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星門 (裝置)：修订间差异

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'''星門'''是指在[[星际之门]]系列中，用于在兩個距離非常遙遠的地點間進行快速旅行的装置。在此系列中，星門被用于展開情節，並允許主角在不借助太空船或其他科技的情况下進行星際旅行。
{{Translating|[[:en:Stargate (device)]]||tpercent=3.34|time=2012-06-09T09:57:10+00:00 }}


在[[星际之门]]系列中，星門是一个由虛構的[[超导材料]]''naqahdah''建造的大環。<ref name="Children of the Gods"/>每台星門的外環上㑹有9個等間距的箭頭来指示呼叫的地址。内環上則有一系列獨特的图形符號。[[银河系|银河系星门]]和[[飞马座星系|飞马座星系星门]]上的所有符號中，有一個是用来表示出發點的符號，剩下的則表示不同的星座。而在命運號風格的星門上的圖形符號的意義依然是未知数。星門上圖形符號的數量取决于星門所属的星門網路。銀河系星門有39個，飛馬座星系星門和命運號星門則是36個。選中的6個圖形符號，外加一個出發地符號將被用于在宇宙中定位呼叫的目的地。<ref name="Children of the Gods">{{sgcite|Children of the Gods|show=ref}}</ref><ref name="Movie">''[[Stargate (film)|Stargate]]''</ref>除此之外，還可以選擇額外的圖形符號来延長旅行距離，以便達到其他星系中的星門。當然，這样的星系間旅行勢必必將消耗比星系内旅行更多的能量。兩個星門之間通過形成一个人工的穩定[[虫洞]]来允许快速的單向旅行。標準的星門直徑通常是4.6米，重29吨。<ref name="Redemption">{{sgcite|Redemption|show=ref}}</ref>星門是在數百萬年前由外星種族{{tsl|en|Ancients (Stargate)|古人 (星际之门种族)|古人}}創造的。<ref name="The Fifth Race">{{sgcite|The Fifth Race|show=ref}}</ref>該種族的現代歷史是從[[埃及学家]]{{tsl|en|Daniel_Jackson_(Stargate)|丹尼尔·杰克逊 (星际之门)|丹尼尔·杰克逊}}在''星際之門''電影中解密了他們的成就開始的。<ref name="Movie"/>
[[Image:SG1stargate.jpg|thumb|250px|[[星际之门：SG-1]]中的一个星门]]
'''星门'''是指在[[星际之门]]系列中，用于在两个距离非常遥远的地点间进行快速旅行的装置。在此系列中，星门被用于展开情节，并允许主角在不借助太空船或其他科技的情况下进行星际旅行。


==概念與原型==
在[[星际之门]]系列中，星门是一个由虚构的[[超导材料]]''naqahdah''建造的大环。<ref name="Children of the Gods"/>每台星门的外环上会有9个等间距的箭头来指示呼叫的地址。内环上则有一系列独特的图形符号。[[#银河系|银河系星门]]和[[#飞马座星系|飞马座星系星门]]上的所有符号中，有一个是用来表示出发点的符号，剩下的则表示不同的星座。而在[[#命运号|命运号]]风格的星门上的图形符号的意义依然是未知数。星门上图形符号的数量取决于星门所属的星门网络。银河系星门有39个，飞马座星系星门和命运号星门则是36个。选中的6个图形符号，外加一个出发地符号将被用于在宇宙中定位呼叫的目的地。<ref name="Children of the Gods">{{sgcite|Children of the Gods|show=ref}}</ref><ref name="Movie">''[[Stargate (film)|Stargate]]''</ref>除此之外，还可以选择额外的图形符号来延长旅行距离，以便达到其他星系中的星门。当然，这样的星系间旅行势必将消耗比星系内旅行更多的能量。两个星门之间通过形成一个人工的稳定[[虫洞]]来允许快速的单向旅行。标准的星门直径通常是4.6米，重29吨。<ref name="Redemption">{{sgcite|Redemption|show=ref}}</ref>星门是在数百万年前由外星种族[[Ancients (Stargate)|Ancients]]创造的。<ref name="The Fifth Race">{{sgcite|The Fifth Race|show=ref}}</ref>该种族的现代历史是从[[埃及学家]][[丹尼尔·杰克逊 (Stargate)|丹尼尔·杰克逊]]在''星际之门''电影中解密了他们的成就开始的。<ref name="Movie"/>
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==概念与原型==
!星際之門的星座字碼

星门大体上是指在距离很远的两处的，能够在激活时形成一个连接这两个地点的门的两台机械设备。这个概念最初由负责电影脚本的[[迪安·德夫林]]和[[罗兰·艾默里奇]]提出。<ref name="imdb">{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0111282/trivia|title=''Stargate'' trivia from IMDb}}</ref>尽管在此之前，类似的设备已经出现在了科幻片中，不过他们的设计还是很具有原创特色。不过也有人认为他们抄袭了电影发行的10年前，埃及学家Omar Zuhdi曾经提交的脚本。<ref name="imdb"/>Omar Zuhdi为此采取了法律行动。该案件目前已经达成庭外和解。<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.legalmetric.com/cases/copyright/okwd/okwd_595cv00090.html| title=Litigation Analysis: Oklahoma Western District Court 5:95cv00090| publisher=LegalMetric| accessdate=September 7, 2010}}</ref>

在[[奇幻小说]]与科幻的历史上，[[传送门]]是一个非常常见的物体，或是机械设备，或是有魔术的物体，形状亦千奇百怪，但是其中间几乎不可或缺的都是如一潭水一般的膜。这层膜就表示了两个空间的连接点。星门也受此影响，并强调了这个“水潭”是外星人的杰作。

Some early ''portal'' appearances in science fiction include [[A. E. van Vogt]]'s novella ''Secret Unattainable'' (July 1942 [[Analog Science Fiction and Fact|Astounding]]),<ref name=SFEsgate>{{cite web|title=STARGATES|url=http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/Entry/stargates|work=Encyclopedia of Science Fiction|publisher=Gollancz|accessdate=October 11, 2011}}</ref> a radio episode of ''[[Space Patrol (1950 TV series)|Space Patrol]]'' which aired October 25, 1952 (in which it was called a "cycloplex" or a "hole in space"), and [[Robert A. Heinlein]]'s ''[[Tunnel in the Sky]]'' (1955) and its "[[Interstellar teleporter|Ramsbotham jump]]".

Much of the inspiration for the functioning of the device is drawn heavily from [[theoretical physics|theoretical]] [[astrophysics]], particularly that of [[black hole]]s and [[wormhole]]s, a staple of science fiction, often used to create "shortcuts" through space. Although these may exist in reality, it is not widely held to be true that any such phenomenon could safely transport a human being,<ref name="nowormhole">{{cite arxiv | author=Nandi, Kamal K. and Zhang, Yuan-Zhong | title=A Quantum Constraint for the Physical Viability of Classical Traversable Lorentzian Wormholes |eprint=gr-qc/0409053}}</ref> as such wormholes would most likely be created by excessive [[gravitation|gravity]] (e.g. from a black hole) which would destroy any potential traveler.<ref name="blackhole">{{cite web| url=http://cosmology.berkeley.edu/Education/BHfaq.html| title=Black Holes FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) List| first=Ted| last=Bunn| accessdate=March 25, 2006}}</ref> In ''[[Stargate]]'' however, this is circumvented by transporting a traveller through as an energy signature, and reintegrating them at the other end.

== Surrounding plot ==

The [[Stargate (film)|''Stargate'']] film begins in 1928, when the titular alien device is first discovered and unearthed at [[Giza]], with a young [[Catherine Langford]] watching as her father, the archaeologist who found it, directs its unearthing. ''Stargate SG-1'' has since revealed more of the backstory of the Earth Stargate. The American ship ''Achilles'' brought the gate to America in 1939 to prevent it from falling into the hands of the Nazis.<ref>''[[Stargate: Continuum]]''</ref> The [[United States Air Force]] then stored the device in various locations —including Washington, DC (Episode "1969")—before installing it at its location of the film and series. The Stargate was studied in the 1940s as a potential weapon and was later mothballed.<ref>"[[The Torment of Tantalus]]"</ref> As the ''Stargate'' film quickly skips to the "present day" (1994), an unsuccessful archaeologist [[Daniel Jackson (Stargate)|Daniel Jackson]] is giving a lecture about his outlandish theories that the [[Great Pyramid of Giza]] was not built by the [[pharaoh]] [[Khufu]]. After he is laughed away, an aged Catherine Langford meets with him, and recruits his [[egyptology|egyptological]] talent, taking him to a top-secret military base at Creek Mountain, where he is instructed to decipher the unique [[Egyptian hieroglyph]]s present on a set of cover-stones. He realizes that the indecipherable glyphs are in fact not words but images of [[constellation]]s, such that by identifying 6 of them a position in space can be extrapolated. He is then shown the stargate itself, uses his new understanding to identify the 7th symbol (the point of origin allowing a route to be extrapolated), and the gate is opened for the <!--NOTE-->first<!--Please leave this as "first", ignoring the 1945 opening revealed in "The Torment of Tantalus", for the sake of brevity - this section is only a short synopsis, and the 1945 revelation is mentioned in many places elsewhere.--> time.

Because thousands of combinations had been previously tried and had failed, it was believed at the time that only two stargates existed, connecting Earth and the planet [[Abydos (Stargate)|Abydos]], which was visited in the film. At the beginning of the ''Stargate SG-1'' series, however, a large set of additional valid coordinates were discovered engraved in ruins on Abydos. Because the coordinates pick out stars, and because time leads to [[stellar drift]], other addresses were impossible to dial until [[Samantha Carter]] reworked the dialing system on Earth to account for this movement. After this, a massive network of possible connections suddenly became available. Even more addresses were later uncovered by Colonel Jack O'Neill from a repository of Ancient knowledge. In order to allow for dialing back to Earth from other locations (without altering the dialing system), it was later stated that the DHD ("Dial-Home Device") normally attached to each stargate automatically updates for stellar drift; Earth's stargate lacks its DHD, requiring other accommodation.

