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'{{Planetbox begin | name = HD 85512 b }} {{Planetbox image | image = HD 85512 b.jpg | caption = Artist's impression of the planet HD 85512b. }} {{Planetbox star | star = [[HD 85512]] | constell = [[Vela (constellation)|Vela]] | RA = {{RA|09|51|07.1}} | DEC = {{DEC|−43|30|10}} | app_mag = 7.66 | dist_ly = 36 <ref name=arxiv1>{{cite journal|title=The HARPS search for Earth-like planets in the habitable zone: I – Very low-mass planets around HD20794, HD85512 and HD192310|first=F|last=Pepe|last2=''et al.''|year=2011|arxiv=1108.3447|bibcode=2011yCat..35349058P|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201117055}}</ref> | dist_pc = 11.1 ± 0.1<ref name=arxiv>{{cite journal|title=A Habitable Planet around HD 85512?|first=L|last=Kaltenegger|first2=S|last2=Udry|first3=F|last3=Pepe|year=2011|arxiv=1108.3561|bibcode=2011arXiv1108.3561K}}</ref> | class = K5 V | mass = 0.69 | radius = | temperature = 4715 ± 102 | metallicity = −0.33 ± 0.03 | age = 5.61 ± 0.61 }} {{Planetbox orbit | period = 54.43 ± 0.13<ref name=arxiv/> | period_year = | period_hour = | semimajor = 0.26 ± 0.005<ref name=arxiv/> | semimajor_gm = | semimajor_mas = | eccentricity = 0.11 ± 0.1<ref name=arxiv/> | speed = 94.913 ± 0.038 | semi-amp = | mean_anomaly = | epoch = }} {{Planetbox character | minimum_mass_earth = 3.6 ± 0.5 | temperature = 298<ref name=centauri/> }} {{Planetbox discovery | discovery_date = August 17, 2011 | discoverers = [[Francisco Pepe|Pepe]] ''et al.'' | discovery_method = [[Radial velocity method|Radial velocity]] ([[High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher|HARPS]]) | discovery_site = [[La Silla Observatory]] | discovery_status = Published }} {{Planetbox reference | star=HD+85512 | planet=b }} {{Planetbox end}} '''HD 85512 b''' is an [[extrasolar planet]] [[orbit]]ing [[Gliese 370]] (a [[stellar classification#Class K|K-type]] or "orange dwarf") [[star]] approximately 36 [[light-year]]s distance from Earth in the [[constellation]] of [[Vela (constellation)|Vela]] (the Sail).<ref name=arxiv1/><ref name=arxiv/> Due to its mass of at least 3.6 times the mass of Earth, HD 85512 b is classified as a [[super-Earth]] and is one of the smallest exoplanets discovered to be on the edge of the [[habitable zone]].<ref name=arxiv/> HD 85512 b, along with [[Gliese 581 d]] is considered to be one of the [[List of potential habitable exoplanets|best candidates for habitability]] as of August 30, 2011.<ref name=maxisciences/> ==Detection and discovery== The planet was discovered by scientists at [[University of Geneva]], Switzerland,<ref name=maxisciences>{{cite web|url=http://www.maxisciences.com/plan%E8te-habitable/des-chercheurs-decouvrent-une-planete-potentiellement-habitable_art16635.html|title=Researchers find potentially habitable planet|publisher=maxisciences.com|language=[[French language|French]]|accessdate=2011-08-31}}</ref><ref name=kauno.diena>{{cite web|url=http://kauno.diena.lt/naujienos/mokslas-ir-it/rasta-planeta-kurioje-galetu-egzistuoti-gyvybe-373401|title=Found a planet where life could exist|publisher=maxisciences.com|language=[[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]|accessdate=2011-08-31}}</ref> led by Swiss astronomer [[Stéphane Udry]]<ref name=technologie.gazeta>{{cite web|url=http://technologie.gazeta.pl/internet/1,114257,10139412,Super_Ziemia_krazaca_w_ekosferze_.html|title=Super Earth circulating in ekosferze?|publisher=technologie.gazeta.pl|language=[[Polish language|Polish]]|accessdate=2011-08-31}}</ref> of the Guaranteed Time Observations (GTO) program of High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher ([[High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher|HARPS]]), a high-precision [[Echelle grating|echelle]] [[spectrograph]] installed on [[European Southern Observatory|ESO]]'s 3.6&nbsp;m telescope at [[La Silla Observatory]] in Chile.