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'{{short description|Software to run a collaborative wiki (Including private wiki)}} {{More citations needed|date=April 2023}} [[File:Homepage of Wikipedia.png|thumb|[[Homepage]] of [[Wikipedia]] on mobile, which runs on [[MediaWiki]], one of the most popular wiki software packages|alt=Homepage of Wikipedia, which runs on MediaWiki, one of the most popular wiki software packages]] '''Wiki software''' (also known as a '''wiki engine''' or a '''wiki application''') is [[collaborative software]] that runs a [[wiki]], which allows the users to create and collaboratively edit pages or entries via a [[web browser]]. A wiki system is usually a [[web application]] that runs on one or more [[web server]]s. The content, including previous revisions, is usually stored in either a [[file system]] or a [[database]]. Wikis are a type of [[web content management system]], and the most commonly supported off-the-shelf software that [[web hosting]] facilities offer. There are dozens of actively maintained [[List of wiki software|wiki engines]]. They vary in the [[Platforms (computing)|platforms]] they run on, the [[programming language]] they were developed in, whether they are [[Open-source software|open-source]] or [[proprietary software|proprietary]], their support for natural language characters and conventions, and their assumptions about technical versus social control of [[Editing software|editing]]. == Purohit Weightlifting Coach =={{Short description|Indian weightlifter (born 1992)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}} {{Infobox sportsperson | name = Purohit | fullname = | image = | caption = | headercolor = | native_name = | native_name_lang = hindi | birth_name = | nickname = | nationality = [[India]]n | birth_date = {{birth-date and age|1 January 1992}} | birth_place = [[Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh|Gwalior]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], India | death_date = | death_place = | height = {{convert|1.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | weight = {{convert|73|kg|lb|abbr=on}} | website = | country = India | sport = [[Olympic weightlifting|Weightlifting]] | event = weightlifting | turnedpro = | partner = | former_partner = | coach = Vijay Sharma | retired = | coaching = | worlds = | regionals = | nationals = 5 Time National champion, India record holder | olympics = | paralympics = | highestranking = | pb = Snatch 143kg, clean jerk 173 kg | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Men's [[Olympic weightlifting|weightlifting]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}} {{MedalComp|[[National Weightlifting Championships]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2018 National Weightlifting Championships|2018 Ranchi]]|69 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2019 National Weightlifting Championships|2019 Visakhapatnam]]|73 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2020 National Weightlifting Championships|2020 Kolkata]]|73 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2021 National Weightlifting Championships|2021 Patna]]|73 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2022 National Weightlifting Championships|2022 Bengaluru]]|73 kg}} | show-medals = y | updated = }} Purohit (born 1 January 1992) is an Indian weightlifter from Gwalior, Purohit weightlifting Coach Name Susheel kumar Purohit Madhya Pradesh. He serves in the Indian Army. == Biography of purohit weightlifting coach == {{Short description|Indian weightlifter (born 1992)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}} {{Infobox sportsperson | name = Purohit | fullname = | image = | caption = | headercolor = | native_name = | native_name_lang = hindi | birth_name = | nickname = | nationality = [[India]]n | birth_date = {{birth-date and age|1 January 1992}} | birth_place = [[Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh|Gwalior]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], India | death_date = | death_place = | height = {{convert|1.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | weight = {{convert|73|kg|lb|abbr=on}} | website = | country = India | sport = [[Olympic weightlifting|Weightlifting]] | event = weightlifting | turnedpro = | partner = | former_partner = | coach = Vijay Sharma | retired = | coaching = | worlds = | regionals = | nationals = 5 Time National champion, India record holder | olympics = | paralympics = | highestranking = | pb = Snatch 143kg, clean jerk 173 kg | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Men's [[Olympic weightlifting|weightlifting]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}} {{MedalComp|[[National Weightlifting Championships]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2018 National Weightlifting Championships|2018 Ranchi]]|69 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2019 National Weightlifting Championships|2019 Visakhapatnam]]|73 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2020 National Weightlifting Championships|2020 Kolkata]]|73 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2021 National Weightlifting Championships|2021 Patna]]|73 kg}} {{MedalGold|[[2022 National Weightlifting Championships|2022 Bengaluru]]|73 kg}} | show-medals = y | updated = }} Purohit (born 1 January 1992) is an Indian weightlifter from Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. He serves in the