过程工程:修订间差异
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'''过程工程''' |
'''-{A|zh-cn:过程工程;zh-tw:程序工程;}-'''({{lang-en|Process engineering}})是化学、物理、生物过程的设计、运行、控制、优化与强化。涉及大量的工业领域,如化学、石化、农业、冶金、先进材料、食品、制药、软件开发、生物技术工业等。通过建模(modeling),-{A|zh-cn:仿真;zh-tw:模擬;}-(simulation)和优化(optimization),基于-{A|zh-cn:计算机;zh-tw:電腦;}-的系统方法应用称为“-{A|zh-cn:过程;zh-tw:程序;}-系统工程”(process systems engineering)。 |
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== 简介 == |
== 简介 == |
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==重要技能== |
==重要技能== |
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过程系统工程包含的重要技术领域:<ref name="cmu">[http://egon.cheme.cmu.edu/Papers/GrossmannWestChall.pdf Research Challenges in Process Systems Engineering] by Ignacio E. Grossmann and Arthur W. Westerberg, Department of Chemical Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, PA</ref> |
过程系统工程包含的重要技术领域:<ref name="cmu">[http://egon.cheme.cmu.edu/Papers/GrossmannWestChall.pdf Research Challenges in Process Systems Engineering] {{Wayback|url=http://egon.cheme.cmu.edu/Papers/GrossmannWestChall.pdf |date=20181222191256 }} by Ignacio E. Grossmann and Arthur W. Westerberg, Department of Chemical Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, PA</ref> |
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*[[程序設計_(化工)|过程设计]]:{{tsl|en|energy recovery|能量回收}}网的综合、[[蒸馏]]系统([[共沸]])综合、反应器网络综合、层次分解流程图、上层结构优化、 [[optimization]], 多产品批产厂设计。 |
*[[程序設計_(化工)|过程设计]]:{{tsl|en|energy recovery|能量回收}}网的综合、[[蒸馏]]系统([[共沸]])综合、反应器网络综合、层次分解流程图、上层结构优化、 [[optimization]], 多产品批产厂设计。 |
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==外部链接== |
==外部链接== |
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* Advanced Process Engineering at Cranfield University (Cranfield, UK) https://www.cranfield.ac.uk/courses/taught/advanced-process-engineering |
* Advanced Process Engineering at Cranfield University (Cranfield, UK) https://www.cranfield.ac.uk/courses/taught/advanced-process-engineering {{Wayback|url=https://www.cranfield.ac.uk/courses/taught/advanced-process-engineering |date=20210417040957 }} |
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* Centre for Process Systems Engineering (Imperial) http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/centreforprocesssystemsengineering |
* Centre for Process Systems Engineering (Imperial) http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/centreforprocesssystemsengineering {{Wayback|url=http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/centreforprocesssystemsengineering |date=20151017074606 }} |
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* Process Systems Engineering at Cornell University (Ithaca, New York) http://you.cbe.cornell.edu/ |
* Process Systems Engineering at Cornell University (Ithaca, New York) http://you.cbe.cornell.edu/ |
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* Department of Process Engineering at Stellenbosch University http://processengineering.sun.ac.za/ |
* Department of Process Engineering at Stellenbosch University http://processengineering.sun.ac.za/ {{Wayback|url=http://processengineering.sun.ac.za/ |date=20201203045051 }} |
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* Process Research and Intelligent Systems Modeling (PRISM) group at BYU http://apm.byu.edu/prism/ |
* Process Research and Intelligent Systems Modeling (PRISM) group at BYU http://apm.byu.edu/prism/ {{Wayback|url=http://apm.byu.edu/prism/ |date=20150202004906 }} |
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* Process Systems Engineering at CMU https://www.cmu.edu/cheme/research/process-systems-engineering/index.html |
* Process Systems Engineering at CMU https://www.cmu.edu/cheme/research/process-systems-engineering/index.html {{Wayback|url=https://www.cmu.edu/cheme/research/process-systems-engineering/index.html |date=20190603004926 }} |
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* Process Systems Engineering Laboratory at RWTH Aachen http://www.avt.rwth-aachen.de/cms/AVT/Forschung/Forschungsschwerpunkte-der-AVT/~ioaf/Systemverfahrenstechnik/lidx/1/ |
* Process Systems Engineering Laboratory at RWTH Aachen http://www.avt.rwth-aachen.de/cms/AVT/Forschung/Forschungsschwerpunkte-der-AVT/~ioaf/Systemverfahrenstechnik/lidx/1/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.avt.rwth-aachen.de/cms/AVT/Forschung/Forschungsschwerpunkte-der-AVT/~ioaf/Systemverfahrenstechnik/lidx/1/ |date=20210416041825 }} |
