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瓶尔小草属:修订间差异

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| name = 瓶尔小草属
| name = 瓶尔小草属
| image = Ophioglossum closeup.jpg
| image = Ophioglossum closeup.jpg
| image_caption = [[瓶尔小草]]
| image_width = 200px
| image_caption = ''[[瓶尔小草]]''
| taxon = Ophioglossum
| taxon = Ophioglossum
| authority = [[L.]], 1753
| subdivision_ranks = [[种]]
| subdivision_ranks = [[种]]
| subdivision = 见文中
| subdivision = 见文中
| synonyms = {{genus list
|Cassiopteris |H.Karst.
|Cheiroglossa |K.B.Presl, 1845
|Rhizoglossum |K.B.Presl, 1845}}
}}
'''瓶尔小草属'''([[学名]]:''Ophioglossum'')是一种陆生小型植物。它的名字来源于[[希腊语]],意思為蛇舌。

形態直立,根壮茎短,有1-2片[[营养叶]]。有柄,通常为单叶,全缘,为披针形或卵形,叶脉网状,网眼内没有内藏小脉,而中脉并不明显。[[孢子]]囊穗从营养叶的基部生出,有长柄。本属有28种,变异性较大。其主要分布在[[北半球]],而[[中国]]目前分布有6种,可做药用。

瓶尔小草属是[[染色体]]最多的已知植物,有高达1,260条<ref>Raven, Peter H. Biology of plants. 7th ed. New York, NY: W.H. Freeman, 2005. Print. p. 329</ref>,僅次於原生生物 Oxytricha trifallax 的約16,000條。<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001473 |title=存档副本 |access-date=2021-06-05 |archive-date=2021-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609040010/https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001473 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

