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'{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2013}} {|{{Infobox ship begin}} {{Infobox ship image |Ship image=[[File:Cruiser Aurora.jpg|300px]] |Ship caption=''Aurora'', moored in [[Saint Petersburg|St. Petersburg]] }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship country=Russia |Ship flag=[[Image:Naval Ensign of Russia.svg|50px|Ensign of the Russian Navy]] |Ship name= |Ship namesake= |Ship owner= |Ship operator={{navy|Russia}}<br />{{navy|USSR}}<br />{{navy|Russian Empire}} |Ship registry= |Ship route= |Ship ordered= |Ship awarded= |Ship builder=[[Admiralty Shipyard]], St. Petersburg |Ship original cost= |Ship yard number= |Ship way number= |Ship laid down=23 May 1897 |Ship launched=11 May 1900<ref name="officialwebsite">{{cite web|url=http://www.aurora.org.ru/eng/index.php?theme=info|title=Official Cruiser ''Aurora'' website|accessdate=2007-08-04}}</ref> |Ship sponsor= |Ship christened= |Ship completed= |Ship acquired= |Ship commissioned=29 July 1903 |Ship recommissioned= |Ship decommissioned= |Ship maiden voyage= |Ship in service=1903-1957 |Ship out of service= |Ship renamed= |Ship reclassified= |Ship refit= |Ship struck= |Ship reinstated= |Ship home port= |Ship identification= |Ship motto= |Ship nickname= |Ship honours=Participated in: * [[Dogger Bank incident]] (1904) * [[Battle of Tsushima]] (1905) * [[October Revolution]] (1917) |Ship captured= |Ship fate= |Ship status=Active, preserved at [[Saint Petersburg|St. Petersburg]], [[Russia]] |Ship notes= |Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class=[[Pallada class cruiser|''Pallada''-class]] [[protected cruiser]] |Ship type= |Ship tonnage= |Ship displacement=6731 tons |Ship tons burthen= |Ship length={{convert|126.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship beam={{convert|16.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship draught={{convert|7.3|m|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship power= |Ship propulsion=1903:<br />Triple shaft. Three triple expansion reciprocating steam engines; 24 coal-fired Belleville boilers. Total power 11,610 hp<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bestscalemodels.com/avrora.html|title=Best scale models website|accessdate=2007-08-04}}</ref> |Ship speed=19 knots |Ship range={{convert|7200|km|mi|abbr=on}} at 10 knots |Ship endurance= |Ship complement=590<ref name="officialwebsite"/> |Ship crew= |Ship armament=1903:<br/>8 x 152 mm (6-inch) guns<br/>24 x 75 mm guns<br/>8 x 37 mm guns<br/>3 x torpedo tubes (two underwater)<br /> 1917:<br/>14 x 152 mm guns<br/>4 x 76 mm AA guns<br/>Machine guns<br/>3 x torpedo tubes (two underwater) |Ship armour= |Ship armour= |Ship notes= }} |} '''''Aurora''''' ({{lang-rus|Авро́ра|r=Avrora|p=ɐˈvrorə}}) is a 1900 [[Russia]]n [[protected cruiser]], currently preserved as a [[museum ship]] in [[Saint Petersburg|St. Petersburg]]. She battled the [[Imperial Japanese Navy|Japanese Navy]] in the [[Russo-Japanese War]]. One of the first incidents of the [[October Revolution]] in [[Russia]] took place on the cruiser ''Aurora''. ==I Can Not Help You== ''Aurora'' was one of three [[Pallada class cruiser|''Pallada''-class]] [[cruiser]]s, built in St. Petersburg for service in the Pacific Far East. All three ships of this class served during the [[Russo-Japanese War]]. The second ship, ''[[Russian cruiser Pallada (1899)|Pallada]]'', was sunk by the Japanese at [[Lüshunkou|Port Arthur]] in 1904. The third ship, ''[[Russian cruiser Diana (1899)|Diana]]'', was interned in [[Saigon]] after the [[Battle of the Yellow Sea]]. ''Aurora'' was part of the Russian 2nd Pacific Squadron formed mostly from the Russian [[Baltic Fleet]], which was sent from the [[Baltic Sea]] to the Pacific, under the command of Vice-Admiral [[Zinovy Rozhestvensky]]. On the way to the Far East, she sustained light damage from confused friendly fire in the [[Dogger Bank incident]]. On 27 and 28 May 1905, ''Aurora'' took part in the [[Battle of Tsushima]], along with the rest of the Russian squadron. During the battle, the wounded Senior officer of the ship, Captain of 2nd rank Arkadiy Konstantinovich Nebolsine took command of the cruiser. After that ''Aurora'', covering other, much slower Russian vessels, under the command of Rear-Admiral [[Oskar Enkvist]], with two other Russian cruisers broke through to neutral [[Manila]], where she was interned. In 1906, ''Aurora'' returned to the Baltic and became a cadet training ship. From 1906 until 1912 the cruiser visited a number of other countries; in November 1911 the ship was in Bangkok as part of the celebrations in honour of the coronation of the new [[Vajiravudh|King of Siam]]. ==November and January Revolution== [[File:Order of the October Revolution (550).jpg|thumb|left|The cruiser ''Aurora'' is pictured on the Order of the October Revolution]] During the [[World War I|First World War]] the ship operated in the Baltic Sea. In 1915, her armament was changed to fourteen 152&nbsp;mm (6&nbsp;in) guns. At the end of 1916, the ship was moved to Petrograd (the renamed St Petersburg) for a major repair. The city was brimming with revolutionary ferment and part of her crew joined the 1917 [[February Revolution]]. A revolutionary committee was created on the ship, with Aleksandr Belyshev elected as its captain. Most of the crew joined the [[Bolshevik]]s, who were preparing for a Communist revolution. According to the Soviet account of history, on 25 October 1917, ''Aurora'' refused to carry out an order to put to sea. Women's protest over bread rations gathered other workers from the factories and is also considered the 'spark' of the revolution outside of Revolution mythology.