View source for Cupressaceae

{{Short description|Cypress family of conifers}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Early Jurassic|Present|earliest=Late Triassic}} (possible Late Triassic records)
| image = Med Cypress.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Cupressus sempervirens]]'' foliage and cones
| taxon = Cupressaceae
| authority = [[Harley Harris Bartlett|Bartlett]]<ref name=eFlora>{{eFloras|1|10237|Cupressaceae |first1=Frank D. |last1=Watson |first2=James E. |last2=Eckenwalder |volume=2 |access-date=6 September 2013}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies
| subdivision_ref = <ref>{{cite journal |author= Bosma, Hylke F. |author2= Kunzmann, Lutz |author3= Kvaček, Jiří |author4= van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, Johanna H.A. |date=August 2012 |title= Revision of the genus Cunninghamites (fossil conifers), with special reference to nomenclature, taxonomy and geological age |journal= Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology |volume= 182 |pages= 20–100200294924 |doi= 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.06.004|bibcode= 2012RPaPa.182...20B }}</ref>
| subdivision = * [[Athrotaxidoideae]]
* [[Callitroideae]]
* [[Cunninghamioideae]]
* [[Cupressoideae]]
* [[Sequoioideae]]
* [[Taiwanioideae]]
* [[Taxodioideae]]
* ''Incertae sedis:''
** †''[[Austrohamia]]''
** †''[[Cunninghamites]]''
** †''[[Mesocyparis]]''
}}

'''Cupressaceae''' or the '''cypress family''' is a family of [[conifer]]s. The family includes 27–30 genera (17 [[Monotypic taxon|monotypic]]), which include the [[juniper]]s and [[redwood]]s, with about 130–140 species in total. They are [[Monoecy|monoecious]], [[Trioecy|subdioecious]] or (rarely) [[dioecious]] [[tree]]s and [[shrub]]s up to {{cvt|116|m}} tall. The [[Bark (botany)|bark]] of mature trees is commonly orange- to red-brown and of stringy texture, often flaking or peeling in vertical strips, but smooth, scaly or hard and square-cracked in some species. The family reached its peak of diversity during the [[mesozoic]] era.

==Description==
[[Image:Metasequoia autumn foliage.jpg|thumb|Fallen foliage sprays ([[cladoptosis]]) of ''Metasequoia'']]

The [[leaf|leaves]] are arranged either spirally, in [[decussate]] pairs (opposite pairs, each pair at 90° to the previous pair) or in decussate whorls of three or four, depending on the genus. On young plants, the leaves are needle-like, becoming small and scale-like on mature plants of many genera; some genera and species retain needle-like leaves throughout their lives.<ref name=eFlora/> Old leaves are mostly not shed individually, but in small sprays of foliage ([[cladoptosis]]);<ref name=eFlora/> exceptions are leaves on the shoots that develop into branches. These leaves eventually fall off individually when the bark starts to flake. Most are [[evergreen]] with the leaves persisting 2–10 years, but three genera (''Glyptostrobus'', ''Metasequoia'' and ''Taxodium'') are [[deciduous]] or include deciduous species.

[[File:Alhucemas (11).JPG|thumb|''[[Tetraclinis]]'' cones]]

The [[seed cones]] are either woody, leathery, or (in ''[[Juniperus]]'') berry-like and fleshy, with one to several ovules per scale. The bract scale and ovuliferous scale are fused together except at the apex, where the bract scale is often visible as a short spine (often called an umbo) on the ovuliferous scale. As with the foliage, the cone scales are arranged spirally, decussate (opposite) or whorled, depending on the genus. The [[seed]]s are mostly small and somewhat flattened, with two narrow wings, one down each side of the seed; rarely (e.g. ''Actinostrobus'') triangular in section with three wings; in some genera (e.g. ''Glyptostrobus'' and ''Libocedrus''), one of the wings is significantly larger than the other, and in some others (e.g. ''Juniperus'', ''Microbiota'', ''Platycladus'', and ''Taxodium'') the seed is larger and wingless. The seedlings usually have two [[cotyledon]]s, but in some species up to six. The [[pollen cone]]s are more uniform in structure across the family, 1–20&nbsp;mm long, with the scales again arranged spirally, decussate (opposite) or whorled, depending on the genus; they may be borne singly at the apex of a shoot (most genera), in the leaf axils (''Cryptomeria''), in dense clusters (''Cunninghamia'' and ''Juniperus drupacea''), or on discrete long pendulous [[panicle]]-like shoots (''Metasequoia'' and ''Taxodium'').