属名''Ophioglossum''来源于希腊语ophis(蛇)与glossa(舌头)的合成词,指本属植物孢子囊穗的形状如蛇舌。

==下属分类==
本科包括以下属:
{{common taxon list|italic=yes
||Ophioglossum ammophilum |C.D.Adams
||Ophioglossum aulgatum |Michx.
||Ophioglossum austroasiaticum |Nishida
||Ophioglossum azoricum |C.Presl
||Ophioglossum balansae |C.Chr.
||Ophioglossum californicum |Prantl
||Ophioglossum caroticaule |J.E.Burrows
||Ophioglossum convexum |J.E.Burrows
||Ophioglossum coriaceum |A.Cunn.
||Ophioglossum costatum |R.Br.
||Ophioglossum crotalophoroides |Walter
||Ophioglossum decipiens |Poirault.
||Ophioglossum eliminatum |Khand. & Goswamy
||Ophioglossum engelmannii |Prantl
||Ophioglossum fernandezianum |C.Chr.
||Ophioglossum gomezianum |Welw.
||Ophioglossum gomezianum |Welw. ex A.Braun
||Ophioglossum gracile |J.E.Burrows ex Pocock
||Ophioglossum gracillimum |Welw.
||Ophioglossum gracillimum |Welw. ex Hook. & Baker
||Ophioglossum gramineum |Willd.
||Ophioglossum grayi |L.C.Beck
||Ophioglossum harrisii |Underw.
||Ophioglossum isanense |Petchsri, Li Bing Zhang & Jaruwatt.
||Ophioglossum jaykrishnae |
||Ophioglossum kawamurae |Tagawa
||Ophioglossum lanceolatum |Watelet, 1858
||Ophioglossum lancifolium |C.Presl
||Ophioglossum latifolium |(Prantl) J.E.Burrows
||Ophioglossum lineare |Schltr. & Brause
||Ophioglossum louisii |Taton
||Ophioglossum lusitanicum |L.
||Ophioglossum lusoafricanum |Welw. ex Prantl
||Ophioglossum malviae |<ref>{{cite web |title=[Botany • 2018] Ophioglossum malviae • Discovery of the World’s Smallest Terrestrial Pteridophyte |url=http://novataxa.blogspot.com/2018/04/ophioglossum-malviae.html |website=Blogspot |accessdate=2023-05-22 |archive-date=2023-05-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522054322/http://novataxa.blogspot.com/2018/04/ophioglossum-malviae.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
||Ophioglossum melipillense |Gay
||Ophioglossum melipillense |J.Rémy
||Ophioglossum monitoni |Copel.
||Ophioglossum namegatae |M.Nishida & Kurita
||Ophioglossum nipponicum |Nakai, 1925
||Ophioglossum nudicaule |L.fil.
||Ophioglossum oblongum |H.G.Zhou & H.Li
||Ophioglossum opacum |R.Br. ex Carmich.
|小叶瓶尔小草 |Ophioglossum parvifolium |Hook. & Grev.
||Ophioglossum parvum |M.Nishida & Kurita
|尖头瓶尔小草 |Ophioglossum pedunculosum |
|钝头瓶尔小草 |Ophioglossum petiolatum |Hook.
||Ophioglossum pinnatum |Lam.
||Ophioglossum polyphyllum |A.Braun ex Schub.
||Ophioglossum pubescens |Raf.
||Ophioglossum pumilio |E.P.St.John ex Small
||Ophioglossum pusillum |Raf.
||Ophioglossum rabellum |Welw. ex A.Br.
|心脏叶瓶尔小草 |Ophioglossum reticulatum |L.
||Ophioglossum rubellum |Welw. ex A.Braun
||Ophioglossum sandieae |J.E.Burrows
||Ophioglossum sarmentosum |L.
||Ophioglossum scariosum |Clausen
||Ophioglossum simplex |Ridley
|狭叶瓶尔小草 |Ophioglossum thermale |Kom.
||Ophioglossum thomasii |Clausen
||Ophioglossum trilokinathii |B. L. Yadav, M. K. Meghvansi, K. Meena & C. B. Gena<ref>B. L. Yadav, Mukesh K. Meghvansi, Kanta Meena and C. B. Gena. 2021. Discovery of A New Species of Adder’s Tongue Fern from India with Comparative Analysis of Morphological and Molecular Attributes. Scientific Reports. 11; 24396. DOI :10.1038/s41598-021-03231-w</ref>
|瓶尔小草 |Ophioglossum vulgatum |L.
||Ophioglossum yongrenense |Ching ex Z.R.He & W.M.Chu
}}
;杂交种:
{{common taxon list|italic=yes
||Ophioglossum ×giovanninii |Peruzzi, Pierini, Magrini, Marchetti & Viane
||Ophioglossum ×pierinii |Peruzzi, Magrini, Marchetti & Viane
||Ophioglossum ×pseudoazoricum |Peruzzi, Pierini, Magrini, Marchetti & Viane
}}
}}
'''瓶尔小草属'''([[学名]]:''Ophioglossum'')是一种陆生小型植物。它的名字来源于[[希腊语]]。<br/>
其直立,根壮茎短,有1-2片[[营养叶]]。有柄,通常为单叶,全缘,为披针形或卵形,叶脉网状,网眼内没有内藏小脉,而中脉并不明显。[[孢子]]囊穗从营养叶的基部生出,有长柄。本属有28种,变异性较大。其主要分布在[[北半球]],而[[中国]]目前分布有6种,可做药用。


