malone-hair-mask-dolce-gabbana|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915012958/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/feb/23/funmi-fetto-beauty-spot-neon-fragrance-tom-ford-jo-malone-hair-mask-dolce-gabbana|archive-date=2020-09-15|issn=1756-3224}}</ref> €245,<ref name=":6" /> CAN $405)<ref name=":9">{{Cite news|last=Atkinson|first=Nathalie|date=2020-07-17|title=10 summery perfumes that offer a whiff of much-needed escape|work=[[The Globe and Mail]]|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/style/article-these-10-summery-perfumes-offer-a-whiff-of-much-needed-escape/|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206011258/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/style/article-these-10-summery-perfumes-offer-a-whiff-of-much-needed-escape/|archive-date=2020-12-06|issn=0319-0714}}</ref> for the 50 {{Abbr|mL|millimetre}} eau de parfum,<ref name=":7" /> while the 10 {{Abbr|mL|millimetre}} bottle sold for €64<ref>{{Cite news|last=Walsh|first=Rachel Marie|date=2021-02-09|title=Product Watch: Roses are a classic choice for Valentine's Day — here are 5 top picks|work=[[Irish Examiner]]|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/fashionandbeauty/arid-40216703.html|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206080425/https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/fashionandbeauty/arid-40216703.html|archive-date=2021-02-06|issn=1393-9564}}</ref> and the 100 {{Abbr|mL|millimetre}} bottle for £325.<ref name=":10">{{Cite news|last=Hooper|first=Camila|date=2020-12-23|title=The best luxury Christmas beauty gifts for 2020|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/wellness/best-beauty-christmas-gifts-2020-luxury-perfume-sets/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225174441/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/wellness/best-beauty-christmas-gifts-2020-luxury-perfume-sets/|archive-date=2020-12-25|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> The perfume is stored "in a matte, opaque, pink [<nowiki/>[[flacon]]] bottle [with] a matte black metal stamp," which has been described as "[having] the elegant, architectural look of a [[chessboard]]."<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-06-29|title=Tom Ford|work=Cyprus Mail|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2418056458/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Rose Prick is also the name of a tie-in lip colour set, which was described by the ''[[South China Morning Post]]'' as "wears effortlessly from day into night,"<ref>{{Cite news|last=Tsang|first=Jacqueline|date=2020-12-15|title=Christmas beauty gift ideas: luxury cosmetics from Christian Louboutin, Tom Ford, Guerlain and more now available in Hong Kong|work=[[South China Morning Post]]|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/luxury/article/3114003/christmas-beauty-gift-ideas-luxury-cosmetics-christian|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506124204/https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/luxury/article/3114003/christmas-beauty-gift-ideas-luxury-cosmetics-christian|archive-date=2021-05-06|issn=1563-9371}}</ref> as well as an eponymous $132<ref name=":11">{{Cite news|last=Belfiore|first=Emily|date=2021-01-20|title=The 16 Best Valentine's Day Candles|work=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|url=https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-valentines-day-candles-1234704067/|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411111231/https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-valentines-day-candles-1234704067/|archive-date=2021-04-11|issn=0043-7581}}</ref> (£98)<ref>{{Cite news|last=McFarland|first=Jane|date=2021-02-07|title=Tickled pink: Romance isn't dead (yet). Avoid the overpriced clichés and spread the love with the most stylish of gifts|work=[[The Sunday Times]]|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2486933424/7194C807452F41F0PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|issn=0956-1382|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> candle, described as having a "spicy floral scent."<ref name=":11" />
When released at [[Holt Renfrew]] in Canada, Rose Prick sold out in two days time.<ref name=":9" /> ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' recommended it to individuals who usually do not have a preference towards florals,<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-02-28|title=The 9 best beauty products to buy now, according to The Telegraph's experts|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/beauty/make-up/9-best-beauty-products-buy-now-makeup-skincare-experts-2021/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928142154/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/beauty/make-up/9-best-beauty-products-buy-now-makeup-skincare-experts-2021/|archive-date=2021-09-28|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> and called it "a lingering evening fragrance."<ref name=":10" /> While ''[[Women's Wear Daily]]'' called it one of 2020's top ten best fragrances.<ref name=":8" /> On the other hand, ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'' critiqued that its name had "more of an impression than the juice...what remains is a faint patchouli incense."<ref name=":9" />
=== Other fragrances ===
In 2007, the Private Blend collection of fragrances were introduced by Tom Ford Beauty that featured more experimental and [[Niche perfume|niche]]-quality fragrances at a higher price point. Tom Ford has described Private Blend as his "own personal scent laboratory".<ref>{{cite web |title="Private Blend is my own personal scent laboratory." PRIVATE BLEND {{!}} TOM FORD |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pEdWlivdR-s |website=YouTube |access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref> As of 2021, the Private Blend collection contains twenty three fragrances. The Eau de Parfum Spray, Lost Cherry, won the allure 2021 Best of Beauty Award.