Cupressaceae is a widely distributed conifer family, with a near-global range in all continents except for Antarctica, stretching from 70°N in arctic [[Norway]] (''[[Juniperus communis]]'')<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Tumajer |first1 = Jan |last2 = Buras |first2 = Allan |last3 = Camarero |first3 = J. Julio |last4 = Carrer |first4 = Marco |last5 = Shetti |first5 = Rohan |last6 = Wilmking |first6 = Martin |last7 = Altman |first7 = Jan |last8 = Sangüesa-Barreda |first8 = Gabriel |last9 = Lehejček |first9 = Jiří |date = 18 August 2021 |title = Growing faster, longer, or both? Modelling plastic response of ''Juniperus communis'' growth to climate change |journal = Global Ecology and Biogeography |publisher = Wiley |volume = 30 |issue = 11 |doi = 10.1111/geb.13377 |doi-access = free|hdl = 11577/3400205 |hdl-access = free }}</ref> to 55°S in southernmost [[Chile]] (''[[Pilgerodendron uviferum]]''), further south than any other conifer species.<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Holz |first1 = Andrés |last2 = Hart |first2 = Sarah J. |last3 = Williamson |first3 = Grant J. |last4 = Veblen |first4 = Thomas T. |last5 = Aravena |first5 = Juan C. |date = 25 March 2018 |title = Radial growth response to climate change along the latitudinal range of the world's southernmost conifer in southern South America |journal = Journal of Biogeography |publisher = Wiley |volume = 45 |issue = 5 |pages = 1140–1152 |doi = 10.1111/jbi.13199|bibcode = 2018JBiog..45.1140H |s2cid = 90020476 }}</ref> ''[[Juniperus indica]]'' reaches 4930 m altitude in [[Tibet]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Miehe |first1 = Georg |last2 = Miehe |first2 = Sabine |last3 = Vogal |first3 = Jonas |last4 = Co |first4 = Sonam |last5 = Duo |first5 = La |date = 1 May 2007 |title = Highest Treeline in the Northern Hemisphere Found in Southern Tibet |journal = Mountain Research and Development |publisher = International Mountain Society |volume = 27 |issue = 2 |page = 169{{hyphen}}173 |doi = 10.1659/mrd.0792 |doi-access = free|hdl = 1956/2482 |hdl-access = free }}</ref> Most habitats on land are occupied, with the exceptions of polar [[tundra]] and tropical lowland [[rainforest]] {{citation needed|date=November 2023}} (though several species are important components of [[temperate rainforest]]s and tropical highland [[cloud forest]]s); they are also rare in [[desert]]s{{citation needed|date=November 2023}}, with only a few species able to tolerate severe drought, notably ''[[Cupressus dupreziana]]'' {{who|date=November 2023}} in the central [[Sahara]]. Despite the wide overall distribution, many genera and species show very restricted relictual distributions, and many are [[endangered species]].

The world's largest (''[[Sequoiadendron giganteum]]'') and current tallest (''[[Sequoia sempervirens]]'') trees belong to the Cupressaceae, as do six of the ten [[List of oldest trees#Trees with verified ages|longest-lived tree species]].

==Classification==
[[File:Cunninghamia.jpg|right|upright|thumb|''[[Cunninghamia]]'' Fangshan, Zhejiang, China]]
[[File:Taiwania cryptomerioides - Mendocino Coast Botanical Gardens - DSC02059.JPG|right|upright|thumb|''[[Taiwania cryptomerioides]]'' Mendocino Coast Botanical Gardens, Fort Bragg]]
[[File:Athrotaxis selaginoides, Mt Field National Park Tasmania - CSIRO ScienceImage 529.jpg|right|upright|thumb|''[[Athrotaxis selaginoides]]'', Mt Field National Park, Tasmania]]
[[File:Taxodium distichum NRCSMS01010.jpg|right|upright|thumb|''[[Taxodium distichum]]'' in an oxbow lake, central Mississippi]]

Molecular and morphological studies have expanded Cupressaceae to include the genera of [[Taxodiaceae]], previously treated as a distinct family, but now shown not to differ from the Cupressaceae in any consistent characteristics. The member genera have been placed into five distinct subfamilies of Cupressaceae, [[Athrotaxidoideae]], [[Cunninghamioideae]], [[Sequoioideae]], [[Taiwanioideae]], and [[Taxodioideae]], which form a [[Evolutionary grade|grade]] basal to Cupressaceae ''sensu stricto'', containing [[Callitroideae]] and [[Cupressoideae]]. The former Taxodiaceae genus, ''[[Sciadopitys]]'', has been moved to a separate monotypic family [[Sciadopityaceae]] due to being genetically distinct from the rest of the Cupressaceae. In some classifications Cupressaceae is raised to an order, Cupressales. Molecular evidence supports Cupressaceae being the [[sister group]] to the yews (family [[Taxaceae]]), from which it diverged during the early-mid [[Triassic]]. The clade comprising both is sister to Sciadopityaceae, which diverged from them during the early-mid [[Permian]].<ref name="nature.com">{{Cite journal|last1=Stull|first1=Gregory W.|last2=Qu|first2=Xiao-Jian|last3=Parins-Fukuchi|first3=Caroline|last4=Yang|first4=Ying-Ying|last5=Yang|first5=Jun-Bo|last6=Yang|first6=Zhi-Yun|last7=Hu|first7=Yi|last8=Ma|first8=Hong|last9=Soltis|first9=Pamela S.|last10=Soltis|first10=Douglas E.|last11=Li|first11=De-Zhu|date=19 July 2021|title=Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-021-00964-4|journal=Nature Plants|language=en|volume=7|issue=8|pages=1015–1025|doi=10.1038/s41477-021-00964-4|pmid=34282286|bibcode=2021NatPl...7.1015S |s2cid=236141481|issn=2055-0278|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110174725/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-021-00964-4/|url-status=live}}</ref> The oldest definitive record of Cupressaceae is ''[[Austrohamia|Austrohamia minuta]]'' from the Early Jurassic ([[Pliensbachian]]) of Patagonia, known from many parts of the plant.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Escapa |first1=Ignacio |last2=Cúneo |first2=Rubén |last3=Axsmith |first3=Brian |date=September 2008 |title=A new genus of the Cupressaceae (sensu lato) from the Jurassic of Patagonia: Implications for conifer megasporangiate cone homologies |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0034666708000481 |journal=Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology |language=en |volume=151 |issue=3–4 |pages=110–122 |doi=10.1016/j.revpalbo.2008.03.002 |bibcode=2008RPaPa.151..110E |access-date=15 February 2023 |archive-date=14 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114141716/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0034666708000481 |url-status=live }}</ref> The reproductive structures of ''Austrohamia'' have strong similarities to those of the primitive living cypress genera ''[[Taiwania]]'' and ''[[Cunninghamia]].'' By the Middle to Late Jurassic Cupressaceae were abundant in warm temperate–tropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The diversity of the group continued to increase during the Cretaceous period.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Contreras |first1=Dori L. |last2=Escapa |first2=Ignacio H. |last3=Iribarren |first3=Rocio C. |last4=Cúneo |first4=N. Rubén |date=October 2019 |title=Reconstructing the Early Evolution of the Cupressaceae: A Whole-Plant Description of a New Austrohamia Species from the Cañadón Asfalto Formation (Early Jurassic), Argentina |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/704831 |journal=International Journal of Plant Sciences |language=en |volume=180 |issue=8 |pages=834–868 |doi=10.1086/704831 |issn=1058-5893 |s2cid=202862782 |access-date=15 February 2023 |archive-date=15 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215182214/https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/704831 |url-status=live }}</ref> The earliest appearance of the non-taxodiaceous Cupressaceae (the clade containing Callitroideae and Cupressoideae) is in the mid-Cretaceous, represented by "''Widdringtonia" americana'' from the [[Cenomanian]] of North America, and they subsequently diversified during the Late Cretaceous and early Cenozoic.<ref name="Leslie-2018">{{Cite journal |last1=Leslie |first1=Andrew B. |last2=Beaulieu |first2=Jeremy |last3=Holman |first3=Garth |last4=Campbell |first4=Christopher S. |last5=Mei |first5=Wenbin |last6=Raubeson |first6=Linda R. |last7=Mathews |first7=Sarah |date=September 2018 |title=An overview of extant conifer evolution from the perspective of the fossil record |journal=American Journal of Botany |language=en |volume=105 |issue=9 |pages=1531–1544 |doi=10.1002/ajb2.1143 |pmid=30157290 |s2cid=52120430|doi-access=free }}</ref>