Indian Army. == Types of usage == There are essentially three types of usage for wiki software: public-facing wikis with a potentially large community of readers and editors, private [[enterprise wiki]]s for [[data management]] by corporations and other organizations, and [[personal wiki]]s, meant to be used by a single person to manage notes, and usually run on a [[Desktop computer|desktop]]. Some wiki software is specifically geared for one of the usage types, while other software can be used for all three, but contains functionality, either in its core or through plugins, that help with one or more of the usage types. === Public wikis === Public wikis are usually open to the public to read, edit and comment on some or all of the article space of each wiki. Many offer registration to offer further access and controls to each user and a few have, in-part commercialised aspects or further access, such as the popular wiki farm, [[Wikia|Fandom]]. [[MediaWiki]] is by far the most dominant software as it powers [[Wikipedia]], consistently and by a large margin, the most visited public wiki,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alexa.com/topsites|title=Alexa Top 500 Global Sites |website=Alexa |access-date=11 April 2017|archive-date=2 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302173920/http://www.alexa.com/topsites|url-status=dead}}</ref> it also powers many other public wikis as well.<ref name="wikiindex">{{Cite web |title=Browse data: All |url=http://wikiindex.org/Special:BrowseData/All?_single&Status%5B0%5D=Active&Status%5B1%5D=New&Status%5B2%5D=Vibrant |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725180037/https://wikiindex.org/Special:BrowseData/All?_single&Status%5B0%5D=Active&Status%5B1%5D=New&Status%5B2%5D=Vibrant |archive-date=Jul 25, 2021 |website=WikiIndex}}</ref> Other wiki engines used regularly for public wikis include [[MoinMoin]] and [[PmWiki]], [[List of wiki software|along with many others]].<ref name="wikiindex" /> Other Internet websites, based on wiki software, include [[Encyclopedia|encyclopedias]] such as [[Sensei's Library]], [[Parlia]], and [[WikiTree]]. === Enterprise wikis === [[Enterprise software|Enterprise]] wiki software is software intended to be used in a corporate (or organizational) context,<ref>"[http://www.infoworld.com/d/developer-world/year-enterprise-wiki-305 Year of the enterprise Wiki: Lightweight Web collaboration gets down to business]", Jon Udell, ''[[InfoWorld]]'', December 30, 2004.</ref> especially to enhance internal [[knowledge sharing]]. It tends to have a greater emphasis on features like access control, integration with other software, and [[document management system|document management]]. Most proprietary wiki applications specifically market themselves as enterprise solutions, including [[Socialtext]], [[Jive (software)|Jive]], [[Traction TeamPage]] and [[Notion (productivity software)|Notion]]. Increasingly offerings appear which use the name 'wiki' but do not offer basic elements common to established wikis, like Wiki Markup and Link-first workflow as in [[Confluence (software)|Confluence]] (since 2018),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFCLOUD-67129|title = &#91;CONFCLOUD-67129&#93; Link to an undefined page (A page that doesn't exist yet) |website=Jira Software - Atlassian |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130210831/https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFCLOUD-67129 |archive-date= Nov 30, 2022 }}</ref> or Version Control of [[Full-text search|Full Text Search]] [[Microsoft Teams]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/forums/555103-public/suggestions/33575167-wiki-search|title=Fulltextsearch for Wiki |website=Microsoft Teams UserVoice |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112012012/https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/forums/555103-public/suggestions/18623599-fulltextsearch-for-wiki|archive-date=2020-11-12}}</ref> In addition, some open source wiki applications also describe themselves as enterprise solutions, including [[XWiki]], [[Foswiki]],<ref>"[http://foswiki.org/ Foswiki - The free enterprise collaboration platform]".</ref> [[TWiki]],<ref>"[http://twiki.org/ TWiki - the Open Source Enterprise Wiki and Web Application Platform]".</ref> and [[BlueSpice MediaWiki|BlueSpice]].<ref>"[https://bluespice.com/ BlueSpice - The Wiki and Knowledge Base Software]".</ref> Some open-source wiki applications, though they do not specifically bill themselves as enterprise solutions, have marketing materials geared for enterprise users, like [[Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tiki.org/Enterprise|title=Enterprise |website=Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware |date=11 August 2022 |access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> and [[MediaWiki]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Enterprise_hub|title=Enterprise hub |website= MediaWiki|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> Many other wiki applications have also been used within enterprises. Among the many companies and government organizations that use wikis internally are [[Adobe Systems]], [[Amazon.com]], [[Intel]], [[Microsoft]], and the [[Intellipedia|United States intelligence community]]. Within organizations, wikis may either add to or replace centrally managed content management systems. Their decentralized nature allows them, in