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前扣带皮层：修订间差异

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{{medical}}{{Infobox brain|Name=前扣带皮层|Latin=Cortex cingularis anterior|Image=MRI anterior cingulate.png|Caption=前扣带皮层（黄色标记处）|Image2=Gray727-Brodman.png|Caption2=前扣带皮层位于布罗德曼分区系统第24、32、33分区|IsPartOf=|Components=|Artery=|Vein=}}


'''前扣带皮层'''（英文：Anterior cingulate cortex），在[[人腦|人脑]]中，是[[大脑]][[扣带皮层]]的前部，包围了[[胼胝体]]的前部。前扣带皮层属于[[布罗德曼分区系统]]第24、32、33分区。前扣带皮层参与了许多脑部的高阶功能，包括[[注意力]]分配<ref>{{cite journal|title=The anterior cingulate cortex mediates processing selection in the Stroop attentional conflict paradigm|date=January 1990|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|issue=1|doi=10.1073/pnas.87.1.256|volume=87|pages=256–9|bibcode=1990PNAS...87..256P|pmc=53241|pmid=2296583|vauthors=Pardo JV, Pardo PJ, Janer KW, Raichle ME}}</ref>、奖励、[[决策]]<ref name="Bush02">{{cite journal|title=Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex: a role in reward-based decision making|date=January 2002|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|issue=1|doi=10.1073/pnas.012470999|volume=99|pages=523–8|bibcode=2002PNAS...99..523B|pmc=117593|pmid=11756669|vauthors=Bush G, Vogt BA, Holmes J, Dale AM, Greve D, Jenike MA, Rosen BR}}</ref>、[[道德]]及[[伦理学|伦理]]<ref>{{cite journal|title=Salience network engagement with the detection of morally laden information|date=July 2017|journal=Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience|issue=7|doi=10.1093/scan/nsx035|volume=12|pages=1118–1127|pmc=5490682|pmid=28338944|vauthors=Sevinc G, Gurvit H, Spreng RN}}</ref>、冲动控制（譬如[[错误检测与纠正]]）<ref>{{cite web|title=Predicting repeat offenders with brain scans: You be the judge|url=http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-brain-scans.html|date=26 March 2013|last=Hewitt|first=John|publisher=medicalxpress.com|name-list-style=vanc|access-date=2013-03-26}}</ref>、情感<ref>{{cite journal|title=The functional architecture of human empathy|date=June 2004|journal=Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews|issue=2|doi=10.1177/1534582304267187|volume=3|pages=71–100|pmid=15537986|vauthors=Decety J, Jackson PL}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Empathy examined through the neural mechanisms involved in imagining how I feel versus how you feel pain|url=http://ilabs.washington.edu/meltzoff/pdf/JacksonMeltzoff_NP06.pdf|journal=Neuropsychologia|issue=5|doi=10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.07.015|year=2006|volume=44|pages=752–61|pmid=16140345|vauthors=Jackson PL, Brunet E, Meltzoff AN, Decety J|citeseerx=10.1.1.333.2783|s2cid=6848345}}</ref>等。
'''前扣带皮层'''（英文：Anterior cingulate cortex），在[[人腦|人脑]]中，是[[大脑]][[扣带皮层]]的前部，包围了[[胼胝体]]的前部<ref name=":6" />。前扣带皮层属于[[布罗德曼分区系统]]第24、25、32、33分区<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|chapter=Neuroanatomy, Cingulate Cortex|title=StatPearls|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537077/|publisher=StatPearls Publishing|date=2021|location=Treasure Island (FL)|pmid=30725762|first=Fareed R.|last=Jumah|first2=Rimal H.|last2=Dossani|access-date=2021-04-04|archive-date=2021-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210221509/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537077/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。前扣带皮层参与了许多脑部的高阶功能，包括[[注意力]]分配<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|title=The anterior cingulate cortex mediates processing selection in the Stroop attentional conflict paradigm|date=January 1990|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|issue=1|doi=10.1073/pnas.87.1.256|volume=87|pages=256–9|bibcode=1990PNAS...87..256P|pmc=53241|pmid=2296583|vauthors=Pardo JV, Pardo PJ, Janer KW, Raichle ME}}</ref>、奖励、[[决策]]<ref name="Bush02">{{cite journal|title=Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex: a role in reward-based decision making|date=January 2002|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|issue=1|doi=10.1073/pnas.012470999|volume=99|pages=523–8|bibcode=2002PNAS...99..523B|pmc=117593|pmid=11756669|vauthors=Bush G, Vogt BA, Holmes J, Dale AM, Greve D, Jenike MA, Rosen BR}}</ref>、[[道德]]及[[伦理学|伦理]]<ref name=":1">{{cite journal|title=Salience network engagement with the detection of morally laden information|date=July 2017|journal=Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience|issue=7|doi=10.1093/scan/nsx035|volume=12|pages=1118–1127|pmc=5490682|pmid=28338944|vauthors=Sevinc G, Gurvit H, Spreng RN}}</ref>、冲动控制（譬如[[错误检测与纠正]]）<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|title=In need of constraint: Understanding the role of the cingulate cortex in the impulsive mind|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27989844/|last=Golchert|first=Johannes|last2=Smallwood|first2=Jonathan|date=2017-02-01|journal=NeuroImage|doi=10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.10.041|volume=146|pages=804–813|issn=1095-9572|pmid=27989844|last3=Jefferies|first3=Elizabeth|last4=Liem|first4=Franziskus|last5=Huntenburg|first5=Julia M.|last6=Falkiewicz|first6=Marcel|last7=Lauckner|first7=Mark E.|last8=Oligschläger|first8=Sabine|last9=Villringer|first9=Arno}}</ref>、情感<ref name=":3">{{cite journal|title=The functional architecture of human empathy|date=June 2004|journal=Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews|issue=2|doi=10.1177/1534582304267187|volume=3|pages=71–100|pmid=15537986|vauthors=Decety J, Jackson PL}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|title=Empathy examined through the neural mechanisms involved in imagining how I feel versus how you feel pain|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16140345/|last=Jackson|first=Philip L.|last2=Brunet|first2=Eric|date=2006|journal=Neuropsychologia|issue=5|doi=10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.07.015|volume=44|pages=752–761|issn=0028-3932|pmid=16140345|last3=Meltzoff|first3=Andrew N.|last4=Decety|first4=Jean|access-date=2021-04-04|archive-date=2021-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525175038/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16140345/|dead-url=no}}</ref>等。


