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加仑：修订间差异

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{{Expand language|1=en|time=2024-04-24T15:16:50+00:00}}
⚫
'''加侖'''（'''gallon'''）是英美度量衡的一個[[容量單位]]，又稱作「嗧」。它同時是[[液體]]和乾量的容量單位，但兩者的容量略有不同。（傳統英美度量衡的容量單位有分成“液量”和“乾量”兩類）。
{{Refimprove|time=2024-05-05}}
{{NoteTA
|G1 = Unit
}}
{{Infobox unit
| image = GasCan.jpg
| caption = 一个1美制加仑的汽油罐，上面用美制加仑，英制加仑和升标明了容量
| standard =
| quantity = 容量
| symbol = gal
| extralabel =
| extradata =
| units_imp1 = 公制
| inunits_imp1 = {{convert|1|impgal|L|sigfig=7|disp=out}}
| units_imp2 = 美制
| inunits_imp2 = ≈{{thinsp}}{{convert|1|impgal|usgal|sigfig=7|disp=out}}
| units_imp3 = 英制
| inunits_imp3 = ≈{{thinsp}}{{convert|1|impgal|in3|sigfig=7|disp=out}}
| units_us1 = 公制
| inunits_us1 = ≈{{thinsp}}{{convert|1|usgal|L|sigfig=7|disp=out}}
| units_us2 = 英制
| inunits_us2 = ≈{{thinsp}}{{convert|1|usgal|impgal|sigfig=7|disp=out}}
| units_us3 = 英制
| inunits_us3 = {{convert|1|usgal|in3|sigfig=7|disp=out}}
}}
⚫
'''加侖'''（{{lang|en|Gallon}}）是英美的[[容量]][[計量單位|單位]]，從前以[[計量用漢字]]寫作「嗧／𰇠（上「加」下「-{侖}-」）」；其同時是[[液體]]和乾量的容量單位，但兩者的容量略有不同（傳統英美度量衡的容量單位有分成“液量”和“乾量”兩類）。


*[[英制]]的加侖被定義為4.546 09[[公升]]。
* [[英制单位|英制]]的加侖定義為{{val|4.54609|ul=公升}}。
* [[美制单位|美-{制}-]]的液體加侖定義為231[[立方英寸]]，等于{{val|3.785411784|u=公升}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thompson |first1=E Ambler |last2=Taylor |first2=Barry N |date=2008 |title=Guide for the use of the International System of Units (SI) |publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology |doi=10.6028/nist.sp.811e2008 |doi-access=free}}</ref>。
*-{美制}-的液體加侖被定義為3.785 411 784公升。
*-{美制}-的乾貨加侖被定義為4.404 842 803 2公升。
* 美-{制}-的乾貨加侖定義為八分之一[[蒲式耳|美制蒲式耳]]，等于{{val|4.40488377086|u=公升}}。
{{clear}}
==使用情況==
[[File:Gasoline unit.svg|thumb|400px|left|{{legend inline|#ff0000|[[公升]]}}<br>{{legend inline|#00ff00|美制加侖}}<br>{{legend inline|#0000ff|英制加侖}}<br>{{legend inline|#e0e0e0|沒有資料}}]]
{{clear}}
==參考資料==
{{reflist}}


{{體積單位}}
{{體積單位}}

<!--
* The U.S. liquid gallon is abbreviated U.S. gal whereas the Imperial gallon is the Imp. gal.

At one time, the volume of a gallon depended on what you were measuring, and where you were measuring it. But, by the [[19th century]], two definitions were in common use. The wine gallon, or "Queen Anne's gallon", which was 231 in&sup3; (and became the legal basis for the U.S. fluid gallon), and the ale gallon, of 282 in&sup3;.

In [[1824]], Britain adopted a close approximation to the ale gallon known as the Imperial gallon. The Imperial gallon was based on the volume of 10 [[pound|lb]] of distilled water weighed in air with brass weights with the barometer standing at 30 [[inch of mercury|in]] and at a temperature of 62[[Fahrenheit|°F]]. In [[1963]], this definition was refined as the space occupied by 10 [[pound|lb]] of distilled water of density 0.998 859 [[gram|g]]/[[millilitre|mL]] weighed in air of density 0.001 217 g/mL against weights of density 8.136 g/mL. This works out at approximately 277.419 45 in&sup3;. The metric definition of exactly 4.546 09 L was adopted shortly afterward.

