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{{Multiple issues|{{refimprove|date=January 2022}}{{more footnotes|date=January 2022}}{{unreliable sources|date=January 2022}}}}
{{Multiple issues|{{more citations needed|date=January 2022}}{{more footnotes|date=January 2022}}{{unreliable sources|date=January 2022}}}}


{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
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| citizenship =
| citizenship =
| occupation = [[Politician]]
| occupation = [[Politician]]
| known_for = [[Bengali language movement]]
| known_for = [[Bengali language movement]]<ref>{{cite book|language=bn|title=ভাষা আন্দোলনে সিলেট|page=33|author=Mohammad, Tajul|year=1994|publisher=Sahitya Prakashan}}</ref>
| successor =
| successor =
| party =
| party =
| spouse = Dewan Abdur Rahim Chowdhury
| spouse = Dewan Abdur Rahim Chowdhury
| children = 1
| children = 9
| website =
| website =
| signature =
| signature =
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury''' ({{Langx|bn|জোবেদা খানম চৌধুরী}}; 1901–1986), also known as '''Zobeda Rahim Chowdhury''' ({{Langx|bn|জোবেদা রহিম চৌধুরী}}),<ref>{{cite book|title=সিলেট অঞ্চলের শিক্ষাঙ্গন: অতীত ও বর্তমান|language=bn|author=Mohanta, Rasamay|year=1990|publisher=Sarasvatī Mohānta|pages=3, 42}}</ref> was one among the leading woman who partook in the [[Bengali language movement]] from Sylhet<ref>{{Cite news|script-title=bn:মায়ের ভাষার সংগ্রাম ও ভাষা সৈনিক|language=bn|work=Dainik Azadi|url=http://www.dainikazadi.org/details2.php?news_id=784&table=february2014&date=2014-02-07&page_id=23|access-date=22 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192122/http://www.dainikazadi.org/details2.php?news_id=784&table=february2014&date=2014-02-07&page_id=23|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Kali, Taslima|date=24 February 2021|title=ভাষা আন্দোলনের বরণীয় তিন নারী|language=bn|trans-title=Three women of the language movement|work=[[Sylheter Dak]]|url=https://sylheterdak.com.bd/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=28 February 2021|title=সৈয়দা শাহার বানু : অকুতোভয় এক ভাষাসৈনিক|language=bn|url=https://www.womennews24.com/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95/20861}}</ref> and a pioneering [[Women in Bangladesh|women in Bangladeshi politics]].<ref>{{cite news |author=Siddiq, Abu Bakr |date=1 December 2015 |title=সিলেট সরকারি মহিলা কলেজ —– ৭৫ বছরের আলোকবর্তিকা |language=bn |work=Dainik Jalalabad |url=http://www.dainikjalalabad.com/2013/12/01/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C-%E0%A7%AD/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304223340/http://www.dainikjalalabad.com/2013/12/01/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C-%E0%A7%AD/ |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
'''Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury''' ({{Lang-bn|জোবেদা খানম চৌধুরী}}; 1901–1986) was a leading woman of the [[Bengali language movement]] and one of the pioneering [[Women in Bangladesh|women in Bangladeshi politics]].


== Early life and education ==
== Early life and education ==
Zobeda Khanom was born in 1901, to a [[Bengali Muslims|Bengali Muslim]] family in [[Jorhat]], [[Assam]]. Her father was [[Khan Bahadur]] Sharafat Ali and her mother was Nurjahan Begum. The family were originally from [[Sylhet Division|Sylhet]] in [[Bengal]], but Ali had moved to Assam for employment.
Zobeda Khanom was born in 1901, to a [[Bengali Muslims|Bengali Muslim]] family in [[Jorhat]], [[Assam]]. Her father was [[Khan Bahadur]] Sharafat Ali Choudhury and her mother was Nurjahan Begum. The family were originally from Shilghat, [[Golapganj Upazila|Golapganj]] in [[Sylhet Division|Sylhet]],<ref>{{cite book|page=38|language=bn|title=হবিগঞ্জের মুসলিম মানস|author=Kamal, Syed Mostafa|year=1991|publisher=Mohammad Afzal}}</ref> but Choudhury had moved to Assam for employment. Her education began in [[Dibrugarh]], also in Assam, where her father was working at the time. She then enrolled at the [[Eden Mohila College]] in [[Dacca]], where she became the college's first female Muslim student.<ref name=bhor/>


