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'{{Infobox military person | name = Joseph Gaurhept Broussard | image = [[File:Joseph Broussard Beausoleil acadian HRoe.jpg]] | caption = Joseph Broussard dit "Beausoleil". By [[Herb Roe]]. | birth_date = 1702 | death_date = {{Death year and age|1765|1702}} | birth_place = [[Port Royal, Nova Scotia]] | death_place = [[St. Martinville, Louisiana]] | placeofburial = Unknown location near St. Martinville, La | nickname = Beausoleil | allegiance = | branch = | serviceyears = | rank = Militia captain | unit = | commands = | battles = [[Father Rale's War]] * Siege of [[Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia|Annapolis Royal]] (1724) [[King Georges War]] *[[Battle of Grand Pre]] [[Father Le Loutre's War]] *[[Battle at Chignecto]] * [[Raid on Dartmouth (1751)]] *Raid on Lawrencetown (1754) [[French and Indian War]] *[[Battle of Beausejour]] *[[Battle of Bloody Creek (1757)]] | awards = | relations = | laterwork = Led Acadians to Louisiana. Militia captain of the Acadians of the [[Atakapa]]s<ref name="www2.umoncton.ca"/> }} '''Joseph Gaurhept Broussard''' (1702–1765), also known as '''Beausoleil''', was a leader of the [[Acadian]] people in [[Acadia]]; later [[Nova Scotia]] and [[New Brunswick]]. Broussard organized a resistance movement against the forced [[Expulsion of the Acadians]]. In 1765, After the loss of Acadia to the British, he eventually led the first group of Acadians to southern Louisiana in present-day United States. ==Life== Broussard was born in [[Port Royal, Nova Scotia]] in 1702. He lived much of his life at Le Cran (present day [[Stoney Creek, New Brunswick|Stoney Creek]], [[Albert County, New Brunswick]]) along the [[Petitcodiac River]] with his wife Agnes and their eleven children. During [[Father Rale's War]], Broussard participated in a raid on [[Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia]] (1724).<ref>James Laxer. The Acadians: In Search of a homeland. Anchor Canada Press. p. 103</ref> === King Georges War === During [[King Georges War]], under the leadership of French priest [[Jean-Louis Le Loutre]], Broussard began actively resisting the British occupation of Acadia. Broussard's forces often included [[Mi'kmaq people|Mi'kmaq]] allies in their resistance against the British. In 1747 he participated in and was later charged for his involvement with the [[Battle of Grand Pré]].(see [[History of the Acadians]])<ref name="www2.umoncton.ca">{{cite web | url =http://www2.umoncton.ca/cfdocs/etudacad/1755/index.cfm?id=010505000&lang=en&style=G&admin=false&linking=| title = History:1755-Joseph Broussard dit Beausoleil (c. 1702-1765)| accessdate=2009-03-14}}</ref> === Father Le Loutre's War === During [[Father Le Loutre's War]], after the construction of [[Fort Beausejour]] in 1751, Broussard joined [[Jean-Louis Le Loutre]] at Beausejour. In an effort to stop the British movement into Acadia, in 1749 Broussard was involved in one of the first raids on [[Raid on Dartmouth (1751)|Dartmouth, Nova Scotia]] which resulted in the deaths of five British settlers.<ref>John Grenier (2008). The Far Reaches of Empire: War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760. p.150</ref> The following year, Broussard was in the [[Battle at Chignecto]] and then shortly afterward he led sixty Mi'kmaq and Acadians to attack Dartmouth again, in what would be known as the [[Raid on Dartmouth (1751)|"Dartmouth Massacre"]] (1751). Broussard and the others killed twenty British defenders and took more prisoner.<ref>John Grenier (2008). The Far Reaches of Empire: War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760. p.160</ref> Cornwallis temporarily abandoned plans to settle Dartmouth.<ref>John Grenier (2008). The Far Reaches of Empire: War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760. p.161</ref> In late April 1754, Beausoleil and a large band of Mi'kmaq and Acadians left Chignecto for Lawrencetown. They arrived in mid-May and in the night opened fired on the village. Beausoleil killed and scalped four british settlers and two soldiers. By August, as the raids continued, the residents and soldiers were withdrawn to Halifax.<ref>Diane Marshall. Heroes of the Acadian Resistance. Formac. 2011. p. 110-111</ref> [[File:CaptureOfAlcideAndLys.jpg|thumb|right| [[Action of 8 June 1755|Capture of French ships Alcide and Lys]] off Newfoundland. The ships were carrying war supplies for Acadians and Mi'kmaq]] In the [[Action of 8 June 1755]], a naval battle off [[Cape Race]], Newfoundland, on board the French ships Alcide and Lys were found 10,000 scalping knives for Acadians and Indians serving under Chief [[Jean-Baptiste Cope]] and Acadian Beausoleil as they continue to fight Father Le Loutre's War.