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'{{Infobox Russian district |en_name=Shenkursky District |ru_name=Шенкурский район |image_map=Ru-ark-shenkursky loc.svg |map_caption=Location of Shenkursky District in Arkhangelsk Oblast |image_view=Vaga River.jpg |image_caption=The [[Vaga River]] near the ''selo'' of [[Rovdino, Arkhangelsk Oblast|Rovdino]], Shenkursky District |latd=61 |latm=04 |lats= |longd=42 |longm=06 |longs= |image_flag |flag_caption |image_coa=RUS Шенкурский район COA.png |coa_caption |anthem |anthem_ref |holiday |holiday_ref |federal_subject=[[Arkhangelsk Oblast]] |federal_subject_ref=<ref name="ArkhangelskO_adm" /> |adm_data_as_of=2011 |adm_ctr_type=[[types of inhabited localities in Russia|town]] |adm_ctr_name=[[Shenkursk]] |adm_ctr_ref=<ref name="OKATO" /> |no_of_cities_towns=1 |selsoviet_type1=selsoviet |no_of_selsoviets_type1=12 |no_of_rural_localities=252 |counts_ref=<ref name="OKATO" /> |mun_data_as_of=July 2012 |mun_formation1=Shenkursky Municipal District |mun_formation1_ref=<ref name="ArkhangelskO_mun" /> |mun_formation1_no_of_urban_settlements=1 |mun_formation1_no_of_rural_settlements=8 |mun_formation1_counts_ref=<ref name="ArkhangelskO_mun" /> |mun_formation1_leader_title= |mun_formation1_leader_title_ref= |mun_formation1_leader_name= |mun_formation1_leader_name_ref= |mun_formation1_representative_body= |mun_formation1_representative_body_ref= |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2=11298 |area_km2_ref=<ref name="Area" /> |pop_2010census=15196 |urban_pop_2010census=37.5% |rural_pop_2010census=62.5% |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" /> |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=July&nbsp;15, 1929 |established_date_ref=<ref name="ukaz1929">{{cite web|url=http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=ESU;n=15910|title=Постановление Президиума ВЦИК от 15 июля 1929 года о составе округов и районов Северного Края и их центрах|publisher=consultant.ru|language=Russian|accessdate=June 4, 2011}}</ref> |newspaper= |newspaper_ref= |website=http://www.shenkursk-region.ru/ |website_ref= |commonscat=Shenkursky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast |date=August 2012 }} '''Shenkursky District''' ({{lang-ru|Ше́нкурский райо́н}}) is an administrative district ([[raion]]), one of the [[administrative divisions of Arkhangelsk Oblast|twenty-one]] in [[Arkhangelsk Oblast]], [[Russia]].<ref name="ArkhangelskO_adm">Law #65-5-OZ</ref> [[Subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|Municipally]], it is incorporated as '''Shenkursky Municipal District'''.<ref name="ArkhangelskO_mun">Law #258-vneoch.-OZ</ref> It is located in the south of the [[oblast]] and borders with [[Vinogradovsky District]] in the north, [[Verkhnetoyemsky District]] in the east, [[Ustyansky District]] in the southeast, [[Velsky District]] in the south, [[Nyandomsky District]] in the west, and with [[Plesetsky District]] in the northwest. The area of the district is {{convert|11298|km2|sp=us}}.<ref name="Area">{{cite web|url=http://www.dvinainform.ru/clients/24/|title=Шенкурский район|publisher=Двина-Информ|language=Russian|accessdate=August 4, 2011}}</ref> Its [[administrative center]] is the [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|town]] of [[Shenkursk]].<ref name="OKATO">{{OKATO reference|11 258}}</ref> District's population: {{ru-census|p2010=15,196|p2002=18,680|p1989=22,597}} The population of Shenkursk accounts for 37.5% of the district's total population.