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米苏拉塔之战：修订间差异

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{{Link style|time=2015-12-11T09:12:54+00:00}}
{{Infobox Military Conflict
{{Infobox Military Conflict
|conflict= 米苏拉塔之战
|conflict= 米苏拉塔之战
第10行： 第9行：
|combatant1= '''{{flagicon|Libya}} 反卡势力'''
|combatant1= '''{{flagicon|Libya}} 反卡势力'''
*[[利比亚国民解放军]]
*[[利比亚国民解放军]]
*外国军事顾问<ref>[http://english.aljazeera.net/video/middleeast/2011/05/2011529112514121504.html Libyan rebels continue their struggle]</ref>
*外国军事顾问<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/video/middleeast/2011/05/2011529112514121504.html |title=Libyan rebels continue their struggle |access-date=2011-10-10 |archive-date=2011-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902140956/http://english.aljazeera.net/video/middleeast/2011/05/2011529112514121504.html }}</ref>
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'''{{flagicon|United Nations}}'''<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/03/18/3167294.htm|title=UN clears way for Libyan no-fly zone|date=18 Mar 2011}}</ref>
'''{{flagicon|United Nations}}'''<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/03/18/3167294.htm|title=UN clears way for Libyan no-fly zone|date=18 Mar 2011|accessdate=2011-10-10|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629025220/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/03/18/3167294.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|NATO}}军事干预、打击卡部队<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.dawn.com/2011/03/25/nato-to-enforce-no-fly-zone-over-libya.html| title=Nato takes control of enforcing Libya no-fly zone| accessdate=26 March 2011 | date=25 March 2011}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|NATO}}军事干预、打击卡部队<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.dawn.com/2011/03/25/nato-to-enforce-no-fly-zone-over-libya.html| title=Nato takes control of enforcing Libya no-fly zone| accessdate=26 March 2011| date=25 March 2011| archive-date=2011-03-26| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326225743/http://www.dawn.com/2011/03/25/nato-to-enforce-no-fly-zone-over-libya.html| dead-url=no}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|France}}
*{{flagicon|France}}
*{{flagicon|United Kingdom}}
*{{flagicon|United Kingdom}}
第20行： 第19行：
*军队
*军队
*他国雇佣军
*他国雇佣军
|commander1={{flagicon|Libya}} Ibrahim Bet-Almal<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/world/view/20110504-334468/Libya-rebel-city-tense-as-Gadhafi-ultimatum-expires|title=Libya rebel city tense as Gadhafi ultimatum expires|date=3 May 2011|accessdate=3 May 2011}}</ref><br>{{flagicon|Libya}} Nuri Abdullah Abdullati<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/world/view/20110420-332160/Misrata-rebels-officially-plead-for-Western-troops|title=Misrata rebels officially plead for Western troops|date=19 April 2011|accessdate=19 April 2011}}</ref><br>{{flagicon|Libya}} Salah Badi<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8508488/Libya-rebels-celebrate-seizing-Misurata-airport.html|title=Libya: rebels celebrate seizing Misurata airport|date=11 May 2011|accessdate=11 May 2011|location=London|work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref><br>{{flagicon|Libya}} Ali Attalah Obeidi{{KIA}}<ref>http://www.euronews.net/2011/04/06/claims-general-quits-libyan-air-force-over-orders-to-kill/</ref>
|commander1={{flagicon|Libya}} Ibrahim Bet-Almal<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/world/view/20110504-334468/Libya-rebel-city-tense-as-Gadhafi-ultimatum-expires|title=Libya rebel city tense as Gadhafi ultimatum expires|date=3 May 2011|accessdate=3 May 2011|archive-date=2011-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110503215944/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/world/view/20110504-334468/Libya-rebel-city-tense-as-Gadhafi-ultimatum-expires|dead-url=no}}</ref><br>{{flagicon|Libya}} Nuri Abdullah Abdullati<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/world/view/20110420-332160/Misrata-rebels-officially-plead-for-Western-troops|title=Misrata rebels officially plead for Western troops|date=19 April 2011|accessdate=19 April 2011|archive-date=2011-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110426064216/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/world/view/20110420-332160/Misrata-rebels-officially-plead-for-Western-troops|dead-url=no}}</ref><br>{{flagicon|Libya}} Salah Badi<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8508488/Libya-rebels-celebrate-seizing-Misurata-airport.html|title=Libya: rebels celebrate seizing Misurata airport|date=11 May 2011|accessdate=11 May 2011|location=London|work=The Daily Telegraph|archive-date=2020-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007174556/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8508488/Libya-rebels-celebrate-seizing-Misurata-airport.html}}</ref><br>{{flagicon|Libya}} Ali Attalah Obeidi{{KIA}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.euronews.net/2011/04/06/claims-general-quits-libyan-air-force-over-orders-to-kill/ |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2011-10-10 |archive-date=2011-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110414160835/http://www.euronews.net/2011/04/06/claims-general-quits-libyan-air-force-over-orders-to-kill/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