<ref>Thomas H. Raddall. Halifax: Warden of the North. Nimbus. 1993. (originally 1948)p. 45</ref> Broussard was also active in the fight against Lieutenant Colonel [[Robert Monckton]] in the [[Battle of Beausejour]].<ref>John Grenier (2008). The Far Reaches of Empire: War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760. p.171</ref> ===French and Indian War=== With Le Loutre imprisoned after the [[Battle of Beausejour]], Broussard became the leader of an armed resistance during the [[Great Upheaval|expulsion of the Acadians]], leading assaults against the British on several occasions between 1755 and 1758 as part of the forces of [[Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot]].<ref name="www2.umoncton.ca"/> After arming a ship in 1758, Broussard traveled through the upper [[Bay of Fundy]] region where he attacked the British. His ship was seized in November 1758. He was then forced to flee, travelling first to the [[Miramichi]] and later imprisoned at [[Fort Edward (Nova Scotia)|Fort Edward]] in 1762. Finally, he was transferred and imprisoned with other Acadians in [[City of Halifax|Halifax, Nova Scotia]]. ===Arrival at Louisiana=== Released in 1764, Broussard was permitted to travel with several other Acadians to [[Dominica]]. Unable to adapt to the climate, he led the group to settle in [[Louisiana]].<ref>C. A. Pincombe and E. W. Larracy, ''Resurgo: The History of Moncton, Volume 1'', 1990, Moncton, p. 30</ref> He was among the first 200 [[Acadians]] to arrive in Louisiana on February 27, 1765 aboard the ''Santo Domingo''.<ref>[http://www.carencrohighschool.org/LA_Studies/ParishSeries/LafayetteParish/Broussard.htm "Broussard named for early settler Valsin Broussard"]</ref> On April 8, 1765, he was appointed militia captain and commander of the "Acadians of the [[Atakapa]]s" in St. Martinville, La.<ref name="www2.umoncton.ca"/> Not long after his arrival, Joseph Broussard died in [[St. Martinville, Louisiana|St. Martinville]] at the presumed age of 63. The exact date of his death is unknown, but it is assumed to have been on or around October 20, 1765. Many of his descendants live in southern Louisiana and Nova Scotia. ==Descendancy== Broussard's descendants include that of [[Tina Knowles|Célestine Knowles]] ([[Married and maiden names|née]] Beyincé), her two daughters [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]] and [[Solange Knowles|Solange]], and also that of their children.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/megan-smolenyak-smolenyak/a-peek-into-blue-ivy-cart_b_1200346.html |title=A Peek into Blue Ivy Carter's Past |first= |last= |work=[[The Huffington Post]] |publisher=[[AOL]] |date=January 12, 2012 |accessdate=January 14, 2012}}</ref> ==Modern cultural references== The [[Cajun music]] group [[BeauSoleil]] is named after him. He is a character in the novel ''Banished from Our Home: The Acadian Diary of Angelique Richard, Grand-Pre, Acadia, 1755'' by Sharon Stewart (2004) ==References== {{reflist}} ==Further reading== *Dianne Marshall. ''Heroes of the Acadian Resistance The Story of Joseph (Beausoleil) Broussard and Pierre Surette 1715-1755''. Formac Publishing. 2011. *Warren A. Perrin. Acadian Redemption: From Beausoleil Broussard to the Queen's Royal Proclamation. 2004. * John Mack Faragher, ''A Great and Noble Scheme: The Tragic Story of the Expulsion of the French Acadians from their American Homeland'' (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2005). *Warren A. Perrin, ''Acadian Redemption: From Beausoleil Broussard to the British Queen's Royal Proclamation'' (Opelousas, La.: Andrepont Publishing, 2005). * Dean Jobb, ''The Acadians: A People's Story of Exile and Triumph''. John Wiley & Sons, 2005 (published in the United States as ''The Cajuns: A People's Story of Exile and Triumph'') ==External links == * [http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=1227 Biography at the ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online''] {{DEFAULTSORT:Broussard, Joseph}} [[Category:Acadian history]] [[Category:Acadian people]] [[Category:French Canadian people of the French and Indian War]] [[Category:People deported from Canada]] [[Category:Irregular military]] [[Category:1702 births]] [[Category:1765 deaths]] [[Category:Pre-state history of Louisiana]] [[Category:History of Nova Scotia]] [[Category:History of New Brunswick]] [[Category:Date of death unknown]] [[Category:Date of birth unknown]] [[fr:Joseph Brossard]] [[ru:Бруссар, Жозеф]]'