<ref name="2010Census" /> ==Geography== The district is located in the valley of the [[Vaga River]], a major left [[tributary]] of the [[Northern Dvina River|Northern Dvina]]. A major tributary of the Vaga is the [[Led River]] (left). Some areas in the east, northeast, north, and west of the district lie in the [[drainage basin|basin]] of various left tributaries of the Northern Dvina. There are many [[glacial lake]]s in the district, the biggest of which is [[Lake Lum]]. Most of the district is covered by coniferous forests ([[taiga]]). There are meadows in the [[floodplain]]s of the river valleys, most notably the Vaga's, and [[swamp]]s. ==History== [[File:Coat of Arms of Shenkursk (Arkhangelsk oblast) (1780).png|thumb|Coat of arms of Shenkursk from 1780]] The area was originally populated by the [[Finno-Ugric peoples]] and then colonized by the [[Novgorod Republic]]. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the [[Grand Duchy of Moscow]]. Historically, it was a part of [[Vazhsky Uyezd]], a vast area including almost all of the basin of the [[Vaga River]]. Chronicles mention [[Shenkursk]] in 1229 as Sheng-Kurye.<ref name="history_shenkursk">{{cite web|url=http://www.shenkursk-region.ru/index.php?id=24|title=МО "Шенкурское" Справка|publisher=Администрация Шенкурского муниципального района|language=Russian|accessdate=June 8, 2011}}</ref> In 1426, [[Varlaam Vazhsky]], who was later beautified as a saint, founded the [[Vazhsky Monastery]]. In the course of the [[administrative divisions of Russia in 1708–1710|administrative reform]] carried out in 1708 by [[Peter the Great]], the area was included into [[Archangelgorod Governorate]], In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into [[Vologda Viceroyalty]]. Vazhsky Uyezd was split, and the area of the current Shenkursky District became a part of the newly established [[Shenkursky Uyezd]]. In 1796, Shenkursky Uyezd was transferred to [[Arkhangelsk Governorate]]. Shenkursk played a prominent role in the [[Russian Civil War]]. In the autumn of 1918, about six thousand British and American troops advanced south of Shenkursk. On January&nbsp;19-25, the Bolshevik troops staged a counteroffensive, known as the [[Battle of Shenkursk]]. Three thousand troops, split into three armies, advancing from three sides, cut Shenkursk off, and moved the [[front (military)|front]] area {{convert|90|km|sp=us}} north of Shenkursk.<ref name="GSE">{{cite book|title=Шенкурская операция 1919|url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article123665.html|publisher=Great Soviet Encyclopedia}}</ref> Shenkursky Uyezd remained in Arkhangelsk Governorate until 1929, when several governorates were merged into [[Northern Krai]]. On July&nbsp;15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, and Shenkursky Uyezd was split into Shenkursky, [[Vinogradovsky District|Bereznikovsky]], and [[Rovdinsky District]]s. Shenkursky District became a part of [[Nyandoma Okrug]] of Northern Krai. Rovdinsky District, with the administration located in [[Rovdino, Arkhangelsk Oblast|Rovdino]], existed until 1959 (with a brief break between 1931 and 1935). On September&nbsp;11, 1959, the district was abolished and split between Shenkursky and [[Velsky District]]s; the district's administrative center Rovdino became a part of Shenkursky District.<ref name="history_shenkursk" /> In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1930, the okrug was abolished, and the district was subordinated to the central administration of Northern Krai. In 1936, the krai itself was transformed into [[Northern Oblast (1936-1937)|Northern Oblast]]. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Shenkursky District remained in Arkhangelsk Oblast ever since. ==Divisions== ===Administrative divisions=== [[Subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions|Administratively]], the district is divided into twelve [[selsoviet]]s and one [[urban-type settlement]] ([[Shenkursk]]).