|commander2={{flagicon|Libya|1977}}[[哈米斯·卡扎菲]] (自3月12日开始)<br>Abdul Nabih Zayid<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jul/21/libya-middleeast Libyan rebels in Zlitan capture key government commander]</ref><br>Albarrani Shkal<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/aug/29/misrata-rebels-defy-libya-regime|agency=The Guardian|date=29 August 2011|accessdate=29 August 2011|title=Misrata rebels defy Libya's new regime|first=Chris|last=Stephen|location=London}}</ref>
|commander2={{flagicon|Libya|1977}}[[哈米斯·卡扎菲]] (自3月12日开始)<br>Abdul Nabih Zayid<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jul/21/libya-middleeast |title=Libyan rebels in Zlitan capture key government commander |access-date=2011-10-10 |archive-date=2013-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122223740/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jul/21/libya-middleeast }}</ref><br>Albarrani Shkal<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/aug/29/misrata-rebels-defy-libya-regime|agency=The Guardian|date=29 August 2011|accessdate=29 August 2011|title=Misrata rebels defy Libya's new regime|first=Chris|last=Stephen|location=London|archive-date=2013-01-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119022904/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/aug/29/misrata-rebels-defy-libya-regime}}</ref>
|strength1= 3,000-5,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.news.maktoob.com/20090000695456/Kadhafi_forces_pound_Ajdabiya_and_Misrata/Article.htm|title=Snipers, cluster bombs panic Libya's Misrata|date=18 April 2011|accessdate=18 April 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110421042823/http://en.news.maktoob.com/20090000695456/Kadhafi_forces_pound_Ajdabiya_and_Misrata/Article.htm|archivedate=2011年4月21日}}</ref>
|strength1= 3,000-5,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.news.maktoob.com/20090000695456/Kadhafi_forces_pound_Ajdabiya_and_Misrata/Article.htm|title=Snipers, cluster bombs panic Libya's Misrata|date=18 April 2011|accessdate=18 April 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110421042823/http://en.news.maktoob.com/20090000695456/Kadhafi_forces_pound_Ajdabiya_and_Misrata/Article.htm|archivedate=2011年4月21日}}</ref>
|strength2= Hamza 旅 (最初)<small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2011/02/2011225133345917205.html|title=Libyan forces shoot protesters|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=25 Feb 2011|accessdate=25 Feb 2011}}</ref></small><br>[[哈米斯旅]] (自3月12日开始)
|strength2= Hamza 旅 (最初)<small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2011/02/2011225133345917205.html|title=Libyan forces shoot protesters|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=25 Feb 2011|accessdate=25 Feb 2011|archive-date=2011-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110305163549/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2011/02/2011225133345917205.html|dead-url=no}}</ref></small><br>[[哈米斯旅]] (自3月12日开始)
|casualties1= 813<small><ref name="trust.org">{{cite news|url=http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/feature-wounded-children-show-ferocity-of-misratas-war/|title=Wounded children show ferocity of Misrata's war|date=18 July 2011|accessdate=30 July 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727025530/http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/feature-wounded-children-show-ferocity-of-misratas-war/|archivedate=2011年7月27日}}</ref></small>-1,083<small><ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/17/world/africa/skirmishes-flare-around-qaddafi-strongholds.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1 Libya Counts More Martyrs Than Bodies]</ref></small> 死亡*<br>781<small><ref name="trust.org"/></small>-900<small><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/9562064.stm|title=
|casualties1= 813<small><ref name="trust.org">{{cite news|url=http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/feature-wounded-children-show-ferocity-of-misratas-war/|title=Wounded children show ferocity of Misrata's war|date=18 July 2011|accessdate=30 July 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727025530/http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/feature-wounded-children-show-ferocity-of-misratas-war/|archivedate=2011年7月27日}}</ref></small>-1,083<small><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/17/world/africa/skirmishes-flare-around-qaddafi-strongholds.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1 |title=Libya Counts More Martyrs Than Bodies |access-date=2011-10-10 |archive-date=2021-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309001001/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/17/world/africa/skirmishes-flare-around-qaddafi-strongholds.