The alien race encountered in the original movie is later developed in ''SG-1'' as the [[Goa'uld]], the dominant evil power in the Milky Way. The leaders of this race, the [[System Lord]]s, pose as gods and use the stargates to transport slaves between worlds. This has resulted in a large number of planets throughout the galaxy supporting human life, often in civilizations more primitive than Earth. The majority of these civilizations, descended from former Goa'uld slaves, treat the Stargate as a religious relic, often as a source of long-forgotten fear and evil.

For most of the run of ''[[Stargate SG-1]]'', Earth was under constant threat from the Goa'uld, and is no match for their superior technology. In the face of this threat, the US Air Force established a top-secret base, [[Stargate Command|the SGC]] (Stargate Command), as a frontline defence. Multiple teams are formed and sent on missions through the stargate, their primary objective being exploration, and through it the discovery of intelligence, technology and allies to help in the fight against the Goa'uld. The primary team is called [[SG-1]], and the series follows their adventures.

For a long time it was thought that the Goa'uld were the builders of the Stargate Network, but it was later discovered that they had merely made use of the relics left behind by a different and extinct race, the Ancients. At the climax of ''SG-1''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s 6th season, Daniel Jackson discovers that the Earth myth of [[Atlantis]] is in fact founded upon the Lost City of the Ancients, and Season 7 is spent trying to locate it. At the beginning of the show ''[[Stargate Atlantis]]'', which coincides with the beginning of ''SG-1''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s 8th season, the city is found in the Pegasus Galaxy, and 8 chevrons are dialed to send an expedition there on what could be a one-way trip. It is there that they discover a new network of stargates, and are plagued by the nemesis of the Ancients, the [[Wraith (Stargate)|Wraith]]. During the events of ''[[The Ark of Truth]]'' it is revealed that the pre-ascended Ancient known as Amelius originated the concept of the Stargate and wormhole travel.

In the events of the third television series [[Stargate Universe]], a third generation of stargate is discovered which allegedly predates the model originally discovered in the Milky Way galaxy. This model, discovered as a result of a three month expedition to unlock the stargate's ninth and final chevron, was first encountered on board the ancient research vessel "[[Destiny (Stargate)|Destiny]]" which has been traversing the universe for several million years unmanned, and is several billion light years away from Earth. It is discovered that the Ancients constructed the vessel to be launched after a number of stargate seed ships were dispersed in the universe in order to follow in their path and stop at each planet which a stargate was deposited. Destiny would then extract any relevant data from the planetary stargate in order to further complete research into an apparent signal embedded in the [[Cosmic microwave background radiation]]. This "prototype" or "beta" generation of gates, has a limited range. In addition, when a dialing sequence commences, the entire ring (as opposed to an inner track, like Milky Way-era gates) rotates clockwise and counterclockwise in an alternating pattern until the final chevron is locked and a wormhole is established. Finally, the event horizon of the wormhole also appears a slightly more silver color than later generations. Possibly due to the nature of how these stargates were deposited on hundreds of thousands of planets, no planetary DHD is present. Rather, explorers from Destiny are required to bring an Ancient remote control which can command the gate to dial an address in addition to other functions.

===Internal names===
The Ancients call the Stargates the "Astria Porta".<ref name="Avalon">{{cite episode|title=Avalon|episodelink=Avalon (Stargate SG-1)| series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> The Goa'uld and the Jaffa refer to it as the "Chappa'ai" (Cha-Pa-Eye), a term also used by the human inhabitants of many worlds that were under Goa'uld control at one point such as Abydos.<ref name="Children of the Gods">{{cite episode|title=Children of the Gods|episodelink=Children of the Gods (Stargate SG-1)| series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> The Wraith and some Pegasus human civilizations call Stargates "Portals".<ref name="Epiphany">{{cite episode|title=Epiphany|episodelink=Epiphany (Stargate Atlantis)| series=Stargate Atlantis|serieslink=Stargate Atlantis}}</ref><ref name="Missing">{{cite episode|title=Missing|episodelink=Epiphany (Stargate Atlantis)| series=Stargate Atlantis|serieslink=Stargate Atlantis}}</ref> Stargates have also been referred to as the "Ring of the Gods",<ref name="Memento">{{cite episode|title=Memento|episodelink=Memento (Stargate SG-1)| series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> "Great Ring of Abydon",<ref name="Icon">{{cite episode|title=Icon|episodelink=Icon (Stargate SG-1)| series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> "Circle of Standing Water",<ref name="Spirits">{{cite episode|title=Spirits|episodelink=Spirits (Stargate SG-1)| series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> "Doorway", "Stone Ring", "Gateway",<ref name="The Nox">{{sgcite|The Nox|show=ref}}</ref> "Annulus",<ref name="Red Sky">{{cite episode|title=Red Sky| episodelink=Red Sky (Stargate SG-1)| series=Stargate SG-1| serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> "Ring of the Ancestors",<ref name="Rising">{{cite episode|title=Rising|episodelink=Rising (Stargate Atlantis)| series=Stargate Atlantis|serieslink=Stargate Atlantis}}</ref> "Wraith Well",<ref name="Childhood's End">{{sgcite|Childhood's End|Atlantis|show=ref}}</ref> "Circle of Darkness" (particularly by primitive societies that fear or revere the device),<ref name="Demons">{{cite episode|title=Demons| episodelink=Demons (Stargate SG-1)| series=Stargate SG-1| serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> and even (in a deliberate self-parody) as "The Old Orifice".<ref>Stargate SG-1, Episode 200</ref> In the ''Stargate'' movie, the text on the cover stones calls it <hiero>S29-N14-D58-O32-N35:Z2-S29-D58-G1-N14:N5-Z2</hiero> ''sbȝ n sbȝw'' "gate/portal/door of stars."<ref>It should be noted that the indirect genitive ''n'' "of" is incorrectly written as the [[Egyptian language#Pronouns|possessive first person plural suffix pronoun]] ''n'' "our," so that in the [[Egyptian language]] the text as it is written literally means "our gate/portal/door (of) stars" utilizing a ''[[status constructus]]'' (a.k.a., a direct genitive construction).</ref> Numerous academics on Earth mistranslated the Egyptian writings for Stargate as "Doorway Into Heaven," or some variant thereof.<ref name="Movie" /><ref name="1969 Episode">{{cite episode|title=1969|episodelink=1969 (Stargate SG-1)| series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref>

== 工作 ==

原电影对于星门是如何操作的几乎一笔带过，不过后续的电视剧对这一方面做了许多详细的描写。在《星际之门：SG-1》中就清楚地展示了星门的目的地并不固定，而是由一个被称为“拨号”的过程所决定的。<ref name="Children of the Gods">{{cite episode|episodelink=Children of the Gods (Stargate SG-1)| title=Children of the Gods| series=Stargate SG-1| serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref>目的地选定后，星门使用外界能量在自己和目的地之间建立一个虫洞。<ref name="The Torment of Tantalus">{{cite episode|title=The Torment of Tantalus|episodelink=The Torment of Tantalus (Stargate SG-1)|series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref>需要传送的物体在进入星门时会被分解为单个原子，之后转化为能量进行传输，在星门的另一端则执行相反的操作。<ref name="film" />

=== 拨号 ===
[[Image:Seventh chevron.jpg|thumb|The final chevron in the series.]]
星门网络中每一个地点都有自己独一无二的地址，这个地址由星门上的一串7个或更多的不重复符号来表示。<ref name="Children of the Gods"/><ref name="Avenger 2.0">{{cite episode| title=Avenger 2.0| episodelink=Avenger 2.0 (Stargate SG-1)| series=Stargate SG-1| serieslink=Stargate SG-1 |quote=seven symbols chosen from a pool of 38 non-repeating candidates, that's about 63 billion possible combinations.}}</ref>通过按照一定的顺序选定这些号码，就可以确定星门的目的地。

这一系列中对拨号的过程描写比较详尽。要进行拨号，你需要将内环上的符号对准外环上的人字形标志。拨号的过程首先是定下主地址，最后再加上出发地的标志，出发地标志选定后，也就代表拨号过程结束。<ref name="chevron7">"Chevron 7, locked"; ''multiple episodes including the [[Stargate (film)|original film]]''.</ref>选定符号的时候，外环上的标志的动作被称为“选定”或“已编码”，并且通常会有亮灯或移动作为指示。当拨出最后一个符号的时候，外环上的标志的状态被称为“已锁定”，然后虫洞打开。（其实虫洞这个称呼是随意的）<ref name="chevron7"/>如果地址不对或者目标位置没有可工作的星门的话，最后一个地址符号将无法锁定，其余的标志的选定状态则会解除。<ref name="The Torment of Tantalus"/>

===Addresses===
[[Image:Stargatesg1diallingcomputer.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Stargate Command|SGC]]'s Dialing Computer compiling the address of the planet Abydos.]]
[[Image:StargateCoordinates.svg|thumb|This diagram illustrates how Stargate symbols translate to physical coordinates.]]
The symbols used to compose addresses are actually pictorial representations of star [[constellation]]s. By identifying six constellations in space, a single point can be interpolated that corresponds to the destination desired.<ref name="film">''[[Stargate (film)|Stargate]]'' (1999)</ref> As only a small portion of the possible combinations of Stargate symbols represent valid addresses, dialing the Gate at random is largely futile. In {{sgcite|Children of the Gods}}, SG-1 discovers a room on Abydos with a list of valid Stargate addresses, along with a map that allows the SGC to compensate for thousands of years of [[stellar drift]]. In the series, the fictional planet Abydos could be dialed because it is relatively close to Earth, although in the film, Abydos was located in the Kaliam Galaxy.<ref name="Movie"/> Another list of Stargate addresses is provided by [[Jack O'Neill (Stargate)|Jack O'Neill]] in {{sgcite|The Fifth Race}} from knowledge downloaded into his mind by a [[Repository of the Ancients]]. In {{sgcite|Rising|Atlantis}}, a list of Stargate addresses in the Pegasus galaxy is found in the [[Atlantis (Stargate)|Atlantis]] database. The SGC assigns designations to Stargate-accessible planets in the form P''xx-xxx'' or M''xx-xxx''; P standing for Planet and M for Moon. [[Samantha Carter]] explains in {{sgcite|The Broca Divide}} that the designation "is based on a binary code the computer uses for extrapolation".

