Draft:Battle of Kabul (1995): Difference between revisions
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==The Battle== |
==The Battle== |
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on 6 March [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]] marched against the [[Hazaras]] and driving them out of the [[kabul]] in desperation The [[Hazaras]] made a deal with the [[Taliban]] yielding their heavy weapons and positions to the [[Taliban]] in the meantime [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]] was not going allow the [[Taliban]] to replace the [[Hazaras]] in southern [[Kabul]].On March 11 [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]] launched another pushing attack in order to drive out the [[Taliban]] from [[kabul]],he drove the [[Taliban]] out of [[Kabul]] after bloody street fighting that left hundreds of [[Taliban]] in dead.This was the first major war in which the [[Taliban]] fought and lost. Their weak military structure and poor tactics ensured their defeat at the hands of [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]]'s more experienced warriors |
on 6 March [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]] marched against the [[Hazaras]] and driving them out of the [[kabul]] in desperation The [[Hazaras]] made a deal with the [[Taliban]] yielding their heavy weapons and positions to the [[Taliban]] in the meantime [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]] was not going allow the [[Taliban]] to replace the [[Hazaras]] in southern [[Kabul]].On March 11 [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]] launched another pushing attack in order to drive out the [[Taliban]] from [[kabul]],he drove the [[Taliban]] out of [[Kabul]] after bloody street fighting that left hundreds of [[Taliban]] in dead.This was the first major war in which the [[Taliban]] fought and lost. Their weak military structure and poor tactics ensured their defeat at the hands of [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]]'s more experienced warriors.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e7aKDwAAQBAJ&dq=In+the+meantime+Masud+was+not+going+to+allow+the+Taliban+to+replace+the+Hazaras+in+southern+Kabul.+On+11+March+1995+he+launched+another+punishing+attack,+pushing+the+Taliban+out+of+the+city+after+bloody+street+fighting+that+left+hundreds+of+Taliban+dead.+It+was+the+first+major+battle+that+the+Taliban+had+fought+and+lost.+Their+weak+military+structure+and+poor+tactics+ensured+their+defeat+at+the+hands+of+Masud's+more+experi-+enced+fighters.&pg=PA35|title=Taliban: The Power of Militant Islam in Afghanistan and Beyond|first=Ahmed|last=Rashid|date=April 30, 2010|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-0-85771-728-3 |via=Google Books page 35}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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| Battle of Kabul 1995 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Afghan Civil War (1992–1996) | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Islamic State Afghanistan |
 Taliban  Pakistan[1] Al-Qaeda[2][3] *Supported by: Saudi Arabia[4][5][6][7][8][9] | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Ahmad Shah Massoud Mohammad Panah X Mohammad FahimBurhanuddin Rabbani |
Muhammad OmarMullah Borjan XOsama bin Laden Benazir Bhutto | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Minor damages | heavy | ||||||||
Battle of Kabul was a battle between the Islamic State of Afghanistan and the Taliban that took place in 1995 in the Kabul which was a decisive victory for the government forces and a heavy defeat for the Taliban. After capturing Gulbuddin Hekmatyar's territory and by deposing of the Hezbe Wahdat, on 11 March the Taliban launched a massive campaign to capture Kabul. the war started in the south and west of Kabul between the Taliban and the government forces. This was the first time which the Taliban faced the forces of Ahmad Shah Massoud,The Taliban suffered heavy losses and retreated to Logar.[11][12][13]
Background
