軟木：修订间差异

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2023年4月27日 (四) 01:46的最新版本

軟木（softwood），或稱軟質木，即指針葉樹材，由松柏植物門的樹所生成的木材，包括松树、雲杉、香柏、冷杉、落葉松、花旗松、鐵杉、柏樹、加州紅木及紫杉等。如名稱所示，因其質地與闊葉樹材相對而言比較軟，故又名softwood，以與又稱做hardwood的闊葉樹材做區別，但並非所有的hardwood都比softwood硬，如紫杉是一種長葉松，卻比大部分硬木還要堅硬，而屬於硬木的輕木則十分輕軟。

軟木和硬木可以微小的結構來區分，最主要是軟木缺少導管供水份輸送，結構通常較簡單及一致，只由管胞和薄壁組織兩種細胞組成。軟木常用於建築的結構組件，亦有用於傢具和工廠之木工製品如鑄造製模、門、窗等。軟木同時是造紙的主要原料及製造中纖板。

外部連結

CBC Digital Archives：美加的軟木爭議（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

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+{{about|针叶材|被称为“软木”的树皮外层组织|軟木 (材料)}}
-[[Image:Cedrus wood.jpg|250px|right|thumb|Despite being fairly hard, [[cedar]] is a softwood]]
+{{unreferenced|time=2019-01-31T02:59:58+00:00}}
+[[File:Cedrus wood.jpg|250px|right|thumb|雖然質地頗為堅硬，[[香柏]]是軟木木材]]
+'''軟木'''（'''softwood'''），或稱軟質木，即指針葉樹材，由[[松柏門|松柏植物門]]的[[树|樹]]所生成的[[木材]]，包括[[松科|松树]]、[[雲杉]]、[[香柏]]、[[冷杉]]、[[落葉松]]、[[花旗松]]、[[铁杉属|鐵杉]]、[[柏科|柏樹]]、[[加州紅木]]及[[紫杉]]等。如名稱所示，因其質地與闊葉樹材相對而言比較軟，故又名softwood，以與又稱做hardwood的闊葉樹材做區別，但並非所有的hardwood都比softwood硬，如[[紫杉]]是一種[[长叶松|長葉松]]，卻比大部分硬木還要堅硬，而屬於[[硬木]]的[[輕木]]則十分輕軟。
+軟木和硬木可以微小的結構來區分，最主要是軟木缺少導管供水份輸送，結構通常較簡單及一致，只由[[管胞]]和[[薄壁組織]]兩種[[細胞]]組成。軟木常用於[[建築]]的結構組件，亦有用於[[傢具]]和工廠之木工製品如鑄造製模、門、窗等。軟木同時是造[[紙]]的主要原料及製造[[中纖板]]。
-[[Wood]] from [[conifer]]s are generally referred to as '''軟木'''（'''softwood'''）; the term is also used as an adjective for the trees that produce softwood. Softwood trees include [[pine]], [[spruce]], [[cedar]], [[fir]], [[larch]], [[douglas-fir]], [[Tsuga|hemlock]], [[cypress]], [[Sequoia|redwood]] and [[yew]]. As the name suggests, the wood of softwoods is often softer than that of [[hardwood]]s, though there is considerable variation between species and much overlap - the wood of yews, for example, is much harder than most hardwoods, as is the wood of [[Longleaf pine]], while the wood of [[Balsa]] (technically a hardwood species) is extremely soft.
+==外部連結==
-The distinction between softwood and hardwood is also based on differences in microscopic structure; most important the lack of [[vessel elements]] for water transport in softwoods. The structure is generally more simple and uniform as there are only two types of cells; [[tracheid]]s and [[parenchyma cells]]. Softwood is easy to saw and is usually put to work in structural building components. It is also found in other products such as millwork (mouldings, doors, windows) and furniture.
+* [http://archives.cbc.ca/IDD-1-73-787/politics_economy/softwood/ CBC Digital Archives： 美加的軟木爭議] {{Wayback|url=http://archives.cbc.ca/IDD-1-73-787/politics_economy/softwood/ |date=20080223203925 }}
-Softwood is also harvested for use in the production of [[paper]], and to create chipboards such as [[Medium-density fibreboard]] (MDF).
-:''See also'': [[List of woods]], [[US - Canada softwood lumber dispute]]
-== References ==
-*Timonen, Tuuli (2002). ''Introduction to Microscopic Wood Identification''. Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki.
-*Wilson, K. & D.J.B. White (1986). ''The Anatomy of Wood: its Diversity and variability.'' Stobart & Son Ltd, London.
-[[category:材料]]
 [[category:木材]]
-[[category:植物]]
-[[en:Softwood]]
-[[nl:Naaldhout]]