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'{{refimprove|date=January 2008}} [[Image:Amaray-case.jpg|thumb|Keep case]] A '''keep case''' or '''poly-box''' is a type of [[DVD]] (and sometimes [[Compact Disc|CD]]) packaging. From the well-known brand [[Amaray]], this type of case is often called '''''Amaray case''''', creating a [[genericized trademark]] and ambiguities about the real manufacturer of the case. Besides [[DVD-Video]] films, keep cases are used in most video games for the [[PlayStation 2]], [[Nintendo GameCube]], [[Wii]], [[Xbox]], and [[Xbox 360]] as well as [[Personal computer|PC]] titles and [[MP3]]-CD [[audiobook]]s. ==Structure== ===Materials and features=== [[Image:Keep-case-xbox.jpg|thumb|Lime green version, used for most [[Xbox]] games]] [[Image:Wii game disc.jpg|thumb|[[Wii]] keep case]] The cases are made of soft, clear or colored, [[polypropylene]] [[plastic]] with a transparent [[polyethylene]] outer jacket, usually with a printed paper sleeve behind it. A variety of colors are produced, including a lime green version exclusive for [[Xbox]] games. On the inside are sets of clips that may hold a booklet or additional sheets of paper with extra information. The DVD is held into place with a small protrusion (a "hub") which fits into the hole in the DVD. For console games like the [[PlayStation 2]] and [[Nintendo GameCube]], an extra protrusion is available for storing memory cards. ===Types of hubs=== The structural differences between a CD and a DVD have led many manufacturers to study different hub designs for keeping the DVD (or the DVDs, in multi-disc cases) in place: unlike CDs, which are made from one layer of plastic material, DVDs have two layers, which are thinner (so that together they reach the same thickness of a CD) and not bonded all the way to the center. As a result, a DVD hub is weaker than a CD's, and may be damaged if stored in a case which is designed for CDs only. The idea is to hold the DVD securely in the case so that it does not come loose during shipping, while still allowing the disk to be easily removed without having to apply excessive force to the outer edges of the disk. In addition to "pluck hubs" (which are often a simple evolution over the classical "crown of teeth"), "push-to-release" hubs are very common: in this case the hub is made in such a way that simply pushing on it with a finger which pushes its component parts closer to each other, thus shrinking the space it occupies and releasing the disc center; under normal situations the release cannot occur accidentally and requires someone to push on the hub (this is obviously more difficult to obtain in slim and ultra-slim cases, where in fact pluck hubs may be preferred to push-type ones). An example of (patented) hub design is M-Lock.<ref>http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,1590566,00.asp</ref><ref>http://polynewsline.blogspot.com/2008_10_01_archive.html</ref> In fact, many vendors have their own patents. ===Damage risk=== [[File:Disc Crack From Case.jpg|thumb|Disc cracked when improperly removed from the Case.]] The larger size of the keep case compared to the CD [[jewel box]] means that if the disc becomes detached from the center hub, it can move around inside the box, and the playable surface can be scratched by the hub. This can be a problem during shipping. The center "Pluck-Hubs" are designed to keep a disc in place while shipping, but usually are too tight. The disc can be damaged upon removal due to excess warping. The edges of the center hub can be permanently bent in slightly to allow for a looser fit. The disc now slip out easily, ideal for the home shelf.<ref>http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,1590566,00.asp</ref><ref>http://polynewsline.blogspot.com/2008_10_01_archive.html</ref><ref>http://www.racketboy.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=44&t=25827&st=0&sk=t&sd=a</ref> The movie or game disc can be accidentally cracked if not removed correctly. Sometimes the center "push-to-release" hubs will grab the disc even after pressing down the center. ===Physical dimensions<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amaray.com/downloads/AmarayBrochure.pdf |title=Amaray product brochure |publisher=Amaray |format=PDF |accessdate=2010-03-13}}</ref>=== ====Case==== The height and width of a (closed) keep case are fixed at 190mm and 135mm, respectively. The thickness may vary to accommodate more discs ("multi" case) or to require less shelf space ("slim" or "thin" case). For a typical single-disc case it is 15mm. A keep case, thus, ''approximates'' the [[Entertainment Merchants Association|Video Software Dealers Association]] recommendation that a single-disc [[DVD-Video]] package have the same height as a VHS tape (187&nbsp;mm) and the same width as a CD jewel case (142&nbsp;mm). ====Paper sleeve==== The printed paper sleeve for a standard DVD case can be printed on a standard A4 sheet of paper which, after cropping, can be slipped into the outer jacket. The paper room on the front and back panels of the case is 129.5mm × 183mm and spine panels have a width of 14mm or less. This gives 273mm × 183mm as resulting maximum overall dimensions for the printout (which is less than the 297mm × 210mm of an A4 paper sheet). ====Inserts==== Booklet inserts or leaflet material, when folded closed, should measure to a maximum of 120mm × 180mm. Similar, though not identical, packaging is used for commercial [[Blu-ray Disc]] titles and was used for [[HD DVD]] titles. However, the dimensions of the cases are somewhat different, about 19&nbsp;mm shorter. The individual cases are color-coded, with blue being used for Blu-ray and red for HD DVD, and the format displayed prominently on a stripe above the [[cover art]]. Some companies such as [[Disney]], [[Paramount Pictures|Paramount]], and [[Warner Bros.]] release DVDs without sleeves (although Disney does it sporadically). ==Usage== According to the [[Internet Movie Database]], as of October 30, 2006, there are 18,313 DVDs with sufficient information in the database that are packaged in a keep case. In the days before video games were released on optical media, cartridges would sometimes come packaged in specially designed plastic keep cases with lugs inside to hold the instruction manual, as opposed to pressboard boxes (which buyers seldom kept along with the game, and are therefore very collectible today). Cartridges and cards for the [[Sega Master System]] platform were the first video games to be packaged in any kind of keep case, and they were used in 100% of its game library. The vast majority of [[Sega Genesis]] games would come in a plastic keep case, but were later packaged in pressboard boxes, as a cost-cutting measure. Before the standard, commonly used DVD case was invented, early CD-ROM based video games (such as [[Sega CD]] and early [[PlayStation]] titles) would often come in a taller keep case, which resembled a thicker and taller jewel case. These have been reputed to break very easily. Today, all major console-based video game software is packaged in some sort of keep case, including [[Nintendo DS]] cartridge titles, and Sony PSP titles. Blu-ray discs and PlayStation 3 games come in a shorter and slightly thinner keep case than their predecessors. Blu-ray movie cases are almost always a transparent blue color while PlayStation 3 games are clear transparent (opaque red for the "Greatest Hits" re-releases in North America). ===Empty cases and do-it-yourself=== In addition to the industrial usages reported above, empty keep cases are available at retail stores, which can serve for instance as a replacement for broken cases or for DVDs containing personal video recordings or data. Besides Amaray, common brands are [[Hitachi Maxell|Maxell]], [[Memorex]], [[TDK]], [[Verbatim Corporation|Verbatim]], [[NexPak]], [[US Digital Media]]. Some vendors, e.g. TDK and [[Infiniti (Medea)|Infiniti]], also sell recordable DVDs individually packed in keep cases. == See also == * [[Optical disc packaging]] == References == <references/> == External links == * [http://www.imdb.com/Sections/DVDs/Packaging/Keep_Case/ IMDb's List of DVDs in Keep Cases] {{DEFAULTSORT:Keep Case}} [[Category:DVD]] [[Category:Packaging]] [[Category:Compact Disc]] [[sv:Keepcase]]'