[edit]On February 2, 1995, the Taliban captured Wardak, located 50 kilometers south of Kabul. For the first time, Hekmatyar's bases around the capital were threatened on the other hand The Taliban were advancing at lightning speed. On February 10, 1995, after fierce clashes that left 200 dead, they captured Maidan Shahr and then Mohammad Agha District the next day.Hekmatyar realized that he was caught between the government forces in the north and the Taliban in the south. The morale of his forces was rapidly decreasing. On February 14, 1995, Hekmatyar's headquarters in Char Asiab District captured by the Taliban. His forces, who were very scared, fled to the east towards Jalalabad. The government army, under the command of Ahmad Shah Masoud, retreated into the city of Kabul.[14][15]In March 1995, the Taliban had captured almost one-third of the Afghanistan they defeated Hezbe Wahdat and killed their leader Abdul Ali Mazari.[16]
The Battle
[edit]on 6 March Ahmad Shah Massoud marched against the Hazaras and driving them out of the kabul in desperation The Hazaras made a deal with the Taliban yielding their heavy weapons and positions to the Taliban in the meantime Ahmad Shah Massoud was not going allow the Taliban to replace the Hazaras in southern Kabul.On March 11 Ahmad Shah Massoud launched another pushing attack in order to drive out the Taliban from kabul,he drove the Taliban out of Kabul after bloody street fighting that left hundreds of Taliban in dead.This was the first major war in which the Taliban fought and lost. Their weak military structure and poor tactics ensured their defeat at the hands of Ahmad Shah Massoud's more experienced warriors.[17]
References
[edit]- ^ A Brief History of Afghanistan. Infobase page 213. 2007. ISBN 978-1-4381-0819-3.
- ^ The Kirghiz and Wakhi of Afghanistan: Adaptation to Closed Frontiers and War. University of Washington Press. 20 September 2012. ISBN 978-0-295-80378-4.
- ^ Ruhland, Heike (October 20, 2019). Peacebuilding in Pakistan: A Study on the Religious Minorities and Initiatives for Interfaith Harmony. Waxmann Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8309-9121-2 – via Google Books page 51.
- ^ Unending Crisis: National Security Policy After 9/11. University of Washington Press page 91. July 2012. ISBN 978-0-295-80416-3.
- ^ Afghanistan's Endless War: State Failure, Regional Politics, and the Rise of the Taliban. University of Washington Press page 110. July 2011. ISBN 978-0-295-80158-2.
- ^ A Different Kind of War: The United States Army in Operation ENDURING FREEDOM, October 2001 - September 2005. Government Printing Office pages 20_21. ISBN 978-0-16-086914-3.
- ^ Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001 (Pulitzer Prize Winner). Penguin page 296. 28 December 2004. ISBN 978-1-101-22143-3.
- ^ The Taliban Courts in Afghanistan: Waging War by Law. Oxford University Press page 39. 6 February 2024. ISBN 978-0-19-889677-7.
- ^ What Every American Should Know About the Rest of the World. Penguin page 135. 29 April 2003. ISBN 978-1-101-21316-2.
- ^ https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/01/16/Af_chronology_1995-.pdf
- ^ Goodson, Larry P. (July 1, 2011). Afghanistan's Endless War: State Failure, Regional Politics, and the Rise of the Taliban. University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-80158-2 – via Google Books page 77.
- ^ Pacific, United States Congress House Committee on International Relations Subcommittee on Asia and the (October 20, 1996). Afghanistan: Civil War Or Uncivil Peace? : Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session, May 9, 1996. U.S. Government Printing Office. ISBN 978-0-16-053910-7 – via Google Books page 63.
- ^ https://www.ariaye.com/ketab/andeshmand/ketab.pdf pages 188_193
- ^ The Taliban and the Crisis of Afghanistan. Harvard University Press page 65. 15 May 2009. ISBN 978-0-674-26286-7.
- ^ Ghosts of Afghanistan: The Haunted Battleground. Granta Publications. 6 October 2011. ISBN 978-1-84627-432-9.
- ^ Goodson, Larry P. (July 1, 2011). Afghanistan's Endless War: State Failure, Regional Politics, and the Rise of the Taliban. University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-80158-2 – via Google Books page 77.
- ^ Rashid, Ahmed (April 30, 2010). Taliban: The Power of Militant Islam in Afghanistan and Beyond. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85771-728-3 – via Google Books page 35.