⚫
In 1928, the Sylhet Muslim Students Conference was held, which was attended by the likes of [[Kazi Nazrul Islam|Qazi Nazrul Islam]], [[A. K. Fazlul Huq|AK Fazlul Huq]], and [[Muhammad Shahidullah]].<ref name=bhor/> She first became the president of the Sylhet District Women's Congress and later left the party and became the president of the Sylhet District Women's Muslim League in 1943.<ref>{{Cite web|script-title=bn:ভাষা আন্দোলনে সিলেটের নারী সমাজের ভূমিকা|url=http://www.sylhetexpress.com/lekhalekhiNew.php?getNewsid=38068&writerID=3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150327075505/http://www.sylhetexpress.com/lekhalekhiNew.php?getNewsid=38068&writerID=3|archive-date=27 March 2015|access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
Her education began in [[Dibrugarh]], also in Assam, where her father was working at the time. She then enrolled at the [[Eden Mohila College]] in [[Dacca]], where she became the college's first female Muslim student.


⚫
In 1919, her father arranged for her to marry Dewan Abdur Rahim Chowdhury, who was a member of the [[Assam Legislative Council]]. They had five sons and four daughters.<ref name=bhor/>
⚫
In 1928, the Sylhet Muslim Students Conference was held, which was attended by the likes of [[Kazi Nazrul Islam|Qazi Nazrul Islam]], [[A. K. Fazlul Huq|AK Fazlul Huq]], and [[Muhammad Shahidullah]]. She first became the president of the Sylhet District Women's Congress and later left the party and became the president of the Sylhet District Women's Muslim League in 1943.<ref>{{Cite web|script-title=bn:ভাষা আন্দোলনে সিলেটের নারী সমাজের ভূমিকা|url=http://www.sylhetexpress.com/lekhalekhiNew.php?getNewsid=38068&writerID=3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150327075505/http://www.sylhetexpress.com/lekhalekhiNew.php?getNewsid=38068&writerID=3|archive-date=27 March 2015|access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>

⚫
In 1919, her father arranged for her to marry Dewan Abdur Rahim Chowdhury, who was a member of the [[Assam Legislative Council]]. They had five sons and four daughters.


== Political activism ==
== Political activism ==
She was the leader of Sylhet Womans Association.


Demanding to make Bengali the state language, the women of Sylhet district met the Minister of Communications at the beginning of the language movement in 1948 and later handed over a memorandum to the then Prime Minister of East Bengal. Here she played a leading role. After sending this memorandum, they came under pressure in various ways. At that time, the Eastern Herald, a pro-Urdu newspaper in Sylhet, in its editorial, made indecent remarks about the leader Zobeda Khanom and the memorandum. Syeda Najibunnesa Khatun, another great language activist, protested against this indecent statement. She said in a protest note published in the March 12 issue of the weekly Nau-Belal: "Those that despite being Bengali-speakers of East Pakistan oppose their mother tongue are treacherous children... In what way are the non-Urdu-speaking Muslims of Sylhet inferior in observing the rules of Islam than those proficient in Urdu? On the contrary, the conscious people have expressed the view that culture and heritage deserve a prominent place among the Muslims of Sylhet in the whole of East Pakistan."{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}
Demanding to make Bengali the state language, the women of Sylhet district met the Minister of Communications at the beginning of the language movement in 1948 and later handed over a memorandum to the then Prime Minister of East Bengal. Here she played a leading role. After sending this memorandum, they came under pressure in various ways. At that time, the Eastern Herald, a pro-[[Urdu]] newspaper in Sylhet, in its editorial, made indecent remarks about the leader Zobeda Khanom and the memorandum. Syeda Najibunnesa Khatun, another great language activist, protested against this indecent statement. She said in a protest note published in the March 12 issue of the weekly Nau-Belal: "Those that despite being Bengali-speakers of East Pakistan oppose their mother tongue are treacherous children... In what way are the non-Urdu-speaking Muslims of Sylhet inferior in observing the rules of Islam than those [[Urdu-speaking people|proficient in Urdu]]? On the contrary, the conscious people have expressed the view that culture and heritage deserve a prominent place among the Muslims of Sylhet in the whole of East Pakistan."{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}


[[Tamaddun Majlish]] founder [[Abul Kashem]] also sent a letter to Zobeda Khanom, expressing the Majlish's gratitude to her activism in Sylhet and giving her a sense of hope in response to the indecent media backlash.
[[Tamaddun Majlish]] founder [[Abul Kashem]] also sent a letter to Zobeda Khanom, expressing the Majlish's gratitude to her activism in Sylhet and giving her a sense of hope in response to the indecent media backlash.