The family is divided into seven subfamilies, based on genetic and morphological analysis as follows:<ref name="MaoMilne2012">{{cite journal|last1=Mao|first1=K.|last2=Milne|first2=R. I.|last3=Zhang|first3=L.|last4=Peng|first4=Y.|last5=Liu|first5=J.|last6=Thomas|first6=P.|last7=Mill|first7=R. R.|last8=S. Renner|first8=S.|title=Distribution of living Cupressaceae reflects the breakup of Pangea|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=109|issue=20|year=2012|pages=7793–7798|issn=0027-8424|doi=10.1073/pnas.1114319109|pmid=22550176|pmc=3356613|bibcode=2012PNAS..109.7793M|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Qu |first1=X. J. |last2=Jin |first2=J. J. |last3=Chaw |first3=S. M. |last4=Li |first4=D. Z. |last5=Yi |first5=T. S. |year=2017 |title=Multiple measures could alleviate long-branch attraction in phylogenomic reconstruction of Cupressoideae (Cupressaceae) |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=7 |pmc=5264392 |pmid=28120880 |doi=10.1038/srep41005 |page=41005|bibcode=2017NatSR...741005Q }}</ref>

{{div col}}
* Subfamily [[Cunninghamioideae]] {{small|(Zucc. ex Endl.) Quinn}}<ref name="Jagel-Dörken2014">Armin Jagel, Veit Dörken: ''Morphology and morphogenesis of the seed cones of the Cupressaceae - part I. Cunninghamioideae, Athrotaxoideae, Taiwanioideae, Sequoioideae, Taxodioideae.'' In: ''Bulletin of the Cupressus Conservation Project'', 3(3): 117-136 ([http://www.cupressus.net/bulletin/bulletin07/BullCCP03_3.pdf PDF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927050326/http://www.cupressus.net/bulletin/bulletin07/BullCCP03_3.pdf |date=27 September 2016 }})</ref><ref name="Cunninghamioideae fossil">{{Cite journal |last1=Atkinson |first1=Brian A. |last2=Contreras |first2=Dori L. |last3=Stockey |first3=Ruth A. |last4=Rothwell |first4=Gar W. |date=August 2021 |title=Ancient diversity and turnover of cunninghamioid conifers (Cupressaceae): two new genera from the Upper Cretaceous of Hokkaido, Japan |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353559760 |journal=Botany |language=en |volume=99 |issue=8 |pages=457–473 |doi=10.1139/cjb-2021-0005 |s2cid=237705866 |issn=1916-2790}}</ref>
** ''[[Cunninghamia]]'' {{small|R.Br.}}
** {{extinct}} ''[[Elatides]]'' Middle Jurassic- Early Cretaceous, Eurasia (possibly North America)
** {{extinct}} ''[[Hughmillerites]]'' Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Europe, North America
** {{extinct}} ''[[Sewardiodendron]]'' Middle Jurassic, Asia
** {{extinct}} ''[[Scitistrobus]]'' Middle Jurassic, Europe
** {{extinct}} ''[[Pentakonos]]'' Early Cretaceous, Asia
** {{extinct}} ''[[Acanthostrobus]]''  Late Cretaceous, North America
** {{extinct}} ''[[Mikasostrobus]]''  Late Cretaceous, Japan
** {{extinct}} ''[[Parataiwania]]''  Late Cretaceous, Japan
** {{extinct}} ''[[Ohanastrobus]]''  Late Cretaceous, Japan
** {{extinct}} ''[[Nishidastrobus]]''  Late Cretaceous, Japan
** {{extinct}} ''[[Cunninghamiostrobus]]'' Early Cretaceous-Oligocene Japan, North America
* Subfamily [[Taiwanioideae]] {{small|L.C.Li}}<ref name="Jagel-Dörken2014"/>
** ''[[Taiwania]]'' {{small|Hayata}}
* Subfamily [[Athrotaxidoideae]] {{small|L.C.Li}}<ref name="Jagel-Dörken2014"/>
** ''[[Athrotaxis]]'' {{small|D.Don}} – Tasmanian cedar
* Subfamily [[Sequoioideae]] {{small|Saxton}}<ref name="Jagel-Dörken2014"/>
** ''[[Metasequoia]]'' {{small|Hu & W.C.Cheng}} – dawn redwood
** ''[[Sequoia (genus)|Sequoia]]'' {{small|Endl.}} – coast redwood
** ''[[Sequoiadendron]]'' {{small|J.Buchholz}} – giant sequoia
* Subfamily [[Taxodioideae]] {{small|Endl. ex K.Koch}}<ref name="Jagel-Dörken2014"/>
** ''[[Cryptomeria]]'' {{small|D.Don}} – sugi
** ''[[Glyptostrobus]]'' {{small|Endl.}} – Chinese swamp cypress
** ''[[Taxodium]]'' {{small|Rich.}} – bald cypress
* Subfamily [[Callitroideae]] {{small|Saxton}}<ref name="Jagel-Dörken2015_2">Armin Jagel, Veit Dörken: ''Morphology and morphogenesis of the seed cones of the Cupressaceae - part III. Callitroideae.'' In: ''Bulletin of the Cupressus Conservation Project'' 4(3): 91-103 ([http://www.cupressus.net/bulletin/10/BullCCP4_3.pdf PDF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222164454/http://www.cupressus.net/bulletin/10/BullCCP4_3.pdf |date=22 December 2015 }})</ref>
** ''[[Actinostrobus]]'' {{small|Miq.}} – cypress-pine
** ''[[Austrocedrus]]'' {{small|Florin & Boutelje}}
** ''[[Callitris]]'' {{small|Vent.}} – cypress-pine
** ''[[Diselma]]'' {{small|Hook.f.}}
** ''[[Fitzroya]]'' {{small|Hook.f. ex Lindl.}} – alerce
** ''[[Libocedrus]]'' {{small|Endl.}}
** ''[[Neocallitropsis]]'' {{small|Florin}}
** ''[[Papuacedrus]]'' {{small|H.L.Li}}
** ''[[Pilgerodendron]]'' {{small|Florin}}
** ''[[Widdringtonia]]'' {{small|Endl.}}
* Subfamily [[Cupressoideae]] {{small|Rich. ex Sweet}}<ref name="Jagel-Dörken2015_1">Armin Jagel, Veit Dörken: ''Morphology and morphogenesis of the seed cones of the Cupressaceae - part II. Cupressoideae.'' In: ''Bulletin of the Cupressus Conservation Project'' 4(2): 51-78 ([http://www.cupressus.net/bulletin/09/BullCCP04_2.pdf PDF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151211152832/http://www.cupressus.net/bulletin/09/BullCCP04_2.pdf |date=11 December 2015 }})</ref>
** '' [[Callitropsis nootkatensis|Callitropsis]]'' {{small|Kurz}} – Nootka cypress
** ''[[Calocedrus]]'' {{small|Kurz}} – incense-cedar
** ''[[Chamaecyparis]]'' {{small|Spach}} – cypress
** ''[[Cupressus]]'' {{small|L.}} – cypress
** ''[[Fokienia]]'' {{small|A.Henry & H.H.Thomas}} – Fujian cypress
** ''[[Hesperocyparis]]'' {{small|Bartel & R. A. Price}}
** ''[[Juniper]]us'' {{small|L.}} – juniper
** ''[[Microbiota (plant)|Microbiota]]'' {{small|Kom.}}
** ''[[Platycladus]]'' {{small|Spach}} – Chinese arborvitae
** ''[[Tetraclinis]]'' {{small|Mast.}}
** ''[[Thuja]]'' {{small|L.}} – thuja or arborvitae
** ''[[Thujopsis]]'' {{small|Siebold & Zucc. ex Endl.}} – hiba
** ''[[Xanthocyparis]]'' {{small|Farjon & T. H. Nguyên}} – cypress
{{div col end}}

