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Type of the user account (user_type) | 'ip' |
Age of the user account (user_age) | 0 |
Groups (including implicit) the user is in (user_groups) | [
0 => '*'
] |
Whether or not a user is editing through the mobile interface (user_mobile) | true |
Whether the user is editing from mobile app (user_app) | false |
Page ID (page_id) | 33164 |
Page namespace (page_namespace) | 0 |
Page title without namespace (page_title) | 'Wiki software' |
Full page title (page_prefixedtitle) | 'Wiki software' |
Edit protection level of the page (page_restrictions_edit) | [] |
Last ten users to contribute to the page (page_recent_contributors) | [
0 => 'Tessaract2',
1 => '27.63.19.157',
2 => 'Devchar',
3 => 'Cooldudeseven7',
4 => 'ClueBot NG',
5 => '62.6.62.146',
6 => 'CosmLearner',
7 => '49.145.15.192',
8 => 'Nyakase',
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Page age in seconds (page_age) | 742587143 |
Action (action) | 'edit' |
Edit summary/reason (summary) | '' |
Time since last page edit in seconds (page_last_edit_age) | 356048 |
Old content model (old_content_model) | 'wikitext' |
New content model (new_content_model) | 'wikitext' |
Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{short description|Software to run a collaborative wiki (Including private wiki)}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2023}}
[[File:Homepage of Wikipedia.png|thumb|[[Homepage]] of [[Wikipedia]] on mobile, which runs on [[MediaWiki]], one of the most popular wiki software packages|alt=Homepage of Wikipedia, which runs on MediaWiki, one of the most popular wiki software packages]]
'''Wiki software''' (also known as a '''wiki engine''' or a '''wiki application''') is [[collaborative software]] that runs a [[wiki]], which allows the users to create and collaboratively edit pages or entries via a [[web browser]]. A wiki system is usually a [[web application]] that runs on one or more [[web server]]s. The content, including previous revisions, is usually stored in either a [[file system]] or a [[database]]. Wikis are a type of [[web content management system]], and the most commonly supported off-the-shelf software that [[web hosting]] facilities offer.
There are dozens of actively maintained [[List of wiki software|wiki engines]]. They vary in the [[Platforms (computing)|platforms]] they run on, the [[programming language]] they were developed in, whether they are [[Open-source software|open-source]] or [[proprietary software|proprietary]], their support for natural language characters and conventions, and their assumptions about technical versus social control of [[Editing software|editing]].
== History ==
{{main|History of wikis}}
The first generally recognized "wiki" application, [[WikiWikiWeb]], was created by American computer programmer [[Ward Cunningham]], and launched on c2.com in 1995.<ref>''The Wiki Way. Quick collaboration on the Web'', Addison-Wesley (April 2001) {{ISBN|0-201-71499-X}}</ref> "WikiWikiWeb" was also the name of the wiki that ran on the software, and in the first years of wikis' existence there was no great distinction made between the contents of wikis and the software they ran on, possibly because almost every wiki ran on its own customized software.
Wiki software originated from older [[version control]] systems used for documentation and software in the 1980s. By the mid-1990s these generally had [[web browser]] interfaces. However, they lacked the ability to easily create links between internal pages without writing [[HTML]] code. For WikiWikiWeb, the [[CamelCase]] naming convention was used to indicate internal links, without requiring HTML code.
By the time [[MediaWiki]] appeared, this convention had been largely abandoned in favor of explicitly marking links in edited [[source code]] with double square brackets. Page names thus did not interrupt the flow of English and could follow the standard English capitalization convention. [[Case sensitivity|Case insensitivity]] on the first letter but not subsequent letters supported standard English capitalization conventions and let writers author their pages in ordinary English, with the linking of particular words and phrases afterward. This proved to be the critical change that allowed ordinary authors of English to write wiki pages, and non-technical users to read them. This policy was extended to other natural languages, avoiding the use of unusual-looking text or awkward capitalization that violates the language's own rules.
Over the next 10 years, many more [[List of wiki software|wiki applications]] were written, in a variety of [[programming language]]s. After 2005, there began to be a move toward increasing consolidation and standardization: many less-popular wiki applications were gradually abandoned, and fewer new applications were created. Relatively few of the wiki engines currently in use were created after 2006.
Some [[content management system]]s, such as [[Microsoft SharePoint]], have also adopted wiki-like functionality.
== Data compatibility ==
In general new wiki engines have not followed the data formats ([[wiki markup]] languages) of the existing engines, making them of limited use for those who have already invested in large [[knowledge base]]s in existing software. As a rule newer wiki projects have not succeeded in attracting large numbers of users from the existing wiki software base.
The most well-known data format arguably is MediaWiki's, and correspondingly has been reimplemented in other wikis:
* [[WordPress]] has extensions to display and edit MediaWiki-format pages, and to frame MediaWiki.
* Jamwiki<ref>{{Cite web|title=JAM wiki - Just Advertising and Marketing|url=http://fr.jamwiki.org/|access-date=2021-05-12|website=JAM wiki|language=en-US}}</ref> is a MediaWiki clone in [[Java (programming language)|Java]], that supports MediaWiki-format pages but not extensions.
* Other commercial projects or clones often (or have in the past) follow the MediaWiki format. [[BlueSpice MediaWiki]] is the only such software with a free version available.
None of these alternatives support the extensions available under standard MediaWiki, some of which extend or alter its data format.
In 2007 a project named (Wiki)[[Creole (markup)|Creole]] to create a standardized markup language for wikis was completed. As of 2022, the effort has had significant technical success, gaining support through implementation in many engines,<ref>{{Cite web|title= Engines|url=http://www.wikicreole.org/wiki/Engines|access-date=2022-05-18|website=WikiCreole |date=14 June 2010 |language=en-US}}</ref> but limited social success as it is still relatively unused and unknown, has few cross-markup conversion tools for migrating existing [[knowledge base]]s to it and no major engines use it as their native markup syntax.
== Types of usage ==
There are essentially three types of usage for wiki software: public-facing wikis with a potentially large community of readers and editors, private [[enterprise wiki]]s for [[data management]] by corporations and other organizations, and [[personal wiki]]s, meant to be used by a single person to manage notes, and usually run on a [[Desktop computer|desktop]]. Some wiki software is specifically geared for one of the usage types, while other software can be used for all three, but contains functionality, either in its core or through plugins, that help with one or more of the usage types.
=== Public wikis ===
Public wikis are usually open to the public to read, edit and comment on some or all of the article space of each wiki. Many offer registration to offer further access and controls to each user and a few have, in-part commercialised aspects or further access, such as the popular wiki farm, [[Wikia|Fandom]].
[[MediaWiki]] is by far the most dominant software as it powers [[Wikipedia]], consistently and by a large margin, the most visited public wiki,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alexa.com/topsites|title=Alexa Top 500 Global Sites |website=Alexa |access-date=11 April 2017|archive-date=2 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302173920/http://www.alexa.com/topsites|url-status=dead}}</ref> it also powers many other public wikis as well.<ref name="wikiindex">{{Cite web |title=Browse data: All |url=http://wikiindex.org/Special:BrowseData/All?_single&Status%5B0%5D=Active&Status%5B1%5D=New&Status%5B2%5D=Vibrant |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725180037/https://wikiindex.org/Special:BrowseData/All?_single&Status%5B0%5D=Active&Status%5B1%5D=New&Status%5B2%5D=Vibrant |archive-date=Jul 25, 2021 |website=WikiIndex}}</ref> Other wiki engines used regularly for public wikis include [[MoinMoin]] and [[PmWiki]], [[List of wiki software|along with many others]].<ref name="wikiindex" />
Other Internet websites, based on wiki software, include [[Encyclopedia|encyclopedias]] such as [[Sensei's Library]], [[Parlia]], and [[WikiTree]].
=== Enterprise wikis ===
[[Enterprise software|Enterprise]] wiki software is software intended to be used in a corporate (or organizational) context,<ref>"[http://www.infoworld.com/d/developer-world/year-enterprise-wiki-305 Year of the enterprise Wiki: Lightweight Web collaboration gets down to business]", Jon Udell, ''[[InfoWorld]]'', December 30, 2004.</ref> especially to enhance internal [[knowledge sharing]]. It tends to have a greater emphasis on features like access control, integration with other software, and [[document management system|document management]]. Most proprietary wiki applications specifically market themselves as enterprise solutions, including [[Socialtext]], [[Jive (software)|Jive]], [[Traction TeamPage]] and [[Notion (productivity software)|Notion]].
