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Международный аэропорт имени Николы Теслы: различия между версиями

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Аэропорт служит хабом для крупнейшей сербской авиакомпании [[Air Serbia]], является одним из ключевых аэродромов малобюджетной компании [[Wizz Air]] и используется также службами аэротакси [[Air Pink]], [[Eagle Express]] и [[Prince Aviation]]. Управление аэропортом осуществляет государственная компания «Aerodrom Nikola Tesla Beograd». Аэропорт принимает рейсы из Европы (в том числе и из России). Пассажиры, заходящие на посадку с востока, видят центр [[Белград]]а (в частности, район [[Нови-Београд (община)|Нови Београд]] и общину [[Чукарица (община)|Чукарица]]). Ранее, во время плохой погоды, рейсы перенаправлялись в [[Ниш (аэропорт)|Ниш]].
Аэропорт служит хабом для крупнейшей сербской авиакомпании [[Air Serbia]], является одним из ключевых аэродромов малобюджетной компании [[Wizz Air]] и используется также службами аэротакси [[Air Pink]], [[Eagle Express]] и [[Prince Aviation]]. Управление аэропортом осуществляет государственная компания «Aerodrom Nikola Tesla Beograd». Аэропорт принимает рейсы из Европы (в том числе и из России). Пассажиры, заходящие на посадку с востока, видят центр [[Белград]]а (в частности, район [[Нови-Београд (община)|Нови Београд]] и общину [[Чукарица (община)|Чукарица]]). Ранее, во время плохой погоды, рейсы перенаправлялись в [[Ниш (аэропорт)|Ниш]].

== История ==
{{planned}}
<!---
===First airfields===
The first airfield in Belgrade was inaugurated in 1910 in the neighbourhood of [[Banjica]] and was initially used by aviation pioneers such as Simon, Maslenikov, Vidmar and Čermak. Two years later a wooden hangar was built for the [[Serbian Air Force]], which was at the time engaged in the [[First Balkan War]] against Turkey. In 1914, the Banjica airfield was the base for the Serbian Air Force squadron and the [[Balloon (aeronautics)|Balloon]] Company. After the end of the [[First World War]], the Banjica airfield was used for [[airmail]] traffic and included the routes [[Novi Sad]]–Belgrade–[[Niš]]–[[Skoplje]] and Belgrade–[[Sarajevo]]–[[Mostar]].<ref name="History1">{{cite web|url=http://www.beg.aero/code/navigate.php?Id=111 |author=Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport |title=History: International Belgrade Airport (1927) |accessdate=24 July 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071005035154/http://www.beg.aero/code/navigate.php?Id=111 |archivedate=5 October 2007 |df=dmy }}</ref>

In 1911 another airfield was inaugurated in Belgrade, in the lower city of the [[Belgrade Fortress|Kalemegdan fortress]] on the location of today's [[Belgrade Planetarium]].<ref name="History1"/>

===Airport in Pančevo===
An airport in the outskirts of [[Pančevo]], a town located northeast of Belgrade, began its operations in 1923 when [[CFRNA]] inaugurated the international route [[Paris]]–[[Istanbul]] which was flown via Belgrade. The same year airmail service began operating from the airport. The Pančevo airport was also used by the [[Royal Yugoslav Air Force]] academy. After the World War II the airport was used by the [[Yugoslav Air Force]] before it became the airfield of the [[Utva Aviation Industry]] after its relocation from Zemun to Pančevo.<ref name="History1"/>

===Airport in Dojno Polje (New Belgrade)===
[[File:Aeroput plne.jpg|thumb|left|Six Aeroput [[Potez 29|Potez 29/2]] biplanes at the old [[Airport City Belgrade#Location|Belgrade-Dojno polje Airport]] with the [[Milutin Milanković|Milanković's]] hangar<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.panoramio.com/photo/34382366|title=Milanković's hangar today|accessdate=12 December 2014}}</ref> on the left side, 1929.]]
Because of the distance from Pančevo to downtown Belgrade, which at that time required crossing the [[Danube]], a decision was made to build a new airport which would be closer. The airport was planned to be built just across the river [[Sava]], in a neighborhood today known as [[Novi Beograd]]. It was opened on 25 March 1927 under the official name of Belgrade International Airport (also known as [[Airport City Belgrade#Location|Dojno polje Airport]]). From February 1928, the aircraft owned by the first local airline [[Aeroput]] started taking off from the new airport. The airport had four {{convert|1100|-|2900|m|sigfig=3}} long grass [[runway]]s. The design for a [[reinforced concrete]] [[hangar]] that was built at the airfield was made by the Serbian scientist [[Milutin Milanković]], better known for his [[Milankovitch cycles|theory of climate change]]. A modern [[airport terminal|terminal]] building was built in 1931, while the landing equipment for conditions of poor visibility was installed in 1936.<ref name="History1"/>