The United States, by this time, had already standardised on the old wine gallon. It was at one time defined as the volume of a cylinder 6 in long and 7 in in diameter, or 230.907 in&sup3;. It had been redefined during the reign of [[Anne of Great Britain|Queen Anne]] as 231 in&sup3; exactly, which remains the U.S. definition today. Thus 10 U.S. gallons equals approximately 8.327 Imperial gallons. The Imperial gallon is about a fifth larger than the U.S. gallon.

Both the Imperial and United States gallon are divided into 8 [[pint]]s. However in the US a pint is 16 fl oz whereas an Imperial pint is 20 fl oz. Thus a U.S. gallon is 128 fl oz and an Imperial gallon is 160 fl oz; this means that a US fluid ounce is around 1.8047 in&sup3; and an Imperial fl oz is around 1.7339 in&sup3;. The US fluid ounce is actually bigger than the imperial, although the US gallon is smaller.

== History ==
Until and before the 19th century there were even more gallons in use.
Examples:
; 224 in³ : standard wine gallon preserved at Guildhall
; 231 in³ : statute of 5th of Anne
; 264.8 in³ : ancient Rumford quart ([[1228]])
; 265.5 in³ : Exchequer (Henry VII., [[1091]], with rim)
; 266.25 in³ : ancient Rumford ([[1228]])
; 268.75 in³ : Winchester, statute 13 + 14 by William III.
; 271 in³ &minus; 2 spoonfuls : Exchequer (Henry VII., [[1601]], ''E.E.'')
; 271 in³ : Exchequer ([[1601]], ''E.''), ''corn''
; 272 in³ : corn ([[1688]])
; 277.18 in³ : coal, statute 12 of Anne
; 278 in³ : Exchequer (Henry VII., with copper rim)
; 278.4 in³ : Exchequer ([[1601]] and [[1602]] pints)
; 280 in³ : Exchequer ([[1601]] quart)
; 282 in³ : Treasury (gallon for beer and ale)
-->


[[Category:體積單位]]
[[Category:體積單位]]
[[Category:英制]]
[[Category:英制]]
[[Category:美國度量衡單位]]

[[bg:Галон]]
[[cs:Galon]]
[[da:Gallon]]
[[de:Gallone]]
[[en:Gallon]]
[[eo:Galjono]]
[[es:Galón (unidad)]]
[[fi:Gallona]]
[[fr:Gallon]]
[[gl:Galón]]
[[he:גלון]]
[[hr:Galon]]
[[it:Gallone]]
[[ja:ガロン]]
[[ko:갤런]]
[[nl:Gallon]]
[[nn:Gallon]]
[[no:Gallon]]
[[pl:Galon (miara)]]
[[pt:Galão]]
[[ru:Галлон]]
[[simple:Gallon]]
[[sk:Galón]]
[[sl:Galona]]
[[sv:Gallon]]
[[th:แกลลอน]]
[[vi:Gallon]]

2024年5月5日 (日) 14:19的最新版本

加仑
一个1美制加仑的汽油罐，上面用美制加仑，英制加仑和升标明了容量
单位信息
物理量名称容量
符号gal 
單位換算（英制）
1 imp gal相当于
   公制   4.546090公升
   美制   ≈ 1.200950美制加侖
   英制   ≈ 277.4194立方英寸
單位換算（美制）
1 US gal相当于
   公制   ≈ 3.785412公升
   英制   ≈ 0.8326742英制加侖
   英制   231.0000立方英寸

加侖（Gallon）是英美的容量單位，從前以計量用漢字寫作「嗧／𰇠（上「加」下「侖」）」；其同時是液體和乾量的容量單位，但兩者的容量略有不同（傳統英美度量衡的容量單位有分成“液量”和“乾量”兩類）。

  • 英制的加侖定義為4.54609 公升。
  • 美制的液體加侖定義為231立方英寸，等于3.785411784 公升[1]。
  • 美制的乾貨加侖定義為八分之一美制蒲式耳，等于4.40488377086 公升。

使用情況

[编辑]
  公升
  美制加侖
  英制加侖
  沒有資料

參考資料

[编辑]
  1. ^ Thompson, E Ambler; Taylor, Barry N. Guide for the use of the International System of Units (SI). National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2008. doi:10.6028/nist.sp.811e2008 可免费查阅. 
检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/zhwiki/w/index.php?title=加仑&oldid=82526696”