Increasingly offerings appear which use the name 'wiki' but do not offer basic elements common to established wikis, like Wiki Markup and Link-first workflow as in [[Confluence (software)|Confluence]] (since 2018),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFCLOUD-67129|title = [CONFCLOUD-67129] Link to an undefined page (A page that doesn't exist yet) |website=Jira Software - Atlassian |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130210831/https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFCLOUD-67129 |archive-date= Nov 30, 2022 }}</ref> or Version Control of [[Full-text search|Full Text Search]] [[Microsoft Teams]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/forums/555103-public/suggestions/33575167-wiki-search|title=Fulltextsearch for Wiki |website=Microsoft Teams UserVoice |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112012012/https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/forums/555103-public/suggestions/18623599-fulltextsearch-for-wiki|archive-date=2020-11-12}}</ref>
In addition, some open source wiki applications also describe themselves as enterprise solutions, including [[XWiki]], [[Foswiki]],<ref>"[http://foswiki.org/ Foswiki - The free enterprise collaboration platform]".</ref> [[TWiki]],<ref>"[http://twiki.org/ TWiki - the Open Source Enterprise Wiki and Web Application Platform]".</ref> and [[BlueSpice MediaWiki|BlueSpice]].<ref>"[https://bluespice.com/ BlueSpice - The Wiki and Knowledge Base Software]".</ref> Some open-source wiki applications, though they do not specifically bill themselves as enterprise solutions, have marketing materials geared for enterprise users, like [[Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tiki.org/Enterprise|title=Enterprise |website=Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware |date=11 August 2022 |access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> and [[MediaWiki]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Enterprise_hub|title=Enterprise hub |website= MediaWiki|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> Many other wiki applications have also been used within enterprises.
Among the many companies and government organizations that use wikis internally are [[Adobe Systems]], [[Amazon.com]], [[Intel]], [[Microsoft]], and the [[Intellipedia|United States intelligence community]].
Within organizations, wikis may either add to or replace centrally managed content management systems. Their decentralized nature allows them, in principle, to disseminate needed information across an organization more rapidly and more cheaply than a centrally controlled knowledge repository. Wikis can also be used for [[document management]], [[project management]], [[customer relationship management]], [[enterprise resource planning]], and many other kinds of data management.
Features of wikis which can serve an enterprise include:
* Entering information into quick and easy-to-create pages, including hyperlinks to other corporate information systems like people directories, [[Content management system|CMS]], applications, and thus to facilitate the buildup of useful knowledge bases.
* Reduces [[e-mail]] overload. Wikis allow all relevant information to be shared by people working on a given project. Conversely, only the wiki users interested in a given project need look at its associated wiki pages, in contrast to high-traffic mailing lists which may burden subscribers with many messages, regardless of their relevance. It is also very useful for the project manager to have all the communication stored in one place, which allows them to link the responsibility for every action taken to a particular team member.
* Organizes information. Wikis help users structure information into discoverable and searchable categories. These may arise from users in a bottom-up way. Users can create lists, tables, timelines and other ways of expressing order.
* Builds consensus. Wikis allow structuring the expression of views, on a topic being considered by authors, on the same page. This feature is very useful when writing documentation, preparing presentations, when author opinions differ, and so on.
* Access levels by rights and roles. Users can be denied access to view and/or edit given pages, depending upon their department or role within the organization.
* Knowledge management with comprehensive searches. This includes document management, project management, and knowledge repositories useful during times of employee turnover or retirement.
=== Personal wikis ===
Software that is specifically designed for running personal wikis includes [[Tomboy (software)|Tomboy]], [[PmWiki]], and [[ConnectedText]] (now discontinued). Other, more general, wiki applications have components geared for individual users, including [[MoinMoin]] (which offers a "DesktopEdition"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://moinmo.in/DesktopEdition|title=DesktopEdition |website= MoinMoin |date=2016-12-01 |access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref>), and [[TiddlyWiki]].
== Editing ==
Most wiki software uses a special syntax, known as [[wiki markup]], for users to format the text, instead of requiring them to enter in [[HTML]]. Some wiki applications also include a [[WYSIWYG]] editor, either instead of or in addition to the wiki markup editing.
Based on the [[atomicity (database systems)|atomic]] property of [[database|database systems]], any edit should be [[tracking and tracing|traced]]. On wiki software, the [[chronology]] of edits (e.g. published by Internet users) in any given article may be [[Import and export of data|locally saved]] with a common [[XML|.xml]] file extension by people having [[superuser|administrator rights]].
== Hosted application ==
There are a variety of [[wiki hosting service]]s, otherwise known as wiki farms, that host users' wikis on a server. Some wiki software is only available in hosted form: [[PBworks]], [[Wetpaint]] and [[Wikispaces]] are all examples of wiki hosting services that run on code that is only available on those sites. Other wiki software is available in both [[Web hosting service|hosted]] and downloadable form, including [[Confluence (software)|Confluence]], [[Socialtext]], [[MediaWiki]] and [[XWiki]].
== Additional features ==
=== Content-management features ===
Wiki software can include features that come with traditional content management systems, such as [[Calendar|calendars]], [[Time management|to-do lists]], [[blog]]s and discussion [[Internet forum|forums]]. All of these can either be stored via versioned wiki pages, or simply be a separate piece of functionality. Software that supports blogs with wiki-style editing and versioning is sometimes known as "bliki" software.
Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware is an example of wiki software that is designed to support such features at its core. Many of the enterprise wiki applications, such as [[TWiki]], [[Confluence (software)|Confluence]] and [[SharePoint]], also support such features, as do open-source applications like [[MediaWiki]] and [[XWiki]], via [[plug-in (computing)|plugins]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://platform.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Features/Applications|title=Applications & Extensions (Features.Applications) |website=XWiki |date=September 23, 2015 |access-date=11 April 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510025733/http://platform.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Features/Applications |archive-date= May 10, 2017 }}</ref>
=== Scripting ===
Some wiki applications let users embed [[Scripting language|scripting]]-style calls into wiki pages, which are processed by the wiki's parser and run either when the page is saved or when it is displayed. [[XWiki]] and [[MediaWiki]] are examples of such applications.<ref>{{citation|citeseerx = 10.1.1.131.2458|title=Lightweight End-User Programming with Wikis| first1 = C. | last1 = Anslow | first2 = D. | last2 = Riehle|year=2007|publisher=SAP Research}}</ref>
Specifically XWiki offers support for the following scripting languages: [[Groovy (programming language)|Groovy]], [[Velocity (JavaScript library)|Velocity]], [[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]], [[Python (programming language)|Python]], [[PHP]] or more generally any [[Scripting for the Java Platform|JSR223]] scripting language.
=== Semantic annotation ===
Wiki software can let users store data via the wiki, in a way that can be exported via the [[Semantic Web]], or queried internally within the wiki. A wiki that allows such annotation is known as a [[semantic wiki]]. The current best-known semantic wiki software is [[Semantic MediaWiki]], a plugin to MediaWiki.
=== Mobile access ===
Some wiki software have special handling for accessing by mobile devices, such as [[mobile phone]]s. This is usually done by displaying conservative [[HTML]] coding.<ref>[http://www.cio.com/article/19955/Socialtext_Optimizes_Wiki_for_Mobile_Users?contentId=19955&slug=& Socialtext Optimizes Wiki for Mobile Users], [[CIO Magazine]], April 5, 2006, retrieved 2008-09-20</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lu |first1=Mat |title=W2: a little iPhone wiki] |url=http://www.tuaw.com/2007/07/15/w2-a-little-iphone-wiki/ |website=[[Weblogs, Inc.#The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW)|TUAW]] |access-date=August 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130205030858/http://www.tuaw.com/2007/07/15/w2-a-little-iphone-wiki/ |archive-date=2013-02-05 |date=July 15, 2007 |url-status=unfit}}</ref>
=== Offline viewing and editing ===
Various approaches to providing wiki functionality when the user is not online have been tried. For users who need to simply read the wiki's content when offline, a copy of the content can often be made easily; in the case of Wikipedia, [[CD-ROM]]s and printed versions have been made of parts of Wikipedia's content.
Allowing offline editing, however (where the changes are synchronized when the user is back online), is a much more difficult process. One approach to doing this is using a [[distributed revision control system]] as a [[Front and back ends|backend]] of the wiki, in [[peer-to-peer]] style. With this approach, there is no central store of the wiki's content; instead, every user keeps a complete copy of the wiki locally, and the software handles merging and propagating of changes when they are made. This is the approach taken by the [[ikiwiki]] engine (which can use the distributed revision control system [[Git (software)|Git]] as its back-end), and [[Code Co-op]] (a distributed revision control system that includes a wiki component).
=== Distributing and decentralizing ===
Wiki software can be [[Peer-to-peer|distributed]].<ref name="DavoustSkaf-Molli2015">{{cite journal|last1=Davoust|first1=Alan|last2=Skaf-Molli|first2=Hala|last3=Molli|first3=Pascal|last4=Esfandiari|first4=Babak|last5=Aslan|first5=Khaled|title=Distributed wikis: a survey|journal=Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience|volume=27|issue=11|year=2015|pages=2751–2777|issn=1532-0626|doi=10.1002/cpe.3439|s2cid=45142475|url=https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01100371/document}}</ref> XWiki is able to function in this way.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://concerto.xwiki.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/WebHome|title=XWiki Concerto Project homepage|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> Smallest Federated Wiki promotes a federation of wiki servers,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fed.wiki.org|title=Welcome Visitors|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref>
There has also been research done on allowing Wikipedia to be run as a [[Decentralized web|decentralized]] wiki.<ref>[http://www.globule.org/publi/DWECWH_webist2007.html A Decentralized Wiki Engine for Collaborative Wikipedia Hosting], Guido Urdaneta, Guillaume Pierre and Maarten van Steen, ''Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technology (''[[Webist]]'')'', March 2007</ref><ref>[http://www.globule.org/publi/WWADH_comnet2009.html Wikipedia Workload Analysis for Decentralized Hosting], Guido Urdaneta, Guillaume Pierre, Maarten van Steen, ''Elsevier Computer Networks'' 53(11), pp. 1830–1845, July 2009</ref>
== See also ==
* [[Collaborative editing]]
* [[Comparison of wiki software]]
* [[Enterprise portal]]
* [[Enterprise social software]]
* [[List of collaborative software]]
* [[List of wiki software]]
== Notes ==
{{reflist|30em}}
== References ==
* Andersen, Espen (2005). [http://www.espen.com/papers/Andersen-2005-corpwikis.pdf Using Wikis in a Corporate Context]. In ''Handbuch E-Learning''. A. Hohenstein and K. Wilbers (eds). Cologne, WoltersKluwer. 5.8: 15.