Before World War II, Belgrade was also used as a stopover for some major air races, such as [[The Schlesinger African Air Race]].<ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article30112343 England to Africa] at The Mercury, 21 September 1936</ref>

Besides Aeroput, [[Air France]], [[Deutsche Luft Hansa]], [[KLM]], [[Imperial Airways]] and airlines from Italy, Austria, Hungary, Romania and Poland also used the airport until the outbreak of the [[World War II|Second World War]]. Starting from April 1941, German occupation forces used the airport. During 1944 it was bombed by the Allies, and in October of same year the German army destroyed the remaining facilities while withdrawing from the country.<ref name="History1"/>

The airport was rebuilt by October 1944 and until the end of the war was used by the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia as part of the Allied war effort.<ref name="History1"/>

Civil transport by [[Yugoslav Air Force]] cargo planes from this airport was reinstated at the end of 1945. At the beginning of 1947 [[Jat Airways|JAT Yugoslav Airlines]] and JUSTA took over domestic and international traffic, and from 1948 Western European airlines resumed flights to Belgrade.<ref name="History1"/>

A constant increase in traffic and the beginning of the passenger jet era called for a significant expansion of the airport. In the meantime, a plan to build a residential and business district called Novi Beograd on the location of the airport was introduced. The officials decided therefore that a new international airport should be built near the village of Surčin to the west. The last flight to depart from the old airport was early in 1964.<ref name="GlasJ">{{cite web|url=http://arhiva.glas-javnosti.rs/arhiva/2007/05/08/srpski/bg07050704.shtml|first=Jovan|last=Nikolić|authorlink=Glas javnosti|title=Svi Beogradski aerodromi|accessdate=24 July 2007|date=8 May 2007|publisher=Glas javnosti|language=Serbian}}</ref>

===Airport in Surčin===
[[Файл:Modernisation of Belgrade Airport in the 1960s.png|thumb|left|Строительство аэропорта в 1960-е годы]]
The new location for the airport was on the Surčin plateau, {{cvt|15|km|mi|sigfig=1}} from Belgrade's city center.<ref name="GlasJ"/> Thanks to the original planners' vision, two conditions for the airport's development were fulfilled: a location was chosen which met the navigational, meteorological, construction, technical, and traffic requirements; and the special needs for the airport's long-term development were established. {{Citation needed|date=September 2016}}

Building of the new airport started in April 1958 and lasted until 28 April 1962, when it was officially opened by President [[Josip Broz Tito]].<ref name="GlasJ"/> During that period a {{convert|3,000|m|mi|adj=mid|-long}} runway was built, with the parallel taxiway and concrete aprons for sixteen airplanes. The passenger terminal building occupied an area of {{cvt|8,000|m2}}. Cargo storage spaces were also built, as well as a technical block with the air-traffic [[control tower]] and other accompanying facilities. Modern navigational equipment was installed, earning the airport the highest international classification according to the [[International Civil Aviation Organization]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.rscg.co.me/code/navigate.php?Id=111 |author=Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport |title=History: Belgrade Surcin (1962) |accessdate=4 April 2007 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

The airport stagnated during the 1990s after the outbreak of the [[Yugoslav wars]] and the [[United Nations]] sanctions imposed on the [[Serbia and Montenegro]]. The sanctions also included a ban on air travel. The airport had minimal passenger movement, and many facilities were in need of reparation.

With a change in government and international sentiment, normal air traffic resumed in 2001. A few years later the airport's terminal 2 underwent a major reconstruction. The runway was upgraded to CAT IIIb in 2005, as part of a large renovation project. CAT IIIb is the latest runway system, giving aircraft the security of landing during [[fog]] and storms. In 2006, the airport was renamed to ''Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport''. [[Nikola Tesla]] was a Serbian-American inventor and scientist, generally considered one of the world's most famous [[inventors]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.b92.net/info/vesti/index.php?yyyy=2006&mm=02&dd=02&nav_id=187313&nav_category=12 |author=B92|title=Aerodrom menja ime u "Nikola Tesla"|accessdate=2007-04-04|date=2006-02-02|language=sr|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313091754/http://www.b92.net/info/vesti/index.php?yyyy=2006&mm=02&dd=02&nav_id=187313&nav_category=12|archivedate=2007-03-13}}</ref> The construction of the new air traffic control center was completed in 2010. In 2011 Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport shares (AERO) began trading on the [[Belgrade Stock Exchange]] (BELEX).

