Networker (train): Difference between revisions
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Networker was originally intended to become one of the largest families of trains, bigger even than the largely [[British Rail Mark 3|Mark 3]]-based ''Second Generation''.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} However, due to the [[Early 1990s recession|recession in the early 1990s]] and the [[privatisation of British Rail]] from 1994, around 340 trains were built, substantially less than originally planned.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
Networker was originally intended to become one of the largest families of trains, bigger even than the largely [[British Rail Mark 3|Mark 3]]-based ''Second Generation''.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} However, due to the [[Early 1990s recession|recession in the early 1990s]] and the [[privatisation of British Rail]] from 1994, around 340 trains were built, substantially less than originally planned.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
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== |
== Variants == |
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=== |
=== Diesel multiple units === |
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==== Class 165 ==== |
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{{main|British Rail Class 165}} |
{{main|British Rail Class 165}} |
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[[File:165032 B London Marylebone.JPG|thumb|A Class 165 at [[Marylebone station|London Marylebone]] in [[Chiltern Railways]] livery]] |
[[File:165032 B London Marylebone.JPG|thumb|A Class 165 at [[Marylebone station|London Marylebone]] in [[Chiltern Railways]] livery]] |
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The Class 165 is a 2- and 3-car [[diesel multiple unit]] (DMU), built for outer suburban workings. Thirty-nine units were built for the Chiltern subdivision of Network SouthEast in 1990 and 1991 (Class 165/0), and thirty-seven for the Thames subdivision in 1992 (Class 165/1). Since privatisation, the 165/0 units have been operated by [[Chiltern Railways]], while the 165/1 units have been operated by [[Thames Trains]], [[First Great Western Link]], First Great Western and [[Great Western Railway (train operating company)|Great Western Railway]] in turn.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
The Class 165 is a 2- and 3-car [[diesel multiple unit]] (DMU), built for outer suburban workings. Thirty-nine units were built for the Chiltern subdivision of Network SouthEast in 1990 and 1991 (Class 165/0), and thirty-seven for the Thames subdivision in 1992 (Class 165/1). Since privatisation, the 165/0 units have been operated by [[Chiltern Railways]], while the 165/1 units have been operated by [[Thames Trains]], [[First Great Western Link]], First Great Western and [[Great Western Railway (train operating company)|Great Western Railway]] in turn.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
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=== Class 166 === |
==== Class 166 ==== |
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{{main|British Rail Class 166}} |
{{main|British Rail Class 166}} |
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[[File:Caerdydd Canolog - GWR 166219.JPG|thumb|A Class 166 at [[Cardiff Central railway station|Cardiff Central]] in [[Great Western Railway (train operating company)|Great Western Railway]] livery]] |
[[File:Caerdydd Canolog - GWR 166219.JPG|thumb|A Class 166 at [[Cardiff Central railway station|Cardiff Central]] in [[Great Western Railway (train operating company)|Great Western Railway]] livery]] |
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The Class 166 is a faster, air-conditioned variant of the Class 165, built for main line workings. Twenty-one 3-car units were built for the Thames and North Downs subdivisions of Network SouthEast in 1992 and 1993.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
The Class 166 is a faster, air-conditioned variant of the Class 165, built for main line workings. Twenty-one 3-car units were built for the Thames and North Downs subdivisions of Network SouthEast in 1992 and 1993.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
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=== Electric multiple units === |
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== EMUs == |
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=== Classes 316 and 457 === |
==== Classes 316 and 457 ==== |
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{{main|British Rail Classes 316 and 457}} |
{{main|British Rail Classes 316 and 457}} |
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These designations applied to a single four-car [[electric multiple unit]] (EMU), converted from former [[British Rail Class 210|Class 210]] carriages, that was used as a research prototype. The unit was numbered as a Class 457 unit for trials with power from 750 V [[direct current]] (DC) [[third rail]] on [[Southern Region of British Railways|Southern Region]] lines, then as a Class 316 unit for trials with power from 25 kV [[alternating current]] (AC) [[overhead line]] equipment on lines north of the [[River Thames]], for which one of its intermediate carriages was replaced with a [[British Rail Class 313|Class 313]] pantograph trailer. |