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1 }}</ref></small> 死亡*<br>781<small><ref name="trust.org"/></small>-900<small><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/9562064.stm|title=Libya's rebel-held Misrata numbed by loss and trauma|date=13 August 2011|accessdate=13 August 2011|work=BBC News|archive-date=2019-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190521172600/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/9562064.stm}}</ref></small> 失踪或被俘**<br>4,000 受伤<small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://northafrica.humanitarianresponse.info/Portals/0/Reports/Misratah%20Factsheet%20-3%20May%202011.pdf|title=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - OCH|accessdate=10 May 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823095804/http://northafrica.humanitarianresponse.info/Portals/0/Reports/Misratah%20Factsheet%20-3%20May%202011.pdf|archivedate=2011年8月23日}}</ref></small><br>至少一辆坦克被毁<small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2lXxbceUw8|title=Dramatic video of fighting aftermath in Libyan airport|accessdate=9 April 2011|archive-date=2020-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216035833/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2lXxbceUw8}}</ref></small>
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|casualties2= 358<ref name="nytimes.com">{{Cite web |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/18/world/africa/18cemetery.html?_r=1 |title=Libyan City Buries Its Attackers Respectfully |access-date=2011-10-10 |archive-date=2019-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524220134/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/18/world/africa/18cemetery.html?_r=1 }}</ref>-545<ref name="aljazeera.net">{{Cite web |url=http://blogs.aljazeera.net/liveblog/libya-jun-5-2011-1953-0 |title=Al Jazeera Live Blog |accessdate=2011-10-10 |archive-date=2012-07-07 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707082802/http://blogs.aljazeera.net/liveblog/libya-jun-5-2011-1953-0 |dead-url=no }}</ref> 死亡<br>150<ref>[http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/nationworld/sns-ap-ml-libya-pows,0,6257434.story?track=rss Libyan rebels hand out rules on POW treatment; some 300 in custody, including 10 foreigners]{{dead link|date=2018年1月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>-230<ref name="nytimes.com"/> 被俘<br>20 [[T-72主戰坦克]]， 4 辆[[T-54/55系列主战坦克]]， 2 辆[[坦克|BMPs]], 1 [[ZSU-23-4石勒喀河自行高射炮|Shilka]], 3 辆[[装甲运兵车]]，和 1 辆{{le|军用技术装甲车IMR-2|Military engineering vehicle#T-72}}被毁，一架直升机被击落。
Libya's rebel-held Misrata numbed by loss and trauma|date=13 August 2011|accessdate=13 August 2011|work=BBC News}}</ref></small> 失踪或被俘**<br>4,000 受伤<small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://northafrica.humanitarianresponse.info/Portals/0/Reports/Misratah%20Factsheet%20-3%20May%202011.pdf|title=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - OCH|accessdate=10 May 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823095804/http://northafrica.humanitarianresponse.info/Portals/0/Reports/Misratah%20Factsheet%20-3%20May%202011.pdf|archivedate=2011年8月23日}}</ref></small><br>至少一辆坦克被毁<small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2lXxbceUw8 |title=Dramatic video of fighting aftermath in Libyan airport|accessdate=9 April 2011}}</ref></small>
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|casualties2= 358<ref name="nytimes.com">[http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/18/world/africa/18cemetery.html?_r=1 Libyan City Buries Its Attackers Respectfully]</ref>-545<ref name="aljazeera.net">[http://blogs.aljazeera.net/liveblog/libya-jun-5-2011-1953-0 Al Jazeera Live Blog]</ref> 死亡<br>150<ref>[http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/nationworld/sns-ap-ml-libya-pows,0,6257434.story?track=rss Libyan rebels hand out rules on POW treatment; some 300 in custody, including 10 foreigners]{{dead link|date=2018年1月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>-230<ref name="nytimes.com"/> 被俘<br>20 [[T-72主戰坦克]]， 4 辆[[T-54/55系列主战坦克]]， 2 辆[[坦克|BMPs]], 1 [[:en:ZSU-23-4|Shilka]], 3 辆[[装甲运兵车]]，和 1 辆[[:en:Military engineering vehicle#T-72|军用技术装甲车IMR-2]] 被毁，一架直升机被击落。
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32-44 坦克遭到损坏，1 辆[[ZSU-23-4|Shilka]], 1 个移动 [[多管火箭炮]], 6 架[[Soko G-2 Galeb]]军机, 2 架[[Mi-24雌鹿直升機]]，和 1 艘[[巡邏艇]]受损，1 艘海岸护卫舰和 1 艘巡邏艇被北约破坏 (北约方面宣称)<ref name="MDF-8">{{cite news|title=Libye : point de situation opération Harmattan n°8 |url=http://www.defense.gouv.fr/operations/actualites/libye-point-de-situation-operation-harmattan-n-8|publisher=[[Minister of Defence (France)|Ministère de la Défense et des anciens combattants]]|date=26 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12850975|title=Libya: France jet destroys pro-Gaddafi plane|work=[[BBC]]|date=24 March 2011 |accessdate=25 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/03/29/uk-libya-misrata-ships-idUKTRE72S1UJ20110329|title=U.S. military attack three Libyan ships in Misrata