A 2010 study of ''[[Actinostrobus]]'' and ''[[Callitris]]'' places the three species of ''Actinostrobus'' within an expanded ''Callitris'' based on analysis of 42 morphological and anatomical characters.<ref name="Piggin and Bruhl (2010)">{{cite journal |last1=Piggin |first1=J. |last2=Bruhl |first2=J. J. |year=2010 |title=Phylogeny reconstruction of ''Callitris'' Vent. (Cupressaceae) and its allies leads to inclusion of ''Actinostrobus'' within ''Callitris'' |journal=Australian Systematic Botany |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=69–93 |doi=10.1071/sb09044}}</ref>

Phylogeny based on 2000 study of morphological and molecular data.<ref name="Gadeketal2000">{{cite journal |last1=Gadek |first1=P. A. |last2=Alpers |first2=D. L. |last3=Heslewood |first3=M. M. |last4=Quinn |first4=C. J. |year=2000 |title=Relationships within Cupressaceae sensu lato: a combined morphological and molecular approach |journal=American Journal of Botany |volume=87 |issue=7 |pages=1044–1057 |doi=10.2307/2657004 |jstor=2657004 |pmid=10898782 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Several further papers have suggested the segregation ''[[Cupressus]]'' species into four total genera.<ref name="Farjon2005">{{cite book |last1=Farjon |first1=A. |year=2005 |title=Monograph of Cupressaceae and ''Sciadopitys'' |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |isbn=1-84246-068-4}}.</ref><ref name="XiangLi2005">{{cite journal |last1=Xiang |first1=Q. |last2=Li |first2=J. |year=2005 |title=Derivation of ''Xanthocyparis'' and ''Juniperus'' from within ''Cupressus'': Evidence from Sequences of nrDNA Internal Transcribed Spacer Region |journal=Harvard Papers in Botany |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=375–382}}</ref>