These designations applied to a single four-car [[electric multiple unit]] (EMU), converted from former [[British Rail Class 210|Class 210]] carriages, that was used as a research prototype. The unit was numbered as a Class 457 unit for trials with power from 750 V [[direct current]] (DC) [[third rail]] on [[Southern Region of British Railways|Southern Region]] lines, then as a Class 316 unit for trials with power from 25 kV [[alternating current]] (AC) [[overhead line]] equipment on lines north of the [[River Thames]], for which one of its intermediate carriages was replaced with a [[British Rail Class 313|Class 313]] pantograph trailer. |
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=== Class 365 === |
==== Class 365 ==== |
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{{main|British Rail Class 365}} |
{{main|British Rail Class 365}} |
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[[File:Class 365 Networker Express in Great Northern livery by Hugh Llewelyn.jpg|thumb|A Class 365 at [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]] in [[Govia Thameslink Railway|Great Northern]] livery]] |
[[File:Class 365 Networker Express in Great Northern livery by Hugh Llewelyn.jpg|thumb|A Class 365 at [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]] in [[Govia Thameslink Railway|Great Northern]] livery]] |
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The Class 365 was a dual-voltage EMU. The train was ordered in 1993, following a financial battle between NSE and InterCity for investment.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|124–125}} Forty-one 4-car units were built from 1994 to 1995,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Class 365 Electric Multiple Unit |url=http://www.eversholtrail.co.uk/downloads/Eversholt_Rail_365_Data_Sheet.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902163949/https://www.eversholtrail.co.uk/upload/class-365.pdf |archive-date=2 September 2018 |access-date=27 June 2021 |publisher=Eversholt Rail Group }}</ref> the first sixteen fitted with pick-up shoes for power from 750 V DC third rail on services between London and Kent,<ref>Connex South Eastern: Train Operating Manual Classes 365, 465, 466. p.A.9 (Class 365 Unit Formation) January 1998. Retrieved 14 February 2011.</ref> and the other twenty-five fitted with pantographs for power from 25 kV AC overhead line equipment on services on the [[East Coast Main Line]] from [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]] to [[Peterborough railway station|Peterborough]] and [[King's Lynn railway station|King's Lynn]]. After use by a variety of operators, Great Northern withdrew its Class 365 fleet on 15 May 2021,<ref>{{Cite tweet |author=Great Northern |author-link=Great Northern route |user=GNRailUK |number=1393464112722624512 |date=15 May 2021 |title=Today We Bid Farewell to Our Class 365s |access-date=30 August 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Farewell Service Sees Last Last {{Sic|nolink=y}} Great Northern Class 365 out of London King's Cross |url=https://www.railadvent.co.uk/2021/05/farewell-service-sees-last-last-great-northern-class-365-out-of-london-kings-cross.html |website=RailAdvent |date=22 May 2021 |access-date=3 September 2021 }}</ref> and the fleet was subsequently scrapped.<ref name="Rail Express 2022">{{cite magazine |last=Russell |first=David |title=Farewell Class 365 |url=https://www.railexpress.co.uk/11677/farewell-class-365/ |magazine=[[Rail Express]] |publisher=[[Mortons Media Group]] |place=Horncastle |issue=314 |date=July 2022 |pages=82–84 |access-date=23 February 2023 }}</ref> |
The Class 365 was a dual-voltage EMU. The train was ordered in 1993, following a financial battle between NSE and InterCity for investment.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|124–125}} Forty-one 4-car units were built from 1994 to 1995,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Class 365 Electric Multiple Unit |url=http://www.eversholtrail.co.uk/downloads/Eversholt_Rail_365_Data_Sheet.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902163949/https://www.eversholtrail.co.uk/upload/class-365.pdf |archive-date=2 September 2018 |access-date=27 June 2021 |publisher=Eversholt Rail Group }}</ref> the first sixteen fitted with pick-up shoes for power from 750 V DC third rail on services between London and Kent,<ref>Connex South Eastern: Train Operating Manual Classes 365, 465, 466. p.A.9 (Class 365 Unit Formation) January 1998. Retrieved 14 February 2011.</ref> and the other twenty-five fitted with pantographs for power from 25 kV AC overhead line equipment on services on the [[East Coast Main Line]] from [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]] to [[Peterborough railway station|Peterborough]] and [[King's Lynn railway station|King's Lynn]]. After use by a variety of operators, Great Northern withdrew its Class 365 fleet on 15 May 2021,<ref>{{Cite tweet |author=Great Northern |author-link=Great Northern route |user=GNRailUK |number=1393464112722624512 |date=15 May 2021 |title=Today We Bid Farewell to Our Class 365s |access-date=30 August 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Farewell Service Sees Last Last {{Sic|nolink=y}} Great Northern Class 365 out of London King's Cross |url=https://www.railadvent.co.uk/2021/05/farewell-service-sees-last-last-great-northern-class-365-out-of-london-kings-cross.html |website=RailAdvent |date=22 May 2021 |access-date=3 September 2021 }}</ref> and the fleet was subsequently scrapped.<ref name="Rail Express 2022">{{cite magazine |last=Russell |first=David |title=Farewell Class 365 |url=https://www.railexpress.co.uk/11677/farewell-class-365/ |magazine=[[Rail Express]] |publisher=[[Mortons Media Group]] |place=Horncastle |issue=314 |date=July 2022 |pages=82–84 |access-date=23 February 2023 }}</ref> |
