發光效能:修订间差异
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調整格式、排版 |
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{{expand English|Luminous_efficacy#Lighting_efficiency}} |
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'''光視效能'''({{lang-en|'''luminous efficacy'''}})是一个[[光源]]的[[参数]]。他是[[光通量]]與[[功率]]的比值,依照文字來源此功率指的是光源輸出的[[輻射通量]],或者是提供光源的[[電能]]<ref> |
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{{cite book |
{{cite book |
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|title=Photometry and Radiometry for Engineers |
|title=Photometry and Radiometry for Engineers |
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|url=https://archive.org/details/photometryradiom0000stim |
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|publisher=Wiley and Son |
|publisher=Wiley and Son |
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|location=New York |
|location=New York |
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{{cite book |
{{cite book |
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|title=Radiometry and the Detection of Optical Radiation |
|title=Radiometry and the Detection of Optical Radiation |
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|url=https://archive.org/details/radiometrydetect0000boyd |
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|publisher=Wiley and Son |
|publisher=Wiley and Son |
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|location=New York |
|location=New York |
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|author=Boyd, Robert |
|author=Boyd, Robert |
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|year=1983 |
|year=1983 |
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}}</ref> |
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電源發光效率為一種:測量電能提供光源發出可見光的效率。<ref> |
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{{cite book |
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| title = Photovoltaic systems engineering |
| title = Photovoltaic systems engineering |
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| edition = Second |
| edition = Second |
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| page = 123 |
| page = 123 |
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| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=XiOeYrhyVlEC&pg=PA123&dq=%22luminous+efficacy+of+a+source%22&hl=en&ei=JwXLTO6bL4bWtQPD46GPDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=%22luminous%20efficacy%20of%20a%20source%22&f=false |
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=XiOeYrhyVlEC&pg=PA123&dq=%22luminous+efficacy+of+a+source%22&hl=en&ei=JwXLTO6bL4bWtQPD46GPDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=%22luminous%20efficacy%20of%20a%20source%22&f=false |
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}}</ref> |
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{{cite book |
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| title = Color imaging: fundamentals and applications |
| title = Color imaging: fundamentals and applications |
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| author = Erik Reinhard, Erum Arif Khan, Ahmet Oğuz Akyüz, and Garrett Johnson |
| author = Erik Reinhard, Erum Arif Khan, Ahmet Oğuz Akyüz, and Garrett Johnson |
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| page = 338 |
| page = 338 |
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| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=79-V0_TElg4C&pg=PA338&dq=luminous+efficacy+of+radiation&hl=en&ei=1QbLTOuwJ4mmsQPmis2JDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=luminous%20efficacy%20of%20radiation&f=false |
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=79-V0_TElg4C&pg=PA338&dq=luminous+efficacy+of+radiation&hl=en&ei=1QbLTOuwJ4mmsQPmis2JDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=luminous%20efficacy%20of%20radiation&f=false |
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}}</ref> |
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==效率的不同表示方法== |
==效率的不同表示方法== |
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[[流明]]跟[[瓦特]]的關係,就如同[[西弗]]跟[[戈雷]]的關係。 |
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==輻射發光效率== |
==輻射發光效率== |
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[[File:CIE 1931 Luminosity.png|thumb|1924年由[[國際照明委員會]]所提出[[光度函數|典型人類眼睛對光的靈敏度]],橫軸為波長,單位為nm]] |
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===定義=== |
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[[Image:CIE 1931 Luminosity.png|right|thumb|The [[Luminosity function|response of a typical human eye to light]], as standardized by the [[International Commission on Illumination|CIE]] in 1924. The horizontal axis is wavelength in nm]] |
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[[Image:Wiens law vis limits.svg|right|thumb|300px|]] |