{{clade |style=font-size:85%;line-height:100%;
|label1='''Cupressaceae'''
|1={{clade
  |1={{clade
    |label1=Cunninghamioideae
    |1={{clade 
      |1=''[[Cunninghamia]]'' 
       }}
     }}
  |2={{clade
    |1={{clade
      |label1=Taiwanioideae
      |1=''[[Taiwania]]''
       }}
    |2={{clade
      |1={{clade
        |label1=Athrotaxidoideae
        |1=''[[Athrotaxis]]''
         }}
      |2={{clade
        |1={{clade
          |label1=Sequoioideae
          |1={{clade
            |1=''[[Metasequoia]]''
            |2={{clade
              |1=''[[Sequoia (genus)|Sequoia]]''
              |2=''[[Sequoiadendron]]''
                   }}
                 }}
               }}
        |2={{clade
          |1={{clade
            |label1=Taxodioideae
            |1={{clade
              |1=''[[Cryptomeria]]''
              |2={{clade
                |1=''[[Glyptostrobus]]''
                |2=''[[Taxodium]]''
                 }}
               }}
             }}
          |2={{clade
            |label1=Callitroideae
            |1={{clade
              |1={{clade
                |1=''[[Austrocedrus]]''
                |2={{clade
                  |1=''[[Papuacedrus]]''
                  |2={{clade
                    |1=''[[Libocedrus]]''
                    |2=''[[Pilgerodendron]]''
                     }}
                   }}
                 }}
              |2={{clade
                |1={{clade
                  |1=''[[Widdringtonia]]''
                  |2={{clade
                    |1=''[[Diselma]]''
                    |2=''[[Fitzroya]]''
                     }}
                   }}
                |2={{clade
                  |1=''[[Neocallitropsis]]''
                  |2={{clade
                    |1=''[[Actinostrobus]]''
                    |2=''[[Callitris]]'' (sometimes including ''Actinostrobus'' and ''Neocallitropsis'')
                     }}
                   }}
                 }}
               }}
            |label2=Cupressoideae
            |2={{clade
              |1={{clade
                |1=''[[Thuja]]''
                |2=''[[Thujopsis]]''
                 }}
              |2={{clade
                |1=''[[Chamaecyparis]]'' (sometimes including ''[[Fokienia]]'')
                |2={{clade
                  |1={{clade
                    |1=''[[Calocedrus]]''
                    |2={{clade
                      |1=''[[Tetraclinis]]''
                      |2={{clade
                        |1=''[[Microbiota (plant)|Microbiota]]''
                        |2=''[[Platycladus]]''
                         }}
                       }}
                     }}
                  |2={{clade
                    |1=''[[Cupressus]]'' (sometimes split into ''[[Xanthocyparis|Callitropsis]]'', ''Cupressus'', ''[[Hesperocyparis]]'', and ''[[Xanthocyparis]]'')
                    |2=''[[Juniperus]]''
                     }} 
                   }}
                 }}
               }}
             }}
           }}
         }}
       }}
     }}
   }}
}}
A 2021 molecular study supported a very similar phylogeny but with some slight differences, along with the splitting of ''Cupressus'' (found to be paraphyletic):<ref name="nature.com"/>
{{clade |style=font-size:85%;line-height:100%;
|label1='''Cupressaceae'''
|1={{clade
  |1={{clade
    |label1=Cunninghamioideae
    |1=''[[Cunninghamia]]'' 
     }}
  |2={{clade
    |1={{clade
      |label1=Taiwanioideae
      |1=''[[Taiwania]]''
       }}
    |2={{clade
      |1={{clade
        |label1=Athrotaxidoideae
        |1=''[[Athrotaxis]]''
        |label2=Sequoioideae
        |2={{clade
          |1=''[[Metasequoia]]''
          |2={{clade
            |1=''[[Sequoia (genus)|Sequoia]]''
            |2=''[[Sequoiadendron]]''
             }}
           }}
         }}
      |2={{clade
        |1={{clade
          |label1=Taxodioideae
          |1={{clade
            |1=''[[Cryptomeria]]''
            |2={{clade
              |1=''[[Glyptostrobus]]''
              |2=''[[Taxodium]]''
               }}
             }}
           }}
        |2={{clade
          |label1=Callitroideae
          |1={{clade
            |1={{clade
              |1=''[[Austrocedrus]]''
              |2=''[[Papuacedrus]]''
               }}
            |2={{clade
              |1=''[[Libocedrus]]''
              |2=''[[Pilgerodendron]]''
               }}
            |3={{clade
              |1={{clade
                |1=''[[Widdringtonia]]''
                |2={{clade
                  |1=''[[Diselma]]''
                  |2=''[[Fitzroya]]''
                   }}
                 }}
              |2={{clade
                |1=''[[Neocallitropsis]]''
                |2=''[[Callitris]]'' 
                 }}
               }}
             }}
          |label2=Cupressoideae
          |2={{clade
            |1={{clade
              |1=''[[Thuja]]''
              |2=''[[Thujopsis]]''
               }}
            |2={{clade
              |1={{clade
                |1=''[[Chamaecyparis]]''
                |2=''[[Fokienia]]''
                 }}
              |2={{clade
                |1={{clade
                  |1=''[[Calocedrus]]''
                  |2={{clade
                    |1=''[[Tetraclinis]]''
                    |2={{clade
                      |1=''[[Microbiota (plant)|Microbiota]]''
                      |2=''[[Platycladus]]''
                       }}
                     }}
                   }}
                |2={{clade
                  |1={{clade
                    |1=''[[Cupressus]]'' (''sensu stricto'')
                    |2=''[[Juniperus]]''
                     }} 
                  |2={{clade
                    |1=''[[Xanthocyparis]]''
                    |2={{clade
                      |1=''[[Hesperocyparis]]''
                      |2=''[[Callitropsis nootkatensis|Callitropsis]]''
                       }}
                     }}
                   }}
                 }}
               }}
             }}
           }}
         }}
       }}
     }}
   }}
}}

==Uses==
{{More citations needed section|date=December 2017}}
[[Image:Image-Juniperus bermudiana - mature.jpg|upright|thumb|