===Recent years===
In 2012 construction work on the modernization and expansion of the airport began. Work was carried out on the expansion and reconstruction of the A-gate and C-gate departure and transit areas. As a result, an extra {{convert|2,750|m2}} were added. Jetways at the A and C gates were also replaced. The construction of a new control tower is planned to be completed by 2018. The current air control tower was built back in 1962.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.blic.rs/vesti/drustvo/rovcanin-novi-kontrolni-tornjevi-u-beogradu-i-tivtu/evt55wv |title=Rovčanin: Novi kontrolni tornjevi u Beogradu i Tivtu |publisher=Tanjug |date=1 October 2014 |language=Serbian}}</ref> Future expansion of current terminals should see additional 17,000 sqm added, with terminal 2 getting additional 4 jetways.<ref>http://tangosix.rs/2015/04/08/prve-fotografije-novi-izgled-c-hodnika-aerodroma-nikola-tesla/</ref>

In January 2018, the [[Government of Serbia]] granted a 25-year concession of the Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport to the French airport operator [[Vinci SA|Vinci Airports]] for a sum of 501 million euros.<ref name="vincitakover">{{cite news|title=Pala odluka: Kome će "Nikola Tesla"|url=https://www.b92.net/biz/vesti/srbija.php?yyyy=2018&mm=01&dd=05&nav_id=1343926|accessdate=6 January 2018|work=b92.net|agency=Tanjug|date=5 January 2018|language=Serbian}}</ref>

== Терминалы ==
Airport two terminals have a combined area of 33,000 sqm, with Terminal 2 being larger of the two, adjacent to one another terminals are connected through a hallway.<ref name="T2">{{cite web|url=http://www.mtsmondo.com/news/vesti/story.php?vest=17113 |author=Mondo WEB Portal |title=Otvoren "Terminal 2" na aerodromu u Beogradu |accessdate=14 May 2006 |date=14 May 2006 |language=Serbian |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927005450/http://www.mtsmondo.com/news/vesti/story.php?vest=17113 |archivedate=27 September 2007 |df=dmy }}</ref> The airport has 66 check-in counters and 27 gates (of which 16 are equipped with [[Jet bridge|jetways]]).

=== Терминал 1 ===
Terminal 1 (T1) was the original and only terminal when the airport was built. The terminal handled domestic flights during the time of [[Yugoslavia]] and [[Serbia and Montenegro]], and subsequently has come to being used for international flights, mostly by low-cost and charter airlines. The terminal went through a major renovation in 2016 and 2017 when interior is overhauled.<ref>http://www.exyuaviation.com/2017/05/photos-belgrade-airport-overhaul.html</ref>

=== Терминал 2 ===
Terminal 2 (T2) was constructed in 1979 for the airport's growing passenger numbers. The terminal has a capacity of 5 million passengers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.danas.rs/20060515/ekonomija1.html |author=I.R. |authorlink=Danas (newspaper) |title=Vrata za pet miliona putnika godišnje |accessdate=4 April 2007 |date=15 May 2006 |publisher=Danas |language=Serbian |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401075521/http://www.danas.rs/20060515/ekonomija1.html |archivedate=1 April 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref> The terminal contains airline offices, transfer desks and various retail shops. The terminal went through two major renovations: from 2004 through 2006, with the arrivals and departures areas of the terminal completely reconstructed, and another one in 2012 and 2013 when there were works on expansion and overhaul of the C&nbsp;platform. While not officially confirmed, it is believed that the overhauled T1 will be used by foreign carriers, while Air Serbia and Etihad Airways Partners would gain exclusive use of Terminal 2.<ref>[http://www.exyuaviation.com/search/label/Belgrade Belgrade Airport completes terminal overhaul]</ref>
--->

<gallery>
Файл:Beg-exterior.jpg|Терминал 1
Файл:BEG-T1-Interior.jpg|Терминал 1, зона регистрации
Файл:Nikola_Tesla_Airport.jpg|Терминал 2
Файл:Check-in area at Terminal 2 in Belgrade Airport.jpg|Терминал 2, зона регистрации
</gallery>