* Guy, Marieke (2006). [http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue49/guy/ Wiki or Won't He? A Tale of Public Sector Wikis]. Ariadne Issue 49.
* Grzeganek, K.; Frost, I.; Gross, D (2011). [http://www.community-of-knowledge.de/fileadmin/user_upload/attachments/wikis_for_knowledge_management_in_organisations.pdf Spoilt for Choice - Wiki Software for Knowledge Management in Organisations]. Community of Knowledge.
{{Wikis}}
{{Wiki software}}
{{WebManTools}}
[[Category:Wiki software| ]]
[[Category:Web portals]]
[[Category:Information technology management]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '== History ==
{{main|History of wikis}}
The first generally recognized "wiki" application, [[WikiWikiWeb]], was created by American computer programmer [[Ward Cunningham]], and launched on c2.com in 1995.<ref>''The Wiki Way. Quick collaboration on the Web'', Addison-Wesley (April 2001) {{ISBN|0-201-71499-X}}</ref> "WikiWikiWeb" was also the name of the wiki that ran on the software, and in the first years of wikis' existence there was no great distinction made between the contents of wikis and the software they ran on, possibly because almost every wiki ran on its own customized software.
Wiki software originated from older [[version control]] systems used for documentation and software in the 1980s. By the mid-1990s these generally had [[web browser]] interfaces. However, they lacked the ability to easily create links between internal pages without writing [[HTML]] code. For WikiWikiWeb, the [[CamelCase]] naming convention was used to indicate internal links, without requiring HTML code.
By the time [[MediaWiki]] appeared, this convention had been largely abandoned in favor of explicitly marking links in edited [[source code]] with double square brackets. Page names thus did not interrupt the flow of English and could follow the standard English capitalization convention. [[Case sensitivity|Case insensitivity]] on the first letter but not subsequent letters supported standard English capitalization conventions and let writers author their pages in ordinary English, with the linking of particular words and phrases afterward. This proved to be the critical change that allowed ordinary authors of English to write wiki pages, and non-technical users to read them. This policy was extended to other natural languages, avoiding the use of unusual-looking text or awkward capitalization that violates the language's own rules.
Over the next 10 years, many more [[List of wiki software|wiki applications]] were written, in a variety of [[programming language]]s. After 2005, there began to be a move toward increasing consolidation and standardization: many less-popular wiki applications were gradually abandoned, and fewer new applications were created. Relatively few of the wiki engines currently in use were created after 2006.
Some [[content management system]]s, such as [[Microsoft SharePoint]], have also adopted wiki-like functionality.
== Data compatibility ==
In general new wiki engines have not followed the data formats ([[wiki markup]] languages) of the existing engines, making them of limited use for those who have already invested in large [[knowledge base]]s in existing software. As a rule newer wiki projects have not succeeded in attracting large numbers of users from the existing wiki software base.
The most well-known data format arguably is MediaWiki's, and correspondingly has been reimplemented in other wikis:
* [[WordPress]] has extensions to display and edit MediaWiki-format pages, and to frame MediaWiki.
* Jamwiki<ref>{{Cite web|title=JAM wiki - Just Advertising and Marketing|url=http://fr.jamwiki.org/|access-date=2021-05-12|website=JAM wiki|language=en-US}}</ref> is a MediaWiki clone in [[Java (programming language)|Java]], that supports MediaWiki-format pages but not extensions.
* Other commercial projects or clones often (or have in the past) follow the MediaWiki format. [[BlueSpice MediaWiki]] is the only such software with a free version available.
None of these alternatives support the extensions available under standard MediaWiki, some of which extend or alter its data format.
In 2007 a project named (Wiki)[[Creole (markup)|Creole]] to create a standardized markup language for wikis was completed. As of 2022, the effort has had significant technical success, gaining support through implementation in many engines,<ref>{{Cite web|title= Engines|url=http://www.wikicreole.org/wiki/Engines|access-date=2022-05-18|website=WikiCreole |date=14 June 2010 |language=en-US}}</ref> but limited social success as it is still relatively unused and unknown, has few cross-markup conversion tools for migrating existing [[knowledge base]]s to it and no major engines use it as their native markup syntax.
== Types of usage ==
There are essentially three types of usage for wiki software: public-facing wikis with a potentially large community of readers and editors, private [[enterprise wiki]]s for [[data management]] by corporations and other organizations, and [[personal wiki]]s, meant to be used by a single person to manage notes, and usually run on a [[Desktop computer|desktop]]. Some wiki software is specifically geared for one of the usage types, while other software can be used for all three, but contains functionality, either in its core or through plugins, that help with one or more of the usage types.
=== Public wikis ===
Public wikis are usually open to the public to read, edit and comment on some or all of the article space of each wiki. Many offer registration to offer further access and controls to each user and a few have, in-part commercialised aspects or further access, such as the popular wiki farm, [[Wikia|Fandom]].
[[MediaWiki]] is by far the most dominant software as it powers [[Wikipedia]], consistently and by a large margin, the most visited public wiki,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alexa.com/topsites|title=Alexa Top 500 Global Sites |website=Alexa |access-date=11 April 2017|archive-date=2 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302173920/http://www.alexa.com/topsites|url-status=dead}}</ref> it also powers many other public wikis as well.<ref name="wikiindex">{{Cite web |title=Browse data: All |url=http://wikiindex.org/Special:BrowseData/All?_single&Status%5B0%5D=Active&Status%5B1%5D=New&Status%5B2%5D=Vibrant |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725180037/https://wikiindex.org/Special:BrowseData/All?_single&Status%5B0%5D=Active&Status%5B1%5D=New&Status%5B2%5D=Vibrant |archive-date=Jul 25, 2021 |website=WikiIndex}}</ref> Other wiki engines used regularly for public wikis include [[MoinMoin]] and [[PmWiki]], [[List of wiki software|along with many others]].<ref name="wikiindex" />
Other Internet websites, based on wiki software, include [[Encyclopedia|encyclopedias]] such as [[Sensei's Library]], [[Parlia]], and [[WikiTree]].
=== Enterprise wikis ===
[[Enterprise software|Enterprise]] wiki software is software intended to be used in a corporate (or organizational) context,<ref>"[http://www.infoworld.com/d/developer-world/year-enterprise-wiki-305 Year of the enterprise Wiki: Lightweight Web collaboration gets down to business]", Jon Udell, ''[[InfoWorld]]'', December 30, 2004.</ref> especially to enhance internal [[knowledge sharing]]. It tends to have a greater emphasis on features like access control, integration with other software, and [[document management system|document management]]. Most proprietary wiki applications specifically market themselves as enterprise solutions, including [[Socialtext]], [[Jive (software)|Jive]], [[Traction TeamPage]] and [[Notion (productivity software)|Notion]].
Increasingly offerings appear which use the name 'wiki' but do not offer basic elements common to established wikis, like Wiki Markup and Link-first workflow as in [[Confluence (software)|Confluence]] (since 2018),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFCLOUD-67129|title = [CONFCLOUD-67129] Link to an undefined page (A page that doesn't exist yet) |website=Jira Software - Atlassian |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130210831/https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFCLOUD-67129 |archive-date= Nov 30, 2022 }}</ref> or Version Control of [[Full-text search|Full Text Search]] [[Microsoft Teams]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/forums/555103-public/suggestions/33575167-wiki-search|title=Fulltextsearch for Wiki |website=Microsoft Teams UserVoice |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112012012/https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/forums/555103-public/suggestions/18623599-fulltextsearch-for-wiki|archive-date=2020-11-12}}</ref>
In addition, some open source wiki applications also describe themselves as enterprise solutions, including [[XWiki]], [[Foswiki]],<ref>"[http://foswiki.org/ Foswiki - The free enterprise collaboration platform]".</ref> [[TWiki]],<ref>"[http://twiki.org/ TWiki - the Open Source Enterprise Wiki and Web Application Platform]".</ref> and [[BlueSpice MediaWiki|BlueSpice]].<ref>"[https://bluespice.com/ BlueSpice - The Wiki and Knowledge Base Software]".</ref> Some open-source wiki applications, though they do not specifically bill themselves as enterprise solutions, have marketing materials geared for enterprise users, like [[Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tiki.org/Enterprise|title=Enterprise |website=Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware |date=11 August 2022 |access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> and [[MediaWiki]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Enterprise_hub|title=Enterprise hub |website= MediaWiki|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> Many other wiki applications have also been used within enterprises.
Among the many companies and government organizations that use wikis internally are [[Adobe Systems]], [[Amazon.com]], [[Intel]], [[Microsoft]], and the [[Intellipedia|United States intelligence community]].