''[[Juniperus bermudiana]]'' was the key to [[Bermuda]]'s shipbuilding industry, and used in building houses, and in furniture. It also comprised the habitat for other endemic and native species, and provided Bermudians with shelter from wind and sun.]]
Many of the species are important [[timber]] sources, especially in the genera ''Calocedrus'', ''Chamaecyparis'', ''Cryptomeria'', ''Cunninghamia'', ''Cupressus'', ''Sequoia'', ''Taxodium'', and ''Thuja''. ''[[Calocedrus decurrens]]'' is the main wood used to make wooden pencils, and is also used in chests, paneling, and flooring.<ref>{{cite book |last = McDonald |first = Philip M. |date = October 1973 |title = Incense-Cedar: an American wood |volume = 226 |publisher = US Forest Service |doi = 10.5962/bhl.title.84490 |url = https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/160777 |access-date = 15 May 2023 |archive-date = 31 October 2023 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231031174456/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/160777 |url-status = live }}</ref> In China, cypress wood known as ''baimu'' or ''bomu'',<ref name="Baima">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Furniture Materials: Cypress (Baimu, Bomu) 柏木 |publisher=Curtis Evarts |url=http://www.chinese-furniture.com/c_furniture/m_cypress.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001118211200/http://www.chinese-furniture.com/c_furniture/m_cypress.html |archive-date=18 November 2000 |url-status=live }} ''citing'' {{Cite book|last=Evarts |first=Curtis |year=1999 |title=C. L. Ma Collection: Traditional Chinese Furniture from the Greater Shanxi Region |location=Hong Kong |publisher=C.L. Ma Furniture |isbn=978-962-7956-19-8}}</ref> was carved into furniture, using notably ''[[Cupressus funebris]]'',<ref name="Baima" /> and particularly in tropical areas, [[Fujian cypress]]<ref>{{Cite iucn | author = Thomas, P. | author2 = Yang, Y. | name-list-style = amp | title = ''Fokienia hodginsii'' | volume = 2013 | page = e.T32351A2815809 | date = 2013 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T32351A2815809.en }}</ref> and the aromatic wood of ''[[Glyptostrobus pensilis]]''.<ref>{{eFloras|2|113775|Glyptostrobus |first1=Liguo |last1=Fu |first2=Yong-fu |last2=Yu |first3=Robert P. |last3=Adams |first4=Aljos |last4=Farjon |volume=4}}</ref> ''[[Juniperus virginiana]]'' has used by [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] for [[waymarking]]. Its heartwood is fragrant and used in clothes chests, drawers and closets to repel moths. It is a source of juniper oil used in perfumes and medicines. The wood is also used as long lasting fenceposts and for bows.

Several genera are important in horticulture. [[Juniper]]s are planted as evergreen trees, shrubs, and groundcovers. Hundreds of [[cultivar]]s have been developed,<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.chicagobotanic.org/plantinfo/junipers |title = Junipers |publisher = Chicago Botanic Garden |accessdate = 19 December 2022 |archive-date = 20 December 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221220070721/https://www.chicagobotanic.org/plantinfo/junipers |url-status = live }}</ref> including plants with blue, grey, or yellow foliage.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=C956 |last = Westerfield |first = Bob |title = Junipers |date = 6 October 2022 |orig-date = 15 May 2009 |publisher = University of Georgia Extension |access-date = 19 December 2022 |archive-date = 20 December 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221220065813/https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=C956 |url-status = live }}</ref> ''Chamaecyparis'' and ''Thuja'' also provide hundreds of [[dwarfing|dwarf]] cultivars as well as trees, including [[Chamaecyparis lawsoniana|Lawson's cypress]]. [[Metasequoia|Dawn redwood]] is widely planted as an ornamental tree because of its excellent horticultural qualities, rapid growth and status as a [[living fossil]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Satoh |first=Keiko |date=14 November 1998 |title=''Metasequoia'' Travels the Globe |url=https://arboretum.harvard.edu/stories/metasequoia-travels-the-globe/ |magazine=Arnoldia |publisher=Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=72–75 |access-date=14 December 2022 |archive-date=14 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214235008/https://arboretum.harvard.edu/stories/metasequoia-travels-the-globe/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Giant sequoia]] is a popular ornamental tree<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.pacifichorticulture.org/articles/natures-masterpiece-giant-sequoia/ |title = Nature's Masterpiece: Giant Sequoia |last = Cahill |first = Angela |publisher = Pacific Horticulture |access-date = 14 December 2022 |archive-date = 15 December 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221215154647/https://www.pacifichorticulture.org/articles/natures-masterpiece-giant-sequoia/ |url-status = live }}</ref> and is occasionally grown for timber.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1 = Cox |first1 = Lauren E. |last2 = York |first2 = Robert A. |last3 = Battles |first3 = John J. |date = 15 May 2021 |title = Growth and form of giant sequoia (''Sequoiadendron giganteum'') in a plantation spacing trial after 28 years |journal = Forest Ecology and Management |publisher = Elsevier |volume = 488 |page = 119033 |doi = 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119033|bibcode = 2021ForEM.48819033C |s2cid = 233554030 }}</ref> Giant sequoia,<ref>{{cite book |last1 = Burns |first1 = Russell M. |last2 = Honkala |first2 = Barbara H. |date = December 1990 |title = Silvics of North America: Volume 1, Conifers |publisher = United States Forest Service |page = 560 |url = https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/misc/ag_654_vol1.pdf#page=568 |isbn = 978-0-16-027145-8 |access-date = 15 December 2022 |archive-date = 1 February 2023 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230201124714/https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/misc/ag_654_vol1.pdf#page=568 |url-status = live }}</ref> Leyland cypress, and Arizona cypress are grown to a small extent as [[Christmas tree]]s.<ref>{{cite web |last=Owen |first=Jeff |date=November 2011 |title=Selecting the Right Tree |url=https://christmastrees.ces.ncsu.edu/christmastrees-selecting-the-right-tree/ |access-date=14 December 2022 |publisher=North Carolina State Extension |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215002417/https://christmastrees.ces.ncsu.edu/christmastrees-selecting-the-right-tree/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Some species have significant cultural importance. The [[ahuehuete]] (''Taxodium mucronatum'') is the national tree of [[Mexico]].<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.gob.mx/conafor/videos/el-ahuehuete-arbol-nacional |title = El ahuehuete, Árbol Nacional |trans-title = The ahuehuete, National Tree |date = 25 September 2018 |publisher = [[National Forestry Commission]] |language = es |access-date = 18 December 2022 |archive-date = 19 December 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221219045601/https://www.gob.mx/conafor/videos/el-ahuehuete-arbol-nacional |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Debreczy |first1 = Zsolt |last2 = Racz |first2 = Istvan |date = 1997 |title = ''El Arbor del Tule'': The Ancient Giant of Oaxaca |url = http://arnoldia.arboretum.harvard.edu/pdf/articles/475.pdf |journal = Arnoldia |publisher = Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University |volume = 57 |issue = 4 |pages = 3&ndash;11 |doi = 10.5962/p.251192 |access-date = 19 December 2022 |archive-date = 1 August 2010 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100801163959/http://arnoldia.arboretum.harvard.edu/pdf/articles/475.pdf |url-status = dead }}</ref> Coast redwood and giant sequoia were jointly designated the [[list of U.S. state trees|state tree]] of [[California]],<ref>{{cite web |url = https://capitolmuseum.ca.gov/state-symbols/tree-california-redwood/ |title = State Tree &ndash; California Redwood |date = 20 October 2021 |publisher = California State Capitol Museum |accessdate = 19 December 2022 |archive-date = 19 December 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221219194354/https://capitolmuseum.ca.gov/state-symbols/tree-california-redwood/ |url-status = live }}</ref> and are major tourist attractions where they grow naturally.<ref>{{cite report |last1 = Thomas |first1 = Catherine Cullinane |last2 = Flyr |first2 = Matthew |last3 = Koontz |first3 = Lynne |date = June 2022 |title = 2021 National Parks Visitor Spending Effects: Economic Contributions to Local Communities, States, and the Nation |url = https://www.nps.gov/nature/customcf/NPS_Data_Visualization/docs/NPS_2021_Visitor_Spending_Effects.pdf#page=43 |publisher = U.S. National Park Service |publication-place = Fort Collins, Colorado |pages = 36&ndash;37 |access-date = 19 December 2022 |archive-date = 4 November 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221104151417/https://www.nps.gov/nature/customcf/NPS_Data_Visualization/docs/NPS_2021_Visitor_Spending_Effects.pdf#page=43 |url-status = live }}</ref> Parks such as [[Redwood National and State Parks]] and [[Giant Sequoia National Monument]] protect almost half the remaining stands of Coast Redwoods and Giant sequoias. [[Taxodium distichum|Bald cypress]] is the state tree of [[Louisiana]]. Bald cypress, often festooned with [[Spanish moss]], of southern swamps are another tourist attraction. They can be seen at [[Big Cypress National Preserve]] in Florida. Bald cypress "[[Cypress knee|knees]]" are often sold as souvenirs, made into lamps, or carved to make folk art.<ref>{{cite book |last1 = Williams |first1 = Jack A. |last2 = Boyd |first2 = Carole Jean |date = 1 September 2005 |title = Carving Cypress Knees: Creating Whimsical Characters from One of Nature's Most Unique Woods |publisher = Fox Chapel Publishing |isbn = 978-1-5652-3271-6}}</ref> [[Monterey cypress]]es are often visited by tourists and photographers, particularly a tree known as the [[Lone Cypress]].<ref>{{cite news |last = Reynolds |first = Christopher |title = Standing Before the Lone Cypress |work = Los Angeles Times |date = 19 May 2013 |url = https://www.latimes.com/archives/story/2013-05-19/standing-before-the-lone-cypress |access-date = 19 December 2022 |archive-date = 19 December 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221219205125/https://www.latimes.com/archives/story/2013-05-19/standing-before-the-lone-cypress |url-status = live }}</ref>