== Примечания ==
== Примечания ==

Версия от 17:02, 19 апреля 2018

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Белград (значения).
Международный аэропорт «Никола Тесла Белград»
серб. Аеродром Никола Тесла Београд
Изображение логотипа
ИАТА: BEG – ИКАО: LYBE
Информация
Вид аэропорта гражданский
Страна Сербия
Расположение община Сурчин
Дата открытия 1962
Владелец Правительство Сербии
Оператор Aerodrom Nikola Tesla a.d.[1]
Узловой аэропорт для Air Serbia, Wizz Air
Высота НУМ 102
Сайт beg.aero
Карта
BEG (Сербия)
Точка
BEG
Взлётно-посадочные полосы
Номер Размеры (м) Покрытие
12/30 3400 м асфальт/бетон
Статистика (2017)
Годовой пассажиропоток 5343420 (▲ 8,5%)
Годовой грузопоток 19514 (▲ 41,7%)
Взлётов/Посадок 58859
Логотип Викисклада Медиафайлы на Викискладе
Белградский аэропорт Никола Тесла
серб. Аеродром Никола Тесла Београд
Изображение логотипа
Тип Акционерное общество
Листинг на бирже BELEX: AERO
Основание 13 марта 1992
Расположение  Сербия, Белград
Ключевые фигуры Саша Влаисавлевич (CEO)
Весна Станкович-Евджевич (Председатель наблюдательного совета)
Отрасль воздушный транспорт (МСОК: 51)
Продукция услуги воздушного сообщения
Оборот ▲ €69,07 млн. (2016)[2]
Операционная прибыль ▼ €25,84 млн. (2016)[2]
Чистая прибыль ▲ €245,82 млн. (2016)[3]
Активы ▲ €219,38 млн. (2016)[3]
Число сотрудников 1294 (2016)
Сайт beg.aero
Логотип Викисклада Медиафайлы на Викискладе

Международный аэропорт «Никола Тесла Белград» (серб. Међународни аеродром Никола Тесла Београд) (ИАТА: BEG, ИКАО: LYBE) — международный аэропорт в городе Белград, также известный под названием Белградский аэропорт (серб. Аеродром Београд / Aerodrom Beograd) или Сурчинский аэропорт (серб. Аеродром Сурчин / Aerodrom Surčin)[4][5]. Своё имя получил в 2006 году в честь известного учёного и изобретателя Николы Теслы. Крупнейший и наиболее загруженный сербский аэропорт, находящийся в 18 км к западу от спального района Белграда, на территории общины Сурчин, окружённый плодородными землями географической области Срем.

Аэропорт служит хабом для крупнейшей сербской авиакомпании Air Serbia, является одним из ключевых аэродромов малобюджетной компании Wizz Air и используется также службами аэротакси Air Pink, Eagle Express и Prince Aviation. Управление аэропортом осуществляет государственная компания «Aerodrom Nikola Tesla Beograd». Аэропорт принимает рейсы из Европы (в том числе и из России). Пассажиры, заходящие на посадку с востока, видят центр Белграда (в частности, район Нови Београд и общину Чукарица). Ранее, во время плохой погоды, рейсы перенаправлялись в Ниш.

История

  • Терминал 1
    Терминал 1
  • Терминал 1, зона регистрации
    Терминал 1, зона регистрации
  • Терминал 2
    Терминал 2
  • Терминал 2, зона регистрации
    Терминал 2, зона регистрации

Примечания

  1. ↑ Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport – Basic Company Data www.beg.aero  (англ.)  (серб.)
  2. ↑ 1 2 БИЛАНС УСПЕХА (2016) - Aerodrom Nikola Tesla (серб.). apr.gov.rs. Дата обращения: 6 января 2018.
  3. ↑ 1 2 БИЛАНС СТАЊА (2016) - Aerodrom Nikola Tesla (серб.). apr.gov.rs. Дата обращения: 6 января 2018.
  4. ↑ Official website (серб.). Дата обращения: 11 апреля 2007.
  5. ↑ EAD Basic

Ссылки

Шаблон:Достопримечательности Белграда

Источник — https://ru.wikipedia.org/ruwiki/w/index.php?title=Международный_аэропорт_имени_Николы_Теслы&oldid=92173829