<ref name="OKATO" /> The following selsoviets have been established (the [[administrative center]]s are given in parentheses):<ref name="OKATO" /> *Fedorogorsky (Nikiforovskaya) *Mikhaylovsky (Zapakovskaya) *Khozminsky (Ispolinovka) *Nikolsky (Shipunovskaya) *Rovdinsky (Rovdino) *Shakhanovsky (Nosovskaya) *Shegovarsky (Shegovary) *Syumsky (Kulikovskaya) *Tarnyansky (Rybogorskaya) *Ust-Padengsky (Ust-Padenga) *Verkholedsky (Rakovskaya) *Verkhopadengsky (Ivanovskoye) *Yamskogorsky (Odintsovskaya) ===Municipal divisions=== [[Subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|Municipally]], the district is divided into one urban settlement and eight rural settlements (the administrative centers are given in parentheses):<ref name="ArkhangelskO_mun" /> *[[Shenkurskoye Urban Settlement]] ([[Shenkursk]]) *[[Fedorogorskoye Rural Settlement]] (Nikiforovskaya) *[[Nikolskoye Rural Settlement]] (Shipunovskaya) *[[Rovdinskoye Rural Settlement]] (Rovdino) *[[Syumskoye Rural Settlement]] (Kulikovskaya) *[[Ust-Padengskoye Rural Settlement]] (Ust-Padenga) *[[Verkholedskoye Rural Settlement]] (Rakovskaya) *[[Verkhopadengskoye Rural Settlement]] (Ivanovskoye) *[[Yamskogorskoye Rural Settlement]] (Odintsovskaya) ==Economy== ===Industry=== The basis of the economy of the district is timber industry. There is also food industry, including milk production.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shenkursk-region.ru/index.php?id=48|title=Агропромышленный комплекс|publisher=Шенкурский муниципальный район|language=Russian|accessdate=June 8, 2011}}</ref> ===Transportation=== One of the principal highways in Russia, [[M8 highway (Russia)|M8]] connecting [[Moscow]] and [[Arkhangelsk]], crosses the district from south to north. Shenkursk is located several kilometers east from the highway; however, it lies on the other bank of the Vaga and is only connected with the highway by a ferry crossing. The roads on the right bank of the Vaga are minor. The Vaga is navigable within the limits of the district, but there is no passenger navigation. ==Culture and recreation== [[File:Храм Вознесения Господня на Ворбасе (колокольня).jpg|thumb|The bell-tower of the Ascencion Church in the ''selo'' of Yamskogorye{{clarify|date=August 2012}}<!--no rural locality by such name exists-->]] The district contains four objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law, and additionally ninety-four objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kulturnoe-nasledie.ru/|title=Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации|publisher=Russian Ministry of Culture|language=Russian|accessdate=June 6, 2011}}</ref> Most of these are wooden rural houses, churches, and bridges built prior to 1917. The four objects protected at the federal level include: *[[Bogoslovsky Pogost, Shenkursky District|Bogoslovsky Pogost]] which is the ensemble consisting of the wooden Church of Three Holy Hierarchs (1782) and the Chapel of St.&nbsp;Varlaam of Vaga (1821), both neglected<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pravdasevera.ru/print.html?article=1051777148|title=Место падкое, но отживчивое|last=Журавлёва|first=Ирина|date=November 7, 2009|publisher=Pravda Severa / Правда Севера|language=Russian|accessdate=June 8, 2011}}</ref> *The Assumption Church in the settlement of [[Sulonda]] (1667), which burned down in the 1970s <!--the other two?--> The only museum in the district is Shenkursky District Museum.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.museum.ru/M945|title=Шенкурский районный краеведческий музей|publisher=Российская сеть культурного наследия|language=Russian|accessdate=June 8, 2011}}</ref> ==References== ===Notes=== {{Reflist}} ===Sources=== *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|ark|adm|law}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|ark|mun|list}} {{Arkhangelsk Oblast}} {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2012}} [[Category:Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast]] [[Category:States and territories established in 1929]] [[Category:1929 establishments in the Soviet Union]] [[de:Rajon Schenkursk]] [[it:Šenkurskij rajon]] [[mk:Шенкурска област]] [[pl:Rejon szenkurski]] [[ru:Шенкурский район]] [[fi:Šenkurskin piiri]] [[uk:Шенкурський муніципальний район]] [[vi:Shenkursky (huyện)]]'