Within organizations, wikis may either add to or replace centrally managed content management systems. Their decentralized nature allows them, in principle, to disseminate needed information across an organization more rapidly and more cheaply than a centrally controlled knowledge repository. Wikis can also be used for [[document management]], [[project management]], [[customer relationship management]], [[enterprise resource planning]], and many other kinds of data management.
Features of wikis which can serve an enterprise include:
* Entering information into quick and easy-to-create pages, including hyperlinks to other corporate information systems like people directories, [[Content management system|CMS]], applications, and thus to facilitate the buildup of useful knowledge bases.
* Reduces [[e-mail]] overload. Wikis allow all relevant information to be shared by people working on a given project. Conversely, only the wiki users interested in a given project need look at its associated wiki pages, in contrast to high-traffic mailing lists which may burden subscribers with many messages, regardless of their relevance. It is also very useful for the project manager to have all the communication stored in one place, which allows them to link the responsibility for every action taken to a particular team member.
* Organizes information. Wikis help users structure information into discoverable and searchable categories. These may arise from users in a bottom-up way. Users can create lists, tables, timelines and other ways of expressing order.
* Builds consensus. Wikis allow structuring the expression of views, on a topic being considered by authors, on the same page. This feature is very useful when writing documentation, preparing presentations, when author opinions differ, and so on.
* Access levels by rights and roles. Users can be denied access to view and/or edit given pages, depending upon their department or role within the organization.
* Knowledge management with comprehensive searches. This includes document management, project management, and knowledge repositories useful during times of employee turnover or retirement.
=== Personal wikis ===
Software that is specifically designed for running personal wikis includes [[Tomboy (software)|Tomboy]], [[PmWiki]], and [[ConnectedText]] (now discontinued). Other, more general, wiki applications have components geared for individual users, including [[MoinMoin]] (which offers a "DesktopEdition"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://moinmo.in/DesktopEdition|title=DesktopEdition |website= MoinMoin |date=2016-12-01 |access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref>), and [[TiddlyWiki]].
== Editing ==
Most wiki software uses a special syntax, known as [[wiki markup]], for users to format the text, instead of requiring them to enter in [[HTML]]. Some wiki applications also include a [[WYSIWYG]] editor, either instead of or in addition to the wiki markup editing.
Based on the [[atomicity (database systems)|atomic]] property of [[database|database systems]], any edit should be [[tracking and tracing|traced]]. On wiki software, the [[chronology]] of edits (e.g. published by Internet users) in any given article may be [[Import and export of data|locally saved]] with a common [[XML|.xml]] file extension by people having [[superuser|administrator rights]].
== Hosted application ==
There are a variety of [[wiki hosting service]]s, otherwise known as wiki farms, that host users' wikis on a server. Some wiki software is only available in hosted form: [[PBworks]], [[Wetpaint]] and [[Wikispaces]] are all examples of wiki hosting services that run on code that is only available on those sites. Other wiki software is available in both [[Web hosting service|hosted]] and downloadable form, including [[Confluence (software)|Confluence]], [[Socialtext]], [[MediaWiki]] and [[XWiki]].
== Additional features ==
=== Content-management features ===
Wiki software can include features that come with traditional content management systems, such as [[Calendar|calendars]], [[Time management|to-do lists]], [[blog]]s and discussion [[Internet forum|forums]]. All of these can either be stored via versioned wiki pages, or simply be a separate piece of functionality. Software that supports blogs with wiki-style editing and versioning is sometimes known as "bliki" software.
Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware is an example of wiki software that is designed to support such features at its core. Many of the enterprise wiki applications, such as [[TWiki]], [[Confluence (software)|Confluence]] and [[SharePoint]], also support such features, as do open-source applications like [[MediaWiki]] and [[XWiki]], via [[plug-in (computing)|plugins]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://platform.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Features/Applications|title=Applications & Extensions (Features.Applications) |website=XWiki |date=September 23, 2015 |access-date=11 April 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510025733/http://platform.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Features/Applications |archive-date= May 10, 2017 }}</ref>
=== Scripting ===
Some wiki applications let users embed [[Scripting language|scripting]]-style calls into wiki pages, which are processed by the wiki's parser and run either when the page is saved or when it is displayed. [[XWiki]] and [[MediaWiki]] are examples of such applications.<ref>{{citation|citeseerx = 10.1.1.131.2458|title=Lightweight End-User Programming with Wikis| first1 = C. | last1 = Anslow | first2 = D. | last2 = Riehle|year=2007|publisher=SAP Research}}</ref>
Specifically XWiki offers support for the following scripting languages: [[Groovy (programming language)|Groovy]], [[Velocity (JavaScript library)|Velocity]], [[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]], [[Python (programming language)|Python]], [[PHP]] or more generally any [[Scripting for the Java Platform|JSR223]] scripting language.
=== Semantic annotation ===
Wiki software can let users store data via the wiki, in a way that can be exported via the [[Semantic Web]], or queried internally within the wiki. A wiki that allows such annotation is known as a [[semantic wiki]]. The current best-known semantic wiki software is [[Semantic MediaWiki]], a plugin to MediaWiki.
=== Mobile access ===
Some wiki software have special handling for accessing by mobile devices, such as [[mobile phone]]s. This is usually done by displaying conservative [[HTML]] coding.<ref>[http://www.cio.com/article/19955/Socialtext_Optimizes_Wiki_for_Mobile_Users?contentId=19955&slug=& Socialtext Optimizes Wiki for Mobile Users], [[CIO Magazine]], April 5, 2006, retrieved 2008-09-20</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lu |first1=Mat |title=W2: a little iPhone wiki] |url=http://www.tuaw.com/2007/07/15/w2-a-little-iphone-wiki/ |website=[[Weblogs, Inc.#The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW)|TUAW]] |access-date=August 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130205030858/http://www.tuaw.com/2007/07/15/w2-a-little-iphone-wiki/ |archive-date=2013-02-05 |date=July 15, 2007 |url-status=unfit}}</ref>
=== Offline viewing and editing ===
Various approaches to providing wiki functionality when the user is not online have been tried. For users who need to simply read the wiki's content when offline, a copy of the content can often be made easily; in the case of Wikipedia, [[CD-ROM]]s and printed versions have been made of parts of Wikipedia's content.
Allowing offline editing, however (where the changes are synchronized when the user is back online), is a much more difficult process. One approach to doing this is using a [[distributed revision control system]] as a [[Front and back ends|backend]] of the wiki, in [[peer-to-peer]] style. With this approach, there is no central store of the wiki's content; instead, every user keeps a complete copy of the wiki locally, and the software handles merging and propagating of changes when they are made. This is the approach taken by the [[ikiwiki]] engine (which can use the distributed revision control system [[Git (software)|Git]] as its back-end), and [[Code Co-op]] (a distributed revision control system that includes a wiki component).
=== Distributing and decentralizing ===
Wiki software can be [[Peer-to-peer|distributed]].<ref name="DavoustSkaf-Molli2015">{{cite journal|last1=Davoust|first1=Alan|last2=Skaf-Molli|first2=Hala|last3=Molli|first3=Pascal|last4=Esfandiari|first4=Babak|last5=Aslan|first5=Khaled|title=Distributed wikis: a survey|journal=Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience|volume=27|issue=11|year=2015|pages=2751–2777|issn=1532-0626|doi=10.1002/cpe.3439|s2cid=45142475|url=https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01100371/document}}</ref> XWiki is able to function in this way.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://concerto.xwiki.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/WebHome|title=XWiki Concerto Project homepage|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> Smallest Federated Wiki promotes a federation of wiki servers,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fed.wiki.org|title=Welcome Visitors|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref>
There has also been research done on allowing Wikipedia to be run as a [[Decentralized web|decentralized]] wiki.<ref>[http://www.globule.org/publi/DWECWH_webist2007.html A Decentralized Wiki Engine for Collaborative Wikipedia Hosting], Guido Urdaneta, Guillaume Pierre and Maarten van Steen, ''Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technology (''[[Webist]]'')'', March 2007</ref><ref>[http://www.globule.org/publi/WWADH_comnet2009.html Wikipedia Workload Analysis for Decentralized Hosting], Guido Urdaneta, Guillaume Pierre, Maarten van Steen, ''Elsevier Computer Networks'' 53(11), pp. 1830–1845, July 2009</ref>
== See also ==
* [[Collaborative editing]]
* [[Comparison of wiki software]]
* [[Enterprise portal]]
* [[Enterprise social software]]
* [[List of collaborative software]]
* [[List of wiki software]]
== Notes ==
{{reflist|30em}}
== References ==
* Andersen, Espen (2005). [http://www.espen.com/papers/Andersen-2005-corpwikis.pdf Using Wikis in a Corporate Context]. In ''Handbuch E-Learning''. A. Hohenstein and K. Wilbers (eds). Cologne, WoltersKluwer. 5.8: 15.
* Guy, Marieke (2006). [http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue49/guy/ Wiki or Won't He? A Tale of Public Sector Wikis]. Ariadne Issue 49.
* Grzeganek, K.; Frost, I.; Gross, D (2011). [http://www.community-of-knowledge.de/fileadmin/user_upload/attachments/wikis_for_knowledge_management_in_organisations.pdf Spoilt for Choice - Wiki Software for Knowledge Management in Organisations]. Community of Knowledge.