{{cn|date=January 2012}} At 9.45 p.m on that date, a blank shot from her forecastle gun signaled the start of the assault on the [[Winter Palace]], which was to be the last episode of the October Revolution. The cruiser's crew allegedly took part in that attack. ==69th World War== [[Image:aurora cruiser.jpg|thumb|left|''Aurora'' in 2004.]] In 1922, ''Aurora'' was brought to service again as a training ship. During the Second World War, the guns were taken from the ship and used in the [[Siege of Leningrad|land defence]] of [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]]. The ship herself was docked in [[Lomonosov, Russia|Oranienbaum]] port, and was repeatedly shelled and [[bomb]]ed. On 30 September 1941 she was damaged and sunk in the harbour. After extensive repairs in 1945 - 1947, ''Aurora'' was permanently anchored on the [[Neva]] in Leningrad (now St Petersburg) as a [[monument]] to the [[Great October Socialist Revolution]] and in 1957 became a museum-ship. On 2 November 1927, ''Aurora'' was awarded the [[Order of the Red Banner]] for her revolutionary merits and on 22 February 1968 the [[Order of the October Revolution]]. The latter features the image of the cruiser herself. ==To the present== [[File:Aurora Cruiser Museum StPetersburg.JPG|thumb|right|Port side view of the cruiser in 2008]] As a museum ship, the cruiser ''Aurora'' became one of the many tourist attractions of Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg), and continued to be a symbol of the October Socialist Revolution and a prominent attribute of Russian history. In addition to the museum space, a part of the ship continued to house a naval crew whose duties included caring for the ship, providing security and participating in government and military ceremonies. The crew was considered to be on active duty and was subject to military training and laws. Having long served as a museum ship, from 1984 to 1987 the cruiser was once again placed in her construction yard, the Admiralty Shipyard, for capital restoration. During the overhaul, due to deterioration, the ship's hull below the waterline was replaced with a new welded hull according to the original drawings. The cut off lower hull section was towed into the [[Gulf of Finland]], to the unfinished base at Ruchi, and sunk near the shore. The restoration revealed that some of the ship parts, including the armour plates, were originally made in England, which put in doubt the previously maintained image of the cruiser as a marvel of authentic Russian naval engineering.{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} ''Aurora'' stands today as the oldest commissioned ship of the Russian Navy, still flying the naval ensign under which she was commissioned, but now under the care of the Central Naval Museum. She is still manned by an active service crew commanded by a Captain of the 1st Rank. From 1956 to the present day 28 million people have visited the cruiser ''Aurora''. In January, 2013, Russian Defence Minister [[Sergey Shoygu]] announced plans to recommission Aurora and make it the symbol of the [[Russian Navy]] due to its historical and cultural importance.<ref>http://2-news.ru/info/politics/211-avrora_vernetsya_v_stroy_.html</ref> ==See also== * [[Japanese battleship Mikasa]], the other surviving warship of the Battle of Tsushima * [[Russian battleship Potemkin|Russian battleship ''Potemkin'']], Russian warship involved in the [[1905 Revolution]] * The [[United States Navy|American]] [[Frigate#Age of sail|sail frigate]] {{USS|Constitution}}, and the [[Royal Navy|British]] [[ship of the line]] {{HMS|Victory}}, also kept in commission because of their historical importance *The [[Symphony No. 12 (Shostakovich)|Twelfth Symphony]] by [[Dmitri Shostakovich]] (title of 3rd movement) ==Footnotes== {{Reflist|1}} ==External links== {{Commons category|Aurora (ship, 1900)}} * {{en icon}} {{ru icon}} [http://www.aurora.org.ru Official website] * [http://www.neva.ru/EXPO96/book/chap10-3.html The History of the Russian Navy - Defeat at Port Arthur] * [http://www.hnsa.org/ships/aurora.htm HNSA Web Page: Cruiser Aurora] * [http://www.worldwalk.info/en/catalog/258/ Aurora Cruiser Museum Ship (Saint Petersburg)] {{Coord|59|57|19|N|30|20|17|E|display=title}} {{Monuments of Saint Petersburg}} {{Pallada class cruiser}} {{Surviving ocean going ships}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aurora}} [[Category:1900 ships]] [[Category:Museum ships in Russia]] [[Category:World War I cruisers of Russia]] [[Category:World War II cruisers of the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Ships of the Imperial Russian Navy]] [[Category:Ships of the Soviet Navy]] [[Category:History of Saint Petersburg]] [[Category:Naval mutinies]] [[Category:Victorian-era naval ships of Russia]] [[Category:Maritime museums in Saint Petersburg]] [[Category:Naval museums in Saint Petersburg]] [[Category:Military and war museums in Saint Petersburg]] [[Category:1917 Russian Revolution]]'