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=== Class 465 === |
==== Class 465 ==== |
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{{main|British Rail Class 465}} |
{{main|British Rail Class 465}} |
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[[File:20200916 Southeastern 465152.jpg|thumb|A class 465 in [[Southeastern (train operating company 2006–2021)|Southeastern]] livery in 2020]] |
[[File:20200916 Southeastern 465152.jpg|thumb|A class 465 in [[Southeastern (train operating company 2006–2021)|Southeastern]] livery in 2020]] |
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The Class 465 is a four-car EMU, powered from 750 V DC third rail. They were built by [[British Rail Engineering Limited]] (465/0), [[ABB Group|ABB]] (465/1), and [[Metro Cammell]] (465/2) in slightly different versions. Used by [[Network SouthEast]], upon privatisation they passed to [[Connex South Eastern]], then to [[South Eastern Trains]] then to [[Southeastern (train operating company 2006–2021)|Southeastern]] and are currently operated by [[SE Trains]]. |
The Class 465 is a four-car EMU, powered from 750 V DC third rail. They were built by [[British Rail Engineering Limited]] (465/0), [[ABB Group|ABB]] (465/1), and [[Metro Cammell]] (465/2) in slightly different versions. Used by [[Network SouthEast]], upon privatisation they passed to [[Connex South Eastern]], then to [[South Eastern Trains]] then to [[Southeastern (train operating company 2006–2021)|Southeastern]] and are currently operated by [[SE Trains]]. |
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=== Class 466 === |
==== Class 466 ==== |
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{{main|British Rail Class 466}} |
{{main|British Rail Class 466}} |
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[[File:Reliveried Class 466034.jpg|thumb|A 466 in Southeastern livery at [[Sheerness-on-Sea railway station]] in 2011]] |
[[File:Reliveried Class 466034.jpg|thumb|A 466 in Southeastern livery at [[Sheerness-on-Sea railway station]] in 2011]] |
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The Class 466 is a two-car EMU. It is powered from 750 V DC third rail and used extensively in multiple with 4-car 465s to provide 6-car and 10-car formations. 43 units were built between 1993 and 1994 by Metro Cammell (who built the 465/2s) using GEC traction. The arrival of [[British Rail Class 376|Class 376 Electrostar]] trains saw some units move to rural lines to operate 2-car shuttles, displacing half of the [[British Rail Class 508|Class 508s]]. |
The Class 466 is a two-car EMU. It is powered from 750 V DC third rail and used extensively in multiple with 4-car 465s to provide 6-car and 10-car formations. 43 units were built between 1993 and 1994 by Metro Cammell (who built the 465/2s) using GEC traction. The arrival of [[British Rail Class 376|Class 376 Electrostar]] trains saw some units move to rural lines to operate 2-car shuttles, displacing half of the [[British Rail Class 508|Class 508s]]. |
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== Unbuilt == |
=== Unbuilt === |
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=== Class 171 === |
==== Class 171 ==== |
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Class 171 was a long distance DMU that was proposed but never built. Originally, around seventy 'Turbo Express' trains were planned for long distance, unelectrified routes. However, [[Regional Railways]] had over-ordered [[British Rail Class 158|Class 158]] trains, and NSE agreed to take on the surplus units, introducing them from 1993 as [[British Rail Class 159|Class 159 South Western Turbos]]. Therefore, Class 171 trains were no longer required.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
Class 171 was a long distance DMU that was proposed but never built. Originally, around seventy 'Turbo Express' trains were planned for long distance, unelectrified routes. However, [[Regional Railways]] had over-ordered [[British Rail Class 158|Class 158]] trains, and NSE agreed to take on the surplus units, introducing them from 1993 as [[British Rail Class 159|Class 159 South Western Turbos]]. Therefore, Class 171 trains were no longer required.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
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=== Class 331 and 332 === |
==== Class 331 and 332 ==== |
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Class 331 and 332 were two middle distance EMU types that were proposed and never built. 300 Class 331 'Networker LT&S' carriages were planned, as part of a 'Total Route Modernisation' of the [[London, Tilbury and Southend line]]. Instead, 74 [[Bombardier Transportation|Bombardier]] built [[British Rail Class 357|Class 357 Electrostar]] trains entered service from 2000.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
Class 331 and 332 were two middle distance EMU types that were proposed and never built. 300 Class 331 'Networker LT&S' carriages were planned, as part of a 'Total Route Modernisation' of the [[London, Tilbury and Southend line]]. Instead, 74 [[Bombardier Transportation|Bombardier]] built [[British Rail Class 357|Class 357 Electrostar]] trains entered service from 2000.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