At his Spring/Summer 2018 collection runway show, held in September 2017 as part of [[New York Fashion Week]], Tom Ford garnered media attention for unveiling a new Private Blend fragrance titled "Fucking Fabulous".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Reed|first1=Sam|date=September 1, 2017|title=Tom Ford's New Fragrance Is "F—ing Fabulous"|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/tom-fords-fucking-fabulous-perfume-1034571|access-date=February 19, 2021|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> Tom Ford faced reluctance from Estée Lauder Companies in naming the fragrance, with Ford himself saying that "First of all, they didn't even want to launch it" and that he had to insist on the name because "I knew it would be a hit with that name".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Darcella|first1=Aria|date=October 24, 2018|title=Tom Ford's Perfume Almost Didn't Get Its Fucking Fabulous Name|url=https://fashionweekdaily.com/tom-ford-fucking-fabulous-interview/|access-date=February 19, 2021|website=[[The Daily Front Row]]}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* {{Official|https://www.tomford.com/}}
{{Tom Ford|state=collapsed}}
{{Eyewear retailers|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Clothing brands of the United States]]
[[Category:Clothing retailers of the United States]]
[[Category:Companies based in New York City]]
[[Category:Cosmetics brands]]
[[Category:Cosmetics companies of the United States]]
[[Category:American companies established in 2005]]
[[Category:Clothing companies established in 2005]]
[[Category:Retail companies established in 2005]]
[[Category:Eyewear brands of the United States]]
[[Category:Eyewear retailers of the United States]]
[[Category:Fashion accessory brands]]
[[Category:High fashion brands]]
[[Category:Jewelry retailers of the United States]]
[[Category:Online jewelry retailers of the United States]]
[[Category:Perfume houses]]
[[Category:Shoe brands]]
[[Category:Shoe companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Watch brands]]
[[Category:Estée Lauder Companies brands]]
[[Category:2023 mergers and acquisitions]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-{{Short description|Italian-American luxury fashion house founded by fashion designer Tom Ford in 2005}}
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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237879389">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Tom Ford SA</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Tom_Ford_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Tom Ford logo" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tom_Ford_Logo.svg/220px-Tom_Ford_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tom_Ford_Logo.svg/330px-Tom_Ford_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tom_Ford_Logo.svg/440px-Tom_Ford_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="76" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Tom_Ford_Store_Design_District.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Tom Ford flagship store in Miami Design District" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Tom_Ford_Store_Design_District.jpg/220px-Tom_Ford_Store_Design_District.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Tom_Ford_Store_Design_District.jpg/330px-Tom_Ford_Store_Design_District.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Tom_Ford_Store_Design_District.jpg/440px-Tom_Ford_Store_Design_District.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3418" data-file-height="2475" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flagship store in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Design_District" title="Miami Design District">Miami Design District</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Tom Ford</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Private_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Private company">Private company</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">subsidiary</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Estée Lauder Companies">Estée Lauder Companies</a> (<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Anonyme" class="mw-redirect" title="Société Anonyme">Société Anonyme</a></i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fashion_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion industry">Fashion</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">2005<span class="noprint">; 19 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2005</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_Ford" title="Tom Ford">Tom Ford</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haider_Ackermann" title="Haider Ackermann">Haider Ackermann</a> (Creative Director)</li><li>Guillaume Jesel</li><li>(CEO and president)<sup id="cite_ref-:13_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist">
<ul><li>Ready-to-wear</li>
<li>leather accessories</li>
<li>shoes</li>
<li>cosmetics</li>
<li>fragrances</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $654 million (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_Ford" title="Tom Ford">Tom Ford</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2005-23)</span></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Estée Lauder Companies">Estée Lauder</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2023–present)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tomford.com">tomford<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Tom Ford SA</b> (stylized as <b>TOM FORD</b>) is an American <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Luxury_goods" title="Luxury goods">luxury</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fashion_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion house">fashion house</a> founded by namesake designer <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_Ford" title="Tom Ford">Tom Ford</a> in 2005. Its product line features ready-to-wear and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Made-to-measure" title="Made-to-measure">made-to-measure</a> offerings, as well as footwear, accessories, and handbags.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The company was owned by Tom Ford until 2023 when he completed its sale. The Tom Ford brand is now owned by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies" title="The Estée Lauder Companies">The Estée Lauder Companies</a> while the fashion business is owned by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ermenegildo_Zegna_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ermenegildo Zegna Group">Ermenegildo Zegna Group</a> through Tom Ford International.
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Sale_to_The_Estée_Lauder_Companies"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Sale to The Estée Lauder Companies</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Tom_Ford_Beauty"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Tom Ford Beauty</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Black_Orchid_(2006)"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Black Orchid (2006)</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Rose_Prick_(2020)"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Rose Prick (2020)</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Other_fragrances"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Other fragrances</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection">
<a role="button"
href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tom_Ford_(brand)&action=edit&section=1"title="Edit section: History"
class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet ">
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<figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Tom_Ford_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Tom_Ford_2009.jpg/170px-Tom_Ford_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Tom_Ford_2009.jpg/255px-Tom_Ford_2009.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Tom_Ford_2009.jpg/340px-Tom_Ford_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_Ford" title="Tom Ford">Tom Ford</a>, the brand's founder and former creative director</figcaption></figure>
<p>Tom Ford departed his position as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_director" title="Creative director">creative director</a> at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gucci" title="Gucci">Gucci</a> in 2004<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and founded his own eponymous label in April 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Tom Ford retail brand concept, described as the first true luxury brand of the 21st century, began in 2004 as a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Joint_venture" title="Joint venture">venture</a> between Ford and his business partner <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Domenico_de_Sole" class="mw-redirect" title="Domenico de Sole">Domenico de Sole</a> with the launch of a cosmetics line.<sup id="cite_ref-gabi_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gabi-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, Ford announced his partnership with Marcolin Group to produce and distribute optical frames and sunglasses. In 2005, he launched the Tom Ford Estée Lauder Collection of cosmetics.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Singer2005_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singer2005-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>tomford.com was launched in October 2006, initially only offering descriptions of the brand's products and later on hosting an online store.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In April 2007, the first directly owned Tom Ford flagship boutique opened at 845 Madison Avenue in New York City.
</p><p>In September 2010, Ford debuted his label's women's ready-to-wear collection at his Madison Avenue store. The event featured celebrity models such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9" title="Beyoncé">Beyoncé</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Julianne_Moore" title="Julianne Moore">Julianne Moore</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lauren_Hutton" title="Lauren Hutton">Lauren Hutton</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Daphne_Guinness" title="Daphne Guinness">Daphne Guinness</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rita_Wilson" title="Rita Wilson">Rita Wilson</a>.
</p><p>In November 2015, the house opened its Miami flagship boutique in that city's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Design_District" title="Miami Design District">Design District</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2017, it opened its first beauty store in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wwd2017_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwd2017-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>As of 2017, Tom Ford Beauty, owned by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Estée Lauder Companies">Estée Lauder</a>, estimated $1 billion in sales.<sup id="cite_ref-wwd2017_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwd2017-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tom_Ford_(brand)&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Tom Ford was the major shareholder of Tom Ford International, holding 63.75% of the shares.<sup id="cite_ref-gabi_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gabi-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Since its inception, the label has been criticized for using naked women in various advertising campaigns. Various journalists asserted that the ads were vulgar, sexist, or objectified women. One ad featured a nude woman holding a bottle of perfume between her legs. Another featured a naked woman ironing a man's pants while he read a newspaper. A separate ad was banned in Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Responding to criticism that he objectified women, Ford stated he is an "equal opportunity objectifier" and is "just as happy to objectify men". He argued, "you can't show male nudity in our culture in the way you can show female nudity" and pointed out that he did a male nude ad while at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yves Saint Laurent (brand)">Yves Saint Laurent</a> which was pulled from circulation.<sup id="cite_ref-hughes_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hughes-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cnbc_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnbc-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In 2014, the brand released a product called the "Penis Pendant Necklace". The product caused some controversy, with Christians calling it offensive due to the pendant being shaped similar to a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christian_cross" title="Christian cross">Christian cross</a> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crucifix" title="Crucifix">crucifix</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ford replied that "it was not meant to be a cross, it was a phallus" and "people read into things what they want to".<sup id="cite_ref-cnbc_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnbc-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The creation of the brand is detailed in the 2021 monograph <i>Tom Ford 002</i>, co-authored by Ford and fashion journalist Bridget Foley. The book is published by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rizzoli_International_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Rizzoli International Publications">Rizzoli International Publications</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sale_to_The_Estée_Lauder_Companies"><span id="Sale_to_The_Est.C3.A9e_Lauder_Companies"></span>Sale to The Estée Lauder Companies</h3><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>On April 28, 2023, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies" title="The Estée Lauder Companies">The Estée Lauder Companies</a> (ELC) announced that it had completed its acquisition of the Tom Ford brand for $2.8 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sale was first announced in November 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>As part of the sale, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zegna" title="Zegna">Zegna Group</a> took full control of Tom Ford International which owns and operates the fashion business. The deal includes a long-term licensing and collaboration agreement for a minimum of 20 years with automatic 10 year renewals subject to certain minimum performance conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Previously, Tom Ford licensed its name and branding to ELC for Tom Ford Beauty (TFB), offering cosmetics and fragrance, and to Marcolin Group for eyewear - both TFB and Tom Ford Perfums have been names used by Estée Lauder since 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under ELC, men's and women's ready-to-wear is licensed to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zegna" title="Zegna">Zegna</a>, who previously held the license for menswear.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>On April 28, 2023, designer <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peter_Hawkings" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Hawkings">Peter Hawkings</a> succeeded Ford as creative director.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hawking's first collection debuted on September 21 at Milan Fashion Week.