The symbols dialed are often referred to as "coordinates", and are written as an ordered string; for example, this is the address used in the show for the planet [[Abydos (Stargate)|Abydos]]: <span style="white-space: nowrap;">[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 27.svg|16px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 07.svg|16px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 15.svg|16px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 32.svg|16px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 12.svg|16px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 30.svg|16px]]</span> (corresponding to the constellations of [[Taurus (constellation)|Taurus]], [[Serpens Caput]], [[Capricornus]], [[Monoceros]], [[Sagittarius (constellation)|Sagittarius]] and [[Orion (constellation)|Orion]]). As explained by Dr. Daniel Jackson in the movie, the Stargate requires seven correct symbols to connect to another Stargate. As shown in the picture opposite, the first six symbols act as co-ordinates, creating three intersecting lines, the destination. The Stargate uses the seventh symbol as the point of origin allowing one to plot a straight line course to the destination.

Eight-symbol addresses are introduced in {{sgcite|The Fifth Race}}, opening up new plot lines by connecting Stargates to different galaxies. The additional symbol acts as a type of "area code".<ref name="The Fifth Race">{{cite episode|episodelink=The Fifth Race (Stargate SG-1)| title=The Fifth Race| series=Stargate SG-1| serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> Such connections, in comparison to seven symbol codes, require substantially more energy to complete a functional wormhole – much more than any standard dialing method can provide. In the first instance, opening an intergalactic wormhole is shown to exceed the total power generation capacity of the SGC at the time. O'Neill fashioned an additional power source using spare parts and the liquid naquadah power core of a staff weapon. A fully charged [[Zero Point Module]] (ZPM) can provide enough power for regular travel between galaxies.<ref name="Rising">{{cite episode|title=Rising|episodelink=Rising (Stargate Atlantis)|series=Stargate Atlantis|serieslink=Stargate Atlantis}}</ref><ref name="Letters from Pegasus">{{cite episode|title=Letters from Pegasus|episodelink=Letters from Pegasus (Stargate Atlantis)|series=Stargate Atlantis|serieslink=Stargate Atlantis}}</ref><ref name="Camelot">{{cite episode|title=Camelot|episodelink=Camelot (Stargate SG-1)|series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> The 8th chevron is a key element in the [[Stargate Atlantis]] series, allowing travel to the [[Pegasus Galaxy (Stargate)|Pegasus Galaxy]].

''[[Stargate Universe]]'' introduces the concept of a nine-symbol address, the purpose of the ninth chevron never having been explored in the previous series.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gateworld.net/news/2007/03/iuniversei_deals_with_ninth_chev.shtml |title=Gateworld – Universe deals with ninth chevron |date=March 25, 2007 |publisher=gateworld.net|accessdate=March 25, 2007}}</ref> The nine-symbol addresses act as codes to dial specific Stargates, with the only two known nine-symbol addresses used to dial from the [[Milky Way]] galaxy to ''Destiny'', a massive Ancient vessel that was part of a project to explore the universe, with the project being abandoned when they started researching into ascension among other things, and from ''Destiny'' to [[Earth]]. Like eight-symbol addresses, the dialing of this address requires a significant amount of power, such that the scientists on Icarus Base had to tap into the planet's [[Technology in Stargate#Naqahdriah|naqahdriah]] core.

=== Dial-Home Device ===
{{Dablink|"DHD" redirects here. For other uses, see [[DHD (disambiguation)]].}}
[[Image:Dhd.jpg|thumb|A Dial-Home Device|The Dial-Home Device]]

There are a handful of methods used in the shows to dial a Stargate, and the most common is with the use of a Dial-Home Device. Almost always referred to as the "DHD" for short, it is depicted as a pedestal-shaped device with a round inclined control panel on top, consisting of two concentric circles of "keys" and a translucent red (Milky Way) or blue (Pegasus) hemisphere in the center; the keys represent the symbols on the rim of the Stargate. By pressing these keys a traveler builds an address. The central hemisphere serves as an "[[Carriage return|Enter]]" key to activate the Stargate once a destination has been dialed. Each DHD only has 38 keys, 19 on each ring. According to [[Radek Zelenka|Dr. Zelenka]], dialing an address leaves a small imprint on the control crystals of the DHD, and about fifty addresses can be recovered from a DHD using the proper equipment. However, this gives no indication of the order in which the addresses were dialed, and no guarantee can be made as to the accuracy of the recovered addresses.<ref name="The Lost Boys">{{cite episode |title=The Lost Boys |episodelink=The Lost Boys (Stargate Atlantis) |series=Stargate Atlantis |serieslink=Stargate Atlantis}}</ref>

[[Image:Atlantis DHD.jpg|thumb|left|DHD panel in Stargate Operations on Atlantis]]
[[Image:Dhdjumper.jpg|thumb|Milky Way puddle jumper DHD console.]]
The [[Atlantis (Stargate)|Atlantis]] DHD is more similar to the Earth's dialing computer than an actual DHD, and looks more like a set of crystal panels. It can block out certain gate addresses.<ref name="Before I Sleep">{{cite episode |episodelink=Before I Sleep (Stargate Atlantis) |title=Before I Sleep |series=Stargate Atlantis |serieslink=Stargate Atlantis}}</ref> The Atlantis DHD also has an extra control-crystal allowing the dialing of an eighth chevron during the dialing sequence and is the only DHD in the Pegasus Galaxy capable of dialing Earth.<ref name="Home">{{cite episode |title=Home |episodelink=Home (Stargate Atlantis) |series=Stargate Atlantis |serieslink=Stargate Atlantis}}</ref> A similar DHD is also used on [[Puddle Jumper (Stargate)|Puddle Jumpers]], where the set of used glyphs corresponds to the galaxy of the Puddle Jumper. The [[Wraith (Stargate)|Wraith]] also travel through Stargates in small spacecraft called [[Wraith Dart|darts]] and have some means of remote-dialing them in a manner similar to Ancient ships.<ref name="The Lost Boys"/>

The show makes it clear that every Stargate originally had its own DHD, located directly in front of the gate and facing it.<ref name="The Torment of Tantalus"/> Over time, however, some DHDs have been damaged or lost. This has been the source of plot-difficulties for the protagonists on several occasions, as it is still possible to travel to a Stargate that lacks a DHD, meaning that dialing home again will be much more difficult, if not impossible. One of the primary functions of the [[Earth technology in Stargate#Mobile Analytic Laboratory Probe (M.A.L.P.)|MALP]] that precedes an [[SG team]] is to confirm the presence of a DHD.<ref name="The Torment of Tantalus"/> In the absence of a DHD, a user must select the address by manually rotating the inner ring of the Stargate, and use an external power source, as the ring will not rotate unless it is energised.<ref name="The Torment of Tantalus" /> Pegasus Galaxy Stargates do not have a movable ring, so manually dialing these is impossible. Travelers can also emulate a DHD through a [[Tau'ri technology in Stargate#Dialing computer|Dialing computer]] as present at [[Stargate Command]]. Remote dialers have been used by several races like the [[Goa'uld]] and [[Asgard (Stargate)|Asgard]] in various episodes. As the Stargates in Stargate Universe are a different (less advanced model) the crew of the Destiny are forced to use such a device as no planet visited so far has any variation of DHD present.

=== The Wormhole ===
[[Image:Kawoosh side.jpg|thumb|left|Side-on view of a stargate as an unstable vortex is ejected.]]
Once an address is dialed, the gate is said to have created a "stable [[wormhole]]" between itself and the gate dialed. The creation process is depicted with great consistency, and hence has become one of the defining [[Motif (art)|motif]]s of ''Stargate'', at times being central in both the ''SG-1'' and ''Atlantis'' title sequences. It involves the generation of the "puddle of water" portal which lasts roughly 2 seconds, and is completed by the ejection of an unstable energy vortex resembling a surge of water or [[mercury (element)|quicksilver]]. The vortex is portrayed as a symbol of the stargate's power, invariably causing characters to be awed.<ref name="The Scourge">{{cite episode|title=The Scourge|episodelink=The Scourge (Stargate SG-1)|series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> Any matter which comes into contact with the vortex is annihilated on a molecular level, as is dramatically demonstrated by a pair of smoking shoes in the episode "[[Prisoners (Stargate SG-1)|Prisoners]]".<ref name = "Prisoners"/> The unstable vortex was later referred to by Col. Carter as the "Kawoosh", emulating the sound of the initial vortex. This aspect has been used in some cases to dispose of highly hazardous materials. The vortex is also used on one occasion to dispose of a body in a formal funeral service - the body was placed on a pyre in front of the gate, which was then activated.

The actual portal of a Stargate appears inside the inner ring when an address is correctly dialed. This has the appearance of a vertical [[puddle]] of water which represents the "event horizon" in the show. In non-fictional parlance, an [[event horizon]] is the perimeter around a [[black hole]] or wormhole beyond which the gravitational pull of the singularity would be too strong to overcome. The wavering undulations characteristic of water are supposed to represent the "fluctuations in the event horizon".<ref name="Children of the Gods"/> This puddle may then be entered (usually accompanied by a water-like sound), and the traveler will emerge from a similar pool at the destination stargate.

The show makes it clear that transit is strictly one-way; an attempt to travel "backwards" causes the traveler to be destroyed<ref name="A Hundred Days">{{cite episode|title=A Hundred Days|episodelink=A Hundred Days (Stargate SG-1)|series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref>. Although in the first episode the Goa'uld who come through at the beginning of the first episode appear to walk back through the event horizon after taking a hostage,<ref name="New Ground">{{cite episode|title=New Ground|episodelink=New Ground (Stargate SG-1)|series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> in actuality they dialed out again using a hand-held device (the whoosing sound is audible in the background). As matter is only transmitted through a Stargate once the whole object has passed the event horizon, a person or object could be retrieved from the event horizon before entering completely, as the Stargate would automatically reintegrate the traveller.