32-44 坦克遭到损坏，1 辆[[ZSU-23-4|Shilka]], 1 个移动 [[多管火箭炮]], 6 架[[Soko G-2 Galeb]]军机, 2 架[[Mi-24雌鹿直升機]]，和 1 艘[[巡邏艇]]受损，1 艘海岸护卫舰和 1 艘巡邏艇被北约破坏 (北约方面宣称)<ref name="MDF-8">{{cite news|title=Libye : point de situation opération Harmattan n°8|url=http://www.defense.gouv.fr/operations/actualites/libye-point-de-situation-operation-harmattan-n-8|publisher=[[Minister of Defence (France)|Ministère de la Défense et des anciens combattants]]|date=26 March 2011|accessdate=2011-10-10|archive-date=2012-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615212606/http://www.defense.gouv.fr/operations/actualites/libye-point-de-situation-operation-harmattan-n-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12850975|title=Libya: France jet destroys pro-Gaddafi plane|work=[[BBC]]|date=24 March 2011|accessdate=25 March 2011|archive-date=2011-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326085302/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12850975|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/03/29/uk-libya-misrata-ships-idUKTRE72S1UJ20110329|title=U.S. military attack three Libyan ships in Misrata|date=29 March 2011|accessdate=29 March 2011|work=Reuters|archive-date=2015-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528230216/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/03/29/uk-libya-misrata-ships-idUKTRE72S1UJ20110329}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newser.com/article/d9mmotio0/fighting-rages-in-western-libyan-city-of-misrata-nato-expresses-frustration-on-targets.html|title=Fighting rages in western Libyan city of Misrata; NATO expresses frustration on targets|accessdate=19 April 2011}}{{dead link|date=2018年1月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/pentagon-confirms-predator-drone-strike-libya/story?id=13442570|title=Pentagon Confirms First Predator Drone Strike in Libya|date=23 April 2011|accessdate=23 April 2011|archive-date=2011-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511110837/http://abcnews.go.com/International/pentagon-confirms-predator-drone-strike-libya/story?id=13442570|dead-url=no}}</ref>
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|notes='''*'''反卡方面的死亡数据包括反卡士兵和平民，358是反卡方面证实的<ref>280 (2月18日-4月20日),[http://m.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2011/0421/breaking32.html?via=news] {{Wayback|url=http://m.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2011/0421/breaking32.html?via=news |date=20110820095537 }} 9 (21 April),[http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/04/21/us-libya-idUSTRE7270JP20110421] {{Wayback|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/04/21/us-libya-idUSTRE7270JP20110421 |date=20110422013657 }} 25 (23 April),[http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/04/25/libya.war/index.html?hpt=T2] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/04/25/libya.war/index.html?hpt=T2 |date=20181210121823 }} 12 (27 April),[http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/28/world/africa/28libya.html] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/28/world/africa/28libya.html |date=20210308152637 }} 7 killed (28 April),[http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE73R07R20110428] {{Wayback|url=http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE73R07R20110428 |date=20141014200930 }} 10 killed (29 April),[http://news.bostonherald.com/news/international/africa/view.bg?articleid=1334269&format=&page=2&listingType=intafri]{{dead link|date=2018年1月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5 killed (30 April),[http://www.kansascity.com/2011/04/30/2838568/nato-powers-reject-gadhafis-truce.html] 2 killed (1 May),[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/02/libya-rebels-gaddafi-bombard-misrata] {{Wayback|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/02/libya-rebels-gaddafi-bombard-misrata |date=20130705115449 }} 1 killed (3 May),[http://www.startribune.com/world/121150499.html?page=all&prepage=2&c=y] 5 killed (9–11 May),[http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iIekiimODF8m-k309EiRu5X1ouHQ?docId=3f668304014a41b0ab73737baac12a94] 1 killed (13 May),[http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2011/05/libya_rebellion_continues.html] {{Wayback|url=http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2011/05/libya_rebellion_continues.html |date=20160304205347 }} 1 killed (14 May),[http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/05/14/uk-libya-idUKLDE71Q0MP20110514] {{Wayback|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/05/14/uk-libya-idUKLDE71Q0MP20110514 |date=20141014200927 }} total of 358 reported killed</ref> 和 707个平民,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/06/11/libya.war/index.html?section=cnn_latest |title=Rebel: Government forces, rebels clash in the Libyan city of Zawiya |access-date=2011-10-10 |archive-date=2019-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190521150430/http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/06/11/libya.war/index.html?section=cnn_latest }}</ref> 其中有11个是外来移民,<ref>5 Egyptian,[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/apr/16/libya-muammar-gaddafi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/apr/16/libya-muammar-gaddafi |date=20130122222708 }} 1 Niger {{cite web |url=http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/gaddafi-forces-try-to-cut-off-misrata-from-port |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2011-04-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406115931/http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/gaddafi-forces-try-to-cut-off-misrata-from-port |archivedate=2012-04-06 }} and 5 Niger/Ghanian {{cite web |url=http://www.commondreams.org/headline/2011/05/04-8 |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2011年5月4日 