== 结构 ==
== 结构 ==
{{参见|扣带皮层}}
在解剖学上，前扣带皮层位于[[后扣带皮层]]前部，可分为背部（认知区）、前部（情感区）。背部与[[前额叶皮质]]、[[顶叶]]、运动系统等区域相连，使其成为“[[自上而下和自下而上設計|自上而下和自下而上刺激]]”的核心站。前部与[[杏仁核]]、[[伏隔核]]、[[下丘脑]]、[[丘脑]]、前[[岛叶]]等相连，参与评估情感显化和激励性信息。
在解剖学上，前扣带皮层位于[[后扣带皮层]]前部，可分为背部（认知区）、前部（情感区）<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|title=Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex|url=https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/abstract/S1364-6613(00)01483-2|last=Bush|first=George|last2=Luu|first2=Phan|date=2000-06-01|journal=Trends in Cognitive Sciences|issue=6|doi=10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01483-2|volume=4|pages=215–222|language=En|issn=1364-6613|pmid=10827444|last3=Posner|first3=Michael I.|last4=Bush|first4=George|last5=Luu|first5=Phan|last6=Posner|first6=Michael I.|last7=Bush|first7=George|last8=Luu|first8=Phan|last9=Posner|first9=Michael I.|access-date=2021-04-04|archive-date=2013-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131011090443/http://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/abstract/S1364-6613(00)01483-2|dead-url=no}}</ref>。背部常被称为“中扣带皮层（midcingulate cortex）”，与[[前额叶皮质]]、[[顶叶]]、[[运动系统]]等区域相连，使其成为“[[自上而下和自下而上設計|自上而下和自下而上刺激]]”的核心站<ref name=":6" /><ref name="Posner98">{{cite book|vauthors=Posner MI, DiGirolamo GJ|chapter=Executive attention: Conflict, target detection, and cognitive control|editor=Parasuraman R|title=The attentive brain|publisher=MIT Press|location=Cambridge, Mass|year=1998|isbn=0-262-16172-9}}</ref>。前部则与[[杏仁核]]、[[伏隔核]]、[[下丘脑]]、[[丘脑]]、前[[岛叶]]等相连，参与评估情感显化和激励性信息<ref name="Posner98" />。