瓶尔小草属是已知生物中[[染色体]]最多的,有高达1,260条染色体。<ref>Raven, Peter H. Biology of plants. 7th ed. New York, NY: W.H. Freeman, 2005. Print. p. 329</ref>
==部分物种==
*''[[Ophioglossum austroasiaticum]]''
*''[[Ophioglossum azoricum]]''
*''[[Ophioglossum californicum]]''
*''[[Ophioglossum costatum]]''
*''[[Ophioglossum crotalophoroides]]''
*''[[Ophioglossum engelmanii]]''
*''[[Ophioglossum lusitanicum]]''
*''[[Ophioglossum nudicaule]]''
*[[小叶瓶尔小草]] ''Ophioglossum parvifolium''
*[[尖头瓶尔小草]] ''Ophioglossum pedunculosum''
*[[钝头瓶尔小草]] ''Ophioglossum petiolatum''
*''[[Ophioglossum polyphyllum]]''
*''[[Ophioglossum pusillum]]''
*''[[Ophioglossum pycnosticum]]''
*[[心脏叶瓶尔小草]] ''Ophioglossum reticulatum''
*''[[Ophioglossum tenerum]]''
*[[狭叶瓶尔小草]] ''Ophioglossum thermale''
*[[瓶尔小草]] ''Ophioglossum vulgatum''
==参考书目==
==参考书目==
*{{cite book|author=秦仁昌 |title=《中国植物志·第二卷》 |year=1959年 |publisher=科学出版社 |location=北京市 |isbn=7030174178 }}
*{{cite book|author=秦仁昌 |title=《中国植物志·第二卷》 |year=1959年 |publisher=科学出版社 |location=北京市 |isbn=7030174178 }}

==脚注==
==脚注==
<references/>
<references/>
{{Taxonbar|from=Q781270}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q781270}}


[[Category:瓶尔小草]]
[[Category:瓶尔小草属|*]]
[[Category:瓶尔小草科|P]]
[[Category:卡尔·林奈命名的生物分类|P]]
[[Category:1753年描述的分类群|P]]

2023年9月13日 (三) 10:54的最新版本

瓶尔小草属
瓶尔小草
科学分类 编辑
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 维管植物 Tracheophyta
纲: 真蕨綱 Polypodiopsida
目: 瓶爾小草目 Ophioglossales
科: 瓶爾小草科 Ophioglossaceae
亚科: 瓶爾小草亞科 Ophioglossoideae
属: 瓶爾小草屬 Ophioglossum
L., 1753

见文中

異名
  • Cassiopteris H.Karst.
  • Cheiroglossa K.B.Presl, 1845
  • Rhizoglossum K.B.Presl, 1845

瓶尔小草属学名Ophioglossum)是一种陆生小型植物。它的名字来源于希腊语,意思為蛇舌。

形態直立,根壮茎短,有1-2片营养叶。有柄,通常为单叶,全缘,为披针形或卵形,叶脉网状,网眼内没有内藏小脉,而中脉并不明显。孢子囊穗从营养叶的基部生出,有长柄。本属有28种,变异性较大。其主要分布在北半球,而中国目前分布有6种,可做药用。

瓶尔小草属是染色体最多的已知植物,有高达1,260条[1],僅次於原生生物 Oxytricha trifallax 的約16,000條。[2]

属名Ophioglossum来源于希腊语ophis(蛇)与glossa(舌头)的合成词,指本属植物孢子囊穗的形状如蛇舌。

下属分类

[编辑]

本科包括以下属:

杂交种:

参考书目

[编辑]
  • 秦仁昌. 《中国植物志·第二卷》. 北京市: 科学出版社. 1959年. ISBN 7030174178. 

脚注

[编辑]
  1. ^ Raven, Peter H. Biology of plants. 7th ed. New York, NY: W.H. Freeman, 2005. Print. p. 329
  2. ^ 存档副本. [2021-06-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-06-09). 
  3. ^ [Botany • 2018] Ophioglossum malviae • Discovery of the World’s Smallest Terrestrial Pteridophyte. Blogspot. [2023-05-22]. (原始内容存档于2023-05-22). 
  4. ^ B. L. Yadav, Mukesh K. Meghvansi, Kanta Meena and C. B. Gena. 2021. Discovery of A New Species of Adder’s Tongue Fern from India with Comparative Analysis of Morphological and Molecular Attributes. Scientific Reports. 11; 24396. DOI :10.1038/s41598-021-03231-w