View source for Template:Roman–Persian Wars timeline

<noinclude>{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}}
</noinclude>{{Infobox
|name = Roman–Persian Wars timeline 
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|above = {{resize|120%|{{pad|<!--to compensate for [show/hide] link:-->2.5em}}Timeline of the<br/>[[Roman–Persian Wars]]}}

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|header1 = [[Roman–Parthian Wars]]

|label2='''BC''' |data2=&nbsp;
|label3=69    |data3=First Roman-[[Parthian Empire|Parthian]] contacts, when [[Lucullus]] invades [[Roman Armenia|southern Armenia]].
|label4=66–65 |data4={{nowrap|Dispute between [[Pompey]] and [[Phraates III]]}} over [[Euphrates]] boundary.
|label5=53    |data5={{nowrap|Roman defeat at the [[Battle of Carrhae]].}}
|label6=42–37 |data6=A great [[Pompeian–Parthian invasion of 40 BC|Pompeian–Parthian invasion of the Levant and Anatolia]] is defeated.
|label7=36–33 |data7=[[Antony's Parthian War|Mark Antony's unsuccessful campaign]] against Parthia. Subsequent campaign in Armenia successful, but followed by withdrawal. Parthians take control of whole region.
|label8=20    |data8=Settlement with the Parthians by [[Augustus]] and [[Tiberius]]; return of the captured [[Aquila (Roman)|Roman standard]]s.

|label9='''AD''' |data9=&nbsp;
|label10=36      |data10=Defeated by the Romans, [[Artabanus II of Parthia|Artabanus II]] renounces his claims to Armenia.
|label11=58–63   |data11={{nowrap|[[Roman–Parthian War of 58–63|Roman invasion of Armenia]]; arrangements}} made with Parthians over its kingship.
|label12=114–117 |data12=[[Trajan's Parthian campaign|Major campaign of Trajan]] against Parthia. Trajan's conquests later abandoned by [[Hadrian]].
|label13=161–165 |data13=After initial Parthian successes, war over Armenia {{smaller|(161–163)}} ended by a Roman victory. [[Avidius Cassius]] sacks Ctesiphon in 165.
|label14=195–197 |data14=An offensive under the emperor [[Septimius Severus]] leads to the Roman acquisition of northern Mesopotamia.
|label15=<div style="padding-bottom:1.0em;">216–217</div> |data15=<div style="padding-bottom:1.0em;">[[Caracalla]] launches [[Parthian war of Caracalla|a new war]] against the Parthians. His successor [[Macrinus]], however, is defeated by them near [[Battle of Nisibis (217)|Nisibis]] in 217.</div>

|header16 = [[Byzantine–Sasanian wars|Roman–Sasanian Wars]]

|label17=<div style=padding-top:0.5em;">230–232</div> |data17=<div style=padding-top:0.5em;">[[Ardashir I]] raids Mesopotamia and Syria, but is eventually repulsed by [[Alexander Severus]].</div>
|label18=238–244 |data18=Ardashir's invasion of Mesopotamia and Persian defeat at the [[Battle of Resaena]]. [[Gordian III]] advances along the [[Euphrates]] but is repelled near Ctesiphon at the [[Battle of Misiche]] in 244.
|label19=253     |data19={{nowrap|Roman defeat at the [[Battle of Barbalissos]].}}
|label20={{circa}} 258–260 |data20=[[Shapur I]] defeats and captures [[Valerian (emperor)|Valerian]] at [[Battle of Edessa|Edessa]].
|label21=283     |data21=[[Carus]] sacks Ctesiphon.
|label22=296–298 |data22=Roman defeat at Carrhae in 296 or 297. [[Galerius]] defeats the Persians in 298.
|label23=363     |data23=After an initial victory [[Battle of Ctesiphon (363)|outside Ctesiphon]], [[Julian (emperor)|Julian]] is killed at the [[Battle of Samarra]].
|label24=384     |data24=[[Shapur III]] and [[Theodosius I]] divide Armenia between them.
|label25=421–422 |data25=Roman retaliation against [[Bahram V|Bahram]]'s persecution of [[Christianity in Iran|Christian Persians]].
|label26=440     |data26=[[Yazdegerd II]] raids Roman Armenia.
|label27=502–506 |data27=[[Anastasius I Dicorus|Anastasius I]] refuses to support the Persians financially, triggering the [[Anastasian War]]. Ends with a seven-year peace treaty.
|label28=526–532 |data28=[[Iberian War]]. Romans victorious at [[Battle of Dara|Dara]] and [[Satala]] but defeated at [[Battle of Callinicum|Callinicum]]. Ends with the treaty of "[[Perpetual Peace (532)|Perpetual Peace]]".
|label29=540–561 |data29=[[Lazic War]] begins after Persians break the "Eternal Peace" by invading Syria. Ends with the Roman acquisition of [[Lazica]] and the signing of a [[Fifty-Year Peace Treaty|fifty-year peace treaty]].
|label30=572–591 |data30=[[Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591|War for the Caucasus]] breaks out when Armenians revolt against Sasanian rule.<br/>In 589, the Persian general [[Bahram Chobin]] raises a rebellion against [[Hormizd IV]].<br/>Restoration of [[Khosrow II]], Hormizd's son, by Roman and Persian forces and restoration of Roman rule in northern Mesopotamia ([[Dara (Mesopotamia)|Dara]], [[Silvan, Diyarbakır|Martyropolis]]) followed by expansion into [[Caucasian Iberia|Iberia]] and [[Sasanian Armenia|Armenia]].
|label31=602     |data31=Khosrow II conquers Mesopotamia after [[Maurice (emperor)|Maurice]] is assassinated.
|label32=611–623 |data32=Persians gradually conquer Syria, [[Syria Palaestina|Palestine]], [[Egypt (Roman province)|Egypt]] and [[Rhodes]] and enter [[Anatolia]].
|label33=626     |data33=Unsuccessful [[Avars (Carpathians)|Avar]]–Persian–[[Sclaveni|Slav]] [[Siege of Constantinople (626)|siege of Constantinople]]
|label34=627     |data34=Persian defeat at [[Battle of Nineveh (627)|Nineveh]].
|label35=629     |data35=The Persians assassinate Khosrow II and agree to withdraw from all occupied territories. [[Heraclius]] restores the [[True Cross]] to [[Jerusalem]].

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