特别的是，前扣带皮层含有[[纺锤体神经元]]（仅在人类及其它[[灵长类动物]]、[[大象]]、[[鯨豚類|鲸豚类]]动物上发现），与脑部处理困难问题的功能有关。
特别的是，前扣带皮层含有[[纺锤体神经元]]（仅在人类及其它[[灵长类动物]]、[[大象]]、[[鯨豚類|鲸豚类]]动物上发现），与脑部处理困难问题的功能有关<ref>{{Cite web|title=Brain Cells for Socializing|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/brain-cells-for-socializing-133855450/|accessdate=2021-04-04|work=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en|archive-date=2021-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323161204/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/brain-cells-for-socializing-133855450/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=The anterior cingulate cortex. The evolution of an interface between emotion and cognition|date=May 2001|journal=Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences|doi=10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03476.x|volume=935|pages=107–17|bibcode=2001NYASA.935..107A|pmid=11411161|vauthors=Allman JM, Hakeem A, Erwin JM, Nimchinsky E, Hof P}}</ref>。


== 功能 ==
== 功能 ==
许多研究认为，前扣带皮层参与了[[错误检测与纠正]]、任务预期、激励、注意力、情感调控等功能。在压力环境下，前扣带皮层可能可以调节[[自主神经系统]]，譬如调节血压和心率<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Anterior cingulate activity correlates with blood pressure during stress|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2246096/|last=Gianaros|first=Peter J.|last2=Derbyshire|first2=Stuart W. G.|date=2005-11|journal=Psychophysiology|issue=6|doi=10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00366.x|volume=42|pages=627–635|issn=0048-5772|pmc=2246096|pmid=16364058|last3=May|first3=J. Christopher|last4=Siegle|first4=Greg J.|last5=Gamalo|first5=Mark A.|last6=Jennings|first6=J. Richard}}</ref>。
许多研究认为，前扣带皮层参与了[[错误检测与纠正]]、任务预期、激励、注意力、情感调控等功能<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Bush02" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />。在压力环境下，前扣带皮层可能还参与调节[[自主神经系统]]，譬如调节血压和心率<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Anterior cingulate activity correlates with blood pressure during stress|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2246096/|last=Gianaros|first=Peter J.|last2=Derbyshire|first2=Stuart W. G.|date=2005-11|journal=Psychophysiology|issue=6|doi=10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00366.x|volume=42|pages=627–635|issn=0048-5772|pmc=2246096|pmid=16364058|last3=May|first3=J. Christopher|last4=Siegle|first4=Greg J.|last5=Gamalo|first5=Mark A.|last6=Jennings|first6=J. Richard|access-date=2021-04-04|archive-date=2021-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308211656/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2246096/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。


