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'{{Infobox musical artist | name = Paul Gonsalves | image = | caption = Paul Gonsalves onstage in Copenhagen,<br>January 23, 1967 | image_size = | background = non_vocal_instrumentalist | birth_name = Paul Gonsalves | alias = | birth_date = {{birth date|1920|7|12}} | death_date = {{death date and age|1974|5|15|1920|7|12}} | death_place = [[London]], [[England]], [[UK]] |resting_place=[[Long Island National Cemetery]] [[Farmingdale, New York]] | origin = [[Brockton, Massachusetts]], [[United States|USA]] | instrument = [[Tenor Saxophone]] | genre = [[Jazz]]<br>[[Swing music|Swing]]<br>[[Bebop]] | occupation = [[Musician]] - [[Woodwinds]] | years_active = 1938–1974 | label = [[RCA Victor]]<br>[[Impulse Records]]<br>[[Riviera Records]]<br>[[Black Lion Records]] | associated_acts = Phil Edmonds,<br>[[Sabby Lewis Orchestra]],<br>[[Count Basie]],<br>[[Dizzy Gillespie]],<br>[[Duke Ellington]] | website = | current_members = | past_members = | notable_instruments = }} '''Paul Gonsalves''' ({{birth date|1920|7|12}} &ndash; {{death date |1974|5|15}}) was an American [[jazz]] [[saxophone|tenor saxophonist]]<ref>[http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/musician.php?id=7099 "Paul Gonsalves", Allaboutjazz.com.]</ref> best known for his association with [[Duke Ellington]]. At the 1956 [[Newport Jazz Festival]], Gonsalves played a 27-chorus solo in the middle of Ellington's "[[Diminuendo and Crescendo in Blue]]",<ref>[{{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p6589/biography|pure_url=yes}} Allmusic biography]</ref> a performance credited with revitalizing Ellington's waning career in the 1950s.<ref>Larson, Thomas E. [http://books.google.com/books?id=kfFgNABSuuUC&pg=PA106&dq=%22Paul+Gonsalves%22++died+OR+death+OR+dead&lr=&cd=32#v=onepage&q=%22Paul%20Gonsalves%22%20died%20OR%20death%20OR%20dead&f=false ''The History and Tradition of Jazz'', p. 106.] Google Books.</ref> ==Biography==BALLLLLLLLLLSSSSSSSSS Born in [[Brockton, Massachusetts|Brockton]], [[Massachusetts]], to [[Cape Verde]]an parents, Gonsalves' first instrument was the guitar, and as a child he was regularly asked to play Cape Verdean folk songs for his family. He grew up in [[New Bedford, Massachusetts]], and played as a member of the [[Sabby Lewis]] Orchestra. His first professional engagement in [[Boston]] was with the same group on [[tenor saxophone]], in which he played before and after his military service during [[World War II]].<ref> [[Carr, Ian]] and [[Digby Fairweather]], [[Brian Priestley]][http://books.google.com/books?id=I5wrGL-a-Q8C&pg=RA5-PT106&dq=%22Paul+Gonsalves%22++died+OR+death+OR+dead&lr=&cd=46#v=onepage&q=Gonsalves&f=false ''The Rough Guide to Jazz''.] Google Books.</ref> Before joining Duke Ellington's orchestra in 1950, he had also played in big bands led by [[Count Basie]] (1947–1949) and [[Dizzy Gillespie]] (1949–1950). At the 1956 [[Newport Jazz Festival]], Gonsalves' solo in Ellington's song "Diminuendo and Crescendo in Blue" went through 27 choruses; the publicity from this performance is credited with reviving Ellington's career.<ref> Martin, Henry and Keith Waters [http://books.google.com/books?id=kuz4EHH05I4C&pg=PT179&dq=%22Paul+Gonsalves%22++died+OR+death+OR+dead&lr=&cd=73#v=onepage&q=%22Paul%20Gonsalves%22%20died%20OR%20death%20OR%20dead&f=false ''Jazz: the first 100 years'', Cengage Learning, p. 150.] Google Books.</ref> The performance is captured on the album ''[[Ellington at Newport]]''. Gonsalves was a featured soloist in numerous Ellingtonian settings. He received the nickname "The Strolling Violins" from Ellington for playing solos while walking through the crowd.<ref>[http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PF4xAAAAIBAJ&sjid=M3MDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7162,2044447&dq=paul-gonsalves+died+%7C+death+%7C+dead&hl=en "Paul Gonsalves, Ellington band saxophonist," May 18, 1974.] ''[[St. Petersburg Times]]''</ref> Gonsalves died in [[London]] a few days before Duke Ellington's death, after a lifetime of addiction to alcohol and narcotics.