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505221956/http://www.commondreams.org/headline/2011/05/04-8 |archivedate=2011年5月5日 |df= }}[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/04/gaddafi-targets-relief-ship-misrata-libya] {{Wayback|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/04/gaddafi-targets-relief-ship-misrata-libya |date=20120814024648 }}</ref> 2 名记者 (1 名美国籍，一名美英双重国籍)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.myfoxny.com/dpp/news/2-us-journalists-killed-in-libya-20110420-ncx|title=2 US Journalists Killed In Libya|date=20 April 2011|accessdate=20 April}}</ref> 和 1 名乌克兰医生<br>**失踪与被俘者中，8月中旬在Tawargha发现150个平民死于大屠杀中<ref name="TVNZ_4355178">{{cite web |url=http://tvnz.co.nz/world-news/rebels-circle-in-pivotal-zawiyah-oil-refinery-4355178 |title=Rebels circle in on pivotal Zawiyah oil refinery |date=18 August 2011 |work=[[Television New Zealand]] |accessdate=17 September 2011}}</ref> 10月上旬发现5人的坟墓位于米苏拉塔附近<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/05/libya-mass-grave-misrata |title=Libya mass grave discovered near Misrata |access-date=2011-10-10 |archive-date=2013-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123021245/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/05/libya-mass-grave-misrata }}</ref>
|date=29 March 2011 |accessdate=29 March 2011|work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newser.com/article/d9mmotio0/fighting-rages-in-western-libyan-city-of-misrata-nato-expresses-frustration-on-targets.html|title=Fighting rages in western Libyan city of Misrata; NATO expresses frustration on targets|accessdate=19 April 2011}}{{dead link|date=2018年1月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/pentagon-confirms-predator-drone-strike-libya/story?id=13442570|title=Pentagon Confirms First Predator Drone Strike in Libya|date=23 April 2011 |accessdate=23 April 2011}}</ref>
⚫
|notes='''*'''反卡方面的死亡数据包括反卡士兵和平民，358是反卡方面证实的<ref>280 (2月18日-4月20日),[http://m.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2011/0421/breaking32.html?via=news] 9 (21 April),[http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/04/21/us-libya-idUSTRE7270JP20110421] 25 (23 April),[http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/04/25/libya.war/index.html?hpt=T2] 12 (27 April),[http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/28/world/africa/28libya.html] 7 killed (28 April),[http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE73R07R20110428] 10 killed (29 April),[http://news.bostonherald.com/news/international/africa/view.bg?articleid=1334269&format=&page=2&listingType=intafri]{{dead link|date=2018年1月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5 killed (30 April),[http://www.kansascity.com/2011/04/30/2838568/nato-powers-reject-gadhafis-truce.html] 2 killed (1 May),[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/02/libya-rebels-gaddafi-bombard-misrata] 1 killed (3 May),[http://www.startribune.com/world/121150499.html?page=all&prepage=2&c=y] 5 killed (9–11 May),[http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iIekiimODF8m-k309EiRu5X1ouHQ?docId=3f668304014a41b0ab73737baac12a94] 1 killed (13 May),[http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2011/05/libya_rebellion_continues.html] 1 killed (14 May),[http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/05/14/uk-libya-idUKLDE71Q0MP20110514] total of 358 reported killed</ref> 和 707个平民,<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/06/11/libya.war/index.html?section=cnn_latest Rebel: Government forces, rebels clash in the Libyan city of Zawiya]</ref> 其中有11个是外来移民,<ref>5 Egyptian,[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/apr/16/libya-muammar-gaddafi] 1 Niger {{cite web |url=http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/gaddafi-forces-try-to-cut-off-misrata-from-port |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2011-04-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406115931/http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/gaddafi-forces-try-to-cut-off-misrata-from-port |archivedate=2012-04-06 }} and 5 Niger/Ghanian {{cite web |url=http://www.commondreams.org/headline/2011/05/04-8 |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2011年5月4日 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505221956/http://www.commondreams.org/headline/2011/05/04-8 |archivedate=2011年5月5日 |df= }}[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/04/gaddafi-targets-relief-ship-misrata-libya]</ref> 2 名记者 (1 名美国籍，一名美英双重国籍)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.myfoxny.com/dpp/news/2-us-journalists-killed-in-libya-20110420-ncx|title=2 US Journalists Killed In Libya|date=20 April 2011|accessdate=20 April}}</ref> 和 1 名乌克兰医生<br>**失踪与被俘者中，8月中旬在Tawargha发现150个平民死于大屠杀中<ref name="TVNZ_4355178">{{cite web |url=http://tvnz.co.nz/world-news/rebels-circle-in-pivotal-zawiyah-oil-refinery-4355178 |title=Rebels circle in on pivotal Zawiyah oil refinery |date=18 August 2011 |work=[[Television New Zealand]] |accessdate=17 September 2011}}</ref> 10月上旬发现5人的坟墓位于米苏拉塔附近<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/05/libya-mass-grave-misrata Libya mass grave discovered near Misrata]</ref>
}}
}}
{{Campaignbox 利比亞內戰 (2011年)}}