[[Image:Wormhole Travel Stargate Movie.jpg|thumb|Original wormhole travel from the [[Stargate (film)|Stargate]] movie and [[SG-1]] 1.-8.season.]]
[[Image:New wormhole.jpg|thumb|An en-route wormhole visual effect, from late ''SG-1''.]]
Passage through a Stargate's wormhole is depicted as a visual effect of shooting through a tunnel in space, although this is just a visual aid as travelers are not conscious during the trip. The average travel time between Stargates is 3.2 seconds.<ref name="Insiders">{{sgcite|Insiders|SG-1|show=ref}}</ref> In the movie and early ''SG-1'' episodes, travelers exit from the Stargate "frozen stiff" and at high speed (often being knocked from their feet), feeling as though they have been on a "roller coaster ride". The character [[Charles Kawalsky|Major Charles Kawalsky]] describes Stargate travel as worse than pulling "out of a simulated bombing run in an [[F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16]] at [[g-force|eight-plus ''g'']]".<ref name="Children of the Gods"/> In later episodes the experience is no different than stepping through a door,<ref name="Shades of Grey">{{cite episode| title = Shades of Grey| episodelink = Shades of Grey (Stargate SG-1)| series = Stargate SG-1| serieslink = Stargate SG-1}}</ref> explained as a result of refinements made to the dialing computer at the [[Stargate Command|SGC]].

Under normal circumstances, a wormhole can only be maintained for slightly more than 38 minutes.<ref name="Thirty-Eight Minutes">{{sgcite|Thirty-Eight Minutes|Atlantis|show=ref}}</ref> Extending the wormhole duration beyond this requires tremendous amounts of power, such as that provided by a nearby [[black hole]].<ref name=AMatterofTime /><ref name="First Strike">{{sgcite|First Strike|Atlantis|show=ref}}</ref>

While the "kawoosh" effect in the movie was created by filming the actual swirl of water in a glass tube, and looked like a vortex on the back of the Gate,<ref>DVD commentary for the ''Stargate'' film</ref> on the TV series, this effect was completely created in [[Computer graphics|CG]] by the Canadian [[visual effects]] company ''[[Rainmaker Digital Effects|Rainmaker]].''<ref>''Stargate Magic: Inside The Lab.'' Special feature on [[Stargate SG-1 DVD]] Volume 37 (Lost City).</ref> At the beginning of Season 9, the original movie wormhole sequence was substituted by a new sequence similar to the one already used on ''Stargate Atlantis'', but being blue as it was in the movie and ''SG-1'', whereas in ''Atlantis'' it's green.<ref>Audio commentary for "The Ties That Bind", SG-1.</ref> ''Stargate Universe'' uses a lighter shade of blue.

Throughout the run of the television franchise, it cost $5,000 to show a person stepping through the event horizon, using visual effects.<ref>Audio commentary for ''[[Stargate: Continuum]]''</ref>

===Known statements about wormhole physics===
As portrayed in the [[fictional universe]] of ''[[Stargate]]'', '''wormhole physics''' is a field of study that describes the functioning of stargates and [[wormhole]]s. It was pioneered by [[Samantha Carter]]. In the episode "[[Upgrades (Stargate SG-1)|Upgrades]]", possessing super-human abilities Samantha Carter wrote an entire book on the subject, claiming she had been wanting to write it for a long time previously but had never been able to find the time as it was such an incredibly complex subject.
*Energy to maintain an established wormhole can come from either side, though the energy to form a wormhole can only come from the dialing stargate.
*Substantial gravitational force can pass through a wormhole from either side. (i.e. the effects of a [[Black Hole]]).<ref name=AMatterofTime />
*Outgoing wormholes can be affected by exterior gravitational and electromagnetic forces, causing them to connect to stargates other than their intended targets.<ref name=AMatterofTime />
*When traveling from one gate to another, exterior forces such as solar flares can cause the wormhole to connect to a Stargate in another time period. In this case, the wormhole will then sometimes, under some unknown circumstances, connect to the source stargate. (to source gate: "[[1969 (Stargate SG-1)|1969]]", "[[2010 (Stargate SG-1)|2010]]" and "[[Time (Stargate Universe)|Time]]", to another gate: "[[The Last Man (Stargate Atlantis)|The Last Man]]", ''[[Stargate: Continuum]]'').
*Matter can only travel one way but weak energy such as radio communication can travel both ways through a Stargate. This can be explained by the hypothesis that the diameter of the wormhole is very small, possibly microscopic in size. Energy would have no problem passing through on its own but matter would need to be converted into energy and then re-integrated at the other side. Radio communications cannot pass through a wormhole traveling to a nine-chevron address (e.g. between Earth and ''Destiny'', per "[[Twin Destinies (Stargate Universe)|Twin Destinies]].)
*Artificial wormholes created by Stargates can only stay open for up to 38 minutes without an extremely powerful energy source powering the dialing gate. Such as "an infinite number of ZPMs or a black hole." (Dr. McKay, "[[First Strike (Stargate Atlantis)|First Strike]]") After 38 minutes relativistic effects come into play. No matter has been transmitted through a wormhole after 38 minutes and it is presumed unsafe.
*The ''Stargate Atlantis'' series finale demonstrates the wormhole drive, essentially taking the Stargate concept and applying it to an interstellar vessel. The drive allows Atlantis to move from the edge of the Milky Way galaxy to Earth in moments, similar to a Stargate, but uses a tremendous amount of power. It also requires precise calculation to successfully arrive at the target destination without destroying the ship.

== Complexities of function ==
Both ''Stargate SG-1'' and ''Stargate Atlantis'' introduce complicated facets of stargates to contrive more interesting plotlines. Some of these have been developed into integral parts of how Stargates function.

===Matter transmission===
Stargates only transmit entire objects at a time. Matter from an object that is only partially through the event horizon is stored in a "hyperspatial buffer". Until an object is completely through, it can still be pulled back out of the event horizon. Matter inside a buffer is effectively held in stasis. The buffer is normally wiped clean after the wormhole disconnects, at which time any matter still stored inside ceases to exist.<ref name="Thirty-Eight Minutes" /> The exception to this is if the wormhole is terminated artificially with an object already enroute, in which case it remains stored in the buffer of the receiving Gate until the next wormhole connection. In such a circumstance, the object can be rematerialized by establishing an event horizon without opening a wormhole, done by removing the control crystal of the DHD.<ref name="48 Hours">{{sgcite|48 Hours|show=ref}}</ref>

[[Momentum]] is conserved through a wormhole, so an object will exit a Stargate at the same speed at which it entered.<ref name="Upgrades">{{sgcite|Upgrades|show=ref}}</ref> However, in early episodes (and the film) objects are seen to exit at a faster speed than entry. This is possibly explained by the 'freezing effect' also witnessed – heat energy is converted to kinetic energy, both cooling the object and increasing its velocity. These effects were countered during an upgrade of Stargate Command's dialing computer.

A Stargate is able to discern whether something is "trying" to pass through as opposed to pressure from its ambient environment. Thus, active Stargates in an atmosphere or underwater do not allow gas or water molecules through.<ref name="watergate">{{cite episode| series=Stargate SG-1| serieslink=Stargate SG-1| episodelink=Watergate (Stargate SG-1)| title= Watergate}}</ref>

===Gate obstruction===
[[Image:Buried gate.jpg|thumb|A Stargate being excavated.]]
A wormhole is prevented from forming if a significant obstruction is present inside the Stargate's ring. Consequently, a simple way to seal a Stargate is to bury it, as was done to Earth's Giza Stargate.<ref name="Movie"/> Another way of controlling travel through a Stargate is by placing a barrier just above the event horizon, which will prevent incoming matter from being reintegrated (essentially annihilating it). The [[iris (Stargate)|Iris]] at the [[Stargate Command|SGC]]<ref name="The Enemy Within">{{sgcite|The Enemy Within|show=ref}}</ref> and the Gate shield at [[Atlantis (Stargate)|Atlantis]]<ref name=Rising>{{sgcite|Rising|Atlantis|show=ref}}</ref> function in this way. These barriers also prevent the formation of the unstable vortex, although radio communication is still possible.<ref name="The Enemy Within"/> In ''[[Stargate Universe]]'', the Stargate at the Icarus base was "modified" to only allow outgoing wormholes, as any incoming wormhole could potentially further destabilize the already unstable Naquadria core of the planet, which the Gate had been tied into.

=== Power source ===
Power is always required to establish an outgoing wormhole, and is usually supplied by the DHD, but any Stargate can receive a wormhole whether it has a power supply or not; the dialing gate is the one that supplies power to both. In a few cases, Stargates have been dialed "manually" when more sophisticated means were not available. This was accomplished by providing sufficient raw power to the gate and then rotating the symbol ring by hand to encode each chevron.<ref name="Prisoners">{{cite episode|title=Prisoners|episodelink=Prisoners (Stargate SG-1)|series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> Power can be fed directly into the [[Fictional materials in the Stargate universe#Naquadah|Naquadah]] that composes the gate; power harnessed from lightning strikes has been shown to be sufficient,<ref name="The Torment of Tantalus"/> as has the energy from the core of a naquadah bomb.<ref name="Bad Guys">{{cite episode|title=Bad Guys|episodelink=Bad Guys (Stargate SG-1)|series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> The Stargate that establishes an outgoing wormhole determines how long the wormhole is held open, and can generally close the wormhole at will. Under some conditions, a gate only needs enough power to connect briefly, then the receiving gate can provide enough power to maintain the connection.<ref name="Home">{{cite episode|episodelink=Home (Stargate Atlantis)| title=Home| series=Stargate Atlantis| serieslink=Stargate Atlantis}}</ref> The same is true if the outgoing gate loses power while transmitting; if the incoming gate has a DHD, it will take over powering the gate until reintegration is complete. The System Lord Anubis possessed an Ancient weapon that would channel energy into a receiving Stargate through an open dialed gate; prolonged use of this weapon would cause the gate's Naquadah to continue to absorb the energy until a significant explosion would take place.

