Nickel(II) perchlorate
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Nickel(II) perchlorate
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| Other names
Nickel diperchlorate
Nickel perchlorate Nickel(II) chlorate(VII) Nickel diperchlorate(VII) Nickel perchlorate(VII) | |
| Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.735 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| Ni(ClO4)2 | |
| Molar mass | 257.8636 g/mol (hydrate) 329,92472 g/mol (tetrahydrate) 347.94 g/mol (pentahydrate) 365,95528 g/mol (hexahydrate) 420,00112 g/mol (nonahydrate) |
| Appearance | cyan crystals (hydrate) long green needle-shaped crystals (pentahydrate)[1] blue crystals (hexahydrate) |
| Density | 2.98 g/cm³ (hydrate)[2] 1,508 g/cm³ (hexahydrate) |
| Melting point | 140 °C (284 °F; 413 K) (hexahydrate) 149 °C (300 °F; 422 K) (partially decomposed pentahydrate) 103 °C (217 °F; 376 K)) |
| 259 g/100 mL (6 nước)[3] | |
| Solubility | soluble in alcohol, aceton insoluble in chloroform forming compounds with ammonia], hydrazine, urea, [ [semicarbide]], carbohydrate, thioure |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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oxidization |
| Flash point | flammable |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Nickel perrhenate Nikel nitrate |
Other cations
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Iron(II) perchlorate Cobalt(II) perchlorate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Nikel(II) perchlorate is a inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ni(ClO4)2, and it is a strong oxidizing agent. The hexahydrate Ni(ClO4)2·6H2O is also known. Both substances have very good solubility in water.
Preparation
Nickel(II) perchlorate can be obtained by reacting perchloric acid with nickel(II) hydroxide or nickel(II) carbonate. The resulting salt is a pentahydrate, Ni(ClO4)2·5H2O. At −213 °C (−351.4 °F; 60.1 K), the nonahydrate Ni(ClO4)2·9H2O will be formed.
Nickel(II) perchlorate can also be obtained by adding nickel to 6 mol/L perchloric acid for electrolysis with an alternating current of 50 Hz.
The anhydrous product is obtained by adding nickel(II) trifluoroacetate and perchloric acid in a trifluoroacetic acid solvent.
Applications
Nickel(II) perchlorate can be used to obtain other nickel compounds.
Other compounds
- Ni(ClO4)2 also forms some compounds with NH3, such as Ni(ClO4)2·6NH3 which is a light purple crystal.
- Ni(ClO4)2 also forms some compounds with N2H4, including Ni(ClO4)2·2N2H4 as a light positive solid or Ni(ClO4)2·5N2H4 which are purple crystals.
- Ni(ClO4)2 forms compounds with CO(NH2)2, like Ni(ClO4)2·6CO(NH2)2 which is a yellow-green solid.
- Ni(ClO4)2 forms compounds with CON<sub id="mwXA">3</sub>H<sub id="mwXQ">5</sub>, for example Ni(ClO4)2·3CON3H5 which is a blue solid.
- Ni(ClO4)2 forms compounds with CON<sub id="mwaA">4</sub>H<sub id="mwaQ">6</sub>, such as Ni(ClO4)2·3CON4H6 which is an explosive blue crystal with a bulk density of 0.95 g/cm³.[4]
- Ni(ClO4)2 can also form compounds with CS(NH<sub id="mwdA">2</sub>)<sub id="mwdQ">2</sub>, such as Ni(ClO4)2·6CS(NH2)2 which is a pale green solid.
- Ni(ClO4)2 also forms some compounds with CSN<sub id="mwgA">3</sub>H<sub id="mwgQ">5</sub>, such as Ni(ClO4)2·2CSN3H5·3H2O which is a positive crystal[5] or Ni(ClO4)2·3CSN3H5·2H2O which is a dark positive crystal.
References
- ^ Nickel Perchlorate, Ni(ClO4)2
- ^ Handbook… (Pierre Villars, Karin Cenzual, Roman Gladyshevskii; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 24 thg 7, 2017 - 1970 pages), page 442. Retrieved February 8, 2021.
- ^ (zh) 谢高阳 等. 无机化学丛书 锰分族 铁系 铂系. 科学出版社, 2011, tr. 290. 镍(II)的卤酸盐和高卤酸盐
- ^ M. B. Talawar, A. P. Agrawal, J. S. Chhabra, S. N. Asthana – Studies on lead-free initiators: synthesis, characterization and performance evaluation of transition metal complexes of carbohydrazide. J. Hazard Mater., 113 (1–3), 57–65 (ngày 10 tháng 9 năm 2004). doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.07.001.
- ^ Sirota, A., & Šramko, T. (1974). Square planar NiII complexes of thiosemicarbazide. Inorganica Chimica Acta 8, 289–291. doi:10.1016/s0020-1693(00)92630-6.