{{Wikis}}
{{Wiki software}}
{{WebManTools}}
[[Category:Wiki software| ]]
[[Category:Web portals]]
[[Category:Information technology management]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -1,9 +1,2 @@
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-{{More citations needed|date=April 2023}}
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Data_compatibility"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Data compatibility</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Types_of_usage"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Types of usage</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Public_wikis"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Public wikis</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Enterprise_wikis"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Enterprise wikis</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Personal_wikis"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Personal wikis</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Editing"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Editing</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Hosted_application"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Hosted application</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Additional_features"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Additional features</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Content-management_features"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Content-management features</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Scripting"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Scripting</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Semantic_annotation"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span class="toctext">Semantic annotation</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Mobile_access"><span class="tocnumber">6.4</span> <span class="toctext">Mobile access</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Offline_viewing_and_editing"><span class="tocnumber">6.5</span> <span class="toctext">Offline viewing and editing</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Distributing_and_decentralizing"><span class="tocnumber">6.6</span> <span class="toctext">Distributing and decentralizing</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection">
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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/History_of_wikis" title="History of wikis">History of wikis</a></div>
<p>The first generally recognized "wiki" application, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WikiWikiWeb" title="WikiWikiWeb">WikiWikiWeb</a>, was created by American computer programmer <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ward_Cunningham" title="Ward Cunningham">Ward Cunningham</a>, and launched on c2.com in 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "WikiWikiWeb" was also the name of the wiki that ran on the software, and in the first years of wikis' existence there was no great distinction made between the contents of wikis and the software they ran on, possibly because almost every wiki ran on its own customized software.
</p><p>Wiki software originated from older <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Version_control" title="Version control">version control</a> systems used for documentation and software in the 1980s. By the mid-1990s these generally had <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</a> interfaces. However, they lacked the ability to easily create links between internal pages without writing <a href="/enwiki/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> code. For WikiWikiWeb, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/CamelCase" class="mw-redirect" title="CamelCase">CamelCase</a> naming convention was used to indicate internal links, without requiring HTML code.
</p><p>By the time <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> appeared, this convention had been largely abandoned in favor of explicitly marking links in edited <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> with double square brackets. Page names thus did not interrupt the flow of English and could follow the standard English capitalization convention. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Case_sensitivity" title="Case sensitivity">Case insensitivity</a> on the first letter but not subsequent letters supported standard English capitalization conventions and let writers author their pages in ordinary English, with the linking of particular words and phrases afterward. This proved to be the critical change that allowed ordinary authors of English to write wiki pages, and non-technical users to read them. This policy was extended to other natural languages, avoiding the use of unusual-looking text or awkward capitalization that violates the language's own rules.
</p><p>Over the next 10 years, many more <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_wiki_software" title="List of wiki software">wiki applications</a> were written, in a variety of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming languages</a>. After 2005, there began to be a move toward increasing consolidation and standardization: many less-popular wiki applications were gradually abandoned, and fewer new applications were created. Relatively few of the wiki engines currently in use were created after 2006.
</p><p>Some <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Content_management_system" title="Content management system">content management systems</a>, such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Microsoft_SharePoint" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft SharePoint">Microsoft SharePoint</a>, have also adopted wiki-like functionality.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Data_compatibility">Data compatibility</h2><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>In general new wiki engines have not followed the data formats (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki markup">wiki markup</a> languages) of the existing engines, making them of limited use for those who have already invested in large <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Knowledge_base" title="Knowledge base">knowledge bases</a> in existing software. As a rule newer wiki projects have not succeeded in attracting large numbers of users from the existing wiki software base.
</p><p>The most well-known data format arguably is MediaWiki's, and correspondingly has been reimplemented in other wikis:
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/WordPress" title="WordPress">WordPress</a> has extensions to display and edit MediaWiki-format pages, and to frame MediaWiki.</li>
<li>Jamwiki<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a MediaWiki clone in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a>, that supports MediaWiki-format pages but not extensions.</li>
<li>Other commercial projects or clones often (or have in the past) follow the MediaWiki format. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/BlueSpice_MediaWiki" class="mw-redirect" title="BlueSpice MediaWiki">BlueSpice MediaWiki</a> is the only such software with a free version available.</li></ul>
<p>None of these alternatives support the extensions available under standard MediaWiki, some of which extend or alter its data format.
</p><p>In 2007 a project named (Wiki)<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creole_(markup)" title="Creole (markup)">Creole</a> to create a standardized markup language for wikis was completed. As of 2022, the effort has had significant technical success, gaining support through implementation in many engines,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but limited social success as it is still relatively unused and unknown, has few cross-markup conversion tools for migrating existing <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Knowledge_base" title="Knowledge base">knowledge bases</a> to it and no major engines use it as their native markup syntax.
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<p>There are essentially three types of usage for wiki software: public-facing wikis with a potentially large community of readers and editors, private <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Enterprise_wiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Enterprise wiki">enterprise wikis</a> for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Data_management" title="Data management">data management</a> by corporations and other organizations, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Personal_wiki" title="Personal wiki">personal wikis</a>, meant to be used by a single person to manage notes, and usually run on a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">desktop</a>. Some wiki software is specifically geared for one of the usage types, while other software can be used for all three, but contains functionality, either in its core or through plugins, that help with one or more of the usage types.
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<p>Public wikis are usually open to the public to read, edit and comment on some or all of the article space of each wiki. Many offer registration to offer further access and controls to each user and a few have, in-part commercialised aspects or further access, such as the popular wiki farm, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikia">Fandom</a>.
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> is by far the most dominant software as it powers <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>, consistently and by a large margin, the most visited public wiki,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it also powers many other public wikis as well.<sup id="cite_ref-wikiindex_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikiindex-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other wiki engines used regularly for public wikis include <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MoinMoin" title="MoinMoin">MoinMoin</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PmWiki" title="PmWiki">PmWiki</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_wiki_software" title="List of wiki software">along with many others</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wikiindex_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikiindex-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Other Internet websites, based on wiki software, include <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Encyclopedia" title="Encyclopedia">encyclopedias</a> such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sensei%27s_Library" title="Sensei's Library">Sensei's Library</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parlia" title="Parlia">Parlia</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WikiTree" title="WikiTree">WikiTree</a>.
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<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Enterprise_software" title="Enterprise software">Enterprise</a> wiki software is software intended to be used in a corporate (or organizational) context,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> especially to enhance internal <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Knowledge_sharing" title="Knowledge sharing">knowledge sharing</a>. It tends to have a greater emphasis on features like access control, integration with other software, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Document_management_system" title="Document management system">document management</a>. Most proprietary wiki applications specifically market themselves as enterprise solutions, including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Socialtext" title="Socialtext">Socialtext</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jive_(software)" title="Jive (software)">Jive</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Traction_TeamPage" title="Traction TeamPage">Traction TeamPage</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Notion_(productivity_software)" title="Notion (productivity software)">Notion</a>.
</p><p>Increasingly offerings appear which use the name 'wiki' but do not offer basic elements common to established wikis, like Wiki Markup and Link-first workflow as in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Confluence_(software)" title="Confluence (software)">Confluence</a> (since 2018),<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Version Control of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Full-text_search" title="Full-text search">Full Text Search</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Microsoft_Teams" title="Microsoft Teams">Microsoft Teams</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In addition, some open source wiki applications also describe themselves as enterprise solutions, including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/XWiki" title="XWiki">XWiki</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Foswiki" title="Foswiki">Foswiki</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/TWiki" title="TWiki">TWiki</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/BlueSpice_MediaWiki" class="mw-redirect" title="BlueSpice MediaWiki">BlueSpice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some open-source wiki applications, though they do not specifically bill themselves as enterprise solutions, have marketing materials geared for enterprise users, like <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tiki_Wiki_CMS_Groupware" title="Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware">Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many other wiki applications have also been used within enterprises.
</p><p>Among the many companies and government organizations that use wikis internally are <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amazon.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon.com">Amazon.com</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Intellipedia" title="Intellipedia">United States intelligence community</a>.
</p><p>Within organizations, wikis may either add to or replace centrally managed content management systems. Their decentralized nature allows them, in principle, to disseminate needed information across an organization more rapidly and more cheaply than a centrally controlled knowledge repository. Wikis can also be used for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Document_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Document management">document management</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Project_management" title="Project management">project management</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Customer_relationship_management" title="Customer relationship management">customer relationship management</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Enterprise_resource_planning" title="Enterprise resource planning">enterprise resource planning</a>, and many other kinds of data management.