<ref>''Downbeat'' magazine, 16 March 1961, page 11, reports "Ellingtonians arrested in Vegas" "Ray Nance, Willie Cook. Andrew (Fats) Ford as well as Paul Gonsalves...the sheriff's squad seized...heroin plus hypodermic needles, eye droppers and other paraphernalia of the narcotic user"</ref> [[Mercer Ellington]] refused to tell Duke of the passing of Gonsalves, fearing the shock might further accelerate his father's decline. Ellington and Gonsalves, along with trombonist [[Tyree Glenn]], lay side-by-side in the same New York funeral home for a period of time.<ref> Hasse, John Edward [http://books.google.com/books?id=kAvP43QuUyEC&pg=PA385&dq=%22Paul+Gonsalves%22++died+OR+death+OR+dead&lr=&cd=2#v=onepage&q=%22Paul%20Gonsalves%22%20died%20OR%20death%20OR%20dead&f=false ''Beyond Category: The Life and Genius of Duke Ellington'', Da Capo Press, p. 385.] Google Books.</ref> Gonsalves is buried at the [[Long Island National Cemetery]] in [[Farmingdale, New York]] ==Discography== ===As leader/co-leader=== * ''[[Cookin' (Paul Gonsalves)|Cookin']]'' (1957, [[Argo Records|Argo]]) * ''[[Diminuendo, Crescendo and Blues (Paul Gonsalves)|Diminuendo, Crescendo and Blues]]'' (1958, [[RCA Records|RCA Victor]]) * ''[[Ellingtonia Moods and Blues (Paul Gonsalves)|Ellingtonia Moods and Blues]]'' (1960, [[RCA Records|RCA Victor]]) * ''[[Gettin' Together (Paul Gonsalves)|Gettin' Together!]]'' (1961, [[Jazzland Records (American record label)|Jazzland Records]]) * ''[[Tenor Stuff]]'' (1961, [[Columbia Records|Columbia Lansdowne Jazz]]) - with [[Harold Ashby]] * ''[[Tell It the Way It Is! (Paul Gonsalves)|Tell It the Way It Is!]]'' (1963, [[Impulse! Records|Impulse]]) * ''[[Cleopatra - Feelin' Jazzy (Paul Gonsalves)|Cleopatra - Feelin' Jazzy]]'' (1963, [[Impulse! Records|Impulse]]) * ''[[Salt and Pepper (Paul Gonsalves)|Salt and Pepper]]'' (1963, [[Impulse! Records|Impulse]]) - with [[Sonny Stitt]] * ''[[Rare Paul Gonsalves Sextet in Europe (Paul Gonsalves)|Rare Paul Gonsalves Sextet in Europe]]'' (1963, [[Jazz Connoisseur]]) * ''[[Boom-Jackie-Boom-Chick (Paul Gonsalves)|Boom-Jackie-Boom-Chick]]'' (1964, [[Vocalion Records|Vocalion]]) * ''[[Just Friends (Paul Gonsalves)|Just Friends]]'' (1965, [[EMI|Columbia EMI]]) - with [[Tubby Hayes]] * ''[[Change of Setting (Paul Gonsalves)|Change of Setting]]'' (1965, [[World Record Club]]) - with [[Tubby Hayes]] * ''[[Jazz Till Midnight (Paul Gonsalves)|Jazz Till Midnight]]'' (1967, [[Storyville Records|Storyville]]) * ''[[Love Calls (Paul Gonsalves)|Love Calls]]'' (1967, [[RCA Records|RCA]]) - with [[Eddie Lockjaw Davis]] * ''[[Encuentro (Paul Gonsalves)|Encuentro]]'' (1968, [[Fresh Sound]]) * ''[[With the Swingers and the Four Bones (Paul Gonsalves)|With the Swingers and the Four Bones]]'' (1969, [[Riviera (record label)|Riviera]]) * ''[[Humming Bird (Paul Gonsalves)|Humming Bird]]'' (1970, [[Deram Records|Deram]]) * ''[[Just A-Sittin' and A-Rockin' (Paul Gonsalves)|Just A-Sittin' and A-Rockin']]'' (1970, [[Black Lion Records|Black Lion]]) * ''[[Paul Gonsalves and his All Stars (Paul Gonsalves)|Paul Gonsalves and his All Stars]]'' (1970, Riviera) * ''[[Paul Gonsalves Meets Earl Hines (Paul Gonsalves)|Paul Gonsalves Meets Earl Hines]]'' (1970, [[Black Lion Records|Black Lion]]) * ''[[Mexican Bandit Meets Pittsburgh Pirate (Paul Gonsalves)|Mexican Bandit Meets Pittsburgh Pirate]]'' (1973, [[Fantasy Records|Fantasy]]) * ''[[Paul Gonsalvez Paul Quinichette (Paul Gonsalves)|Paul Gonsalves Paul Quinichette]]'' (1974) '''With Duke Ellington''' {{Main|Duke Ellington discography}} *''[[Ellington at Newport]]'' (1957) '''With [[Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis]]''' *''[[Love Calls]]'' (RCA Victor, 1968) '''With [[Billy Taylor]]''' *''[[Taylor Made Jazz]]'' (Argo, 1959) '''With [[Clark Terry]]''' *''[[Duke with a Difference]]'' (Riverside, 1957) '''With [[Jimmy Woode]]''' *''[[The Colorful Strings of Jimmy Woode]]'' (Argo, 1957) ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * {{Discogs artist}} * [http://www.paulgonsalves.org Paul Gonsalves: official web site] {{Duke Ellington}} {{Authority control|VIAF=49408107}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gonsalves, Paul}} [[Category:Swing saxophonists]] [[Category:Bebop saxophonists]] [[Category:Mainstream jazz saxophonists]] [[Category:American jazz tenor saxophonists]] [[Category:Duke Ellington Orchestra members]] [[Category:Count Basie Orchestra members]] [[Category:1920 births]] [[Category:1974 deaths]] [[Category:American musicians of Cape Verdean descent]] [[Category:People from Brockton, Massachusetts]] [[Category:Impulse! Records artists]]'