principle, to disseminate needed information across an organization more rapidly and more cheaply than a centrally controlled knowledge repository. Wikis can also be used for [[document management]], [[project management]], [[customer relationship management]], [[enterprise resource planning]], and many other kinds of data management. Features of wikis which can serve an enterprise include: * Entering information into quick and easy-to-create pages, including hyperlinks to other corporate information systems like people directories, [[Content management system|CMS]], applications, and thus to facilitate the buildup of useful knowledge bases. * Reduces [[e-mail]] overload. Wikis allow all relevant information to be shared by people working on a given project. Conversely, only the wiki users interested in a given project need look at its associated wiki pages, in contrast to high-traffic mailing lists which may burden subscribers with many messages, regardless of their relevance. It is also very useful for the project manager to have all the communication stored in one place, which allows them to link the responsibility for every action taken to a particular team member. * Organizes information. Wikis help users structure information into discoverable and searchable categories. These may arise from users in a bottom-up way. Users can create lists, tables, timelines and other ways of expressing order. * Builds consensus. Wikis allow structuring the expression of views, on a topic being considered by authors, on the same page. This feature is very useful when writing documentation, preparing presentations, when author opinions differ, and so on. * Access levels by rights and roles. Users can be denied access to view and/or edit given pages, depending upon their department or role within the organization. * Knowledge management with comprehensive searches. This includes document management, project management, and knowledge repositories useful during times of employee turnover or retirement. === Personal wikis === Software that is specifically designed for running personal wikis includes [[Tomboy (software)|Tomboy]], [[PmWiki]], and [[ConnectedText]] (now discontinued). Other, more general, wiki applications have components geared for individual users, including [[MoinMoin]] (which offers a "DesktopEdition"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://moinmo.in/DesktopEdition|title=DesktopEdition |website= MoinMoin |date=2016-12-01 |access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref>), and [[TiddlyWiki]]. == Editing == Most wiki software uses a special syntax, known as [[wiki markup]], for users to format the text, instead of requiring them to enter in [[HTML]]. Some wiki applications also include a [[WYSIWYG]] editor, either instead of or in addition to the wiki markup editing. Based on the [[atomicity (database systems)|atomic]] property of [[database|database systems]], any edit should be [[tracking and tracing|traced]]. On wiki software, the [[chronology]] of edits (e.g. published by Internet users) in any given article may be [[Import and export of data|locally saved]] with a common [[XML|.xml]] file extension by people having [[superuser|administrator rights]]. == Hosted application == There are a variety of [[wiki hosting service]]s, otherwise known as wiki farms, that host users' wikis on a server. Some wiki software is only available in hosted form: [[PBworks]], [[Wetpaint]] and [[Wikispaces]] are all examples of wiki hosting services that run on code that is only available on those sites. Other wiki software is available in both [[Web hosting service|hosted]] and downloadable form, including [[Confluence (software)|Confluence]], [[Socialtext]], [[MediaWiki]] and [[XWiki]]. == Additional features == === Content-management features === Wiki software can include features that come with traditional content management systems, such as [[Calendar|calendars]], [[Time management|to-do lists]], [[blog]]s and discussion [[Internet forum|forums]]. All of these can either be stored via versioned wiki pages, or simply be a separate piece of functionality. Software that supports blogs with wiki-style editing and versioning is sometimes known as "bliki" software. Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware is an example of wiki software that is designed to support such features at its core. Many of the enterprise wiki applications, such as [[TWiki]], [[Confluence (software)|Confluence]] and [[SharePoint]], also support such features, as do open-source applications like [[MediaWiki]] and [[XWiki]], via [[plug-in (computing)|plugins]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://platform.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Features/Applications|title=Applications & Extensions (Features.Applications) |website=XWiki |date=September 23, 2015 |access-date=11 April 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510025733/http://platform.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Features/Applications |archive-date= May 10, 2017 }}</ref> === Scripting === Some wiki applications let users embed [[Scripting language|scripting]]-style calls into wiki pages, which are processed by the wiki's parser and run either when the page is saved or when it is displayed. [[XWiki]] and [[MediaWiki]] are examples of such applications.