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* The Process Systems Engineering Laboratory (MIT) http://yoric.mit.edu/ |
* The Process Systems Engineering Laboratory (MIT) http://yoric.mit.edu/ {{Wayback|url=http://yoric.mit.edu/ |date=20210427104636 }} |
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* Research Challenges in Process Systems Engineering by Ignacio E. Grossmann and Arthur W. Westerberg http://egon.cheme.cmu.edu/Papers/GrossmannWestChall.pdf |
* Research Challenges in Process Systems Engineering by Ignacio E. Grossmann and Arthur W. Westerberg http://egon.cheme.cmu.edu/Papers/GrossmannWestChall.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://egon.cheme.cmu.edu/Papers/GrossmannWestChall.pdf |date=20181222191256 }} |
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2022年8月12日 (五) 10:05的最新版本
过程工程(英語:Process engineering)是化学、物理、生物过程的设计、运行、控制、优化与强化。涉及大量的工业领域,如化学、石化、农业、冶金、先进材料、食品、制药、软件开发、生物技术工业等。通过建模(modeling),仿真(simulation)和优化(optimization),基于计算机的系统方法应用称为“过程系统工程”(process systems engineering)。
简介
[编辑]过程工程把客户的需求转化为生产设施处理原材料,产生增值的成份;这些成分运送到供应链的下一阶段。
过程工程在设计时,使用塊圖表示原材料与期望的变换(单元处理),然后使用过程流程图(PFD)表示物料流程路径、存储设备(如罐、箱、料仓等),变换(如蒸餾塔、进料罐、出料罐、混合、分离、泵等)、过程测量,以及所有的管线、传送、内容物、材料属性如密度、黏度、粒度分布、流速、压力、温度、管线材质、单元操作等。
根据过程流程图,设计出管线与仪表图(P&ID),包括管线、传送器的尺寸信息以满足期望的流速、过程工作(如罐体液位指示、物料流仪表、称重设备、引擎速度控制、温度压力指示/控制等)。P&ID是“系统操作指南”与功能说明书。
根据P&ID,可以制出过程的建议布局(总体安排)。其他工程领域如土木工程的场地平整、基础设计、混凝土结构设计、钢结构设计、项目成本估算、工程进度安排、采购、制造、安装、试车、启动、投产。
重要技能
[编辑]过程系统工程包含的重要技术领域:[1]
- 过程设计:能量回收网的综合、蒸馏系统(共沸)综合、反应器网络综合、层次分解流程图、上层结构优化、 optimization, 多产品批产厂设计。
- 过程控制: 预测模型控制、可控制性测量、鲁棒控制、非线性控制、统计过程控制、过程监控、基于热力学控制
- 单元过程: 调度过程网络(scheduling process networks)、 多阶段规划与优化(multiperiod planning and optimization)、数据协调(data reconciliation)、实时优化、灵活措施(flexibility measures)、故障诊断
- 支持工具: 序贯模块仿真(sequential modular simulation)、基于方程的过程模拟(equation-based process simulation)、 人工智能/专家系统、大规模非线性规划(NLP)、代数微分方程优化 (DAEs)、混合整数非线性规划(MINLP)、全局优化
过程系统工程历史
[编辑]过程系统工程(PSE)是化学工程中一个年轻领域。1961年美國化學工程學會会刊出的一卷特刊,首次使用了这个术语。1982年在日本京都召开了首次过程系统工程国际学术会议,PSE才开始被广泛使用。
该领域第一本教科书是Strategy of Process Engineering,作者Dale F. Rudd与Charles C. Watson(Wiley, 1968)。美國化學工程學會第10领域,于1977年组建了Computing and Systems Technology (CAST) Division,包含四个子领域:
- Process Design
- Process Control
- Process Operations
- Applied Mathematics
该领域第一本专业期刊是Computers and Chemical Engineering,1977年创刊。
1980年在亨尼克召开的Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design (FOCAPD) conference是该领域第一个定期会议。
参见
[编辑]参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Research Challenges in Process Systems Engineering (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by Ignacio E. Grossmann and Arthur W. Westerberg, Department of Chemical Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, PA
外部链接
[编辑]- Advanced Process Engineering at Cranfield University (Cranfield, UK) https://www.cranfield.ac.uk/courses/taught/advanced-process-engineering (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Centre for Process Systems Engineering (Imperial) http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/centreforprocesssystemsengineering (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Process Systems Engineering at Cornell University (Ithaca, New York) http://you.cbe.cornell.edu/
- Department of Process Engineering at Stellenbosch University http://processengineering.sun.ac.za/ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Process Research and Intelligent Systems Modeling (PRISM) group at BYU http://apm.byu.edu/prism/ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Process Systems Engineering at CMU https://www.cmu.edu/cheme/research/process-systems-engineering/index.html (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Process Systems Engineering Laboratory at RWTH Aachen http://www.avt.rwth-aachen.de/cms/AVT/Forschung/Forschungsschwerpunkte-der-AVT/~ioaf/Systemverfahrenstechnik/lidx/1/ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- The Process Systems Engineering Laboratory (MIT) http://yoric.mit.edu/ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Research Challenges in Process Systems Engineering by Ignacio E. Grossmann and Arthur W. Westerberg http://egon.cheme.cmu.edu/Papers/GrossmannWestChall.pdf (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)