== 临床 ==
== 临床 ==
前扣带皮层异常可能与[[强迫症]]、情绪不稳、无法认知错误、{{le|无动性缄默症|Akinetic mutism}}、[[社交焦慮|社交焦虑]]等病症有关<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Role of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in obsessive-compulsive disorder: converging evidence from cognitive neuroscience and psychiatric neurosurgery|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27035167/#:~:text=One%20of%20the%20core%20dysfunctions,anterior%20cingulate%20cortex%20(dACC).&text=CONCLUSIONS%20Although%20abnormalities%20in%20brain,dACC%20plays%20a%20central%20role.|last=McGovern|first=Robert A.|last2=Sheth|first2=Sameer A.|date=2017-01|journal=Journal of Neurosurgery|issue=1|doi=10.3171/2016.1.JNS15601|volume=126|pages=132–147|issn=1933-0693|pmid=27035167|access-date=2021-04-04|archive-date=2020-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112022418/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27035167/#:~:text=One%20of%20the%20core%20dysfunctions,anterior%20cingulate%20cortex%20(dACC).&text=CONCLUSIONS%20Although%20abnormalities%20in%20brain,dACC%20plays%20a%20central%20role.|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Pains and Pleasures of Social Life|url=https://science.sciencemag.org/content/323/5916/890|last=Lieberman|first=Matthew D.|last2=Eisenberger|first2=Naomi I.|date=2009-02-13|journal=Science|issue=5916|doi=10.1126/science.1170008|volume=323|pages=890–891|language=en|issn=0036-8075|pmid=19213907|access-date=2021-04-04|archive-date=2020-05-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516154901/https://science.sciencemag.org/content/323/5916/890|dead-url=no}}</ref>。
前扣带皮层异常可能与[[强迫症]]、情绪不稳、无法认知错误、{{le|无动性缄默症|Akinetic mutism}}、[[社交焦慮|社交焦虑]]等病症有关。


== 参见 ==
==图像==
<gallery>
File:Anterior cingulate gyrus animation.gif|thumb|左侧[[大脑半球]]：前扣带皮层在红色标记处
</gallery>


== 参见 ==
* [[中枢神经系统]]
* [[中枢神经系统]]
* [[边缘系统]]


== 参考资料 ==
== 参考资料 ==

{{reflist|2}}

{{大脑皮质}}
[[category:大脑皮层]]
[[category:边缘系统]]

2022年1月25日 (二) 12:27的最新版本

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前扣带皮层
前扣带皮层（黄色标记处）
前扣带皮层位于布罗德曼分区系统第24、32、33分区
标识字符
拉丁文Cortex cingularis anterior
NeuroNames（英语：NeuroNames）161
NeuroLex（英语：NeuroLex） IDbirnlex_936
《神经解剖学术语（英语：Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy）》

前扣带皮层（英文：Anterior cingulate cortex），在人脑中，是大脑扣带皮层的前部，包围了胼胝体的前部[1]。前扣带皮层属于布罗德曼分区系统第24、25、32、33分区[1]。前扣带皮层参与了许多脑部的高阶功能，包括注意力分配[2]、奖励、决策[3]、道德及伦理[4]、冲动控制（譬如错误检测与纠正）[5]、情感[6][7]等。

结构

[编辑]
参见：扣带皮层

在解剖学上，前扣带皮层位于后扣带皮层前部，可分为背部（认知区）、前部（情感区）[8]。背部常被称为“中扣带皮层（midcingulate cortex）”，与前额叶皮质、顶叶、运动系统等区域相连，使其成为“自上而下和自下而上刺激”的核心站[1][9]。前部则与杏仁核、伏隔核、下丘脑、丘脑、前岛叶等相连，参与评估情感显化和激励性信息[9]。

特别的是，前扣带皮层含有纺锤体神经元（仅在人类及其它灵长类动物、大象、鲸豚类动物上发现），与脑部处理困难问题的功能有关[10][11]。

功能

[编辑]

许多研究认为，前扣带皮层参与了错误检测与纠正、任务预期、激励、注意力、情感调控等功能[2][3][4][5][6][7]。在压力环境下，前扣带皮层可能还参与调节自主神经系统，譬如调节血压和心率[12]。