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haider_Ackermann" title="Haider Ackermann">Haider Ackermann</a> was announced as the new Creative Director in September 2024, following Hawking's departure.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His first collection will be released in March 2025.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tom_Ford_Beauty">Tom Ford Beauty</h2><span class="mw-editsection">
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Black_Orchid_(2006)"><span id="Black_Orchid_.282006.29"></span>Black Orchid (2006)</h3><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>Black Orchid was the first fragrance sold under the Tom Ford Beauty banner.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his incumbency as Creative Director of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yves Saint Laurent (brand)">Yves Saint Laurent</a>, Ford had developed a rare black orchid as the brand's new in-house flower.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Extract from the flower was used to produce a perfume, body cream and bath soap as part of YSL's Nu line.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previous to launching Black Orchid, Ford had worked with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies" title="The Estée Lauder Companies">Estée Lauder</a>, signing a deal in April 2005 and releasing Youth Dew Amber Nude, the following fall, and Azure, in spring 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>On 27 February 2006, having already started his brand, Black Orchid, the name for Ford's new fragrance with Estée Lauder Companies was made public.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Described as "a women's fragrance...full of surprises" by <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>, its launch was planned for the following November, to be "beyond the parameters of a usual fragrance launch."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Black Orchid by Tom Ford Beauty, as officially named, and manufactured by Esteé Lauder Companies, was finally released on 15 November.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 24 July, Ford held one-on-one meetings with editors from elite fashion publications where he presented the fragrance, which was described as "the anchor of what will become the Ford flotilla of fragrance and cosmetics initiatives."<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Julia_Restoin_Roitfeld" title="Julia Restoin Roitfeld">Julia Restoin Roitfeld</a>, daughter of then-<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vogue_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Vogue Paris">Vogue Paris</a></i> editor-in chief <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carine_Roitfeld" title="Carine Roitfeld">Carine Roitfeld</a>, was chosen in July 2006 as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brand_ambassador" title="Brand ambassador">brand ambassador</a> for the fragrance previous to its release.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ford had described the younger Roitfeld as "exactly what beauty is to me."<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later in the month it was announced that Black Orchid would be initially sold in a few upscale specialty stores and would increase to a maximum of fewer than 300 by the following spring.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the same time a launch of 12 unisex scents to be sold by perfumery store-in-stores inside the upcoming retail stores was also planned.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Black Orchid had a reported $20 million global advertising campaign, with 15 million scented impressions produced, with a planned $40 million revenue in its first year,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> selling between $90<sup id="cite_ref-:1_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and $135 for a bottle of eau de parfum,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and $600 for the perfume.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then president and CEO of Estée Lauder, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/William_P._Lauder" title="William P. Lauder">William P. Lauder</a>, described the perfume as "the cornerstone of Mr. Ford's vision to bring more luxury into the world of fragrance."<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was developed by having a grower create the darkest flower possible and then adding <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Black_Truffle" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Truffle">black truffle</a>, lotus wood, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bergamot_orange" title="Bergamot orange">bergamot</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vanilla" title="Vanilla">vanilla</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even though a woman's perfume, Ford allegedly told Estée Lauder executives that he wished the perfume smelled like "a man's crotch."<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ford tracked down one of four existing black orchids through a Swiss orchid expert and a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Santa_Barbara,_California" title="Santa Barbara, California">Santa Barbara</a> grower.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While it has been reported that the specific orchid that was used was the recherché dark orchid,<sup id="cite_ref-:5_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ford himself has stated that he holds the patent for the eponymous Tom Ford orchid, which was developed in Florida and he has described as "[m]aybe not completely black, but a deep, dark chocolate."<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Black Orchid was launched on 2 November 2006 at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue_flagship_store" title="Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store">Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where Ford arrived to recommend strategies to the sales associates. Saks, as well as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Neiman_Marcus" title="Neiman Marcus">Neiman Marcus</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Holt_Renfrew" title="Holt Renfrew">Holt Renfrew</a> stores, limited to a total of 50, started selling the fragrance on Sunday, 5 November.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The night of the 2 November, an after-launch party occurred at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Top_of_the_Rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Top of the Rock">Top of the Rock</a>, with celebrities such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Damon_Dash" title="Damon Dash">Damon Dash</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Margherita_Missoni" title="Margherita Missoni">Margherita Missoni</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stavros_Niarchos" title="Stavros Niarchos">Stavros Niarchos</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zac_Posen" title="Zac Posen">Zac Posen</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Julia_Restoin_Roitfeld" title="Julia Restoin Roitfeld">Julia Restoin-Roitfeld</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carine_Roitfeld" title="Carine Roitfeld">Carine Roitfeld</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rachel_Roy" title="Rachel Roy">Rachel Roy</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Donatella_Versace" title="Donatella Versace">Donatella Versace</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Olivia_Wilde" title="Olivia Wilde">Olivia Wilde</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rachel_Zoe" title="Rachel Zoe">Rachel Zoe</a> in attendance.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the event, black curtains were installed at the venue and doused with the perfume.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Upon release, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar" title="Harper's Bazaar">Harper's Bazaar</a></i> described it as possessing a "sensual and woody floral scent."<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Burberry" title="Burberry">Burberry's</a> 150th anniversary, the store sold Black Orchid Eau de Parfum in limited-edition black crystal <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lalique" title="Lalique">Lalique</a> bottles for £345.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The black, fluted glass bottle and cap and engraved gold plate label were described as reminiscent of black bottles such as thouse used for Narcisse Noir by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parfums_Caron" title="Parfums Caron">Parfums Caron</a>, Soir by Perugia, Dans La Nuit by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/House_of_Worth" title="House of Worth">House of Worth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The perfume bottle was photographed by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Irving_Penn" title="Irving Penn">Irving Penn</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:4_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the December 2006 <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/British_Vogue" title="British Vogue">British Vogue</a></i> issue contained a five-page <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gatefold" title="Gatefold">gatefold</a> depicting the fragrance.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For her part, Restoin Roitfeld was photographed "in an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">old-style Hollywood</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Glamour_photography" title="Glamour photography">glamour shot</a>, all red lipstick, dreamy hair and bedroom eyes."