'''米苏拉塔之战''' ({{lang-ar|معركة مصراتة}}) 是[[2011年利比亚内战]]中的一大战役，反卡武装与效忠卡扎菲的部队双方为了争夺[[利比亚]]的第三大城市[[米苏拉塔]]的控制权而展开。在起义的最初阶段，卡扎菲政府控制了该国西部的大多数地区和城市，惟独米苏拉塔是被反卡势力控制着一座西部大城市。米苏拉塔战役是整个利比亚内战中双方争夺最持久且最激烈的一个战场，惨烈程度就比如[[二战]]中的[[斯大林格勒战役]]。而在联军干预的最初阶段，联军就把解除卡部队对该市的包围作为一个重大目标。5月15日，反卡武装全面控制该市。
'''米苏拉塔之战''' ({{lang-ar|معركة مصراتة}}) 是[[2011年利比亚内战]]中的一大战役，反卡武装与效忠卡扎菲的部队双方为了争夺[[利比亚]]的第三大城市[[米苏拉塔]]的控制权而展开。在起义的最初阶段，卡扎菲政府控制了该国西部的大多数地区和城市，惟独米苏拉塔是被反卡势力控制着一座西部大城市。米苏拉塔战役是整个利比亚内战中双方争夺最持久且最激烈的一个战场，惨烈程度就比如[[二战]]中的[[斯大林格勒战役]]。而在联军干预的最初阶段，联军就把解除卡部队对该市的包围作为一个重大目标。5月15日，反卡武装全面控制该市。
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==参考资料==
==参考资料==
<ref>[http://humanrightsinvestigations.org/2011/05/25/the-cluster-bombing-of-misrata-the-case-against-the-usa/ Who really cluster bombed Misrata] - 25 May 2011</ref>
<ref>[http://humanrightsinvestigations.org/2011/05/25/the-cluster-bombing-of-misrata-the-case-against-the-usa/ Who really cluster bombed Misrata] {{Wayback|url=http://humanrightsinvestigations.org/2011/05/25/the-cluster-bombing-of-misrata-the-case-against-the-usa/ |date=20210314191229 }} - 25 May 2011</ref>
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==外部链接==
==外部链接==
* [http://www.misuratatelecom.net BBC overview of loyalist and rebel-held areas of the city as of 21 April]
* [http://www.misuratatelecom.net BBC overview of loyalist and rebel-held areas of the city as of 21 April] {{Wayback|url=http://www.misuratatelecom.net/ |date=20201112031926 }}
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/interactive/2011/apr/21/libya-tunisia Guardian overview of loyalist and rebel-held areas of the city as of 21 April]
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/interactive/2011/apr/21/libya-tunisia Guardian overview of loyalist and rebel-held areas of the city as of 21 April] {{Wayback|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/interactive/2011/apr/21/libya-tunisia |date=20130510003408 }}
* [http://euformisurata.wordpress.com/2011/04/04/misurata-satellite-view/ Misurata Satellite View]
* [http://euformisurata.wordpress.com/2011/04/04/misurata-satellite-view/ Misurata Satellite View] {{Wayback|url=http://euformisurata.wordpress.com/2011/04/04/misurata-satellite-view/ |date=20190523132347 }}
* [http://blogs.aljazeera.net/sites/default/files/imagecache/FeaturedImagePost/images/misuratamap_feb17group.jpg map of the battle of Misrata]
* [http://blogs.aljazeera.net/sites/default/files/imagecache/FeaturedImagePost/images/misuratamap_feb17group.jpg map of the battle of Misrata] {{Wayback|url=http://blogs.aljazeera.net/sites/default/files/imagecache/FeaturedImagePost/images/misuratamap_feb17group.jpg |date=20111122170228 }}
* [http://www.misuratatelecom.net Pictures from Misurata by Telegraph photographer Geoff Pugh]
* [http://www.misuratatelecom.net Pictures from Misurata by Telegraph photographer Geoff Pugh] {{Wayback|url=http://www.misuratatelecom.net/ |date=20201112031926 }}
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHCcnOxr3LU Graphic Arabic media reportage on the battle]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHCcnOxr3LU Graphic Arabic media reportage on the battle] {{Wayback|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHCcnOxr3LU |date=20140107233248 }}