The Bengalis were outraged when Urdu was declared the state language of Pakistan at the Race Course Ground in Dhaka by [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], the founder of [[Pakistan]], and at the convocation ceremony of Dhaka University on March 24. In this time, Zobeda Khanom sent a letter to Jinnah requesting Bengali to be given status. Her son, Ahmad Kabir Chowdhury, also took part in the language movement. He was killed during a police firing at a student protest on 21 February (now recognised as [[International Mother Language Day]]). Zobeda Khanom was one of the members of the Sylhet Regional All-Parties State Language Council.<ref>{{Cite news |script-title=bn:মায়ের ভাষার সংগ্রাম ও ভাষা সৈনিক|url=http://www.dainikazadi.org/details2.php?news_id=784&table=february2014&date=2014-02-07&page_id=23 |work=Dainik Azadi |language=bn |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192122/http://www.dainikazadi.org/details2.php?news_id=784&table=february2014&date=2014-02-07&page_id=23|archive-date=4 March 2016|access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
The [[Bengalis]] were outraged when Urdu was declared the [[state language]] of Pakistan at the [[Ramna Race Course]] Ground in [[Dhaka]] by [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], the founder of [[Pakistan]], and at the convocation ceremony of [[Dhaka University]] on March 24. In this time, Zobeda Khanom sent a letter to Jinnah requesting Bengali to be given status. Her son, Ahmad Kabir Chowdhury, also took part in the language movement. He was killed during a police firing at a student protest on 21 February (now recognised as [[International Mother Language Day]]). Zobeda Khanom was one of the many members of the Sylhet Regional All-Parties State Language Council.


== Death ==
== Death ==
Zobeda Khanom died in [[Bangladesh]] in 1986.<ref name=bhor>{{cite news|url=https://www.bhorerkagoj.com/2019/02/27/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80/|language=bn|title=জোবেদা খানম চৌধুরী|trans-title=Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury|date=27 February 2019|author1=Mahbub, M.R.|author2=Nasir Uddin, Salek}}{{pb}}A rough translation is at {{Cite web|last=Mahbub|first=M. R.|date=2020-02-21|title=Jobeda Khanam Chowdhury: Rallying the women of the north-east|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/amar-ekushey-2020/news/jobeda-khanam-chowdhury-rallying-the-women-the-north-east-1871047|access-date=2022-01-18|website=The Daily Star|language=en}}{{pb}}Both extracted from {{Cite book|last=Mahbub|first=M R|title=Jara Amar Bhasha Shongrame|year=2012|language=bn}}</ref>
Zobeda Khanom died in [[Bangladesh]] in 1986.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}


== See also ==
== See also ==
Line 49: Line 48:
{{Reflist}} 
{{Reflist}} 


{{Bengali Language Movement}}
== Further reading ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304223340/http://www.dainikjalalabad.com/2013/12/01/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C-%E0%A7%AD/ Dainik Jalalabad]


{{DEFAULTSORT:Khanom Chowdhury, Zobeda}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Khanom Chowdhury, Zobeda}}
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[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:Bengali language movement activists]]
[[Category:Bengali language movement activists]]
[[Category:People from Sylhet Division]]
[[Category:People from Nabiganj Upazila]]
[[Category:20th-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:20th-century Bengalis]]

Latest revision as of 19:40, 21 November 2024

Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury
জোবেদা খানম চৌধুরী
Born1901
Jorhat, Assam, British Raj
Died1986
Bangladesh
OccupationPolitician
Known forBengali language movement[1]
SpouseDewan Abdur Rahim Chowdhury
Children9

Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury (Bengali: জোবেদা খানম চৌধুরী; 1901–1986), also known as Zobeda Rahim Chowdhury (Bengali: জোবেদা রহিম চৌধুরী),[2] was one among the leading woman who partook in the Bengali language movement from Sylhet[3][4][5] and a pioneering women in Bangladeshi politics.[6]

Early life and education

[edit]