=== Secondary gates ===
Some planets are known to possess "secondary" or "backup" Stargates.<ref name="Solitudes">"[[Solitudes (Stargate SG-1)|Solitudes]]" (''[[Stargate SG-1]]'')</ref> The second Stargate is normally inactive, with the primary Stargate (defined by the presence of a functioning [[Dial-Home Device]]) receiving all incoming wormholes.<ref name="watergate"/> If a Stargate experiences a power surge while an outgoing wormhole is open, the other end of the wormhole has been observed to "jump" to the next closest gate in the network. (The effect can also be used as a defensive measure, as seen in the episode "[[Prototype (Stargate SG-1)|Prototype]]" or to close a connection with the receiving Stargate as demonstrated in the episode "[[A Matter of Time (Stargate SG-1)|A Matter of Time]]"). In the case of a planet with two gates, the closest is the inactive secondary gate. This scenario occurred in ''SG-1'''s first season, and resulted in a second gate being discovered on Earth, located beneath the ice of [[Antarctica]].<ref name="Solitudes"/>

The Antarctic gate was later revealed to have originally been the primary Stargate on Earth, built by the Ancients. The Stargate originally used in the SGC, found in Giza, was brought to Earth by Ra from another planet. Since Stargate addresses correspond to planetary locations and not individual gates, the new gate inherited the same address as the one in Antarctica. Because the Antarctic gate had been abandoned millennia earlier by the Ancients and no longer had a connected DHD, Ra's gate became the primary.

In the episode "[[Nemesis (Stargate SG-1)|Nemesis]]", SG-1 transports the Stargate from Stargate Command onto a crashing spaceship in order to escape. The gate is replaced at the SGC by the Antarctic gate. The original gate survives the crash, however, and the Russian military takes possession of it to conduct their own off-world travel. Because they were also in possession of a DHD (not found in the original Giza dig but recovered from Germany after WWII), which they activated and deactivated at pre-defined times, they were able to selectively become the primary gate. Using a strict schedule for returning teams, they were able to avoid detection by the US Air Force for some time.<ref name="watergate"/>

In [[Redemption (Stargate SG-1)|Redemption]], the second Stargate was destroyed by [[Anubis (Stargate)|Anubis]]. In order to continue their Stargate program, the [[United States Air Force|US Air Force]] took on loan the Giza Stargate from the Russians at a hefty price, and this gate is now the only one left on Earth. This Stargate was eventually traded from the Russians for the ''[[List of Earth starships in Stargate#Korolev|Korolev]]''.<ref name="Redemption"/>

In the episode, "Irresistible", it is revealed that Pegasus galaxy Stargates supersede the older, more outdated Stargates, such as the one on Earth. The first time this was encountered at the Midway Station with the Milky Way and the Pegasus gates, which was resolved by use of a programming macro. A similar situation occurred when Earth was unable to dial out from the SGC, due to a Wraith "super-hive" ship in orbit around the moon; with its own Pegasus Stargate, the programming of the newer gates forced it to take precedence over incoming wormholes to the older outdated Stargates, and therefore prevented the Earth gate at the SGC from dialing out.

=== Durability ===
Stargates are very durable; the oldest in the Milky Way is probably the Antarctic Gate, 50 million years old yet still perfectly functioning; the power source may have been younger.<ref name="Frozen">{{cite episode|title=Frozen|episodelink=Frozen (Stargate SG-1)|series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref>

The Stargates themselves are extremely resistant to damage or destruction: in one case, a Stargate survived a direct hit from a meteor,<ref name="A Hundred Days" /> while another was still capable of creating a stable wormhole while on a planet near a newly formed black hole.<ref name=AMatterofTime>{{Cite episode|title = A Matter of Time|episodelink = Stargate SG-1 (season 2)|series = Stargate SG-1|serieslink = Stargate SG-1|airdate = 1999-01-29|season = 2}}</ref> A Stargate has also been seen to continue functioning while entering a star,<ref name="Exodus">{{cite episode| episodelink=Exodus (Stargate SG-1)| title=Exodus| series=Stargate SG-1| serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref> though it was protected by a portable forcefield for a portion of its journey. In the ''SG-1'' fourth season episode "[[Chain Reaction (Stargate SG-1)|Chain Reaction]]", the SGC sent a [[Fictional materials in the Stargate universe#Naquadah|naquadah]]-enhanced [[nuclear bomb]] to a planet whose surface had trace amounts of naquadah in its topsoil; the explosion destroyed the entire planet, yet the gate still remained open and intact.
In the ninth season of ''Stargate SG-1'' the United States develops a [[Technology in Stargate#Naqahdriah|naqahdriah]]-enhanced "Gatebuster" [[Nuclear weapon|nuclear bomb]] that is theoretically capable of destroying a Stargate (the "Mark IX"). However, when it was first used it failed to destroy the intended Stargate, as an Ori shield defending the gate was being powered by the weapon attacks attempting to destroy it.

However, a later attempt (in the episode "[[The Shroud (Stargate SG-1)|The Shroud]]") successfully destroyed an active Stargate in the Pegasus Galaxy by placing a Mark IX warhead behind the gate, thus preventing the energy from being absorbed by the open wormhole.

=== Susceptibility ===
The Stargate and its network is susceptible to computer viruses. In the episode "[[Avenger 2.0 (Stargate SG-1)|Avenger 2.0]]" the entire Stargate network is brought down by a virus created by Dr. Felger. Although not intentional, the virus was altered by [[Ba'al (Stargate)|Ba'al]] to take the network down. It was previously unknown that each [[Dial-Home Device|DHD]] does periodic correlative updates by dialing other gates in close proximity to one another. The updates were designed to compensate for stellar drift to thus maintain the proper coordinates. The Stargate at the SGC uses a human developed "Dialing Computer" rather than a DHD which accounts for the lack of in depth knowledge regarding the DHDs. It is also what saved the network as the Earth Stargate was the only gate unaffected by the virus because it has no DHD.

Stargates are also susceptible to a precise form of subspace interference which causes active Stargates to build up energy until they explode, vaporizing much of the surrounding area for a significant distance. To date the only known source of the interference is the Ancient [[Ancient technology in Stargate#Attero device|Attero device]], which created it as a side effect to its primary purpose and has since been destroyed.

=== Other uses ===
In several episodes of the series, the Stargate Network was used for a purpose other than interplanetary travel. In the plots in which these extra functions feature, they are almost always discovered by a fluke, and were not intended in the design of the Stargates. Two such occurrences regard the Stargate's interaction with time, such as "[[1969 (Stargate SG-1)|1969]]", in which the [[SG-1]] team accidentally travels backward in time to the year 1969, as a result of the matter transmission stream passing through a [[solar flare]]. The character [[Samantha Carter]] intentionally uses this phenomenon in the episode "[[2010 (Stargate SG-1)|2010]]", where she uses advanced technology to predict a flare and send a message back in time. Time is also a factor in the episode "[[Window of Opportunity (Stargate SG-1)|Window of Opportunity]]", when a scientist uses a failed time machine built by the Ancients to isolate a region defined by 14 stargates from the rest of the [[space-time continuum]], causing a [[time loop]].

In several episodes, the Stargate, and the cobbled-together dialing program used by the SGC, are nearly the cause of disaster. In the episode "[[Red Sky (Stargate SG-1)|Red Sky]]", the bypassing of a system error caused the Stargate to introduce atoms of [[plutonium]] into the center of a star, causing the star to become unstable. In the episode "[[Ripple Effect (Stargate SG-1)|Ripple Effect]]", an unknown device or method was used to connect different realities and was reversed by use of an [[Asgard (Stargate)|Asgard]] beam weapon.

Later in ''Stargate SG-1'' a feature of the Stargate Network, whereby one stargate can be caused to dial multiple other gates simultaneously, is revealed. This allows a blast wave such as that of the [[Dakara Superweapon]] to extend almost indefinitely throughout the galaxy, as seen in "[[Reckoning (Stargate SG-1)|Reckoning]]".

In the episode {{sgcite|Exodus}}, a Stargate was used as a weapon capable of destroying an entire solar system. The gate was dialed into a planet in close proximity to a black hole. The gate (protected by a force field) was then sent into a star. The resulting loss of mass caused the sun to go supernova, destroying the solar system and [[Apophis (Stargate)|Apophis]]'s fleet, which was orbiting the star at that time.

== Features ==
Stargates are all held to be made of the fictional heavy mineral "[[Fictional materials in the Stargate universe#Naquadah|Naquadah]]", an immense [[superconductor]] which is also extremely durable. Milky Way stargates are held to be {{convert|64000|lb|abbr=on}} in weight.<ref name="Redemption">{{cite episode|title=Redemption| episodelink=Redemption (Stargate SG-1)| series=Stargate SG-1|serieslink=Stargate SG-1}}</ref>

=== Milky Way ===
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Stargate SG-1 Gates.png|thumb|Schematic diagram of a Milky Way stargate with glyphs]] -->
A [[Milky Way]] Stargate has 39 inscribed symbols on the inner ring. In the original ''[[Stargate (film)|Stargate]]'' film, this inner ring rotates until the dialed symbol is aligned with the appropriate chevron in the sequence, at which point the ring pauses, and the chevron separates and retracts to indicate it is engaged. Dialing then resumes. In the ''[[Stargate SG-1]]'' series, the sequence is similar except that all symbols are dialed to the seventh (topmost) chevron, which is the only one that moves, and the chevrons glow orange as they are engaged. (The film prop differs slightly from the series Stargate, in that the topmost chevron is different in design from the others, and none of the chevrons glow.)