The fleshy cones of ''[[Juniperus communis]]'' are used to flavour [[gin]].

Native Americans and early European explorers used ''Thuja'' leaves as a cure for scurvy. Distillation of ''[[Fokienia]]'' roots produces an essential oil called [[pemou oil]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Weyerstahl |first1=Peter |last2=Marschall |first2=Helga |last3=Phan |first3=Tong Son |last4=Phan |first4=Mhin Giang |year=1999 |title=Constituents of Vietnamese pemou oil—a reinvestigation |journal=Flavour and Fragrance Journal |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=409–410 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199911/12)14:6<409::AID-FFJ843>3.0.CO;2-B}}</ref> used in medicine and cosmetics.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lesueur |first=Dominique |display-authors=etal |year=2006 |title=Analysis of the root oil of ''Fokienia hodginsii'' (Dunn) Henry et Thomas (Cupressaceae) by GC, GC–MS and 13C-NMR |journal=Flavour and Fragrance Journal |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=171–174 |doi=10.1002/ffj.1557}}</ref>

Recent progress on Endophyte Biology in Cupressaceae, by the groups of Jalal Soltani ([[Bu-Ali Sina University]]) and [[Elizabeth Arnold (scientist)|Elizabeth Arnold]] ([[University of Arizona|Arizona University]]) have revealed prevalent symbioses of endophytes and endofungal bacteria with family Cupressaceae. Furthermore, current and potential uses of Cupressaceous tree's endophytes in agroforestry and medicine is shown by both groups.

==Chemistry==
The Cupressaceae trees contain a wide range of [[Wood#Extractives|extractives]], especially [[terpene]]s and [[terpenoid]]s,<ref name=Chemistry>{{cite journal |last1=Otto |first1=Angelika |last2=Wilde |first2=Volker |title=Sesqui-, di-, and triterpenoids as chemosystematic markers in extant conifers—A review |journal=The Botanical Review |date=April 2001 |volume=67 |issue=2 |pages=141–238 |doi=10.1007/BF02858076|bibcode=2001BotRv..67..141O |s2cid=20371074 }}</ref> both of which have strong and often pleasant odors.