</p><p>Features of wikis which can serve an enterprise include:
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<ul><li>Entering information into quick and easy-to-create pages, including hyperlinks to other corporate information systems like people directories, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Content_management_system" title="Content management system">CMS</a>, applications, and thus to facilitate the buildup of useful knowledge bases.</li>
<li>Reduces <a href="/enwiki/wiki/E-mail" class="mw-redirect" title="E-mail">e-mail</a> overload. Wikis allow all relevant information to be shared by people working on a given project. Conversely, only the wiki users interested in a given project need look at its associated wiki pages, in contrast to high-traffic mailing lists which may burden subscribers with many messages, regardless of their relevance. It is also very useful for the project manager to have all the communication stored in one place, which allows them to link the responsibility for every action taken to a particular team member.</li>
<li>Organizes information. Wikis help users structure information into discoverable and searchable categories. These may arise from users in a bottom-up way. Users can create lists, tables, timelines and other ways of expressing order.</li>
<li>Builds consensus. Wikis allow structuring the expression of views, on a topic being considered by authors, on the same page. This feature is very useful when writing documentation, preparing presentations, when author opinions differ, and so on.</li>
<li>Access levels by rights and roles. Users can be denied access to view and/or edit given pages, depending upon their department or role within the organization.</li>
<li>Knowledge management with comprehensive searches. This includes document management, project management, and knowledge repositories useful during times of employee turnover or retirement.</li></ul>
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<p>Software that is specifically designed for running personal wikis includes <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tomboy_(software)" title="Tomboy (software)">Tomboy</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PmWiki" title="PmWiki">PmWiki</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ConnectedText" title="ConnectedText">ConnectedText</a> (now discontinued). Other, more general, wiki applications have components geared for individual users, including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MoinMoin" title="MoinMoin">MoinMoin</a> (which offers a "DesktopEdition"<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/TiddlyWiki" title="TiddlyWiki">TiddlyWiki</a>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editing">Editing</h2><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>Most wiki software uses a special syntax, known as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki markup">wiki markup</a>, for users to format the text, instead of requiring them to enter in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a>. Some wiki applications also include a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WYSIWYG" title="WYSIWYG">WYSIWYG</a> editor, either instead of or in addition to the wiki markup editing.
</p><p>Based on the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Atomicity_(database_systems)" title="Atomicity (database systems)">atomic</a> property of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Database" title="Database">database systems</a>, any edit should be <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tracking_and_tracing" class="mw-redirect" title="Tracking and tracing">traced</a>. On wiki software, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chronology" title="Chronology">chronology</a> of edits (e.g. published by Internet users) in any given article may be <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Import_and_export_of_data" title="Import and export of data">locally saved</a> with a common <a href="/enwiki/wiki/XML" title="XML">.xml</a> file extension by people having <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Superuser" title="Superuser">administrator rights</a>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hosted_application">Hosted application</h2><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>There are a variety of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiki_hosting_service" title="Wiki hosting service">wiki hosting services</a>, otherwise known as wiki farms, that host users' wikis on a server. Some wiki software is only available in hosted form: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PBworks" title="PBworks">PBworks</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wetpaint" title="Wetpaint">Wetpaint</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikispaces" title="Wikispaces">Wikispaces</a> are all examples of wiki hosting services that run on code that is only available on those sites. Other wiki software is available in both <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_hosting_service" title="Web hosting service">hosted</a> and downloadable form, including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Confluence_(software)" title="Confluence (software)">Confluence</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Socialtext" title="Socialtext">Socialtext</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/XWiki" title="XWiki">XWiki</a>.
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<p>Wiki software can include features that come with traditional content management systems, such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">calendars</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Time_management" title="Time management">to-do lists</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">blogs</a> and discussion <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Internet_forum" title="Internet forum">forums</a>. All of these can either be stored via versioned wiki pages, or simply be a separate piece of functionality. Software that supports blogs with wiki-style editing and versioning is sometimes known as "bliki" software.
</p><p>Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware is an example of wiki software that is designed to support such features at its core. Many of the enterprise wiki applications, such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/TWiki" title="TWiki">TWiki</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Confluence_(software)" title="Confluence (software)">Confluence</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/SharePoint" title="SharePoint">SharePoint</a>, also support such features, as do open-source applications like <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/XWiki" title="XWiki">XWiki</a>, via <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">plugins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scripting">Scripting</h3><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>Some wiki applications let users embed <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scripting_language" title="Scripting language">scripting</a>-style calls into wiki pages, which are processed by the wiki's parser and run either when the page is saved or when it is displayed. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/XWiki" title="XWiki">XWiki</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> are examples of such applications.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Specifically XWiki offers support for the following scripting languages: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Groovy_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Groovy (programming language)">Groovy</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Velocity_(JavaScript_library)" title="Velocity (JavaScript library)">Velocity</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> or more generally any <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scripting_for_the_Java_Platform" title="Scripting for the Java Platform">JSR223</a> scripting language.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Semantic_annotation">Semantic annotation</h3><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>Wiki software can let users store data via the wiki, in a way that can be exported via the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Semantic_Web" title="Semantic Web">Semantic Web</a>, or queried internally within the wiki. A wiki that allows such annotation is known as a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Semantic_wiki" title="Semantic wiki">semantic wiki</a>. The current best-known semantic wiki software is <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Semantic_MediaWiki" title="Semantic MediaWiki">Semantic MediaWiki</a>, a plugin to MediaWiki.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mobile_access">Mobile access</h3><span class="mw-editsection">
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href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Wiki_software&action=edit&section=13"title="Edit section: Mobile access"
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<p>Some wiki software have special handling for accessing by mobile devices, such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">mobile phones</a>. This is usually done by displaying conservative <a href="/enwiki/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> coding.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Offline_viewing_and_editing">Offline viewing and editing</h3><span class="mw-editsection">
<a role="button"
href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Wiki_software&action=edit&section=14"title="Edit section: Offline viewing and editing"
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<p>Various approaches to providing wiki functionality when the user is not online have been tried. For users who need to simply read the wiki's content when offline, a copy of the content can often be made easily; in the case of Wikipedia, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROMs</a> and printed versions have been made of parts of Wikipedia's content.
</p><p>Allowing offline editing, however (where the changes are synchronized when the user is back online), is a much more difficult process. One approach to doing this is using a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Distributed_revision_control_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Distributed revision control system">distributed revision control system</a> as a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Front_and_back_ends" class="mw-redirect" title="Front and back ends">backend</a> of the wiki, in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">peer-to-peer</a> style. With this approach, there is no central store of the wiki's content; instead, every user keeps a complete copy of the wiki locally, and the software handles merging and propagating of changes when they are made. This is the approach taken by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ikiwiki" title="Ikiwiki">ikiwiki</a> engine (which can use the distributed revision control system <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Git_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Git (software)">Git</a> as its back-end), and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Code_Co-op" title="Code Co-op">Code Co-op</a> (a distributed revision control system that includes a wiki component).
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distributing_and_decentralizing">Distributing and decentralizing</h3><span class="mw-editsection">
<a role="button"
href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Wiki_software&action=edit&section=15"title="Edit section: Distributing and decentralizing"
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<p>Wiki software can be <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">distributed</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DavoustSkaf-Molli2015_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DavoustSkaf-Molli2015-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> XWiki is able to function in this way.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smallest Federated Wiki promotes a federation of wiki servers,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>There has also been research done on allowing Wikipedia to be run as a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Decentralized_web" title="Decentralized web">decentralized</a> wiki.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection">
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Collaborative_editing" title="Collaborative editing">Collaborative editing</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Comparison_of_wiki_software" title="Comparison of wiki software">Comparison of wiki software</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Enterprise_portal" title="Enterprise portal">Enterprise portal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Enterprise_social_software" title="Enterprise social software">Enterprise social software</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_collaborative_software" title="List of collaborative software">List of collaborative software</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_wiki_software" title="List of wiki software">List of wiki software</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection">
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href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Wiki_software&action=edit&section=17"title="Edit section: Notes"