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Twenty Class 332 'Networker Heathrow' trains were planned to be built for Heathrow Express services. Instead, 14 [[Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles|CAF]] built [[British Rail Class 332|Class 332]] trains entered service in 1998 on [[Heathrow Express]] services.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
Twenty Class 332 'Networker Heathrow' trains were planned to be built for Heathrow Express services. Instead, 14 [[Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles|CAF]] built [[British Rail Class 332|Class 332]] trains entered service in 1998 on [[Heathrow Express]] services.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
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=== Class 341 and 342 === |
==== Class 341 and 342 ==== |
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{{main|British Rail Class 341 and 342}} |
{{main|British Rail Class 341 and 342}} |
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Class 341 and 342 were middle distance EMU types that were proposed but never built. Class 341 'Networker Crossrail' was intended to be the rolling stock for [[Crossrail]] prior to its cancellation in the early 1990s; the specifications for this class were later used in drawing up the rolling stock specifications for the current incarnation of Crossrail. Class 342 was intended for use on domestic services using the [[Channel Tunnel Rail Link]] when it opened in 1994. In the end these projects were cancelled, and no trains were constructed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Part 4: Electric Multiple Units |url=http://www.therailwaycentre.com/Resource_data/All%20Time%20class%20EMU.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207150913/http://www.therailwaycentre.com/Resource_data/All%20Time%20class%20EMU.pdf |website=TheRailwayCentre.com |date=2 May 2006 |archive-date=7 February 2012 |access-date=5 November 2015 |url-status=usurped }}</ref><ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
Class 341 and 342 were middle distance EMU types that were proposed but never built. Class 341 'Networker Crossrail' was intended to be the rolling stock for [[Crossrail]] prior to its cancellation in the early 1990s; the specifications for this class were later used in drawing up the rolling stock specifications for the current incarnation of Crossrail. Class 342 was intended for use on domestic services using the [[Channel Tunnel Rail Link]] when it opened in 1994. In the end these projects were cancelled, and no trains were constructed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Part 4: Electric Multiple Units |url=http://www.therailwaycentre.com/Resource_data/All%20Time%20class%20EMU.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207150913/http://www.therailwaycentre.com/Resource_data/All%20Time%20class%20EMU.pdf |website=TheRailwayCentre.com |date=2 May 2006 |archive-date=7 February 2012 |access-date=5 November 2015 |url-status=usurped }}</ref><ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
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=== Class 371, 381 and 471 === |
==== Class 371, 381 and 471 ==== |
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{{main|British Rail Classes 371, 381 and 471}} |
{{main|British Rail Classes 371, 381 and 471}} |
||
Class 371, 381 and 471 were three long distance EMU types that were proposed but never built. Classes 371 and 381 were proposed as the "Universal Networker", a [[Multi-system (rail)|dual voltage]] train type for a multitude of services including Kent Coast, Great Northern, Thameslink and LTS routes. Class 471 was the proposed "main line Networker" intended for long-distance services from London to Kent and Sussex.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} The [[British Rail Class 365|Class 365]] train was ordered in 1993, instead of the upgraded Class 471 series. Following the [[privatisation of British Rail]] from 1994, no more trains were ordered.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
Class 371, 381 and 471 were three long distance EMU types that were proposed but never built. Classes 371 and 381 were proposed as the "Universal Networker", a [[Multi-system (rail)|dual voltage]] train type for a multitude of services including Kent Coast, Great Northern, Thameslink and LTS routes. Class 471 was the proposed "main line Networker" intended for long-distance services from London to Kent and Sussex.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} The [[British Rail Class 365|Class 365]] train was ordered in 1993, instead of the upgraded Class 471 series. Following the [[privatisation of British Rail]] from 1994, no more trains were ordered.<ref name="Green 2014" />{{Rp|75–85}} |
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== |
=== Comparison === |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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Revision as of 17:23, 23 February 2023
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2015) |
| Networker | |
|---|---|
 | |
| In service | 1989–present |
| Manufacturer |
|
| Number built | 344 sets |
| Number scrapped | 40 sets |
| Operators | |
| Specifications | |
| Maximum speed | 75–100 mph (121–161 km/h) |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge |
The Networker is a family of passenger trains which operate on the UK railway system. They were built in the late 1980s and early 1990s by British Rail Engineering Limited (which became part of ABB in September 1992) and Metro Cammell. The trains were built for the Network SouthEast (NSE) sector of British Rail, which is where their name comes from. They are all multiple-unit trains.