<ref>{{citation|citeseerx = 10.1.1.131.2458|title=Lightweight End-User Programming with Wikis| first1 = C. | last1 = Anslow | first2 = D. | last2 = Riehle|year=2007|publisher=SAP Research}}</ref> Specifically XWiki offers support for the following scripting languages: [[Groovy (programming language)|Groovy]], [[Velocity (JavaScript library)|Velocity]], [[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]], [[Python (programming language)|Python]], [[PHP]] or more generally any [[Scripting for the Java Platform|JSR223]] scripting language. === Semantic annotation === Wiki software can let users store data via the wiki, in a way that can be exported via the [[Semantic Web]], or queried internally within the wiki. A wiki that allows such annotation is known as a [[semantic wiki]]. The current best-known semantic wiki software is [[Semantic MediaWiki]], a plugin to MediaWiki. === Mobile access === Some wiki software have special handling for accessing by mobile devices, such as [[mobile phone]]s. This is usually done by displaying conservative [[HTML]] coding.<ref>[http://www.cio.com/article/19955/Socialtext_Optimizes_Wiki_for_Mobile_Users?contentId=19955&slug=& Socialtext Optimizes Wiki for Mobile Users], [[CIO Magazine]], April 5, 2006, retrieved 2008-09-20</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lu |first1=Mat |title=W2: a little iPhone wiki] |url=http://www.tuaw.com/2007/07/15/w2-a-little-iphone-wiki/ |website=[[Weblogs, Inc.#The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW)|TUAW]] |access-date=August 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130205030858/http://www.tuaw.com/2007/07/15/w2-a-little-iphone-wiki/ |archive-date=2013-02-05 |date=July 15, 2007 |url-status=unfit}}</ref> === Offline viewing and editing === Various approaches to providing wiki functionality when the user is not online have been tried. For users who need to simply read the wiki's content when offline, a copy of the content can often be made easily; in the case of Wikipedia, [[CD-ROM]]s and printed versions have been made of parts of Wikipedia's content. Allowing offline editing, however (where the changes are synchronized when the user is back online), is a much more difficult process. One approach to doing this is using a [[distributed revision control system]] as a [[Front and back ends|backend]] of the wiki, in [[peer-to-peer]] style. With this approach, there is no central store of the wiki's content; instead, every user keeps a complete copy of the wiki locally, and the software handles merging and propagating of changes when they are made. This is the approach taken by the [[ikiwiki]] engine (which can use the distributed revision control system [[Git (software)|Git]] as its back-end), and [[Code Co-op]] (a distributed revision control system that includes a wiki component). === Distributing and decentralizing === Wiki software can be [[Peer-to-peer|distributed]].<ref name="DavoustSkaf-Molli2015">{{cite journal|last1=Davoust|first1=Alan|last2=Skaf-Molli|first2=Hala|last3=Molli|first3=Pascal|last4=Esfandiari|first4=Babak|last5=Aslan|first5=Khaled|title=Distributed wikis: a survey|journal=Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience|volume=27|issue=11|year=2015|pages=2751–2777|issn=1532-0626|doi=10.1002/cpe.3439|s2cid=45142475|url=https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01100371/document}}</ref> XWiki is able to function in this way.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://concerto.xwiki.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/WebHome|title=XWiki Concerto Project homepage|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> Smallest Federated Wiki promotes a federation of wiki servers,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fed.wiki.org|title=Welcome Visitors|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> There has also been research done on allowing Wikipedia to be run as a [[Decentralized web|decentralized]] wiki.<ref>[http://www.globule.org/publi/DWECWH_webist2007.html A Decentralized Wiki Engine for Collaborative Wikipedia Hosting], Guido Urdaneta, Guillaume Pierre and Maarten van Steen, ''Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technology (''[[Webist]]'')'', March 2007</ref><ref>[http://www.globule.org/publi/WWADH_comnet2009.html Wikipedia Workload Analysis for Decentralized Hosting], Guido Urdaneta, Guillaume Pierre, Maarten van Steen, ''Elsevier Computer Networks'' 53(11), pp. 1830–1845, July 2009</ref> == See also == * [[Collaborative editing]] * [[Comparison of wiki software]] * [[Enterprise portal]] * [[Enterprise social software]] * [[List of collaborative software]] * [[List of wiki software]] == Notes == {{reflist|30em}} == References == * Andersen, Espen (2005). [http://www.espen.com/papers/Andersen-2005-corpwikis.pdf Using Wikis in a Corporate Context]. In ''Handbuch E-Learning''. A. Hohenstein and K. Wilbers (eds). Cologne, WoltersKluwer. 5.8: 15. * Guy, Marieke (2006). [http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue49/guy/ Wiki or Won't He? A Tale of Public Sector Wikis]. Ariadne Issue 49. * Grzeganek, K.; Frost, I.; Gross, D (2011). [http://www.community-of-knowledge.de/fileadmin/user_upload/attachments/wikis_for_knowledge_management_in_organisations.pdf Spoilt for Choice - Wiki Software for Knowledge Management in Organisations]. Community of Knowledge. {{Wikis}} {{Wiki software}} {{WebManTools}} [[Category:Wiki software| ]] [[Category:Web portals]] [[Category:Information technology management]]'