临床

[编辑]

前扣带皮层异常可能与强迫症、情绪不稳、无法认知错误、无动性缄默症（英语：Akinetic mutism）、社交焦虑等病症有关[8][13][14]。

图像

[编辑]

参见

[编辑]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Jumah, Fareed R.; Dossani, Rimal H. Neuroanatomy, Cingulate Cortex. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2021 [2021-04-04]. PMID 30725762. （原始内容存档于2021-12-10）. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Pardo JV, Pardo PJ, Janer KW, Raichle ME. The anterior cingulate cortex mediates processing selection in the Stroop attentional conflict paradigm. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. January 1990, 87 (1): 256–9. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87..256P. PMC 53241 可免费查阅. PMID 2296583. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.1.256. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Bush G, Vogt BA, Holmes J, Dale AM, Greve D, Jenike MA, Rosen BR. Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex: a role in reward-based decision making. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. January 2002, 99 (1): 523–8. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99..523B. PMC 117593 可免费查阅. PMID 11756669. doi:10.1073/pnas.012470999. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Sevinc G, Gurvit H, Spreng RN. Salience network engagement with the detection of morally laden information. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience. July 2017, 12 (7): 1118–1127. PMC 5490682 可免费查阅. PMID 28338944. doi:10.1093/scan/nsx035. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Golchert, Johannes; Smallwood, Jonathan; Jefferies, Elizabeth; Liem, Franziskus; Huntenburg, Julia M.; Falkiewicz, Marcel; Lauckner, Mark E.; Oligschläger, Sabine; Villringer, Arno. In need of constraint: Understanding the role of the cingulate cortex in the impulsive mind. NeuroImage. 2017-02-01, 146: 804–813. ISSN 1095-9572. PMID 27989844. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.10.041. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Decety J, Jackson PL. The functional architecture of human empathy. Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews. June 2004, 3 (2): 71–100. PMID 15537986. doi:10.1177/1534582304267187. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Jackson, Philip L.; Brunet, Eric; Meltzoff, Andrew N.; Decety, Jean. Empathy examined through the neural mechanisms involved in imagining how I feel versus how you feel pain. Neuropsychologia. 2006, 44 (5): 752–761 [2021-04-04]. ISSN 0028-3932. PMID 16140345. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.07.015. （原始内容存档于2021-05-25）. 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Bush, George; Luu, Phan; Posner, Michael I.; Bush, George; Luu, Phan; Posner, Michael I.; Bush, George; Luu, Phan; Posner, Michael I. Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 2000-06-01, 4 (6): 215–222 [2021-04-04]. ISSN 1364-6613. PMID 10827444. doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01483-2. （原始内容存档于2013-10-11） （英语）. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Posner MI, DiGirolamo GJ. Executive attention: Conflict, target detection, and cognitive control. Parasuraman R (编). The attentive brain. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. 1998. ISBN 0-262-16172-9. 
  10. ^ Brain Cells for Socializing. Smithsonian Magazine. [2021-04-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-23） （英语）. 
  11. ^ Allman JM, Hakeem A, Erwin JM, Nimchinsky E, Hof P. The anterior cingulate cortex. The evolution of an interface between emotion and cognition. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. May 2001, 935: 107–17. Bibcode:2001NYASA.935..107A. PMID 11411161. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03476.x. 
  12. ^ Gianaros, Peter J.; Derbyshire, Stuart W. G.; May, J. Christopher; Siegle, Greg J.; Gamalo, Mark A.; Jennings, J. Richard. Anterior cingulate activity correlates with blood pressure during stress. Psychophysiology. 2005-11, 42 (6): 627–635 [2021-04-04]. ISSN 0048-5772. PMC 2246096 可免费查阅. PMID 16364058. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00366.x. （原始内容存档于2021-03-08）. 
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