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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Wiki Way. Quick collaboration on the Web</i>, Addison-Wesley (April 2001) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-201-71499-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-201-71499-X">0-201-71499-X</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fr.jamwiki.org/">"JAM wiki - Just Advertising and Marketing"</a>. <i>JAM wiki</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=JAM+wiki&rft.atitle=JAM+wiki+-+Just+Advertising+and+Marketing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffr.jamwiki.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikicreole.org/wiki/Engines">"Engines"</a>. <i>WikiCreole</i>. 14 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WikiCreole&rft.atitle=Engines&rft.date=2010-06-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikicreole.org%2Fwiki%2FEngines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150302173920/http://www.alexa.com/topsites">"Alexa Top 500 Global Sites"</a>. <i>Alexa</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alexa.com/topsites">the original</a> on 2 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alexa&rft.atitle=Alexa+Top+500+Global+Sites&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alexa.com%2Ftopsites&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-wikiindex-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wikiindex_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikiindex_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210725180037/https://wikiindex.org/Special:BrowseData/All?_single&Status%5B0%5D=Active&Status%5B1%5D=New&Status%5B2%5D=Vibrant">"Browse data: All"</a>. <i>WikiIndex</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wikiindex.org/Special:BrowseData/All?_single&Status%5B0%5D=Active&Status%5B1%5D=New&Status%5B2%5D=Vibrant">the original</a> on Jul 25, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WikiIndex&rft.atitle=Browse+data%3A+All&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwikiindex.org%2FSpecial%3ABrowseData%2FAll%3F_single%26Status%255B0%255D%3DActive%26Status%255B1%255D%3DNew%26Status%255B2%255D%3DVibrant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infoworld.com/d/developer-world/year-enterprise-wiki-305">Year of the enterprise Wiki: Lightweight Web collaboration gets down to business</a>", Jon Udell, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/InfoWorld" title="InfoWorld">InfoWorld</a></i>, December 30, 2004.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221130210831/https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFCLOUD-67129">"[CONFCLOUD-67129] Link to an undefined page (A page that doesn't exist yet)"</a>. <i>Jira Software - Atlassian</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFCLOUD-67129">the original</a> on Nov 30, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jira+Software+-+Atlassian&rft.atitle=%26%2391%3BCONFCLOUD-67129%26%2393%3B+Link+to+an+undefined+page+%28A+page+that+doesn%27t+exist+yet%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjira.atlassian.com%2Fbrowse%2FCONFCLOUD-67129&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112012012/https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/forums/555103-public/suggestions/18623599-fulltextsearch-for-wiki">"Fulltextsearch for Wiki"</a>. <i>Microsoft Teams UserVoice</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://microsoftteams.uservoice.com/forums/555103-public/suggestions/33575167-wiki-search">the original</a> on 2020-11-12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Microsoft+Teams+UserVoice&rft.atitle=Fulltextsearch+for+Wiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmicrosoftteams.uservoice.com%2Fforums%2F555103-public%2Fsuggestions%2F33575167-wiki-search&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://foswiki.org/">Foswiki - The free enterprise collaboration platform</a>".</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://twiki.org/">TWiki - the Open Source Enterprise Wiki and Web Application Platform</a>".</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bluespice.com/">BlueSpice - The Wiki and Knowledge Base Software</a>".</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tiki.org/Enterprise">"Enterprise"</a>. <i>Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware</i>. 11 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tiki+Wiki+CMS+Groupware&rft.atitle=Enterprise&rft.date=2022-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftiki.org%2FEnterprise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Enterprise_hub">"Enterprise hub"</a>. <i>MediaWiki</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MediaWiki&rft.atitle=Enterprise+hub&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediawiki.org%2Fwiki%2FEnterprise_hub&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://moinmo.in/DesktopEdition">"DesktopEdition"</a>. <i>MoinMoin</i>. 2016-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MoinMoin&rft.atitle=DesktopEdition&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmoinmo.in%2FDesktopEdition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170510025733/http://platform.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Features/Applications">"Applications & Extensions (Features.Applications)"</a>. <i>XWiki</i>. September 23, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://platform.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Features/Applications">the original</a> on May 10, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=XWiki&rft.atitle=Applications+%26+Extensions+%28Features.Applications%29&rft.date=2015-09-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplatform.xwiki.org%2Fxwiki%2Fbin%2Fview%2FFeatures%2FApplications&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnslowRiehle2007" class="citation cs2">Anslow, C.; Riehle, D. (2007), <i>Lightweight End-User Programming with Wikis</i>, SAP Research, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.131.2458">10.1.1.131.2458</a></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lightweight+End-User+Programming+with+Wikis&rft.pub=SAP+Research&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.131.2458%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft.aulast=Anslow&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.au=Riehle%2C+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cio.com/article/19955/Socialtext_Optimizes_Wiki_for_Mobile_Users?contentId=19955&slug=&">Socialtext Optimizes Wiki for Mobile Users</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/CIO_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="CIO Magazine">CIO Magazine</a>, April 5, 2006, retrieved 2008-09-20</span>
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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLu2007" class="citation web cs1">Lu, Mat (July 15, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130205030858/http://www.tuaw.com/2007/07/15/w2-a-little-iphone-wiki/">"W2: a little iPhone wiki]"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Weblogs,_Inc.#The_Unofficial_Apple_Weblog_(TUAW)" title="Weblogs, Inc.">TUAW</a></i>. Archived from the original on 2013-02-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TUAW&rft.atitle=W2%3A+a+little+iPhone+wiki%5D&rft.date=2007-07-15&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Mat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tuaw.com%2F2007%2F07%2F15%2Fw2-a-little-iphone-wiki%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-DavoustSkaf-Molli2015-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DavoustSkaf-Molli2015_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavoustSkaf-MolliMolliEsfandiari2015" class="citation journal cs1">Davoust, Alan; Skaf-Molli, Hala; Molli, Pascal; Esfandiari, Babak; Aslan, Khaled (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01100371/document">"Distributed wikis: a survey"</a>. <i>Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience</i>. <b>27</b> (11): 2751–2777. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcpe.3439">10.1002/cpe.3439</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1532-0626">1532-0626</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:45142475">45142475</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Concurrency+and+Computation%3A+Practice+and+Experience&rft.atitle=Distributed+wikis%3A+a+survey&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=2751-2777&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A45142475%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1532-0626&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fcpe.3439&rft.aulast=Davoust&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.au=Skaf-Molli%2C+Hala&rft.au=Molli%2C+Pascal&rft.au=Esfandiari%2C+Babak&rft.au=Aslan%2C+Khaled&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhal.inria.fr%2Fhal-01100371%2Fdocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://concerto.xwiki.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/WebHome">"XWiki Concerto Project homepage"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=XWiki+Concerto+Project+homepage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fconcerto.xwiki.com%2Fxwiki%2Fbin%2Fview%2FMain%2FWebHome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fed.wiki.org">"Welcome Visitors"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome+Visitors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffed.wiki.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiki+software" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globule.org/publi/DWECWH_webist2007.html">A Decentralized Wiki Engine for Collaborative Wikipedia Hosting</a>, Guido Urdaneta, Guillaume Pierre and Maarten van Steen, <i>Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technology (</i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Webist" title="Webist">Webist</a><i>)</i>, March 2007</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globule.org/publi/WWADH_comnet2009.html">Wikipedia Workload Analysis for Decentralized Hosting</a>, Guido Urdaneta, Guillaume Pierre, Maarten van Steen, <i>Elsevier Computer Networks</i> 53(11), pp. 1830–1845, July 2009</span>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection">
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<ul><li>Andersen, Espen (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espen.com/papers/Andersen-2005-corpwikis.pdf">Using Wikis in a Corporate Context</a>. In <i>Handbuch E-Learning</i>. A. Hohenstein and K. Wilbers (eds). Cologne, WoltersKluwer. 5.8: 15.</li>
<li>Guy, Marieke (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue49/guy/">Wiki or Won't He? A Tale of Public Sector Wikis</a>. Ariadne Issue 49.</li>
<li>Grzeganek, K.; Frost, I.; Gross, D (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.community-of-knowledge.de/fileadmin/user_upload/attachments/wikis_for_knowledge_management_in_organisations.pdf">Spoilt for Choice - Wiki Software for Knowledge Management in Organisations</a>. Community of Knowledge.</li></ul>
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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikis" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Wikis" title="Template:Wikis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Wikis" title="Template talk:Wikis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">Wikis</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fan_wiki" title="Fan wiki">Fan</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Personal_wiki" title="Personal wiki">Personal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_medical_wikis" title="List of medical wikis">Medical</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Semantic_wiki" title="Semantic wiki">Semantic</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Software</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_fan_wikis" title="List of fan wikis">Fan wikis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_LocalWikis" title="List of LocalWikis">LocalWikis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_wikis" title="List of wikis">Wikis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_wiki_software" title="List of wiki software">Wiki software</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" title="List of Wikipedias">Wikipedias</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Wiktionaries" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Wiktionaries">Wiktionaries</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparisons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Comparison_of_wiki_software" title="Comparison of wiki software">Software</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Comparison_of_wiki_hosting_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of wiki hosting services">Wiki farms</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable wikis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ballotpedia" title="Ballotpedia">Ballotpedia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Biographicon" title="Biographicon">Biographicon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Book_Drum" title="Book Drum">Book Drum</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chalo_Chatu" title="Chalo Chatu">Chalo Chatu</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Conservapedia" title="Conservapedia">Conservapedia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DavisWiki" title="DavisWiki">DavisWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diplopedia" title="Diplopedia">Diplopedia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Encyclopedia_Dramatica" title="Encyclopedia Dramatica">Encyclopedia Dramatica</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Engineering_and_Technology_History_Wiki" title="Engineering and Technology History Wiki">Engineering and Technology History Wiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Family_History_Research_Wiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Family History Research Wiki">Family History Research Wiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gene_Wiki" title="Gene Wiki">Gene Wiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Geo-Wiki" title="Geo-Wiki">Geo-Wiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Giant_Bomb" title="Giant Bomb">Giant Bomb</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gynopedia" title="Gynopedia">Gynopedia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Hidden_Wiki" title="The Hidden Wiki">The Hidden Wiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Intellipedia" title="Intellipedia">Intellipedia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/LocalWiki" title="LocalWiki">LocalWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Moegirlpedia" title="Moegirlpedia">Moegirlpedia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Namuwiki" title="Namuwiki">Namuwiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Open_protein_structure_annotation_network" title="Open protein structure annotation network">Open protein structure annotation network</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Qiuwen_Baike" title="Qiuwen Baike">Qiuwen Baike</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/RationalWiki" title="RationalWiki">RationalWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Resistance_Manual" title="Resistance Manual">Resistance Manual</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rigveda_Wiki" title="Rigveda Wiki">Rigveda Wiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ruwiki_(Wikipedia_fork)" title="Ruwiki (Wikipedia fork)">Ruwiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sky-Map.org" title="Sky-Map.org">Sky-Map.org</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Cutting_Room_Floor_(website)" title="The Cutting Room Floor (website)">The Cutting Room Floor</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/TV_Tropes" title="TV Tropes">TV Tropes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Uncyclopedia" title="Uncyclopedia">Uncyclopedia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/WikiArt" title="WikiArt">WikiArt</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/WikiFactor" title="WikiFactor">WikiFactor</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikifonia" title="Wikifonia">Wikifonia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/WikiHow" title="WikiHow">wikiHow</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikiloc" title="Wikiloc">Wikiloc</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikimania" title="Wikimania">Wikimania</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/WikiProfessional" title="WikiProfessional">WikiProfessional</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikiprogress" title="Wikiprogress">Wikiprogress</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikirating" title="Wikirating">Wikirating</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/WikiStage" title="WikiStage">WikiStage</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikistrat" title="Wikistrat">Wikistrat</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/WikiTribune" title="WikiTribune">WikiTribune</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wowpedia" title="Wowpedia">Wowpedia</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiki_hosting_service" title="Wiki