With 38 symbols, the Stargate Network in the Milky Way has (theoretically) 1,987,690,320 (38×37×36×35×34×33) possible 7-symbol addresses. However, since only a small fraction of these make up valid destinations, randomly dialing the Stargate is largely futile.<ref name="Children of the Gods"/> If the person dialing does not know the point-of-origin symbol, there are many more possible combinations.

Because the gate on Earth was found without a DHD,<ref name="film"/> the Stargate team on Earth developed the technology to interface with the gate in order to power it and dial it by the use of computers.<ref name="Children of the Gods"/> Unlike a DHD, their version is essentially manual dialing, as the system physically moves the inner ring to lock in the address. Dialing on a DHD automatically locks in the symbols, making the DHD much faster at dialing. However, the SGC's dialing computer has the advantage of controlling access to the Stargate and storing working addresses, whereas a DHD can be used by anyone and has no list.

====Symbols at Giza====
[[Image:Milky Way stargate.png|thumb|Schematic diagram of a Milky Way stargate with glyphs]]
As mentioned in the original film, the symbols on the [[Giza]] Stargate correspond to constellations as seen from Earth, except for the point of origin symbol. The ''SG-1'' season 7 finale {{sgcite|Lost City}} reveals that each symbol has a corresponding syllable in the Ancient language, so that Gate addresses can be spoken aloud (e.g. the Earth symbol is pronounced "at" in Ancient).

{| class="wikitable" style="background-color:white;"
|-
|-
|[[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 01.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 02.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 03.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 04.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 05.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 06.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 07.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 08.svg|50px]]
! Position
! Glyph
! Constellation
! The Ancients
name and pronunciation
! Position
! Glyph
! Constellation
! The Ancients
name and pronunciation
! Position
! Glyph
! Constellation
! The Ancients
name and pronunciation
|-
|-
|[[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 09.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 10.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 11.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 12.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 13.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 14.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 15.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 16.svg|50px]]
|1
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 01.svg|55px]]
|Origin symbol<sup>†</sup>(Earth)
| at [æt]
|14
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 14.svg|55px]]
|[[Microscopium]]
|n/a
|27
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 27.svg|55px]]
|[[Taurus (constellation)|Taurus]]
|n/a
|-
|-
|[[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 17.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 18.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 19.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 20.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 21.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 22.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 23.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 24.svg|50px]]
|2
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 02.svg|55px]]
|[[Crater (constellation)|Crater]]
|n/a
|15
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 15.svg|55px]]
|[[Capricornus]]
|n/a
|28
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 28.svg|55px]]
|[[Auriga (constellation)|Auriga]]
|n/a
|-
|-
|[[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 25.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 26.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 27.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 28.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 29.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 30.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 31.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 32.svg|50px]]
|3
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 03.svg|55px]]
|[[Virgo (constellation)|Virgo]]
| cla [klæ]
|16
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 16.svg|55px]]
|[[Piscis Austrinus]]
|n/a
|29
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 29.svg|55px]]
|[[Eridanus (constellation)|Eridanus]]
| Ta [tɛ]
|-
|-
|[[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 33.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 34.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 35.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 36.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 37.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 38.svg|50px]][[File:Stargate SG·1 symbol 39.svg|50px]]
|4
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 04.svg|55px]]
|[[Boötes]]
|n/a
|17
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 17.svg|55px]]
|[[Equuleus]]
| as [æz]
|30
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 30.svg|55px]]
|[[Orion (constellation)|Orion]]
|n/a
|-
|5
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 05.svg|55px]]
|[[Centaurus]]
| on [ɒn]
|18
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 18.svg|55px]]
|[[Aquarius (constellation)|Aquarius]]
|n/a
|31
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 31.svg|55px]]
|[[Canis Minor]]
| rush [rəʃ]
|-
|6
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 06.svg|55px]]
|[[Libra (constellation)|Libra]]
|n/a
|19
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 19.svg|55px]]
|[[Pegasus (constellation)|Pegasus]]
|n/a
|32
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 32.svg|55px]]
|[[Monoceros]]
|n/a
|-
|7
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 07.svg|55px]]
|[[Serpens|Serpens Caput]]
|n/a
|20
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 20.svg|55px]]
|[[Sculptor (constellation)|Sculptor]]
|n/a
|33
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 33.svg|55px]]
|[[Gemini (constellation)|Gemini]]
|n/a
|-
|8
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 09.svg|55px]]
|[[Norma (constellation)|Norma]]
|n/a
|21
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 21.svg|55px]]
|[[Pisces (constellation)|Pisces]]
|n/a
|34
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 34.svg|55px]]
|[[Hydra (constellation)|Hydra]]
|n/a
|-
|9
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 08.svg|55px]]
|[[Scorpius]]
|n/a
|22
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 22.svg|55px]]
|[[Andromeda (constellation)|Andromeda]]
|n/a
|35
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 35.svg|55px]]
|[[Lynx (constellation)|Lynx]]
| Pro [prə]
|-
|10
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 10.svg|55px]]
|[[Corona Australis]]
|n/a
|23
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 23.svg|55px]]
|[[Triangulum]]
|n/a
|36
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 36.svg|55px]]
|[[Cancer (constellation)|Cancer]]
|n/a
|-
|11
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 11.svg|55px]]
|[[Scutum]]
|n/a
|24
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 24.svg|55px]]
|[[Aries (constellation)|Aries]]
|n/a
|37
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 37.svg|55px]]
|[[Sextans]]
|n/a
|-
|12
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 12.svg|55px]]
|[[Sagittarius (constellation)|Sagittarius]]
|n/a
|25
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 25.svg|55px]]
|[[Perseus (constellation)|Perseus]]
|n/a
|38
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 38.svg|55px]]
|[[Leo Minor]]
|n/a
|-
|13
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 13.svg|55px]]
|[[Aquila (constellation)|Aquila]]
|n/a
|26
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 26.svg|55px]]
|[[Cetus]]
|n/a
|39
|[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 39.svg|55px]]
|[[Leo (constellation)|Leo]]
|n/a
|}
|}


星門大体上是指在距離很遠的兩處的，能夠在激活時形成一個連接這兩個地點的門的兩台機械設備。這個概念最初由負責電影腳本的[[迪安·德夫林]]和[[罗兰·艾默里奇]]提出。<ref name="imdb">{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0111282/trivia|title=''Stargate'' trivia from IMDb|access-date=2012-06-09|archive-date=2020-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112034931/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0111282/trivia|dead-url=no}}</ref>儘管在此之前，類似的設備已经出現在了科幻片中，不過他們的設計還是很具有原創特色。不過也有人認為他们抄襲了電影發行的10年前，埃及學家Omar Zuhdi曾經提交的脚本。<ref name="imdb"/>Omar Zuhdi為此采取了法律行动。該案件目前已经達成庭外和解。<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.legalmetric.com/cases/copyright/okwd/okwd_595cv00090.html| title=Litigation Analysis: Oklahoma Western District Court 5:95cv00090| publisher=LegalMetric| accessdate=September 7, 2010| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100930025640/https://www.legalmetric.com/cases/copyright/okwd/okwd_595cv00090.html| archivedate=2010年9月30日}}</ref>
<small><sup>†</sup>This symbol is supposed to be unique to the planet Earth. In the movie, Dr. Jackson interprets it as representing the Sun over the peak of a pyramid. Other planets are described as having their own unique origin symbols. That said, certain other stargates, including the one on Icarus Base and the one on Klorel's mothership in the Season One finale, included the Earth Origin symbol. In those cases, the Earth symbol replaces another glyph, implying the possibility that Earth is a legitimate coordinate in off-world Stargate dialing, and that certain Stargates may not be able to dial all others due to missing glyphs.</small>


在[[奇幻小说]]與科幻的歷史上，[[传送门]]是一个非常常見的物體，或是機械設備，或是有魔術的物體，形狀亦千奇百怪，但是其中間幾乎不可或缺的都是如一潭水一般的膜。这層膜就表示了两个空间的连接点。星门也受此影响，并强调了这个“水潭”是外星人的杰作。
===Pegasus galaxy===
<gallery>
[[Image:Pegasus stargate.png|thumb|Schematic diagram of a Pegasus stargate with glyphs]]
File:Milky way stargate with very detailed glyphs2.svg|本銀河系的機械式星門型式
[[Image:Pegasus-gate.jpg|thumb|An orbital Stargate in the Pegasus galaxy, with 3 station-keeping rocket packs attached evenly around the rim.]]
File:Pegasus stargate with very detailed glyphs.svg|飛馬座的電子式星門型式
In the spinoff series ''[[Stargate Atlantis]]'', an expedition dials the 8-symbol address <span style="white-space: nowrap;">[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 19.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 21.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 02.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 16.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 15.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 09.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 20.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 01.svg|20px]]</span>
File:DHD at Japan Expo (Paris) in 2008.jpg|撥號盤
from [[Stargate Command]] to travel to the [[Ancient (Stargate)|Ancients]]' [[Atlantis (Stargate)|Lost City of Atlantis]], located in the [[Pegasus Galaxy (Stargate)|Pegasus galaxy]]. They find that the Ancients seeded planets throughout the Pegasus galaxy with Stargates, too. Unlike the gray and red Milky Way version, Pegasus Stargates have a brighter gold and blue color scheme. Functionally, the Pegasus Stargates are unique in that their inner ring does not move. Instead, the symbols blink in a circular pattern until reaching the relevant points. This makes manual dialing of Pegasus Stargates impossible. The alternative Stargate design in the Pegasus galaxy is one of many things the producers of the shows employed to differentiate between ''SG-1'' and ''Atlantis''.
</gallery>


== 參見 ==
Another important difference between the two forms of Stargate is that Pegasus Gates supersede Milky Way gates when in close proximity; this may be because Pegasus Stargates are a newer model, having been created after the Ancients left the Milky Way. This is demonstrated in the ''Stargate Atlantis'' finale "Enemy at the Gate", where a Wraith Super-Hive brings a Pegasus Gate with them to Earth, thereby intercepting any incoming travelers.
*[[星際之門：SG-1]]
*{{tsl|en|Stargate Atlantis|星際之門：亞特蘭帝斯}}
*[[星际之门：宇宙]]


== 参考资料 ==
Pegasus Stargates contain 36 symbols as opposed to the Milky Way's 39. Seven symbols are still required to dial an interplanetary address, adhering to the same constraints as a Milky Way gate. With 35 symbols, the Stargate network in the Pegasus galaxy has 1,168,675,200 (35×34×33×32×31×30) possible 7-symbol addresses.