History
At the launch of Network SouthEast in 1986, the 'Networker' was announced.[1]: 75–85 [2] It would be a new family of trains, part of NSE's plan to modernise their network and replace older, often slam-door trains.[1]: 75–85
Unlike previous contemporary rolling stock units in Britain, Networker trains would use aluminium bodies to save weight, with some units featuring modern AC traction motors and air conditioning. The design was supposed to cover all requirements for future NSE multiple units, including new routes like the Channel Tunnel Rail Link.[1]: 75–85 NSE planned a rolling programme of train replacement, ordering around 300 carriages a year.
Networker was originally intended to become one of the largest families of trains, bigger even than the largely Mark 3-based Second Generation.[1]: 75–85 However, due to the recession in the early 1990s and the privatisation of British Rail from 1994, around 340 trains were built, substantially less than originally planned.[1]: 75–85
Variants
Diesel multiple units
Class 165
The Class 165 is a 2- and 3-car diesel multiple unit (DMU), built for outer suburban workings. Thirty-nine units were built for the Chiltern subdivision of Network SouthEast in 1990 and 1991 (Class 165/0), and thirty-seven for the Thames subdivision in 1992 (Class 165/1). Since privatisation, the 165/0 units have been operated by Chiltern Railways, while the 165/1 units have been operated by Thames Trains, First Great Western Link, First Great Western and Great Western Railway in turn.[1]: 75–85
Class 166
The Class 166 is a faster, air-conditioned variant of the Class 165, built for main line workings. Twenty-one 3-car units were built for the Thames and North Downs subdivisions of Network SouthEast in 1992 and 1993.[1]: 75–85
Electric multiple units
Classes 316 and 457
These designations applied to a single four-car electric multiple unit (EMU), converted from former Class 210 carriages, that was used as a research prototype. The unit was numbered as a Class 457 unit for trials with power from 750 V direct current (DC) third rail on Southern Region lines, then as a Class 316 unit for trials with power from 25 kV alternating current (AC) overhead line equipment on lines north of the River Thames, for which one of its intermediate carriages was replaced with a Class 313 pantograph trailer.
Class 365
The Class 365 was a dual-voltage EMU. The train was ordered in 1993, following a financial battle between NSE and InterCity for investment.[1]: 124–125 Forty-one 4-car units were built from 1994 to 1995,[3] the first sixteen fitted with pick-up shoes for power from 750 V DC third rail on services between London and Kent,[4] and the other twenty-five fitted with pantographs for power from 25 kV AC overhead line equipment on services on the East Coast Main Line from London King's Cross to Peterborough and King's Lynn. After use by a variety of operators, Great Northern withdrew its Class 365 fleet on 15 May 2021,[5][6] and the fleet was subsequently scrapped.[7]
Class 465
The Class 465 is a four-car EMU, powered from 750 V DC third rail. They were built by British Rail Engineering Limited (465/0), ABB (465/1), and Metro Cammell (465/2) in slightly different versions. Used by Network SouthEast, upon privatisation they passed to Connex South Eastern, then to South Eastern Trains then to Southeastern and are currently operated by SE Trains.