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[[Image:Blackbody efficiency.png|right|thumb|300px]] |
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{| |
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|[[File:Wiens law vis limits.svg|thumb|x270px|黑体的光谱[[辐射率]](按波长)。[[可见光]](灰线)波段外的能量消耗,降低了发光效率。]] |
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|[[File:Blackbody efficacy 1000-16000K.svg|thumb|x300px]] |
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==參看== |
==參看== |
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==參考資料== |
==參考資料== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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==外部連結== |
==外部連結== |
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*[[Hyperphysics]] has these [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/vision/bright.html#c2 graphs of efficacy] that do not quite comply with the standard definition |
*[[Hyperphysics]] has these [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/vision/bright.html#c2 graphs of efficacy] {{Wayback|url=http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/vision/bright.html#c2 |date=20140221094605 }} that do not quite comply with the standard definition |
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*[http://www.cus.net/electricity/subcats/eleclighting.html Energy Efficient Light Bulbs] |
*[http://www.cus.net/electricity/subcats/eleclighting.html Energy Efficient Light Bulbs] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cus.net/electricity/subcats/eleclighting.html |date=20160303183517 }} |
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*[http://www.otherpower.com/otherpower_lighting.html Other Power] |
*[http://www.otherpower.com/otherpower_lighting.html Other Power] {{Wayback|url=http://www.otherpower.com/otherpower_lighting.html |date=20201116162938 }} |
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*[http://cipco.apogee.net/ CIPCO Energy Library] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110306075428/http://cipco.apogee.net/ CIPCO Energy Library] |
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{{国际单位制光度单位}} |
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[[Category:Photometry]] |
[[Category:Photometry]] |
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[[Category:物理量]] |
[[Category:物理量]] |
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[[Category:照明]] |
[[Category:照明]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:能源經濟學]] |
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[[de:Lichtausbeute]] |
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[[en:Luminous efficacy]] |
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[[es:Eficacia luminosa]] |
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[[et:Valgusviljakus]] |
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[[fr:Rendement lumineux]] |
[[fr:Rendement lumineux]] |
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[[it:Efficienza luminosa]] |
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[[ja:発光効率]] |
2023年10月23日 (一) 10:56的最新版本
此條目可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充。 |
光視效能(英語:luminous efficacy)是一个光源的参数。他是光通量與功率的比值,依照文字來源此功率指的是光源輸出的輻射通量,或者是提供光源的電能[1][2][3],前者的定義有時叫輻射發光效率,後者稱電源發光效率。電源發光效率為一種:測量電能提供光源發出可見光的效率[4]。輻射發光效率描述:光源提供可見光的效率,也就是光通量對輻射通量的比值[5]。因人眼的結構,並非所有波長的光能見度都一樣。紅外光和紫外光的光譜對於發光效率不造成影響。光源的發光效率与光源把能量转化为电磁辐射的能力以及人眼感知所发出的辐射的能力有关。
效率的不同表示方法
[编辑]在一些單位制中,光通量和輻射通量的單位是一樣的,這時的輻射發光效率無法被量化,在這種情況下發光效率可以被用百分比來表示(跟精細結構常數一樣,沒有量綱)。一個普遍的做法是選擇最大的效率-683 lm/W-作為發光效率(英語:luminous efficiency)100%的標準。在絕大部份例子中採用百分比表示和lm/W來表示沒有特殊的限制。
輻射發光效率
[编辑]波長位於可見光譜以外的輻射對於照明來說是沒有用的,因為它們無法被人眼感知。即使在可見光譜的波段里,人眼對於一些光的敏感度會高於另外一些光,眼睛的這種特性可由視見函數所表示。代表一個標準觀測者在亮度比較高的環境(明視覺)條件下所表現出來的觀測能力。同樣我們也可以定義在比較暗的環境(暗視覺)條件下的函數曲綫。如果沒有特別指出的話,通常都是指的明視覺的視見函數。
參看
[编辑]參考資料
[编辑]- ^ Stimson, Allen. Photometry and Radiometry for Engineers. New York: Wiley and Son. 1974ac.
- ^ Grum, Franc and Becherer, Richard. Optical Radiation Measurements Vol 1. New York: Academic Press. 1979.
- ^ Boyd, Robert. Radiometry and the Detection of Optical Radiation. New York: Wiley and Son. 1983.
- ^ Roger A. Messenger and Jerry Ventre. Photovoltaic systems engineering Second. CRC Press. 2004: 123. ISBN 9780849317934.
- ^ Erik Reinhard, Erum Arif Khan, Ahmet Oğuz Akyüz, and Garrett Johnson. Color imaging: fundamentals and applications. A K Peters, Ltd. 2008: 338. ISBN 9781568813448.
外部連結
[编辑]- Hyperphysics has these graphs of efficacy (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) that do not quite comply with the standard definition
- Energy Efficient Light Bulbs (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Other Power (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- CIPCO Energy Library