<sup id="cite_ref-:5_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rose_Prick_(2020)"><span id="Rose_Prick_.282020.29"></span>Rose Prick (2020)</h3><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>Inspired by Ford's private <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rose_garden" title="Rose garden">rose garden</a>, Rose Prick, was made from wild roses such as Rose de Mai, Turkish and Bulgarian roses, as well as other elements such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chypre" title="Chypre">chypre</a>, Indonesian patchouli, and vanilla and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tonka_Bean" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonka Bean">Tonka bean</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The perfume trademark was filed for registration at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office" title="United States Patent and Trademark Office">United States Patent and Trademark Office</a> on 30 May 2019, and first used commercially when the fragrance was released on 29 February 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fabrizio_Freda" title="Fabrizio Freda">Fabrizio Freda</a>, Estée Lauder CEO, described it as "[combining] all rose floral with a little spicy tender."<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fragrance, which has hints of "the rare Bulgarian rose, rose de mai, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sichuan_pepper" title="Sichuan pepper">Sichuan pepper</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Turmeric" title="Turmeric">turmeric</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Patchouli" title="Patchouli">patchouli</a> and tonka,"<sup id="cite_ref-:7_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was released in February 2020,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at US$335<sup id="cite_ref-:8_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (AU $480,<sup id="cite_ref-:7_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> £218,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> €245,<sup id="cite_ref-:6_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CAN $405)<sup id="cite_ref-:9_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the 50 <abbr title="millimetre">mL</abbr> eau de parfum,<sup id="cite_ref-:7_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the 10 <abbr title="millimetre">mL</abbr> bottle sold for €64<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 100 <abbr title="millimetre">mL</abbr> bottle for £325.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The perfume is stored "in a matte, opaque, pink [<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flacon" title="Flacon">flacon</a>] bottle [with] a matte black metal stamp," which has been described as "[having] the elegant, architectural look of a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chessboard" title="Chessboard">chessboard</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rose Prick is also the name of a tie-in lip colour set, which was described by the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> as "wears effortlessly from day into night,"<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as an eponymous $132<sup id="cite_ref-:11_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (£98)<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> candle, described as having a "spicy floral scent."<sup id="cite_ref-:11_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>When released at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Holt_Renfrew" title="Holt Renfrew">Holt Renfrew</a> in Canada, Rose Prick sold out in two days time.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i> recommended it to individuals who usually do not have a preference towards florals,<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and called it "a lingering evening fragrance."<sup id="cite_ref-:10_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i> called it one of 2020's top ten best fragrances.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i> critiqued that its name had "more of an impression than the juice...what remains is a faint patchouli incense."<sup id="cite_ref-:9_66-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_fragrances">Other fragrances</h3><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>In 2007, the Private Blend collection of fragrances were introduced by Tom Ford Beauty that featured more experimental and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Niche_perfume" title="Niche perfume">niche</a>-quality fragrances at a higher price point. Tom Ford has described Private Blend as his "own personal scent laboratory".<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2021, the Private Blend collection contains twenty three fragrances. The Eau de Parfum Spray, Lost Cherry, won the allure 2021 Best of Beauty Award.
</p><p>At his Spring/Summer 2018 collection runway show, held in September 2017 as part of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week" title="New York Fashion Week">New York Fashion Week</a>, Tom Ford garnered media attention for unveiling a new Private Blend fragrance titled "Fucking Fabulous".<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tom Ford faced reluctance from Estée Lauder Companies in naming the fragrance, with Ford himself saying that "First of all, they didn't even want to launch it" and that he had to insist on the name because "I knew it would be a hit with that name".<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2008" class="citation web cs1">Taylor, Molly (April 22, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/tom-ford-biography">"Tom Ford"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/British_Vogue" title="British Vogue">British Vogue</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Vogue&rft.atitle=Tom+Ford&rft.date=2008-04-22&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Molly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vogue.co.uk%2Farticle%2Ftom-ford-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAvins2006" class="citation news cs1">Avins, Mimi (February 28, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-feb-28-et-quick28.2-story.html">"Tom Ford to launch his own label"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Tom+Ford+to+launch+his+own+label&rft.date=2006-02-28&rft.aulast=Avins&rft.aufirst=Mimi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2006-feb-28-et-quick28.2-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSomBlanckaert2015" class="citation book cs1">Som, Ashok; Blanckaert, Christian (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dqUXBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA320"><i>The Road to Luxury: The Evolution, Markets, and Strategies of Luxury Brand Management</i></a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">John Wiley & Sons</a>. p. 320. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780470830024" title="Special:BookSources/9780470830024"><bdi>9780470830024</bdi></a> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Road+to+Luxury%3A+The+Evolution%2C+Markets%2C+and+Strategies+of+Luxury+Brand+Management&rft.pages=320&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780470830024&rft.aulast=Som&rft.aufirst=Ashok&rft.au=Blanckaert%2C+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdqUXBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA320&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeatty2005" class="citation web cs1">Beatty, Sally (April 6, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB111274933900599101">"Estee Lauder Courts Tom Ford To Revive Brand"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Estee+Lauder+Courts+Tom+Ford+To+Revive+Brand&rft.date=2005-04-06&rft.aulast=Beatty&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB111274933900599101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Singer2005-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Singer2005_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger2005" class="citation web cs1">Singer, Natasha (November 5, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/05/business/estee-lauder-makes-a-play-for-youth.html">"Estée Lauder Makes a Play for Youth"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Est%C3%A9e+Lauder+Makes+a+Play+for+Youth&rft.date=2005-11-05&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Natasha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F11%2F05%2Fbusiness%2Festee-lauder-makes-a-play-for-youth.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVerjee2006" class="citation news cs1">Verjee, Neelam (2006-10-26). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/319620215/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Tom Ford brand launched online"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0140-0460">0140-0460</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Tom+Ford+brand+launched+online&rft.date=2006-10-26&rft.issn=0140-0460&rft.aulast=Verjee&rft.aufirst=Neelam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F319620215%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiami_staff2015" class="citation web cs1">Miami staff (November 3, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.miamiherald.com/miami-com/things-to-do/article224355600.html">"Tom Ford's Flagship Opens in Design District"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miami_Herald" title="Miami Herald">Miami Herald</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=Tom+Ford%27s+Flagship+Opens+in+Design+District&rft.date=2015-11-03&rft.au=Miami+staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamiherald.com%2Fmiami-com%2Fthings-to-do%2Farticle224355600.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-wwd2017-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wwd2017_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wwd2017_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrugatz2017" class="citation web cs1">Strugatz, Rachel (November 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/tom-ford-beauty-on-track-to-hit-2-billion-opening-first-store-11051675/">"Tom Ford Beauty: On Track to Hit $1 Billion, Opening First Store"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=Tom+Ford+Beauty%3A+On+Track+to+Hit+%241+Billion%2C+Opening+First+Store&rft.date=2017-11-17&rft.aulast=Strugatz&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwwd.com%2Fbeauty-industry-news%2Fbeauty-features%2Ftom-ford-beauty-on-track-to-hit-2-billion-opening-first-store-11051675%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernadette2001" class="citation news cs1">Bernadette, Morra (2001-10-11). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/438349125/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Toronto was couture disposal site"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0319-0781">0319-0781</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Toronto+was+couture+disposal+site&rft.date=2001-10-11&rft.issn=0319-0781&rft.aulast=Bernadette&rft.aufirst=Morra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F438349125%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHybert2001" class="citation news cs1">Hybert, Jess (2001-10-24). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/323639203/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Retail Therapy"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Birmingham_Post" title="Birmingham Post">Birmingham Post</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0963-7915">0963-7915</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birmingham+Post&rft.atitle=Retail+Therapy&rft.date=2001-10-24&rft.issn=0963-7915&rft.aulast=Hybert&rft.aufirst=Jess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F323639203%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldstein2001" class="citation news cs1">Goldstein, Melissa Milrad (October 2001). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/220687225/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Something Nu"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Town_%26_Country_(magazine)" title="Town & Country (magazine)">Town & Country</a></i>. Vol. 155, no. 5259. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-9952">0040-9952</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Town+%26+Country&rft.atitle=Something+Nu&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=5259&rft.date=2001-10&rft.issn=0040-9952&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Melissa+Milrad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F220687225%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:0-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaughton2006" class="citation news cs1">Naughton, Julie (2006-07-28). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/231146904/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Ford's Fully Plate: Stores, Films and Building a Beauty Brand"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>. Vol. 192, no. 18. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=Ford%27s+Fully+Plate%3A+Stores%2C+Films+and+Building+a+Beauty+Brand&rft.volume=192&rft.issue=18&rft.date=2006-07-28&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft.aulast=Naughton&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F231146904%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/334352683/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Ache for Orchids"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a></i>. 2006-02-27. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1090-3321">1090-3321</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&rft.atitle=Ache+for+Orchids&rft.date=2006-02-27&rft.issn=1090-3321&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F334352683%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagelPriorNaughtonMcIntyre2006" class="citation news cs1">Nagel, Andrea; Prior, Molly; Naughton, Julie; McIntyre, Megan (2006-06-16). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/231278790/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"What Lies Ahead: form the Surprising Alliance Between Sephora and J.C. Penney to the Heightened State of Activity in the Mass Market Hair Category, the Second Half of the Year is Shaping Up to be Action-Packed and Highly Anticipated. Here, an Insider's Guide to the Season's Most Significant Goings-On"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>. Vol. 191, no. 127. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=What+Lies+Ahead%3A+form+the+Surprising+Alliance+Between+Sephora+and+J.C.+Penney+to+the+Heightened+State+of+Activity+in+the+Mass+Market+Hair+Category%2C+the+Second+Half+of+the+Year+is+Shaping+Up+to+be+Action-Packed+and+Highly+Anticipated.+Here%2C+an+Insider%27s+Guide+to+the+Season%27s+Most+Significant+Goings-On&rft.volume=191&rft.issue=127&rft.date=2006-06-16&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft.aulast=Nagel&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.au=Prior%2C+Molly&rft.au=Naughton%2C+Julie&rft.au=McIntyre%2C+Megan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F231278790%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdgar2006" class="citation news cs1">Edgar, Michelle (2006-06-30). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/231214072/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"The Fall Frangrance Roundup"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>. Vol. 191, no. 139. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=The+Fall+Frangrance+Roundup&rft.volume=191&rft.issue=139&rft.date=2006-06-30&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft.aulast=Edgar&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F231214072%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/231139994/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Fashion Scoops: Tom Weighs Anchor...Trans Europe Express...Paris Encore"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>. Vol. 192, no. 14. 2006-07-24. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=Fashion+Scoops%3A+Tom+Weighs+Anchor...Trans+Europe+Express...Paris+Encore&rft.volume=192&rft.issue=14&rft.date=2006-07-24&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F231139994%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalden2006" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Celia_Walden" title="Celia Walden">Walden, Celia</a> (2006-04-27). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/321347553/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Ford's Choice"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Ford%27s+Choice&rft.date=2006-04-27&rft.issn=0307-1235&rft.aulast=Walden&rft.aufirst=Celia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F321347553%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIzzo2001" class="citation news cs1">Izzo, Kim (2001-07-27). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/439023256/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Mum's the word in fashionBaby Bonus; Daughter as fashion accessory? It's inevitable when the style gene is passed on from mum"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0319-0781">0319-0781</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Mum%27s+the+word+in+fashionBaby+Bonus%3B+Daughter+as+fashion+accessory%3F+It%27s+inevitable+when+the+style+gene+is+passed+on+from+mum&rft.date=2001-07-27&rft.issn=0319-0781&rft.aulast=Izzo&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F439023256%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoolnough2006" class="citation news cs1">Woolnough, Damien (2006-07-28). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/357297120/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"The Buzz"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Australian" title="The Australian">The Australian</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1038-8761">1038-8761</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Australian&rft.atitle=The+Buzz&rft.date=2006-07-28&rft.issn=1038-8761&rft.aulast=Woolnough&rft.aufirst=Damien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F357297120%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/231141315/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Man in Black"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>. Vol. 192, no. 18. 2006-09-28. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=Man+in+Black&rft.volume=192&rft.issue=18&rft.date=2006-09-28&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F231141315%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColavita2006" class="citation news cs1">Colavita, Courtney (2006-10-25). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/231236850/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Tom Ford Launches Website"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>. Vol. 192, no. 87. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=Tom+Ford+Launches+Website&rft.volume=192&rft.issue=87&rft.date=2006-10-25&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft.aulast=Colavita&rft.aufirst=Courtney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F231236850%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:1-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBornNaughton2021" class="citation news cs1">Born, Pete; Naughton, Julie (2021-09-24). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/231303707/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Tom Ford Launches Black Orchid"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=Tom+Ford+Launches+Black+Orchid&rft.date=2021-09-24&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft.aulast=Born&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft.au=Naughton%2C+Julie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F231303707%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:2-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFine2006" class="citation news cs1">Fine, Jenny B. (2006-10-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/231186682/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Black Magic"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>. Vol. 192, no. 83. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=Black+Magic&rft.volume=192&rft.issue=83&rft.date=2006-10-20&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft.aulast=Fine&rft.aufirst=Jenny+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F231186682%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:3-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParnass" class="citation magazine cs1">Parnass, Alexandra. <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/221433555/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Find the Scent That Suits Your Style"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar" title="Harper's Bazaar">Harper's Bazaar</a></i>. No. 3540. pp. 198–202. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0017-7873">0017-7873</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harper%27s+Bazaar&rft.atitle=Find+the+Scent+That+Suits+Your+Style&rft.issue=3540&rft.pages=198-202&rft.issn=0017-7873&rft.aulast=Parnass&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F221433555%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorago2006" class="citation news cs1">Morago, Greg (2006-11-19). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/257040133/CEB73427154847F1PQ/">"Body; Fashion and Beauty"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hartford_Courant" title="Hartford Courant">Hartford Courant</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1047-4153">1047-4153</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hartford+Courant&rft.atitle=Body%3B+Fashion+and+Beauty&rft.date=2006-11-19&rft.issn=1047-4153&rft.aulast=Morago&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F257040133%2FCEB73427154847F1PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/466904206/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Q4 2006 The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. Earnings Conference Call - Final"</a></span>. <i>Fair Disclosure Wire</i>. 2006-08-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fair+Disclosure+Wire&rft.atitle=Q4+2006+The+Est%C3%A9e+Lauder+Companies+Inc.+Earnings+Conference+Call+-+Final&rft.date=2006-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F466904206%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoryn2006" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cathy_Horyn" title="Cathy Horyn">Horyn, Cathy</a> (2006-10-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210924172450/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/22/style/the-remix-fragrances-new-from-tom-ford.html">"The Remix; Fragrances | New From Tom Ford"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. p. 22. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/22/style/the-remix-fragrances-new-from-tom-ford.html">the original</a> on 2021-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Remix%3B+Fragrances+%7C+New+From+Tom+Ford&rft.pages=22&rft.date=2006-10-22&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Horyn&rft.aufirst=Cathy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F10%2F22%2Fstyle%2Fthe-remix-fragrances-new-from-tom-ford.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerz2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rachel_Sarah_Herz" title="Rachel Sarah Herz">Herz, Rachel Sarah</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210925000231/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92802/">"17.2 Brief History of Perfume"</a>. In Gottfried, Jay A. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92797/"><i>Neurobiology of Sensation and Reward</i></a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boca_Raton,_Florida" title="Boca Raton, Florida">Boca Raton, Florida</a>: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/CRC_Press" title="CRC Press">CRC Press</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-6726-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-6726-2"><bdi>978-1-4200-6726-2</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92802/">the original</a> on 2021-09-25 – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=17.2+Brief+History+of+Perfume&rft.btitle=Neurobiology+of+Sensation+and+Reward&rft.place=Boca+Raton%2C+Florida&rft.pub=CRC+Press%2FTaylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4200-6726-2&rft.aulast=Herz&rft.aufirst=Rachel+Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fbooks%2FNBK92802%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:4-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_49-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenkes2006" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Suzy_Menkes" title="Suzy Menkes">Menkes, Suzy</a> (2006-11-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210924231529/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/06/style/06iht-Ftom.3418619.html">"A creature of the night: Tom Ford bares his soul - Style & Design - International Herald Tribune"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1553-8095">1553-8095</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/06/style/06iht-Ftom.3418619.html">the original</a> on 2021-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+creature+of+the+night%3A+Tom+Ford+bares+his+soul+-+Style+%26+Design+-+International+Herald+Tribune&rft.date=2006-11-06&rft.issn=1553-8095&rft.aulast=Menkes&rft.aufirst=Suzy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F11%2F06%2Fstyle%2F06iht-Ftom.3418619.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/333523471/CEB73427154847F1PQ/">"The Transom"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_New_York_Observer" title="The New York Observer">The New York Observer</a></i>. 2006-11-13. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1052-2948">1052-2948</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Observer&rft.atitle=The+Transom&rft.date=2006-11-13&rft.issn=1052-2948&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F333523471%2FCEB73427154847F1PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLomrantzTakhtehchianDiLuna2006" class="citation news cs1">Lomrantz, Tracey; Takhtehchian, Bahar; DiLuna, Amy (2006-11-02). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/306082645/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Shop aholic. Your Guide to the City's Best Steals and Deals"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_Daily_News" title="New York Daily News">New York Daily News</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/9541172">9541172</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Shop+aholic.+Your+Guide+to+the+City%27s+Best+Steals+and+Deals&rft.date=2006-11-02&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F9541172&rft.aulast=Lomrantz&rft.aufirst=Tracey&rft.au=Takhtehchian%2C+Bahar&rft.au=DiLuna%2C+Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F306082645%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRushMolloyHugueninKinon2006" class="citation news cs1">Rush, George; Molloy, Joanna; Huguenin, Patrick; Kinon, Christina (2006-11-06). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/306089337/CEB73427154847F1PQ/">"Dis-chord as Guitarist Shuns & Support"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_Daily_News" title="New York Daily News">New York Daily News</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/9541172">9541172</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Dis-chord+as+Guitarist+Shuns+%26+Support&rft.date=2006-11-06&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F9541172&rft.aulast=Rush&rft.aufirst=George&rft.au=Molloy%2C+Joanna&rft.au=Huguenin%2C+Patrick&rft.au=Kinon%2C+Christina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F306089337%2FCEB73427154847F1PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBravoBadia2006" class="citation news cs1">Bravo, Richard; Badia, Alex (2006-11-13). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/210812245/CEB73427154847F1PQ/">"A Belgian Banquet: Barney's Ftes Raf Simons in Style"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Daily_News_Record" title="Daily News Record">Daily News Record</a></i>. Vol. 36, no. 46<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+News+Record&rft.atitle=A+Belgian+Banquet%3A+Barney%27s+Ftes+Raf+Simons+in+Style&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=46&rft.date=2006-11-13&rft.aulast=Bravo&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Badia%2C+Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F210812245%2FCEB73427154847F1PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/221415238/EC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ/">"Best Beauty"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar" title="Harper's Bazaar">Harper's Bazaar</a></i>. No. 3540. November 2006. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0017-7873">0017-7873</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harper%27s+Bazaar&rft.atitle=Best+Beauty&rft.issue=3540&rft.date=2006-11&rft.issn=0017-7873&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F221415238%2FEC45D6A0109C4FC0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLazaro2006" class="citation news cs1">Lazaro, Clare (2006-11-04). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/319638533/CEB73427154847F1PQ/">"Bestsellers, store news and top tips for the season ahead"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0140-0460">0140-0460</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Bestsellers%2C+store+news+and+top+tips+for+the+season+ahead&rft.date=2006-11-04&rft.issn=0140-0460&rft.aulast=Lazaro&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F319638533%2FCEB73427154847F1PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCormack2006" class="citation news cs1">McCormack, Derek (2006-11-18). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/330656310/CEB73427154847F1PQ/">"Make scents of the season"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Post" title="National Post">National Post</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1486-8008">1486-8008</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=Make+scents+of+the+season&rft.date=2006-11-18&rft.issn=1486-8008&rft.aulast=McCormack&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F330656310%2FCEB73427154847F1PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmithConti2006" class="citation news cs1">Smith, Stephanie D.; Conti, Samantha (2006-11-06). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/231298847/CEB73427154847F1PQ/">"Memo Pad: Take Two...Grand Dame"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>. Vol. 192, no. 96. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-24</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=Memo+Pad%3A+Take+Two...Grand+Dame&rft.volume=192&rft.issue=96&rft.date=2006-11-06&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Stephanie+D.&rft.au=Conti%2C+Samantha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F231298847%2FCEB73427154847F1PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:6-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/2373462403/7194C807452F41F0PQ/">"Cult Product"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunday_Independent_(Ireland)" title="Sunday Independent (Ireland)">Sunday Independent</a></i>. 2020-03-08. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0039-5218">0039-5218</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sunday+Independent&rft.atitle=Cult+Product&rft.date=2020-03-08&rft.issn=0039-5218&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2373462403%2F7194C807452F41F0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/2464335863/7194C807452F41F0PQ/">"USPTO Issues Trademark: Tom Ford Rose Prick"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Federal_News_Service" title="Federal News Service">Federal News Service</a></i>. 2020-11-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+News+Service&rft.atitle=USPTO+Issues+Trademark%3A+Tom+Ford+Rose+Prick&rft.date=2020-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2464335863%2F7194C807452F41F0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/2463615261/7194C807452F41F0PQ/">"Estee Lauder Companies Inc Annual Shareholders Meeting - Final"</a></span>. <i>Fair Disclosure Wire</i>. 2020-11-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fair+Disclosure+Wire&rft.atitle=Estee+Lauder+Companies+Inc+Annual+Shareholders+Meeting+-+Final&rft.date=2020-11-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2463615261%2F7194C807452F41F0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:7-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/2351420496/7194C807452F41F0PQ/">"Cherish"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Australian_Financial_Review" title="Australian Financial Review">Australian Financial Review</a></i>. 2020-02-07. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1444-9900">1444-9900</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Financial+Review&rft.atitle=Cherish&rft.date=2020-02-07&rft.issn=1444-9900&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2351420496%2F7194C807452F41F0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung2020" class="citation news cs1">Young, Sarah (2020-02-06). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/2352237967/7194C807452F41F0PQ/">"20 new beauty launches you need to know about this month"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0951-9467">0951-9467</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=20+new+beauty+launches+you+need+to+know+about+this+month&rft.date=2020-02-06&rft.issn=0951-9467&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2352237967%2F7194C807452F41F0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:8-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:8_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShatzman2020" class="citation news cs1">Shatzman, Celia (2020-08-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210721230833/https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-fragrances-1203691942/">"The Best Fragrances of 2020"</a>. <i>Women's Wear Daily</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-fragrances-1203691942/">the original</a> on 2021-07-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=The+Best+Fragrances+of+2020&rft.date=2020-08-11&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft.aulast=Shatzman&rft.aufirst=Celia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwwd.com%2Fshop%2Fshop-beauty%2Fbest-fragrances-1203691942%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFetto2020" class="citation news cs1">Fetto, Funmi (2020-02-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200915012958/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/feb/23/funmi-fetto-beauty-spot-neon-fragrance-tom-ford-jo-malone-hair-mask-dolce-gabbana">"Don't wait for festival season for a neon glow"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1756-3224">1756-3224</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/feb/23/funmi-fetto-beauty-spot-neon-fragrance-tom-ford-jo-malone-hair-mask-dolce-gabbana">the original</a> on 2020-09-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Don%27t+wait+for+festival+season+for+a+neon+glow&rft.date=2020-02-23&rft.issn=1756-3224&rft.aulast=Fetto&rft.aufirst=Funmi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2020%2Ffeb%2F23%2Ffunmi-fetto-beauty-spot-neon-fragrance-tom-ford-jo-malone-hair-mask-dolce-gabbana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:9-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:9_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_66-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtkinson2020" class="citation news cs1">Atkinson, Nathalie (2020-07-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201206011258/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/style/article-these-10-summery-perfumes-offer-a-whiff-of-much-needed-escape/">"10 summery perfumes that offer a whiff of much-needed escape"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0319-0714">0319-0714</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/style/article-these-10-summery-perfumes-offer-a-whiff-of-much-needed-escape/">the original</a> on 2020-12-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=10+summery+perfumes+that+offer+a+whiff+of+much-needed+escape&rft.date=2020-07-17&rft.issn=0319-0714&rft.aulast=Atkinson&rft.aufirst=Nathalie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Flife%2Fstyle%2Farticle-these-10-summery-perfumes-offer-a-whiff-of-much-needed-escape%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh2021" class="citation news cs1">Walsh, Rachel Marie (2021-02-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210206080425/https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/fashionandbeauty/arid-40216703.html">"Product Watch: Roses are a classic choice for Valentine's Day — here are 5 top picks"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Irish_Examiner" title="Irish Examiner">Irish Examiner</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1393-9564">1393-9564</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/fashionandbeauty/arid-40216703.html">the original</a> on 2021-02-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irish+Examiner&rft.atitle=Product+Watch%3A+Roses+are+a+classic+choice+for+Valentine%27s+Day+%E2%80%94+here+are+5+top+picks&rft.date=2021-02-09&rft.issn=1393-9564&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Rachel+Marie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishexaminer.com%2Flifestyle%2Ffashionandbeauty%2Farid-40216703.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:10-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:10_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHooper2020" class="citation news cs1">Hooper, Camila (2020-12-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201225174441/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/wellness/best-beauty-christmas-gifts-2020-luxury-perfume-sets/">"The best luxury Christmas beauty gifts for 2020"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/wellness/best-beauty-christmas-gifts-2020-luxury-perfume-sets/">the original</a></span> on 2020-12-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+best+luxury+Christmas+beauty+gifts+for+2020&rft.date=2020-12-23&rft.issn=0307-1235&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=Camila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fluxury%2Fwellness%2Fbest-beauty-christmas-gifts-2020-luxury-perfume-sets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/2418056458/7194C807452F41F0PQ/">"Tom Ford"</a></span>. <i>Cyprus Mail</i>. 2020-06-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cyprus+Mail&rft.atitle=Tom+Ford&rft.date=2020-06-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2418056458%2F7194C807452F41F0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTsang2020" class="citation news cs1">Tsang, Jacqueline (2020-12-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210506124204/https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/luxury/article/3114003/christmas-beauty-gift-ideas-luxury-cosmetics-christian">"Christmas beauty gift ideas: luxury cosmetics from Christian Louboutin, Tom Ford, Guerlain and more now available in Hong Kong"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1563-9371">1563-9371</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/luxury/article/3114003/christmas-beauty-gift-ideas-luxury-cosmetics-christian">the original</a> on 2021-05-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Christmas+beauty+gift+ideas%3A+luxury+cosmetics+from+Christian+Louboutin%2C+Tom+Ford%2C+Guerlain+and+more+now+available+in+Hong+Kong&rft.date=2020-12-15&rft.issn=1563-9371&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Jacqueline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fmagazines%2Fstyle%2Fluxury%2Farticle%2F3114003%2Fchristmas-beauty-gift-ideas-luxury-cosmetics-christian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:11-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:11_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:11_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelfiore2021" class="citation news cs1">Belfiore, Emily (2021-01-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210411111231/https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-valentines-day-candles-1234704067/">"The 16 Best Valentine's Day Candles"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-7581">0043-7581</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wwd.com/shop/shop-beauty/best-valentines-day-candles-1234704067/">the original</a> on 2021-04-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Wear+Daily&rft.atitle=The+16+Best+Valentine%27s+Day+Candles&rft.date=2021-01-20&rft.issn=0043-7581&rft.aulast=Belfiore&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwwd.com%2Fshop%2Fshop-beauty%2Fbest-valentines-day-candles-1234704067%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcFarland2021" class="citation news cs1">McFarland, Jane (2021-02-07). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/2486933424/7194C807452F41F0PQ/">"Tickled pink: Romance isn't dead (yet). Avoid the overpriced clichés and spread the love with the most stylish of gifts"</a></span>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0956-1382">0956-1382</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span> – via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Times&rft.atitle=Tickled+pink%3A+Romance+isn%27t+dead+%28yet%29.+Avoid+the+overpriced+clich%C3%A9s+and+spread+the+love+with+the+most+stylish+of+gifts&rft.date=2021-02-07&rft.issn=0956-1382&rft.aulast=McFarland&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2486933424%2F7194C807452F41F0PQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928142154/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/beauty/make-up/9-best-beauty-products-buy-now-makeup-skincare-experts-2021/">"The 9 best beauty products to buy now, according to The Telegraph's experts"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. 2020-02-28. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/beauty/make-up/9-best-beauty-products-buy-now-makeup-skincare-experts-2021/">the original</a></span> on 2021-09-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+9+best+beauty+products+to+buy+now%2C+according+to+The+Telegraph%27s+experts&rft.date=2020-02-28&rft.issn=0307-1235&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fbeauty%2Fmake-up%2F9-best-beauty-products-buy-now-makeup-skincare-experts-2021%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pEdWlivdR-s">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Private Blend is my own personal scent laboratory." PRIVATE BLEND | TOM FORD"</a>. <i>YouTube</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=%22Private+Blend+is+my+own+personal+scent+laboratory.%22+PRIVATE+BLEND+%7C+TOM+FORD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DpEdWlivdR-s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReed2017" class="citation web cs1">Reed, Sam (September 1, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/tom-fords-fucking-fabulous-perfume-1034571">"Tom Ford's New Fragrance Is "F—ing Fabulous"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Tom+Ford%27s+New+Fragrance+Is+%22F%E2%80%94ing+Fabulous%22&rft.date=2017-09-01&rft.aulast=Reed&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fnews%2Ftom-fords-fucking-fabulous-perfume-1034571&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarcella2018" class="citation web cs1">Darcella, Aria (October 24, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fashionweekdaily.com/tom-ford-fucking-fabulous-interview/">"Tom Ford's Perfume Almost Didn't Get Its Fucking Fabulous Name"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Daily_Front_Row" class="mw-redirect" title="The Daily Front Row">The Daily Front Row</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Front+Row&rft.atitle=Tom+Ford%27s+Perfume+Almost+Didn%27t+Get+Its+Fucking+Fabulous+Name&rft.date=2018-10-24&rft.aulast=Darcella&rft.aufirst=Aria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffashionweekdaily.com%2Ftom-ford-fucking-fabulous-interview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATom+Ford+%28brand%29" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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</ol></div></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection">
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</div>
<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tomford.com/">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tom_Ford" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Tom_Ford" title="Template:Tom Ford"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Tom_Ford" title="Template talk:Tom Ford"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tom_Ford" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tom Ford"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tom_Ford" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_Ford" title="Tom Ford">Tom Ford</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000000">Label</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Domenico_De_Sole" title="Domenico De Sole">Domenico De Sole</a> (Chairman)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Films_directed_by_Tom_Ford" title="Category:Films directed by Tom Ford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000000">Films</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/A_Single_Man" title="A Single Man">A Single Man</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nocturnal_Animals" title="Nocturnal Animals">Nocturnal Animals</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_Ford_(song)" title="Tom Ford (song)">"Tom Ford" (song)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Richard_Buckley_(journalist)" title="Richard Buckley (journalist)">Richard Buckley</a> (husband)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cerro_Pelon_Ranch" title="Cerro Pelon Ranch">Cerro Pelon Ranch</a> (former residence)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Eyewear_retailers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Eyewear_retailers" title="Template:Eyewear retailers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Eyewear_retailers" title="Template talk:Eyewear retailers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eyewear_retailers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eyewear retailers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eyewear_retailers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eyewear_retailer" class="mw-redirect" title="Eyewear retailer">Eyewear retailers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/EssilorLuxottica" title="EssilorLuxottica">EssilorLuxottica</a> owned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apollo-Optik" title="Apollo-Optik">Apollo-Optik</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Clearly.ca" class="mw-redirect" title="Clearly.ca">Clearly.ca/Coastal.com</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/EyeBuyDirect" class="mw-redirect" title="EyeBuyDirect">EyeBuyDirect</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/FramesDirect.com" title="FramesDirect.com">FramesDirect.com</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/LensCrafters" title="LensCrafters">LensCrafters</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/OPSM" title="OPSM">OPSM</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pearle_Vision" title="Pearle Vision">Pearle Vision</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sears" title="Sears">Sears Optical</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sunglass_Hut" title="Sunglass Hut">Sunglass Hut</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Target_Optical" title="Target Optical">Target Optical</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vision_Express" title="Vision Express">Vision Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vision_Source" title="Vision Source">Vision Source</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Not EssilorLuxottica owned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/America%27s_Best_Contacts_%26_Eyeglasses" title="America's Best Contacts & Eyeglasses">America's Best Contacts & Eyeglasses</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boots_Opticians" title="Boots Opticians">Boots Opticians</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dollond_%26_Aitchison" title="Dollond & Aitchison">Dollond & Aitchison</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cohen%27s_Fashion_Optical" title="Cohen's Fashion Optical">Cohen's Fashion Optical</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fielmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Fielmann">Fielmann</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/GKB_Opticals" title="GKB Opticals">GKB Opticals</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/GlassesUSA" title="GlassesUSA">GlassesUSA</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gunnar_Optiks" title="Gunnar Optiks">Gunnar Optiks</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hakim_Optical" title="Hakim Optical">Hakim Optical</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hassan%27s_Optician_Co." title="Hassan's Optician Co.">Hassan's Optician Co.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Moscot" title="Moscot">Moscot</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Optical_Express" title="Optical Express">Optical Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Solstice_Sunglasses" title="Solstice Sunglasses">Solstice Sunglasses</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Specsavers" title="Specsavers">Specsavers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/US_Vision" title="US Vision">US Vision</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Visionworks_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Visionworks of America">Visionworks of America</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Warby_Parker" title="Warby Parker">Warby Parker</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zenni_Optical" title="Zenni Optical">Zenni Optical</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>
<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Eyewear_retailers" title="Category:Eyewear retailers">Category</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1728430113' |