The only Stargate in the Pegasus galaxy capable of reaching Stargates in the Milky Way is the one in Atlantis. This is due to a special "control crystal" in the Atlantis DHD, without which a Pegasus Stargate cannot encode its eighth chevron.<ref name="Before I Sleep">{{sgcite|Before I Sleep|Atlantis|show=ref}}</ref> The crystal is not restricted to be used only in that particular DHD, as in "[[Stargate Atlantis (season 1)#ep9|Home]]", the crystal was temporarily removed and installed into the "normal" DHD of M5S-224 by McKay.

Some Pegasus Stargates are placed in orbit around a planet (sometimes called "Spacegates" in the show) rather than on its surface, something that has never been seen in the Milky Way. Ships such as the [[Starships in Stargate#Puddle jumper|Ancient puddle jumper]] and the [[Starships in Stargate#Dart|Wraith dart]] are designed to fit through Stargates, and have built-in DHDs.<ref name="Rising"/> Orbital Stargates are kept in place by the three station-keeping thrusters placed equidistantly around the circumference. As seen in the ''Atlantis'' season 5 episode "Ghost in the Machine", they will correct for sudden impacts to the gate, such as being hit by a Puddle Jumper.<ref name="Ghost in the Machine">{{sgcite|Ghost in the Machine|Atlantis|show=ref}}</ref>

====Symbols at Atlantis====
The symbols depicted on the Atlantis gate again correspond to constellations, although in this case the constellations are fictional. The Atlantis glyphs do have names, as seen in a shot of McKay's laptop in the episode "[[Sateda (Stargate Atlantis)|Sateda]]".

{| class="wikitable" style="background-color:white;"
|-
! Position
! Glyph
! Constellation
! Position
! Glyph
! Constellation
! Position
! Glyph
! Constellation
|-
|1
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph12.svg|55px]]
|
|13
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph13.svg|55px]]
|
|25
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph15.svg|55px]]
| Rdehi
|-
|2
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph02.svg|55px]]
|
|14
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph14.svg|55px]]
|
|26
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph26.svg|55px]]
|
|-
|3
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph18.svg|55px]]
| Alura
|15
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph25.svg|55px]]
|
|27
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph27.svg|55px]]
|
|-
|4
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph04.svg|55px]]
|
|16
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph16.svg|55px]]
|
|28
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph28.svg|55px]]
|
|-
|5
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph06.svg|55px]]
|
|17
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph17.svg|55px]]
|
|29
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph29.svg|55px]]
|
|-
|6
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph05.svg|55px]]
| Ecrumig
|18
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph03.svg|55px]]
|
|30
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph30.svg|55px]]
|
|-
|7
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph07.svg|55px]]
|
|19
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph19.svg|55px]]
| Subido (point of origin for Atlantis)<sup>†</sup>
|31
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph31.svg|55px]]
|
|-
|8
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph08.svg|55px]]
|
|20
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph20.svg|55px]]
| Salma
|32
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph35.svg|55px]]
| Gilltin
|-
|9
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph09.svg|55px]]
| Earth
|21
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph21.svg|55px]]
|
|33
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph33.svg|55px]]
|
|-
|10
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph10.svg|55px]]
|
|22
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph22.svg|55px]]
|
|34
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph34.svg|55px]]
|
|-
|11
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph11.svg|55px]]
|
|23
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph23.svg|55px]]
|
|35
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph32.svg|55px]]
|
|-
|12
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph01.svg|55px]]
| Arami
|24
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph24.svg|55px]]
|
|36
|[[Image:AtlantisGlyph36.svg|55px]]
|
|}

<small><sup>†</sup>As with ''SG-1'', this origin symbol is unique to the stargate at Atlantis, and other stargates have their own unique origin symbols as well. Atlantis has since been moved; it is unclear if this has changed the origin symbol, since it is a constellation rather than an abstract as it is on SG-1.</small>

===Destiny===
[[Image:Destiny stargate.png|thumb|Schematic diagram of a Destiny's stargate with glyphs]]
In ''[[Stargate Universe]]'', a group of civilians and military dials the 9-symbol address <span style="white-space: nowrap;">[[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 06.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 17.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 21.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 31.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 35.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 24.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 05.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 14.svg|20px]] [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 01.svg|20px]]</span> from Icarus Base to escape to the Ancient ship called ''Destiny''. Unlike other addresses, this set of symbols specifically uses the [[Image:Stargate SG·1 symbol 01.svg|20px]] symbol for the final chevron instead of the local point of origin. This version of the Stargate appears to spin the entire ring of the gate, locking the relevant symbols in as they reach the top. ''Destiny'' Stargates contain 36 symbols like Pegasus Stargates. The worlds seeded with Stargates ahead of the ''Destiny'' use the same model. The ''Destiny'' Stargate is possibly the oldest model of Stargate used by the Ancients,<ref name="moviehole-stargate"/> and as such is incapable of dialing anywhere in the galaxy as an ordinary Stargate can. Instead, the ship has to move within range of other Stargates in order to dial them.<ref name="moviehole-stargate">{{cite web |url=
http://www.moviehole.net/200920239-stargate-universe-cast |title=Moviehole. Stargate Universe cast |publisher=Moviehole |accessdate=November 6, 2009}}</ref>

Similar to Atlantis, the ''Destiny'' has a built-in dialing computer which can automatically dial the gate and stores a list of addresses. It locks out certain addresses, presumably because they are either dangerous or inconsequential to the current problem. Two expedition members who went to one of the locked-out addresses could not be contacted upon redialing. The ''Destiny'' also has hand-held dialing computers for those that travel through the Gate to make use of, as there do not appear to be on-site DHDs thus far. Gates on planet are equipped with platform, which transmits information about planet through subspace to Destiny. Since DHDs are absent, it is presumed the platforms are used to power the Gates.

It is doubtful the glyphs on the ''Destiny'' Stargate are related to constellations, as ''Destiny'' can dial addresses in numerous galaxies, and each galaxy would have its own unique set of constellations. These glyphs likely incorporate some form of ancient Ancient numeral system (the glyphs are similar to a mix of Morse code and Arabic/Chinese numeral systems on Earth) that calculates the direction and distance for the wormhole to go relative to Destiny's position in space from the destination Stargate.

====Symbols at Destiny====
{| class="wikitable" style="background-color:white;text-align:center;"
|-
! Position
! Glyph
! Constellation
! Position
! Glyph
! Constellation
! Position
! Glyph
! Constellation
! Position
! Glyph
! Constellation
|-
|align="left"|1
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph01.png|55px]]
|A
|align="left"|10
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph10.png|55px]]
|J
|align="left"|19
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph19.png|55px]]
|S
|align="left"|28
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph28.png|55px]]
|2
|-
|align="left"|2
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph02.png|55px]]
|B
|align="left"|11
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph11.png|55px]]
|K
|align="left"|20
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph20.png|55px]]
|T
|align="left"|29
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph29.png|55px]]
|3
|-
|align="left"|3
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph03.png|55px]]
|C
|align="left"|12
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph12.png|55px]]
|L
|align="left"|21
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph21.png|55px]]
|U
|align="left"|30
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph30.png|55px]]
|4
|-
|align="left"|4
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph04.png|55px]]
|D
|align="left"|13
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph13.png|55px]]
|M
|align="left"|22
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph22.png|55px]]
|V
|align="left"|31
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph31.png|55px]]
|5
|-
|align="left"|5
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph05.png|55px]]
|E
|align="left"|14
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph14.png|55px]]
|N
|align="left"|23
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph23.png|55px]]
|W
|align="left"|32
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph32.png|55px]]
|6
|-
|align="left"|6
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph06.png|55px]]
|F
|align="left"|15
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph15.png|55px]]
|O
|align="left"|24
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph24.png|55px]]
|X
|align="left"|33
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph33.png|55px]]
|7
|-
|align="left"|7
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph07.png|55px]]
|G
|align="left"|16
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph16.png|55px]]
|P
|align="left"|25
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph25.png|55px]]
|Y
|align="left"|34
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph34.png|55px]]
|8
|-
|align="left"|8
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph08.png|55px]]
|H
|align="left"|17
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph17.png|55px]]
|Q
|align="left"|26
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph26.png|55px]]
|Z
|align="left"|35
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph35.png|55px]]
|9
|-
|align="left"|9
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph09.png|55px]]
|I
|align="left"|18
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph18.png|55px]]
|R
|align="left"|27
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph27.png|55px]]
|1
|align="left"|36
|[[Image:UniverseGlyph36.png|55px]]
|0
|}