hosting service">Wiki farms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Confluence_(software)" title="Confluence (software)">Confluence</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fandom_(website)" title="Fandom (website)">Fandom</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/PBworks" title="PBworks">PBworks</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wetpaint" title="Wetpaint">Wetpaint</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikis_and_education" title="Wikis and education">Wikis and education</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/History_of_wikis" title="History of wikis">History</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creole_(markup)" title="Creole (markup)">Creole</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/.wiki" title=".wiki">.wiki</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wiki_software" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Wiki_software" title="Template:Wiki software"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Wiki_software" title="Template talk:Wiki software"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wiki_software" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wiki software"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wiki_software" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wiki software</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/.NET" title=".NET">.NET</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/FlexWiki" class="mw-redirect" title="FlexWiki">FlexWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SharePoint" title="SharePoint">SharePoint</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Confluence_(software)" title="Confluence (software)">Confluence</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jive_(software)" title="Jive (software)">Jive</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Traction_TeamPage" title="Traction TeamPage">Traction TeamPage</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/XWiki" title="XWiki">XWiki</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/TiddlyWiki" title="TiddlyWiki">TiddlyWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiki.js" title="Wiki.js">Wiki.js</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Foswiki" title="Foswiki">Foswiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ikiwiki" title="Ikiwiki">ikiwiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/TWiki" title="TWiki">TWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/UseModWiki" title="UseModWiki">UseModWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/WikiWikiWeb" title="WikiWikiWeb">WikiBase</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/BlueSpice" title="BlueSpice">BlueSpice</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/BookStack" title="BookStack">BookStack</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DokuWiki" title="DokuWiki">DokuWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/PhpWiki" title="PhpWiki">PhpWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phabricator" title="Phabricator">Phriction</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/PmWiki" title="PmWiki">PmWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/PukiWiki" title="PukiWiki">PukiWiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tiki_Wiki_CMS_Groupware" title="Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware">Tiki</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apache_Allura" title="Apache Allura">Allura</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apache_Bloodhound" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Bloodhound">Bloodhound</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kallithea_(software)" title="Kallithea (software)">Kallithea</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kuma_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuma (software)">Kuma</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MoinMoin" title="MoinMoin">MoinMoin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trac" title="Trac">Trac</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zim_(software)" title="Zim (software)">Zim</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gollum_(software)" title="Gollum (software)">Gollum</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Redmine" title="Redmine">Redmine</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CLiki" title="CLiki">CLiki</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Common_Lisp" title="Common Lisp">Common Lisp</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Federated_Wiki" title="Federated Wiki">Federated Wiki</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CoffeeScript" title="CoffeeScript">CoffeeScript</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haskell" title="Haskell">Haskell</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>
<ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Symbol_na_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Non-article page"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Symbol_na_class.svg/16px-Symbol_na_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Symbol_na_class.svg/23px-Symbol_na_class.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Symbol_na_class.svg/31px-Symbol_na_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Comparison_of_wiki_software" title="Comparison of wiki software">Comparison</a></b></li>
<li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_wiki_software" title="List of wiki software">List</a></b></li>
<li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Wiki_software" title="Category:Wiki software">Category</a></b></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Website_management" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:WebManTools" title="Template:WebManTools"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:WebManTools" title="Template talk:WebManTools"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:WebManTools" title="Special:EditPage/Template:WebManTools"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Website_management" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Website management</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_hosting_service" title="Web hosting service">Web hosting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Clustered_web_hosting" title="Clustered web hosting">Clustered</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peer-to-peer_web_hosting" title="Peer-to-peer web hosting">Peer-to-peer</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Self-hosting_(web_services)" title="Self-hosting (web services)">Self-hosting</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virtual_web_hosting" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual web hosting">Virtual</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_analytics" title="Web analytics">Web analytics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Click_analytics" title="Click analytics">Click analytics</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mobile_web_analytics" title="Mobile web analytics">Mobile web analytics</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_tracking" title="Web tracking">Web tracking</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Click_tracking" title="Click tracking">Click tracking</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Overselling" title="Overselling">Overselling</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_document" class="mw-redirect" title="Web document">Web document</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_content" title="Web content">Web content</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_content_lifecycle" title="Web content lifecycle">Web content lifecycle</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server">Web server</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_cache" title="Web cache">Web cache</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Webmaster" title="Webmaster">Webmaster</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Website_governance" title="Website governance">Website governance</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_hosting_control_panel" title="Web hosting control panel">Web hosting control panels</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Comparison_of_web_hosting_control_panels" title="Comparison of web hosting control panels">comparison</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/AlternC" title="AlternC">AlternC</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CPanel" title="CPanel">cPanel</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DirectAdmin" title="DirectAdmin">DirectAdmin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Domain_Technologie_Control" title="Domain Technologie Control">Domain Technologie Control</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Froxlor" title="Froxlor">Froxlor</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/I-MSCP" title="I-MSCP">i-MSCP</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/InterWorx" title="InterWorx">InterWorx</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISPConfig" title="ISPConfig">ISPConfig</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ispmanager" title="Ispmanager">Ispmanager</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kloxo" title="Kloxo">Kloxo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Plesk" title="Plesk">Plesk</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Usermin" title="Usermin">Usermin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Webmin" title="Webmin">Webmin</a></li>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Top-level_domain" title="Top-level domain">Top-level domain</a> registries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/AFNIC" class="mw-redirect" title="AFNIC">AFNIC</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/.au_Domain_Administration" title=".au Domain Administration">auDA</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DNS_Belgium" title="DNS Belgium">DNS Belgium</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CentralNic" class="mw-redirect" title="CentralNic">CentralNic</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Canadian_Internet_Registration_Authority" title="Canadian Internet Registration Authority">CIRA</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Internet_Network_Information_Center" title="China Internet Network Information Center">CNNIC</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CZ.NIC" title="CZ.NIC">CZ.NIC</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DENIC" title="DENIC">DENIC</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/EURid" title="EURid">EURid</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Freenom" class="mw-redirect" title="Freenom">Freenom</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/GoDaddy" title="GoDaddy">GoDaddy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Google_Domains" title="Google Domains">Google Domains</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Identity_Digital" title="Identity Digital">Identity Digital</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Institute_for_Research_in_Fundamental_Sciences" title="Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences">IPM</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Japan_Registry_Services" title="Japan Registry Services">JPRS</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Korea_Internet_%26_Security_Agency" title="Korea Internet & Security Agency">KISA</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/NIC_M%C3%A9xico" title="NIC México">NIC México</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nominet" class="mw-redirect" title="Nominet">Nominet</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Public_Interest_Registry" title="Public Interest Registry">PIR</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tucows" title="Tucows">Tucows</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Verisign" title="Verisign">Verisign</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Domain_name" title="Domain name">Domain name</a> managers and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Domain_name_registrar" title="Domain name registrar">registrars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bluehost" title="Bluehost">Bluehost</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Domainz" title="Domainz">Domainz</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DreamHost" title="DreamHost">DreamHost</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dynadot" title="Dynadot">Dynadot</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Enom" title="Enom">Enom</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Epik" title="Epik">Epik</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gandi" title="Gandi">Gandi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/GMO_Internet" title="GMO Internet">GMO Internet</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/GoDaddy" title="GoDaddy">GoDaddy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Google_Domains" title="Google Domains">Google Domains</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hover_(domain_registrar)" title="Hover (domain registrar)">Hover</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Infomaniak" title="Infomaniak">Infomaniak</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jimdo" title="Jimdo">Jimdo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Name.com" title="Name.com">Name.com</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Namecheap" title="Namecheap">Namecheap</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hostinger" title="Hostinger">Hostinger</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/NameSilo" title="NameSilo">NameSilo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/NearlyFreeSpeech" title="NearlyFreeSpeech">NearlyFreeSpeech</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Network_Solutions" title="Network Solutions">Network Solutions</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/OVH" class="mw-redirect" title="OVH">OVH</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Register.com" title="Register.com">Register.com</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Squarespace" title="Squarespace">Squarespace</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tucows" title="Tucows">Tucows</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/UK2_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="UK2 Group">UK2</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Webcentral" title="Webcentral">Webcentral</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web.com" title="Web.com">Web.com</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wix.com" title="Wix.com">Wix.com</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Web_content_management_system" title="Web content management system">Web content management system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Document_management_system" title="Document management system">Document management system</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wiki software</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">Blog software</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1732647123' |