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[[Category:利比亚内战]]
[[Category:利比亚内战]]
[[Category:米苏拉塔]]
[[Category:米苏拉塔]]
[[Category:围困战]]

2023年9月18日 (一) 13:49的最新版本

米苏拉塔之战
2011年利比亚内战的一部分
日期2011年2月18日 – 2011年5月15日
地点
利比亚，米苏拉塔
结果 反卡势力获得胜利
参战方

利比亚 反卡势力

联合国[2]

  • 北大西洋公约组织军事干预、打击卡部队[3]
  • 法國
  • 英国
  • 美国

利比亚卡扎菲势力

  • 军队
  • 他国雇佣军
指挥官与领导者
利比亚 Ibrahim Bet-Almal[4]
利比亚 Nuri Abdullah Abdullati[5]
利比亚 Salah Badi[6]
利比亚 Ali Attalah Obeidi †[7]		 利比亚哈米斯·卡扎菲 (自3月12日开始)
Abdul Nabih Zayid[8]
Albarrani Shkal[9]
兵力
3,000-5,000[10] Hamza 旅 (最初)[11]
哈米斯旅 (自3月12日开始)
伤亡与损失
813[12]-1,083[13] 死亡*
781[12]-900[14] 失踪或被俘**
4,000 受伤[15]
至少一辆坦克被毁[16]

358[17]-545[18] 死亡
150[19]-230[17] 被俘
20 T-72主戰坦克， 4 辆T-54/55系列主战坦克， 2 辆BMPs, 1 Shilka, 3 辆装甲运兵车，和 1 辆军用技术装甲车IMR-2（英语：Military engineering vehicle#T-72）被毁，一架直升机被击落。

32-44 坦克遭到损坏，1 辆Shilka, 1 个移动 多管火箭炮, 6 架Soko G-2 Galeb军机, 2 架Mi-24雌鹿直升機，和 1 艘巡邏艇受损，1 艘海岸护卫舰和 1 艘巡邏艇被北约破坏 (北约方面宣称)[20][21][22][23][24]
*反卡方面的死亡数据包括反卡士兵和平民，358是反卡方面证实的[25] 和 707个平民,[26] 其中有11个是外来移民,[27] 2 名记者 (1 名美国籍，一名美英双重国籍)[28] 和 1 名乌克兰医生
**失踪与被俘者中，8月中旬在Tawargha发现150个平民死于大屠杀中[29] 10月上旬发现5人的坟墓位于米苏拉塔附近[30]

米苏拉塔之战 (阿拉伯语：معركة مصراتة‎) 是2011年利比亚内战中的一大战役，反卡武装与效忠卡扎菲的部队双方为了争夺利比亚的第三大城市米苏拉塔的控制权而展开。在起义的最初阶段，卡扎菲政府控制了该国西部的大多数地区和城市，惟独米苏拉塔是被反卡势力控制着一座西部大城市。米苏拉塔战役是整个利比亚内战中双方争夺最持久且最激烈的一个战场，惨烈程度就比如二战中的斯大林格勒战役。而在联军干预的最初阶段，联军就把解除卡部队对该市的包围作为一个重大目标。5月15日，反卡武装全面控制该市。

战役经过

[编辑]
米苏拉塔前线战局进程变化图 (2月18日 - 5月15日)
 3月12日，哈米斯旅到达
3月30日，卡部队最初进攻之后
4月17日，卡部队取得最大的控制区
4月25日，反卡武装反攻
5月11日，第二次争夺机场战役之后