==Other variants==
[[Image:Mini gate.jpg|thumb|Orlin's makeshift Stargate.]]
*'''Orlin's Stargate''' In the ''[[Stargate SG-1]]'' episode "[[Ascension (Stargate SG-1)|Ascension]]", the outcast [[Ancient (Stargate)|Ancient]], [[Ancient characters in Stargate#Orlin|Orlin]], builds a miniature Stargate in [[Samantha Carter]]'s basement. Its stated components included 100 pounds of pure raw titanium, {{convert|200|ft|m}} of fiber optic cable, seven 100,000 watt industrial strength capacitors, and a toaster. This gate was hooked up to the main power supply of the house and only connected once, to Velona, before burning out.
*'''Tollan Stargate''' In "[[Pretense (Stargate SG-1)|Pretense]]", the advanced [[Tollan (Stargate)|Tollan]] civilization is shown to have a new Stargate, built with the assistance of the [[Nox (Stargate)|Nox]]. [[Jack O'Neill]] sarcastically mocks the Tollan gate, saying "Ours is bigger". The Tollan Stargate is destroyed by the Goa'uld in "[[Between Two Fires (Stargate SG-1)|Between Two Fires]]".
*'''Ori "Supergate"''' (''[[Technology in Stargate#Ori technology|main article]]'') In the ninth season of ''Stargate SG-1'', the [[Ori (Stargate)|Ori]] were introduced as the new main enemy for the show. The Ori employ extremely large Stargates to move their fleet of warships from their home galaxy to the Milky Way. Dubbed "Supergates", these devices are composed of 90 individual segments and are powered by a [[quantum singularity]].<ref name="Beachhead">{{sgcite|Beachhead|Atlantis|show=ref}}</ref>
*'''McKay-Carter Intergalactic Gate Bridge''' (''[[Earth technology in Stargate#McKay-Carter Intergalactic Gate Bridge|main article]]'') Introduced in season 3 of ''Stargate Atlantis'', the Gate Bridge is a chain of Stargates placed between the Milky Way and the Pegasus galaxies, allowing movement between Atlantis and Earth without the need for a [[ZPM]] or the [[Earth starships in Stargate#Daedalus|''Daedalus'']]. Halfway along the Bridge is Midway Station, where travelers switch from one galaxy's gate system to the other.<ref name="The Return">{{sgcite|The Return|Atlantis|show=ref}}</ref> The Bridge is hijacked by the [[Wraith (Stargate)|Wraith]] in the episode {{sgcite|Midway|Atlantis}}, and the Midway Station is destroyed as a result of Wraith tampering in the control systems. As a result of the destruction of the Midway Station, the gate bridge has since become inoperative.
*'''Asuran satellite weapon''' (''[[Technology in Stargate#Asuran technology|main article]]'') In the ''Stargate Atlantis'' season 3 finale, "[[First Strike (Stargate Atlantis)|First Strike]]", the [[Asuran]]s send a satellite weapon to attack Atlantis in response to the ''Apollo''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s bombing of their homeworld. The weapon consists of an eight-chevron Stargate, hyperdrive, shield, and a navigation system. Once it reaches its target, the Stargate activates and the Asurans fire an energy beam through.

== Making of the props ==
Two full Stargate [[Theatrical properties|prop]]s were originally built for the ''SG-1'' pilot {{sgcite|Children of the Gods}}, the second of which was reconstructed from the prop used in the [[Stargate (film)|film]]. They are made of steel and [[fiberglass]], and are {{convert|15|ft|m}} in diameter. The second prop is less detailed, and is used for exterior scenes; in the pilot it was used solely on the planet [[Chulak]]. The primary one, however, is quite sophisticated. It is fully automated, and capable of rotating and emitting light. This is achieved by the use of a specially designed {{convert|15|ft|m|sing=on}} circular [[gear]], which turns the inner ring on a precise [[pinion]] drive wheel, using an eight [[horsepower]] electric motor. The top seven chevrons emit [[laser]] pulses which are read by a sensor fed into a computer responsible for the gate's movement, which is consequently able to start and stop the rotation very quickly. This main prop is kept almost immovably at the permanent set of the [[Stargate Command|SGC]], at Bridge Studios, [[Vancouver]].<ref name="prod">{{cite web|url=http://www.rdanderson.com/stargate/productn/productn.htm|title=Production notes for ''Stargate SG-1''|work=[[Richard Dean Anderson]] Official Website}}</ref>

There are further Stargate props which are no more than two-dimensional or semi-three-dimensional (jar-lid shaped) Stargates, being more lightweight and easier to erect on location. These are always filmed front-on to preserve the illusion. If a shot involves the [[Iris (Stargate)|iris]], this is added in post-production, as the mechanics of it opening and closing would be very difficult to build. However, when a Stargate is filmed with just a closed iris (i.e. without it moving), a tangible prop is inserted into place.

The visual effects for ''Stargate SG-1'' and ''Stargate Atlantis'' are predominantly produced by [[Rainmaker Digital Effects]], a notable visual-effects studio. However, some effects, including the entire Ori battle sequence in the episode {{sgcite|Camelot}}, were done "in-house".<ref name="brad">{{cite web|url=http://www.gateworld.net/articles/interviews/wright02.shtml|title=Interview with Brad Wright|work=[[Gateworld]]}}</ref> The unstable vortex effect, both in the film and the early seasons of the series, on account of being "difficult to achieve" was generated only once and recorded from various angles; this recording was the same used for all gate opening shots early in the series.<ref name="prod"/> Rather than being a jet of water, it is actually the image of high-pressure air being blasted ''into'' a tank of water. The effect was achieved by mounting a jet airplane engine two feet above a water tank, and using its {{convert|180|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} windstream to create the sufficient water displacement. In post production, the surrounding water was removed with computer editing, and the image of the air-jet pasted into the center of the opening stargate. This technique was only used for earlier episodes, and the effect was replicated digitally soon after to allow more flexibility in shots.

To cut down on costs, the opening of a Stargate is often just ''implied'' rather than shown, by a costless sound-effect followed by distinct lighting effects characteristic of light shining through water (as the event horizon is depicted). The [[Stargate SG-1 DVD|DVD]] commentary for ''Stargate SG-1'' explains that these effects are produced by reflecting light off large sheets of vibrating [[Mylar]].

The Stargate itself is nearly always filmed against a [[bluescreen|blue or green]] backdrop, not only making it easier to paste the vortex imagery onto the scene, but also facilitating the superimposition of the "event horizon ripple effect", which is entirely [[computer-generated]]. However, if a shot only involves an open wormhole without anyone stepping through it, the crew may choose to use a "practical puddle," which is simply a back lit screen placed in the gate displaying a video of the wormhole effect. This only works, however, on a darker set, as otherwise the projection will get washed out.<ref>{{cite episode | title = The Pegasus Project (DVD Commentary) | episodelink = The Pegasus Project (Stargate SG-1) | series = Stargate SG-1 | serieslink = Stargate SG-1 | airdate = July 28, 2006 | season = 10 | number = 3 }}</ref> On occasion, the Stargate itself is also completely swapped out for a computer generated model, usually in cases where it is being moved, or is depicted in space. Series producer [[Robert C. Cooper]] explained that it often costs a lot to erect a Stargate on location, and so in some cases offworld gates are also entirely a visual effect.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gateworld.net/articles/interviews/cooper01.shtml|title=Interview with Robert C. Cooper|work=[[GateWorld]]}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Technology in Stargate]]
*''[[Stargate SG-1]]''
*''[[Stargate Atlantis]]''
*''[[Stargate Universe]]''
*[[Portals in science fiction]]

==References==
{{Reflist|3}}
{{Reflist|3}}


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[[Category:Faster-than-light travel in fiction]]
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[[Category:蟲洞題材作品]]
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[[Category:星際之門]]

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2023年1月14日 (六) 17:32的最新版本

星門是指在星际之门系列中，用于在兩個距離非常遙遠的地點間進行快速旅行的装置。在此系列中，星門被用于展開情節，並允許主角在不借助太空船或其他科技的情况下進行星際旅行。

在星际之门系列中，星門是一个由虛構的超导材料naqahdah建造的大環。[1]每台星門的外環上㑹有9個等間距的箭頭来指示呼叫的地址。内環上則有一系列獨特的图形符號。银河系星门和飞马座星系星门上的所有符號中，有一個是用来表示出發點的符號，剩下的則表示不同的星座。而在命運號風格的星門上的圖形符號的意義依然是未知数。星門上圖形符號的數量取决于星門所属的星門網路。銀河系星門有39個，飛馬座星系星門和命運號星門則是36個。選中的6個圖形符號，外加一個出發地符號將被用于在宇宙中定位呼叫的目的地。[1][2]除此之外，還可以選擇額外的圖形符號来延長旅行距離，以便達到其他星系中的星門。當然，這样的星系間旅行勢必必將消耗比星系内旅行更多的能量。兩個星門之間通過形成一个人工的穩定虫洞来允许快速的單向旅行。標準的星門直徑通常是4.6米，重29吨。[3]星門是在數百萬年前由外星種族古人（英语：Ancients (Stargate)）創造的。[4]該種族的現代歷史是從埃及学家丹尼尔·杰克逊（英语：Daniel_Jackson_(Stargate)）在星際之門電影中解密了他們的成就開始的。[2]

概念與原型

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星際之門的星座字碼

星門大体上是指在距離很遠的兩處的，能夠在激活時形成一個連接這兩個地點的門的兩台機械設備。這個概念最初由負責電影腳本的迪安·德夫林和罗兰·艾默里奇提出。[5]儘管在此之前，類似的設備已经出現在了科幻片中，不過他們的設計還是很具有原創特色。不過也有人認為他们抄襲了電影發行的10年前，埃及學家Omar Zuhdi曾經提交的脚本。[5]Omar Zuhdi為此采取了法律行动。該案件目前已经達成庭外和解。[6]

在奇幻小说與科幻的歷史上，传送门是一个非常常見的物體，或是機械設備，或是有魔術的物體，形狀亦千奇百怪，但是其中間幾乎不可或缺的都是如一潭水一般的膜。这層膜就表示了两个空间的连接点。星门也受此影响，并强调了这个“水潭”是外星人的杰作。

  • 本銀河系的機械式星門型式
    本銀河系的機械式星門型式
  • 飛馬座的電子式星門型式
    飛馬座的電子式星門型式
  • 撥號盤
    撥號盤

參見

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参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Template:Sgcite
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Stargate
  3. ^ Template:Sgcite
  4. ^ Template:Sgcite
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Stargate trivia from IMDb. [2012-06-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-12）. 
  6. ^ Litigation Analysis: Oklahoma Western District Court 5:95cv00090. LegalMetric. [September 7, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2010年9月30日）. 
检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/zhwiki/w/index.php?title=星門_(裝置)&oldid=75526609”