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'{{Infobox_Scientist | name = Georges Gilles de la Tourette | image =Georges Gilles de la Tourette cleanup.jpg | image_width = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date|1857|10|30|mf=y}} | birth_place = [[Saint-Gervais-les-Trois-Clochers]], near [[Poitou]], [[France]] | death_date = {{death date and age|1904|5|26|1857|10|30|mf=y}} | death_place = [[Lausanne]], [[Switzerland]] |known_for = [[Tourette syndrome]] }} '''Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette''' (October 30, 1857 in [[Saint-Gervais-les-Trois-Clochers]] near [[Poitou]], [[France]] – May 26, 1904 in [[Lausanne]], [[Switzerland]]) was a French [[Neurology|neurologist]] who is the [[eponym]] of [[Tourette syndrome]], a neurological condition.<ref name="Enerson">[[Ole Daniel Enersen|Enersen, Ole Daniel]]. [http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/357.html Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette.] [[Who Named It|WhoNamedIt.com]] Retrieved on May 14, 2007.</ref> In 1873 Tourette began medical studies at [[Poitiers]]. He later moved to Paris where he became a student, [[Secretary|amanuensis]] and house physician of his mentor, the influential contemporary neurologist [[Jean-Martin Charcot]], director of the [[Salpêtrière]] Hospital. Charcot also helped him to rise in his academic career. Tourette studied and lectured in [[psychotherapy]], [[hysteria]] and medical and legal ramifications of [[mesmerism]] (modern-day [[hypnosis]]).<ref name="Enerson"/> Tourette described the symptoms of Tourette syndrome in nine patients in 1884, using the name "maladie des tics". Charcot renamed the syndrome "Gilles de la Tourette's illness" in his honor.<ref name="Enerson"/> In 1893 (or 1896) a former female patient shot Tourette in the head, claiming he had hypnotized her against her will. Both Tourette and many modern hypnologists state that this is impossible. His mentor, Charcot, had recently died, and his young son had also recently died tragically. After these events he began to have mood swings between [[Clinical depression|depression]] and [[hypomania]]. Nevertheless, he organized public lectures where he spoke about literacy, mesmerism and theatre.<ref name="Enerson"/> [[Image:gilles2.jpg|thumb|left]] Tourette published an article on hysteria in the [[German Army]], which angered [[Otto von Bismarck|Bismarck]], and a further article about unhygienic conditions in the floating hospitals on the river [[Thames]]. With [[Gabriel Legue]] he analyzed abbess Jeanne des Anges' account of her hysteria that was allegedly based on her unrequited love for a priest [[Urbain Grandier]], who was later burned for witchcraft.<ref name="Enerson"/> Around 1902 Tourette's condition worsened and he was removed from his post. Gilles de la Tourette died on May 26, 1904 in a psychiatric hospital in [[Lausanne]], [[Switzerland]].<ref name="Enerson"/> ==Writings== * ''L'hypnotisme et les états analogues au point de vue médico-légal'' (Paris, 1887; 2nd. edition Paris 1889) * ''Traité clinique et thérapeutique de l’hystérie d’après l’enseignement de la Salpêtrière'' (Paris 1891) * ''Les actualités médicales, les états neurasthéniques'' (Paris 1898) * ''Leçons de clinique thérapeutique sur les maladies du système nerveux'' (Paris 1898) * ''Les actualités médicales. Formes cliniques et traitement des myélites syphilitiques' convulsifs'' (''La semaine médicale'' 1899) ==References== {{reflist|2}} * Black, KJ. [http://www.emedicine.com/neuro/topic664.htm Tourette Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders.] ''eMedicine'' (March 22, 2006). Retrieved on 27 June 2006. * Lees. A.J. ''Georges Gilles de la Tourette: The Man And His Times'' (Paris 1986) * [http://www.tsa-usa.org/Medical/theman.html Georges Gilles de la Tourette: The Man And His Times]. [[Tourette Syndrome Association]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-09]]. <!--Categories, please alphabeticize--> {{Topics related to Tourette syndrome}} {{Persondata |NAME=Gilles de la Tourette, Georges Albert Édouard Brutus |ALTERNATIVE NAMES= |SHORT DESCRIPTION=French physician |DATE OF BIRTH=October 30, 1857 |PLACE OF BIRTH=[[Saint-Gervais-les-Trois-Clochers]], [[France]] |DATE OF DEATH=May 26, 1904 |PLACE OF DEATH=[[Lausanne]], [[Switzerland]] }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tourette, Georges Gilles de la}} [[Category:1857 births]] [[Category:1904 deaths]] [[Category:French neurologists]] [[Category:Tourette syndrome]] <!--Interwiki links--> [[ca:Georges Gilles de la Tourette]] [[de:Georges Gilles de la Tourette]] [[es:Georges Gilles de la Tourette]] [[fr:Georges Gilles de la Tourette]] [[it:Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette]] [[nl:Georges Gilles de la Tourette]] [[no:Georges Gilles de la Tourette]] [[pl:Georges Gilles de la Tourette]] [[pt:George Gilles de la Tourette]] [[ru:Де ля Туретт, Жорж Жиль]] [[fi:Georges Gilles de la Tourette]] [[sv:Georges Gilles de la Tourette]]'