<ref name=centauri>{{cite web|url=http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=19560|title=HARPS: Hunting for Nearby Earth-like Planets|publisher=centauri-dreams.org|accessdate=2011-08-25}}</ref> The team used the [[Doppler spectroscopy]] technique which determines the [[minimum mass]] of the planet through slight changes in motion of the parent star. It was discovered on August 17, 2011. ==Physical characteristics== [[File:HD85512bWithHZ.svg|thumb|left|250px|alt=Plot of the orbit of HD 85512 b compared to the star's habitable zone |Plot of the orbit of HD 85512 b compared to the star's habitable zone]] On August 17, 2011, researchers released a study of the planet. The study makes assumptions about the planet actually having the minimum mass allowed by existing observations, not being tidally locked, and having one specific composition out of the wide parameter set available to conclude that HD 85512 b is the most habitable exoplanet discovered up to that point<ref name=arxiv/> and one of the most stable exoplanets discovered by the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher.<ref name=centauri/> The planet has a ''minimum'' Earth mass of 3.6 ± 0.5, ''minimum'' [[surface gravity]] of about 1.4 g and assuming an atmosphere like earth's despite its far greater mass, an estimated temperature of 298 K (24.85 °C or 76.73 °F) at the top of its atmosphere. The estimated temperature is noted to be similar to temperatures in [[Southern France]],<ref name=centauri/><ref>{{cite news|title=Italian helps find planet that could sustain life|url=http://lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=452563&IDCategoria=2694|newspaper=[[La Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno]]|date=September 2, 2011|accessdate=September 7, 2011}}</ref> but various atmospheric conditions prevalent in the planet have to be analyzed to estimate the temperature of the surface.<ref name=centauri/> It orbits the parent star at a distance of about 0.26 [[AU]],<ref name=maxisciences/> with an orbital period of about 54 days <ref name=maxisciences/> with the possibility of it being tidally locked to its star. ==Habitability and climate== For the temperature to be below 270 K (-3.15° C), for a circular orbit, the planetary [[albedo]] should be 0.48 ± 0.05 and for an eccentricity of 0.11, the planetary albedo should be 0.52.<ref name=arxiv/> If the planet has 50% cloud cover, water may exist in liquid form on the planet<ref name=technologie.gazeta/> provided its atmosphere is similar to our own, thus making the planet habitable.<ref name=kauno.diena/><ref name=sciam>{{cite web|url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=exoplanet-looks-potentially-lively-11-08-22|title=Exoplanet Looks Potentially Lively|publisher=scientificamerican.com|accessdate=2011-08-25}}</ref><ref name=spaceref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=38197|title=Is There A Habitable Planet Circling HD 85512?|publisher=spaceref.com|accessdate=2011-08-31}}</ref> Also, if the albedo of the planet is increased due to cloud cover, water could be present in its liquid form on the planet, which would mean that the planet is on the edge of habitability.<ref name=arxiv/><ref name=spaceref/> Based on the bolometric luminosity of its parent star, the planet would get 1.86 times as much sunlight as Earth, slightly less than [[Venus]] at 1.92, suggesting that it may have suffered a [[runaway greenhouse effect]]. ===Effective temperatures=== Using the measured stellar luminosity of Gliese 370 of 0.126 times that of our Sun, it is possible to calculate HD 85512 b's [[effective temperature]] a.k.a. [[black body]] temperature, which probably differs from its [[surface temperature]]. The effective temperature for HD 85512 b, assuming an aforementioned [[albedo]], would be {{convert|24.138|°C|°F|0|lk=on}}.<ref>[http://io9.com/5839395/potentially-habitable-super+earth-is-among-50-newly-discovered-exoplanets Potentially habitable "Super-Earth" is among 50 newly discovered exoplanets<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> ==See also== {{Portal|Astronomy}} {{commons category|HD 85512}} * [[Goldilocks planet]] * [[Gliese 581 g]] * [[Kepler-22b]] * [[Diamond planet]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~lkaltenegger/Home_files/KalteneggerHD85512.pdf A Habitable Planet around HD 85512] {{Gliese 370}} {{Nearest bright star systems|4.}} {{Extraterrestrial life}} {{Sky|09|51|07.1|-|43|30|10|36.3}} [[Category:Exoplanets discovered in 2011]] [[Category:Exoplanets detected by radial velocity]] [[Category:Super-Earths in the habitable zone]] [[Category:Vela (constellation)]] [[de:Gliese 370 b]] [[es:HD 85512 b]] [[fa:اچ‌دی ۸۵۵۱۲بی]] [[fr:HD 85512 b]] [[ko:글리제 370 b]] [[is:HD 85512 b]] [[it:HD 85512 b]] [[lb:Gliese 370 b]] [[ms:Gliese 370 b]] [[nl:Gliese 370 b]] [[ja:HD 85512 b]] [[pl:HD 85512 b]] [[pt:HD 85512 b]] [[ru:HD 85512 b]] [[fi:HD 85512 b]] [[sv:HD 85512 b]] [[zh:HD 85512 b]]'