Class 466
The Class 466 is a two-car EMU. It is powered from 750 V DC third rail and used extensively in multiple with 4-car 465s to provide 6-car and 10-car formations. 43 units were built between 1993 and 1994 by Metro Cammell (who built the 465/2s) using GEC traction. The arrival of Class 376 Electrostar trains saw some units move to rural lines to operate 2-car shuttles, displacing half of the Class 508s.
Unbuilt
Class 171
Class 171 was a long distance DMU that was proposed but never built. Originally, around seventy 'Turbo Express' trains were planned for long distance, unelectrified routes. However, Regional Railways had over-ordered Class 158 trains, and NSE agreed to take on the surplus units, introducing them from 1993 as Class 159 South Western Turbos. Therefore, Class 171 trains were no longer required.[1]: 75–85
Class 331 and 332
Class 331 and 332 were two middle distance EMU types that were proposed and never built. 300 Class 331 'Networker LT&S' carriages were planned, as part of a 'Total Route Modernisation' of the London, Tilbury and Southend line. Instead, 74 Bombardier built Class 357 Electrostar trains entered service from 2000.[1]: 75–85
Twenty Class 332 'Networker Heathrow' trains were planned to be built for Heathrow Express services. Instead, 14 CAF built Class 332 trains entered service in 1998 on Heathrow Express services.[1]: 75–85
Class 341 and 342
Class 341 and 342 were middle distance EMU types that were proposed but never built. Class 341 'Networker Crossrail' was intended to be the rolling stock for Crossrail prior to its cancellation in the early 1990s; the specifications for this class were later used in drawing up the rolling stock specifications for the current incarnation of Crossrail. Class 342 was intended for use on domestic services using the Channel Tunnel Rail Link when it opened in 1994. In the end these projects were cancelled, and no trains were constructed.[8][1]: 75–85
Class 371, 381 and 471
Class 371, 381 and 471 were three long distance EMU types that were proposed but never built. Classes 371 and 381 were proposed as the "Universal Networker", a dual voltage train type for a multitude of services including Kent Coast, Great Northern, Thameslink and LTS routes. Class 471 was the proposed "main line Networker" intended for long-distance services from London to Kent and Sussex.[1]: 75–85 The Class 365 train was ordered in 1993, instead of the upgraded Class 471 series. Following the privatisation of British Rail from 1994, no more trains were ordered.[1]: 75–85
Comparison
| Class | Image | Operator | Introduced | Number | Carriages | Car length | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diesel multiple units | |||||||
| 165 | 
|
Chiltern Railways | 1990–1992 | 39 | 2 or 3 | 22 m (74 ft 6 in) | |
| |||||||
|
Great Western Railway | 1992 | 36 | 2 or 3 | 22 m (74 ft 6 in) | ||
| |||||||
| 166 |  |
1992–1993 | 21 | 3 | 22 m (74 ft 6 in) | ||
| |||||||
| Dual-voltage | |||||||
| 316 and 457 | 
|
British Rail | 1989–1990 | 1 | 4 | ||
| Pantograph | |||||||
| 365 |
|
Great Northern | 1994–1995 | 41 | 4 | 20 m (65 ft 9 in) | Scrapped[7] |
|
|||||||
| Contact shoe | |||||||
| 465 |  |
Southeastern | 1991–1994 | 147 | 4 | 20 m (65 ft 9 in) | |
| |||||||
| 466 | 
|
1993–1994 | 43 | 2 | 20 m (65 ft 9 in) | ||
| |||||||
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Green, Chris; Vincent, Mike (2014). The Network Southeast Story. Shepperton: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-86093-653-4. OCLC 872707499.
- ^ "Class 465/466: Kent Link Networker". KentRail.org.uk. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- ^ "Class 365 Electric Multiple Unit" (PDF). Eversholt Rail Group. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 September 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
- ^ Connex South Eastern: Train Operating Manual Classes 365, 465, 466. p.A.9 (Class 365 Unit Formation) January 1998. Retrieved 14 February 2011.
- ^ Great Northern [@GNRailUK] (15 May 2021). "Today We Bid Farewell to Our Class 365s" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 August 2021 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Farewell Service Sees Last Last [sic] Great Northern Class 365 out of London King's Cross". RailAdvent. 22 May 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
- ^ a b Russell, David (July 2022). "Farewell Class 365". Rail Express. No. 314. Horncastle: Mortons Media Group. pp. 82–84. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
- ^ "Part 4: Electric Multiple Units" (PDF). TheRailwayCentre.com. 2 May 2006. Archived from the original on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)