The [[heartwood]], [[Bark (botany)|bark]] and [[Leaf|leaves]] are the tree parts richest in terpenes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Jian Zhao and Jian |title=Plant Troponoids: Chemistry, Biological Activity, and Biosynthesis |journal=Current Medicinal Chemistry |date=30 September 2007 |volume=14 |issue=24 |pages=2597–2621 |doi=10.2174/092986707782023253|pmid=17979713 }}</ref> Some of these compounds are widely distributed in other trees as well, and some are typical for Cupressaceae family. The most known terpenoids found in [[conifer]]s are [[Sesquiterpene#Sesquiterpenoids|sesquiterpenoid]]s, [[diterpene]]s and [[tropolone]]s. Diterpenes are commonly found in different types of conifers and are not typical for this family. Some sesquiterpenoids (e.g. bisabolanes, cubenanes, guaianes, ylanganes, himachalanes, longifolanes, longibornanes, longipinanes, cedranes, thujopsanes) also present in [[Pinaceae]], [[Podocarpaceae]] and [[Taxodiaceae]].<ref name=Chemistry /> Meanwhile, chamigranes, cuparanes, widdranes and acoranes are more distinctive for Cupressaceae. [[Tropolone]] derivatives, such as nootkatin, chanootin, [[thujaplicinol]] and [[hinokitiol]] are particularly characteristic for Cupressaceae.

==Disease vectors==
Several genera are an alternate host of ''[[Gymnosporangium]]'' [[rust (fungus)|rust]], which damages [[apple]]s and other related trees in the subfamily [[Maloideae]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kern |first=Frank D. |year=1973 |title=A host survey of Gymnosporangium |journal=Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=99–101 |doi=10.1007/BF02141290|s2cid=7875028 }}</ref>

==Allergenicity==
The [[pollen]] of many genera of Cupressaceae is [[allergen]]ic, causing major [[hay fever]] problems in areas where they are abundant,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Charpin |first1=Denis |display-authors=etal |year=2013 |title=Cypress pollen allergy |journal=Revue des Maladies Respiratoires |volume=30 |issue=10 |pages=868–878 |doi=10.1016/j.rmr.2013.09.014 |pmid=24314710|s2cid=196440359 }}</ref> most notably by ''[[Cryptomeria japonica]]'' (''sugi'') [[Hay fever in Japan|pollen in Japan]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Krihara (Kurihashi) |first=M. |year=1997 |title=Physiochemical and immunological characterization of major allergens of Japanese cedar pollen and false cypress pollen |language=ja |journal=Allergology |volume=3 |pages=203–211}}</ref> Highly [[Allergy|allergenic]] species of cypress with an [[OPALS (Ogren Plant Allergy Scale)|OPALS]] allergy scale rating of 8 out of 10 or higher include: ''[[Taxodium]]'', ''[[Cupressus]]'', ''[[Callitris]]'', ''[[Chamaecyparis]]'', and the [[Plant reproductive morphology|male]]s and [[monoicous]] variants of ''[[Austrocedrus]]'' and ''[[Widdringtonia]]''.<ref name="Ogren">{{Cite book|last=Ogren |first=Thomas Leo |year=2015 |title=The Allergy-Fighting Garden: Stop Asthma and Allergies with Smart Landscaping |location=Berkeley, California |publisher=Ten Speed Press |isbn=978-1-60774-491-7}}</ref> However, the [[Plant reproductive morphology|female]]s of some species have a very low potential for causing allergies (an OPALS allergy scale rating of 2 or lower) including ''Austrocedrus'' females and ''Widdringtonia'' females.<ref name="Ogren" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Soltani, J. (2017) Endophytism in Cupressoideae (Coniferae): A Model in Endophyte Biology and Biotechnology. In: Maheshwari D. (eds) Endophytes: Biology and Biotechnology. pp.&nbsp;127–143. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, vol 15. Springer, Cham.
* Pakvaz, S, Soltani J. (2016) Endohyphal bacteria from fungal endophytes of the Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) exhibit in vitro bioactivity. Forest Pathology, 46: 569–581.
* Soltani, J., Zaheri Shoja, M., Hamzei, J., Hosseyni-Moghaddam, M.S., Pakvaz, S. (2016) Diversity and bioactivity of endophytic bacterial community of Cupressaceae. Forest Pathology, 46: 353–361.
* Farjon, A. (1998). ''World Checklist and Bibliography of Conifers''. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 300 p.&nbsp;{{ISBN|1-900347-54-7}}.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Farjon | first1 = A. | last2 = Hiep | first2 = N. T. | last3 = Harder | first3 = D. K. | last4 = Loc | first4 = P. K. | last5 = Averyanov | first5 = L. | year = 2002 | title = A new genus and species in the Cupressaceae (Coniferales) from northern Vietnam, Xanthocyparis vietnamensis | journal = Novon | volume = 12 | issue = 2| pages = 179–189 | doi=10.2307/3392953| jstor = 3392953 | url = https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/36493 }}
* Little, D. P., Schwarzbach, A. E., Adams, R. P. & Hsieh, Chang-Fu. (2004). The circumscription and phylogenetic relationships of ''Callitropsis'' and the newly described genus ''Xanthocyparis'' (Cupressaceae). ''American Journal of Botany'' 91 (11): 1872–1881. [http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/91/11/1872 Available online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515234213/http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/91/11/1872 |date=15 May 2008 }}.

==External links==
* [http://www.pinetum.org/cones/mpfcones.htm Arboretum de Villardebelle] Cone images of many species
* [http://www.conifers.org/cu/index.htm Gymnosperm Database: Cupressaceae]
* [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=10237 Flora of China – Cupressaceae]
* [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=10237 Flora of North America – Cupressaceae]
* [https://patents.google.com/patent/USPP17767 ×Taxodiomeria peizhongii tree named 'Dongfangshan’ US PP17767 P3]
* {{Commons category-inline|Cupressaceae|''Cupressaceae''}}
* {{Wikispecies-inline|Cupressaceae|''Cupressaceae''}}

{{Cupressaceae}}
{{Pinophyta}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q146037}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cupressaceae| ]]
[[Category:Cupressales]]
[[Category:Pinales families]]