Zobeda Khanom was born in 1901, to a Bengali Muslim family in Jorhat, Assam. Her father was Khan Bahadur Sharafat Ali Choudhury and her mother was Nurjahan Begum. The family were originally from Shilghat, Golapganj in Sylhet,[7] but Choudhury had moved to Assam for employment. Her education began in Dibrugarh, also in Assam, where her father was working at the time. She then enrolled at the Eden Mohila College in Dacca, where she became the college's first female Muslim student.[8]

In 1928, the Sylhet Muslim Students Conference was held, which was attended by the likes of Qazi Nazrul Islam, AK Fazlul Huq, and Muhammad Shahidullah.[8] She first became the president of the Sylhet District Women's Congress and later left the party and became the president of the Sylhet District Women's Muslim League in 1943.[9]

In 1919, her father arranged for her to marry Dewan Abdur Rahim Chowdhury, who was a member of the Assam Legislative Council. They had five sons and four daughters.[8]

Political activism

[edit]

She was the leader of Sylhet Womans Association.

Demanding to make Bengali the state language, the women of Sylhet district met the Minister of Communications at the beginning of the language movement in 1948 and later handed over a memorandum to the then Prime Minister of East Bengal. Here she played a leading role. After sending this memorandum, they came under pressure in various ways. At that time, the Eastern Herald, a pro-Urdu newspaper in Sylhet, in its editorial, made indecent remarks about the leader Zobeda Khanom and the memorandum. Syeda Najibunnesa Khatun, another great language activist, protested against this indecent statement. She said in a protest note published in the March 12 issue of the weekly Nau-Belal: "Those that despite being Bengali-speakers of East Pakistan oppose their mother tongue are treacherous children... In what way are the non-Urdu-speaking Muslims of Sylhet inferior in observing the rules of Islam than those proficient in Urdu? On the contrary, the conscious people have expressed the view that culture and heritage deserve a prominent place among the Muslims of Sylhet in the whole of East Pakistan."[citation needed]

Tamaddun Majlish founder Abul Kashem also sent a letter to Zobeda Khanom, expressing the Majlish's gratitude to her activism in Sylhet and giving her a sense of hope in response to the indecent media backlash.

The Bengalis were outraged when Urdu was declared the state language of Pakistan at the Ramna Race Course Ground in Dhaka by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, and at the convocation ceremony of Dhaka University on March 24. In this time, Zobeda Khanom sent a letter to Jinnah requesting Bengali to be given status. Her son, Ahmad Kabir Chowdhury, also took part in the language movement. He was killed during a police firing at a student protest on 21 February (now recognised as International Mother Language Day). Zobeda Khanom was one of the many members of the Sylhet Regional All-Parties State Language Council.

Death

[edit]

Zobeda Khanom died in Bangladesh in 1986.[8]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Mohammad, Tajul (1994). ভাষা আন্দোলনে সিলেট (in Bengali). Sahitya Prakashan. p. 33.
  2. ^ Mohanta, Rasamay (1990). সিলেট অঞ্চলের শিক্ষাঙ্গন: অতীত ও বর্তমান (in Bengali). Sarasvatī Mohānta. pp. 3, 42.
  3. ^ মায়ের ভাষার সংগ্রাম ও ভাষা সৈনিক. Dainik Azadi (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2015.
  4. ^ Kali, Taslima (24 February 2021). "ভাষা আন্দোলনের বরণীয় তিন নারী" [Three women of the language movement]. Sylheter Dak (in Bengali).
  5. ^ "সৈয়দা শাহার বানু : অকুতোভয় এক ভাষাসৈনিক" (in Bengali). 28 February 2021.
  6. ^ Siddiq, Abu Bakr (1 December 2015). "সিলেট সরকারি মহিলা কলেজ —– ৭৫ বছরের আলোকবর্তিকা". Dainik Jalalabad (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  7. ^ Kamal, Syed Mostafa (1991). হবিগঞ্জের মুসলিম মানস (in Bengali). Mohammad Afzal. p. 38.
  8. ^ a b c d Mahbub, M.R.; Nasir Uddin, Salek (27 February 2019). "জোবেদা খানম চৌধুরী" [Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury] (in Bengali).
    A rough translation is at Mahbub, M. R. (2020-02-21). "Jobeda Khanam Chowdhury: Rallying the women of the north-east". The Daily Star. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
    Both extracted from Mahbub, M R (2012). Jara Amar Bhasha Shongrame (in Bengali).
  9. ^ ভাষা আন্দোলনে সিলেটের নারী সমাজের ভূমিকা. Archived from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 22 February 2015.

 

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