参考资料

[编辑]

[31]

  1. ^ Libyan rebels continue their struggle. [2011-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-02）. 
  2. ^ UN clears way for Libyan no-fly zone. 18 Mar 2011 [2011-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2011-06-29）. 
  3. ^ Nato takes control of enforcing Libya no-fly zone. 25 March 2011 [26 March 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011-03-26）. 
  4. ^ Libya rebel city tense as Gadhafi ultimatum expires. 3 May 2011 [3 May 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011-05-03）. 
  5. ^ Misrata rebels officially plead for Western troops. 19 April 2011 [19 April 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011-04-26）. 
  6. ^ Libya: rebels celebrate seizing Misurata airport. The Daily Telegraph (London). 11 May 2011 [11 May 2011]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-07）. 
  7. ^ 存档副本. [2011-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2011-04-14）. 
  8. ^ Libyan rebels in Zlitan capture key government commander. [2011-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-22）. 
  9. ^ Stephen, Chris. Misrata rebels defy Libya's new regime. London. The Guardian. 29 August 2011 [29 August 2011]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-19）. 
  10. ^ Snipers, cluster bombs panic Libya's Misrata. 18 April 2011 [18 April 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011年4月21日）. 
  11. ^ Libyan forces shoot protesters. Al Jazeera. 25 Feb 2011 [25 Feb 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011-03-05）. 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 Wounded children show ferocity of Misrata's war. 18 July 2011 [30 July 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011年7月27日）. 
  13. ^ Libya Counts More Martyrs Than Bodies. [2011-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-09）. 
  14. ^ Libya's rebel-held Misrata numbed by loss and trauma. BBC News. 13 August 2011 [13 August 2011]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-21）. 
  15. ^ United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - OCH (PDF). [10 May 2011]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011年8月23日）. 
  16. ^ Dramatic video of fighting aftermath in Libyan airport. [9 April 2011]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-16）. 
  17. ^ 17.0 17.1 Libyan City Buries Its Attackers Respectfully. [2011-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-24）. 
  18. ^ Al Jazeera Live Blog. [2011-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-07）. 
  19. ^ Libyan rebels hand out rules on POW treatment; some 300 in custody, including 10 foreigners[永久失效連結]
  20. ^ Libye : point de situation opération Harmattan n°8. Ministère de la Défense et des anciens combattants. 26 March 2011 [2011-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2012-06-15）. 
  21. ^ Libya: France jet destroys pro-Gaddafi plane. BBC. 24 March 2011 [25 March 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011-03-26）. 
  22. ^ U.S. military attack three Libyan ships in Misrata. Reuters. 29 March 2011 [29 March 2011]. （原始内容存档于2015-05-28）. 
  23. ^ Fighting rages in western Libyan city of Misrata; NATO expresses frustration on targets. [19 April 2011]. [永久失效連結]
  24. ^ Pentagon Confirms First Predator Drone Strike in Libya. 23 April 2011 [23 April 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011-05-11）. 
  25. ^ 280 (2月18日-4月20日),[1] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 9 (21 April),[2] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 25 (23 April),[3] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 12 (27 April),[4] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 7 killed (28 April),[5] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 10 killed (29 April),[6][永久失效連結] 5 killed (30 April),[7] 2 killed (1 May),[8] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 1 killed (3 May),[9] 5 killed (9–11 May),[10] 1 killed (13 May),[11] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 1 killed (14 May),[12] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） total of 358 reported killed
  26. ^ Rebel: Government forces, rebels clash in the Libyan city of Zawiya. [2011-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-21）. 
  27. ^ 5 Egyptian,[13] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 1 Niger 存档副本. [2011-04-26]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-06）.  and 5 Niger/Ghanian 存档副本. [2011年5月4日]. （原始内容存档于2011年5月5日）. [14] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  28. ^ 2 US Journalists Killed In Libya. 20 April 2011 [20 April]. 
  29. ^ Rebels circle in on pivotal Zawiyah oil refinery. Television New Zealand. 18 August 2011 [17 September 2011]. 
  30. ^ Libya mass grave discovered near Misrata. [2011-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-23）. 
  31. ^ Who really cluster bombed Misrata （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） - 25 May 2011

外部链接

[编辑]

32°22′39.12″N 15°5′31.26″E / 32.3775333°N 15.0920167°E / 32.3775333; 15.0920167

检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/zhwiki/w/index.php?title=米苏拉塔之战&oldid=78982884”